January 11, 2020

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Kristi!

1,880 years ago
140

Died on this date
Hyginus, 65 (?). Bishop of Rome, 136-142. Hyginus, a native of Athens, succeeded Telesphorus as Bishop of Rome. He defined the grades of the ecclesiastical hierarchy, and decreed that all churches be consecrated. Hyginus was succeeded by Pius I.

1,390 years ago
630

War
The Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers conquered Mecca, as Quraysh forces surrendered.

260 years ago
1760

Born on this date
Oliver Wolcott, Jr. U.S. politician and judge. Mr. Wolcott was U.S. Secretary of the Treasury under Presidents George Washington and John Adams (1795-1800), and was then appointed as a judge of the United States Circuit Court for the Second Circuit (1801-1802), an appointment which ended with the abolition of the court. Mr. Wolcott was Governor of Connecticut (1817-1827), and died on June 1, 1833 at the age of 73.

130 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Mickey Keliher. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Keliher was a first baseman with the Pittsburgh Pirates (1911-1912), batting 0 for 7 in 2 games. He played over 1,600 games in 18 seasons in the minor leagues (1910-1929), and died on September 7, 1930 at the age of 40.

Max Carey. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Carey, born Maximillian George Carnarius, was an outfielder with the Pittsburgh Pirates (1910-1926) and Brooklyn Robins (1926-1929), batting .285 with 70 home runs and 802 runs batted in and 738 stolen bases in 2,476 games. He led or tied for the National League lead in stolen bases in 11 seasons, and his career total stood as the NL record until it was broken by Lou Brock in the 1970s. Mr. Carey was with the Pirates when they won the World Series in 1925, and batted .458 as they came back from a 3-1 deficit in games to defeat the Washington Nationals 4 games to 3. Mr. Carey managed the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1932-1933, compiling a record of 146-161-4. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1961, and died on May 30, 1976 at the age of 86.

125 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Laurens Hammond. U.S. engineer. Mr. Hammond invented such things as the Hammond organ, Hammond clock, and the Teleview system of glasses for watching 3-D movies. He died on July 1, 1973 at the age of 78.

110 years ago
1910

Born on this date
Schoolboy Rowe. U.S. baseball player. Lynnwood Rowe played with the Detroit Tigers (1933-1942); Brooklyn Dodgers (1942); and Philadelphia Phillies (1943, 1946-1949), compiling a record of 158-101 with an earned run average of 3.87 in 382 games, batting .263 with 18 home runs and 153 runs batted in in 491 games. He helped the Tigers win the World Series in 1935 and American League pennants in 1934 and 1940, and was 2-5 with a 3.91 ERA in 8 World Series games, batting .125 (2 for 16) with no homers or RBIs. Mr. Rowe was 24-8 in 1934 and 16-3 in 1940, leading the AL in winning percentage in the latter season. Mr. Rowe died of a heart attack on January 8, 1961, three days before his 51st birthday.

Trygve Bratteli. Prime Minister of Norway, 1971-1972, 1973-1976. Mr. Bratteli, a member of the Labour Party, served with the Norwegian resistance against Nazi occupation during World War II, and was interned in concentration camps from 1943-1945. He represented Oslo in the Storting (Parliament) from 1950-1981, and was Minister of Finance (1951-1955, 1956-1960) and Minister of Transport and Communications (1960-1963, 1963-1964). Mr. Bratteli took office as Prime Minister after Per Borten's government collapsed, and his first cabinet resigned in 1972 after Norwegian membership in the European Economic Community was narrowly rejected in a referendum. The Labour Party was restored to power in the 1973 general election, and Mr. Bratteli resumed the office of Prime Minister, resigning because of ill health. He died on November 20, 1984 at the age of 74.

Hockey
CHA
Montreal Le National 8 @ Montreal Shamrocks 17

Only 800 fans were in attendance.

80 years ago
1940

War
Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson urged the United States to halt the shipment of arms and raw materials to Japan. Japanese officials claimed a major aerial victory over Kweilin, capital of the Chinese province of Kwangsi.

Politics and government
The United States Senate confirmed Charles Edison as Secretary of the Navy in the cabinet of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Economics and finance
A French government decree established Friday as a meatless day and prohibited the sale of beef, veal, and mutton on Monday and Tuesday.

75 years ago
1945

Died on this date
Warren G. Hooper, 40. U.S. politician. Mr. Hooper, a Republican, was a member of Michigan's state House of Representatives. During a grand jury investigation, he admitted to taking bribes and was given immunity from prosecution in return for his testimony against three other men charged with conspiracy to bribe legislators. However, four days before the hearing, he was shot and killed in his car, alongside highway M-99, near Springport, Jackson County, Michigan.

War
U.S. Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson instructed the Selective Service to raise its March quotas from 80,000-100,000 to meet replacement needs. Allied troops further reduced the German bulge in Belgium, and U.S. forces destroyed German units on the Luxembourg border. Hill positions overlooking the Kall River and the Haies-de-Tillet woods were cleared, and Bonnerue, Pironpre, Vesqueville, and St. Hubert were occupied. German forces withdrew from the pocket southeast of Bastogne. U.S. forces in the Philippines extended their line on Luzon to 22 miles and pushed inland up to 9 miles. U.S. carrier aircraft attacked Japanese positions along the French Indochina coast, destroying ships and aircraft. U.K. forces in Burma took Shwebo, 54 miles north of Mandalay. It was the last day of the Dekemvriana (December) clashes in Athens between Greek left-wing resistance forces (EAM-ELAS, KKE) and the British Army, supported by the Greek government.

70 years ago
1950

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Ben Wright and Eric Snowden, on ABC

The Casebook of Gregory Hood, starring Jackson Beck, on ABC

Died on this date
Walter A. Maier, 56. U.S. clergyman. Rev. Maier was a Lutheran pastor and professor who was best known as the main speaker on the radio program The Lutheran Hour, serving as the program's first voice from 1930 until his death, with the exception of a period from 1931-1935 when the program was off the air.

James A. Colescott, 53. U.S. racist activist. Dr. Colescott, a veterinarian by trade, joined the Ku Klux Klan in Indiana, making his way up the ranks before replacing Hiram Wesley Evans as Grand Wizard in 1939. The KKK was in decline during Dr. Colescott's time as Grand Wizard, and he disbanded the Klan in 1944 while under pressure from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service for payment of back taxes. Dr. Colescott died on his 53rd birthday.

Diplomacy
U.S. Senator Robert Taft (Republican--Ohio) charged in a Senate speech that American policy on China was run by "a left-wing group" in the State Department "who obviously have wanted to get rid of Chiang Kai-shek."

Defense
U.S. diplomatic officials announced approval of a plan to send military supplies to the Yugoslavian government in the event of an attack on Yugoslavia by Cominform countries.

Crime
Soviet engineer Valentin Gubitchev's attorney charged at a pretrial hearing in New York that the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation tapped the telephones of United Nations embassies and legations in the United States.

Economics and finance
The Organization for European Economic Cooperation approved a tentative plan for the creation of a central bank clearinghouse for debts and credits in Europe's international trade.

The West German government ended rationing on bread, meat, fats, and milk, leaving only sugar subject to continued controls.

Labour
United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis "suggested" that soft coal miners end their wildcat strikes and return to work by January 16, as U.S. Senate Republicans called for a Taft-Hartley Act injunction against the strikers.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Lonely Boy--Paul Anka (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (IFOP): Le marchand de bonheur--Les Compagnons de la chanson (9th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 El Paso--Marty Robbins (2nd week at #1)
2 Why--Frankie Avalon
3 Way Down Yonder in New Orleans--Freddie Cannon
4 Running Bear--Johnny Preston
5 The Big Hurt--Miss Toni Fisher
6 It's Time to Cry--Paul Anka
7 Go, Jimmy, Go--Jimmy Clanton
8 Among My Souvenirs--Connie Francis
9 Pretty Blue Eyes--Steve Lawrence
10 Heartaches by the Number--Guy Mitchell

Singles entering the chart were What in the World's Come Over You by Jack Scott (#75); Let it Be Me by the Everly Brothers (#76); T.L.C. Tender Love and Care by Jimmie Rodgers (#83); The Theme from "A Summer Place" by Percy Faith and his Orchestra (#96); Let the Good Times Roll by Ray Charles (#97); Tell Her for Me by Adam Wade (#98); Bulldog by the Fireballs (#99); and Teenage Hayride by Tender Slim (#100).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Music Vendor)
1 El Paso--Marty Robbins (2nd week at #1)
2 Running Bear--Johnny Preston
3 Why--Frankie Avalon
4 The Big Hurt--Miss Toni Fisher
5 Way Down Yonder in New Orleans--Freddie Cannon
6 It's Time to Cry--Paul Anka
7 The Village of St. Bernadette--Andy Williams
8 Pretty Blue Eyes--Steve Lawrence
9 Among My Souvenirs--Connie Francis
10 Heartaches by the Number--Guy Mitchell

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 El Paso--Marty Robbins (4th week at #1)
2 Hound Dog Man/This Friendly World--Fabian
3 Pretty Blue Eyes--Steve Lawrence
4 The Big Hurt--Miss Toni Fisher
5 Running Bear--Johnny Preston
6 Heartaches by the Number--Guy Mitchell
7 Way Down Yonder in New Orleans--Freddie Cannon
8 Marina--Willy Alberti
--Rocco Granata and the International Quintet
9 Not One Minute More/You're My Love--Della Reese
10 Living Doll--Cliff Richard and the Drifters
--David Hill

Singles entering the chart were Teen Angel by Mark Dinning (#25); Shimmy, Shimmy, Ko-Ko-Bop by Little Anthony and the Imperials (#30); Handy Man by Jimmy Jones (#32); Let it Be Me by the Everly Brothers (#46); Mary Don't You Weep by Stonewall Jackson (#48); The Theme from "A Summer Place" by Percy Faith and his Orchestra (#50); Crazy Arms by Bob Beckham (#51); T.L.C. Tender Love and Care by Jimmie Rodgers (#52); Time and the River by Nat King Cole (#55); Tell Her for Me by Adam Wade (#56); Skokiaan (South African Song) by Bill Haley and his Comets (#57); The Sound of Music by Patti Page (#59); and Southern Love by Ronnie Hawkins and the Hawks (#60).

50 years ago
1970

War
Nigeria announced that its troops had captured Owerri, provisional capital of secessionist Biafra, and it was reported that Biafra’s last major airstrip, at Uli, was out of action.

Disasters
A train struck a bus near Santa Marta, Colombia, killing 36 people.

Football
NFL
Super Bowl IV @ Tulane Stadium, New Orleans
Kansas City (AFL) 23 Minnesota (NFL) 7

The Chiefs’ offense used a balanced attack and their defense forced five Minnesota turnovers as the American Football League won its second straight Super Bowl (see video). Kansas City’s Jan Stenerud kicked a 48-yard field goal in the 1st quarter and added 32- and 25-yard field goals in the 2nd quarter to give the Chiefs a 9-0 lead, which became a 16-0 lead by halftime when Mike Garrett rushed 5 yards for a touchdown, converted by Mr. Stenerud. Minnesota quarterback Joe Kapp drove the Vikings 69 yards downfield to start the 3rd quarter, and Dave Osborn finished the drive with a 4-yard touchdown run, converted by Fred Cox. The Chiefs came back before the end of the quarter, and Len Dawson completed a short pass to Otis Taylor, which he broke for a 46-yard touchdown. Mr. Stenerud’s convert made the score 23-7, and there was no further scoring. Mr. Dawson, who was voted the game’s Most Valuable Player, completed 12 of 17 passes for 142 yards, while the Chiefs rushed 42 times for 151 yards. Mr. Kapp completed 16 of 25 passes for 183 yards, but gave up 2 interceptions. Gary Cuozzo, who relieved Mr. Kapp late in the game, was 1 for 3 for 16 yards and an interception. Mr. Taylor led the Chiefs’ receivers with 6 receptions for 81 yards. Frank Pitts caught 3 for 33 and rushed 3 times for 37 yards. John Henderson of the Vikings led all receivers with 7 catches for 111 yards. The Minnesota rushing game was held to just 67 yards on 19 attempts. For Mr. Kapp, it was his last game as a Viking. 80,562 were in attendance.

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Oh! Susie--Secret Service (13th week at #1)

#1 single in France (IFOP): Video Killed the Radio Star--The Buggles (9th week at #1)

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough--Michael Jackson
2 She's in Love with You--Suzi Quatro
3 The Part of Me that Needs You Most--Exile
4 Crazy Little Thing Called Love--Queen
5 Boy Oh Boy--Racey
6 I Have a Dream--ABBA
7 Half the Way--Crystal Gayle
8 If I Said You Had a Beautiful Body (Would You Hold it Against Me)--Bellamy Brothers
9 El Lute/Gotta Go Home--Boney M.
10 We Don't Talk Anymore--Cliff Richard

The only single entering the chart was Friday on My Mind by Chilly (#19).

Died on this date
Lon Tinkle, 73. U.S. journalist, academic, and historian. Mr. Tinkle was a literature professor at Southern Methodist University and the book editor and critic for the Dallas Morning News before writing several books of his own, mainly on the history of Texas. He was best known for Thirteen Days to Glory: The Siege of the Alamo (1958).

Barbara Pym, 66. U.K. authoress. Miss Pym wrote comedic novels in the 1950s and early '60s, but didn't have another book published until 1977 because publishers regarded her writing as old-fashioned. Her novels included Excellent Women (1952) and A Glass of Blessings (1958). Miss Pym died of breast cancer.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Ryyd-joulu--Bat & Ryyd (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid II (5th week at #1)

Law
The end of martial law in Beijing took effect, but had little practical impact because other laws introduced since the June 1989 protests in Tiananmen Square had curtailed unauthorized political activity.

Armenia’s parliament asserted Armenia’s right to override national (i.e., Soviet) laws that affected Armenia. This was in response to the presidium of the national Supreme Soviet declaring Armenia’s vote to integrate the economy of Nagorno-Karabakh into that of Armenia unconstitutional.

Protest
250,000 people demonstrated in the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius on behalf of independence as Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev arrived in an attempt to persuade the Lithuanian Communist Party to rescind its break with the national (i.e., Soviet) party. In a walk through the streets of the city, Mr. Gorbachev denounced independence as a dead end, and said the U.S.S.R. could not afford to lose its Baltic ports.

25 years ago
1995

War
Chechen President Dzhokhar Dudayev said that his forces could not defeat Russia and that a negotiated settlement would be necessary. The U.S. State Department said that Russia had broken an international agreement by making major troop movements without providing notification.

Law
The United States Senate voted 98-1 in favour of its own version of a bill that had passed in the House of Representatives six days earlier by a 429-0 vote, that would require that the two houses of Congress abide by labour and civil rights laws that applied to other Americans.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department announced that the consumer price index had increased 0.2% in December 1994.

Business
Dylex Ltd., Canada's largest clothing retailer, sought court protection from its creditors and said it would shut 200 stores, eliminating 1,800 jobs.

Labour
After a 103-day lockout, representatives of the National Hockey League Players Association accepted the final offer of club owners on the final day by which the owners said an agreement had to be reached in order to save the season. The season was to begin on January 20, with the league playing a 48-game schedule instead of the usual 82.

20 years ago
2000

Died on this date
Ivan Combe, 88. U.S. businessman. Mr. Combe created his own company, marketing personal care products such as Clearasil, Just for Men, and Grecian Formula 16.

Bob Lemon, 79. U.S. baseball player and manager. Mr. Lemon began his career as a third baseman, but achieved great success as a pitcher with the Cleveland Indians (1941-1942, 1946-1958), compiling a record of 207-128 with an earned run average of 3.23 in 460 games, batting .232 with 37 home runs and 147 runs batted in in 615 games. He led or tied for the American League lead in wins three times, and helped the Indians win AL pennants in 1948 and 1954 and the World Series in 1948. Mr. Lemon was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1976. He managed the Kansas City Royals (1970-1972); Chicago White Sox (1977-1978); and New York Yankees (1978-1979, 1981-1982), compiling a record of 430-403. After Mr. Lemon was fired by the White Sox in mid-season, he was hired by the Yankees to replace the fired Billy Martin, and led the Yankees to a 48-20 record as they erased a 14-game deficit and defeated the Boston Red Sox in a sudden-death playoff to win the AL East Division, and then went on to win the World Series.

World events
British Home Secretary Jack Straw announced that 84-year-old General Augusto Pinochet, the former Chilean dictator, was medically unfit to stand trial in Spain. Spanish Judge Baltasar Garzon had sought to extradite Gen. Pinochet to Spain to confront charges of human rights violations allegedly committed during his reign in Chile from 1973-1990.

Politics and government
U.S. Senator and Republican Party U.S. presidential candidate John McCain detailed his tax plan. He proposed $237.5 billion in tax cuts over five years, benefiting mainly middle-class and lower-income people. He favoured eliminating tax breaks for big corporations and "other powerful special interests."

Business
Inco Ltd. announced that it was shelving plans to construct a nickel processing facility in Newfoundland to handle the ore from the Voisey’s Bay deposit.

Weather
A loud, booming winter thunderstorm was heard across Nova Scotia; some houses in Halifax shook and windows rattled.

Disasters
Seven young fishermen drowned off the Scottish coast when their scallop dredger sank in force nine gales.

10 years ago
2010

Died on this date
Miep Gies, 100. Austro-Hungarian-born Dutch humanitarian. Mrs. Gies was adopted by a Dutch family in 1920, and remained in the Netherlands for the rest of her life. She began working for businessman Otto Frank in 1933 and became close friends with the Frank family, including his daughter Anne. Mrs. Gies helped to hide the Frank family during World War II, and saved Anne's diary. Mrs. Gies told her story in her autobiography Anne Frank Remembered (1987) and was interviewed for the documentary film Anne Frank Remembered (1995). Mrs. Gies died just over a month before her 101st birthday.

Éric Rohmer, 89. French film director and writer. Mr. Rohmer, born Maurice Schérer, edited the film journal Cahiers du cinéma (1957-1963) before establishing himself as part of the French New Wave of directors with movies such as Ma nuit chez Maud (My Night at Maud's) (1969) and Le Genou de Claire (Claire's Knee) (1971).

Scandal
Former St. Louis Cardinals, first baseman Mark McGwire admitted to The Associated Press that he had used steroids and human growth hormone in 1998, when he hit 70 home runs to set a major league record for a single season.