September 13, 2021

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Gloria Teresa Barriga Garcia and Diana Mary Sanchez Alvarez!

1,940 years ago
81

Died on this date
Titus, 41. Emperor of the Roman Empire, 79-81. Titus, the son of Vespasian, served as a military commander under his father. When Vespasian became Emperor in 69, Titus completed the suppression of the rebellion in Judea, sacking Jerusalem and destroying the Second Temple in 70. Titus served as prefect of the Praetorian Guard and acceded to the throne upon the death of his father, becoming the first Roman Emperor to succeed his biological father. He oversaw the completion of the Colosseum and eased the suffering caused by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 and a fire in Rome in 80, but died from a fever, and was succeeded as Emperor by Domitian.

480 years ago
1541

Religion
Jean Cauvin (John Calvin) returned to Geneva, Switzerland to reform the church after five years of exile in Strasbourg, France.

230 years ago
1791

Politics and government
King Louis XVI of France accepted the new constitution.

170 years ago
1851

Born on this date
Walter Reed. U.S. physician. Major Dr. Reed joined the U.S. Army Medical Corps in 1875 after serving with the New York Board of Health. In 1896, he confirmed that yellow fever wasn't caused by drinking contaminated water, and in 1901 confirmed the belief of Cuban epidemiologist Carlos Finlay that yellow fever was transmitted by mosquitoes. Dr. Reed suffered a ruptured appendix and died from the resulting peritonitis on November 23, 1902 at the age of 51. Walter Reed National Military Medical Center in Washington, D.C. is named in his honour.

140 years ago
1881

Died on this date
Ambrose Burnside, 57. U.S. military officer and politician. Major General Burnside joined the U.S. Army in 1847, and served with the Union Army in the American Civil War, conducting successful campaigns in North Carolina and East Tennessee, as well as countering the raids of Confederate General John Hunt Morgan, but suffering disastrous defeats in the Battle of Fredericksburg and the Battle of the Crater. He was a member of the Democratic Party from 1858-1865, but switched his allegiance to the Republican Party in 1866, serving as Governor of Rhode Island (1866-1869) and representing Rhode Island in the U.S. Senate from 1875 until his sudden death from "neuralgia of the heart" (Angina pectoris). Maj. Gen. Burnside's distinctive facial hairstyle was originally referred to as "burnsides," and later as "sideburns."

130 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Max Pruss. German aviator. Kapitän Pruss joined the Imperial German Navy in 1906, and acquired experience as a crewman on zeppelins, crossing the Atlantic Ocean 171 times. He joined the crew of the zeppelin LZ 129 Hindenburg in 1936, with his first flight as the Hindenburg's Kommandant taking place from May 3-6, 1937, ending with its fiery crash upon landing at Lakehurst, New Jersey. Kapitän Pruss survived the crash and aided in attempting to rescue others, but suffered severe burns, especially to his face. He believed the disaster was caused by sabotage, and returned to Germany in the fall of 1937. Kapitän Pruss was Kommandant of Frankfurt Airport during World War II, and advocated the modernization of Germany's zeppelin fleet. He died on November 28, 1960 at the age of 69 from pneumonia after a stomach operation.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Bill Monroe. U.S.musician. Mr. Monroe, a native of Kentucky who specialized in playing the mandolin, was known as the "Father of Bluegrass" as leader of the Blue Grass Boys, the band that he founded in 1939. He died of a stroke on September 9, 1996, four days before his 85th birthday, and after a career spanning almost 70 years.

90 years ago
1931

Football
NFL
Brooklyn (0-1) 0 @ Portsmouth (1-0) 14
Cleveland (0-1) 0 @ Green Bay (1-0) 26

80 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Green Eyes (Aquellos Ojos Verdes)--Jimmy Dorsey and his Orchestra (vocal choruses by Bob Eberly and Helen O'Connell) (3rd week at #1)

War
The Royal Canadian Navy ship HMCS Drumheller was commissioned at Esquimalt, British Columbia. Moscow reports claimed that Soviet forces had smashed a German offensive near Bryansk, 220 miles southwest of Moscow.

World events
80 Germans left Tehran on special trains to be interned in India and Siberia for the duration of World War II. The German command in Paris decreed that unauthorized Frenchmen possessing arms or war material "of any kind" would be liable to the death penalty.

Literature
H.G. Wells was elected international president of PEN (Poets, Editors and Novelists) in London, but declined on the grounds that a non-Briton should hold the office.

Football
CRU
WIFU
Regina (1-1) 4 @ Vancouver (0-1) 1

This was the first game for the Vancouver Grizzlies, replacing the departed Calgary Bronks, who had ceased operations for the duration of World War II. 3,000 fans were in attendance.

NFL
New York (1-0) 24 @ Philadelphia (0-1) 0

75 years ago
1946

At the movies
Pervertida, directed by José Díaz Morales, and starring Emilia Guiú, Ramón Armengod, and Amalia Aguilar, opened in theatres in Mexico.

Died on this date
William Watt, 74. Australian politician. Mr. Watt, a member of the Liberal Party, was Premier of Victoria from 1912-1913 and 1913-1914 before entering federal politics and representing Balaclava in the Australian Parliament from 1914-1929, serving as Treasurer from 1918-1920 and Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1923-1926. He joined the fledgling Nationalist Party in 1916.

Amon Göth, 37. Austrian war criminal. SS-Hauptsturmführer (Captain) Gِöth was commandant of the Krakَw-Płaszów concentration camp in Płaszów in German-occupied Poland for most of the camp's existence during World War II. He was tried after the war by the Supreme National Tribunal of Poland at Kraków and was convicted of murder for personally ordering the murders of an unspecified number of people, resulting in his execution by hanging.

Diplomacy
White Russian Foreign Minister K.V. Kissilev walked out of a meeting of the Bulgarian Political and Territorial Commission at the Paris Peace Conference to prevent a vote on Greek frontier claims against Bulgaria.

Politics and government
Republicans and southern Democrats in the United States attacked President Harry Truman's endorsement of Commerce Secretary Henry Wallace's speech the previous day in which he had criticized British "imperialism" and a "get tough" approach with the U.S.S.R. Mr. Wallace's critics claimed that President Truman had betrayed State Secretary James Byrnes, who was representing the United States at the Paris Peace Conference. Mr. Byrnes was reported to be "deeply disturbed" by the speech.

Agriculture
A UN Food and Agriculture Organization meeting in Copenhagen ended after passing a resolution supporting proposals for a world food board and an international price stabilization program.

Crime
U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation Director J. Edgar Hoover reported that juvenile crime in the United States through the first six months of 1946 had declined almost 3% from the first six months of 1945.

Economics and finance
The United Nations Subcommission on Economic Reconstruction of Devastated Areas adopted a final report, urging creation of an economic commission in Europe to supervise reconstruction.

Labour
About 300,000 civil servants in northern Italy ended their six-day strike after the government promised partial fulfillment of their demands for a 100% wage increase and price control enforcement.

Football
AAFC
Cleveland (2-0) 20 @ Chicago (0-1) 6
Brooklyn (1-1) 14 @ Los Angeles (1-0) 20

70 years ago
1951

At the movies
The Basketball Fix, directed by Felix Feist, and starring John Ireland, Marshall Thompson, and Vanessa Brown, opened in theatres.





Defense
The U.S.A., U.K., and France agreed on the terms of a "peace contract" with West Germany, permitting the West German government to raise troops for a Western European defense force and control its own affairs, with the Allies retaining power to intervene if necessary.

The U.S. Senate approved a $59.5-billion armed forces appropriation bill, $3.5 billion more than the House of Representatives approved.

The U.S. Air Force announced plans to activate a "guided missile squadron" of B-61 robot bombers at its test centre in Cocoa, Florida.

Politics and government
Former Iranian Prime Minister Said Zal de-Din Tabatabai revived the conservative Will Party to oppose the government of Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh.

Agriculture
Nobel Prize-winning agricultural chemist Arturi Virtanen told the International Conference of Pure and Applied Chemistry in New York that worldwide use of modern agricultural technology would produce enough food to support a world population of four billion.

Baseball
In a rarity, the St. Louis Cardinals played 2 games at home, but against different teams. The first game, to make up one that had been rained out, saw the Cardinals score 6 runs in the 2nd inning off starting pitcher Sal Maglie (20-6) to beat the New York Giants 6-4 before 4,160 fans at Sportsman's Park. Hank Schenz entered the game for New York in the 5th as a pinch runner for Wes Westrum and was stranded at second base in the 207th and last game of his 6-year major league career. The Boston Braves were the visitors for the second game, and Warren Spahn (20-12) pitched a 1-hitter and batted 2 for 3, singling home Walker Cooper with the game's second run in the 9th inning as the Braves won 2-0 before 4,706 fans. Losing pitcher Al Brazle (6-3) pitched a 9-hitter and singled for the Cardinals' only hit with 1 out in the 6th inning.

With 2 out and the bases empty in the bottom of the 10th inning, Dom DiMaggio tripled and scored on an infield single by Johnny Pesky to give the Boston Red Sox a 5-4 win over the St. Louis Browns before 5,281 fans at Fenway Park in Boston.

Vic Wertz's 3-run home run was the big blow of a 7-run 5th inning for the Detroit Tigers as they beat the New York Yankees 9-2 before 12,150 fans at Yankee Stadium. Mickey Mantle led off the bottom of the 1st with a home run for New York. Virgil Trucks (10-8) pitched a 7-hitter and singled home 2 runs in the 5th, winning over Ed Lopat (19-8).

Irv Noren reached second base on a throwing error by second baseman Bobby Avila to lead off the bottom of the 3rd inning and scored on a single by Mickey Vernon for the game's only run as the Washington Nationals edged the Cleveland Indians 1-0 before 15,219 fans at Griffith Stadium in Washington. Mr. Vernon batted 3 for 3 with a base on balls. Bob Porterfield (6-8) pitched a 3-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Bob Lemon (17-12), who allowed 10 hits.

60 years ago
1961

At the movies
The Flight that Disappeared, directed by Reginald LeBorg, and starring Craig Hill, Paula Raymond, and Dayton Lummis, opened in theatres.



The Devil's Hand, directed by William J. Hole, Jr., and starring Linda Christian, Robert Alda, Adriana Welter, and Neil Hamilton, opened in theatres.





Space
The United States launched Mercury-Atlas 4 from Cape Canaveral, Florida, an unmanned spacecraft that made one Earth orbit and landed 1 hour and 49 minutes later in the seas 161 miles east of Bermuda, where it was retrieved by the destroyer Decatur. It was the first test of the Mercury Tracking Network--a network of stations around the world used to track the progress of Mercury spacecraft in orbit--and the first successful orbital flight of Project Mercury. NASA declared that the mission was so successful that a man could have survived the mission.



50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Daddy Cool--Drummond (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Watashi no Jôkamachi--Rumiko Koyanagi (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Help (Get Me Some Help)--Tony Ronald (4th week at #1)

Died on this date
Lin Biao, 63. Chinese military leader. Lin Biao was a major Communist leader in the Chinese civil war in the 1940s, especially in northeastern China. He became prominent in politics after the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and was Chairman Mao Zedong's designated successor, but was killed in a plane crash in Mongolia after an apparent failed coup attempt against Chairman Mao. Lin Biao was subsequently denounced as a traitor by the Chinese Communist Party.

Protest
The four-day revolt of 1,200 inmates at the maximum security Attica Correctional Facility in Attica, New York ended when state police and National Guard officers stormed the prison. 43 people died in the incident.



Baseball
Frank Robinson of the Baltimore Orioles hit a home run in each game, the 499th and 500th homers of his major league career, as the Orioles split a doubleheader with the Detroit Tigers before 13,292 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, winning the first game 9-1 and losing the second game 10-5. His 500th homer was a 2-run blow against Fred Scherman with 2 out in the 9th inning. Jim Price flied out to left field as a pinch hitter for Detroit in the 9th inning of the first game, marking the 261st and last game of his 5-year major league career.

Stan Bahnsen (13-10) pitched a 3-hitter to outduel Sonny Siebert (16-10) as the New York Yankees shut out the Boston Red Sox 4-0 before 12,272 fans at Fenway Park in Boston.

Rick Reichardt drove in 5 runs with a pair of home runs and Rich Morales added a solo homer to help the Chicagop White Sox defeat the Milwaukee Brewers 6-3 before 4,417 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee. Bart Johnson (10-10) allowed 5 hits and 3 runs--2 earned--in 6.2 innings to win over Jim Slaton (9-7).

Rick Monday singled home Catfish Hunter from second base with 2 out in the top of the 11th inning to break a 1-1 tie as the Oakland Athletics edged the Kansas City Royals 2-1 before 12,638 fans at Municipal Stadium in Kansas City. The Royals had Ed Kirkpatrick on second base with 1 out in the bottom of the 11th, but pinch hitter Lou Piniella struck out and Freddie Patek made an out to third base to end the game. Mr. Hunter (20-11) allowed just 4 hits and 1 earned run in 10+ innings to win the pitchers' duel over Al Fitzmorris (6-4), who allowed 7 hits and 2 earned runs in 10.2 innings.

Mickey Rivers batted 3 for 4 with a double and 2 runs to help the California Angels defeat the Minnesota Twins 3-2 in the first game of a doubleheader before 6,065 fans at Anaheim Stadium. Rudy May (10-11) allowed 6 hits and 2 earned runs in 6+ innings to get the win over Pete Hamm (2-3), with Lloyd Allen allowing 1 hit in 3 scoreless innings of relief to earn his 13th save of the season. Steve Braun hit a home run with 1 out in the 4th inning for the game's only run as the Twins won the second game 1-0. Jim Kaat (12-12) pitched a 9-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Tom Murphy (16-15), who allowed just 5 hits in a complete game.

Willie Stargell led off the 7th inning with his 45th home run of the season to break a 0-0 tie as the Pittsburgh Pirates beat the Chicago Cubs 5-1 before 6,477 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Steve Blass (14-7) pitched a 6-hitter to win over Milt Pappas (17-13), who allowed 8 hits and 2 runs--both earned--in 7 innings.

Mike Jorgensen hit a 2-run home run as part of a 3-run 1st inning for the New York Mets as they beat the Montreal Expos 4-2 before 9,507 fans at Shea Stadium in New York in a game that was called because of rain after 5 innings. Ray Sadecki (7-6) pitched a 6-hitter to outduel Carl Morton (10-15).

With 2 out in the bottom of the 13th inning, Pete Rose on second base and Lee May on first, the runners attempted a double steal. Third baseman Gil Garrido was late reaching the base and the throw from catcher Earl Williams hit him, allowing Mr. Rose to score and give the Cincinnati Reds a 2-1 win over the Atlanta Braves before 7,144 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati.

Willie Montanez led off the 11th inning with his second home run of the game to break a 5-5 tie as the Philadelphia Phillies edged the St. Louis Cardinals 6-5 before 13,863 fans at Busch Memorial Stadium in St. Louis. Mr. Montanez batted 5 for 5 with a double, 3 runs, and 4 runs batted in.

With 2 out and nobody on base in the bottom of the 9th inning, Cesar Geronimo reached first base on an error by first baseman Nate Colbert, stole second base, and scored when third baseman Garry Jestadt made an error on a ground ball by Denis Menke, giving the Houston Astros a 3-2 win over the San Diego Padres before 7,476 fans at the Astrodome. The Astros had scored 2 runs with 2 out in the 8th to tie the score. Jim Ray (10-4), the last of three Houston pitchers, pitched a scoreless 9th inning to get the win over Clay Kirby (13-13), who allowed just 3 hits and 2 earned runs in a complete game.

Willie Davis hit a 2-run home run off relief pitcher Jim Barr with 2 out in the top of the 5th inning to provide the deciding runs for the Los Angeles Dodgers as they took a 5-1 lead and held on to defeat the San Francisco Giants 5-4 before 31,081 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco, moving to within 2 games of the National League East Division-leading Giants. Mr. Barr had just entered the game in relief of starter Juan Marichal, who was warned by home plate umpire Shag Crawford after throwing two pitches at Los Angeles pitcher Bill Singer after Mr. Singer had hit Willie Mays and Chris Speier with pitches, and was then ejected by Mr. Crawford after hitting Bill Buckner with a pitch. Mr. Buckner was ejected for charging the mound after being hit, and the benches emptied for a brawl. San Francisco relief pitcher Jerry Johnson, who was not playing, was ejected for making the choke sign at Mr. Crawford. Los Angeles shortstop Maury Wills was ejected by first base umpire Stan Landes for arguing that San Francisco batter Bobby Bonds had interfered with catcher Tom Haller's throw to first base. Mr. Singer (9-16) was the winning pitcher over Mr. Marichal (14-11).

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Celebration--Kool & The Gang (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Hold on Tight--Electric Light Orchestra

Television
The Primetime Emmy Awards for 1980-81 were presented at Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena, California. The police drama series Hill Street Blues led with 14 nominations and 6 awards.

Canadiana
The first annual Terry Fox Run to raise money for cancer research took place in cities across Canada. Mr. Fox, who had lost a leg to cancer, began running across the country in 1980 to raise money for cancer research, but had to give up the effort when the disease returned. He died on June 28, 1981 at the age of 22.

Football
CFL
Ottawa (4-6) 23 @ Toronto (0-10) 6
British Columbia (7-3) 21 @ Edmonton (8-1-1) 38

The Argonauts' loss to the Rough Riders at Exhibition Stadium was their last game under head coach Willie Wood, who was fired and replaced by Tommy Hudspeth. Mr. Wood had become the Argonauts' head coach in 1980 and had led them to a 6-10 record.

Warren Moon had injured an ankle in the Labour Day game in Hamilton 6 days earlier, so Tom Wilkinson started at quarterback for the Eskimos at Commonwealth Stadium. He was ineffective, and the Lions led 13-9 after 3 quarters before Mr. Moon entered the game and engineered a comeback. The final Edmonton touchdown was scored by defensive lineman James Parker when he recovered a fumble by Lions' quarterback Joe Paopao in the B.C. end zone. Wide receiver Tyron Gray played an outstanding game for the Lions, catching 9 passes for 270 yards and 2 touchdowns. It was the first game of a lengthy CFL career for B.C. offensive lineman Rob Smith.

30 years ago
1991

Died on this date
Joe Pasternak, 89. Hungarian-born U.S. movie producer. Mr. Pasternak had success in Germany and Austria before fleeing to the United States after the Nazis came to power in Germany. He was known for producing light musical comedies such as Three Smart Girls (1936). Mr. Pasternak died of Parkinson's disease six days before his 90th birthday.

Football
CIAU
Calgary 31 @ Alberta 6

Baseball
A 55-ton concrete beam crashed onto an empty public walkway at Olympic Stadium in Montreal, forcing the closure of the stadium for the rest of the baseball season, and forcing the Expos to play their remaining games on the road. Nobody was injured in the incident.

Joe Carter drove in a run for the Toronto Blue Jays in their 7-6 win over the Oakland Athletics before 50,315 fans at SkyDome in Toronto, becoming the first player in major league history to reach the 100-RBI plateau in 3 consecutive seasons while playing for a different team in each season. Mr. Carter was with the Cleveland Indians in 1989 and the San Diego Padres in 1990.

Mike Devereaux hit a 3-run home run in the bottom of the 8th inning to tie the score, and pinch hitter David Segui singled home Tim Hulett with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th to give the Baltimore Orioles a 5-4 win over the Cleveland Indians before 30,861 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore.

Michael Jackson walked Kurt Stilwell with the bases loaded and 2 out in the bottom of the 12th inning to force Todd Benzinger home with the winning run as the Kansas City Royals edged the Seattle Mariners 3-2 before 20,519 fans at Royals Stadium.

Kent Hrbek's 3-run home run climaxed a 4-run 10th inning as the Minnesota Twins beat the Texas Rangers 7-3 before 24,386 fans at Arlington Stadium.

Frank Thomas led off the top of the 6th inning with a double, advanced to third base on a ground out by Carlton Fisk, and scored on an infield single by Bo Jackson for the only run of the game as the Chicago White Sox edged the California Angels 1-0 before 42,990 fans at Anaheim Stadium. Jack McDowell (16-9) pitched a 4-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Jim Abbott (16-9), who allowed 6 hits. Both men pitched complete games.

Steve Buechele doubled home Bobby Bonilla and Barry Bonds with 2 out in the top of the 9th inning to break a 6-6 tie as the Pittsburgh Pirates overcame a 5-1 deficit and defeated the Philadelphia Phillies 8-6 before 29,107 fans at Veterans Stadium in Philadelphia.

Paul O'Neill batted 4 for 4 with a base on balls, 3 doubles, a home run, 2 runs, and 5 runs batted in to lead the Cincinnati Reds over the Houston Astros 13-2 before 22,205 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati.

Larry Walker led off the top of the 9th inning with a base on balls and scored on a single by Gil Reyes to break a 2-2 tie and gave the Montreal Expos a 3-2 win over the Chicago Cubs before 17,668 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Dennis Martinez (14-9) allowed 6 hits and 2 earned runs in 8 innings.

Howard Johnson drew a base on balls with 2 out and nobody on base in the top of the 10th inning and Kevin McReynolds followed with a home run to break a 2-2 tie as the New York Mets beat the St. Louis Cardinals 4-2 before 26,680 fans at Busch Memorial Stadium in St. Louis. Scott Terry relieved St. Louis starting pitcher Mark Clark with 2 out in the top of the 7th and retired Mr. Johnson for the final out of the inning; it was the 242nd and last game of Mr. Terry's 6-year major league career.

Benito Santiago batted 5 for 5 with a double, home run, 3 runs, and 5 runs batted in to lead the San Diego Padres over the San Francisco Giants 13-2 before 11,471 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Wannabe--Spice Girls (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): The Hurling Songs (EP)--The Wild Swans (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Tupac Shakur, 25. U.S. rapper. Mr. Shakur, born Lesane Parish Crooks, was a Negro thug who became one of the most popular and influential rappers in history. He died in typical rapper fashion, six days after being gunned down in a drive-by shooting.

Abominations
Roman Catholic Bishop Hubert O'Connor was sentenced to 2½ years in prison for sexual assaults he had committed 30 years earlier while he was principal of Williams Lake Indian residential school in British Columbia.

Football
CFL
Montreal (7-5) 25 @ Calgary (9-3) 23

The Alouettes were leading the Stampeders 25-2 in the 4th quarter before 19,196 fans at McMahon Stadium when backup Calgary quarterback Danny Barrett produced 3 touchdowns. The comeback ended when Mr. Barrett's pass to Dave Sapunjis from the Montreal 30-yard line was knocked down in the end zone.

20 years ago
2001

Terrorism
U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell named Osama bin Laden as the prime suspect in the September 11 terror attacks on the United States. Limited commercial flights resumed for the first time in two days.

Politics and government
Duncan Smith captured 61% of the vote on the first ballot to become the leader of the British Conservative Party, replacing William Hague.