November 21, 2010

390 years ago
1620

Politics and government
The Mayflower Compact, which provided the basis for all governments of the American colonies, was signed by 41 of the 100-102 pilgrims aboard the Mayflower. According to the Old Style of dating then in effect, the date on the document was November 11.

300 years ago
1710

Died on this date
Bernardo Pasquini, 72. Italian composer. Mr. Pasquini was an organist and teacher of harpsichord who wrote numerous operas, oratorios, and cantatas, as well as works for harpsichord.

170 years ago
1840

Born on this date
Victoria, Princess Royal. U.K. Royal Family member and Empress of Germany. Victoria, the eldest child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, was the wife of German Kaiser Frederick III and the mother of Wilhelm II. She died of breast cancer at the age of 60 on August 5, 1901, less than seven months after the death of her mother.

140 years ago
1870

Born on this date
Alexander Berkman. Russian-born anarchist and writer. Mr. Berkman, a native of what is now Lithuania, emigrated to New York in 1888, and became involved in the anarchist movement. In 1892 he attempted to assassinate businessman Henry Clay Frick, and spent 14 years in prison. Mr. Berkman was a lifelong friend and one-time lover of fellow anarchist Emma Goldman, and edited her journal Mother Earth, and his own journal, The Blast (1916-1917). They were both sentenced to two years in prison in 1917 for opposing military conscription, and were deported to Russia in 1919. The couple eventually became disenchanted with Soviet Russia, and left the country in December 1921. Mr. Berkman moved to Berlin and then to France, where he remained until committing suicide by shooting himself on June 28, 1936 at the age of 65.

110 years ago
1900

Baseball
American League President Ban Johnson announced that the AL, which had operated as a minor league in 1900, would expand to eastern cities and would operate as a major league in 1901.

100 years ago
1910

Journalism
The University of Alberta student newspaper The Gateway published its first edition.

Protest
Sailors aboard Brazil's warships, including the Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Bahia, violently rebelled in what became known as the Revolta da Chibata (Revolt of the Lash).

90 years ago
1920

War
On Bloody Sunday in Dublin, the Irish Republican Army assassinated 15 British intelligence agents and at least 2 civilians, and British forces responded by killing 14 civilians at a Gaelic football match at Croke Park.

Football
APFA
Canton (6-2-1) 3 @ Buffalo (7-1) 0
Dayton (5-1-2) 0 @ Akron (7-0-1) 13
Hammond (2-5) 7 @ Decatur (9-0-1) 28
Rochester Scalpers 0 @ Rochester (5-3-1) 16
Columbus (1-6-2) 0 @ Zanesville 0
Toledo 0 @ Cleveland (2-3-2) 14
Lansing 0 @ Chicago Cardinals (5-1-1) 14

Wisconsin professional
Menominee Professionals 7 @ Green Bay (7-1-1) 19

80 years ago
1930

At the movies
Min and Bill, directed by George Hill, and starring Marie Dressler and Wallace Beery, received its premiere screening in New York City.

70 years ago
1940

Married on this date
American novelist Ernest Hemingway and war correspondent Martha Gellhorn were wed by a justice of the peace in Cheyenne, Wyoming.

War
The Italian government announced the capture of British Air Marshal Owen Tudor Boyd when his plane, en route to Cairo, was forced down in Sicily.

World events
Nearly 1,800 Jewish immigrants who arrived in Palestine without legal status were being held on two ships, to be sent by British authorities to a British colony, since military interests precluded "illegal entry" into Palestine.

Removal of American women and children from the Netherlands East Indies was reported to be almost complete.

Defense
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt denied that the Norden bomb sight--America's best--had been released to the United Kingdom, but confirmed that the Sperry bomb sight had been released as more or less obsolete.

Economics and finance
The war budget introduced in the Australian House of Representatives showed that 20% of Australia's national income would be devoted to the war effort.

Labour
John L. Lewis resigned as President of the Congress of Industrial Organizations at the CIO's convention in Atlanta, as he said he would if Franklin D. Roosevelt were re-elected President of the United States. Mr. Lewis was replaced by Philip Murray. The convention, with only a few delegates refusing to vote, unanimously approved a resolution denouncing Nazism, Communism, and Fascism.

At the American Federation of Labor convention in New Orleans, International Ladies' Garment Workers Union President David Dubinsky engaged in a protracted fistfight with Joseph Fay, vice-president of the International Union of Operating Engineers.

A Gallup Poll reported a majority of voters questioned favoured more regulations of labour unions and fewer restrictions on business.

Football
AFL
New York (4-4) 16 @ Columbus (8-1-1) 17
Buffalo (1-8) 13 @ Milwaukee (7-2) 30

60 years ago
1950

On television tonight
Suspense, on CBS
Tonight's episode: The Death Cards, starring Francis L. Sullivan

War
U.S. troops reached the Manchurian border for the first time in the Korean War when the Army 7th Division captured Hyesanjin, a Yalu River town in northeastern Korea.

Defense
Canadian commander Harry Crerar was promoted to full General of the Canadian Army; he led the First Canadian Army in the invasion of France and commanded the field army throughout the north European campaign in World War II.

U.K. Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin told Parliament that British forces would remain in Sudan until the 1936 Anglo-Egyptian treaty was altered by "mutual consent."

Economics and finance
A four-week United Nations Tin Conference in Geneva ended without agreement on a proposed plan to stabilize the international tin market and prevent wide price fluctuations.

Disasters
Two Canadian National Railway trains collided near Valemount in northeastern British Columbia; the death toll was 21, with 17 of them Canadian soldiers bound for Korea.

50 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): It's Now or Never--Elvis Presley (6th week at #1)

#1 single in France (IFOP): Itsy Bitsy Petit Bikini--Dalida (3rd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Stay--Maurice Williams and the Zodiacs
2 Are You Lonesome To-night?--Elvis Presley
3 Poetry in Motion--Johnny Tillotson
4 Last Date--Floyd Cramer
5 Georgia on My Mind--Ray Charles
6 Let's Go, Let's Go, Let's Go--Hank Ballard and the Midnighters
7 A Thousand Stars--Kathy Young with the Innocents
8 New Orleans--U.S. Bonds
9 You Talk Too Much--Joe Jones
10 Save the Last Dance for Me--The Drifters

Singles entering the chart were Ruby (#64)/Hardhearted Hannah (#73) by Ray Charles; Gee Whiz by the Innocents (#67); Main Theme from Exodus (Ari's Theme) by Mantovani and his Orchestra (#71); Will You Love Me Tomorrow by the Shirelles (#87); Stranger from Durango by Richie Allen (#91); Corinna, Corinna by Ray Peterson (#96); Fallen Angel by Webb Pierce (#99); and Gloria's Theme by Adam Wade (#100).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Music Vendor)
1 Last Date--Floyd Cramer
--Lawrence Welk and his Orchestra
2 Poetry in Motion--Johnny Tillotson
3 New Orleans--U.S. Bonds
4 Stay--Maurice Williams and the Zodiacs
5 You Talk Too Much--Joe Jones
6 A Thousand Stars--Kathy Young with the Innocents
7 Save the Last Dance for Me--The Drifters
8 Are You Lonesome To-night?--Elvis Presley
9 Georgia on My Mind--Ray Charles
10 Many Tears Ago--Connie Francis

Space
Mercury-Redstone 1, an attempt to launch an unmanned Mercury spacecraft aboard a Redstone rocket, lasted just 2 seconds, with the rocket rising just 4 inches, when the engine shut down. The spacecraft's escape tower then launched and landed 400 yards away, and the drogue parachutes deployed as they would have with a splashdown. The problem was caused by plugs at the base of the Redstone pulling out in the wrong order. The spacecraft was reused aboard a different Redstone booster for Mercury-Redstone 1A on December 19, 1960.



40 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in Rhodesia (Lyons Maid): Lookin' Out My Back Door--Creedence Clearwater Revival

#1 single in France: Deux amis pour un amour--Johnny Hallyday (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Spring summer winter and fall--Aphrodite's Child (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): A Song of Joy--Miguel Ríos (8th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Voodoo Child--Jimi Hendrix Experience

Australia's Top 10 (Go-Set)
1 Lookin' Out My Back Door/Long as I Can See the Light--Creedence Clearwater Revival
2 (They Long to Be) Close to You--Carpenters
3 Yellow River--Autumn
--Jigsaw
--Christie
--Leapy Lee
4 Spill the Wine--Eric Burdon and War
5 Julie, Do Ya Love Me--Bobby Sherman
6 Cracklin' Rosie--Neil Diamond
7 In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry
--The Mixtures
8 Big Yellow Taxi--Joni Mitchell
9 Candida--Dawn
10 A Song of Joy--Miguel Rios

Singles entering the chart were Sunday Morning Coming Down by Johnny Cash (#42); Look What They've Done to My Song Ma by the New Seekers (#44); I Think I Love You by the Partridge Family (#46); I'll Be There by the Jackson 5 (#49); It Don't Matter to Me by Bread (#55); All I Have to Offer by Kamahl (#56); I Can't Let Go of Your Love by the Vibrants (#57); All of a Sudden by Matt Flinders (#58); and Green-Eyed Lady by Sugarloaf (#59).

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 To My Father's House--The Les Humphries Singers (6th week at #1)
2 Where Have I Been Wrong--The Cats
3 See Me, Feel Me--The Who
4 Paranoid--Black Sabbath
5 She Likes Weeds--Tee-Set
6 Memo from Turner--Mick Jagger
7 Cracklin' Rosie--Neil Diamond
8 I'm Your Little Boy--Heintje
9 My Way--Samantha Jones
10 Over and Over--George Baker Selection

Singles entering the chart were Hello Darkness by Shocking Blue (#13); Stop I Don't Wanna' Hear it Anymore by Melanie (#22); Victoria by Liesbeth List (#28); Comme J'ai Toujours Envie d' Aimer by Marc Hamilton (#30); After Midnight by Eric Clapton (#31); Movin' by the Mailer Mackenzie Band (#32); and Call Me Super Bad (Parts 1, 2 & 3) by James Brown (#36).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family
2 We've Only Just Begun--Carpenters
3 I'll Be There--The Jackson 5
4 The Tears of a Clown--Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
5 Fire and Rain--James Taylor
6 Indiana Wants Me--R. Dean Taylor
7 Green-Eyed Lady--Sugarloaf
8 Somebody's Been Sleeping--100 Proof Aged in Soul
9 Gypsy Woman--Brian Hyland
10 Montego Bay--Bobby Bloom

Singles entering the chart were One Man Band by Three Dog Night (#55); Can't Stop Loving You by Tom Jones (#62); Border Song (Holy Moses)/You and Me by Aretha Franklin (#74); Immigrant Song by Led Zeppelin (#83); All I Have by the Moments (#84); (Don't Worry) If There's a Hell Below We're All Going to Go by Curtis Mayfield (#87); Knock Three Times by Dawn (#90); Mr. Bojangles by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band (#92); Help Me Find a Way (To Say I Love You) by Little Anthony and the Imperials (#96); Where Have All Our Heroes Gone by Bill Anderson (#97); I Can't Get Next to You by Al Green (#98); Think About Your Children by Mary Hopkin (#99); and Sweet Sweetheart by Bobby Vee (#100).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family
2 I'll Be There--The Jackson 5
3 The Tears of a Clown--Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
4 Fire and Rain--James Taylor
5 Indiana Wants Me--R. Dean Taylor
6 Somebody's Been Sleeping--100 Proof Aged in Soul
7 Gypsy Woman--Brian Hyland
8 We've Only Just Begun--Carpenters
9 All Right Now--Free
10 Green-Eyed Lady--Sugarloaf

Singles entering the chart were If I were Your Woman by Gladys Knight & the Pips (#74); River Deep - Mountain High by the Supremes & Four Tops (#77); Your Song by Elton John (#82); Ace of Spade by O.V. Wright (#85); Immigrant Song by Led Zeppelin (#88); Silver Moon by Michael Nesmith & the First National Band (#91); Fifteen Years Ago by Conway Twitty (#94); I Gotta Let You Go by Martha Reeves & the Vandellas (#95); See the Light by the Flame (#96); Precious, Precious by Jackie Moore (#98); All I Have by the Moments (#99); and Something in You by Manitoba featuring Joe Dowen (#100).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family
2 Indiana Wants Me--R. Dean Taylor
3 Fire and Rain--James Taylor
4 We've Only Just Begun--Carpenters
5 The Tears of a Clown--Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
6 Somebody's Been Sleeping--100 Proof Aged in Soul
7 Cry Me a River--Joe Cocker
8 Gypsy Woman--Brian Hyland
9 Super Bad--James Brown
10 Montego Bay--Bobby Bloom

Singles entering the chart were Can't Stop Loving You by Tom Jones (#58); Knock Three Times by Dawn (#73); If I were Your Woman by Gladys Knight & the Pips (#77); Brush a Little Sunshine by Tommy Roe (#82); Silver Moon by Michael Nesmith & the First National Band (#88); All I Have by the Moments (#91); This is My Love Song by the Intruders (#93); Morning by Jim Ed Brown (#95); Precious, Precious by Jackie Moore (#97); and Can't Get Over Losing You by Donnie Elbert (#98).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family
2 Fire and Rain--James Taylor
3 We've Only Just Begun--Carpenters
4 Green-Eyed Lady--Sugarloaf
5 Gypsy Woman--Brian Hyland
6 It Don't Matter to Me--Bread
7 See Me, Feel Me--The Who
8 The Tears of a Clown--Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
9 Share the Land--The Guess Who
10 Heed the Call--Kenny Rogers and the First Edition

Singles entering the chart were Can't Stop Loving You by Tom Jones (#61); Sing High, Sing Low by Anne Murray (#64); Knock Three Times by Dawn (#76); Immigrant Song by Led Zeppelin (#83); Most of All by B.J. Thomas (#92); Games by Redeye (#94); Water Colour Days by Bobby Goldsboro (#95); Your Song by Elton John (#96); Brush a Little Sunshine by Tommy Roe (#97); and Something by Shirley Bassey (#100).

Calgary's Top 10 (Glenn's Music)
1 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family
2 I'll Be There--The Jackson 5
3 Lola--The Kinks
4 Green-Eyed Lady--Sugarloaf
5 See Me, Feel Me--The Who
6 Fly Little White Dove, Fly--The Bells
7 It's Only Make Believe--Glen Campbell
8 Burning Bridges--The Mike Curb Congregation
9 Share the Land--The Guess Who
10 Heed the Call--Kenny Rogers and the First Edition
Pick hit of the week: I Believe in Sunshine--Madrigal

Died on this date
Newsy Lalonde, 83. Canadian lacrosse and hockey player. Édouard Cyrille Lalonde, a native of Cornwall, Ontario, played goal and then forward with eight professional lacrosse clubs (1905-1924), mainly in Montreal and Vancouver, scoring 363 goals in 205 games, playing on three Minto Cup championship teams (1911, 1918, 1920). He was named by a panel of journalists in 1950 as the best Canadian lacrosse player of the first half of the 20th century, and was a charter member of the Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame in 1965. Mr. Lalonde is best known today for his hockey achievements as a centre with the Montreal Canadiens (1909-11, 1912-22); Renfrew Creamery Kings (1909-10); Vancouver Millionaires (1911-12); Saskatoon Crescents/Sheiks (1922-26); and New York Americans (1926), with combined totals of 363 goals and 68 assists in 297 regular season games and 16 goals and 4 assists in 13 playoff games. He coached the Canadiens (1915-21, 1932-35); Americans (1926-27); and Ottawa Senators (1929-31), compiling a regular season record of 144-167-28, leading the Canadiens to their first Stanley Cup in 1916 and the National Hockey League championship in 1919. Mr. Lalonde was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1950.

C. V. Raman, 82. Indian physicist. Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, with his student K.S. Krishnan, discovered in 1928 that when light traverses a transparent material, some of the deflected light change wavelength and amplitude. He was awarded the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him." Sir C.V. died four days after suffering a heart attack.

War
In Operation Ivory Coast, 50 U.S. Green Berets helicoptered into and around the Sontay prisoner of war camp, 23 miles from Hanoi, in an attempt to rescue 50-100 of their comrades, only to find that the captives had been evacuated. After a battle in which one U.S. soldier was wounded and an estimated 25 guards were killed, all the Green Berets returned to their 10 craft and then back to their base in Thailand. While returning to their base, the commandos rescued a pilot who had been shot down while flying cover for their mission. In diversionary tactics, F-105s flying escort for their rescue helicopters broke away and attacked antiaircraft and troop sites near the camp. Bombing of North Vietnam intensified.

U.S. war casualties for the week numbered 65 dead--the highest total in 11 weeks--and 335 wounded, many of them injured by booby traps and mines. South Vietnamese casualties were 267 dead and 626 wounded, while North Vietnamese and Viet Cong dead numbered 1,073. U.S. Command in Saigon said that air strikes during the last week possibly set the Communist supply timetable by months.

Football
CFL
Eastern Finals
Montreal 11 @ Hamilton 4 (Montreal won 2-game total points series 43-26)

The Alouettes intercepted 5 Hamilton passes and were successful in protecting and extending the lead that they carried into the game. Montreal quarterback Sonny Wade, who also doubled as the team’s punter, punted 70 yards for a single on the last play of the 1st quarter to give the Alouettes a 1-0 lead. The Tiger-Cats responded with a 53-yard gain on a pass from Wally Gabler to Gord Christian from the Hamilton 45-yard line to the Montreal 12. The Montreal defense held, and Tommy-Joe Coffey kicked a 13-yard field goal to give the Tiger-Cats a 3-1 lead. Hamilton increased its lead to 4-1--reducing Montreal’s lead in the series to 33-26--a few minutes later on a 70-yard punt single by Joe Zuger, who backed up Mr. Gabler at quarterback. The Alouettes scored the game’s only touchdown late in the 2nd quarter when Bobby Lee Thompson made his second interception of the game and then Hamilton defensive back John Williams was called for pass interference against Garry Lefebvre at the Tiger-Cats’ 2-yard line. Moses Denson rushed in from 3 yards for the touchdown and George Springate converted to give the Alouettes an 8-4 halftime lead. The Alouettes added a single in the 3rd quarter and scored a safety touch in the 4th quarter when Mike Widger sacked Mr. Zuger in the Hamilton end zone. Mr. Wade completed 12 of 26 passes for 163 yards and gave up an interception to defensive tackle John Barrow--playing the last game of a 14-year Hall of Fame career--who returned the ball 10 yards. Mr. Gabler completed just 12 of 29 passes for 199 yards; Larry Fairholm was the other Montreal player to make an interception off Mr. Gabler. Mr. Zuger completed 1 of 4 passes for 9 yards and gave up interceptions to Al Phaneuf and Mark Kosmos. Moses Denson led all rushers with 60 yards on 13 carries, while Bruce Van Ness added 31 on 10 carries. Mr. Gabler led the Tiger-Cats with 42 yards rushing. Mr. Lefebvre led all receivers with 73 yards on 4 receptions, and teammate Peter Dalla Riva caught 2 passes for 40. Dave Fleming led the Tiger-Cats with 62 yards on 4 receptions, while Garney Henley, who had caught just 3 passes during the regular season while being a full-time defensive back, caught 4 passes for 49 yards. Mr. Wade punted 13 times for a 47-yard average, while Mr. Zuger punted 10 times for a 44-yard average. Mr. Lefebvre and Mr. Williams had a running battle throughout the game which culminated in a fight early in the 4th quarter and the ejection of both players. 24,270 fans were in attendance at Civic Stadium in the last game played there under that name; in 1971 it was renamed Ivor Wynne Stadium.

CIAU
Canadian College Bowl @ Varsity Stadium, Toronto
Manitoba 38 Ottawa 11

Manitoba quarterback Bob Kraemer completed touchdown passes of 3 yards to Henry Lodewyks and 4 yards to Kim Ziola and rushed 1 yard for a touchdown of his own to lead the Bisons as they captured the Vanier Cup for the second straight year. Mike Shylo rushed 3 yards for a touchdown and Dennis Hrycaiko added another on a 29-yard run as Manitoba amassed 280 yards rushing for the game. Walt McKee was successful on 3 of 4 convert attempts and added a 36-yard field goal; the Bisons were unsuccessful on a 2-point convert attempt. The Bisons also scored a safety touch in the 4th quarter. Claudio Valle kicked a 13-yard field goal in the 2nd quarter for the Gee-Gees, who didn’t hit the scoreboard again until the 4th quarter, when, on the first play after conceding a safety touch, Ottawa quarterback Paul Paddon, the 1970 winner of the Hec Crighton Trophy as the most outstanding player in Canadian university football, connected with Michel Leveille for an 85-yard touchdown pass and completed a pass to Greg Moses for a 2-point convert.

30 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Master Blaster (Jammin')--Stevie Wonder (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (IFOP): Amoureux solitaires (Dis-moi que tu m'aimes)--Lio (6th week at #1)

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Man on the Moon--Ballyhoo
2 Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
3 Upside Down--Diana Ross
4 Another One Bites the Dust--Queen
5 The Winner Takes it All--ABBA
6 Rock Hard--Suzi Quatro
7 Fame--Irene Cara
8 Emotional Rescue--The Rolling Stones
9 The Drunken Sailor--Babe
10 Shouldn't Fall in Love--City Limits

The only single entering the chart was Don't Stand So Close to Me by the Police (#18).

On television tonight
Dallas, on CBS
Tonight's episode: Who Done It

This was the episode in which it was revealed who had shot J.R. Ewing in the final episode of the previous season. I was so disappointed by this episode that I never watched Dallas again.



Disasters
A fire at the MGM Grand Hotel in Las Vegas killed 84 people and injured more than 500.

28 people were killed near Lamezia Terme, Italy when two passenger trains and the uncoupled cars of a freight train were involved in a crash.

25 years ago
1985

On television tonight
The Twilight Zone, on CITV
Tonight’s episode: Dead Woman’s Shoes, starring Helen Mirren; Wong’s Lost and Found Emporium, starring Brian Tochi

Diplomacy
U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev concluded their summit in Geneva, meeting without advisers. They spoke of the world being a "safer place," but reached no agreement regarding the U.S. anti-missile Strategic Defense Initiative.

The Irish Dail voted 88-75 to approve the November 15 agreement with the U.K. giving the Republic of Ireland a formal consultative role in the governing of Northern Ireland.

Crime
Jonathan Pollard, an analyst for the U.S. Naval Intelligence Service, was charged with selling classified information to Israel.

20 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): No Coke--Dr. Alban

Died on this date
Dean Hart, 36. Canadian wrestler and referee. Mr. Hart was a son of legendary Calgary professional wrestling patriarch Stu Hart, and wrestled professionally in the 1970s and '80s before becoming a referee. He died of Bright's disease.

Diplomacy
The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe concluded in Paris with the various national leaders signing the Charter of Paris for a New Europe, which declared an end to "the era of confrontation and division in Europe" and pledged a "new era of democracy, peace and unity." The agreement marked an official end to the Cold War.

Scandal
In New York District Court, Judge Kimba Wood sentenced Michael Milken, a former employee of Drexel Burnham Lambert, Incorporated to 10 years in prison for securities fraud. Mr. Milken had helped to facilitate the corporate takeover boom of the 1980s through the promotion of high-risk, high-yield securities known as "junk bonds." He had pleaded guilty in April 1990 to six felony counts of fraud and agreed to pay fines and restitution totalling $600 million. Judge Wood said a prison term was necessary to deter others in the financial industry from engaging in similar practices.

10 years ago
2000

Politics and government
Peru’s Congress voted 62-9 to reject the previous day’s resignation of President Alberto Fujimori and instead approved a motion to remove him from office. He faced a possible investigation for corruption and rights abuses.

Communications
Anik F1, Canada's most powerful communications satellite to date, was launched aboard an Ariane rocket from Kourou, French Guiana.