January 18, 2015

590 years ago
1425

Died on this date
Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, 7th Earl of Ulster, 33. English nobleman. Sir Edmund, a great-great-grandson of King Edward III, was heir presumptive to King Richard II of England when King Richard was deposed in favour of King Henry IV. Sir Edmund unsuccessfully rebelled against Henry IV, but was loyal to Kings Henry V and Henry VI. When Henry VI acceded to the throne as an infant in 1422, Sir Edmund was appointed to the Regency Council, and in 1423 was appointed the King's lieutenant in Ireland. He remained in England while exercising his authority at first, but was sent to Ireland in the fall of 1424, and died there from the plague.

220 years ago
1795

World events
The Batavian Revolution took place as William V, Prince of Orange, stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, fled the country, and power in Amsterdam was transferred to a Revolutionary Committee of the new Batavian Republic.

125 years ago
1890

Died on this date
Amadeo I, 44. King of Spain, 1870-1873. Amadeo I, the second son of King Vittorio Emanuele II of Italy, was elected King of Spain by the Cortes following the deposition of Queen Isabella II. In the midst of growing republican sentiment, King Amadeo abdicated, resulting in the declaration of the short-lived First Spanish Republic. He resumed his title Duke of Aosta, and died of pneumonia.

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
Syl Apps. Canadian hockey player and politician. Mr. Apps won the gold medal in the pole vault competition at the 1934 British Empire Games in London and finished sixth in the competition at the Summer Olympic Games in Berlin two years later. He played football at McMaster University, but was best known as a hockey player, playing centre with the Toronto Maple Leafs from 1936-1943 and 1945-48. Mr. Apps scored 201 goals and 231 assists in 423 regular season NHL games, and 25 goals and 29 assists in 67 playoff games. He helped the Maple Leafs win Stanley Cups in 1942, 1947, and 1948. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1961 and Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1975. Mr. Apps was a Member of the Provincial Parliament of Ontario as a Progressive Conservative from 1963-1975, and was Minister of Correctional Services fro 1971-1974. He died of a heart attack on December 24, 1998 at the age of 83.

Diplomacy
Japan presented the "Twenty-One Demands" to Republic of China leader General Yuan Shikai in a bid to increase Japan's power in East Asia.

80 years ago
1935

At the movies
David Copperfield, directed by George Cukor, and starring Freddie Bartholomew, W.C. Fields, Lionel Barrymore, Basil Rathbone, and Roland Young, opened in theatres.

75 years ago
1940

War
The Ontario Provincial Parliament, led by Premier Mitchell Hepburn, condemned the federal government of Prime Minister Mackenzie King for the manner in which Canada's war effort was being prosecuted, giving Mr. King an excuse to ask Governor General Lord Tweedsmuir to dissolve Parliament and call a federal election. Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay declined to participate in a proposed Latin American protest to the U.S.S.R. over its invasion of Finland. Chinese forces claimed to be within 10 miles of Canton.

Politics and government
Maury Hughes, co-chairman of the Garner for President campaign, announced that a nationwide campaign for delegates would be conducted. John Nance "Cactus Jack" Garner was Vice President of the United States, having held the office under President Franklin D. Roosevelt since 1933.

70 years ago
1945

War
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill told the House of Commons that the Allies still insisted on unconditional surrender on the part of the Axis enemies. Berlin radio reported that Soviet troops had reached the German Silesian border. The Budapest ghetto was liberated by the Soviet Red Army. U.S. forces on the Philippine island of Luzon expanded inland from their beachhead, taking the town of Urdaneta, an important road centre. Japanese forces launched an attack at both ends of the Canton-Hankow railroad.

Terrorism
A military tribunal in Cairo pronounced death sentences for Eliahu Hakim and Eliahu Bet-Tsouri, Jews from Palestine, for the 1944 assassination of Lord Moyne, British resident minister in the Middle East.

Economics and finance
The U.S. War Production Board reported that U.S. war expenditures in 1944 had totalled $94.174 billion, an increase of 7.1% over 1943.

The U.S. government filed suit in Newark, New Jersey against General Electric, charging conspiracy with foreign manufacturers, including German and Japanese concerns, to divide world markets for electrical goods.

Labour
The U.S. National War Labor Board ruled that an employee who left his regular job for another at the request or order of the WMC accumulated seniority in his original job as though he had never left it.

60 years ago
1955

War
In the Chinese Civil War, the Battle of Yijiangshan Islands began.

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Ce Monde--Richard Anthony

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): The Hucklebuck--Brendan Bowyer

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 I'll Be There--Gerry and the Pacemakers
2 As Tears Go By--Marianne Faithfull
3 Downtown--Petula Clark
4 The Jerk--The Larks
5 You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers
6 Love Potion No. 9--The Searchers
7 Dance, Dance, Dance--The Beach Boys
8 If You Don't Want My Love--Jack London
9 So Many Other Boys--The Esquires
10 Amen--The Impressions

Singles entering the chart were Use Your Head by Mary Wells (#25); The "In" Crowd by Dobie Gray (#28); Hold What You've Got by Joe Tex (#32); I'll Come Running by Lulu (#33); Sometimes I Wonder by Major Lance (#34); Paper Tiger by Sue Thompson (#35); Run, Run, Run by the Gestures (#36); I Understand by Freddie and the Dreamers (#37); and Tell Her No by the Zombies (#40). No Reply by the Beatles, a track from the album Beatles '65, charted at #39.

On television tonight
The Alfred Hitchcock Hour, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Final Performance, starring Franchot Tone, Sharon Farrell, and Roger Perry

Music
The Beach Boys were at Western Recording Studios in Hollywood, California, where they began recording the song I'm So Young.

Politics and government
John T. Connor replaced Luther Hodges as United States Secretary of Commerce.

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): E la vita, la vita--Cochi e Renato (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (Veronica Top 40): I Can Help--Billy Swan (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K.: Down Down--Status Quo

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Mandy--Barry Manilow

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Mandy--Barry Manilow
2 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
3 Laughter in the Rain--Neil Sedaka
4 You're the First, the Last, My Everything--Barry White
5 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
6 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
7 Only You--Ringo Starr
8 One Man Woman/One Woman Man--Paul Anka with Odia Coates
9 Never Can Say Goodbye--Gloria Gaynor
10 Morning Side of the Mountain--Donny and Marie Osmond

Singles entering the chart were I am Love (Parts 1 and 2) by the Jackson 5 (#74); Movin' On by Bad Company (#76); Sally G by Paul McCartney & Wings (#90); I Get Lifted by George McCrae (#92); You are So Beautiful by Joe Cocker (#94); The South's Gonna Do It by the Charlie Daniels Band (#95); Good Times, Rock and Roll by Flash Cadillac and the Continental Kids (#96); Sad Sweet Dreamer by Sweet Sensation (#97); Wolfman Jack by Todd Rundgren (#98); and Shame, Shame, Shame by Shirley (and Company) (#99). Sally G was the B-side of Junior's Farm, charting at #20.

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John (2nd week at #1)
2 Laughter in the Rain--Neil Sedaka
3 Cat's in the Cradle--Harry Chapin
4 Kung Fu Fighting--Carl Douglas
5 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
6 Angie Baby--Helen Reddy
7 Do It (Til' You're Satisfied)--B.T. Express
8 When Will I See You Again--The Three Degrees
9 Morning Side of the Mountain--Donny and Marie Osmond
10 My Melody of Love--Bobby Vinton

Singles entering the chart were Roll on Down the Highway by Bachman-Turner Overdrive (#81); Big Yellow Taxi by Joni Mitchell (#82); #9 Dream by John Lennon (#83); I'm a Woman by Maria Muldaur (#84); As Long as He Takes Care of Home by Candi Staton (#86); Baby Hang Up the Phone by Carl Graves (#87); A Woman's Story by Cher (#88); Ain't That Peculiar by Diamond Reo (#89); Ding Dong, Ding Dong by George Harrison (#91); Sally G by Paul McCartney & Wings (#93); Midnight Sky by the Isley Brothers (#94); Love Me the Way that You Do by Michal Hasek (#95); I Wouldn't Treat a Dog (The Way You Treated Me) by Bobby Bland (#96); Rocky Mountain Boy by J.C. Stone (#97); Safe at Home by the Souther, Hillman, Furay Band (#98); It's All Right by Jim Capaldi (#99); and Mother Earth by Ian Thomas (#100).

Winnipeg's Top 30 (CFRW)
1 Junior's Farm--Paul McCartney & Wings
2 Kung Fu Fighting--Carl Douglas
3 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
4 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
5 One Man Woman/One Woman Man--Paul Anka with Odia Coates
6 Mandy--Barry Manilow
7 Only You--Ringo Starr
8 When Will I See You Again--The Three Degrees
9 Laughter in the Rain--Neil Sedaka
10 Changes--David Bowie
11 Angie Baby--Helen Reddy
12 Fairytale--The Pointer Sisters
13 Morning Side of the Mountain--Donny and Marie Osmond
14 Dream On--The Righteous Brothers
15 I Can Help--Billy Swan
16 Bungle in the Jungle--Jethro Tull
17 You're the First, the Last, My Everything--Barry White
18 Never Can Say Goodbye--Gloria Gaynor
19 Some Kind of Wonderful--Grand Funk
20 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
21 My Melody of Love--Bobby Vinton
22 Cat's in the Cradle--Harry Chapin
23 Doctor's Orders--Carol Douglas
24 Fire, Baby I'm on Fire--Andy Kim
25 Ain't Too Proud to Beg--Rolling Stones
26 Lonely People--America
27 Have You Never Been Mellow--Olivia Newton-John
28 You're No Good--Linda Ronstadt
29 You Beat Me to the Punch--Charity Brown
30 Get Dancin'--Disco Tex and the Sex-O-Lettes

Winnipeg's Top 30 (CKRC)
1 Mandy--Barry Manilow
2 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
3 Kung Fu Fighting--Carl Douglas
4 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
5 One Man Woman/One Woman Man--Paul Anka with Odia Coates
6 Cat's in the Cradle--Harry Chapin
7 Morning Side of the Mountain--Donny and Marie Osmond
8 Bungle in the Jungle--Jethro Tull
9 Laughter in the Rain--Neil Sedaka
10 Angie Baby--Helen Reddy
11 Junior's Farm--Paul McCartney & Wings
12 You're the First, the Last, My Everything--Barry White
13 Never Can Say Goodbye--Gloria Gaynor
14 You're No Good--Linda Ronstadt
15 When Will I See You Again--The Three Degrees
16 Dancin' Fool--The Guess Who
17 Some Kind of Wonderful--Grand Funk
18 Only You--Ringo Starr
19 My Eyes Adored You--Frankie Valli
20 Sha La La (Make Me Happy)--Al Green
21 You Beat Me to the Punch--Charity Brown
22 My Melody of Love--Bobby Vinton
23 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
24 Doctor's Orders--Carol Douglas
25 Lady Ellen--James Leroy
26 Best of My Love--The Eagles
27 Fairytale--The Pointer Sisters
28 Ride 'Em Cowboy--Paul Davis
24 I Can Help--Billy Swan
29 Lady--Styx
30 Roll on Down the Highway--Bachman-Turner Overdrive

Calgary's Top 10
1 Kung Fu Fighting--Carl Douglas (4th week at #1)
2 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
3 I Can Help--Billy Swan
4 When Will I See You Again--The Three Degrees
5 Crazy Talk--Chilliwack
6 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
7 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
8 Junior's Farm--Paul McCartney & Wings
9 Longfellow Serenade--Neil Diamond
10 Angie Baby--Helen Reddy
Pick hit of the week: Bungle in the Jungle--Jethro Tull

Died on this date
Alvarado Pineda, 29. Mexican-born U.S. jockey. Mr. Pineda was killed at Santa Anita, California when his horse reared in the starting gate, causing Mr. Pineda's head to strike a metal bar. He had won 419 races in 1969 and 329 in 1970, ranking second in the United States in both years.

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 5 @ Montreal 3

Dave "Tiger" Williams scored his first NHL goal with 8:20 remaining in the game to lift the Maple Leafs into a 3-3 tie, and Bob Neely scored his 2nd of the season 45 seconds later as the Maple Leafs defeated the Canadiens before 17,278 fans at the Montreal Forum in the national Hockey Night in Canada telecast. Norm Ullman opened the scoring for Toronto, and Bill Flett added 2 goals, including the last one into an empty net with 32 seconds left. Steve Shutt, Murray Wilson, and Pete Mahovlich scored for Montreal. The loss snapped the Canadiens' unbeaten streak at 21 games, 2 short of the record set by the Boston Bruins in 1940-41.

WHA
Michigan 1 @ Cleveland 2

Gerry Pinder and Jim Harrison scored scored within a 2 minute-6 second span in the 2nd period to give the Crusaders the win over the Stags before 6,734 fans at Cleveland Arena in the last game the Stags played before moving to Baltimore five days later to become the Blades. Bill Evo opened the scoring for Michigan at 2:12 of the 2nd period. The Stags were fifth and last in the West Division with a record of 13-27-3.

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): One Night in Bangkok--Murray Head

#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Wilfrid Brambell, 72. Irish-born U.K. actor. Mr. Brambell was best known for co-starring in the television comedy series Steptoe and Son (1962-1965; 1970-1974) and for playing Paul McCartney's grandfather in the movie A Hard Day's Night (1964).

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Letkautus--Lättykettu & Tehosekoittajat

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Hangin' Tough--New Kids on the Block

Died on this date
Rusty Hamer, 42. U.S. actor. Mr. Hamer played Rusty Williams in the television comedy series Make Room for Daddy/The Danny Thomas Show (1953-1964) and Make Room for Granddaddy (1970-1971). Like many child actors, he had trouble finding work when he grew up, and committed suicide by shooting himself.

Melanie Appleby, 23. U.K. singer. Miss Appleby and her sister Kim comprised the duo Mel and Kim, who achieved success in the late 1980s. Their single Respectable (1987) reached #1 in Britain and at least seven other countries. Mel Appleby fought a battle with cancer for several years, and chemotherapy so weakened her immune system that a cold developed into pneumonia that proved fatal.

Crime
The longest and costliest trial in American history concluded in Los Angeles when Peggy McMartin Buckey and her son Raymond Buckey were acquitted on 52 counts of child molestation and conspiracy. The jury was deadlocked on one remaining count against Mrs. Buckey and on 13 counts against her son. The trial lasted 33 months, filled 60,000 pages of transcript, and cost the state of California about $15 million. Based on accounts by young children, seven people had originally been indicted on child molestation charges--incidents that had allegedly occurred at the McMartin Pre-School in Manhattan Beach. Charges against the other five defendants had been dropped for lack of evidence. Raymond Buckey had spent 5 years in jail and his mother 22 months in jail. Some jurors who were interviewed after the verdict said that they had reservations about the technique used to interview children who may have been molested, especially the practice of asking them leading questions. The remaining count against Mrs. Buckey was dismissed, while a mistrial was declared on the remaining counts against David Buckey. The case took place during the era (approximately 1988-1992) of "Satanic panic," when sensationalistic media figures such as Geraldo Rivera and Bob Larson and "Christian" psychotherapists such as Richard Fluornoy were promoting the idea that there was an epidemic of satanic ritual abuse. The McMartin case helped to turn the light on "False Memory Syndrome," where alleged victims have memories planted in them by unethical psychotherapists and then recall events that couldn’t possibly have happened.

Scandal
Washington, D.C. Mayor Marion Barry was arrested by city police and FBI agents on a drug charge. According to reports, law enforcement officials used a former model and friend of Mr. Barry’s to lure him to the Vista International Hotel in downtown Washington. There, according to the FBI, Mr. Barry bought a small amount of crack cocaine from an undercover agent, put it in a pipe, and smoked it. The incident was videotaped, and Mr. Barry was arrested.

It was reported that Todor Zhivkov, former Communist Party leader of Bulgaria, had been put under house arrest on charges of malfeasance in office and misuse of government property and money.

Society
U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Louis Sullivan criticized a plan by R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company to test-market a new cigarette brand, Uptown, to Negro Americans in Philadelphia. Mr. Sullivan, speaking to medical students at the University of Pennsylvania, said, "At a time when our people desperately need the message of health promotion, Uptown’s message is more disease, more suffering, and more death..." Surveys had found that smoking was more common among Negroes than whites.

Health
This day’s issue of the New England Journal of Medicine reported that Harvard University researchers had conducted a study that failed to show that oat bran had any special ability to lower blood serum cholesterol levels. Based on the study of 20 adults, the researchers concluded that bran or any other starchy carbohydrate was beneficial primarily because people who ate it tended to eat less high-fat food. Manufacturers of oat bran products said the Harvard study sample was too small to be accepted. The oat bran fad had caught on after a previous study had shown that it lowered cholesterol.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that consumer prices had risen 4.6% in 1989, the highest rate since 1981.

The Bank of Canada allowed its trend-setting interest rate to drop 0.29%. The decline was attributed to speculation in the money markets that Bank of Canada Governor John Crow intended to let interest rates fall, reducing the large spread between Canadian and American rates.

20 years ago
1995

Died on this date
Adolf Butenandt, 91. German chemist. Dr. Butenandt was awarded a share of the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on sex hormones."

Charles Baskerville, 58. U.S. singer. Mr. Baskerville was a member of the doo-wop pop trio Shep and the Limelites, whose single Daddy's Home reached #2 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in 1961. Mr. Baskerville later sang with the Players and the Drifters.

Ron Luciano, 57. U.S. football player and baseball umpire. Mr. Luciano played tackle with Syracuse University in the late 1950s and was drafted by the Detroit Lions of the NFL, but a serious shoulder injury suffered in the 1959 College All-Star Game and a later knee injury hastened the end of his career. He became a baseball umpire in the minor professional leagues and worked his way to the majors, umpiring in the American League from 1969-1979. Mr. Luciano was known for his flamboyant style of making calls, especially for multiple fist pumps after a player was thrown out on an outstanding defensive play. Mr. Luciano's antics tended to obscure the fact that he was an excellent umpire for most of his career. Eventually the showmanship appeared to take precedence over the umpiring, but Mr. Luciano knew when to retire. He was a colour commentator on the NBC Game of the Week in the early 1980s, but was not very good at it; he achieved greater success as author of five books about his baseball experiences. Mr. Luciano embodied the cliche of the clown who was laughing on the outside but crying on the inside; apparently suffering from depression for many years, he committed suicide by closing his garage door and pumping carbon monoxide into his car as he sat inside.

Archaeology
French Culture Minister Jacques Toubon announced the discovery several weeks earlier of four halls, containing 300 images, of Paleolithic cave art in the Ardeche region of southern France. The halls measured as much as 70 yards long and 40 yards wide, and the images were up to 12 feet long. The paintings, done in Yellow ochre, charcoal, and hematite, were of rhinos, bears, mammoths, oxen, and other animals. Skulls and bones of bears, knives, and remains of fireplaces were also found in the cave.

War
Russian President Boris Yeltsin said that he would not negotiate with Dzhokhan Dudayev, President of the rebel republic of Chechnya.

Politics and government
Lamberto Dini, who had served as Treasury Minister in the Italian government of Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi in 1994, took office as Prime Minister, five days after being asked by President Oscar Scalfaro to form a new government.

Crime
In the Los Angeles murder trial of former U.S. football star O.J. Simpson, Judge Lance Ito replaced 2 jurors with alternates, leaving a jury of 8 Negroes, 2 whites, 1 hispanic, and 1 other identified as half-white and half Native American.

10 years ago
2005

Aviation
The Airbus A380, the world's largest commercial jet, with a capacity of 800 passengers, was unveiled at a ceremony in Toulouse, France.