December 30, 2021

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Gladys Lucy Pomazongo Levano!

430 years ago
1591

Died on this date
Innocent IX. Roman Catholic Pope, 1591. Innocent IX, born Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti, became a priest in 1544 and was made a cardinal in 1583. He succeeded Gregory XIV on thee papal throne, and was crowned on November 3, 1591. He died after less than two months in office, and was succeeded by Clement VIII.

180 years ago
1841

Died on this date
Vitus Bering, 60. Danish explorer. Commander Bering was a cartographer served in the Russian Navy and led the First Kamchatka Expedition (1725-1731), which explored the Asian Pacific Coast, and the Great Northern Expedition (1733-1743), which explored the Arctic coast of Siberia and parts of the North American coastline. He died of scurvy on an uninhabited island, later named in his honour, near the Kamchatka Peninsula. The Bering Strait and Bering Sea are among the things named in Commander Bering's honour.

170 years ago
1851

Born on this date
Asa Candler. U.S. businessman and politician. Mr. Candler founded the Coca-Cola Company in 1892, and managed the company until 1917, when he took office as Mayor of Atlanta, serving until 1919. He died on March 12, 1929 at the age of 77, three years after suffering a stroke.

160 years ago
1861

Defense
As a result of the "Trent Affair" (the seizure of two Confederate diplomats from a British vessel on the high seas), 6,000 British troops from the 62nd Wiltshire Regiment landed at St. Andrews, New Brunswick with orders to march overland to Canada to defend against a possible American invasion.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Tom Keene. U.S. actor. Mr. Keene, whose real name was George Duryea, also acted under the name Richard Powers. He appeared in more than 120 movies and television programs, mainly low-budget Westerns. Mr. Keene's movies included Our Daily Bread (1934) and Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959). He died of cancer on August 4, 1963 at the age of 66.

Died on this date
José Rizal, 35. Filipino writer and polymath. Dr. Rizal, an ophthalmologist by profession, was a Philippine nationalist who was a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain. His writings were blamed by Spanish authorities for helping to incite the Philippine Revolution in 1896. While en route to Cuba via Spain to minister to victims of yellow fever. Dr. Rizal was arrested and charged with rebellion, sedition, and conspiracy. Despite disavowing the revolution in its present state, he was convicted by a court martial and was executed by a Spanish firing squad in Manila. Dr. Rizal is regarded as a national hero in the Philippines.

Hockey
Stanley Cup
Montreal Victorias 6 @ Winnipeg Victorias 5 (1-game challenge)

Ernie McLea scored 3 goals, including the winner on a breakaway with less than 2 minutes remaining, to give Montreal the Cup over defending champion Winnipeg at Granite Rink in the first challenge to be played outside Montreal. Mr. McLea became the first player to score a hat trick in a Stanley Cup game. Winnipeg took an early 3-0 lead and led 4-2 at halftime.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Jeanette Nolan. U.S. actress. Miss Nolan appeared in numerous radio and television programs and in movies such as Macbeth (1948) and The Big Heat (1953). She was nominated for four Emmy Awards, and died on June 5, 1998 at the age of 86.

Politics and government
Sun Yat-sen was elected the first President of the Republic of China.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Rashid Karami. Prime Minister of Lebanon, 1955-1956; 1958-1960; 1961-1964; 1965-1966; 1966-1968; 1969-1970; 1975-1976; 1984-1987. Mr. Karami, an independent politician, had a political career of more than 30 years, and was Lebanon's Prime Minister 10 times. He advocated increased political power for the country's Muslim population, and was known as a man that Lebanon's President could call on in a crisis, despite political differences. Mr. Karami was killed on June 1, 1987 at the age of 65 and the country’s interior minister and several other people were injured when a bomb exploded in his helicopter during a flight to Beirut from his home town of Tripoli. It was believed that the bomb had been placed in his briefcase or under his seat. The co-pilot made an emergency landing. Mr. Karami had submitted his resignation on May 4, but President Amin Gemayel had not yet formally accepted it.

90 years ago
1931

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Richard Gordon and Leigh Lovell, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Hindoo in the Wicker Basket

80 years ago
1941

Movies
The New York Film Critics Circle Awards for 1941 were presented. The winners were: Picture--Citizen Kane; Director--John Ford (How Green was My Valley); Actor--Gary Cooper (Sergeant York); Actress--Joan Fontaine (Suspicion).

Diplomacy
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill addressed the Canadian parliament in Ottawa, where he delivered his "Some chicken...some neck" speech, and then posed for a famous photograph by Yousuf Karsh. Go here to see the full text of the speech.



U.K. Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden returned to London from his conference in Moscow with U.S.S.R. dictator Josef Stalin.

War
The U.S.S.R. announced that Soviet troops on the Caucasian front had landed on the Crimean peninsula, occupying the town and fortress of Kerch. Dispatches from Manila reported that Japanese troops were within 100 miles of the city. U.S. aviator Charles Lindbergh was revealed to have volunteered for active serice in the U.S. Army Air Forces. The U.S. Census Bureau reported that there were 25,829,788 men in the continental United States aged 20-44 who could be drafted for military service.

Space
Dr. Edwin Hubble of the Mount Wilson Observatory in California said that as a result of six years of observation through the observatory's 100-inch telescope, he doubted the theory that the universe was expanding.

Politics and government
Philippine President Manuel Quezon and Vice President Sergio Osmena were inaugurated into their second terms in a wartime ceremony near U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur's headquarters.

Lieutenant General A.E. Percival declared martial law in Singapore, following four Japanese air raids the previous night.

Crime
Seven people were indicted in New York on charges of sending vital information to Germany.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced that plans were underway to boost U.S. war production to 50% of the national income, or about $50 billion in the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1942.

U.S. federal Price Administrator Leon Henderson froze wholesale cigarette prices at the levels prevailing on December 26, and fixed maximum retail prices for automobile tires and tubes at the level in effect on November 25.

Labour
Greyhound companies agreed to arbitrate the strike of 1,800 bus drivers.

75 years ago
1946

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Old Lamp-Lighter--Swing and Sway with Sammy Kaye (Vocal refrain by Billy Williams and Choir)
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
--Hal Derwin
2 Ole Buttermilk Sky--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra (vocal chorus by Michael Douglas and the Campus Kids)
--Hoagy Carmichael
--Helen Carroll and the Satisfiers
--Paul Weston and his Orchestra with Matt Dennis
3 Rumors are Flying--Frankie Carle and his Orchestra
--The Andrews Sisters with Les Paul
--Betty Rhodes
--Tony Martin
4 (I Love You) For Sentimental Reasons--King Cole Trio
--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra
--Charlie Spivak and his Orchestra
5 A Gal in Calico--Tex Beneke with the Glenn Miller Orchestra
--Bing Crosby with the Calico Kids
--Johnny Mercer
6 The Things We Did Last Summer--Frank Sinatra
--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra
7 Huggin' and Chalkin'--Hoagy Carmichael
--Johnny Mercer
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
8 The Whole World is Singing My Song--Les Brown and his Orchestra
9 Passe--Tex Beneke with the Glenn Miller Orchestra
--Margaret Whiting
10 Zip-A-Dee-Doo-Dah--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra

Singles entering the chart were the version of (I Love You) For Sentimental Reasons by Charlie Spivak and his Orchestra That's the Beginning of the End, with versions by Perry Como; and the King Cole Trio (#32).

On the radio
The Casebook of Gregory Hood, starring Elliott Lewis and Howard McNear, on MBS
Tonight`s episode: The Payoff

Died on this date
Charles Wakefield Cadman, 65. U.S. composer and critic. Mr. Cadman was appointed music editor and critic for the Pittsburgh Dispatch in 1908, and was regarded as a leading expert on American Indian music, writing and lecturing on the subject, and allowing it to influence his compositions. He moved to Los Angeles in the 1920s, helping to found the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra, performing there as a piano soloist, and composing scores for motion pictures in the early years of sound movies. Mr. Cadman wrote music in various genres, but was best known for his 40-year collaboration with lyricist Nelle Richmond Eberhart, who wrote librettos for his operas and words for his songs. He died six days after his 65th birthday.

Movies
The New York Film Critics Circle Awards for 1946 were presented. The winners were: Picture--The Best Years of Our Lives; Director--William Wyler (The Best Years of Our Lives); Actor--Laurence Olivier (Henry V); Actress--Celia Johnson (Brief Encounter); Foreign Language Film--Open City.

War
After conferring with French officials in Indochina, French Overseas Territories Minister Marius Moutet reiterated France's determination to re-establish "order" in the territory before resuming negotiations with nationalist guerrillas.

Politics and government
Republican Party U.S. congressional leadership filled majority posts in the new Senate: Arthur Vandenberg (Michigan)--President pro tempore; Wallace White, Jr. (Maine)--Majority floor leader; Robert Taft (Ohio)--steering committee chairman; Kenneth Wherry (Nebraska)--Majority whip; Eugene Milliken (Colorado)--Republican conference chairman.

Science
University of California physicist Glenn Seaborg, co-discoverer of plutonium, americium, and curium, was named "chemist of the year" in an American Chemical Society poll.

Energy
Despite Soviet objections, the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission appoved a U.S.-sponsored nuclear control plan recommending the creation of a strong international inspection agency not subject to a great power veto.

Argentina and Uruguay signed a pact allowing Argentina to receive electric power from the Uruguay River power project.

Economics and finance
Venezuela became the 40th nation to join the World Bank and International Monetary Fund.

The Allied Control Council in Berlin announced the adoption of a law forbidding Germany to manufacture, possess, import, or export any equipment that may be used to wage war.

Labour
A U.S. federal circuit court of appeals in Chicago upheld the right of a union in a closed shop to force the discharge of a member for joining a rival union.

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Out There, on CBS
Tonight's episode: The Bus to Nowhere, starring Leonard Barry, Arthur Batanides, and Whit Bissell

War
Commander-in-Chief of the United Nations Command General Matthew Ridgway announced that the Japanese government would be given custody of 1,300 Japanese war criminals still serving sentences by March 21, 1952.

Diplomacy
Foreign ministers of six Western European countries agrred in Paris on most details of the European Army plan and recommended creating a supranational Parliament of Europe by 1955.

In a year-end speech, U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson admitted that "we have lost some ground" in the Middle East because of the Iranian and Suez disputes, but viewed Greece and Turkey as "bright spots."

Science
The American Association for the Advancement of Science awarded the $1,000 Newcomb Cleveland Prize to Columbia University oceanographer J. Laurence Kulp for developing a technique to measure the age of water through the radioactive carbon content of suspended organic matter.

Economics and finance
Iran banned foreign travel by its citizens, due to lack of foreign exchange.

Baseball
The Sporting News named Stan Musial of the St. Louis Cardinals as major league player of the year for 1951 and Leo Durocher of the New York Giants as major league manager of the year. "Stan the Man" batted .355 with 32 home runs and 108 runs batted in, leading the National League in batting average, runs (124); triples (12); and total bases (355). "Leo the Lip" led the Giants to the National League pennant as they came back from a 14½-game deficit in August to defeat the Brooklyn Dodgers in a 3-game playoff.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): My Boomerang Won't Come Back--Charlie Drake (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: Nata per me--Adriano Celentano (6th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Tanze mit mir in den Morgen--Gerhard Wendland

#1 single in the Netherlands (Dutch Top 40): I'm Gonna Knock on Your Door--Eddie Hodges (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Tower of Strength--Frankie Vaughan (4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens (4th week at #1)
2 The Twist--Chubby Checker
3 Walk on By--Leroy Van Dyke
4 Run to Him--Bobby Vee
5 Please Mr. Postman--The Marvelettes
6 Can't Help Falling in Love--Elvis Presley
7 Peppermint Twist - Part I--Joey Dee & the Starliters
8 Moon River--Jerry Butler
--Henry Mancini, His Orchestra and Chorus
9 Happy Birthday, Sweet Sixteen--Neil Sedaka
10 When the Boy in Your Arms (Is the Boy in Your Heart)--Connie Francis

Singles entering the chart were Lost Someone by James Brown and the Famous Flames (#90); That's My Pa by Sheb Wooley (#95); I'm Blue (The Gong-Gong Song) by the Ikettes (#96); Fever by Pete Bennett and the Embers (#98); and I Told the Brook by Marty Robbins (#100).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Norman--Sue Thompson (2nd week at #1)
2 The Wanderer--Dion
3 Run to Him--Bobby Vee
4 Hey! Little Girl--Del Shannon
5 Walkin' with My Angel--Bobby Vee
6 The Twist--Chubby Checker
7 Multiplication--Bobby Darin
8 Walkin' Back to Happiness--Helen Shapiro
9 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens
10 Please Mr. Postman--The Marvelettes

Singles entering the chart were Bonnie B by Jerry Lee Lewis (#24); Bandit of My Dreams by Eddie Hodges (#28); My Boomerang Won't Come Back by Charlie Drake (#31); Patti Ann by Johnny Crawford (#36); I Know (You Don't Love Me No More) by Barbara George (#39); Baby it's You by the Shirelles (#45); and Lonely Sixteen by Janie Black (#50).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 Norman--Sue Thompson
2 Dear Ivan--Jimmy Dean
3 The Twist--Chubby Checker
4 The Wanderer/The Majestic--Dion
5 Peppermint Twist--Joey Dee & the Starliters
6 A Little Bitty Tear--Burl Ives
7 Multiplication--Bobby Darin
8 Walkin' with My Angel/Run to Him--Bobby Vee
9 When the Boy in Your Arms (Is the Boy in Your Heart)--Connie Francis
10 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens

Singles entering the chart were Dear Lady Twist by Gary (U.S.) Bonds (#26); The Ballad of Thunder Road by Robert Mitchum (#30); Young Love by Sonny James (#34); I Could Have Loved You by Ray Peterson (#36); Mugmates/Bandit of My Dreams by Eddie Hodges (#39); and Little Altar Boy by Vic Dana (#40).

Football
NCAA
Blue-Gray Game @ Cramton Bowl, Montgomery, Alabama
Gray 9 Blue 7

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): Pop Concerto--Pop Concerto Orchestra

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): O Holy Night--Tommy Drennan (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Jo Cals, 57. Prime Minister of the Netherlands, 1965-1966. Mr. Cals, a member of the Roman Catholic State Party until 1945 and the Catholic People's Party thereafter, was a member of the House of Representatives (1948-1950, 1952, 1956, 1959, 1963-1965), and was State Secretary/Minister for Education, Arts and Sciences (1950-1961) before serving as Prime Minister from April 1965-November 1966. He left politics after his government fell after losing a vote involving the budget. Mr. Cals died of a brain tumour.

World events
Iraq announced that it had expelled 60,000 Iranian men, women, and children over the past few days; Iraq had severed diplomatic relations with Iran earlier inthe month.

30 years ago
1981

Hockey
NHL
Philadelphia (22-13-1) 5 @ Edmonton (25-8-6) 7

Wayne Gretzky scored 5 goals--his 46th through 50th of the season--to lead the Oilers past the Flyers at Northlands Coliseum. Mr. Gretzky's last goal, into an empty net, gave him the distinction of reaching the 50-goal mark in one season in the fewest games; it was just the Oilers' 39th game of the season.



30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Sore ga Daiji (それが大事)--Daiji-man Brothers Band

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Live and Let Die--Guns N' Roses (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Let's Talk About Sex--Salt-N-Pepa (7th week at #1)

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Child--Mark Owen (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Don't Speak--No Doubt (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Time to Say Goodbye--Andrea Bocelli and Sarah Brightman (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Canada (RPM): Head Over Feet--Alanis Morissette (7th week at #1)

Died on this date
Lew Ayres, 88. U.S. actor. Mr. Ayres had a career that spanned 65 years, but was best known for his starring role in the movie All Quiet on the Western Front (1930) and for playing Dr. Kildare in a series of nine films from 1938-1942. He died two days after his 88th birthday.

Juan Antonio Canta, 30. Spanish musician. Mr. Canta, whose real name was Juan Antonio Castillo Madico, was a singer-songwriter and guitarist who co-founded the pop group Pabellَn psiquiلtrico, who recorded four albums from 1987-1991. He then became a solo artist, and was best known for the single La danza de los 40 limones, which reached number one on the PROMUSICAE chart for five weeks in May-June 1996. Mr. Canta suffered from constant depression, and committed suicide by hanging himself at his home in Cَrdoba.

Protest
250,000 workers in Israel shut down services in protest against proposed budget cuts by the government of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

20 years ago
2001

Terrorism
Pakistani authorities arrested Hafiz Muhammad Saeed, founder of one of the Muslim groups believed to be behind the December 13, 2001 attack on India's Parliament House in New Delhi. 12 people had been killed in the five-man attack.

Politics and government
Adolfo Rodriguez Saa resigned as interim President of Argentina, just a week after taking office.

10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
Ronald Searle, 91. U.K.-born artist. Mr. Searle worked in various genre, but was mainly known as a cartoonist. He created and the comic strip St. Trinian's School (1946-1952), which inspired a series of comic films. Mr. Searle also illustrated the Molesworth novels written by Geoffrey Willans in the 1950s. He moved to France in 1961, and lived the rest of his life there.

Oddities
Samoa and Tokelau skipped this date, as they changed their time zones and jumped to the other side of the International Date Line, moving directly from December 29 to December 31, 2011.

December 23, 2021

250 years ago
1771

Died on this date
Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, 70. Canadian nun. Mrs. d'Youville, a native of Varennes, Quebec, was a widow who suffered the death of her husband and four of her six children before the age of 30, but experienced a religious revival, and in 1737 with three other women founded an association that ministered to the poor in Montreal. The association became the Roman Catholic order The Sisters of Charity of Montreal--popularly known as the Grey Nuns--in 1744, and was granted an order in 1747 to operate Montreal General Hospital. Mrs. d'Youville died in Montreal, and was canonized in 1990 by Pope John Paul II.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa. Italian nobleman and author. Don Giuseppe Tomasi, the last Prince of Lampedusa, served with the Italian Army in World War I, and was an Austro-Hungarian prisoner of war; he inherited his title upon the death of his father in 1934. Don Giuseppe Tomasi died of lung cancer on July 23, 1957 at the age of 60, but didn't become widely known until the posthumous publication of his novel Il Gattopardo (The Leopard) (1958), which was made into a movie in 1963.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Niels Kaj Jerne. U.K.-born Danish immunologist. Dr. Jerne, whose Danish parents moved to London the year before his birth, moved to the Netherlands with his family in 1914, and eventually settled in Denmark. He shared the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Georges J.F. Köhler and César Milstein "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies." Dr. Jerne died on October 7, 1994 at the age of 82.

James Gregory. U.S. actor. Mr. Gregory was a character actor on stage, screen, and television in a career spanning more than 45 years. He was known for his gravelly voice and playing detectives, and starred as New York Police Detective Barney Ruditsky in the television series The Lawless Years (1959-1961), and Inspector Frank Luger in the comedy series Barney Miller (1975-1982). Mr. Gregory's best-known movie role was probably as the Joe McCarthy-like Senator Johnny Iselin in The Manchurian Candidate (1962). He died on September 16, 2002 at the age of 90.

90 years ago
1931

Died on this date
Wilson Bentley, 66. U.S. meteorologist and photographer. "Snowflake" Bentley, a lifelong resident of Jericho, Vermont, was the first known person to take detailed photographs of snowflakes and record their features, catching flakes on black velvet in such a way that their images could be captured before they either melted or sublimated. He took the first of more than 5,000 photos of snowflakes in 1885. Mr. Bentley died of pneumonia.

80 years ago
1941

War
At a joint press conference in Washington with U.K. Prime Minister Winston Churchill, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced that their meetings were being devoted to the immediate question of achieving complete unanimity of action in the Pacific. The first meeting of the U.S.-U.K. War Council was held in the White House. The U.S. oil tanker SS Montebello was sunk by Japanese submarine I-21 off the coast of California; 33 survivors were rescued. After 15 days of fighting, the Imperial Japanese Army occupied Wake Island. Japanese planes carried out a heavy raid on Rangoon. The Battle of Lingayen continued "with increasing intensity" on Luzon. The British command announced that Imperial forces in Libya reached the coastal plain of the Gulf of Sidra south of Bengazi the previous day.

Politics and government
Chinese Prime Minister Chiang Kai-shek appointed T.V. Soong as Foreign Minister.

Crime
A U.S. federal grand jury in Washington indicted aviatrix Laura Ingalls on a charge of failing to register as a German agent.

Religion
Pope Pius XII authorized Roman Catholic bishops throughout the world to permit Catholics in their dioceses to eat meat on Fridays and omit certain fast days for the duration of World War II.

Labour
U.S. President Roosevelt accepted a three-point war labour peace plan agreed upon by the 24-man labour-industry conference board in Washington. The plan called for "no strikes or lockouts;" settlement of all disputes "by peaceful means;" and establishment of "a proper War Labor Board to handle these disputes."

70 years ago
1946

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Ole Buttermilk Sky--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra (vocal chorus by Michael Douglas and the Campus Kids) (2nd week at #1)
--Hoagy Carmichael
--Helen Carroll and the Satisfiers
--Paul Weston and his Orchestra with Matt Dennis
2 Rumors are Flying--Frankie Carle and his Orchestra
--The Andrews Sisters with Les Paul
--Betty Rhodes
--Tony Martin
3 The Old Lamp-Lighter--Swing and Sway with Sammy Kaye (Vocal refrain by Billy Williams and Choir)
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
--Hal Derwin
4 (I Love You) For Sentimental Reasons--King Cole Trio
--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra
5 The Whole World is Singing My Song--Les Brown and his Orchestra
6 This is Always--Harry James and his Orchestra
--Jo Stafford
7 The Things We Did Last Summer--Frank Sinatra
--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra
8 Five Minutes More--Frank Sinatra
--Tex Beneke and the Glenn Miller Orchestra
--The Three Suns
9 Huggin' and Chalkin'--Hoagy Carmichael
--Johnny Mercer
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
10 To Each His Own--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra with Eddy Howard and Trio
--The Ink Spots
--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra with Stuart Wade
--Tony Martin
--The Modernaires with Paula Kelly

Singles entering the chart were Years and Years Ago by Les Brown and his Orchestra (#26) and Hoodle-Addle by the Ray McKinley Quartet (#28).

On the radio
The Casebook of Gregory Hood, starring Elliott Lewis and Howard McNear, on MBS
Tonight`s episode: The Spirit of Christmas

Diplomacy
The United Kingdom rejected a Soviet request for a "further exchange of views" on control of the Dardanelles.

Defense
U.S. President Harry Truman set up a three-man board to review the cases of draft violators and make recommendations for executive clemency.

Politics and government
French Prime Minister Leon Blum reiterated France's recognition of Vietnam's independence within the French Union, but insisted that order be restored before negotiations could begin on the composition of the Vietnamese government.

Crime
Three men were indicted in Atlanta for arson in the December 7, 1946 fire at the Winecoff Hotel, in which 119 people perished.

Law
The U.S. Supreme Court refused to review a suit on the constitutionality of Tennessee's poll tax on the grounds that Congress had jurisdiction in such matters.

Religion
The U.S. Supreme Court ordered new trials for two Jehovah's Witnesses sentenced to five years in prison as conscientious objectors, stating that they were not allowed to challenge draft classifications which barred their deferment as ministers.

Health
The U.S. Office of Temporary Controls dropped distribution control of penicillin.

Agriculture
The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization reported that a food crisis still confronted the world, with food production still below pre-World War II levels.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that collection of federal social security taxes from bankrupt companies had priority over state taxes.

General Lucius Clay, deputy U.S. military governor in Germany, protested a French decision to set up a customs barrier between the Saar and the rest of Germany.

The U.K. announced that it would send a Treasury delegation to India to negotiate the settlement of India's wartime debt of $5.2 billion.

Sport
An Associated Press poll of sportswriters named Babe Didrikson Zaharias as the outstanding female athlete of 1946 in the United States.

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Out There, on CBS
Tonight's episode: The Man, starring Florence Anglin, Philip Bourneuf, and Stewart Bradley

World events
A Hungarian military court imposed fines totalling $120,000 on four U.S. fliers shot down in November in a C-47 transport plane.

Bolivia exiled 15 right-wing extremists arrested for participating in a recent revolutionary plot.

Labour
Hungary denied a British Broadcasting Corporation report that 80 Hungarian coal miners had been shot for organizing a work slowdown in the Tatabanya mines.

Football
NFL
Championship
Cleveland 17 @ Los Angeles 24

Just 25 seconds after Ken Carpenter's 5-yard touchdown rush, converted by Lou Groza, had brought the Browns into a 17-17 tie midway through the 4th quarter, Rams' quarterback Norm Van Brocklin completed a 73-yard touchdown pass to Tom Fears, converted by Bob Waterfield, to provide the winning margin before 59,475 fans at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. After a scoreless 1st quarter, Dick Hoerner of the Rams opened the scoring in the 2nd quarter with a 1-yard touchdown rush, converted by Mr. Waterfield. Mr. Groza got Cleveland on the scoreboard with a 52-yard field goal, a record length for an NFL championship game. The Browns took a 10-7 halftime lead on a 17-yard touchdown pass from Otto Graham to Dub Jones, converted by Mr. Groza. In the 3rd quarter, Mr. Graham fumbled when hit by the Rams' Larry Brink, and Andy Robustelli returned the ball from the Cleveland 24-yard line to the 2. Three plays later, Dan Towler rushed 1 yard for a touchdown, and Mr. Waterfield's convert gave Los Angeles a 14-10 lead going into the 4th quarter. The lead became 17-10 when Mr. Waterfield kicked a 17-yard field goal. It was the first NFL championship game to be televised from coast-to-coast in the United States. It was broadcast on the DuMont network (which had paid $95,000 to the NFL for the rights), with Harry Wismer and Earl Gillespie as the announcers.



60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): My Boomerang Won't Come Back--Charlie Drake (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: La ballata della tromba--Nini Rosso

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Weiße Rosen aus Athen--Nana Mouskouri (10th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (Dutch Top 40): I'm Gonna Knock on Your Door--Eddie Hodges (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Tower of Strength--Frankie Vaughan (3rd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens (3rd week at #1)
2 Please Mr. Postman--The Marvelettes
3 Walk on By--Leroy Van Dyke
4 Run to Him--Bobby Vee
5 The Twist--Chubby Checker
6 Goodbye Cruel World--James Darren
7 Can't Help Falling in Love--Elvis Presley
8 Peppermint Twist - Part I--Joey Dee & the Starliters
9 Moon River--Jerry Butler
--Henry Mancini, his Orchestra and Chorus
10 Let There Be Drums--Sandy Nelson

Singles entering the chart were Irresistible You (#76)/Multiplication (#80) by Bobby Darin; Pocketful of Miracles by Frank Sinatra (#92); Do-Re-Mi by Lee Dorsey (#93); and But on the Other Hand Baby by Ray Charles and his Orchestra (#100).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Norman--Sue Thompson
2 The Wanderer--Dion
3 The Twist--Chubby Checker
4 Walkin' with My Angel--Bobby Vee
5 Run to Him--Bobby Vee
6 Hey! Little Girl--Del Shannon
7 Jingle Bell Rock--Bobby Helms
--Bobby Rydell/Chubby Checker
8 Peppermint Twist--Joey Dee & the Starliters
--Danny Peppermint and the Jumping Jacks
9 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens
10 Walkin' Back to Happiness--Helen Shapiro

Singles entering the chart were Dear Ivan by Jimmy Dean (#16); Percolator (Twist) by Billy Joe & the Checkmates (#32); Well I'm Your Man by Johnny Tillotson (#40); Lucky Star by Gene Vincent (#44); and What are You Doing New Year's Eve by Dante and the Evergreens (#50). Well I'm Your Man was the B-side of Dreamy Eyes, charting at #27.

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 The Twist--Chubby Checker (2nd week at #1)
2 The Wanderer/The Majestic--Dion
3 Peppermint Twist--Joey Dee & the Starliters
4 Walkin' with My Angel/Run to Him--Bobby Vee
5 Six White Boomers--Rolf Harris
6 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens
7 Norman--Sue Thompson
8 Jingle Bell Rock--Bobby Rydell/Chubby Checker
--Bobby Helms
9 Gypsy Rover--The Highwaymen
10 Multiplication--Bobby Darin

Singles entering the chart were Memories of Maria by Jerry Byrd and his Guitar (#19); Dear Ivan by Jimmy Dean (#26); Walkin' Back to Happiness by Helen Shapiro (#28); Percolator (Twist) by Billy Joe & the Checkmates (#30); Let Me Down Easy by the Glaser Brothers (#33); Just a Little Bit Sweet by Charlie Rich (#38); Milk and Honey by Eddie Fisher (#39); and Love is the Sweetest Thing by Saverio Saridis (#40).

Died on this date
Carolyn Sherwin Bailey, 86. U.S. authoress. Miss Bailey wrote short stories and novels for children in a career spanning more than 40 years. Her novel Miss Hickory (1946) was awarded the 1947 Newbery Medal for excellence in American children's literature.

Kurt Meyer, 51. German SS officer. SS-Brigadeführer Meyer joined the Nazi Party in September 1930, and joined the SS in October 1931. He participated in numerous campaigns in World War II, and several times ordered the mass murders of civilians and prisoners of war, receiving a death sentence for ordering the murders of Canadian POWs in the Ardenne Abbey massacre in 1944. SS-Brigadeführer Meyer's sentence was commuted to 14 years, and he was released on good behaviour in 1951. He became active in Hilfsgemeinschaft auf Gegenseitigkeit der Angehörigen der ehemaligen Waffen-SS (HIAG), a lobby group dedicated to rehaibilitating the reputation of the SS. SS-Brigadeführer Meyer suffered from heart and kidney disease in later years, and died on his 51st birthday, after a series of strokes.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): Le rire du sergent--Michel Sardou (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): O Holy Night--Tommy Drennan

Died on this date
Glenn Wallichs, 61. U.S. businessman. Mr. Wallichs opened several radio stores and two recording studios in the Los Angeles area before opening Wallichs Music City at the corner of Sunset and Vine in Hollywood in 1940. It became the largest record store in southern California and the world's largest specialty record store. On February 7, 1942, Mr. Wallichs and songwriters Johnny Mercer and Buddy DeSylva founded Capitol Records. Mr. Wallichs left the record store in 1946 in charge of his brother Clyde, and eventually became chairman of Capitol Industries. He died after a long illness.

Politics and government
Nationalist China's governing Kuomintang announced that the first national elections since 1947 would be held in May 1972. President Chiang Kai-shek had always refused to hold elections pending his government's return to mainland China, when all Chinese could participate.

Health
U.S. President Richard Nixon signed a bill to implement a much-expanded research attack on cancer. 137 guests, including many research scientists, were at the White House for the occasion.

Economics and finance
The Canadian Parliament passed the Capital Gains Tax, effective January 1, 1972, Valuation Day.

Quebec Finance Minister Raymond Garneau announced to the National Assembly a provincial tax policy aimed at harmonizing Quebec's tax laws with those of Canada.

40 years ago
1981

Politics and government
Historian George Francis Gillman Stanley of Sackville took office as Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick, succeeding Hédard Robichaud.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Piece of My Wish--Miki Imai (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Live and Let Die--Guns N' Roses

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Let's Talk About Sex--Salt-N-Pepa (6th week at #1)

Politics and government
A Gallup Poll reported that support for sovereignty-association in Québec has dropped to 47% from 61% in May 1990.

Business
Toronto-based Grafton-Fraser announced its intention to close 221 Jack Fraser, George Richards, Grafton & Co, Madison, and Bimini stores, eliminating 1,700 full-time and part-time jobs.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Child--Mark Owen (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Don't Speak--No Doubt

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Time to Say Goodbye--Andrea Bocelli and Sarah Brightman (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Canada (RPM): Head Over Feet--Alanis Morissette (6th week at #1)

20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Bola Ige, 71. Nigerian politician. Mr. Ige, a Yoruba, was a lawyer before entering politics; he was Commissioner for Agriculture (1967-1970) in the Western Region of Nigeria in the military government of General Yakubu Gowon. Mr. Ige joined the Unity Party of Nigeria in the late 1970s, and was Governor of Oyo State (1979-1983). He was defeated in his bid for re-election, successfully challenged the result, but was deposed by a coup led by Generals Muhammadu Buhari and Tunde Idiagbon. Mr. Ige was accused of enriching himself with party funds and was detained for two years, but was released in 1985 and resumed his law practice. When democracy was returned to Nigeria in 1999, Mr. Ige returned to politics as a member of the Alliance for Democracy, serving as Nigeria's Minister of Power and Steel (1999-2000) in the government of President Olusegun Obasanjo. He was appointed Minister of Justice and Attorney in January 2000; in November 2001 he declared that the Sokoto State government would not be allowed to enforce the death penalty by stoning against Safiya Hussaini, a woman convicted of adultery. Mr. Ige was entangled in squabbles within the Alliance for Democracy, which resulted in the murder of Osun State legislator Odunayo Olagbaju, the week before Mr. Ige was gunned down at his home in Ibadan. All those charged in Mr. Ige's murder were acquitted.

Politics and government
Adolfo Rodriguez Saa was sworn in as interim President of Argentina, and immediately announced the suspension of payment on the external debt in the biggest debt default in history.

10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
Bill Hall, 65. U.S. broadcaster. Mr. Hall was a weatherman and anchorman with Nashville television station WSMV from 1974-2005.

December 13, 2021

980 years ago
1041

Politics and government
Michael V was proclaimed Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire, three days after the death of his uncle Michael IV.

500 years ago
1521

Born on this date
Sixtus V. Roman Catholic Pope, 1585-1590. Sixtus V, born Felice Piergentile, was ordained a Franciscan priest in 1547 and was made a cardinal in 1570. He succeeded Gregory XIII and launched a rebuilding project in Rome, financing it with heavy taxation. Pope Sixtus also rooted out corruption and lawlessness in Rome, and excommunicated Queen Elizabeth I of England and King Henri IV of France. Sixtus V died on August 27, 1590 at the age of 68, three days after taking ill with malarial fever, and was succeeded by Urban VII.

Died on this date
Manuel I, 52. King of Portugal, 1495-1521. Manuel I, the grandson of King Duarte and nephew of King Afonso V, succeeded his first cousin João II on the throne. King Manuel I oversaw an era of prosperity and Portuguese imperial expansion. He was succeeded by his son João III.

400 years ago
1621

Died on this date
Katarina Stenbock, 86. Queen consort of Sweden, 1552-1560. Katarina, the niece of King Gustav I's second wife, Queen Margaret, became Queen consort when she became his thrid wife in 1552. The couple had no children, but Queen Katarina served as a mediator of disputes between King Gustav and his children. Gustav I died in 1560, and was succeeded by Erik XIV, his son from his first marriage. Katarina spent the rest of her life as a Dowager Queen.

150 years ago
1871

Born on this date
Emily Carr. Canadian artist. Miss Carr, a native of Victoria, was known for her paintings of aboriginal themes and landscapes, especially forest scenes. She died on March 2, 1945 at the age of 73.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Kenneth Patchen. U.S. poet and artist. Mr. Patchen was a pacifist whose poetry often dwelt on the loss of innocence in society and the corrupted human spirit. Collections of his poems were accompanied by his paintings and drawings, and his public readings were acompanied by jazz music. Mr. Patchen attracted just a cult following in his lifetime, but he influenced the San Francisco Renaissance and the Beat Generation. He long suffered from health problems deriving from a back injury in 1937, and died on January 8, 1972 at the age of 60.

Trygve Haavelmo. Norwegian econometrician. Dr. Haavelmo was awarded the 1989 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences "for his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures." He died on July 28, 1999 at the age of 87.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Turgut Demirağ. Turkish film producer, director and screenwriter. Mr. Demirağ produced 64 movies, directed 19, and wrote 19 from 1947-1974. He produced and directed Evvel zaman içinde (1951), Turkey's first full-length animated feature film; unfortunately, the negatives of the film were lost when they were sent to MGM Studios in California for colour printing, and have never been found. Mr. Demirağ died on January 14, 1987 at the age of 65.

90 years ago
1931

Died on this date
Gustave Le Bon, 90. French polymath. Dr. Le Bon was a psychologist, sociologist, and anthropologist who was best known for his book Psychologie des Foules (The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind) (1895). He believed that crowds developed their own new psychological entity, the characteristics of which are determined by the "racial unconscious" of the crowd. Dr. Le Bon influenced people such as Theodore Roosevelt, Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, Vladimir Lenin, and Sigmund Freud.

Football
NFL
New York (7-6-1) 25 @ Chicago Bears (8-5) 6 The season ended with the Green Bay Packers winning their third straight National Football League championship, with a 12-2 record and a winning percentage of .857. The Portsmouth Spartans finished second at 11-3 (.786).

80 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Chattanooga Choo Choo--Glenn Miller and his Orchestra (Vocal refrain by Tex Beneke and the Four Modernaires) (3rd week at #1)

War
The governments of Hungary and Bulgaria announced that a state of war existed between their respective countries and the United States. Russian armies reportedly continued their advance against German forces. U.S.S.R. Ambassador to the United States Maxim Litvinov said in Washington that the Soviet Union intended to concentrate on defeating Germany, and would not join the war against Japan at the moment. British Governor of Hong Kong Mark Young rejected a Japanese demand for the surrender of the island, as defense of the island was organized into a West Brigade, commanded by Brigadier J. K. Lawson, and including the Winnipeg Grenadiers; and an East Brigade, under Brigadier C. Wallis, including the Royal Rifles of Canada. Major-General Christopher Maltby deployed both Canadian units to defend the southern beaches against a seaborne attack, as heavy Japanese artillery fire and air raids began. The Venezuelan embassy in Washington announced that Venezuela had opened her ports to ships of all American nations fighting the Axis. Argentina issued a decree recognizing the United States as a non-belligerent, and declaring Argentine neutrality toward Germany and Italy. The U.S. Navy conceded that Guam had apparently been captured by Japanese forces, while U.S. Army Lieutenant General Douglas MacArthur's headquarters claimed that Filipino troops had wiped out a Japanese landing party in the Lingayen area of Luzon.

World events
German authorities in Paris announced that 100 "Jews, Communists, and anarchists" would be executed as a result of attacks on German soldiers.

Economics and finance
In a move to prevent hoarding or speculation, the U.S. Office of Production Management froze sugar stocks and limited new deliveries by importers and refiners to 1940 levels.

Labour
The Administration of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced the selection of 12 industry representatives and 12 labour leaders to draft a basic war labour policy.

Disasters
More than 500 people were killed in a mud and rock slide in Huaraz, Peru.

Tennis
The United States Lawn Tennis Association announced its annual rankings, with Bobby Riggs as the top men's player, and Sarah Palfrey Cooke as the top women's player.

75 years ago
1946

War
U.S. Reparations Commissioner Edwin Pauley charged that Soviet forces had done $850 million in damage by dismantling industrial facilities during their occupation of Manchuria.

Politics and government
The British House of Commons ended a two-day debate by endorsing the government policy on Indian independence.

Defense
U.S. Secretary of State James Byrnes told the United Nations General Assembly that the United States had 550,000 troops stationed aborad, mainly in Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea.

Americana
Abilene, Kansas announced that the boyhood home of U.S. Army General Dwight D. Eisenhower would be preserved as the centre of a $1-million memorial to him and the U.S. armed forces.

Protest
The National Negro Congress in New York picketed screenings of the Walt Disney movie Song of the South as "an insult to the Negro."

Crime
A grand jury in Atlanta indicted white supremacist organization Columbians, Inc. President Emory Burke and Secretary Homer Loomis on charges of conspiracy to riot, and illegal possession of dynamite.

Football
AAFC
Brooklyn (3-10-1) 20 @ Miami (3-11) 31

70 years ago
1951

War
U.S. Sabrejet pilots reported their biggest one-day kill of Communist MiG-15s, 13 to 15, in dogfights over North Korea.

Diplomacy
The Charter of the Organization of American States, signed in Bogota on April 30, 1948, went into effect as Colombia became the 14th of the 21 signatories to ratify it.

France, supported by the U.S.A. and U.K., won indefinite postponement of a United Nations General Assembly debate on Arab charges of oppression in French Morocco.

The U.S. State Department dismissed Far Eastern policy adviser John Stewart Service after the Civl Service Loyalty Review Board found "reasonable doubt" of his loyalty. Mr. Service had been cleared six times on disloyalty charges by a grad jury and the State Department's Loyalty Security Board.

Politics and government
The South African delegation to the United Nations withdrew from the General Assembly sessions to protest the Trusteeship Commission's decision to hear testimony fro tribal chiefs of South-West Africa on the question of UN trusteeship for the territory.

Crime
A U.S. federal grand jury in Chicago indicted seven local officials on charges of violating the civil rights of Negroes in the race riot in Cicero, Illinois the previous July.

Academia
A panel of college presidents chosen by the American Council on Education recommended five steps to prevent future college sports scandals, including the elimination of football bowl games; grade requirements for athletes; and barring freshmen from varsity teams to discourage recruiting of high school stars.

Economics and finance
The French National Assembly ratified the European Coal and Steel Community plan 377-233 as Prime Minister Rene Pleven succeeded in overcoming the opposition of Communists and Gaullists.

Labour
Brazilian President Getulio Vargas ordered the seizure of all commercial aircraft in Brazil and drafted 16,000 striking airline employees into the Air Force to end a five-day strike for higher wages.

60 years ago
1961

At the movies
The Phantom Planet, directed by William Marshall, and starring Dean Fredericks, Coleen Gray, and Tony Dexter, opened in theatres.



Died on this date
Grandma Moses, 101. U.S. artist. Anna Mary Robertson Moses was a folk artist who began painting scenes of rural America when she was young, but produced most of her paintings after she turned 78, achieving tremendous popularity.

Music
The Beatles--John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Pete Best--performed at the Cavern Club in Liverpool. Mike Smith, an artists and repertoire representative of Decca Records, was in attendance; he didn't think they were good enough to be offered a recording contract, but he invited them to come to London on January 1, 1962 for an audition.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Maggie May--Rod Stewart (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Ame no Midōsuji--Ouyang Fei Fei (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Mammy Blue--Pop-Tops (8th week at #1)

Politics and government
Montreal journalist Pierre Vallières, who had gone underground three months earlier, announced that he was breaking from the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ), and now advocated the use of democratic means to achieve the liberation of Quebec workers.

Football
NFL
Washington (9-3-1) 38 @ Los Angeles (7-5-1) 24



40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Physical--Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Physical--Olivia Newton-John (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Pigmeat Markham, 77. U.S. entertainer. Dewey Markham was a comedian, singer, dancer, and actor who had a career spanning more than 60 years, performing mainly for Negro audiences on the "Chitlin' Circuit" of theatres and nightclubs. He was best known for his "Here Comes the Judge" routine, which became a hit record for him in 1968, and which he performed on the television program Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In during the 1968-69 season, exposing him to white audiences. Mr. Markham died from a stroke.

World events
Poland's Communist government imposed martial law in an attempt to suppress the Solidarity trade union movement.

30 years ago
1991

Diplomacy
The Organización de Estados Centroamericanos (ODECA) countries signed the Protocol of Tegucigalpa, extending earlier cooperation for regional peace, political freedom, democracy and economic development.

Health
The Quebec Superior Court ruled that "there is nothing to identify miuf (urea formaldehyde foam) as the cause (of) health problems" experienced by those who used this product, which had been approved by the government of Canada, to insulate their homes between 1977-1979. 80,000 Canadians insulated their homes with the foam, and the plaintiffs rejected the government's offer of $5,000 to have it removed, demanding greater compensation. The ruling was a bitter result for these people since it did not recognize the federal government's responsibility to grant compensation greater than the amounts previously offered.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Don't Speak--No Doubt

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Breathe--The Prodigy (2nd week at #1)

At the movies
The Preacher's Wife, starring Denzel Washington, Whitney Houston, and Courtney B. Vance, opened in theatres.



Diplomacy
The United Nations Security Council chose Kofi Annan of Ghana to be the UN's seventh Secretary-General.

Baseball
Pitcher Roger Clemens signed as a free agent with the Toronto Blue Jays. Mr. Clemens had been an outstanding pitcher with the Boston Red Sox from 1984-1996, but had had an off-season in 1996, posting a record of 10-13 with an earned run average of 3.63 in 34 games.

20 years ago
2001

Terrorism
At least 12 people were killed and 22 injured when Kashmiri terrorists broke through security and attacked the Indian parliament building in New Delhi.

The Pentagon released a captured videotape of Osama bin Laden in which the al-Qaeda leader said the deaths and destruction achieved by the September 11 attacks exceeded his "most optimistic" expectations.

Defense
U.S. President George W. Bush served formal notice that the United States was pulling out of the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty with Russia.

Business
Bombardier, the world's leading equipment supplier in the rail sector, signed its largest rail contract ever, a $2.3-billion deal with the French National Railways Company (SNCF) for 500 high-capacity railcars.

10 years ago
2011

Crime
After murdering a woman at his home, Nordine Amrani, 33, threw grenades and fired a rifle at crowds in Liège, Belgium, killing 6 people and injuring 125 others, before committing suicide.

Sport
World men's figure skating champion Patrick Chan was named the winner of the Lou Marsh Trophy as Canada's outstanding athlete of 2011.

December 10, 2021

980 years ago
1041

Died on this date
Michael IV, 31 (?). Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire, 1034-1041. Michael IV "the Paphlagonian" was the son of a peasant and worked as a money changer before his brother John found him a job in the imperial court. Michael began an affair with Empress Zoë Porphyrogenita; it was believed that they conspired to murder Emperor Romanos III. Michael and Zoë were married the day of Emperor Romanos' death, and Michael was crowned Emperor the following day. He suffered from epilepsy, and entrusted most of the business of government to his brother. Emperor Michael led his troops in a successful campaign against Bulgarian rebels in 1041, but his epilepsy got worse, and he developed dropsy in both legs. The illnesses led to his death, and he was succeeded by his nephew Michael V.

480 years ago
1541

Died on this date
Francis Dereham, 32-35. English courtier. Mr. Dereham had an affair with Catherine Howard when she was a teenager and before she became the fifth wife of King Henry VIII. She made him her Private Secretary and then a Gentleman Usher of the Queen's Chamber in August 1541; when their previous relationship was exposed, Mr. Dereham admitted that there had been a pre-contract of marriage with Miss Howard, but denied that there had been any intimacy since then, and that he had been supplanted in his affections by the courtier Thomas Culpeper. Mr. Dereham was convicted of treason on December 1, and was executed at Tyburn by hanging, drawing, and quartering.

Thomas Culpeper, 27 (?). English courtier. Mr. Culpeper was a cousin of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII, and a distant cousin of Catherine Howard. He was keeper of the armoury when he began an affair with Queen Catherine in 1541. The affair was discovered, and Mr. Culpeper was tried with Mr. Dereham and convicted of treason. Because of his previous status as a favourite, he was spared Mr. Dereham's punishment, and was executed at Tyburn by beheading. The heads of both men were displayed on London Bridge.

170 years ago
1851

Born on this date
Melvil Dewey. U.S. librarian. Mr. Dewey founded The Library Journal in 1876; he was one of the founders of the American Library Association, and was its secretary (1876-1891) and president (1891-1893). He was chief librarian of Columbia University Libraries (1883-1888); director of the New York State Library (1888-1906); and secretary and executive officer of the University of the State of New York (1888-1900). Mr. Dewey established the standard dimensions for catalogue cards, but was best known for creating the Dewey Decimal System of classification system, first published in 1876. He had a reputation for sexually harassing women, which finally forced his resignation as N.Y. State Library director and from active participation in the ALA. Mr. Dewey founded the Lake Placid Club as a resort in 1895, with a policy that barred Jews, Negroes, and other minorities from membership. He died from a stroke on December 26, 1931, 16 days after his 80th birthday.

160 years ago
1861

War
Forces led by Nguyễn Trung Trực, an anti-colonial guerrilla leader in southern Vietnam, sank the French lorcha L'Esperance.

Americana
The Confederate States of America accepted a rival state government's pronouncement that declared Kentucky to be the 13th state of the Confederacy.

130 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis. Governor General of Canada, 1946-1952. Field Marshal Alexander served with distinction in both World Wars, and was Commander-in-Chief of British forces in the Middle East during World War II. He was created Viscount Alexander of Tunis and was appointed Governor General of Canada, a role in which he was popular and effective. Viscount Alexander returned to England in 1952 and was given a peerage in order to join the cabinet of Prime Minister Winston Churchill as Secretary of Defense from 1952-1954. Earl Alexander died on June 16, 1969 at the age of 77. Alexander Circle in Edmonton, the street on which this blogger spent his earliest years, is named in his honour.

Nelly Sachs. German-born Swedish poet and playwright. Miss Sachs was Jewish, and fled Germany with her mother in 1940 when Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany increased. She was awarded the 1966 Nobel Prize in Literature "for her outstanding lyrical and dramatic writing, which interprets Israel's destiny with touching strength." Miss Sachs died on May 12, 1970 at the age of 78.

Transportation
The Calgary and Edmonton Railway, built in 1890-91, was absorbed by the Canadian Pacific Railway.

125 years ago
1896

Theatre
Ubu Roi by Alfred Jarry received its premiere performance at Théâtre de l'Œuvre at the Nouveau-Théâtre in Paris. The production was regarded as offensive and obscene by many, and a riot broke out at the end of what turned out to be its only performance.

Born on this date
Torsten Bergström. Swedish actor. Mr. Bergström was best known as a stage actor with several companies in Stockholm, but also appeared in 32 movies from 1919 until his death on May 26, 1948 at the age of 51.

Died on this date
Alfred Nobel, 63. Swedish chemist and engineer. Mr. Nobel became fluent in six languages, and obtained the first of 355 patents at the age of 24. His best-known invention was dynamite, which he patented in 1867. Mr. Nobel acquired the weapons manufacturing firm Bofors-Gullspång in 1894. When his brother Ludwig died in 1888, several newspapers erroneously printed Alfred's obituary, with one accusing him of being a war profiteer and killer. The accusation prompted Mr. Nobel to create the Nobel Prizes to recognize those who "conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Mr. Nobel was accused of high treason against France for selling the propellant ballistite to Italy, so he moved from Paris to Sanremo, Italy in 1891, and died there from a stroke.

Transportation
The Province of British Columbia declared the Red Mountain Railway complete.

120 years ago
1901

World events
The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in Stockholm. The winners were Wilhelm Roentgen of Germany (Physics), for his discovery of X-rays; Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff of the Netherlands (Chemistry), for his discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions; Emil Adolf von Behring of Germany (Physiology or Medicine), for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria; and Sully Prudhomme of France (Literature), for his poetry. The Nobel Peace Prize was (and still is) presented in Oslo in honour of the king of Norway, and the winners were Henry Dunant of Switzerland, for his role in founding the International Committee of the Red Cross; and Frederic Passy of France, for being one of the main founders of the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the main organizer of the Universal Peace Congress.

110 years ago 1911 Born on this date
Chet Huntley. U.S. journalist. Mr. Huntley was a radio newscaster with CBS from 1939-1951 and ABC from 1951-1955 before joining NBC in 1955. In 1956 he was teamed with David Brinkley to provide television coverage of the Democratic and Republican conventions, and the combination proved so successful that they became the network's regular evening newscasters. The Huntley-Brinkley Report ran on NBC from 1956-1970, when Mr. Huntley retired. He died of lung cancer on March 20, 1974 at the age of 62.

Died on this date
Joseph Dalton Hooker, 94. U.K. botanist and explorer. Sir Joseph, the son of botanist Sir William Jackson Hooker, obtained a medical degree and served as Assistant-Surgeon on HMS Erebus with Captain James Clark Ross's Antarctic expedition to the South Magnetic Pole (1839-1843). He worked with the Geological Survey of Great Britain (1846-1847), and was granted a leave for an expedition to the Himalayas and India (1847-1851). Dr. Hooker also conducted expeditions to Palestine (1860), Morocco (1871), and the western United States (1877). He was appointed Assistant-Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in 1855, and succeeded his father as Director, holding the position from 1865-1885. Sir Joseph was a friend of Charles Darwin and one of the earliest scientists to support the theory of evolution. Sir Joseph wrote numerous articles and monographs, with longer books that included the seven-volume The Flora of British India (1872-1897).

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Toh Chin Chye. Singaporean politician. Mr. Toh, a reader in physiology by profession, was a chairman of the People's Action Party (1954-1981), and held various cabinet posts, including Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore (1959-1968). He died in his sleep on February 3, 2012 at the age of 90.

80 years ago
1931

At the movies
The Struggle, the last movie directed by the legendary D.W. Griffith, opened in theatres in New York City. It ran there for just eight days, had three-day runs in Boston and Philadelphia, and as far as I know, was screened nowhere else during its initial release.



80 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Colin Kelly, 26. U.S. military aviator. Captain Kelly was a World War II B-17 Flying Fortress pilot who flew bombing runs against the Japanese Navy in the first days after the Japanese attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. He was killed when his B-17 exploded, but before the explosion he had ordered his crew to bail out, earning him a posthumous Distinguished Service Cross.

War
The British Royal Navy capital ships HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse were sunk by Imperial Japanese Navy torpedo bombers in the South China Sea near Malaya. Imperial Japanese forces under the command of General Masaharu Homma landed on the Philippine island of Luzon; U.S. bases and Manila suburbs were bombed, while the U.S. War Department reported that American bombers had sunk the Japanese battleship Haruna off northern Luzon. Japanese forces captured Kota Bharu, an air base on the east coast of northern Malaya. The British command claimed that U.K. troops had broken the siege of Tobruk, Libya. A Soviet communique reported that Elets, 225 miles south of Moscow in the Orel sector, had been recaptured. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized the Defense Communications Board to take over or close any private radio facilities if deemed necessary by the Army or Navy. U.S. Attorney General Francis Biddle reported that 2,303 "enemy aliens"--1,291 Japanese, 865 Germans, and 147 Italians--had been arrested for internment. U.S. Office of Production Management Director General William Knudsen called for a 24-hour day, seven-day week in war industries in announcing a victory program in Washington. Washington state police reported that fires in the form of arrows pointing toward Seattle had been found and extinguished the previous night.

Defense
U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull proposed before the governing board of the Pan American Union that a meeting of foreign ministers of the American republics be held in Rio de Janeiro in January 1942 to discuss hemispheric defense.

Politics and government
Louis St. Laurent was sworn in as Minister of Justice in the cabinet of Canadian Prime Minister Mackenzie King, succeeding the late Ernest Lapointe.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Office of Production Management banned the sale of new tires for civilian use through December 22, 1941.

Business
A Motion Picture Industry Conference Committee was organized in Chicago by film producers, distributors, and exhibitors to coordinate action on taxation, advertising, and general practices.

Disasters
The new U.S. freighter Oregon sank after colliding with a U.S. Navy ship south of Cape Cod; nine men drowned and eight were missing.

Boxing
The Boxing Writers Association of New York awarded the Edward J. Neil Memorial Plaque to world heavyweight champion Joe Louis as the outstanding boxer of the year.

75 years ago
1946

Died on this date
Damon Runyon, 66. U.S. writer. Mr. Runyon, born Alfred Damon Runyan, covered baseball and boxing for Hearst newspapers for many years, but was probably best known for his short stories about colourful characters in New York City in the 1920s and '30s. The Broadway musical Guys and Dolls (1950) was based on two of his stories. Mr. Runyon was a heavy smoker who died of lung cancer.

Walter Johnson, 59. U.S. baseball pitcher and manager. Mr. Johnson, nicknamed "The Big Train," played with the Washington Nationals from 1907-1927, compiling a record of 417-279 with an earned run average of 2.17 in 802 games. His career total of 3,502 strikeouts was the major league record until 1983, and he remains the record holder with 110 shutouts. Mr. Johnson's career win total is second to Cy Young, and was a major factor in becoming one of the first five men--and the first pitcher--to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1936. Mr. Johnson was also a dangerous hitter, batting .235 with 24 home runs and 255 runs batted in in 933 games. He managed the Nationals from 1929-1932 and the Cleveland Indians from 1933-1935, compiling a record of 529-432. Mr. Johnson died of a brain tumour.

Television
CBS announced the development of a receiver capable of handling either black and white or colour images.

Aviation
The U.S. Army Air Forces disclosed that their first rocket plane, the Bell XS-1, capable of 1,700 miles per hour at an altitude of 80,000 feet, had been successfully flown at Muroc Lake, California.

Diplomacy
The United Nations General Assembly approved, despite Soviet opposition, a draft constitution for the International Refugee Organization.

Defense
U.S.S.R. Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov agreed in the UN General Assembly to a British proposal for creation of a veto-free international commission to inspect troops and armaments of all nations.

Politics and government
Allied commanders in Berlin approved the 14 new members of the city's council of aldermen.

Labour
General Motors President Charles Wilson, head of U.S. President Harry Truman's civil rights commission, proposed a five-point labour law program which would outlaw industry-wide bargaining and compulsory unionization as well as sympathy strikes and boycotts.

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Angry Birds, starring John Forsythe, Constance Dowling, and Vaughn Taylor



Died on this date
Algernon Blackwood, 82. U.K. writer. Mr. Blackwood worked as a journalist in Britain and the United States, but was primarily known for his supernatural fiction, particularly the novellas The Willows (1907) and The Wendigo (1910). He died after a series of strokes.

War
A company of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry carried out a raid behind Hill 277 in Korea, while the Royal Canadian Regiment sent a 35-man fighting patrol against Hill 166; both patrols reached their objectives and brought back useful information on enemy defenses.

Germanica
The southwest states of Baden, Wuerttemberg-Baden, and Wuerttemberg-Hohenzollern voted in a plebiscite to merge.

Politics and government
King George VI of Great Britain resumed his state duties after his recovery from a lung operation.

Nebraska Governor Val Peterson (Republican) named conservative newspaper publisher Fred Seaton (Republican) to fill the U.S. Senate seat left vacant by the death of Kenneth Wherry (Republican).

Crime
The Dade County sheriff's office deputized 50 Jewish war veterans to help guard Miami synagogues after the fifth dynamiting attempt against Jewish centres in the past six months failed.

U.S. author Dashiell Hammett was released from prison in Ashland, Kentucky after serving a six-month sentence for contempt of court.

Technology
The first gas turbine helicopter was tested in Windsor Locks, Connecticut.

Transportation
East Germany announced the completion of a new system of railroads around Berlin, circumventing the Western sectors.

Oil
Iran agreed to participate in International Court hearings on Britain's complaint against nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company.

Economics and finance
World Bank President Eugene Black dismissed as "unrealistic" proposals that his organization lend $1 billion per year to backward countries.

Labour
United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis announced that his union and soft coal operators had joined in a plan for increased coal shipments to Western Europe, involving the creation of a union-industry corporation which would charter "mothballed" U.S. Liberty ships.

Disasters
A typhoon swept the central Philippines, causing 569 deaths.

60 years ago
1961

Diplomacy
African National Congress President Albert Luthuli of South Africa accepted the 1960 Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo. He used his acceptance speech to denounce the South African racial policy of apartheid and to appeal for racial equality. Mr. Luthuli was awarded the prize "for his role in the non-violent struggle against apartheid in South Africa." He was put under a travel ban by the South African government and was unable to accept the prize in 1960, but the ban was lifted for 10 days in order for him to travel to Oslo to accept the prize.



Hockey
Canadian junior
Teams from Drummondville and Montreal played in the first game ever played at the Maurice Richard Arena in Montreal. 3,000 people attended the game, including Maurice "Rocket" Richard, who had retired from the Montreal Canadiens in 1960 after an 18-year Hall of Fame career. Formal ceremonies for the arena's opening took place in January 1962.

Football
NFL
Cleveland (8-5) 14 @ Chicago (7-6) 17
Dallas (4-8-1) 13 @ St. Louis (6-7) 31
Green Bay (10-3) 21 @ San Francisco (7-5-1) 22
Minnesota (3-10) 7 @ Detroit (8-4-1) 13
New York (10-3) 28 @ Philadelphia (9-4) 24
Pittsburgh (6-7) 30 @ Washington (0-12-1) 14

AFL
Buffalo (6-8) 10 @ San Diego (12-1) 28
Denver (3-11) 21 @ Dallas (5-8) 49
Houston (9-3-1) 48 @ New York (7-6) 21

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey--Paul & Linda McCartney (4th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Mamy Blue--Pop Tops (6th week at #1)

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Mammy Blue--Charisma (8th week at #1)
2 Amen--Peanutbutter Conspiracy
3 Butterfly--Danyel Gerard
4 Get Me Some Help--Neville Whitmill
5 You--Peter Maffay
6 Never Ending Song of Love--The New Seekers
7 Daddy Don't You Walk So Fast--Daniel Boone
8 The Desiderata--Les Crane
9 Cousin Norman--Marmalade
10 I Believe (in Love)--Hot Chocolate

Singles entering the chart were Till by Tom Jones (#18); Soley Soley by Middle of the Road (#19); and (Is This the Way to) Amarillo by Tony Christie (#20).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 An Old Fashioned Love Song--Three Dog Night
2 Brand New Key--Melanie
3 Hey Girl--Donny Osmond
4 The Desiderata--Les Crane
5 It's a Cryin' Shame--Gayle McCormick
6 Two Divided by Love--The Grass Roots
7 Devil You--Stampeders
8 Wild Night--Van Morrison
9 Stones--Neil Diamond
10 No Good to Cry--The Poppy Family

Singles entering the chart were Can I Get a Witness by Lee Michaels (#29); and (I Know) I'm Losing You by Rod Stewart with Faces (#30).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKVN)
1 Have You Seen Her--Chi-Lites
2 An Old Fashioned Love Song--Three Dog Night
3 Got to Be There--Michael Jackson
4 Brand New Key--Melanie
5 Family Affair--Sly & the Family Stone
6 Can I Get a Witness--Lee Michaels
7 (I Know) I'm Losing You--Rod Stewart with Faces
8 Stones--Neil Diamond
9 No Good to Cry--The Poppy Family
10 Lovin' You Ain't Easy--Pagliaro

Singles entering the chart were Life in the Bloodstream by the Guess Who (#19, charting with its A-side, Sour Suite); American Pie by Don McLean (#27); Tightrope Ride by the Doors (#36); Take it Slow (Out in the Country) by Lighthouse (#37); Hey Big Brother by Rare Earth (#38); George Jackson by Bob Dylan (#39); and One Monkey Don't Stop No Show by the Honey Cone (#40).

Baseball
In one of the worst trades in history, the New York Mets traded pitchers Nolan Ryan and Don Rose, outfielder Leroy Stanton, and catcher Frank Estrada to the California Angels for shortstop Jim Fregosi. Mr. Ryan was 10-14 with an earned run average of 3.97 in 30 games with New York in 1971; Mr. Rose was 0-0 with a 0.00 ERA in 1 game with the Mets, and 11-10 with a 3.33 ERA in 31 games with the Tidewater Tides of the AAA International League. Mr. Stanton batted .190 with no home runs and 2 runs batted in in 5 games with the Mets, and .324 with 23 home runs and 104 runs batted in in 139 games with Tidewater in 1971. Mr. Estrada hit .500 (1 for 2) with no homers or RBIs in 1 game with the Mets, .252 with 7 home runs and 28 RBIs in 51 games with the Memphis Blues of the AA Dixie Association, and .260 with 6 homers and 21 RBIs in 58 games with Tidewater in 1971. Mr. Fregosi hit .233 with 5 homers and 33 RBIs in 107 games with California in 1971.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
Edmonton's Top 10 (CFRN)
1 Young Turks--Rod Stewart
2 Hooked on Classics--The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
3 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
4 Yesterday's Songs--Neil Diamond
5 Steal the Night--Stevie Woods
6 Oh No--Commodores
7 Harden My Heart--Quarterflash
8 Wired for Sound--Cliff Richard
9 Take Off--Bob and Doug McKenzie
10 Leather and Lace--Stevie Nicks with Don Henley

Health
A mysterious disease mainly affecting sodomites and later known as AIDS, was causing increasing concern in the United States.

30 years ago
1991

Died on this date
Greta Kempton, 90. Austro-Hungarian-born U.S. artist. Miss Kempton, a native of Vienna, emigrated to the United States in the 1920s. She was a portrait painter who became the official White House artist during the administration of President Harry Truman (1947-1953). Miss Kempton died from heart failure.

Tippy Larkin, 74. U.S. boxer. Mr. Larkin, born Antonio Pilliteri, was world light welterweight champion in 1946, but vacated the title after just one defense because of his inability to maintain the weight. He compiled a record of 136-59-1-1 in a professional career spanning 1935-1952.

War
The Canadian Defense Department said that the Gulf War had cost Canada $690 million, below the $1 billion anticipated.

25 years ago
1996

Died on this date
Faron Young, 64. U.S. musician. Mr. Young was a country singer who had numerous hit singles from the early 1950s through the mid-1970s; his biggest hit, Hello Walls, reached #1 on the Billboard country chart and crossed over to reach #12 on the Hot 100 pop singles chart. Mr. Young's career declined in later years, and he became a heavy drinker and suffered from depression. He committed suicide by shooting himself. Mr. Young was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2000.

Politics and government
The new Constitution of South Africa was promulgated by Nelson Mandela.

20 years ago
2001

At the movies
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, the first in a three-film adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien's epic fantasy trilogy, received its premiere screening at the Odeon Leicester Square in London. It was directed by Peter Jackson, and starred Elijah Wood, Ian McKellen, and many others.





Died on this date
Ashok Kumar, 90. Indian actor. Mr. Kumar, whose real name was Kumudlal Ganguly, was one of the biggest stars in the history of Indian cinema, appearing in more than 300 films and television programs in a career spanning more than 60 years, with his greatest popularity occurring in the 1940s. He was also a qualified homeopath, and acquired a reputation for delivering miracle cures. Mr. Kumar died of heart failure.

10 years ago
2011

Football
NCAA
Navy 27 Army 21 @ FedExField, Washington

November 30, 2021

200 years ago
1821

Born on this date
Frederick Temple. Greek-born U.K. clergyman. Most Rev. Temple was educated at the University of Oxford and was ordained a priest in the Church of England in 1846. He taught at Rugby School (1858-1869) before serving as Bishop of Exeter (1869-1885); Bishop of London (1885-1896); and Archbishop of Canterbury (1896-1902). He supported the cause of temperance as well as foreign missions, and worked so hard that he eventually went blind from overstraining his eyes. Most Rev. Temple died on December 23, 1902, 23 days after his 81st birthday. His son William was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1942-1944.

120 years ago
1901

Died on this date
Edward John Eyre, 86. U.K. explorer and politician. Mr. Eyre was a pioneering explorer of South Australia from 1839-1841. He was Lieutenant Governor of the New Zealand province of New Munster from 1848-1853, and Governor of Jamaica from 1862-1865. His use of martial law in the brutal suppression of the Morant Bay Rebellion in Jamaica in 1865 led to attempts in England to have him tried for murder. A grand jury refused to indict Mr. Eyre, and he was acquitted in a civil trial.

Football
CRU
Dominion Final
Ottawa College 18 Toronto Argonauts 3 @ Montreal (Replay of November 23 tie game)

Eddie Gleeson drop-kicked 2 field goals to lead Ottawa College over the Argonauts before 2,000 fans. It was OC's fourth Canadian championship in the previous 8 years.

U.S. college
Army 11 Navy 5 @ Franklin Field, Philadelphia

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Jorge Negrete Moreno. Mexican singer and actor. Mr. Negrete began singing opera in Mexico as a child, and continued his operatic career in the United States, using the name Alberto Moreno. He sang on radio in both countries, and appeared in more than 40 movies, helping to formulate the charro film genre. Mr. Negrete was one of the founders and General Secretary (1944-1947, 1949-1953) of the Asociación Nacional de Actores (National Association of Actors) (ANDA), and in 1952-1953 had a dispute with actress Leticia Palma, accusing her of stealing documents regarding her contract violations. She accused him of assault, but a special meeting of ANDA sided with Mr. Negrete, expelling Miss Palma and ending her film career. Mr. Negrete died complications of hepatic cirrhosis while on a business trip to Los Angeles on December 5, 1953, five days after his 42nd birthday.

Transportation
Moncton, New Brunswick's second street railway service was established; it lasted until 1931, when competition from motor bus services put the tram cars out of business.

80 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Bless 'em All (The Service Song)--George Formby (1st month at #1)

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on NBC
Tonight's episode: A Case of Identity

At the movies
Two-Faced Woman, directed by George Cukor and starring Greta Garbo and Melvyn Douglas, opened in theatres. The film had already been banned in Providence and Boston, and had been condemned by the Catholic Legion of Decency and New York Roman Catholic Archbishop Francis Spellman.



War
The British command announced that mechanized patrols had advanced nearly 300 miles across the Libyan desert to the Gulf of Sidra.

Diplomacy
Acting Argentine President Ramon Castillo reaffirmed the government's policy of strict neutrality.

Crime
Louis "Lepke" Buchalter and associates Emanuel "Mendy" Weiss and Louis Capone were convicted by a jury in Brooklyn, New York of the September 13, 1936 murder of former garment trucker Joseph Rosen.

Religion
More than 16,000 people attended ceremonies marking the opening of the Episcopal Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York City.

Football
NFL
Green Bay (10-1) 22 @ Washington (5-5) 17
Pittsburgh (1-9-1) 7 @ Brooklyn (6-4) 35
Chicago Bears (9-1) 49 @ Philadelphia (2-7-1) 14
Chicago Cardinals (3-6-1) 3 @ Detroit (4-6-1) 21

Green Bay receiver Don Hutson broke three scoring records as the Packers beat the Redskins at Griffith Stadium.

AFL
The American Football League concluded its second season of play. There was no championship game, and the Columbus Bullies edged out the New York Americans for the title on the basis of their regular season record. The standings were:

Columbus Bullies 5-1-2-.833
New York Americans 5-2-1-.714
Milwaukee Chiefs 4-3-1-.571
Buffalo Tigers 2-6-0-.250
Cincinnati Bengals 1-6-2-.167

Ties were not included when calculating winning percentages. The AFL suspended operations on September 2, 1942 for the duration of World War II, and the suspension eventually became permanent.

75 years ago
1946

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Symphony--Bing Crosby; Freddy Martin and his Orchestra (2nd month at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Rumors are Flying--Frankie Carle and his Orchestra with Marjorie Hughes (Best Seller--7th week at #1; Juke Box--6th week at #1; Airplay--6th week at #1; Honor Roll of Hits--5th week at #1)

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Tom Conway and Nigel Bruce, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Strange Death Of Mrs Abernetty

Died on this date
Gustav Noske, 78. German politician and journalist. Mr. Noske joined the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in 1884 and edited several socialist newspapers, while becoming the party's expert on military, navy, and colonial issues.. He represented Chemnitz in the Reichstag (1907-1918), and served as the first Minister of Defense in the Weimar Republic (1919-1920). Despite being a socialist, Mr. Noske used army and paramilitary forces to suppress socialist and Communist uprisings in 1919. After leaving federal office, he served as Governor of Hanover from 1920 until he was removed from office in 1933 following the Nazi seizure of power in Germany. Mr. Noske became more conservative in his views in later years, and supported Paul von Hindenburg for Reichpräsident in 1925 and 1932. Mr. Noske moved to Frankfurt after his dismissal by the Nazis, but was arrested by the Gestapo as a suspect in the July 20, 1944 assassination attempt against Fuehrer Adolf Hitler, and was imprisoned in the Ravensbrück concentration camp. He was freed by Allied troops, but died from a stroke while preparing for a lecture tour of the United States.

Crime
A British military court in Rome sentenced German Generals Eberhard von Mackensen and Kurt Mälzer to death for the massacre of 335 Italian civilians and political prisoners in the Ardeatine Caves outside Rome on March 24, 1944. The sentences were later commuted to prison terms.

Diplomacy
A revised United Nations emblem was adopted and legal steps recommended to protect it against commercialization. The UN General Assembly approved an Indian-sponsored resolution urging South Africa to improve its policies toward Indians and other "coloured" residents of the country. The United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada opposed the resolution.

Politics and government
The Social Democrats and the Youth Party boycotted the Chinese National Assembly's session in Nanking in order to avoid taking an oath binding them to obey the Kuomintang.

Labour
U.S. Congress of Industrial Organizations officials revealed in Pitsburgh that steps were being taken to remove Communists and "fellow travellers" from positions of influence within the CIO.

The continuing coal strike in the United States caused unemployment in steel and related industries to rise to 100,000, while 175,000 auto workers were given weekend layoffs.

Football
CRU
Grey Cup @ Varsity Stadium, Toronto
Toronto 28 Winnipeg 6

Joe Krol passed for 3 touchdowns, caught a touchdown pass, set up another touchdown with an onside kick, and kicked 3 converts as the Argonauts beat the Blue Bombers in the Grey Cup for the second straight year. The Blue Bombers outplayed the Argonauts in the 1st quarter, but couldn't score, and Toronto opened the scoring in the 2nd quarter on a 26-yard touchdown pass from Mr. Krol to Royal Copeland. Less than a minute later, Mr. Krol intercepted a pass from Winnipeg quarterback Walt Dobler on the Blue Bomber 45-yard line, and Mr. Copeland then threw a touchdown pass to Mr. Krol. Mr. Krol later threw a touchdown pass to Rod Smylie, and the Argonauts led 16-0 at halftime. In the 3rd quarter, Mr. Krol punted from the Winnipeg 36, and Mr. Copeland, who was onside, outjumped Mr. Dobler and Don Hiney to catch the ball at the 1-yard line, from where Byron Karrys rushed for another Toronto TD, converted by Mr. Krol to make the score 22-0. In the 4th quarter, Mr. Krol completed a 55-yard pass to Leo Deadey from his own 17 to the Winnipeg 38, passed to Boris Tipoff for a touchdown on the next play, and converted to make the score 28-0. The Blue Bombers finally mounted a scoring drive in the last 3 minutes of the game. Mr. Dobler scored on a 1-yard quarterback sneak and Mr. Hiney converted. The Blue Bombers outrushed the Argonauts 148 yards to 182, but Toronto completed 8 of 14 passes for 214 yards and 4 touchdowns, while Winnipeg completed 7 of 24 passes for 133 yards.





AAFC
Chicago (5-6-2) 0 @ San Francisco (8-5) 14

NCAA
Army 21 Navy 18 @ Municipal Stadium, Philadelphia

70 years ago
1951

War
U.S. negotiators at Panmunjom insisted on the right to conduct air patrols over North Korea to monitor Communist troop concentrations during an armistice.

Terrorism
Burmese Communist guerrillas reportedly collected a $10,500 ransom for freeing two kidnapped officials of a British-owned rubber plantation near Moulmein.

Diplomacy
The U.S.S.R. sent Turkey a second note denouncing Turkish membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

Technology
The U.S. Reconstruction Finance Corporation reported experimental commercial manufacture of synthetic rubber from a new raw material, vinyl toluene.

Health
The American Medical Association approved treatment of public drinking water with fluorides to reduce tooth decay.

Economics and finance
Argentine President Juan Peron told seven visiting U.S. congressmen that he was not interested in foreign aid in developing Argentina's agriculture and industry.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade): Hit the Road Jack--Ray Charles and his Orchestra

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): (Marie's the Name) His Latest Flame/Little Sister--Elvis Presley (4th week at #1)

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Kvällstoppen): Mamy Blue--Pop-Tops (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): Mamy Blue--Pop-Tops (8th week at #1)

On television tonight
Brian's Song, directed by Buzz Kulik, and starring James Caan, Billy Dee Williams, and Jack Warden, on ABC

This made-for-television Movie of the Week, about the friendship between Chicago Bears' running backs Brian Piccolo and Gale Sayers, went on to receive 11 Emmy Award nominations, winning 5.



Politics and government
King Hussein of Jordan appointed Ahmad al-Lawzi as Prime Minister, two days after the assassination of Wasfi al-Tal.

Terrorism
FLQ terrorist Paul Rose was sentenced in Montreal to life imprisonment for his part in the kidnapping of Quebec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte during the 1970 October Crisis.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Physical--Olivia Newton-John (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Akujo--Miyuki Nakajima

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Ma Quale Idea--Pino D'Angio (10th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Tainted Love--Soft Cell (2nd week at #1)

Defense
In Geneva, representatives from the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R. began to negotiate intermediate-range nuclear weapon reductions in Europe; the meetings ended inconclusively on December 17.

Politics and government
Howard Pawley was sworn in as Premier of Manitoba, 13 days after leading his New Democratic Party to victory in the provincial election over the governing Progressive Conservatives of Premier Sterling Lyon.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): Black or White--Michael Jackson

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Black or White--Michael Jackson (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Black or White--Michael Jackson (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Black or White--Michael Jackson

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Let's Talk About Sex--Salt-N-Pepa

#1 single in France (SNEP): (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams (8th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): Black or White--Michael Jackson (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Kon Ik Maar Even Bij Je Zijn--Gordon
2 Let's Talk About Sex!--Salt-N-Pepa
3 Roodkapje--Pater Moeskroen
4 Black or White--Michael Jackson
5 The Fly--U2
6 Everybody's Free (To Feel Good)--Rozalla
7 Change--Lisa Stansfield
8 James Brown is Still Alive!!--Holy Noise featuring the Global Insert Project
9 James Brown is Dead--L.A. Style
10 No Son of Mine--Genesis

Singles entering the chart were Smells Like Teen Spirit by Nirvana (#25); There Will Never be Another Tonight by Bryan Adams (#32); This is Your Life by Londonbeat (#34); Get Ready for This by 2 Unlimited (#35); Still on Your Side by Rene Froger (#37); and Shining Star by INXS (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Set Adrift on Memory Bliss--P.M. Dawn
2 When a Man Loves a Woman--Michael Bolton
3 Black or White--Michael Jackson
4 It's So Hard to Say Goodbye to Yesterday--Boyz II Men
5 Cream--Prince and the New Power Generation
6 Blowing Kisses in the Wind--Paula Abdul
7 All 4 Love--Color Me Badd
8 O.P.P.--Naughty by Nature
9 Do Anything--Natural Selection
10 Can't Stop this Thing We Started--Bryan Adams

Singles entering the chart were Keep it Comin' by Keith Sweat (#75); Word to the Badd!! by Jermaine Jackson (#78); No More Tears by Ozzy Osbourne (#81); The Way I Feel About You by Karyn White (#84); On a Sunday Afternoon by Lighter Shade of Brown (#85); Within My Heart by Voyce (#89); Then Came You by T.P.E. (#91); and I Want You by Jody Watley (#92).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 When a Man Loves a Woman--Michael Bolton
2 That's What Love is For--Amy Grant
3 Cream--Prince and the New Power Generation
4 Blowing Kisses in the Wind--Paula Abdul
5 Set the Night to Music--Roberta Flack with Maxi Priest
6 It's So Hard to Say Goodbye to Yesterday--Boyz II Men
7 Set Adrift on Memory Bliss--P.M. Dawn
8 Can't Stop this Thing We Started--Bryan Adams
9 I Wonder Why--Curtis Stigers
10 Street of Dreams--Nia Peeples

Singles entering the chart were The Way I Feel About You by Karyn White (#72); Hearts Don't Think (They Feel)! by Natural Selection (#79); Every Road Leads Back to You by Bette Midler (#83); Smells Like Teen Spirit by Nirvana (#84); and Martika's Kitchen by Martika (#88).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 Life is a Highway--Tom Cochrane
2 Can't Stop this Thing We Started--Bryan Adams
3 Cream--Prince and the New Power Generation
4 Get a Leg Up--John Mellencamp
5 What About Now--Robbie Robertson
6 No Son of Mine--Genesis
7 Broken Arrow--Rod Stewart
8 When a Man Loves a Woman--Michael Bolton
9 That's What Love is For--Amy Grant
10 Set the Night to Music--Roberta Flack with Maxi Priest

Singles entering the chart were Can't Let Go by Mariah Carey (#61); No Regrets by Tom Cochrane (#68); Little Lack of Love by World on Edge (#70); Double Good Everything by Smokey Robinson (#84); Hold On by Joey Ferrera (#86); Love Reaction by Harem Scarem (#96); Beauty and the Beast by Celine Dion and Peabo Bryson (#98); and Saltwater by Julian Lennon (#99). Beauty and the Beast was the title song of the movie.

Football
CIAU
Vanier Cup @ SkyDome, Toronto
Wilfrid Laurier 25 Mount Allison 18

Andy Cecchini rushed for 130 yards and 2 touchdowns and caught a 19-yard touchdown pass to lead the Golden Hawks to their first Vanier Cup championship. WLU led 24-4 late in the 3rd quarter until the Mounties struck for 2 converted touchdowns, one on a 27-yard rush by Grant Keaney late in the 3rd quarter, and the other on a 31-yard pass from Sean Hickey to Mark Huys with 8:35 remaining in regulation time. Mount Allison was stopped on a third down-and-five yards to go gamble at the WLU 45-yard line with less than 5 minutes remaining, and the Golden Hawks used up all but the last 50 seconds, and punted for a single. Mr. Keaney led the Mounties with 22 rushes for 124 yards. Mr. Hickey completed just 5 of 21 passes for 150 yards, but was chosen the outstanding offensive player by the media, for some strange reason. Rich Newbrough won the head coaching matchup over Marc Loranger. Attendance at SkyDome was 30,191.



25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Wannabe--Spice Girls (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): One & One--Robert Miles featuring Maria Nayler (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): It's All Coming Back to Me Now--Céline Dion (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Aïcha--Khaled (6th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Freed from Desire--Gala (6th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): I Can't Help Myself--The Kelly Family (6th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Breathe--The Prodigy (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 No Diggity--BLACKstreet (featuring Dr. Dre) (4th week at #1)
2 Un-Break My Heart--Toni Braxton
3 It's All Coming Back to Me Now--Celine Dion
4 Mouth--Merril Bainbridge
5 Nobody--Keith Sweat featuring Athena Cage
6 Pony--Ginuwine
7 Don't Let Go (Love)--En Vogue
8 Where Do You Go--No Mercy
9 I Love You Always Forever--Donna Lewis
10 I'm Still in Love with You--New Edition

Singles entering the chart were Foolish Games/You were Meant for Me by Jewel (#61); ATLiens by Outkast (#62); Cold Rock a Party by MC Lyte (#67); Thirty-Three by the Smashing Pumpkins (#71); Ooh Aah...Just a Little Bit by Gina G (#77); Barely Breathing by Duncan Sheik (#85); Beyond the Invisible by Enigma (#86); Let's Ride by Richie Rich (#91); and All I Want by Susanna Hoffs (#95).

Died on this date
Tiny Tim, 64. U.S. musician. Tiny Tim, born Herbert Khaury, was a singer and ukulele player who had an encyclopedic knowledge of American popular music of the early 20th century. He performed under several names before achieving popularity as a novelty artist in 1968 with the single Tiptoe Thru the Tulips with Me, which he sang in an exaggerated falsetto. Tiny Tim's wedding to Vicki "Miss Vicki" Budinger on December 17, 1969 was televised on The Tonight Show. Tiny Tim died after having a heart attack while performing at The Woman's Club of Minneapolis.

Football
CIAU
Vanier Cup @ SkyDome, Toronto
Saskatchewan 31 St. Francis Xavier 12

The X-Men led 12-0 at halftime, but the Huskies came back with 7 points in the 3rd quarter and 24 in the 4th to win their first Vanier Cup championship. Saskatchewan quarterback Brent Schneider was named the winner of the Ted Morris Memorial Trophy as the game's Most Valuable Player. 14,577 were in attendance.



20 years ago
2001

Radio
The call letters CKCK disappeared from Regina's airwaves as CKRM took over its 620 KHz frequency and its transmitter. The same day, CJME replaced CKRM at 980 KHz, using the CKRM transmitter.

Crime
Gary Ridgway, the Green River Killer, was apprehended as he was leaving the Kenworth truck factory where he worked in Renton, Washington, and charged with four murders. He was eventually convicted of a total of 49 murders, although he confessed to murdering at least 71 women, many of whom were prostitutes or teenage runaways.