August 16, 2020

240 years ago
1780

War
British forces led by Lieutenant General Charles, Lord Cornwallis routed numerically superior American forces led by Major General Horatio Gates in the Battle of Camden in South Carolina.

200 years ago
1820

Born on this date
Andrew Rainsford Wetmore. Canadian politician and judge. Mr. Wetmore, a native of Fredericton, was elected to the New Brunswick Legislative Assembly in 1865, representing Saint John City as a member of the Anti-Confederation Party. He was expecting to be named Attorney General in the Anti-Confederation government of Premier Sir Albert James Smith, but he was disappointed, and switched to the Confederation Party, who formed the government in 1866. Mr. Wetmore became Premier of New Brunswick when the colony joined Confederation as a province of Canada in 1867. He retired from politics on May 25, 1870 to accept an appointment to the New Brunswick Supreme Court. Justice Wetmore died in Fredericton on March 7, 1892 at the age of 71.

175 years ago
1845

Born on this date
Gabriel Lippmann. Luxembourgian physicist. Dr. Lippmann was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference." He invented the Lippmann electrometer, which was used in the first electrocardiograph machine. Dr. Lippmann died aboard the steamer France at the age of 75 on July 13, 1921, while en route from Canada.

150 years ago
1870

War
Outnumbered Prussian forces held off French forces in the Battle of Mars-la-Tour.

130 years ago
1890

Baseball
Tommy Burns and Malachi Kittredge of the Chicago Colts each hit a grand slam off Bill Phillips of the Pittsburgh Alleghenys as part of a 13-run 5th inning in the Colts’ 18-5 win at West Side Park in Chicago.

125 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Liane Haid. Austrian actress. Miss Haid appeared in movies from 1915-1940, and became Austria's first movie star, epitomizing the Süßes Wiener Mädel ("Sweet Viennese Girl") in the 1920s and '30s. Her movies included The Woman in White (1921); Lady Hamilton (1921); and Lucrezia Borgia (1922). Miss Haid ended her career after moving to Switzerland in 1942, and died on November 28, 2000 at the age of 105.

120 years ago
1900

War
The Battle of Elands River during the Second Boer War ended after a 13-day siege was lifted by British forces. The battle had begun when a force of between 2,000 and 3,000 Boers had surrounded a force of 500 Australians, Rhodesians, Canadians and British soldiers at a supply dump at Brakfontein Drift.

110 years ago
1910

Born on this date
Gloria Blondell. U.S. actress. Miss Blondell, the younger sister of actress Joan Blondell, was probably best known for Honeybee Gillis in the television comedy series The Life of Riley (1953-1958). She died on March 25, 1986 at the age of 75.

Mae Clarke. U.S. actress. Miss Clarke, born Violet Mary Klotz, was a popular leading lady in the 1930s, appearing in such movies as Frankenstein (1931); The Front Page (1931); The Public Enemy (1931); and Waterloo Bridge (1931). She died on April 29, 1992 at the age of 81.

100 years ago
1920

Born on this date
Charles Bukowski. German-born U.S. poet and author. Mr. Bukowski, who moved to the United States with his parents at the age of 2, was a drunk and a lowlife whose writing celebrated the lowlife experience--the sort of thing that's popular with people in Hollywood, but turns off normal people. He died on March 9, 1994 at the age of 73.

Died on this date
Henry Daglish, 53. Australian politician. Mr. Daglish, represented Subiaco in the Western Australia Legislative Assembly from 1901-1911, originally as a member of the Labour Party. He successfully moved a non-confidence vote against Premier Walter James in 1904, and replaced him as Premier of Western Australia on August 10, forming the state's first Labour government. The government was defeated just over a year later, and Mr. Daglish's time as Premier ended on August 25,1905. He resigned as Labour Party leader and from the party itself, referring to himself as Independent Labour. Mr. Daglish accepted the position of minister of works in the Liberal government of Premier Frank Wilson in 1910, but lost his seat in the 1911 federal election. He was also Mayor of Subiaco (1902-1904, 1907-1908).

War
The Battle of Radzymin concluded in Poland as the Soviet Red Army was forced to turn away from Warsaw.

Politics and government
The 4th Congress of the Communist Party of Bukhara, Uzbekistan opened. The congress would call for armed revolution.

Baseball
Behind the pitching of Stan Coveleski (19-9), the Cleveland Indians edged the New York Yankees 4-3 before 21,000 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York to take a 1½-game lead in the American League pennant race. New York starting pitcher Carl Mays (18-9) was trying for his 100th career major league win, but fell behind 3-0, with the first Cleveland run coming on a home run by Steve O’Neill. Shortstop Ray Chapman, playing the 1,051st game of his 9-year major league career, led off the 5th inning for the Indians. With the count 1 ball and 1 strike, a pitch got away from Mr. Mays and hit Mr. Chapman in the left temple. The sound was so loud that it could be heard throughout the park. Mr. Chapman collapsed, got up, tried to walk toward the clubhouse in center field, but collapsed again before he reached second base. He was carried off the field and eventually taken to hospital, where his condition deteriorated. The Yankees scored all their runs in the bottom of the 9th, but Mr. Coveleski induced pinch hitter Lefty O'Doul to ground into a force play to end the game.

90 years ago
1930

At the movies
Fiddlesticks, produced and directed by Ub Iwerks, opened in theatres; it was the first complete sound cartoon to be photographed in two-strip Technicolor.



Sport
The first British Empire Games were opened at Civic Stadium in Hamilton, Ontario by the Governor General of Canada, the Viscount Willingdon.

Horse racing
Jim Dandy, a 100-to-1 longshot from California, defeated Triple Crown winner Gallant Fox by 6 lengths to win the Travers Stakes at Saratoga Racetrack in New York.

Baseball
Lefty Grove (20-4) drove in the first 2 runs of the game to help his own cause as the Philadelphia Athletics beat the St. Louis Browns 4-2 before 12,000 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia.

The Chicago Cubs withstood an 8-run 7th-inning rally by the Philadelphia Phillies to win the first game of a doubleheader 10-9 before 25,000 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago, with Gabby Hartnett singling home Hack Wilson with 1 out to complete a 2-run rally in the bottom of the 9th to win the game. The Phillies led 3-0 in the second game when the Cubs rallied with 3 runs in the bottom of the 9th inning to tie it. The game was called after 11 innings because of darkness with the score still 3-3. Hack Wilson hit his 41st home run of the season for the Cubs in the first game, while Woody English’s 2-run home run tied the second game for the Cubs. Chick Tolson replaced an injured Charlie Grimm at first base for the Cubs with 2 out in the 1st inning, batting 0 for 3 with 2 bases on balls, making 15 putouts and no assists in the 144th and last game of his 5-year major league career.

80 years ago
1940

At the movies
Foreign Correspondent, directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Joel McCrea, Laraine Day, Herbert Marshall, George Sanders, Albert Basserman, and Robert Benchley, opened in theatres.





Stranger on the Third Floor, starring Peter Lorre, John McGuire, Margaret Tallichet, Charles Waldron, and Elisha Cook, Jr., opened in theatres.

War
German planes bombed and machine-gunned London suburbs on both sides of the Thames River.

Diplomacy
The French cabinet decided to capitulate to Japanese demands for military transit rights across Indochina. The New York Times reported that the Japanese government would not accept the Shanghai compromise reached two days earlier, when U.S. and Japanese officials had agreed to split jurisdiction over the former British sectors in Shanghai.

Defense
U.S. Marines assumed responsibility for the British sector in Shanghai. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt told reporters that the United States and United Kingdom were holding conversations about the acquisition of bases for the defense of the Western Hemisphere. Construction of a new tank arsenal in Detroit under a $20-million defense order was announced by Chrysler Corporation.

Labour
The International Labor Office announced that it would establish its headquarters for the European war's duration at McGill University in Montreal.

Swimming
Mary Ryan set a record for Americans in the women's 1-mile freestyle of 23 minutes 15 seconds in Portland, Oregon.

75 years ago
1945

Died on this date
Takijirō Ōnishi, 54. Japanese military officer. Admiral Ōnishi was the Imperial Japanese Navy officer who directed the kamikaze attacks against Allied aircraft carriers during World War II. He committed sepuku--ritual suicide--in his quarters, following Japan's surrender to the Allies.

War
Japanese Emperor Hirohito ordered all Japanese forces to cease fire at 6 P.M., but the Japanese government estimated that it would take 2-12 days for word to reach all front-line troops. Soviet Field Marshal Aleksandr Vasilevski told the Japanese Kwantung Army to cease operations and surrender by August 20. Puyi, the last Chinese Emperor and ruler of Manchukuo, was captured by Soviet troops as he was in an airplane fleeing to Japan, and was taken to the Siberian town of Chita.

Diplomacy
The U.S.S.R. and Poland signed a treaty in Moscow fixing the post-World War I Curzon Line as the basis of their new frontier. The Soviet Union also agreed to give Poland 15% of the German reparations she received. Chinese Communist General Chu Teh asked the Allies for Communist participation in the Japanese surrender, and requested a halt in Lend-Lease aid to Nationalist Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek because of the possibility of civil war. Chinese Premier T.V. Soong arrived in Washington for conferences with U.S. President Harry Truman and Secretary of State James Byrnes.

U.S. President Harry Truman called for the free settlement of Palestine by Jews to a point consistent with civil peace.

Politics and government
Prince Naruhiko Higashi-Kuni, cousin of Emperor Hirohito, completed formation of a new Japanese cabinet with himself as Prime Minister and War Minister. U.S. President Harry Truman said that U.S. authorities alone would be responsible for ruling Japan, although troops of all Allied nations in the Pacific would occupy the country.

U.S. Undersecretary of State Joseph Grew resigned and was replaced by Dean Acheson.

The National Representatives' Congress, the precursor of the current National Assembly of Vietnam, convened in Sơn Dương.

Protest
The Argentine government of President Juan Peron reported that several hundred uniformed soldiers committed deliberate violence upon individuals who opposed their cries of "Long live Peron."

Law
The Canadian government of Prime Minister Mackenzie King cancelled the War Measures Act.

The Nicaraguan government of President Anastasio Somoza decreed the end of martial law.

Defense
U.S. Defense Transportation Director J. Monroe Johnson removed controls on taxicab mileage; the operation of trucks; and starting or extending commercial services.

Labour
U.S. President Truman said that he would call an industry-labour conference, and ordered continuation of the National War Labor Board to handle disputes until the conference ended.

Disasters
After investigating the July 28, 1945 crash of a U.S. Army Army B-25 bomber into the 79th floor of the Empire State Building in New York City, which had killed 14 and injured 26, the U.S. War Department found pilot William Franklin Smith, Jr. guilty of "misjudgment," and blamed the accident on "unfavorable flying conditions."

70 years ago
1950

At the movies
No Way Out, directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz, and starring Richard Widmark, Linda Darnell, Stephen McNally, and Sidney Poitier, opened in theatres.





War
The U.S. Navy reported that its ships had moved 40,000 men, 500,000 tons of military cargo, and two million barrels of oil to the Far Eastern war area since June 25.

Diplomacy
The People's Republic of China announced the departure of a delegation to North Korea, giving rise to speculation that Chinese aid to North Korea was under consideration.

Baseball
Hank Thompson hit 2 inside-the-park home runs and Don Mueller hit a grand slam to lead the New York Giants past the Brooklyn Dodgers 16-7 before 22,675 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York. Gil Hodges hit 2 home runs and drove in 6 runs for the Dodgers against winning pitcher Sal Maglie (11-3), who pitched a complete game. Carl Erskine (0-2) took the loss. The Giants led 9-0 after the 1st inning.

Robin Roberts (16-5) pitched a 3-hitter to outduel Vern Bickford (14-9) as the Philadelphia Phillies defeated the Boston Braves 5-1 before 23,846 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia. Del Ennis hit his 26th home run of the season for the Phillies.

Bob Ramazzotti tripled to lead off the bottom of the 12th inning and scored on a 1-out single by pinch hitter Ron Northey to give the Chicago Cubs a 4-3 win over the Cincinnati Reds before 9,562 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Frank Hiller (8-2) allowed 13 hits in a complete game victory, while Herm Wehmeier (9-14) allowed 11 hits in a complete game loss.

Bobby Doerr hit a grand slam in the 1st inning and singled home another run in the 8th to help the Boston Red Sox beat the Philadelphia Athletics 11-3 in the first game of a doubleheader before 22,388 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Chuck Stobbs (7-5) pitched a 7-hit complete game victory, while Joe Coleman (0-2) allowed 14 hits and 11 earned runs in a complete game loss, and hit a solo home run in the 8th. Mr. Doerr hit 2 doubles, scored a run, and drove in 2 to help the Red Sox win the second game 12-7 to complete the sweep.

Jesse Flores (3-3) and Mike Garcia (8-6) pitched respective complete games for the Cleveland Indians as they swept a doubleheader from the St. Louis Browns 2-0 and 2-1 before 27,016 fans at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland. Al Widmar (5-10) and Don Johnson (4-3) pitched complete game losses.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): He'll Have to Go--Jim Reeves (5th week at #1)

Adventure
Joe Kittinger parachuted from a balloon over New Mexico at 102,800 feet (31,300 metres), setting three records that held until 2012: High-altitude jump, free fall, and highest speed by a human without an aircraft.





Europeana
Cyprus gained its independence from the United Kingdom as a republic with Archbishop Makarios as the country’s first President. Offices were divided on an ethnic basis between Greeks and Turks, and there were constitutional protections for the Turkish minority.

Football
CFL
EFC
Hamilton (0-1) 10 @ Montreal (1-0) 23
Toronto (1-0) 21 @ Ottawa (0-1) 7

23,531 fans at Molson Stadium saw the Alouettes win for Perry Moss in his debut as Montreal’s head coach. Ernie White of the Tiger-Cats, playing his first CFL game, fielded a punt from Sam Etcheverry 3 yards deep in his own end zone and returned it 108 yards, only to fumble on the Montreal 5-yard line when he was caught by Veryl Switzer of the Alouettes. Montreal recovered the fumble.

The Argonauts got off to a winning start under new head coach Lou Agase and new quarterback Tobin Rote before a Lansdowne Park crowd of 20,321.

50 years ago
1970

Died on this date
Kurt Krieger, 43. Austrian-born U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Krieger played with the St. Louis Cardinals (1949, 1951), compiling a 0-0 record with an earned run average of 12.60 in 3 games. He played 9 seasons in the minor leagues (1944, 1947-1954), winning at least 76 games and losing at least 73.

War
U.S. Defense Secretary Melvin Laird said that it was "very difficult to prove or disprove the charges" by Israel of Egyptian cease-fire violations along the Suez Canal. Mr. Laird urged "a move forward towards negotiations."

Defense
An official with the U.S. administration of President Richard Nixon told of a U.S. offer to give up the American antimissile defense system if the U.S.S.R. would follow suit and agree to limit its huge SS-9 missiles.

Politics and government
Joaquin Balaguer was inaugurated into his second term as President of the Dominican Republic.

Economics and finance
The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the unemployment rate among the nation’s young people reached 15.7% in June and July, the highest figure in six years. Among Negroes aged 16 to 21, the unemployment rate was 30.2%. The bureau said that the figures did not cover the 336,000 more youths this year than last who did not seek employment.

The Ecuadorian sucre was officially devalued from 18.42 to 24.75 to the U.S. dollar.

Auto racing
Jacky Ickx of Belgium won the Austrian Grand Prix at the Österreichring in Spielberg (see videos here and here. Clay Regazzoni of Switzerland finished second, with Rolf Stommelen of West Germany third in his only podium finish.

Golf
Dave Stockton shot a 3-over-par 73 in the final round, but hung on to win the PGA Championship at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oklahoma with a 1-under-par total score of 279, 2 strokes ahead of Bob Murphy and Arnold Palmer. Mr. Murphy shot 66 and Mr. Palmer 70 in the final round. First prize money was $40,000.



Baseball
Cleon Jones led off the 6th inning with a home run to break a 1-1 tie as the New York Mets edged the Atlanta Braves 2-1 before 25,383 fans at Atlanta Stadium. Jim McAndrew (7-11) pitched a 5-hitter to outduel Jim Nash (12-5), who allowed 6 hits and 2 earned runs in 5+ innings.

Tony Cloninger (6-4) allowed 5 hits in 8+ innings and hit a solo home run in the 6th inning to provide an insurance run for the Cincinnati Reds as they beat the Philadelphia Phillies 4-2 before 45,059 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. Jim Bunning (9-12) allowed 7 hits and 3 earned runs in 6 innings to take the loss.

After Ron Cook walked Rusty Staub to lead off the 9th inning, Denny Lemaster relieved Mr. Cook and promptly surrendered a home run to Bob Bailey to break a 3-3 tie as the Montreal Expos beat the Houston Astros 5-3 before 19,235 fans at the Astrodome. Mr. Bailey's homer was one of the longest in the history of the Astrodome; it was deep into center field, and the seat where it landed was painted to mark the occasion. Jim Gosger doubled home the first 3 Montreal runs in the 3rd inning.

The Minnesota Twins and Boston Red Sox combined to hit 7 home runs as the Twins won 9-6 before 24,670 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Brant Alyea, George Mitterwald, Harmon Killebrew, and Cesar Tovar hit home runs for Minnesota, while Reggie Smith, Tony Conigliaro, and Jerry Moses homered for Boston, with Mr. Moses hitting a solo homer as a pinch hitter in the 8th inning.

Ed Brinkman singled to lead off the bottom of the 8th inning and scored on a 1-out single by pinch hitter Del Unser to break a 1-1 tie as the Washington Senators edged the Chicago White Sox 2-1 before 8,457 fans at Robert F. Kennedy Stadium in Washington. Casey Cox (7-8) allowed 5 hits and 1 earned run in 8 innings to win the pitchers' duel over Gerry Janeski (8-13), who allowed 6 hits and 2 earned runs in 7.1 innings.

Danny Walton doubled home 3 runs with 2 out in the bottom of the 8th inning to tie the score, and pinch hitter Gus Gil singled home Roberto Pena from third base with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th as the Milwaukee Brewers came from a 3-0 deficit to defeat the Cleveland Indians 4-3 before 44,387 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee.

Chico Salmon led off the 5th inning with a home run to break a 1-1 tie as the Baltimore Orioles edged the Oakland Athletics 2-1 before 19,892 fans at Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum. Dave McNally (18-7) pitched a 6-hitter to outduel Catfish Hunter (15-10), who allowed 6 hits and 2 earned runs in 8 innings.

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Luna--Gianni Togni (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Xanadu--Olivia Newton-John/Electric Light Orchestra (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): The Winner Takes it All--ABBA

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): The Winner Takes it All--ABBA (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Xanadu--Olivia Newton-John/Electric Light Orchestra (3rd week at #1)
2 Could You Be Loved--Bob Marley & the Wailers
3 The Winner Takes it All--ABBA
4 Peter Gunn--ELP: Emerson, Lake & Palmer
5 Ik Weet Niet Hoe--Benny Neyman
6 Doin' La Bamba--Pussycat
7 Upside Down--Diana Ross
8 Late at Night--Maywood
9 Midnite Dynamos--Matchbox
10 More than I Can Say--Leo Sayer

Singles entering the chart were Hela-Di-Ladi-Lo by Dolly Dots (#26); I'm Gonna Shoot the Deejay by the Press (#30); Jump to the Beat by Stacy Lattisaw (#33); She's Out of My Life by Michael Jackson (#36); and The Harder They Come by the Joe Jackson Band (#37).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Magic--Olivia Newton-John (3rd week at #1)
2 Sailing--Christopher Cross
3 Take Your Time (Do it Right) Part 1--The S.O.S. Band
4 Emotional Rescue--The Rolling Stones
5 Upside Down--Diana Ross
6 It's Still Rock and Roll to Me--Billy Joel
7 Shining Star--Manhattans
8 Little Jeannie--Elton John
9 Let My Love Open the Door--Pete Townshend
10 More Love--Kim Carnes

Singles entering the chart were Another One Bites the Dust by Queen (#67); Late at Night by England Dan Seals (#82); The Legend of Wooley Swamp by the Charlie Daniels Band (#84); I Hear You Now by Jon and Vangelis (#85); True Love Ways by Mickey Gilley (#86); Treasure by the Brothers Johnson (#87); Who'll Be the Fool Tonight by the Larsen-Feiten Band (#88); Out Here on My Own by Irene Cara (#89); and Games Without Frontiers by Peter Gabriel (#90). Out Here on My Own was from the movie Fame (1980).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Magic--Olivia Newton-John (3rd week at #1)
2 Take Your Time (Do it Right) Part 1--The S.O.S. Band
3 It's Still Rock and Roll to Me--Billy Joel
4 Emotional Rescue--The Rolling Stones
5 Sailing--Christopher Cross
6 Little Jeannie--Elton John
7 Tired of Toein' the Line--Rocky Burnette
8 Shining Star--Manhattans
9 The Rose--Bette Midler
10 More Love--Kim Carnes

Singles entering the chart were Another One Bites the Dust by Queen (#66); Good Morning Girl/Stay Awhile by Journey (#85); (Sartorial Eloquence) Don't Ya Wanna Play this Game No More? by Elton John (#86); I'm Almost Ready by Pure Prairie League (#88); Out Here on My Own by Irene Cara (#89); Let Me Be Your Angel by Stacy Lattisaw (#90); and Rebels are We by Chic (#96).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Magic--Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)
2 It's Still Rock and Roll to Me--Billy Joel
3 Take Your Time (Do it Right) Part 1--The S.O.S. Band
4 Shining Star--Manhattans
5 Funkytown--Lipps, Inc.
6 Sailing--Christopher Cross
7 Emotional Rescue--The Rolling Stones
8 Love the World Away--Kenny Rogers
9 All Out of Love--Air Supply
10 Empire Strikes Back (Medley)--Meco

Singles entering the chart were Another One Bites the Dust by Queen (#55); Good Morning Girl/Stay Awhile by Journey (#82); The Legend of Wooley Swamp by the Charlie Daniels Band (#84); Can't We Try by Teddy Pendergrass (#85); Waterfalls by Paul McCartney (#86); Rebels are We by Chic (#87); You're Supposed to Keep Your Love for Me by Jermaine Jackson (#88); (Sartorial Eloquence) Don't Ya Wanna Play this Game No More? by Elton John (#89); Let Me Be Your Angel by Stacy Lattisaw (#90); True Love Ways by Mickey Gilley (#96); I've Just Begun to Love You by Dynasty (#98); and Over You by Roxy Music (#99).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Misunderstanding--Genesis
2 It's Still Rock and Roll to Me--Billy Joel
3 Emotional Rescue--The Rolling Stones
4 The Rose--Bette Midler
5 Echo Beach--Martha & the Muffins
6 Little Jeannie--Elton John
7 Coming Up (Live at Glasgow)--Paul McCartney & Wings
8 Tired of Toein' the Line--Rocky Burnette
9 Magic--Olivia Newton-John
10 Funkytown--Lipps, Inc.

Singles entering the chart were The Royal Mile (Sweet Darlin') by Gerry Rafferty (#91); Heavenly Angels by Jenson Interceptor (#94); Hot Rod Hearts by Robbie Dupree (#97); and You're the Only Woman by Ambrosia (#98).

Terrorism
Three jets were hijacked from the U.S.A. to Cuba. Six men seized an Eastern Air Lines jet bound from Orlando to Miami; three men seized a Republic Airlines jet on the same route; and one man hijacked a Delta Air Lines jet from San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Protest
Polish authorities cut telephone lines to Gdansk and an Interfactory Strike Committee was formed by strikers in three Baltic cities to consolidate their efforts.

Politics and government
Choi Kyu Ha resigned as President of South Korea.

Diplomacy
Republican Party U.S. presidential candidate Ronald Reagan said that he favoured an "official government relationship" with Taiwan.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Put 'em Under Pressure--The Republic of Ireland Football Squad (12th week at #1)

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that consumer prices had increased 0.4% in July, and that prices had risen at an annual rate of 5.8% during the first seven months of 1990.

Football
CFL
Toronto (3-3) 41 @ Ottawa (1-5) 25

John Congemi completed 25 of 39 passes for 389 yards and touchdowns to Kevin Smellie and Trumaine Johnson to lead the Argos’ attack. Mr. Smellie rushed 15 times for 81 yards and another touchdown, while Mike "Pinball" Clemons picked up 71 yards on 7 carries, including a 62-yard touchdown in the 4th quarter. Lance Chomyc added 4 converts, 4 field goals, and a single. Ottawa quarterback Damon Allen threw touchdown passes to Jed Tommy and David Williams. Tony Cherry, replacing the injured Reggie Barnes, led the Rough Riders’ ground game with 15 carries for 91 yards, including a 28-yard touchdown run in the 3rd quarter. 27,591 were at Lansdowne Park, the largest crowd for a CFL game there in 7 years. The game marked the last in the CFL career of Ottawa wide receiver and kick returner Tyrone Thurman, who at 5’ 2" was the CFL’s shortest player. Mr. Thurman had become a fan favourite after joining the team during the 1989 season, and returning 2 punts for touchdowns. He missed the first 5 games of 1990 before finally getting to play, and was cut from the team after having a falling-out with head coach Steve Goldman.

20 years ago
2000

Politics and government
The U.S. Democratic National Convention at Staples Center in Los Angeles formally nominated Vice President Al Gore as its presidential candidate for the November election on the first ballot; he received 4,328 of 4,337 votes, with 9 abstentions. In his acceptance speech, Mr. Gore sought to draw a contrast between his positions on the issues, which he said favoured the poor and working families, and those of Republican nominee George W. Bush, which Mr. Gore said would favour the wealthy. Mr. Gore endorsed a patients’ bill of rights and prescription drug coverage for the elderly under Medicare.



Business
Republican Party U.S. vice presidential candidate Dick Cheney retired as Chief Executive Officer of Halliburton Corporation, with a retirement pension valued as high as $20 million.

Scandal
A three-judge U.S. federal panel authorized independent counsel Robert Ray to continue his investigation of President Bill Clinton in connection with Mr. Clinton’s testimony about White House intern Monica Lewinsky in the Paula Corbin Jones sexual harassment accusation case.

Society
The photograph of a 4-year-old boy abandoned in a Calgary supermarket was released in a bid to identify him and find his mother. The woman was located in the state of Washington.

Aviation
France and Great Britain revoked Concordes’ licenses to fly.

Disasters
Russia reversed its initial refusal to accept help from other countries in attempting to rescue the 118 crewmen aboard the submarine Kursk, which on August 12 had sunk 350 feet below sea level at the bottom of the Barents Sea.

Montana Governor Marc Racicot declared the entire state a disaster area as fires continued to burn out of control. Since late July, fires had burned more than a million acres in 13 western states.

Football
CFL
Winnipeg (1-5-1-1) 16 @ Calgary (6-0-1) 37

Allen Pitts, in his 11th season with the Stampeders, caught 9 passes for 125 yards to move past former Saskatchewan Roughrider Don Narcisse and become the CFL’s career leader in pass receptions with 920. Calgary quarterback Dave Dickenson completed 29 of 44 passes for 454 passes and 2 touchdowns to Travis Moore. Mr. Dickenson also rushed 5 times for 21 yards and 2 touchdowns as the Stampeders overcame an early 10-0 deficit. Harold Nash scored the only Winnipeg touchdown when he recovered a blocked punt in the Calgary end zone. 35,494 fans enjoyed the action at McMahon Stadium.



Baseball
Pinch hitter Adrian Beltre hit a 3-run home run to climax a 7-run rally in the top of the 8th inning for the Los Angeles Dodgers as they beat the Florida Marlins 10-4 before 11,855 fans at Pro Player Stadium in Miami.

The Atlanta Braves scored 3 runs in the bottom of the 8th inning on a double, an intentional walk, and 3 hit batsmen to break a 1-1 tie and defeat the San Diego Padres 4-1 before 31,650 fans at Turner Field in Atlanta. Atlanta starting pitcher Kevin Millwood allowed just 1 hit and no runs in 6 innings, with 8 strikeouts, but left with a strained patella tendon.

The Houston Astros hit 6 home runs in a game for the second time in four days as they held on to defeat the Pittsburgh Pirates 11-10 before 30,165 fans at Enron Field in Houston. The Pirates trailed 11-2 after 7 innings, but scored 3 runs in the 8th and 5 in the 9th, and had the potential tying run on second base with none out, but Houston relief pitcher Octavio Dotel retired 3 straight batters to end the game.

Dave Martinez singled with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning and Carlos Delgado followed with a home run to give the Toronto Blue Jays an 8-6 win over the Anaheim Angels before 32,497 fans at SkyDome in Toronto.

The Texas Rangers blanked the New York Yankees 5-0 before 34,446 fans at the Ballpark in Arlington as Brian Sikorski (1-0) allowed just 4 hits in 7+ innings, walking 4 batters and striking out 5 in his first major league game.

Terrence Long doubled home Matt Stairs and Eric Chavez with the bases loaded and 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning to complete a 3-run rally as the Oakland Athletics scored 6 runs in the last 3 innings and defeated the Cleveland Indians 7-6 before 32,376 fans at Network Associates Coliseum in Oakland. Cleveland third baseman Travis Fryman drove in 4 runs with a pair of home runs and a sacrifice fly.