April 28, 2021

410 years ago
1611

Academia
The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines, was established by Miguel de Benavides, Archbishop of Manila, as the largest Roman Catholic university in the world.

240 years ago
1781

Died on this date
Cornelius Harnett, 58. American politician. Mr. Harnett was a plantation owner who held various offices in the province of North Carolina; he represented North Carolina in the Continental Congress (1777-1779). When British forces occupied Wilmington, N.C. in January 1781, they captured and imprisoned Mr. Harnett; his health declined, and he died 18 days after his 58th birthday, shortly after being released on parole.

225 years ago
1796

War
The Armistice of Cherasco was signed by Napoleon Bonaparte and Vittorio Amedeo III, King of Sardinia, expanding French territory along the Mediterranean coast.

140 years ago
1881

Crime
Billy the Kid escaped from the Lincoln County, New Mexico jail, killing two deputies on guard.

130 years ago
1891

Transportation
RMS Empress of India, carrying 486 passengers and a cargo of tea and silk became the first of the Canadian Pacific Steamships "Empress" liners to arrive at Vancouver harbour, via the Suez Canal and Hong Kong. Canadian Pacific Steamships had signed a contract for subsidized mail service between Britain and Hong Kong via Canada.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Lee Falk. U.S. cartoonist, director, and producer. Mr. Falk, born Leon Gross, was best known for creating the comic strips Mandrake the Magician and The Phantom. He produced about 300 plays, and directed about 100. Mr. Falk died on March 13, 1999 at the age of 87.

Aviation
The first aeroplane flight in Alberta was made in Edmonton by Bob St. Henry.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Rowland Evans. U.S. journalist. Mr. Evans was a conservative political reporter in Washington, D.C. who partnered with Robert Novak to write a syndicated column, which began running in newspapers in 1963. The newsletter Evans-Novak Political Report began publication in 1967. The pair hosted the television panel program Evans & Novak on CNN from the early 1980s until Mr. Evans' death from esophageal cancer on March 23, 2001, just over a month before his 80th birthday.

Simin Dāneshvar. Iranian authoress. Miss Dāneshvar wrote short stories and novels in a career spanning more than 50 years, and was generally regarded as the first major Iranian woman novelist. She died after a bout of influenza at the age of 90 on March 8, 2012.

80 years ago
1941

War
The German advance continued in Greece. New Zealand Army Sergeant Jack Hinton earned the Victoria Cross for leading a counterattack against invading German troops in Kalamata.

Abominations
The Croatian nationalist organization Ustaše massacred nearly 200 Serbs in the village of Gudovac, the first massacre of their genocidal campaign against Serbs of the Independent State of Croatia.

Defense
Famed aviator Charles Lindbergh, an outspoken opponent of potential U.S. entry into the European war, wrote President Franklin D. Roosevelt that in view of Mr. Roosevelt's remarks "concerning my loyalty," he was resigning his commission as a colonel in the Army Air Corps.

Society
In a case brought by U.S. Representative Arthur Mitchell (Democrat--Illinois), the only Negro member of Congress, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously that Negroes were entitled to Pullman car accommodation and other first-class services equal to those that white passengers received on passenger trains.

Labour
Operators of soft coal mines in the Southern United States accepted President Roosevelt's request to reopen the mines and continue wage discussions, ending the 28-day Appalachian coal strike of 400,000 miners. The U.S. National Association of Manufacturers condemned strikes as "a major bottleneck" in defense production, claiming that over three million man-days had been lost during the first three months of 1941 as a result of strikes, more than half of them in defense industries.

75 years ago
1946

Died on this date
François de la Rocque, 60. French politician. Mr. de la Rocque led the fascist Croix de Feu movement from 1930-1936, and founded and led the more moderate nationalist Parti Social Français from 1936–1940, when he supported Vichy regime leader Marshal Philippe Petain, before turning against the principle of collaboration with the Nazis.

War
Chinese Communist forces seized Tsitsihar, an important Manchurian railway centre.

Diplomacy
Azerbaijani leader Mir Sayid Jafar Pishevari arrived in Tehran to discuss Iranian Prime Minister Ahmad Ghavam Saltaneh's seven-point peace proposal under which the autonomous province of Azerbaijan would return to central government control.

Defense
The U.S. Army-Navy Munitions Board announced plans for a survey of the nation's caverns for underground military and industrial installations in the event of an atomic war.

Protest
More than 4,000 Germans engaged in a four-hour riot after an attack on civilians in Landsberg by Jews from the nearby displaced persons camp.

Religion
The Alliance for the Preservation of American Reform Judaism, opposed to Zionism and Jewish nationalism, was formed in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

Economics and finance
The Russell Sage Foundation reported that low interest rates were reducing funds availabe to the nation's 505 social welfare foundations, which had an estimated $1.8 billion in capital assets.

70 years ago
1951

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Nevertheless (I'm in Love with You)--Paul Weston and his Orchestra with the Norman Luboff Choir (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): How High the Moon--Les Paul and Mary Ford (Best Seller--2nd week at #1; Disc Jockey--1st week at #1); If--Perry Como (Jukebox--5th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Mockin’ Bird Hill--Les Paul and Mary Ford (2nd week at #1)
--Patti Page
2 Be My Love--Mario Lanza
3 If--Perry Como
4 Aba Daba Honeymoon--Debbie Reynolds and Carleton Carpenter
5 On Top of Old Smoky--The Weavers and Terry Gilkyson
--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra
6 Would I Love You (Love You, Love You)--Patti Page
7 Beautiful Brown Eyes--Rosemary Clooney
8 My Heart Cries for You--Guy Mitchell
--Dinah Shore
--Vic Damone
--Jimmy Wakely
9 You’re Just in Love--Perry Como
10 Sparrow in the Tree Top--Guy Mitchell
--Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters

Singles entering the chart were We Kissed in a Shadow, with versions by Frank Sinatra; and Perry Como (#31); Too Late Now by Toni Arden (#32); Faithfully Yours by Tony Martin (#33); and I Love the Way You Say Goodnight by Dean Martin (#37).

War
U.S. and U.K. forces in Korea withdrew to a line four miles north of Seoul in the face of strong Chinese Communist attacks.

Diplomacy
The Hungarian government released International Telephone & Telegraph Vice President and alleged spy Robert Vogeler after 17 months' imprisonment in return for several U.S. concessions, incuding reopening of the Hungarian consulates in New York and Cleveland, and the return of $70 million in Hungarian property confiscated by the Nazis and still held in the American zone of Germany.

Politics and government
Prime Minister Robert Menzies led his Liberal Party/Country Party coalition to victory in the Australian federal election. The coalition won 69 of 121 seats in the House of Representatives--down from 74 in the most recent election in 1949--while the Labour Party, led by Ben Chifley, increased from 47 to 52 seats. The coalition achieved a majority in the Senate, taking 32 seats--an increase of 6--to 28 for Labour.



U.S. President Harry Truman authorized the dismissal of federal employees or denial of jobs to applicants on "reasonable doubt" as to their loyalty to the United States.

World events
The Paraguayan government announced the arrest in Asuncion of Captain Bartolome Araujo, leader of troops who rebelled in northern Paraguay during the 1947 civil war.

Science
California Institute of Technology physicist Robert Leighton reported the discovery of the long-sought negative proton, one of the rarest of fundamental cosmic ray particles.

Oil
Sheik Abdullah of Kuwait asked the U.S.- and U.K.-owned Kuwait Oil Company to raise his royalties to $200,000 per day.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): You're Driving Me Crazy--The Temperance Seven

On television tonight
The Twilight Zone, on CBS
Tonight’s episode: The Silence, starring Franchot Tone, Liam Sullivan, and Jonathan Harris

Died on this date
Tommy Connolly, 90. U.K.-born U.S. baseball umpire. Mr. Connolly, a native of Manchester, emigrated to the United States with his family in 1885, and soon became interested in baseball. He umpired in the New England League (1894-1897) and moved up to the National League in 1898. Unhappy with NL President Nicholas Young's reluctance to back up the league's umpires, Mr. Connolly resigned early in the 1900 season, and joined the American League when the AL began operating as a major league in 1901. He worked in the AL for the next 30 years, establishing a reputation as the league's best umpire. Mr. Connolly was removed from field duty in June 1931 by American League President Will Harridge, who was concerned about the quality of the league's umpires. Mr. Connolly was made the AL's supervisor of umpires, holding that position in 1954, coming out of retirement to work in one game in 1932. He worked 4,770 regular season major league games in 35 yers (1898-1932), and 45 World Series games in 8 years. Mr. Connolly was inducted into the Honor Rolls of Baseball in 1946; with Bill Klem of the National League, he was one of the first two umpires inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953.

Baseball
Warren Spahn (2-1), 40, pitched his second career no-hitter as the Milwaukee Braves edged the San Francisco Giants 1-0 before 8,518 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee. His first no-hitter had come the previous September 16 at home against the Philadelphia Phillies. Hank Aaron singled home Frank Bolling with the game’s only run with 2 out in the bottom of the 1st inning off losing pitcher Sam Jones (2-1), who allowed 5 hits and struck out 10 batters.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Double Barrel--Dave and Ansel Collins

At the movies
Bananas, co-written and directed by Woody Allen, and starring Mr. Allen, Louise Lasser, Howard Cosell, and Carlos Montalban, opened in theatres.



Boxing
Cleveland Williams (75-11-1) won a 10-round majority decision over Ted Gullick (15-3) in a heavyweight bout at Cleveland Arena.

Basketball
NBA
Finals
Baltimore 99 @ Milwaukee 107 (Milwaukee led best-of-seven series 3-0)

Bob Dandridge scored 29 points and grabbed 10 rebounds, while Lew Alcindor added 23 points and 21 rebounds for the Bucks as they defeated the Bullets before 10,746 fans at Milwaukee Arena. Jack Marin led Baltimore scorers with 21 points, while Wes Unseld scored 20 points and grabbed 23 rebounds.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates (5th week at #1)
2 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
3 Morning Train (Nine to Five)--Sheena Easton
4 Angel of the Morning--Juice Newton
5 While You See a Chance--Steve Winwood
6 Somebody's Knockin'--Terri Gibbs
7 I Can't Stand It--Eric Clapton and his Band
8 You Better You Bet--The Who
9 Ain't Even Done with the Night--John Cougar
10 Take it on the Run--REO Speedwagon

Singles entering the chart were Take it on the Run; and Bette Davis Eyes by Kim Carnes (#20).

Died on this date
Mickey Walker, 77 or 79. U.S. boxer. Mr. Walker, nicknamed "The Toy Bulldog," compiled a record of 131-25-6-2 in a professional career from 1919-1935. He gradually moved up in weight classification, holding the world welterweight (1922-1926) and middleweight (1926-1929) titles before briefly moving up to the heavyweight division and finishing as a light heavyweight. Mr. Walker is regarded as one of the best middleweights in history, and was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1990. He became an accomplished painter and restaurateur after his boxing career, but suffered from various health problems in his later years.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Semi-Finals
New York Rangers 2 @ New York Islanders 5 (Islanders led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Minnesota 4 @ Calgary 1 (Minnesota led best-of-seven series 1-0)

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Trippin'--Push Push (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Joyride--Roxette (4th week at #1)

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 Joyride--Roxette (5th week at #1)
2 No Coke--Dr. Alban
3 Secret Love--Bee Gees
4 How to Dance--Bingoboys featuring Princessa
5 Should I Stay or Should I Go--The Clash
6 Sister Soul & Mr. Beat--Beat 4 Feet featuring Kim Cooper
7 Crazy--Seal
8 Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)--C & C Music Factory featuring Freedom Williams
9 Blue Hotel--Chris Isaak
10 (I Wanna Give You) Devotion--Nomad featuring MC Mikee Freedom

Singles entering the chart were Where the Streets Have No Name (I Can't Take My Eyes Off You) by Pet Shop Boys (#14); One More Try by Timmy T (#20); You Got the Love (Erens Bootleg Mix) by The Source featuring Candi Staton (#25); Too Late (True Love) by the Real Milli Vanilli (#26); Venedig im Regen by Thomas Forstner (#27); and Wiggle It by 2 in a Room (#30).

Died on this date
Ken Curtis, 74. U.S. actor and singer. Mr. Curtis, born Curtis Gates, sang with the orchestras of Tommy Dorsey and Shep Fields before joining the Sons of the Pioneers from 1949-1953. He was best known for playing Festus Haggen in the television Western series Gunsmoke from 1963-1975.

Economics and finance
Ontario Treasurer Floyd Laughren presented a $52.8-billion spending budget that would triple the provincial deficit to a record $9.7 billion; Mr. Laughren went against the advice of the federal government of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.

Hockey
IIHF Men’s World Championship
Group A
Czechoslovakia (3-4) 4 Canada (4-2-1) 3
U.S.S.R. (6-0-1) 5 Sweden (3-0-4) 5
Switzerland (1-6) 5 Germany (0-6-1) 2
U.S.A. (3-2-2) 2 Finland (3-3-1) 1

NHL
Stanley Cup
Division Finals
St. Louis 2 @ Minnesota 3 (Minnesota led best-of-seven series 4-2)
Los Angeles 3 @ Edmonton 4 (OT) (Edmonton won best-of-series 4-2)

Baseball
The Minnesota Twins defeated the Seattle Mariners 8-2 before 18,039 fans at Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis as Jack Morris (2-3) allowed 7 hits and 2 earned runs in 6 innings to get his 200th career major league win.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): California Love--2Pac featuring Dr. Dre

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): Children--Robert Miles

#1 single in Switzerland: Children--Robert Miles (11th week at #1)

#1 single in Scotland (OCC): Ooh Aah...Just a Little Bit--Gina G (4th week at #1)

Died on this date
Lester Sumrall, 83. U.S. clergyman. Mr. Sumrall was an Assemblies of God pastor who founded World Harvest Radio International in 1968 and World Harvest Television in 1972; he was known as the "Father of Christian television."

Music
This blogger, with enjoyable female company, attended a chamber music performance by members of the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra at the Citadel Theatre's Maclab Theatre.

Crime
Gunman Martin Bryant opened fire on a crowd at a popular tourist site in Port Arthur, Tasmania, killing 35 and wounding 18.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Conference Quarter-Finals
New York Rangers 5 @ Montreal 3 (New York won best-of-seven series 4-2)
Pittsburgh 3 @ Washington 2 (Pittsburgh won best-of-seven series 4-2)
Detroit 4 @ Winnipeg 1 (Detroit won best-of-seven series 4-2)

The Red Wings eliminated the Jets in the last National Hockey League game ever played at Winnipeg Arena, and the last game played by the Winnipeg Jets before they moved to Phoenix to become the Coyotes for the 1996-97 season.

Baseball
The Montreal Expos scored 7 runs in the 1st inning and 11 in the first 3 innings and went on to beat the Colorado Rockies 21-9 before 48,006 fans at Coors Field in Denver. Montreal shortstop and leadoff hitter Mark Grudzielanek batted 5 for 7 with a double, 2 runs, and 2 runs batted in.

The Cleveland Indians scored 6 runs in the 1st inning and 3 in the 2nd as they routed the Toronto Blue Jays 17-3 before 31,143 fans at SkyDome in Toronto.

20 years ago
2001

Space
Dennis Tito, 60, a billionaire businessman and former NASA employee from California, became the first paying passenger to go into space, aboard Soyuz TM-32, a Russian mission with a crew of Talgat Musabayev (Commander) and Yuri Baturin (Flight Engineer).

Baseball
Geoff Jenkins hit 3 home runs and drove in 6 runs to lead the Milwaukee Brewers past the Montreal Expos 8-4 before 40,877 fans at Miller Park in Milwaukee.

10 years ago
2011

Politics and government
U.S. President Barack Obama reshuffled his national security team, with Central Intelligence Agency Director Leon Panetta succeeding Defense Secretary Robert Gates and General David Petraeus replacing Mr. Panetta at the CIA.

Crime
Phillip Garrido and his wife Nancy pleaded guilty to kidnapping and raping Jaycee Dugard, who was abducted in California in 1991 at age 11 and rescued 18 years later. The Garridos were sentenced to up to life in prison.

Figure Skating
Patrick Chan of Canada won his first men's world figure skating title, sweeping all three world records, with 93.02 points for his short program, 187.96 points for his long program and 280.98 points overall at Megasport Arena in Moscow. Mr. Chan won again in 2012 and 2013.

March 24, 2021

340 years ago
1681

Born on this date
George Philipp Telemann. German musician and composer. Mr. Telemann, who played almost every instrument available, was the most prolific composer of his time. Over 3,000 of his works survive, and it seems as though CKUA radio in Edmonton has played them all. He died on June 25, 1767 at the age of 86.

300 years ago
1721

Music
Johann Sebastian Bach dedicated six concertos to Margrave Christian Ludwig of Brandenburg-Schwedt, now commonly called the Brandenburg Concertos.

125 years ago
1896

Radio
At the Physical and Chemical Society in St. Petersburg, A. S. Popov allegedly used radio waves to transmit the Morse code message "GENRICH GERC" ("HEINRICH HERTZ" in Russian) to another building 250 metres away.

120 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Ub Iwerks. U.S. animator. Mr. Iwerks met Walt Disney in 1919, and eventually became Mr. Disney's chief animator, co-creating Oswald the Lucky Rabbit and Mickey Mouse. Mr. Iwerks left to start his own studio in 1930, creating the characters Flip the Frog and Willie Whopper. The studio went out of business in 1936, and Mr. Iwerks returned to the Disney studio in 1940; his work there included the combination of live action and animation in Song of the South (1946). He won two Academy Awards, and died of a heart attack on July 7, 1971 at the age of 70.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Joseph Barbera. U.S. animator. Mr. Barbera worked at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1937-1957; he and colleague William Hanna produced the Tom & Jerry cartoons. In 1957 Messrs. Hanna and Barbera founded Hanna-Barbera, the most successful animation studio in television. Hanna-Barbera produced such programs as The Flintstones (1960-1966) and The Jetsons (1962-1963, 1985, 1987), and won seven Academy Awards and eight Emmy Awards. Mr. Barbera died on December 18, 2006 at the age of 95.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Vasily Smyslov. U.S.S.R. chess player. Mr. Smyslov was a Grandmaster who was a Candidate for the World Chess Championship on eight occasions from 1948-1985; he defeated defending champion Mikhail Botvinnik 12½–9½ to win the world championship in 1957, but lost the rematch to Mr. Botvinnik 12½–10½ a year later. Mr. Smyslov's total of 17 Chess Olympiad medals remains the record. He died from congestive heart failure on March 27, 2010, three days after his 89th birthday.

Died on this date
Larry McLean, 39. Canadian-born U.S. baseball player. Mr. McLean, a native of Fredericton, New Brunswick, grew up in the Boston area. He was a catcher with the Boston Americans (1901); Chicago Cubs (1903); St. Louis Cardinals (1904, 1913); Cincinnati Reds (1906-1912); and New York Giants (1913-1915), batting .262 with 6 home runs and 298 runs batted in in 862 games. Mr. McLean batted .500 (6 for 12) with 2 runs batted in the Giants' 5-game loss to the Philadelphia Athletics in the 1913 World Series. He was a heavy drinker, and his career ended in a mid-season hotel brawl with Giants' manager John McGraw and scout Dick Kinsella. Mr. McLean was fatally shot in a speakeasy in Boston by a bartender who claimed that Mr. McLean was attempting to attack him. Mr. McLean was inducted into the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006.

Sport
The 1921 Women's Olympiad, the first international women's sports event, began in Monte Carlo.

Hockey
NHL/PCHA
Stanley Cup
Finals

Ottawa Senators (NHL) 4 @ Vancouver Millionaires (PCHA) 3 (Best-of-five series tied 1-1)

80 years ago
1941

War
London suffered its heaviest air attack of the year when German bombers pounded the city for six hours. German forces commanded by Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel attacked and captured El Aghella, Libya. Japan claimed to have occupied Swabue on Honghai Bay near Hong Kong, while other Japanese forces crossed the Tathow Channel and captured Chaoyang in moves designed to close the remaining coastal route into free China. Chinese and Japanese reports announced bitter fighting on the island of Hainan, with China claiming a victory.

Defense
The United States Senate voted 67-9 to pass the $7-billion Lend-Lease appropriation bill after less than two hours of debate. Publication of correspondence between the U.S. State Department and Canada revealed that for the first time since 1817, the two countries would construct naval vessels on the Great Lakes for ocean use.

Journalism
U.S. Navy Secretary Frank Knox urged the press to refrain from reporting on or photographing damaged British warships coming to the United States for repairs.

Labour
The Congress of Industrial Organizations Steel Workers Organizing Committee (SWOC) called a strike at the Bethlehem Steel Corporation's plant in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania to protest against a company union. U.S. Representative Martin Dies (Democrat--Texas) told the House of Representatives that he had "indisputable evidence" that the Communist Party, through its members in the SWOC, "is working toward a complete tie-up in the steel industry."

Basketball
NCAA
NIT @ Madison Square Garden, New York
Final
Long Island 56 Ohio 42

75 years ago
1946

Died on this date
Carl Schuhmann, 66. German athlete. Mr. Schuhmann competed in numerous events at the first modern Summer Olympic Games in Athens in 1896, winning three gold medals in men's artistic gymnastics and another in Greco-Roman wrestling, while finishing fourth in the clean and jerk weightlifting event, fifth in triple jump, and competing in shot put and long jump. When the Olympics were held in Berlin in 1936, he participated in a gymnastics exhibition at Olympic Stadium.

Aleksandr Alekhine, 53. Russian-born French chess player. Mr. Alekhine was a Grandmaster who emigrated to France in 1921. He defeated José Raúl Capablanca to win the world championship in 1927, and dominated tournament play until losing his title to Max Euwe in 1935. Mr. Alekhine regained the championship in the rematch against Mr. Euwe in 1937, and cooperated with occupying Nazi authorities in France during World War II in order to protect his French wife's assets. Mr. Alekhine's wartime activities resulted in his not being invited to tournaments outside the Iberian peninsula. He was preparing to defend his title in Estoril, Portugal when he was found dead in his hotel room; his death was attributed to a heart attack, although one reported witness to the autopsy said that Mr. Alekhine had choked on a piece of meat. Mr. Alekhine was opposed to Communism and the Soviet government, and conspiracy theories assert that he was murdered and the evidence altered.

War
A Bangkok high court ordered the release of Luang Pibul Songgram--Prime Minister of Thailand during the World War II Japanese occupation--and all other prisoners being held on war crimes charges.

Defense
U.S. President Harry Truman threatened to send American naval forces to the Mediterranean Sea if the U.S.S.R. did not remove her troops from Iran as agreed at the Potsdam Conference in 1945. Moscow radio announced that the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Meshed, Shanrud, and Semnan was complete, and that remaining troops woul be evacuated from Iran in five or six weeks.

Politics and government
The British Cabinet Mission, consisting of Lord Pethick-Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps and A. V. Alexander, arrived in India to discuss and plan for the transfer of power from the British Raj to Indian leadership.

Science
The Soviet newspaper Izvestia reported that the U.S.S.R. would spend hundreds of millions of rubles in a five-year scientific program, including the study of atomic energy and cosmic rays.

Economics and finance
A committee of 39 Democratic and 4 Republican members of the U.S. House of Representatives was formed to press for passage of the minimum wage bill.

Golf
Sam Snead won the Greensboro Open with a record-tying total score of 270.

70 years ago
1951

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Silver Dollar--Art Mooney and his Orchestra

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): If--Perry Como (Best Seller--3rd week at #1; Disc Jockey--4th week at #1); The Tennessee Waltz--Patti Page (Jukebox--12th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Be My Love--Mario Lanza (4th week at #1)
2 If--Perry Como
3 My Heart Cries for You--Guy Mitchell
--Dinah Shore
--Vic Damone
--Jimmy Wakely
4 You’re Just in Love--Perry Como
5 The Tennessee Waltz--Patti Page
--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians
--Les Paul and Mary Ford
--Jo Stafford
6 Aba Daba Honeymoon--Debbie Reynolds and Carleton Carpenter
7 The Roving Kind--Guy Mitchell
--The Weavers
8 So Long (It’s Been Good to Know You)--Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra and the Weavers
9 A Penny a Kiss--Tony Martin and Dinah Shore
10 Mockin’ Bird Hill--Les Paul and Mary Ford
--Patti Page

Singles entering the chart were You and Your Beautiful Eyes by Dean Martin (#32); Oh, What a Face! by Phil Harris (#33); and Vesti la Giubba (On with the Play) by Mario Lanza (#38). You and Your Beautiful Eyes was the other side of his version of Tonda Wonda Hoy, charting at #37. Aba Daba Honeymoon was from the movie Two Weeks with Love (1950).

War
Commander-in-Chief of the United Nations Command General Douglas MacArthur reported that South Korea had been "substantially cleared" of Communist troops, and threatened an extension of military operations to Chinese "coastal and interior areas."

Defense
U.S. Defense Secretary George Marshall revealed in his semi-annual report that U.S. defense production was nearing the highest levels of World War II.

Energy
Argentine President Juan Peron claimed that "controlled release of atomic energy" had been produced in Argentina on a "technical" scale.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Wooden Heart--Elvis Presley

On television tonight
The Twilight Zone, on CBS
Tonight’s episode: The Prime Mover, starring Dane Clark and Buddy Ebsen

At the movies
Town Without Pity, directed by Gottfried Reinhardt, and starring Kirk Douglas, Barbara Rütting, Christine Kaufmann, and E. G. Marshall, opened in theatres in West Germany.





Politics and government
The Québec government of Premier Jean Lesage announced the creation of the Ministry of Cultural Affairs, and under it, the Office de la langue française (OLF), responsible for promoting the French language in Québec.

Education
The Québec government established the Royal Commission of Inquiry on Education (Parent Commission), chaired by Monsignor Alphonse-Marie Parent, vice-rector of Université Laval. The rest of the members were publicly named a month later, and the commission held its first hearings on December 5, 1961.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Hot Love--T. Rex

War
Operation Lam Song 719, the 44-day U.S.-South Vietnamese invasion of Laos ended when the last South Vietnamese units pulled out under heavy Communist assaults. South Vietnam reported 1,146 killed and 4,235 wounded over the 44 days. The United States lost 66 helicopter crewmen, with 79 wounded. 94 U.S. helicopters and 5 planes were destroyed. South Vietnam claimed that 13,668 North Vietnamese troops had been killed and 167 taken prisoner, along with 6,657 weapons captured, 120 tanks and 297 trucks destroyed, and tons of ammunition, weapons, and food taken. Unreported masses of South Vietnamese equipment, including tanks, artillery, and helicopters were also lost.

Law
The Québec Police Commission recommended forming a contingency plan for emergencies, after examining the Montréal police walkout of October 7, 1969.

Transportation
The U.S. Senate voted to end government sponsorship of the supersonic transport.

40 years ago
1981

Politics and government
Progressive Conservative Members of Parliament filibustered in the Canadian House of Commons in an effort to halt Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's constitutional proposals.

Crime
Britain’s "Great Train Robber," Ronnie Biggs, was rescued by Barbados police after being kidnapped in Rio de Janeiro several days earlier.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department announced that consumer prices had risen 1% during February, probably because of the administration of President Ronald Reagan’s decontrol of oil prices.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Unchained Melody--The Righteous Brothers (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Crazy--Seal (3rd week at #1)

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)--C & C Music Factory featuring Freedom Williams
2 Hello Afrika--Dr. Alban featuring Leila K.
3 Kränk di net--Jazz Gitti & her Disco Killers
4 Sister Soul & Mr. Beat--Beat 4 Feet featuring Kim Cooper
5 Unchained Melody--The Righteous Brothers
6 Joyride--Roxette
7 Crazy--Seal
8 3 A.M. Eternal (Live at the S.S.L.)--The KLF
9 Fantasy--Black Box
10 To Love Somebody--Jimmy Somerville

Singles entering the chart were Blue Hotel by Chris Isaak (#15); G.L.A.D. by Kim Appleby (#27); Solid Gold by Ashley & Jackson (#28); and No Coke by Dr. Alban (#29).

Died on this date
John Kerr, 76. Governor-General of Australia, 1974-1977. Sir John, who took office as Governor-General after serving as Chief Justice of New South Wales, was in office during a constitutional crisis in 1975 that resulted in his dismissal of Prime Minister Gough Whitlam and asking Malcolm Fraser to form a government.

Religion
It was the last Sunday for Rev. Albert Runge as senior pastor at Beulah Alliance Church in Edmonton. Pastor Runge had been at Beulah for 9½ years, and thought it was a good time to step down. He moved to Abbotsford, British Columbia to become senior pastor at Seven Oaks Alliance Church, while Keith Taylor replaced him at Beulah Alliance.

Hockey
NHL
Los Angeles 4 @ Edmonton 3 (OT)

CIAU
Men’s championship final
Quebec at Trois Rivieres 7 Alberta 2

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Mysterious Girl--Peter Andre featuring Bubbler Ranx (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): Macarena--Los Del Rio

#1 single in Switzerland: Children--Robert Miles (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Scotland (OCC): Children--Robert Miles (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Mark Goodkey, 22. Canadian hockey player. Mr. Goodkey was a defenceman with the University of Alberta (1993-96), scoring 11 points in 50 games. He was playing in a recreational game in Stettler, Alberta, and dropped to block a shot with 4 minutes remaining in the game. The puck struck him in the neck, breaking his neck and causing an artery to explode, killing him instantly. The Golden Bears instituted a scholarship in Mr. Goodkey's honour.

Space
As part of mission STS-76, Mission Specialist Shannon Lucid transferred from the U.S. space shuttle Atlantis to the Russian space station Mir to begin a 4½-month stay, becoming the first American woman to go aboard the station.



Basketball
NBA
Cleveland 90 @ Vancouver 85

The Grizzlies' loss to the Cavaliers at Pacific Coliseum was their 18th straight, making them the first team to have two losing streaks of at least 18 games in the same season.

20 years ago
2001

Figure skating
At the world championships at General Motors Place in Vancouver, British Columbia, Michelle Kwan of the United States captured her fourth career gold medal in the women’s singles competition. Fellow American Sarah Hughes won the bronze medal.



10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
Richard Leacock, 89. U.K. film producer and director. Mr. Leacock produced, directed, and photographed documentaries in a career spanning more than 50 years, and was a pioneer of direct cinema and cinéma vérité. He and fellow documentarian D.A. Pennebaker formed a production company in 1966. Mr. Leacock moved to Paris in 1989, and died there.

War
Canadian F-14 jets helped to enforce the United Nations' no-fly zone over Libya, driving tanks loyal to Libyan dictator Moammar Gadhafi out of Misrata and destroying an ammunition depot.

Energy
The government of Quebec struck a deal with the government of Canada to allow the province to draw all natural-gas royalties from Old Harry, deposits in a disputed area in the Gulf of St. Lawrence off the Magdalen Islands.

March 21, 2021

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Nikki Quitazol and Nadiia Marchuk!

220 years ago
1801

Died on this date
Andrea Luchesi, 59. Italian-born composer. Mr. Luchesi was an organist whose compositions included five symphonies, works for organ, and choral works. He moved to Bonn in 1771, and remained there until his death.

War
British forces commanded by Sir Ralph Abercromby defeated French forces led by Jacques Menou in the Battle of Alexandria in Egypt. Sir Ralph was struck in the thigh by a musket ball, and died a week later.

200 years ago
1821

Business
The North West Company was forced to merge with the Hudson's Bay Company.

160 years ago
1861

Politics and government
Alexander Stephens, Vice President of the Confederate States of America, gave the Cornerstone Speech at the Athenaeum in Savannah, Georgia, laying out the Confederacy's rationale for seceding from the United States.

150 years ago
1871

Exploration
U.S. journalist Henry M. Stanley began his trek to Africa find the missionary and explorer David Livingstone.

Politics and government
Otto von Bismarck was appointed as the first Chancellor of the German Empire.

The Liberal party, led by Edward Blake, won 43 of 82 seats in the Legislative Assembly in the Ontario provincial election. The governing Conservatives, led by Premier John Sandfield Macdonald, took 38 seats, and 1 Conservative-Liberal candidate was elected. The Liberals and Conservatives had each won 41 seats in the most recent election in 1867, resulting in a coalition government.

140 years ago
1881

Canadiana
The Canadian Parliament passed “An Act to provide for the extension of the boundaries of the Province of Manitoba” (44 V, c14). The Act extended the eastern boundary of Manitoba to a "line drawn due north from where the westerly boundary of the province of Ontario intersects the boundary dividing Canada from the United States". The governments of Manitoba and the Dominion understood that Manitoba’s eastern boundary lay near Port Arthur, Ontario. The government of Ontario, on the other hand, felt that her boundary did not end until the western most reaches of the Lake of the Woods, near Rat Portage (Kenora). The Act goes went effect on August 15, 1881.

130 years ago
1891

Died on this date
Joseph E. Johnston, 84. U.S. and C.S. military officer and politician. General Johnson joined the U.S. Army in 1829, and served with distinction in the Mexican-American War and the Seminole Wars. A native and resident of Virginia, he was one of the most senior officers in the Confederate States Army in the American Civil War. Gen . Johnson was a railroad and insurance executive after the war; a Democrat, he represented Virginia's 3rd District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1879-1881). He maintained friendly relations with former Union Army General William Tecumseh Sherman, and was an honourary pallbearer at Gen. Sherman's funeral in February 1991, doffing his hat out of respect despite it being a rainy day. Gen. Johnson developed a cold which turned into pneumonia, causing his death.

120 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Karl Arnold. West German politician. Mr. Arnold, a member of the Christian Democratic Union, was Minister President of North Rhine-Westphalia (1947-1956) and President of the German Bundesrat (1949-1950). He was a member of the Bundestag from 1957 until his death on June 29, 1958 at the age of 57.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Walter Lincoln Hawkins. U.S. chemist and inventor. Mr. Hawkins was a pioneer of polymer chemistry who worked at Bell Laboratories for 34 years. He was instrumental in designing a long-lasting plastic to sheath telephone cables, enabling the introduction of telephone services to thousands of Americans, especially those in rural communities. Mr. Hawkins became the first Negro to be elected to the National Academy of Engineering (1975), and was awarded the National Medal of Technology in 1992, shortly before his death from heart failure on August 20 of that year at the age of 81.

Politics and government
Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn was appointed Governor General of Canada; he succeeded Earl Grey on October 13, 1911.

Business
Shell Company of Canada Ltd. was founded in Montreal as a branch of Royal Dutch Shell. The company began marketing gasoline in Montreal, while in British Columbia, Shell of California set up business in Vancouver where it operated as the Shell Company of British Columbia.

Disasters
A Royal Northwest Mounted police search party led by Inspector William Dempster from Dawson City, Yukon found the bodies of Inspector Francis Joseph Fitzgerald and three other members of a mail patrol, only 25 miles from the safety of Fort McPherson, Northwest Territories. The tragic trip became known as "The Lost Patrol."

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Arthur Grumiaux. Belgian musician. Mr. Grumiaux was a classical violinist who had a performing and recording career spanning more than 45 years until his death from a stroke on October 16, 1986 at the age of 65.

Antony Hopkins. U.K. composer and broadcaster. Mr. Hopkins, born Antony Reynolds, was a pianist whose works included several operas and numerous film scores, including scores for Cast a Dark Shadow (1955) and Billy Budd (1962). He hosted the BBC radio program Talking About Music (1954-1992), and died on May 6, 2014 at the age of 93.

Abominations
The New Economic Policy was implemented in Russia by the Bolshevik Party in response to the economic failure as a result of war communism.

Hockey
Stanley Cup
Finals
Ottawa Senators (NHL) 1 @ Vancouver Millionaires (PCHA) 2 (Vancouver led best-of-five series 1-0)

The attendance of 11,000 at Denman Arena set a world record for a single hockey game.

80 years ago
1941

At the movies
Carl Peters, directed by Herbert Selpin, and starring Hans Albers, Karl Dannemann, and Fritz Odemar, opened in theatres in Germany.



Diplomacy
The Colombian government announced that Colombia and Venezuela would sign a treaty on April 5 ending their century-old border dispute.

Politics and government
Three Yugoslav cabinet ministers resigned in protest against signing a non-aggression pact with Germany.

Labour
Clarence Dykstra resigned as director of the U.S. Selective Service System to assume his new duties as chairman of the National Defense Mediation Board.

The U.S. National Labor Relations Board cited Ford Motor Company on charges of continued unfair labour practices at its River Rouge, Lincoln, and Highland Park, Michigan plants. Ford was accused of dismissing 253 workers for Congress of Industrial Organizations United Auto Workers activities.

The American Federation of Labor construction strike at Wright Field in Dayton, Ohio ended with four CIO electricians, whose hiring had led to the strike, allowed to continue on the job.

Boxing
Joe Louis (47-1) retained his world heavyweight title with a technical knockout of Abe Simon (34-8) at 1:20 of the 13th round at Olympia Stadium in Detroit. Mr. Simon was knocked down 4 times.

75 years ago
1946

War
Former Nazi Reichsmarschall Hermann Goering, testifying at his war crimes trial in Nuremberg, admitted ordering the burning of villages in reprisal for partisan attacks and said he knew that slave labourers were forced to work in Germany.

Diplomacy
The United Nations Security Council rejected the U.S.S.R's request for a delay in considering Iran's appeal regarding the continuing presence of Soviet troops in Iran.

The United States Senate confirmed the appointment of U.S. Army General Walter Bedell Smith as U.S. Ambassador to the U.S.S.R.

Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill ended his visit to the United States and sailed for England aboard the Queen Mary.

Defense
The U.S. State Department notified all Latin American nations that the United States would not sign a hemispheric pact to maintain peace and security of the Argentine government of President Juan Peron participated.

U.S. Secretary of State James Byrnes told the Senate Military Affairs Committee that failure to extend the draft would result in a critical manpower shortage in U.S. occupation forces.

Politics and government
Paul-Henri Spaak submitted his resignation as Prime Minister of Belgium after the centrist Christian Socialist Party refused to support his government, attacking it as "excessively socialist" in character.

Health
U.K. Health Minister Aneurin Bevan introduced the Labour Party government's national health service bill into the House of Commons, aimed at providing every Briton with medical care "from birth to death."

Exploration
Soviet geologist Vladimir Vize announced in Moscow plans for an oceanographic and geophysical survey of the unexplored part of the central Arctic.

Literature
Van Wyck Brooks was awarded the U.S. National Institute of Arts and Letters Gold Medal for essays and criticism; the Gold Medal was awarded once every 10 years.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Harry Truman met with French emissary Leon Blum regarding a proposed American loan to France.

The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration Central Committee nominated former New York City Mayor Fiorello La Guardia as its secretary-general, replacing Herbert Lehman.

Sumner Pike resigned after six years as a member of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commisson.

Football
NFL
The Los Angeles Rams signed halfback Kenny Washington, making him the first Negro player in the National Football League since 1933.

70 years ago
1951

Died on this date
Willem Mengelberg, 79. Dutch conductor and composer. Mr. Mengelberg was a pianist and composer before beginning his lengthy career as a conductor. He was best known as principal conductor of the Concertgebouw Orchestra in Amsterdam (1895-1945), famous for his performances of the works of Beethoven, Brahms, Mahler, and Richard Strauss, although he was criticized for neglecting Dutch composers. Mr. Mengelberg was also the musical director of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra (1922-1928), and made recordings with both orchestras. He was on friendly terms with the Nazis during their occupation of the Netherlands during World War II. After the war, Mr. Mengelberg was banned from conducting in the Netherlands for life, a ban that was reduced to six years. He went into exile in Switzerland, and died there, a week before his 80th birthday and two months before the expiration of his exile order.

Literature
Sinclair Lewis's 22nd and final novel, World So Wide, was published in New York by Random House.

War
U.S. tank patrols occupied Chunchon, a Korean transportation hub eight miles south of the 38th Parallel, following the withdrawal of Communist Chinese forces.

Defense
U.S. Defense Secretary George Marshall told President Harry Truman in a telegram that U.S. military manpower had doubles since the start of the Korean War and now exceeded 2.9 million.

Crime
The U.S. Senate Crime Investigating Committee returned to Washington after 1½ weeks of televised hearings on crime and corruption in New York.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Geological Survey reported the discovery in Brazil of large iron ore deposits and the largest manganese deposits in the Western Hemisphere.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Romantica--Robertino

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Erling Lindahl and Einar Vaage, on Norsk Rikskringkasting (Norwegian State Broadcasting Corporation)
Tonight's episode: The Red Headed League

On television tonight
Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond, hosted by John Newland, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Room Upstairs, starring David Knight, Lois Maxwell, and Gilda Emmanuelli



Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Incident in a Small Jail, starring John Fiedler and Richard Jaeckel

Thriller, hosted by Boris Karloff, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Papa Benjamin, starring John Ireland, Jeanne Bal, and Robert H. Harris



Diplomacy
Negotiations among the U.S.A., U.K., and U.S.S.R. on a treaty to ban nuclear weapons tests resumed in Geneva after a 3½-month recess. Before the Western powers had a chance to present what they regarded as major concessions, Soviet delegate Semyon Tsarapkin withdrew the Soviet Union’s previous agreement to establish a test-control organization under a single administrator; he insisted instead on a three-member council representing the Communists, the West, and neutralist nations. The West offered concessions to previous Soviet objections to previous proposals on inspections, control posts, and other details. The Western proposals were referred to Moscow.

U.S.S.R. Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko, addressing the United Nations General Assembly, renewed the Soviet attack on UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold and the UN operation in the Congo, accusing Mr. Hammarskjold of responsibility for the assassination in February of former Congolese Premier Patrice Lumumba. Mr. Gromyko demanded Mr. Hammarskjold’s replacement by a three-member secretariat, and called for termination of the UN mission in the Congo within a month. U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Adlai Stevenson, in his first speech before the Assembly, denounced Mr. Gromyko’s speech as being in "the worst and most destructive traditions of the cold war." Mr. Stevenson charged that the Soviet Union "does not want the United Nations to succeed in the Congo," and called the attack "wild and irresponsible and absurd."

Boxing
Henry Cooper (23-7-1) retained his British and Commonwealth heavyweight titles with a 5-round technical knockout over Joe Erskine (39-6-1) at Empire Pool, Wembley, London. It was the fourth time the two had fought each other; Mr. Erskine had won the first two, and this was the second straight win for Mr. Cooper.

50 years ago
1971

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 1 @ Philadelphia 1

Bruce Gamble, who had been traded from the Maple Leafs to the Flyers two months earlier, made 34 saves against his old team, while former teammate Jacques Plante stopped 27 shots in a spectacular goaltending duel at The Spectrum. Dave Keon scored his 36th goal of the season 52 seconds into the 2nd period to give Toronto the lead, but Bobby Clarke tied the game for Philadelphia with his 23rd goal of the season at 3:23 of the 2nd period. The game was the usual Sunday evening broadcast on CBC radio.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Maledetta Primavera--Loretta Goggi

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Stars on 45--Stars on 45 (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Vienna--Ultravox

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Jealous Guy--Roxy Music (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Jealous Guy--Roxy Music (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 In the Air Tonight--Phil Collins
2 Stars on 45--Stars on 45
3 Rock this Town--Stray Cats
4 Embarrassment--Madness
5 Don't Stop the Music--Yarbrough & Peoples
6 All American Girls--Sister Sledge
7 It's a Love Thing--The Whispers
8 Shine On--L-T-D
9 Leila--Dolly Dots
10 Shaddap You Face--Joe Dolce Music Theatre

Singles entering the chart were Without Your Love by Roger Daltrey (#28); One Night Affair by Spargo (#29); Mister Blitzer by Babe (#30); Jealous Guy by Roxy Music (#32); Sailing by Christopher Cross (#33); and Too Big for Words by Tony Sherman & Julia Loko (#39).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
2 Woman--John Lennon
3 The Best of Times--Styx
4 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
5 Crying--Don McLean
6 Rapture--Blondie
7 Hello Again--Neil Diamond
8 The Winner Takes it All--ABBA
9 I Love a Rainy Night--Eddie Rabbitt
10 What Kind of Fool--Barbra Streisand (Duet with Barry Gibb)

Singles entering the chart were Too Much Time on My Hands by Styx (#60); You Better You Bet by the Who (#63); Take it on the Run by REO Speedwagon (#65); Living Inside Myself by Gino Vannelli (#77); I Missed Again by Phil Collins (#79); Somebody Special by Rod Stewart (#81); All American Girls by Sister Sledge (#89); and Where's Your Angel? by Lani Hall (#90).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Woman--John Lennon (2nd week at #1)
2 Rapture--Blondie
3 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
4 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
5 The Best of Times--Styx
6 Crying--Don McLean
7 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
8 Hello Again--Neil Diamond
9 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates
10 Treat Me Right--Pat Benatar

Singles entering the chart included You Better You Bet by the Who (#59); Too Much Time on My Hands by Styx (#61); Take it on the Run by REO Speedwagon (#63); Living Inside Myself by Gino Vannelli (#74); and Somebody Special by Rod Stewart (#90).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
2 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
3 Woman--John Lennon
4 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
5 Rapture--Blondie
6 The Best of Times--Styx
7 I Love a Rainy Night--Eddie Rabbitt
8 Hello Again--Neil Diamond
9 Crying--Don McLean
10 The Tide is High--Blondie

Singles entering the chart were You Better You Bet by the Who (#50); Too Much Time on My Hands by Styx (#52); Take it on the Run by REO Speedwagon (#54); I Missed Again by Phil Collins (#75); Living Inside Myself by Gino Vannelli (#78); Right Away by the Hawks (#84); and Limelight by Rush (#88).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 Woman--John Lennon (2nd week at #1)
2 The Best of Times--Styx
3 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
4 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
5 Rapture--Blondie
6 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
7 Turn Me Loose--Loverboy
8 A Little in Love--Cliff Richard
9 I Ain’t Gonna Stand for It--Stevie Wonder
10 Giving it Up for Your Love--Delbert McClinton

Singles entering the chart were While You See a Chance by Steve Winwood (#36); Morning Train (Nine to Five) by Sheena Easton (#41); and Living in a Fantasy by Leo Sayer (#45).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Woman--John Lennon
2 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
3 Rapture--Blondie
4 A Little in Love--Cliff Richard
5 The Best of Times--Styx
6 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates
7 While You See a Chance--Steve Winwood
8 What Kind of Fool--Barbra Streisand (Duet with Barry Gibb)
9 Turn Me Loose--Loverboy
10 Morning Train (Nine to Five)--Sheena Easton

Singles entering the chart were Angel of the Morning by Juice Newton (#18); You Better You Bet by the Who (#19); Just the Two of Us by Grover Washington, Jr. (#21); I Love You by Climax Blues Band (#25); and I Can't Stand It by Eric Clapton and his Band (#27).

Hockey
NHL
Chicago 4 @ Philadelphia 4
St. Louis 3 @ Washington 3
Winnipeg 4 @ Detroit 5
Calgary 3 @ Boston 4
New York Rangers 6 @ Hartford 4
Vancouver 3 @ Montreal 5
Buffalo 6 @ Toronto 2
Pittsburgh 3 @ Colorado 1
Los Angeles 6 @ Edmonton 6

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Do the Bartman--The Simpsons (9th week at #1)

Died on this date
Leo Fender, 81. U.S. inventor. Mr. Fender founded Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company in 1946, and became famous for designing electric guitars, electric bass guitars, and amplifiers. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992.

Abominations
The Supreme Court of Canada ruled 9-0 to uphold a British Columbia Court of Appeal ruling that the fetus is not a legal person, with no guarantee to life under the Criminal Code.

World events
Leaders of all six Yugoslav republics attended an emergency meeting of the federal presidency. After the talks, a joint statement was released, saying the crisis over the country’s future should be resolved "only in a peaceful, democratic manner. The leaders agreed to meet on a regular basis.

The U.S. human rights organization Middle East Watch reported that Kuwaiti soldiers and vigilantes had tortured or beaten at least 400 people--most of them Palestinians--and that at least 30 of these had died.

Economics and finance
The United States House of Representatives followed the Senate’s lead and voted in favour of a $78-billion package to help bail out insolvent savings and loan associations.

Disasters
A transport plane crashed at a Saudi air force base, killing 92 soldiers from Senegal who were serving in a multinational force in the Persian Gulf. Six Saudi crewmen also died in the disaster, which occurred in skies blackened by smoke from burning oil wells in Kuwait.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Kaunis peto--XL5 (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Spaceman--Babylon Zoo (8th week at #1)

Health
The day after a scientific report linking mad cow disease and the slow-developing but fatal Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease had been published--raising fears about the safety of British beef at home and abroad--France Belgium, Sweden, the Netherlands, and Portugal banned the importation of beef from the U.K.

20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Chung Ju-yung, 85. South Korean businessman. Mr. Chung founded the first company of what became Hyundai Group in 1947. He was an unsuccessful candidate for President of South Korea in 1992.

Anthony Steel, 80. U.K. actor. Mr. Steel served with the Grenadier Guards in World War II, and was best known for his appearances in war and adventure movies such as The Wooden Horse (1950); Where No Vultures Fly (1951); and Storm Over the Nile (1956). His career went into decline after he broke his contract with the J. Arthur Rank Organisation in 1956; he spent most of the 1960s in Rome and eventually returned to Britain, but was unable to regain his former stardom. Mr. Steel died of lung cancer.

Health
After confirming a case of foot-and-mouth disease, the government of the Netherlands banned all livestock exports.

Figure skating
Jamie Sale and David Pelletier of Canada won the world pairs competition at the world championships at General Motors Place in Vancouver, British Columbia. Elena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze of Russia were second, and Shen Xue and Zhao Hongbo third.



10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
Pinetop Perkins, 97. U.S. musician. Joe Willie Perkins was a blues pianist who accompanied guitarist Robert Nighthawk for many years, and acquired his nickname from recording the song Pinetop's Boogie Woogie in 1953. He achieved his greatest renown in his later years, recording from the late 1970s to the early 1990s, mostly as a sideman. Mr. Perkins was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 2003 and received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2005. He died of cardiac arrest.

Loleatta Holloway, 64. U.S. singer. Miss Holloway began her career as a gospel singer, but was best known for recording dance songs. She reached #1 on the Billboard Dance singles chart with Love Sensation (1979) and a remix of Dreamin' (2000) and as a featured performer with Fire Island on Shout to the Top (1998) and Cevin Fisher on You Got Me Burnin' Up (1999). The biggest hit Miss Holloway was featured on was Good Vibrations by Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch (1991), which reached #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 pop singles chart. Miss Holloway died of heart failure.

War
The Canadian House of Commons voted to approve military involvement to help enforce the United Nations' no-fly zone over Libya; Canada's air force joined the mission hours later.

Politics and government
Raymond Lavigne (independent Liberal--Montarville) resigned his Canadian Senate seat, which he'd held since 2002, after his conviction on fraud and breach of trust charges relating to improper travel claims totalling at least $10,000.

March 14, 2021

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Andrea Jameson!

230 years ago
1791

Canadiana
The Constitutional Act received Royal Assent in London. The act divided Canada into two parts, Lower and Upper; each province was to have an Executive Council crown appointed--Lower Canada to have no fewer than fifteen members and Upper Canada no fewer than seven members--and each was to have a Legislative Assembly, the members for Lower Canada to be no less than fifty and for Upper Canada to be no less than sixteen. The act granted one-seventh of the crown lands in each province "for the support and maintenance of a Protestant clergy within the same." The Act was proclaimed at Quebec on November 18, 1791, and went into effect on December 26.

210 years ago
1811

Died on this date
Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, 75. Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, 1768-1770. The Duke of Grafton, the son of a Royal Navy officer, was a Whig who represented the pocket boroughs of Boroughbridge (1756) and Bury St Edmunds (1756-1757) in the House of Commons before being elevated to the House of Lords upon the death of his grandfather in 1757. He was Northern Secretary (1765-1766) and First Lord of the Treasury (1766-1767) before succeeding the Earl of Chatham as Prime Minister. The Duke of Grafton was criticized for his handling of foreign affairs, particularly for allowing France to annex Corsica in 1769. He was just 34 when he resigned in 1770 in favour of Lord North, and served as Lord Privy Seal (1771-1775, 1782-1783).

125 years ago
1896

Popular culture
The public bathhouse known as the Sutro Baths opened in San Francisco.

120 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Sid Atkinson. S.A. athlete. Mr. Atkinson was a hurdler and long jumper who won a silver medal in the men's 110-metre hurdles at the 1924 Summer Olympic Games in Paris and a gold medal in the same event at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. He died on August 31, 1977 at the age of 76.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
S. Truett Cathy. U.S. businessman. Samuel Truett Cathy founded the fast-food chain Chick-fil-A in Hapeville, Georgia in 1946 under the name Dwarf Grill. He opened Upscale Pizza in Fayetteville, Georgia in 2008. Mr. Cathy retired in 2013, handing his business to his son Dan, and died from complications of diabetes on September 8, 2014 at the age of 93.

90 years ago
1931

At the movies
India's first sound film, Alam Ara, directed by Ardeshir Irani, and starring Master Vithal, Zubeida, Prithviraj, and Jilloobai, opened in theatres in India.

80 years ago
1941

War
1,100 people were dead and 1,050 injured after a two-day German bombing attack on Clydesdale, England.

Defense
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced that Sir Arthur Salter would go to the United States to discuss urgent shipping needs to transport Lend-Lease material. The U.S. House of Representatives passed and sent to the Senate the $3,446,685,144 Navy supply bill for 1942. Curtiss-Wright Corporation announced a new dive bomber for the U.S. Navy that was said to exceed the German Stuka in performance.

Diplomacy
Representatives of Chile and Argentina began conferences in Santiago to determine their boundaries in the Antarctic.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Bureau of Internal Revenue began a test action to determine whether the federal government had the right to tax income from state and municipal securities.

Labour
American Federation of Labor President William Green said that he supported the U.S. government's plan of an 11-member board to mediate strikes in defense industries; Congress of Industrial Organizations President Philip Murray described the plan as detrimental to labour. Pennsylvania Governor Arthur James ordered state police to protect workers who would remove finished defense goods at a strike-bound Vanadium Steel Corporation plant in Bridgeville.

75 years ago
1946

Died on this date
Werner von Blomberg, 67. German military officer and politician. Colonel General Blomberg was Minister of War, and Commander-in-Chief of the German Armed Forces from January 1933-January 1938. He was appointed to his political position by President Paul von Hindenburg two days before Adolf Hitler took office as Chancellor, and remained in his position until he resigned after losing a power struggle with Reichsmarschall Hermann Goering. Col. Gen. Blomberg spent World War II in obscurity, and gave evidence at the Nuremberg trial of Nazi war criminals before his death from colorectal cancer.

Married on this date
Ernest Hemingway and Mary Welsh. The noted American author and Miss Welsh were married in Havana.

War
Former Nazi Reichsmarschall Hermann Goering, testifying at his war crimes trial in Nuremberg, proudly assumed "full responsibility" for the seizure of Austria; the invasion of Norway; and the sending of German fliers to Spain during that country's civil war. Mr. Goering said that the late Fuehrer Adolf Hitler alone decided on the invasion of Czechoslovakia.

Scandal
As a result of the revelations of former U.S.S.R. cipher clerk Igor Gouzenko, who had defected to Canada from the Soviet embassy in 1945, Canadian Labour-Progressive (i.e., Communist) Member of Parliament Fred Rose was arrested for conspiracy to transmit wartime secrets to the U.S.S.R. He was eventually convicted and sentenced to six years in prison for spying.

Politics and government
Belgian Prime Minister Paul-Henri Spaak completed formation of his predominantly socialist cabinet.

Diplomacy
Chiang Kai-ngau, head of the Chinese Economic Commission to Manchuria, reported that the U.S.S.R. had demanded war booty and economic concessions as the price of complete withdrawal from Manchuria, preventing any agreement.

Former U.S. Interior Secretary Harold Ickes assailed "sniping at Russia," and urged President Harry Truman to "stand up aggressively for the foreign policies of President Roosevelt."

Defense
The U.S. House of Representatives voted an additional $250 million for temporary housing for veterans.

70 years ago
1951

War
United Nations troops recaptured Seoul for the second time and shifted their front lines northward almost to the 38th Parallel on the heels of a general Communist retreat.

Politics and government
The seven-week Dutch cabinet crisis, which had begun with a dispute over Dutch policy in New Guinea, ended when Willem Drees resumed office as Prime Minister, leading a coalition cabinet.

The National Party of Suriname (NPS), led by Archibald Currie, won 13 of 21 seats in the Estates in the Surinamese general election. The United Hindustani Party, led by Jagernath Lachmon, took 6 seats, and the Party for National Unity and Solidarity won the remaining 2 seats. The Progressive Party, which was larger than the NPS, boycotted the election.

Crime
Columbia University physics instructor William Perl was arrested in New York on perjury charge resulting from his denial that he knew accused Soviet spies Julius Rosenberg and Morton Sobell.

Science
Harvard University mathematical physicist Julian Schwinger and Professor Kurt Goedel, mathematical logician at Princeton University's Institute for Advanced Study, received the first $15,000 Albert Einstein Awards for achievement in the natural sciences.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Seemann--Lolita (9th week at #1)

On television tonight
Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond, hosted by John Newland, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Face, starring Sean Kelly, John Bown, and Andrew Faulds



Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Horse Player, starring Claude Rains and Ed Gardner

This episode was directed by Mr. Hitchcock.

Thriller, hosted by Boris Karloff, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Trio for Terror, starring John Abbott, Reginald Owen, and Robin Hughes



Academia
Massey College, a centre for graduate studies at the University of Toronto, was founded. Robertson Davies was appointed Master.

Disasters
A USAF B-52 bomber crashed near Yuba City, California whilst carrying nuclear weapons. The eight-man crew ejected safely, and the four onboard nuclear weapons were released, but didn't detonate because their safety devices worked.



50 years ago
1971

Golf
Arnold Palmer won the Florida Citrus Invitation tournament in Orlando, with first prize money of $30,000.

Hockey
NHL
Montreal 5 @ Pittsburgh 1

Ken Dryden, who had been called up to the Canadiens from the Montreal Voyageurs of the American Hockey League a week earlier, stopped 35 shots in his NHL debut at the Pittsburgh Civic Arena. Montreal goals were scored by Peter Mahovlich (his 32nd of the season); J.C. Tremblay (10); Henri Richard (11); Marc Tardif (18); and Frank Mahovlich (his 25th of the season and 11th since being traded to the Canadiens from the Detroit Red Wings six weeks earlier). Rookie John Stewart, with his first NHL goal, scored for the Penguins at 18:01 of the 2nd period, becoming the first NHL player to score on Mr. Dryden. Al Smith also faced 36 shots in goal for the Penguins. The game was the regular Sunday NHL broadcast on CBC radio, and I tuned in after it had started, wondering who the Montreal goalie was. I knew there was a goalie named Dryden with the Buffalo Sabres, but I didn't know who this other one was, nor did I know at the time that this was his first NHL game.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Stars on 45--Stars on 45 (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Shaddap You Face--Joe Dolce Music Theatre (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Jealous Guy--Roxy Music

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Jealous Guy--Roxy Music

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Stars on 45--Stars on 45 (4th week at #1)
2 Embarrassment--Madness
3 Rock this Town--Stray Cats
4 In the Air Tonight--Phil Collins
5 Imagine--John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band
6 Don't Stop the Music--Yarbrough & Peoples
7 All American Girls--Sister Sledge
8 Shine Up--Doris D and the Pins
9 Amoureux Solitaires/Dis Moi que Tu M'aimes--Lio
10 It's a Love Thing--The Whispers

Singles entering the chart were Distant Love by Maywood (#25); Houtochdiekop by Dingetje (#27); Vienna by Ultravox (#28); Schoolgirl by Steve Forbert (#34); Woman by John Lennon (#37); and Something About You Baby I Like by Status Quo (#38).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
2 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
3 Woman--John Lennon
4 The Best of Times--Styx
5 I Love a Rainy Night--Eddie Rabbitt
6 Crying--Don McLean
7 Rapture--Blondie
8 The Winner Takes it All--ABBA
9 Hello Again--Neil Diamond
10 Celebration--Kool & The Gang

Singles entering the chart were Her Town Too by James Taylor and J.D. Souther (#38); Time Out of Mind by Steely Dan (#70); Me (Without You) by Andy Gibb (#72); Lonely Together by Barry Manilow (#79); Right Away by Hawks (#81); Limelight by Rush (#83); 96 Tears by Garland Jeffreys (#86); I Loved 'em Every One by T.G. Sheppard (#87); and Memories by Tierra (#90).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Woman--John Lennon
2 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
3 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
4 Rapture--Blondie
5 The Best of Times--Styx
6 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
7 I Love a Rainy Night--Eddie Rabbitt
8 Crying--Don McLean
9 Hello Again--Neil Diamond
10 Treat Me Right--Pat Benatar

Singles entering the chart were Her Town Too by James Taylor and J.D. Souther (#39); Time Out of Mind by Steely Dan (#60); Me (Without You) by Andy Gibb (#83); Limelight by Rush (#86); I Missed Again by Phil Collins (#88); Lonely Together by Barry Manilow (#89); Where's Your Angel? by Lani Hall (#98); and I Have the Skill by the Sherbs (#99).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 9 to 5--Dolly Parton (4th week at #1)
2 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
3 Woman--John Lennon
4 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
5 I Love a Rainy Night--Eddie Rabbitt
6 The Best of Times--Styx
7 Rapture--Blondie
8 Hello Again--Neil Diamond
9 The Tide is High--Blondie
10 Crying--Don McLean

Singles entering the chart were Her Town Too by James Taylor and J.D. Souther (#36); Time Out of Mind by Steely Dan (#55); Hold on Loosely by 38 Special (#76); Ch Ch Cherie by the Johnny Average Band featuring Nikki Wills (#78); Walking on Thin Ice by Yoko Ono (#79); Running Scared by the Fools (#81); Lonely Together by Barry Manilow (#88); Me (Without You) by Andy Gibb (#89); Hold On by Badfinger (#94); and It's My Job by Jimmy Buffett (#95).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 Woman--John Lennon
2 The Best of Times--Styx
3 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
4 The Tide is High--Blondie
5 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
6 Ah! Leah!--Donnie Iris
7 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
8 Hey Nineteen--Steely Dan
9 Turn Me Loose--Loverboy
10 A Little in Love--Cliff Richard

Singles entering the chart were Shaddap You Face by Joe Dolce (#39); I Can’t Stand It by Eric Clapton and his Band (#43); Kiss on My List by Daryl Hall and John Oates (#45); and Angel of the Morning by Juice Newton (#49).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
2 Woman--John Lennon
3 Turn Me Loose--Loverboy
4 A Little in Love--Cliff Richard
5 The Best of Times--Styx
6 Rapture--Blondie
7 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates
8 Crying--Don McLean
9 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
10 While You See a Chance--Steve Winwood

Singles entering the chart were Rapture; While You See a Chance; What Kind of Fool by Barbra Streisand (Duet with Barry Gibb) (#12); Morning Train (Nine to Five) by Sheena Easton (#13); Living in a Fantasy by Leo Sayer (#15); Somebody's Knockin' by Terri Gibbs (#20); Hello Again by Neil Diamond (#22); and Ain't Even Done with the Night by John Cougar (#28).

Terrorism
The three Pakistani political dissidents who had hijacked a Pakistani jetliner to Kabul, Afghanistan on March 2 surrendered when 55 Pakistani political prisoners whose release the hijackers had demanded landed in Aleppo, Syria.

Hockey
NHL
Buffalo 1 @ Vancouver 2

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Do the Bartman--The Simpsons (8th week at #1)

Died on this date
Doc Pomus, 65. U.S. songwriter. Mr. Pomus, born Jerome Solon Felder, and his partner Mort Shuman were one of the most successful songwriting teams who worked at the Brill Building in New York City in the 1950s and '60s, writing such hits as A Teenager in Love; Save The Last Dance For Me; Hushabye; This Magic Moment; Little Sister; Can't Get Used to Losing You; Suspicion; Surrender; and (Marie's the Name) His Latest Flame.

Howard Ashman, 40. U.S. playwright and songwriter. Mr. Ashman was best known for his collaboration with Alen Menken on songs from Disney animated films. They won Academy Awards for Best Original Song for Under the Sea (The Little Mermaid, 1989) and Beauty and the Beast (Beauty and the Beast, 1991). Mr. Ashman was a sodomite who died of AIDS.

Weather
It was warm enough in Edmonton for this blogger to wear shorts outdoors.

World events
Two weeks after the end of the Gulf War, Emir Shaikh Jabir al-Ahmad al-Jabir as-Sabah of Kuwait returned to his country. He was criticized for taking so long to return.

Terrorism
The Birmingham Six were freed after serving 16 years in prison when the U.K. High Court quashed their convictions. The six men had been convicted for the 1974 bombings by the Irish Republican Army of two pubs. 21 people had been killed and over 100 injured in the bombings.

Crime
12 days after the beating of Rodney King, four members of the Los Angeles Police department were indicted by a grand jury. U.S. Attorney General Dick Thornburgh said that the Justice Department would review other cases of alleged police brutality.

Figure skating
Kurt Browning of Canada won his third consecutive men’s world championship, at Olympiahalle in Munich. Viktor Petrenko of the U.S.S.R. was in first place after the short program, but Mr. Browning put on a brilliant performance in the long program to overtake him. The ice dance competition was won by Isabel and Paul Duchesnay from Alymer, Quebec, skating for France.







25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Kaunis peto--XL5

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Spaceman--Babylon Zoo (7th week at #1)

Television
The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission ruled that Canada's television broadcasters must devise a system to rate the levels of violence in television programs. Six levels were proposed: none; comedic; mild; brief; violent; or graphic.

Scandal
Settlement was reached with the victims of Japan's tainted blood scandal, with the Japanese government and five drug companies offering compensation to 2,000 victims who were HIV-positive.

Economics and finance
Prince Edward Island Treasurer Wayne Cheverie forecasted his second consecutive budget with a surplus.

Business
Hudson's Bay Company announced that it would merge Zellers' office operations with those of The Bay and move Zellers headquarters from Montreal to Toronto, with a loss of 550 jobs in Quebec.

20 years ago
2001

Politics and government
Yoweri Museveni was re-elected President of Uganda with 69% of the vote. His leading opponent, Kizza Besigye, who received 28%, charged that there had been vote fraud.

Protest
Hundreds of tractors and other farm vehicles headed for downtown Ottawa as part of the National Day of Action, a Canada-wide protest to back demands for more financial support for farmers. The federal government of Prime Minister Jean Chretien had offered a $500-million aid package, but farmers said it was not nearly enough to keep them going.

10 years ago
2011

Politics and government
Christy Clark was sworn in as Premier of British Columbia, following a leadership election, succeeding Gordon Campbell as head of the province's Liberal Party government. It was the first time in Canadian history that three provinces or territories had female premiers.