August 28/27, 2008

August 28, 2008

1,620 years ago
388

Died on this date
Magnus Maximus, 53 (?). Western Roman Emperor, 383-388. Magnus usurped the throne from Emperor Gratian in 383; he was executed in Aquileia after retreating there following the defeat of his forces by those of Theodosius I and Valentinian II in the Battle of the Save. Magnus Maximus was succeeded on the throne by Gracianus Municeps.

360 years ago
1648

War
The Siege of Colchester ended when Royalists Forces surrendered to the Parliamentary Forces after 11 weeks, during the Second English Civil War.

190 years ago
1818

Died on this date
Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, 73 (?). U.S. fur trader. Mr. Point du Sable was the first permanent resident of Chicago, and is recognized as the "Founder of Chicago."

175 years ago
1833

Society
The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 received Royal Assent, abolishing slavery through most the British Empire.

130 years ago
1878

Journalism
The first issue of the Sherbrooke Examiner was published in Sherbrooke, Quebec.

110 years ago
1898

Popular culture
Caleb Bradham's beverage "Brad's Drink" was renamed "Pepsi-Cola".

100 years ago
1908

Born on this date
Roger Tory Peterson. U.S. ornithologist. Mr. Peterson has been called the inventor of the modern field guide, beginning with Guide to the Birds (1934). He has also been credited as an inspiration to the modern environmental movement. Mr. Peterson died on July 28, 1996, a month before his 88th birthday.

Robert Merle. Algerian-born French author. Mr. Merle, a native of French Algeria who moved to Paris as a child, was known for novels such as Week-end à Zuydcoote (Week-end at Zuydcoote) (1949) and for his 13-volume series of historical novels Fortune de France (1977–2003). He died of a heart attack on March 27, 2004 at the age of 95.

90 years ago
1918

Died on this date
A.E.G. McKenzie. Canadian military officer. Lieutenant-Colonel McKenzie, GOC of the 26th (New Brunswick) Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force, was killed during the Battle of Chérisy in France, part of the Battle of the Scarpe.

War
The 2nd and 3rd Canadian Infantry Divisions seized an important portion of the German Fresnes-Rouvroy defense system after three days of intense fighting in the Battle of the Scarpe in France. Total casualties were reported as 254 officers and 5,547 other ranks. They captured more than 3,300 prisoners, 53 guns and 519 machine guns. Lieutenant-Colonel William Hew Clark-Kennedy, 24th Battalion, 2nd Canadian Infantry Division, earned a Victoria Cross by personally driving the advance despite being severely wounded, and suffering from intense pain and loss of blood.

80 years ago
1928

Diplomacy
U.S.S.R. Assistant Foreign Minister Maxim Litvinoff sent a note to the Secretariat of the League of Nations to announce that the Soviet Union was refusing to participate in further League disarmament activities: "The League has done and is doing nothing. It rejected the Soviet proposal for complete disarmament and then did not act upon the partial disarmament substitute proposal. Further discussions are simply calculated to mislead the peoples. Peace cannot be guaranteed so long as nations continue arming."

60 years ago
1948

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard) (Best Seller): Twelfth Street Rag--Pee Wee Hunt and his Orchestra

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 My Happiness--The Pied Pipers (2nd week at #1)
--Jon and Sondra Steele
--Ella Fitzgerald
2 You Call Everybody Darlin'--Al Trace and the Revelers
--Anne Vincent
--Jack Smith and the Clark Sisters
3 Woody Wood-Pecker--The Sportsmen and Mel Blanc
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
4 You Can't Be True, Dear--Ken Griffin
--Dick Haymes with the Song Spinners
--The Sportsmen
5 It's Magic--Doris Day
--Dick Haymes and Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra
--Tony Martin
--Gordon MacRae
6 Twelfth Street Rag--Pee Wee Hunt and his Orchestra
7 Love Somebody--Doris Day and Buddy Clark
8 A Tree in the Meadow--Margaret Whiting
9 William Tell Overture--Spike Jones and his City Slickers
10 Little White Lies--Dick Haymes

Singles entering the chart were Win or Lose by Charlie Spivak and his Orchestra (#30) and Love That Boy by Dinah Shore (#39).

War
Two United Nations truce observers from France died when their plane was fired upon near an Egyptian base in Gaza.

World events
The Czechoslovakian government announced the discovery of a Western espionage plot, resulting in the arrest of Dutch embassy official Leonardus Bartolomeous van Dam and a group of Czechs.

Diplomacy
The U.S. State Department proposed the creation of an international agency to control Antarctica.

Jacob Lomakin, the expelled Soviet consul general in New York, left the city with his family aboard a Swedish ship.

India challenged the right of the United Nations to intervene in the issue of Hyderabad's demand for independence, claiming that the state was not a sovereign country.

Politics and government
The French cabinet of Prime Minister Andre Marie resigned after socialists withdrew from the governing coalition in a dispute over cost-of-living raises.

The Communist-dominated Socialist Unity Party demanded the creation of an 18-member special committee to take control of Berlin's civil government from the "bankrupt" City Assembly.

The U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities issued a preliminary report on its spy hearings, stating that it had "definitely established" the existence of espionage by domestic and foreign Communists, urging the administration of President Harry Truman to cooperate with the investigation and calling on Congress to pass the Mundt-Nixon Communist control bill.

The Texas Democratic Party U.S. Senatorial primary resulted in a victory for Representative Lyndon Johnson over former Governor Coke Stevenson by a margin of 48 votes. Rep. Johnson's victory, which was attributed by critics to suspicious activity, earned him the nickname "Landslide Lyndon."

Labour
United Auto Workers of America President Walter Reuther announced plans to raise a $1-million political fund, financed by voluntary contributions from union members, to help pro-labour candidates.

Horse racing
Citation, with Eddie Arcaro up, won the American Derby in Chicago.

Football
IRFU-ORFU
Pre-season
Toronto Argonauts (1-0) 13 @ Toronto Beaches Indians (2-2) 8
Windsor (0-1) 3 @ Hamilton (1-0) 36

WIFU
Winnipeg (1-1) 14 @ Saskatchewan (1-2) 13

Royal Copeland scored 2 touchdowns for the defending Grey Cup champion Argonauts as they defeated the Beaches Indians before 4,397 fans at Varsity Stadium in 100 F. heat. Ernie Becker scored the Beaches Indians' touchdown.

Walter Gibb scored a touchdown and 3 converts while Jim Oldenberg scored a touchdown and single and passed for 2 touchdowns as the Wildcats routed the Rockets before 1,500 fans at Civic Stadium.

Mr. Fitzgibbons and Bob Sandberg scored touchdowns and Don Hiney added a convert and field goal for the Blue Bombers as they edged the Roughriders at Taylor Field in Regina. Messrs. Lee and Early scored Saskatchewan touchdowns, both converted by Gabe Patterson, with Ken Charlton adding a single.

50 years ago
1958

Died on this date
Bo Larsson, 22. Swedish athlete. Mr. Larsson was preparing for a meet in Stockholm when he was struck in the chest by a javelin thrown by another competitor. Mr. Larsson pulled the javelin out with his own hands, but didn't survive the injury.

War
The Republic of China reported that Communist marine, amphibious, and torpedo boat units had been concentrated in the mainland ports of Chusan and Santuao for a possibl invasion attempt against the islands of Quemoy and Matsu.

In an open letter to Fidel Castro's forces and other groups opposed to Cuban President Fulgencio Batista, Cuban Communist leaders Juan Marinello and Blas Roca called on all opposition forces to form a "united front" to overthrow Mr. Batista's government.

Diplomacy
Archbishop Makarios of Cyprus issued a statement in Athens asking for "substantial intervention by the United Nations" to restore peace in Cyprus, and warning that Greek Cypriots would continue to fight against the U.K. plan for Cypriot home rule under Greek-Turkish-British supervision.

Education
A special session of the Arkansas legislature adopted legislation requested by Governor Orval Faubus permitting him to close any school where integration caused or threatened violence.

Labour
U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed a bill extending for two years a program of importing Mexicans for temporary work on U.S. farms when domestic labour was not available.

Track and field
Herb Elliot of Australia ran 1,500 metres in a world record time of 3 minutes 36 seconds in Goteborg, Sweden.

Boxing
In his first fight in two years, former world heavyweight champion Ezzard Charles (94-21-1) won a 10-round unanimous decision over Johnny Harper (8-10) at East-West Stadium in Fairmont, West Virginia.

Football
CFL
WIFU
British Columbia (0-4) 1 @ Winnipeg (3-1) 31

Kenny Ploen threw 2 touchdown passes and rushed 12 times for 148 yards and a touchdown to lead the Blue Bombers to their rout of the Lions at Winnipeg Stadium. Mr. Ploen's first TD pass came on a completion to Frank Gilliam, who lateralled to Leo Lewis, who went the rest of the way for the touchdown. Mr. Gilliam caught Mr. Ploen's other touchdown pass. Charlie Shepard scored a touchdown and single; Gerry James kicked 2 converts and a field goal; and Gerry Vincent punted for a single. Ted Hunt's single was the only point for the Lions, who had fired head coach Clem Crowe two days earlier, and were led by assistant coaches Vic Lindskog and Walt Schlinkman until a new head coach could be hired.

50 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Do it Again--The Beach Boys

Australia's Top 10 (Go-Set)
1 The Orange and the Green/(The Puppet Song) Whiskey on a Sunday--The Irish Rovers (2nd week at #1)
2 MacArthur Park--Richard Harris
3 Indian Lake--The Cowsills
4 Angel of the Morning--Merrilee Rush
5 Dream a Little Dream of Me--Mama Cass
6 Lady Willpower--Gary Puckett and the Union Gap
7 Jumpin' Jack Flash--The Rolling Stones
8 Hurdy Gurdy Man--Donovan
9 Alice Long (You're Still My Favorite Girlfriend)--Tommy Boyce & Bobby Hart
10 My Name is Jack--Manfred Mann

Singles entering the chart were Classical Gas by Mason Williams (#25); People Got to Be Free by the Rascals (#27); Mr. Bojangles by Jerry Jeff Walker (#35); What is Soul by the Groove (#36); Here Comes the Judge by Pigmeat Markham (#38); Happy by Nancy Sinatra (#39); and Universal by Small Faces (#40).

Died on this date
John Gordon Mein, 54. U.S. diplomat. Mr. Mein, U.S. Ambassador to Guatemala since 1965, was assassinated in Guatemala City, 13 days before his 55th birthday, after stopping his car while en route to the embassy after a luncheon. The pro-Communist guerrilla organization Fuerzas Armadas Rebeldes (Rebel Armed Forces) (FAR) announced the next day that it had planned to kidnap Mr. Mein in retaliation for the Guatemalan government's capture of a FAR leader on August 24. Mr. Mein was the first American ambassador to be assassinated while in office; he was succeeded as Ambassador to Guatemala by Nathaniel Davis.

Politics and government
At the Democratic National Convention at the International Amphitheatre in Chicago, U.S. Vice President Hubert Humphrey was nominated as the party's candidate for President of the United States, while U.S. Senator Edmund Muskie (Maine) was nominated as the party's vice presidential candidate.

Protest
Violent clashes between Chicago police and demonstrators protesting during the Democratic National Convention peaked in Lincoln Park with what was later termed in a report as a "police riot," while protesters outside the Conrad Hilton Hotel shouted "The whole world is watching."



Football
CFL
Hamilton (2-2) 21 @ Montreal (2-2) 23
Calgary (4-2) 12 @ Edmonton (2-3-1) 7

Art Perkins scored the Eskimos' touchdown in their loss to the Stampeders at Clarke Stadium.

30 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): You're the One that I Want--John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Monster--Pink Lady (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Rivers of Babylon--Boney M.

Died on this date
Bruce Catton, 78. U.S. historian and journalist. Mr. Catton wrote for various newspapers from 1926-1941, but was better known for his later career as a historian, specializing in the American Civil War. He won the 1954 Pulitzer Prize for History for A Stillness at Appomattox.

F. Van Wyck Mason, 66. U.S. historian and author. Francis Van Wyck Mason wrote pulp adventure and historical short stories and novels. 25 of his novels featured a character named Hugh North, a prototype for James Bond. Mr. Mason drowned while swimming off the coast of Bermuda.

Robert Shaw, 51. U.K. actor and writer. Mr. Shaw was nominated for an Academy Award for his performance in A Man for All Seasons (1966), and was also known for his supporting performances in movies such as The Sting (1973) and Jaws (1975). He wrote novels and plays, and his novel The Man in the Glass Booth (1967) was adapted into a play and then a movie. Mr. Shaw was a heavy drinker for most of his life, and suffered a fatal heart attack while driving on a highway in Ireland, 19 days after his 51st birthday.

Politics and government
Alfredo Nobre da Costa, a politically independent technocrat, took office as Prime Minister of Portugal, after the nation's parties had been unable to agree on a coalition government. Mr. da Costa's government would have to face a vote of non-confidence in the National Assembly within 15 days.

Labour
A nationwide U.S. postal strike was averted when the Postal Service and union leaders agreed, hours before a midnight deadine, to resume bargaining, to be followed by binding arbitration if a settlement could not be reached within 15 days.

Sport
Donald Vesco raced his special 21-foot-long Kawasaki motorcycle named Lightning Bolt to a cycling land speed record of 318.598 miles per hour at the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah. The mark was broken by Dave Campos on a Harley-Davidson called Easy Rider in 1990.

25 years ago
1983

Hit parade
#1 single in Switzerland: Vamos a la playa--Righeira (2nd week at #1)

Politics and government
Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin announced that he would soon resign his position for personal reasons. Mr. Begin had turned 70 years of age on August 16, and he was reported to be depressed over the 1982 death of his wife and the continuing stalemate in Lebanon, where many Israeli soldiers had been killed in fighting against Palestinian guerrillas.

Football
CFL
Calgary (4-3) 21 @ Winnipeg (5-2) 36

Willard Reaves rushed 20 times for 129 yards and 2 touchdowns, and Dieter Brock threw 2 touchdown passes to Nate Johnson and another to Joe Poplawski as the Blue Bombers beat the Stampeders before 23,032 fans at Winnipeg Stadum. Calgary quarterback Bernard Quarles completed touchdown passes to Mike McTague and Darrell Smith. Trevor Kennerd missed the convert attempt on Mr. Reaves' first touchdown in the 3rd quarter--the first missed convert of Mr. Kennerd's career.

20 years ago
1988

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Doctorin' the TARDIS--Timelords

#1 single in Switzerland: The Twist (Yo, Twist!)--The Fat Boys with Stupid Def Vocals by Chubby Checker (4th week at #1)

Died on this date
Jean Marchand, 69. Canadian politician. Mr. Marchand was a Liberal member of the House of Commons from 1965-1976, and held six different cabinet posts in the governments of Prime Mininsters Lester Pearson and Pierre Trudeau. He was appointed to the Senate in 1976, and served as Speaker of the Senate from 1980 until his retirement from politics in 1983.

Max Shulman, 69. U.S. humourist. Mr. Shulman was best known for his short story collection The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis (1951), which became the basis for the movie The Affairs of Dobie Gillis (1953) and the television series The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis (1959-1963).

Disasters
At an air show at Ramstein Air Base, a U.S. base 60 miles southwest of Frankfurt, West Germany, three aircraft with the Italian Frecce Tricolori demonstration team collided and the wreckage fell into the crowd of 300,000. 75 were killed and 346 seriously injured.

10 years ago
1998

War
In the Second Congo War, Loyalist Congolese troops backed by Angolan and Zimbabwean forces repulsed the Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD) and Rwandan offensive on Kinshasa.

Politics and government
Pakistan's National Assembly passed a constitutional amendment to make the "Qur'an and Sunnah" the "supreme law," but the bill was defeated in the Senate.

Economics and finance
The Canadian dollar dropped to U.S. 64.02c.

Football
CFL
Calgary (6-3) 32 @ Montreal (7-2) 40



============================================================================
August 27, 2008

250 years ago
1758

War
U.K. forces commanded by Colonel John Bradstreet captured Fort Frontenac and its rich storehouses, as well as nine armed vessels with 100 guns, the total French naval force on Lake Ontario. The British had only two wounded and not a single man killed, while French Commandant Pierre de Noyan capitulated in face of the British artillery after a token resistance of two days. He had only 120 French Regulars, 40 Acadians and Indians, with their women and children.

210 years ago
1798

War
Wolfe Tone's United Irish and French forces clashed with the British Army in the Battle of Castlebar, part of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, resulting in the creation of the French puppet Republic of Connacht.

180 years ago
1828

Diplomacy
Brazil and Argentina, in the Treaty of Montevideo, recognized the sovereignty of Uruguay.

125 years ago
1883

Born on this date
John Edward Brownlee. Canadian politician. Mr. Brownlee, a native of Port Ryerse, Ontario, became a teacher and then a lawyer, eventually settling in Calgary, where he was closely associated with future Canadian Prime Minister R.B. Bennett. Mr. Brownlee's rural upbringing led him to sympathize with farmers, and he represented the United Farmers of Alberta (UFA) and United Grain Growers (UGG). He served as Attorney General in the Alberta government of Premier Herbert Greenfield (1921-1925), and succeeded him as Premier, leading the UFA to re-election in 1926. Mr. Brownlee succeeded in obtaining provincial ownerhip of natural resources in 1930, but, like leaders of many other governments, had difficulty in dealing with the Depression. A young female family friend named Vivian MacMillan sued Mr. Brownlee for seduction in 1934; a sensational trial resulted in jury ruling in favour of Miss MacMillan. The judge overturned the verdict, but his ruling was in turn overruled on appeal. Mr. Brownlee resigned as Premier, but remained as a member of the Legislative Assembly for Ponoka until the 1935 provincial election, when he and the UFA were wiped out. Mr. Brownlee left electoral politics after his defeat, returning to his law practice. He was president of UGG from 1948 until declining health led him to resign on June 21, 1961, 24 days before his death on July 15 at the age of 77.

Disasters
A massive volcanic eruption on the island of Krakatoa in the Dutch East Indies blew up most of the island and resulted in tsunamis that killed over 36,000 people. The explosion was heard almost 3,000 miles away, and the shock wave circled the Earth seven times.





100 years ago
1908

Born on this date
Lyndon Johnson. 36th President of the United States of America, 1963-1969; Vice-President of the United States of America, 1961-1963. Mr. Johnson, a Democrat, represented Texas' 10th District in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1937-1949 and represented the state in the U.S. Senate from 1949-1961, serving as Minority Leader from 1953-1955 and Majority Leader from 1955-1961. He was Vice President under John F. Kennedy, and acceded to the office of the presidency upon the assassination of Mr. Kennedy on November 22, 1963, winning a landslide election in his own right in 1964. Mr. Johnson was known for his "Great Society" social programs, and for escalating U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, the latter of which resulted in his increasing unpopularity within and outside his party. Mr. Johnson declined to run for re-election in 1968 and retired to his ranch at Stonewall, Texas, where he died of a heart attack on January 22, 1973 at the age of 64, after several years of declining health. His political career and presidency continue to be the subjects of debate.

Football
ARU
The Calgary City Rugby Foot-ball Club re-organized as the Calgary Tigers and adopted yellow and black as the team colours.

90 years ago
1918

War
The 22nd and 24th (Quebec) Infantry Battalions and 26th (New Brunswick) Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force, captured the French village of Chérisy as part of the Battle of the Scarpe. Major Georges Vanier of the Royal 22e Régiment, the highest-ranking surviving officer of the battle, organized the defense of Chérisy and was wounded, leading to the amputation of a leg.

U.S. Army forces skirmished against Mexican Carrancistas in the Battle of Ambos Nogales on the border between Mexico and Arizona, resulting in a fence being erected to separate Nogales, Mexico from Nogales, Arizona.

80 years ago
1928

Died on this date
M.M. Merrill; Edwin Ronne. U.S. aviation executives. Mr. Merrill, head of the Curtiss Flying Service, and Mr. Ronne, manager of the Buffalo airport, left Buffalo for Mineola, New York. Their plane, the Falcon, which had been built for Colonel Charles Lindbergh, was discovered as a charred wreck in Pike County, Pennsylvania, near Port Jervis, New York, with the bodies of the men nearby.

Diplomacy
Representatives of 15 nations, including, the U.S.A., U.K., U.S.S.R., and Canada signed the Pact of Paris, better known as the Kellogg-Briand Pact, which renounced war as an instrument of national policy.

70 years ago
1938

Football
WIFU
Pre-season
Calgary 35 @ Edmonton (0-1) 1

The Bronks routed the Eskimos in the first game ever played at Clarke Stadium and the Eskimos' first appearance in senior football since 1932.

Baseball
Monte Pearson pitched a no-hitter and Tommy Henrich and Joe Gordon each hit 2 home runs as the New York Yankees routed the Cleveland Indians 13-0 to complete a sweep of their doubleheader at Yankee Stadium. In the first game, the Indians scored 4 runs in the top of the 9th to take a 7-5 lead, only to have Joe DiMaggio triple home 2 runs with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th to climax a 3-run rally as the Yankees won 8-7.

Johnny Peacock batted 4 for 5 with a sacrifice, 3 runs, and 5 runs batted in to help the Boston Red Sox rout the Chicago White Sox 19-6 in the first game of a doubleheader before 18,000 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Every man in the Boston lineup had at least 2 hits and scored at least 1 run. Gene Ford pitched the last 3 innings for the White Sox, allowing 10 hits and 9 runs--all earned--while walking 4 batters, striking out 2, throwing 2 wild pitches, and batting 0 for 2 in the 5th and last game of his 2-year major league career. Bill Harris pitched an 8-hitter and drove in Ben Chapman with a sacrifice bunt in the 7th inning for the game's only run as the Red Sox won the second game 1-0 to complete the sweep. Losing pitcher Thornton Lee allowed just 5 hits and 1 earned run in a complete game.

Harlond Clift hit 2 home runs and George McQuinn added another homer to help the St. Louis Browns beat the Philadelphia Athletics 8-3 in the first game of a doubleheader at Shibe Park in Philadelphia. In the second game, pinch hitter Mel Mazzera led off the top of the 9th inning with a single and Mel Almada followed with a home run to enable the Browns to win 6-5, coming back from a 4-0 deficit to complete the sweep.

Hank Greenberg hit his 44th home run of the season and Tony Piet drove in 4 runs to help the Detroit Tigers edge the Washington Nationals 12-11 before 7,000 fans at Griffith Stadium in Washington. Washington first baseman Zeke Bonura hit a grand slam and 3 singles.

Vince DiMaggio hit a home run and Tony Cuccinello had 3 hits to help the Boston Bees defeat the Cincinnati Reds 8-4 before 4,059 fans at Crosley Field in Cincinnati.

Joe Medwick drove in 4 runs with a double and triple and Johnny Mize drove in 3 with a single and home run to help the St. Louis Cardinals beat the New York Giants 12-3 before 4,387 fans at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis.

60 years ago
1948

Died on this date
Charles Evans Hughes, 86. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1930-1941; Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1910-1916. Mr. Hughes, a Republican, switched back and forth between politics and jurisprudence, and was known as a "swing" vote as a Supreme Court Justice. He was Governor of New York from 1906-1910, and was first appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court by President William Howard Taft. Mr. Hughes resigned from the Court to accept the Republican Party's 1916 nomination for President of the United States, but lost a lose election to Democratic Party candidate Woodrow Wilson. He served as U.S. Secretary of State under Presidents Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge from 1921-1925, and was appointed as Chief Justice by President Herbert Hoover, succeeding Mr. Taft, who had first appointed him to the Court. Justice Hughes voted with liberal justices on some cases and with conservative justices on others, and helped to oppose President Franklin D. Roosevelt's plan to "pack" the Supreme Court in 1937.

Science
The Soviet Academy of Sciences dismissed biologists L.A. Orbeli and I.I. Schmalhausen, promising to correct "mistakes" in its work that clashed with the officially accepted environmental genetics of T.D. Lysenko.

Politics and government
The U.S. State Department issued a statement which "strongly favors" French proposals for the creation of a European parliament.

In secret testimony before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities, Time editor Whittaker Chambers named Noel Field, a former official in the State Department's Western Europe Division, as a member of a Communist cell attempting to infiltrate the federal government during the 1930s.

Society
The International Congress on Population and World Resources in Relation to the Family, meeting in Cheltenham, England, established a four-nation committee (with U.S., U.K., and Swedish representation) to promote birth control in all countries.

Golf
Howard Wheeler won the U.S. National Negro Golf Title in Indianapolis.

50 years ago
1958

Died on this date
Ernest O. Lawrence, 57. U.S. physicist. Dr. Lawrence was awarded the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements." He worked on the Manhattan Project during World War II and became a leading advocate of "Big Science," involving big machines and laboratories, with big money from government. Dr. Lawrence was in Geneva in August 1958 to help negotiate a Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty with the U.S.S.R. when his chronic ulcerative colitis made it impossible to continue; he was flown back to Stanford University, where he died, 19 days after his 57th birthday. The element lawrencium (atomic number 103) was named in his honour in 1961.

Politics and government
Colombian President Alberto Lleras Camargo lifted a nine-year state of siege and restored constitutional guarantees in 11 of 16 provinces.

Law
U.S. Attorney General William Rogers told the American Bar Association that the federal government was prepared to take steps necessary to "vindicate the [Supreme] Court's authority" should there be "concerted and substantial interference" with efforts to comply with court decisions.

Hockey
NHL
The Toronto Maple Leafs signed goaltender Johnny Bower, who had spent the previous season with the Cleveland Barons of the American Hockey League and had been named to the AHL's first All-Star team. Mr. Bower was expected to provide relief for Toronto starting goalie Ed Chadwick.

40 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): Heavenly Club--Les Sauterelles (5th week at #1)

Died on this date
Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark, Duchess of Kent, 61. U.K. Royal Family member. Princess Marina, a daughter of Prince Nicholas of Greece and granddaughter of King George I, married Prince George, Duke of Kent, in 1932. She was widowed when he was killed in a plane crash while serving with the Royal Air Force in 1942 during World War II. Princess Marina remained an active member of the Royal Family until her death from a brain tumour.

World events
Czechoslovakian Communist Party First Secretary Alexander Dubcek and President Ludvik Svoboda returned to Prague from Moscow and urged their people to remain calm in the face of Soviet demands for the reversal of the regime's liberalization of Communism.

Boxing
Manuel Ramos (21-7-2) scored a technical knockout of Marty Franklin (10-10-2) in the 4th round of a heavyweight bout at Municipal Auditorium in San Antonio.

30 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Rivers of Babylon--Boney M. (8th week at #1)

Politics and government
Shah of Iran Mohammed Reza Pahlevi appointed Jaffar Sharif Emami, a man of religious background with links to Muslim clergy, as Prime Minister of a reconciliation government.

Protest
Nicaraguan businessmen voted to support a nationwide strike aimed at forcing Nicaraguan President Anastasio Somoza Debayle to resign.

Economics and finance
The Dow Jones industrial average dropped 10.6 points, its biggest loss in two months, closing at 884.88.

Golf
Tom Watson won the Hall of Fame Classic in Pinehurst, North Carolina with a total score of 277. First prize money was $50,000.

Football
CFL
Toronto (3-4) 10 @ Saskatchewan (1-6) 31

Bob Macoritti set a league record for a single game with 7 field goals to help the Roughriders beat the Argonauts at Taylor Field in Regina. Mike Strickland rushed for over 100 yards for Saskatchewan, while fellow Roughrider running back Ron Jamerson played his second and last regular season game in the Canadian Football League. It was the last game in a Toronto uniform for defensive tackle Granville Liggins, who had been obtained by the Argonauts in a trade with the Calgary Stampeders in 1973.

Baseball
Dave Kingman drove in 4 runs with a 3-run home run and a ground out to lead the Chicago Cubs to a 7-1 win over the Cincinnati Reds before 40,014 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. Joe Morgan hit his 200th career major league home run for the Reds in the 3rd inning, becoming the first major league player to hit 200 home runs and steal 500 bases. Mike Krukow pitched a 4-hit complete game victory and hit a double.

The St. Louis Cardinals scored 3 runs in each of the 3rd through the 6th innings as they routed the Atlanta Braves 14-3 before 9,309 fans at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium.

Chris Speier reached second base on an error by center fielder Larry Herndon and scored on a single by Dave Cash in the top of the 10th inning to break a 1-1 tie as the Montreal Expos edged the San Francisco Giants 2-1 in the first game of a doubleheader before 28,633 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco. Ross Grimsley pitched a 4-hit complete game victory to improve his 1978 record to 16-9, winning the pitchers' duel over Vida Blue, who allowed 4 hits and 1 earned run in 9 1/3 innings to drop to 16-7. The Giants scored 7 runs in the 6th inning as they won the second game 11-2.

Eric Rasmussen pitched a 6-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Nino Espinosa as the San Diego Padres shut out the New York Mets 3-0 before 16,503 fans at San Diego Stadium.

Chris Chambliss and Graig Nettles each hit 2 home runs to help the New York Yankees defeat the Oakland Athletics 6-2 before 40,628 fans at Yankee Stadium. Winning pitcher Catfish Hunter allowed 5 hits and 2 earned runs in 7 innings to improve his 1978 record to 9-4, winning his sixth straight decision.

The Boston Red Sox allowed a run in the top of the 12th inning, but scored 2 unearned runs in the bottom of the 12th to defeat the California Angels 4-3 before 34,216 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. California third baseman Carney Lansford made an error on a ground ball by George Scott for what should have been the last out of the game, allowing Jerry Remy to score the tying run, and Butch Hobson followed with a single to score Fred Lynn with the winning run.

Eddie Murray hit a 2-run home run with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning to give the Baltimore Orioles a 4-3 win over the Seattle Mariners before 7,260 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore.

Butch Wynegar led off the top of the 11th inning with a double, and pinch runner Rob Wilfong scored on a single by Willie Norwood to break a 2-2 tie as the Minnesota Twins edged the Toronto Blue Jays 3-2 before 22,023 fans at Exhibition Stadium in Toronto. John Mayberry doubled to lead off the bottom of the 11th, but winning pitcher Mike Marshall retired the last 3 batters.

Ross Baumgarten pitched a 5-hitter for his first major league shutout to win the pitching matchup over Paul Reuschel as the Chicago White Sox blanked the Cleveland Indians 6-0 before 13,008 fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago.

25 years ago
1983

Hit parade
#1 single in France: Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)--Eurythmics (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Rondo Russo--Berdien Stenberg (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Give it Up--K.C. and the Sunshine Band (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K.: Give it Up--K.C. and the Sunshine Band (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Every Breath You Take--The Police (8th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Every Breath You Take--The Police (7th week at #1)
2 Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)--Eurythmics
3 She Works Hard for the Money--Donna Summer
4 Maniac--Michael Sembello
5 Puttin' on the Ritz--Taco
6 Flashdance...What a Feeling--Irene Cara
7 Electric Avenue--Eddy Grant
8 (Keep Feeling) Fascination--The Human League
9 Stand Back--Stevie Nicks
10 China Girl--David Bowie

Singles entering the chart were King of Pain by the Police (#40); Islands in the Stream by Kenny Rogers with Dolly Parton (#63); One Thing Leads to Another by the Fixx (#80); What am I Gonna Do (I’m So In Love With You) by Rod Stewart (#81); Just Be Good to Me by S.O.S. Band (#85); Can't Shake Loose by Agnetha Faltskog (#86); Everyday I Write the Book by Elvis Costello and the Attractions (#88); Living on the Edge by Jim Capaldi (#89); and Sharp Dressed Man by ZZ Top (#90).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Our House--Madness
2 Total Eclipse of the Heart--Bonnie Tyler
3 Every Breath You Take--The Police
4 Electric Avenue--Eddy Grant
5 Never Gonna Let You Go--Sergio Mendes
6 China Girl--David Bowie
7 Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)--Eurythmics
8 She Works Hard for the Money--Donna Summer
9 1999--Prince
10 Come Dancing--The Kinks

Singles entering the chart were I Don't Wanna Dance by Eddy Grant (#44); Celebration by the Headpins (#45); Kiss the Bride by Elton John (#47); and OK Blue Jays by the Bat Boys (#50).

Died on this date
Ted Reeve, 81. Canadian athlete, coach, and sportswriter. Mr. Reeve, nicknamed "The Moaner," organized the Toronto Balmy Beach Club of the Ontario Rugby Football Union in 1924, and played for them when they won the Grey Cup in 1927 and 1930. He coached the Queen's University Tricolor from 1933-1938--leading them to Yates Cup championships in 1934, 1935, and 1937--and coached the Montreal Royals of the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union in 1939, Balmy Beach in 1945-1946, the Toronto Beaches Indians of the ORFU in 1948. Mr. Reeve was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 1963. Mr. Reeve also played lacrosse and was a member of Mann Cup championship teams with the Oshawa Generals in 1929 and Brampton Excelsiors in 1930. He was inducted into the Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame in 1966 as a charter member. Mr. Reeve was a sportswriter with the Toronto Telegram from 1923-1971, and later with the Toronto Sun, writing in a style so idiosyncratic as to be almost incomprehensible to readers from later eras. His books included Grandstand Quarterback (1955). Mr. Reeve is a member of the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame.

Football
CFL
Montreal (1-6) 6 @ British Columbia (6-1) 28

Quarterback Roy Dewalt rushed 1 yard for a touchdown in the 1st quarter and threw touchdown passes of 11 and 41 yards to Merv Fernandez in the 4th quarter as the Lions beat the Concordes before 36,413 fans at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver. B.C. running back Larry Jones rushed 11 times for 70 yards--including a 38-yard draw play--and caught 5 passes for 28 yards.

20 years ago
1988

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Tell Me--Nick Kamen (9th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Tribute (Right On)--The Pasadenas

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Tribute (Right On)--The Pasadenas (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Nuit de folie--Début de Soirée (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): The Only Way is Up--Yazz and the Plastic Population (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): The Only Way is Up--Yazz and the Plastic Population (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Monkey--George Michael

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Monkey--George Michael
2 I Don't Wanna Go On with You Like That--Elton John
3 Roll With It--Steve Winwood
4 Sweet Child o' Mine--Guns 'N' Roses
5 I Don't Wanna Live Without Your Love--Chicago
6 Fast Car--Tracy Chapman
7 Hands to Heaven--Breathe
8 Perfect World--Huey Lewis and the News
9 Simply Irresistible--Robert Palmer
10 1-2-3--Gloria Estefan and Miami Sound Machine

Singles entering the chart were The Loco-Motion by Kylie Minogue (#83); Long and Lasting Love (Once in a Lifetime) by Glenn Medeiros (#87); Inside a Dream by Jane Wiedlin (#88); and Don't Know What You've Got (Till it's Gone) by Cinderella (#89).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 I Don't Wanna Go On With You Like That--Elton John (3rd week at #1)
2 Fast Car--Tracy Chapman
3 Sign Your Name--Terence Trent D'Arby
4 Make Me Lose Control--Eric Carmen
5 Simply Irresistible--Robert Palmer
6 Hold On to the Nights--Richard Marx
7 Hands to Heaven--Breathe
8 Perfect World--Huey Lewis and the News
9 Monkey--George Michael
10 Roll With It--Steve Winwood

Singles entering the chart were True Love by Glenn Frey (#72); The Rumour by Olivia Newton-John (#76); Don't You Know by Steve Winwood (#84); Don't Worry Be Happy by Bobby McFerrin (#88); Love Bites by Def Leppard (#91); Endless Night by Eye Eye (#93); Superstitious by Europe (#95); Bring Me Some Water by Melissa Etheridge (#96); Wait for Me by the Northern Pikes (#97); and Kokomo by the Beach Boys (#98). Don't Worry be Happy was featured in the movie Cocktail, and Kokomo was written for that movie.

Football
CFL
Ottawa (1-6) 24 @ Hamilton (4-3) 51



10 years ago
1998

Football
CFL
British Columbia (3-6) 8 @ Hamilton (7-2) 18
Toronto (5-4) 37 @ Winnipeg (0-9) 16
Saskatchewan (2-7) 13 @ Edmonton (6-3) 35

Jimmy Kemp threw touchdown passes to C.J. Williams, Myron Wise, and Shannon Myers, and Kavis Reed returned an interception 56 yards for another TD, as the Eskimos took a 28-0 lead at the end of the 1st quarter and coasted to victory over the Roughriders before 31,894 fans at Commonwealth Stadium. Mr. Kemp finished the game with 18 completions in 30 pass attempts for 292 yards. Edmonton's Henry "Gizmo" Williams passed 10,000 yards in career kick returns, while Saskatchewan's Don Narcisse broke former teammate Ray Elgaard's Canadian Football League career record of 830 pass receptions.