October 1, 2008

1,090 years ago
918

Died on this date
Zhou. Empress of Former Shu, 908-918. Zhou became Empress the year after Former Shu was established by Wang Jian.

420 years ago
1588

Died on this date
Edward James, 31 (?); Ralph Crockett. English Roman Catholic priests and martyrs. Messrs. James and Crockett were hanged the day after being convicted of violating a 1584 act of Parliament prohibiting Roman Catholic priests from coming into the realm of England. The two, with three other priests, had been ordained abroad and had been captured aboard ship upon re-entry into England on April 19, 1586, and then had spent more than two years imprisoned without trial. They were beatified by Pope Pius XI in 1929.

Asiatica
Shah Abbas I of Persia was crowned.

240 years ago
1768

Politics and government
Clément Charles François de Laverdy, who had been France's Controller-General of Finances since December 1763, was abruptly dismissed. He had attempted to suppress criticism of his performance, and was accused of having profited from commerce in wheat. Mr. Laverdy was replaced by Étienne Maynon d'Invault.

130 years ago
1878

Died on this date
Mindon Min, 70. King of Burma, 1853-1878. Mindon and his younger brother Kanaung overthrew their half-brother Pagan in order for Mindon to take the throne, where he became known as an effective administrator who modernized the country. King Mindon died of natural causes, and was succeeded by his son Thipaw.

110 years ago
1898

Academia
Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration was founded under the name k.u.k. Exportakademie.

Football
CRU
ORFU-University
Pre-season
Hamilton 1 @ University of Toronto 12

100 years ago
1908

Transportation
Henry Ford introduced the Ford Model T to the market; each car cost $825.

90 years ago
1918

Born on this date
Govindappa Venkataswamy. Indian ophthalmologist. Dr. Venkataswamy founded Aravind Eye Hospitals, restoring sight to millions of people, with high quality and low cost. He died on July 7, 2006 at the age of 87.

War
The Egyptian Expeditionary Force captured Damascus.

Politics and government
Sayid Abdullah became the last Khan of Khiva.

80 years ago
1928

Politics and government
Premier Edgar Nelson Rhodes led his Conservative Party to a second consecutive victory in the Nova Scotia provincial election, but with a reduced majority. The Conservatives won 24 of 43 seats in the House of Assembly, down from 40 in the most recent election in 1925. The Liberals, led by William Chisholm, increased their total from 3 seats to 18. One Labour Party candidate was elected.

Communications
Canada and the U.S.A. were linked for the first time by international air mail service when a plane from Hadley Field, New Jersey, making an intermediate stop at Albany, New York, landed at Montreal's St. Hubert Flying Field at 11:20 A.M., with mail for Montreal and Toronto. Five minutes later, another plane left for Toronto with the relayed mail and letters from Montreal.

Economics and finance
The U.S.S.R. introduced its first five-year plan.

70 years ago
1938

World events
Germany annexed the area of Czechoslovakia known as Sudetenland, which was mainly populated by ethnic Germans. The action took place the day after the leaders of Germany, Italy, France, and Great Britain had signed an agreement in Munich allowing German dictator Adolf Hitler to seize the Sudetenland, hoping that it would satisfy Mr. Hitler's territorial ambitions.

Football
CRU
IRFU-ORFU
Exhibition
Sarnia 19 @ Hamilton Tigers 1

IRFU-Canadian university
Exhibition
Ottawa 15 @ Queen's University 1

ORFU-Canadian university
Exhibition
University of Toronto 10 Toronto Balmy Beach 6

WIFU-U.S. college
Exhibition
North Dakota State University 6 @ Winnipeg 16
North Dakota State Teachers College 0 @ Calgary 38

WIFU-Canadian university
Exhibition
University of Alberta 0 @ Edmonton 35

Canadian university-Canadian intermediate
Exhibition
University of Western Ontario 15 Dundas 5
McGill University 36 Royal Military College 5
Regina Dales 13 @ University of Saskatchewan 5

The NDSU-Winnipeg and NDSTC-Calgary games were played entirely under U.S. rules.

Harold Sutton scored 2 touchdowns and a convert and Bob Fritz scored 2 touchdowns as the Eskimos routed the Polar Bears at Clarke Stadium. Eddie O'Brien and Ernie Stevens scored the other Edmonton TDs. Vince Yatchek kicked 2 converts, and Mr. Fritz passed to Gordon Gelhaye for another convert. Mr. Pike rouged an Alberta player for the Eskimos' other point.

60 years ago
1948

Died on this date
Lew Camp, 80. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Camp was an infielder and outfielder with the St. Louis Browns (1892) and Chicago Colts (1893-1894), batting .231 with 4 home runs and 31 runs batted in in 88 games. He played in various minor leagues from at least 1888-1901.

Literature
The novel The Young Lions by Irwin Shaw was published in New York by Random House.

Movies
British rules requiring theatres to devote 45% of their first-feature screen time to U.K. films went into effect. The American Motion Picture Association retaliated by banning mixed U.K.-U.S. billings in U.S. theatres.

War
The United Nations truce commission in Palestine complained of frequent violations of the Jerusalem cease-fire by Jewish forces under Bernard Joseph, Israeli military governor of the city.

Politics and government
Haj Amin el Husseini, Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, was elected President of the Arab Palestine National Assembly in Gaza and returned to Palestine after an 11-year exile.

Law
The California Supreme Court declared the state's 98-year-old ban on interracial marriages unconstitutional.

Baseball
The Detroit Tigers scored 3 runs in the top of the 9th inning and retired the Cleveland Indians in order in the bottom of the 9th to win 5-3 before 15,988 fans at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland, leaving the Indians 1 game ahead of the Boston Red Sox and New York Yankees in the American League pennant race, with 2 games remaining for all three teams.

The Pittsburgh Pirates scored 2 runs in the top of the 9th inning and retired the Cincinnati Reds in order in the bottom of the 9th to win 2-1 before 1,162 fans at Crosley Field in Cincinnati.

50 years ago
1958

At the movies
Man of the West, directed by Anthony Mann, and starring Gary Cooper, Julie London, Arthur O'Connell, and Lee J. Cobb, opened in theatres.



Literature
The novel The Ugly American by William Lederer and Eugene Burdick was published in New York by Norton.

Space
The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration officially replaced the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, and took over the 150-man team operating the Navy's Project Vanguard satellite program.

Diplomacy
The Arab League voted to admit Tunisia and Morocco to membership.

Canadian External Affairs Minister Sidney Smith and New York Mayor Robert Wagner opened Canada House in New York City.

Politics and government
Christmas Island, a 64-square-mile British dependency in the Indian Ociean, was transferred to Australian control.

The United Kingdom's seven-year plan for limited Cypriot self-rule was put into effect despite an island-wide general strike called by Greek Cypriots to oppose the plan.

Education
The Little Rock Private School Corporation began a drive for contributions of money and classroom space and for teachers to provide "private" education for up to 2,974 white children formerly enrolled in Little Rock's closed high schools.

Economics and finance
Bolivia devalued its currency from 9,000 to 11,000 bolivianos to the U.S. dollar in an effort to combat foreign exchange losses due to the slide in tin prices.

Labour
The United Auto Workers of America and Chrysler Corporation reached a three-year agreement covering 62,000 workers, providing benefits costing an estimated 30c per worker per hour.

Baseball
World Series
New York Yankees 3 @ Milwaukee Braves 4 (10 innings) (Milwaukee led best-of-seven series 1-0)

Bill Bruton singled home Joe Adcock with 2 out in the bottom of the 10th inning to give the Braves their win before 46,367 fans at County Stadium. Warren Spahn pitched an 8-hit complete game victory.





40 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): Hey Jude--The Beatles (4th week at #1)

Radio
Guyana nationalized the British Guiana Broadcasting Service, which eventually became part of the National Communications Network, Guyana.

Politics and government
Arnulfo Arias was inaugurated into a four-year term as President of Panama; he had been elected on May 12.

30 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Rivers of Babylon--Boney M. (13th week at #1)

Died on this date
Abe White, 74. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. White played in 5 games with the St. Louis Cardinals in 1937, posting a record of 0-1 with an earned run average of 6.75, and singling in his only plate appearance. He played in various minor leagues from at least 1928-1947.

Britannica
Tuvalu, formerly the Ellice Islands, was granted her independence from the United Kingdom.

Business
Calgary-based Crow's Nest Industries Limited amalgamated into Shell Canada Limited.

Golf
Gil Morgan won the World Series of Golf in a playoff in Akron, Ohio after posting a four-round total score of 278. First prize money was $100,000.

Football
CFL
Edmonton (9-1-2) 42 @ Montreal (6-6) 22
Calgary (4-4-3) 19 @ Saskatchewan (3-9) 20

Tom Wilkinson threw 4 touchdown passes--2 to Waddell Smith and 1 each to Brian Fryer and Tom Scott--to lead the Eskimos over the Alouettes before 54,652 fans at Olympic Stadium. Mr. Fryer's TD was his first in the Canadian Football League. Jim Germany rushed 2 yards for the other Edmonton touchdown. Montreal defensive back Terry Peters, in his third and last CFL game, was victimized by Mr. Wilkinson on three of his touchdown passes. Montreal quarterback Sonny Wade, playing for the first time since suffering a knee injury in the second game of the season on July 18, completed 2 touchdown passes and a 2-point convert pass to Peter Dalla Riva, and a TD pass to Larry Smith. It was the first CFL game for Montreal running back David Green, and the 12th and last CFL game for his backfield mate Ken Starch.

Bob Macoritti's 17-yard field goal with 5 seconds remaining in the game climaxed a late rally as the Roughriders came back from a 19-10 deficit to take advantage of a strong favouring wind and score 10 points in the last 3 minutes, shocking the Stampeders before 20,065 fans at Taylor Field in Regina. Saskatchewan quarterback Ron Lancaster completed a 10-yard touchdown pass to Freeman Johns--Mr. Johns' second TD reception of the 2nd half--with 2:46 remaining, and Mr. Macoritti's convert made the score 19-17. James Sykes scored the first Calgary touchdown on a 67-yard punt return in the 1st quarter and rushed 2 yards for the other Calgary TD with 4:41 remaining in the game. For Mr. Lancaster, in his 19th CFL season (16th with Saskatchewan), it turned out to be his last win at home as a player.

Baseball
The Cleveland Indians scored 6 runs in the first 2 innings and coasted to a 9-2 win over the New York Yankees before 39,189 fans at Yankee Stadium, preventing the Yankees from clinching first place in the American League East Division. Rick Waits pitched a 5-hit complete game victory.



Luis Tiant pitched a 2-hitter for the Boston Red Sox as they shut out the Toronto Blue Jays 5-0 before 29,201 fans at Fenway Park in Boston for their eighth straight win to finish the regular schedule tied with the New York Yankees for first place in the AL East Division with records of 99-63, necessitating a 1-game playoff in Boston the following day. Don Kirkwood pitched a 6-hit complete game, allowing 3 earned runs, walking 5 batters and striking out 3 in the 122nd and last game of his 5-year major league career.



The Montreal Expos scored 4 runs in the top of the 9th inning to break a 1-1 tie as they beat the St. Louis Cardinals 5-1 before 6,182 fans at Busch Memorial Stadium in St. Louis. Ross Grimsley pitched a 5-hitter for his 20th win of the season and had a single and run in the 9th, becoming the only 20-game winner the Expos ever had.

George Foster's second home run of the game and 40th of the season, a 2-run blow with 2 out in the bottom of the 14th inning, gave the Cincinnati Reds a 10-8 win over the Atlanta Braves before 35,840 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. Mr. Foster's game-winning homer followed a 2-out single by Ron Oester. Cincinnati catcher Johnny Bench hit a grand slam in the 3rd inning, while Atlanta left fielder Barry Bonnell batted 5 for 6 with a double, base on balls, and 3 runs.

Pinch hitter Oscar Gamble singled home Dave Winfield with 1 out in the bottom of the 11th inning to give the San Diego Padres a 4-3 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers before 37,185 fans at San Diego Stadium. Tony Castillo caught the last 2 innings for the Padres, making 3 putouts and an assist in his fifth and last major league game. Myron White played the last 9 innings in right field for the Dodgers, batting 2 for 3 with a double and a sacrifice hit, making 2 putouts in his seventh and last major league game.

25 years ago
1983

Hit parade
#1 single in France: Flashdance...What a Feeling--Irene Cara

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Red Red Wine--UB40

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Karma Chameleon--Culture Club

#1 single in the U.K.: Karma Chameleon--Culture Club (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Total Eclipse of the Heart--Bonnie Tyler

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Safety Dance--Men Without Hats
2 Total Eclipse of the Heart--Bonnie Tyler
3 Tell Her About It--Billy Joel
4 Puttin' on the Ritz--Taco
5 (She’s) Sexy + 17--Stray Cats
6 Every Breath You Take--The Police
7 Making Love Out of Nothing at All--Air Supply
8 Maniac--Michael Sembello
9 King of Pain--The Police
10 Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)--Eurythmics

Singles entering the chart were Automatic Man by Michael Sembello (#67); Send Her My Love by Journey (#76); Ain't Nobody by Rufus and Chaka Khan (#80); Take Another Picture by Quarterflash (#84); Major Tom (Coming Home) by Peter Schilling (#85); The Monkey Time by the Tubes (#86); Tender is the Night by Jackson Browne (#87); My Town by the Michael Stanley Band (#88); Don't Try to Stop It by Roman Holliday (#89); and Masquerade by Berlin (#90).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Maniac--Michael Sembello (2nd week at #1)
2 Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)--Eurythmics
3 Total Eclipse of the Heart--Bonnie Tyler
4 (She’s) Sexy + 17--Stray Cats
5 I'll Tumble 4 Ya--Culture Club
6 Tell Her About It--Billy Joel
7 She Works Hard for the Money--Donna Summer
8 Never Said I Loved You--Payola$ with Carole Pope
9 Rock 'N' Roll is King--Electric Light Orchestra
10 Every Breath You Take--The Police

Singles entering the chart were Suddenly Last Summer by the Motels (#44); Queen of the Broken Hearts by Loverboy (#45); Long Hot Summer (It Don't Matter What I Do) by the Style Council (#47); I.O.U. by Freeez (#49); and Don't Forget to Dance by the Kinks (#50).

Football
CFL
Winnipeg (8-4) 34 @ Hamilton (4-8) 19
Ottawa (5-6) 24 @ Saskatchewan (3-9) 23

The game before 19,266 fans at Ivor Wynne Stadium marked the first game between the Blue Bombers and Tiger-Cats since the September 21 trade that sent quarterback Dieter Brock from Winnipeg to Hamilton and quarterback Tom Clements from Hamilton to Winnipeg. Mr. Clements led the Blue Bombers to victory, but suffered a broken collarbone that put him on the injured list for the rest of the regular season. He was injured while completing a 20-yard touchdown pass to Jeff Boyd with 11 seconds remaining in the 1st half, just 45 seconds after Mr. Brock had rushed 2 yards for a Hamilton touchdown. Rookie Nickie Hall played the 2nd half for Winnipeg and threw a 27-yard TD pass to James Murphy and handed off to Willard Reaves for a 10-yard touchdown in the 4th quarter. Mr. Brock completed a 29-yard pass to Scott Collie for the other Hamilton touchdown early in the 3rd quarter. Mr. Clements completed 12 of 19 passes for 172 yards, while Mr. Hall was 4 for 13 for 71 yards. Mr. Brock wsa 19 for 33 for 189 yards, while backup Jeff Tedord was 3 for 8 for 24 yards. Mr. Reaves led all rushers with 23 carries for 130 yards. It was the last game for Bud Riley as head coach of the Tiger-Cats; he was fired several days later and replaced by Al Bruno.

The Roughriders blew a 22-0 2nd-quarter lead and lost to the Rough Riders before 24,563 fans at Taylor Field in Regina. Homer Jordan, making his first start as a CFl quarterback, threw touchdoan passes to Chris DeFrance and Dwight Edwards, and Tim Kearse returned a punt 68 yards for a TD to give Saskatchewan the lead, but Gerry Organ kicked a 31-yard field goal on the last play of the 1st half to get Ottawa on the scoreboard. Skip Walker rushed 2 yards for the first Ottawa touchdown in the 3rd quarter, and J.C. Watts completed a 3-yard pass to Dave Newman for the next Rough Rider TD on the last play of the quarter. Mr. Newman's touchdown was set up by a 75-yard punt return by Mariet Ford. Mr. Watts rushed 8 yards for the touchdown that gave Ottawa the lead early in the 4th quarter. Saskatchewan kicker Dave Ridgway missed all 3 of his field goal attempts, the last coming fromm 35 yards with 1:12 remaining. The kick, from 35 yards, would have given the Roughriders the lead, but went for a single point. Mr. Walker became the first player in 1983 to gain over 1,000 yards rushing for the season.

CIAU
Calgary 27 @ Alberta 24

Greg Vavra's touchdown pass to Randy Guy late in the game enabled the Dinosaurs to escape with a victory over the Golden Bears at Varsity Stadium in Edmonton. Alberta kicker Glenn Godfrey missed 5 of 6 field goal attempts. This blogger had the pleasure of meeting veteran broadcaster Ken Newans of CFCN radio in Calgary, who was in town to call the CFL game between the Edmonton Eskimos and Calgary Stampeders the next day. Several members of the Eskimos were also at the game.

20 years ago
1988

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Gimme Five 2--Jovanotti (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Stop--Sam Brown (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): The Only Way is Up--Yazz and the Plastic Population

#1 single in France (SNEP): Un Roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me Reason)--Elsa and Glenn Medeiros (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Desire--U2 (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): He Ain't Heavy, He's My Brother--The Hollies (2nd week at #1)

He Ain't Heavy, He's My Brother had originally reached #3 in the U.K. in the fall of 1969.

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Don't Worry Be Happy--Bobby McFerrin (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Don't Worry Be Happy--Bobby McFerrin
2 Sweet Child o' Mine--Guns 'N' Roses
3 Love Bites--Def Leppard
4 I'll Always Love You--Taylor Dayne
5 If it Isn't Love--New Edition
6 One Good Woman--Peter Cetera
7 Red Red Wine--UB40
8 Don't Be Cruel--Cheap Trick
9 Simply Irresistible--Robert Palmer
10 Perfect World--Huey Lewis and the News

Singles entering the chart were Desire by U2 (#53); Walk on Water by Eddie Money (#77); Downtown Life by Daryl Hall John Oates (#84); Don't Be Afraid of the Dark by the Robert Cray Band (#86); Way Out by J.J. Fad (#87); Cars with the Boom by L'Trimm (#88); Finish What Ya Started by Van Halen (#89); Not Just Another Girl by Ivan Neville (#90); and Tell That Girl to Shut Up by Transvision Vamp (#91).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 It Would Take a Strong Man--Rick Astley
2 Monkey--George Michael
3 Sweet Child o' Mine--Guns 'N' Roses
4 Perfect World--Huey Lewis and the News
5 One Good Woman--Peter Cetera
6 Forever Young--Rod Stewart
7 True Love--Glenn Frey
8 Don't You Know--Steve Winwood
9 Don't Be Cruel--Cheap Trick
10 Simply Irresistible--Robert Palmer

Singles entering the chart were Desire by U2 (#49); Into the Night by Big Bang (#73); What's on Your Mind by Information Society (#77); Bad Medicine by Bon Jovi (#79); Powerful Stuff by the Fabulous Thunderbirds (#82); Rave On by John Cougar Mellencamp (#86); Early in the Morning by Robert Palmer (#92); It's Over Now by Honeymoon Suite (#94); Dance Little Sister by Terence Trent D'Arby (#96); and Age of Reason by John Farnham (#99). Powerful Stuff and Rave On were both from the movie Cocktail (1988).

Politics and government
The Supreme Soviet confirmed Mikhail Gorbachev as President of the U.S.S.R. Yegor Ligachev, regarded as a hardline critic of Mr. Gorbachev, was relieved of his position as party ideologist and was put in charge of overseeing agriculture policy. The Supreme Soviet named Vadim Medvedev to replace Mr. Ligachev in the ideology and propaganada portfolios. President Andrei Gromyko, 79, was retired, ostensibly for reasons of health. Aleksandr Yakovlev, an ally of Mr. Gorbachev, replaced Anatoly Dobrynin as Foreign Minister. Viktor Chebrikov, an ally of Mr. Ligachev, was replaced as head of the secret police force KGB by Vladimir Kryuchkov. Mr. Gorbachev, elected unanimously by the 1,500 members of the Supreme Soviet, said that the people were not satisfied with the way that the government and party bodies were functioning.

Olympics
Carolyn Waldo and Michelle Cameron of Canada won the gold medal in synchronized swimming in Seoul. Miss Waldo, who had won the solo competition four days earlier, became the first Canadian woman to win two gold medals in a single summer Olympic games.

Lennox Lewis of Canada defeated Riddick Bowe of the United States to win the gold medal in the super heavyweight boxing final, becoming the first Canadian boxer to win a gold medal since 1932.

Football
CFL
British Columbia (6-7) 24 @ Hamilton (7-6) 23

Matt Dunigan's 43-yard touchdown pass to Anthony Parker, converted by Lui Passaglia, with 1:21 remaining in regulation time, gave the Lions their win over the Tiger-Cats before 14,207 fans at Ivor Wynne Stadium.



CIAU
Alberta 15 @ Calgary 21

Bob Torrance threw 3 touchdown passes in the 2nd quarter for the Dinosaurs as they held on to defeat the Golden Bears at McMahon Stadium. Brian Forrest caught a 33-yard pass from Jeff Steinberg in the 1st quarter to open the scoring for Alberta, and Tom Houg scored the other Golden Bear touchdown in the 3rd quarter on a short rush.

10 years ago
1998

Baseball
National League Division Series
Chicago 1 @ Atlanta 2 (10 innings) (Atlanta led best-of-five series 2-0)







San Diego 4 @ Houston 5 (Best-of-five series tied 1-1)