June 16, 2020

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Gloria Maria Bello Arteaga!

225 years ago
1795

War
In a naval battle off the west coast of Brittany, British Royal Navy commander Vice-Admiral William Cornwallis, whose forces were heavily outnumbered, attempted a retreat in order to escape French forces commanded by Admiral Villaret de Joyeuse.

130 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Stan Laurel. U.K.-born U.S. comic actor. Mr. Laurel, born Arthur Stanley Jefferson, moved from England to the United States and worked in silent films for a number of years before producer Hal Roach teamed him up with Oliver Hardy. They made dozens of silent and sound comedy short and feature films, the best of which include Big Business (1929); Sons of the Desert (1933); and Way Out West (1937). They left the Roach studio after 1940, and the quality of their movies declined when they no longer were able to exercise any creative control. Laurel and Hardy made several mediocre and forgettable movies in Hollywood from 1941-1945, and a final film, Utopia (1950), for a French studio. The duo made a tour of English music halls in 1954 that was very well received, and they drew huge crowds wherever they went. Mr. Hardy died on August 7, 1957 at the age of 65 after a series of strokes. Mr. Laurel lived in a modest apartment in Santa Monica, California; he kept his number listed in the phone book in case any fans might want to pay him a visit. He died on February 23, 1965 at the age of 74.

120 years ago
1900

Baseball
Win Kellum pitched a no-hitter for the Indianapolis Hoosiers, walking 2 batters and striking out 1, as they shut out the Chicago White Stockings 7-0 in an American League game at South Side Park in Chicago. The AL was a minor league in 1900.

Frank Morrissey pitched a no-hitter for the Portsmouth Boers, walking 2 batters and striking out 3, as they edged the Norfolk Phenoms 1-0 in a Virginia League game in Norfolk.

110 years ago
1910

Born on this date
Juan Velasco Alvarado. President of Peru, 1968-1975. General Velasco joined the Peruvian Army in 1929 and advanced through the ranks, assuming General Command of the Army in January 1968. He seized power in a bloodless military coup on October 3, 1968, deposing the democratically elected administration of President Fernando Belaúnde, and sending Mr. Belaúnde into exile. As President, Gen. Velasco pursued leftist foreign and domestic policies, tightening relations with Cuba, purchasing military hardware from the Soviet Union, and nationalizing entire industries. His health began to decline, and he was deposed in a bloodless military coup on August 29, 1975. Gen. Velasco's health continued to decline until his death on December 24, 1977 at the age of 67.

Religion
The Church in the Mission Field was the theme of today's presentation at the World Missionary Conference in the Assembly Hall of the United Free Church of Scotland in Edinburgh.

100 years ago
1920

Born on this date
John Howard Griffin. U.S. writer. Mr. Griffin was a journalist and author who served with the French Resistance and U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II. He was blinded in an accident in 1946, but his sight suddenly returned in 1957, and he became a photographer. Mr. Griffin, a white Texan, was best known for his examination of racism in the southern United States in 1959-1960. He used medical treatment to darken his skin, shaved his head to hide his straight hair, and spent several weeks masquerading as a Negro. Mr. Griffin's articles on his experiences were published in Sepia magazine under the title Journey into Shame, and collected in the book Black Like Me (1961). The book was made into a movie in 1964, with James Whitmore playing Mr. Griffin. Mr. Griffin was a good friend of Trappist monk Thomas Merton in the 1960s and was authorized by Mr. Merton to write his autobiography, but Mr. Griffin developed diabetes, which prevented him from completing the project, and eventually led to his death on September 9, 1980 at the age of 60.

Jose Lopez Portillo. 51st President of Mexico, 1976-1982. Mr. Lopez Portillo, a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), began his political career in 1959 and held various positions before succeeding Luis Echevarria as President. His reign, during which banks were nationalized, was beset by corruption. Mr. Lopez Portillo died on February 17, 2004 at the age of 83.

90 years ago
1930

Society
Sovnarkom established decree time in the U.S.S.R.

Died on this date
Elmer Ambrose Sperry, 69. U.S. inventor. Mr. Sperry was best known for co-inventing the gyrocompass with Herman Anschütz-Kaempfe. Mr. Anschütz-Kaempfe invented a workable gyrocompass in Germany in 1906, while Mr. Sperry received a U.S. patent in 1908 for his invention; he founded Sperry Gyroscope Company in 1910, and sold his invention to the U.S. Navy in 1911. Mr. Sperry worked on other inventions for defense purposes through World War I, and also worked closely with Japanese companies and the Japanese government. He sold his company to North American Aviation in 1929, and died of complications six weeks after surgery for the removal of gallstones.

Ezra Fitch, 64. U.S. businessman. Mr. Fitch was a real estate developer in Kingston, New York who was a regular customer of the outdoor clothing store Abercrombie Co. He liked the store so much that he became a partner of David Abercrombie, and the store became known as Abercrombie & Fitch in 1904. Mr. Fitch bought out his partner in 1907, and expanded the company's appeal to the general public, creating its first mail-order catalogue in 1909. He began importing mahjong sets from China in 1920 and sold them, thus helping to create the boom in the game's popularity in the 1920s. Mr. Fitch died aboard his yacht Content at Santa Barbara, California.

Baseball
The St. Louis Cardinals traded pitchers Fred Frankhouse and Bill Sherdel to the Boston Braves for pitcher Burleigh Grimes. Mr. Frankhouse was 2-3 with an earned run average of 7.32 in 8 games with St. Louis in 1930, while Mr. Sherdel was 3-2 with a 4.64 ERA in 13 games. Mr. Grimes was 3-5 with a 7.35 ERA in 11 games with Boston in 1930.

The Washington Nationals traded pitcher Garland Braxton and catcher Bennie Tate to the Chicago White Sox for first baseman Art Shires. Mr. Braxton, the American League leader in earned run average in 1928, was 3-2 with an earned run average of 3.29 and 5 saves in 15 games with Washington in 1930, while Mr. Tate was batting .250 (5 for 20 with no home runs and 2 runs batted in in 14 games. Mr. Shires was hitting .258 with 1 homer and 18 RBIs in 37 games with Chicago in 1930.

The Philadelphia Phillies, leading the Pittsburgh Pirates 16-3 after 6 innings at Baker Bowl in Philadelphia, gave up 11 runs in the last 3 innings, but held on for an 18-14 win. Chuck Klein led the Phillies with a home run, double and 2 singles, scoring 4 runs and driving in 3. Lefty O’Doul, Don Hurst, and Fred Brickell also homered for the Phillies.

The New York Giants hit 5 solo home runs but still lost 8-5 to the Chicago Cubs at the Polo Grounds in New York. The Giants were leading 4-3 going into the 9th inning, with Carl Hubbell (6-4) pitching, when the Cubs loaded the bases with nobody out. Mr. Hubbell retired the next 2 batters, but then Riggs Stephenson beat out an infield hit to tie the game, and Charlie Grimm hit a grand slam.

Marty McManus led off the bottom of the 9th inning with a single, stole second base, and scored on a double by Dale Alexander to give the Detroit Tigers a 9-8 win over the Philadelphia Athletics at Navin Field in Detroit. The Tigers had tied the score on a solo home run by Roy Johnson with 2 out in the bottom of the 8th. The game was played in 1 hour 52 minutes.

80 years ago
1940

War
Italian planes bombed British air bases at Salum and Sidi Barrani, Egypt. Japanese bombers inflicted heavy damage on Chungking.

Diplomacy
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill offered France a declaration of permanent union with the United Kingdom; when the French cabinet showed no interest in the idea, Prime Minister Paul Reynaud resigned, and Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain became Chief of State (Chef de l'État Français). A message arrived from U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt ending Mr. Reynaud's hopes for American intervention into the war.

Politics and government
A Communist government was installed in Lithuania.

Communist and Fascist parties were declared illegal in Australia.

Defense
The U.S.S.R. demanded that the Baltic states of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania place themselves under Soviet military protection.

U.S. Interior Secretary Harold Ickes established a defense resources commission within the Interior Department.

Track and field
Bill Watson amassed 7,523 points to win the American decathlon championship in Cleveland.

Baseball
The Cincinnati Reds managed just 2 hits against Whit Wyatt, but one of them was a home run, and that was enough as the Reds beat the Brooklyn Dodgers 1-0 in the first game of a doubleheader before 30,005 fans at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn. In the 9th inning, Lonnie Frey’s line drive hit the top of the right field wall, bounced straight up, and settled on a ledge on top of the wall next to the scoreboard for a home run. In the second game, Jim Turner pitched an 8-hit complete game and added a single and double with a run batted in as the Reds won 5-2 to complete the sweep. Losing pitcher Curt Davis allowed 9 hits and 5 runs--4 earned--in 8 innings to drop to 0-5 for the season.

75 years ago
1945

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Sentimental Journey--Les Brown and his Orchestra (vocal chorus by Doris Day) (Best Seller--4th week at #1; Airplay--1st week at #1; Juke Box--1st week at #1; Honor Roll of Hits--3rd week at #1)

War
The British Air Ministry said that the Royal Air Force had lost 16,385 planes in the European and Mediterranean theatres through May 8, 1945.

Defense
U.S. Army General George Marshall, U.S. Navy Fleet Admiral Ernest King, and U.S. Navy Secretary James Forrestal told the House of Representatives Committee on Postwar Military Policy that universal military training in peacetime should be implemented.

Politics and government
The Haitian government of President Élie Lescot established censorship in all internal communications "for reasons of a political nature."

U.S. President Harry Truman named Luther Evans as Librarian of Congress.

Health
Because of the urgent health problems resulting from World War II, the U.S. delegation at the United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco pushed for immediate establishment of an international health organization.

Labour
More than 6,000 truck drivers in Chicago ignored U.S. government orders and went on strike.

Horse racing
Polynesian, with Wayne Wright up, won the 70th running of the Preakness Stakes at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore in 1:58 4/5, with Kentucky Derby winner Hoop, Jr. second and Pavot third in the 9-horse field.

70 years ago
1950

Died on this date
Alfred Clark, 76. U.S.-born U.K. recording engineer, movie director and cinematographer. Mr. Clark worked with Thomas Edison in the 1890s, photographing and directing some of his films, and introducing innovations such as continuity, plot, trained actors, and special effects. He collaborated with Emile Berliner and Eldridge Johnson on the development of the gramophone, and went to France in 1899 as a representative of both Mr. Edison and Mr. Berliner. Mr. Clark founded the Compagnie de Gramophone Française in the early 1900s, recording the works of major composers and artists. He moved to England in 1908, and managed the Gramophone company there. Mr. Clark became a British subject in 1928, and retired in 1946.

Diplomacy
The U.S.A., U.K., and France told the U.S.S.R. that Trieste's future must be decided through an agreement between Italy and Yugoslavia. They rejected a Soviet demand that Trieste be internationalized, and denied that they had used Trieste illegally as a military base.

Pakistan asked South Africa to delay enforcement of the Group Areas law on racial segregation until a South Africa-Pakistan-India conference could be held to discuss the statsus of "coloured" residents of South Africa.

Politics and government
U.S. President Harry Truman appointed Ambassador-at-large Averell Harriman as his special assistant to coordinate the work of all government departments dealing with foreign affairs.

Society
U.S. President Truman signed the Displaced Persons Immigration bill.

Crime
The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation arrested New York machinist David Greenglass, accused of giving atomic bomb secrets to Harry Gold.

Business
U.S. President Truman vetoed a controversial "basing point" bill which would have authorized manufacturers to charge uniform prices throughout the country by absorbing freight costs.

Labour
Congress of Industrial Organizations President Philip Murray urged CIO Political Action Committee members to cooperate with the American Federation of Labor and other labor groups on the local level.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Marina--Rocco Granata and the International Quintet (14th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Cathy's Clown--The Everly Brothers (7th week at #1)

At the movies
Psycho was given its premiere screening at the DeMille Theatre in New York City.



Died on this date
Francis Parker Yockey, 42. U.S. author and political activist. Mr. Yockey, a graduate of the University of Notre Dame law school, was a key figure in pro-Fascist circles worldwide in the years after World War II; unlike most others of such views, he advocated an alliance of left and right. Heavily influenced by Oswald Spengler, Mr. Yockey wrote, under the pseudonym Ulick Varange, a 600-page book titled Imperium: The Philosophy of History and Politics (1948). After eluding capture for over a decade through the use of various aliases, Mr. Yockey was arrested by the Federal Bureau of Investigation shortly after returning to the United States when his suitcase was sent to the wrong airport and his false identity papers were discovered when authorities opened the suitcase to see to whom it belonged. Mr. Yockey committed suicide with a cyanide capsule in prison in San Francisco, leaving a note claiming that he was committing suicide to protect the identities of his political contacts. His work was continued by Willis Carto through the organization Liberty Lobby.

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Kvällstoppen): Pretty Belinda--Chris Andrews (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): Mademoiselle Ninette--The Soulful Dynamics (8th week at #1)

Died on this date
Brian Piccolo, 26. U.S. football player. Mr. Piccolo was a running back at Wake Forest University (1962-1964), leading the nation in rushing and scoring in his senior year, earning Second Team All-American honours. He was on the practice roster of the Chicago Bears in 1965, and made the roster the following year, playing through 1969. In 51 games, Mr. Piccolo rushed 258 times for 927 yards (3.7 yards per carry) and 4 touchdowns; caught 58 passes for 537 yards (9.3 avg.) and 1 TD; and returned 9 punts for 43 yards (4.8 avg.). He scored touchdowns in each of his last two games, but was having difficulty breathing during games, and was diagnosed with embryonal cell carcinoma, an aggressive form of germ cell testicular cancer. The cancer spread over the next few months, and proved fatal. Mr. Piccolo was best known for his close friendship with backfield mate and road trip roommate, Pro Football Hall of Fame member Gale Sayers; Mr. Piccolo was white, and Mr. Sayers was a Negro, and their friendship provided a positive example of race relations during a time of national racial tension. The story of their friendship was told in the made-for-television movie Brian's Song (1971). The Bears retired Mr. Piccolo's jersey number 41, one of many posthumous honours bestowed upon him.

Terrorism
Ehrefried von Holleben, West Germany’s Ambassador to Brazil, was released unharmed five days after being kidnapped by political dissidents. The Brazilian government met the kidnappers’ demand to fly 40 political prisoners to freedom in Algeria.

Politics and government
Kenneth A. Gibson decisively defeated incumbent Hugh Addonizio in a runoff election to become Mayor of Newark, New Jersey. Mr. Gibson became the first Negro mayor of a major eastern U.S. seaboard city. Mr. Addonizio had been on trial for extortion and income tax evasion.

U.S. Vice President Spiro Agnew called for the resignation of Joseph Rhodes, Jr., a 22-year-old Harvard University junior fellow, from President Richard Nixon’s commission on campus unrest, saying that Mr. Rhodes did not possess the "maturity, objectivity, and judgment" to sit on the panel. Mr. Rhodes, who two day earlier had said that he would talk with the Devil if it would stop people from being killed, said that he would not resign.

Protest
The Turkish government proclaimed martial law in Istanbul and Izmir, following labour riots in which three people were killed and scores injured.

Crime
The first of a series of trials of Black Panthers accused of murdering a fellow party member opened quietly in New Haven, Connecticut.

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Tired of Toein' the Line--Rocky Burnette (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Dancing All Night--Monta & Brothers (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Rapper's Delight--Sugarhill Gang (6th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Der Nippel--Mike Krüger (4th week at #1)

World events
Nripen Chakravarti, Chief Minister of the Indian state of Tripura, blamed the Indian government for the massacre of 350 Bengali immigrants a week earlier, asserting that if the federal government had heeded his pleas to put down the current tribal insurgency, the massacre at Mandai would not have taken place.

Protest
Crowds in the Elsie’s River and Ravensmead areas of Cape Town defied a ban on all meetings marking the fourth anniversary of the riots in the Negro township of Soweto. Demonstrators stoned police cars and other vehicles and blocked roads. Looting and arson followed, and police were reported firing into the crowds.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
British Columbia (0-1-1) 19 @ Hamilton (2-0) 29

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): All I Wanna Do is Make Love to You--Heart (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Un' Estate Italiana--Edoardo Bennato; Gianna Nannini (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): The Power--Snap!

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): What's a Woman?--Vaya con Dios (4th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Bo le lavabo (WC Kiss)--Lagaf'

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): World in Motion--England New Order (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Paint it Black--The Rolling Stones (4th week at #1)
2 What's a Woman?--Vaya con Dios
3 Still Got the Blues (For You)--Gary Moore
4 Se Bastasse Una Canzone--Eros Ramazzotti
5 All I Wanna Do is Make Love to You--Heart
6 Saxuality--Candy Dulfer
7 Caruso-Luciano Pavarotti
8 Kingston Town--UB40
9 I Promised Myself--Nick Kamen
10 At this Moment/Emozioni--Marco Borsato

Singles entering the chart were Back by Dope Demand by King Bee (#26); Ooops Up by Snap! (#27); Hijo de la Luna by Mecano (#29); Better the Devil You Know by Kylie (#36); Club at the End of the Street by Elton John (#37); and Yaaah by D-Shake (#38).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
2 Hold On--Wilson Phillips
3 Poison--Bell Biv DeVoe
4 Step by Step--New Kids on the Block
5 Vogue--Madonna
6 All I Wanna Do is Make Love to You--Heart
7 Alright--Janet Jackson
8 U Can't Touch This--M.C. Hammer
9 Ready Or Not--After 7
10 Do You Remember?--Phil Collins

Singles entering the chart were If Wishes Came True by Sweet Sensation (#58); My Kinda Girl by Babyface (#71); The Right Combination by Seiko & Donnie Wahlberg (#88); Don't You Love Me by the 49-ers (#91); Follow My Heartbeat by A’me Lorain (#92); and Chain of Fools by Little Caesar (#93).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Hold On--Wilson Phillips
2 Poison--Bell Biv DeVoe
3 Vogue--Madonna
4 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
5 U Can’t Touch This--M.C. Hammer
6 Step By Step--New Kids on the Block
7 All I Wanna Do is Make Love to You--Heart
8 Alright--Janet Jackson
9 Ready Or Not--After 7
10 Ooh La La (I Can’t Get Over You)--Perfect Gentlemen

Singles entering the chart were My Kinda Girl by Babyface (#65); Follow My Heartbeat by A’me Lorain (#70); What are You Doing with a Fool Like Me by Joe Cocker (#74); Rise to It by Kiss (#85); Let Me Be Your Lover by U-Krew (#89); and Take it to Heart by Michael McDonald (#93).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Vogue--Madonna
2 All I Wanna Do is Make Love to You--Heart
3 Hold On--Wilson Phillips
4 Nothing Compares to U--Sinead O’Connor
5 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
6 Alright--Janet Jackson
7 Do You Remember?--Phil Collins
8 This Old Heart of Mine--Rod Stewart with Ronald Isley
9 Baby It's Tonight--Jude Cole
10 Children of the Night--Richard Marx

Singles entering the chart were The Emperor's New Clothes by Sinead O'Connor (#59); Every Little Thing by Jeff Lynne (#66); Notice Me by Nikki (#69); Way Down Now by World Party (#79); Joey by Concrete Blonde (#86); Welcome to the Real World by Jane Child (#87); I Will Give You Everything by Skydiggers (#90); Pretty Pink Rose by Adrian Belew with David Bowie (#91); What are You Doing with a Fool Like Me by Joe Cocker (#94); and Driving by Everything But the Girl (#95).

Politics and government
The leader of the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs, representing the province’s 60,000 Indians, said that the chiefs were determined to block the Meech Lake Canadian constitutional accord until it expired on the June 23 deadline.

Boxing
Former world heavyweight champion Mike Tyson (38-1) knocked out Henry Tillman (20-5) at 2:47 of the 1st round of their bout at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas. It was Mr. Tyson's first fight since losing the title on February 11 when he was knocked out by Buster Douglas in Tokyo.



25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Se på mej--Jan Johansen (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me, Kill Me--U2 (2nd week at #1)

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Birmingham (0-1) 28 @ Shreveport (1-0) 31
Winnipeg (1-0) 30 @ Saskatchewan (0-1) 27

10 years ago
2000

Defense
United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan reported that Israel had complied with United Nations Security Council Resolution 425, 22 years after its issuance, and had completely withdrawn from Lebanon. The Resolution did not encompass the Shebaa farms, which was claimed by Israel, Syria and Lebanon.

South Korean President Kim Dae Jung said that the continued presence of U.S. troops in South Korea was important to regional security. The United States announced that it had no intention of withdrawing any of its 37,000 troops from South Korea.

Disasters
A boy and girl were drowned when a glass-bottomed tugboat sank near Tobermory, Ontario, plunging 17 grade 7 students and their teachers into the cold, choppy waters of Georgian Bay.

Basketball
NBA
Finals
Los Angeles Lakers 87 @ Indiana 120 (Los Angeles led best-of-seven series 3-2)

The Pacers built a 20-point lead in the 2nd quarter and coasted to victory over the Lakers before 18,345 fans at Conseco Fieldhouse in Indianapolis. Jalen Rose led the Pacers with 32 points--and made 4 of 5 3-point field goal attempts--and Reggie Miller added 25 points, and was 4 for 6 in 3-point FG attempts. Shaquille O'Neal led the Lakers with 35 points and 11 rebounds.



10 years ago
2010

Died on this date
Ronald Neame, 99. U.K. movie director, producer, cinematographer, and screenwriter. Mr. Neame began his career as a cinematographer, and was nominated for an Academy Award for One of Our Aircraft is Missing (1942). He was associated with director David Lean as producer and screenwriter, and shared Oscar nominations for the screenplays of Brief Encounter (1945) and Great Expectations (1946). Mr. Neame directed movies such as Tunes of Glory (1960) and The Poseidon Adventure (1972). He died from complications of a broken leg.

George Milner, 82. Canadian teacher. Mr. Milner, a Communist in his early days who was led by his future wife Helena to saving faith in Jesus Christ, taught in public schools in Alberta for many years. He was a life member of the Alberta Teachers Association, despite attending none of the ATA's functions after the founding assembly in 1946. Mr. Milner was president of the northern Alberta branch of the Monarchist League in his retirement. He was a wonderful man with a great sense of humour, and is greatly missed.

Maureen Forrester, 79. Canadian singer. Miss Forrester, a native of Montreal, was an operatic contralto who enjoyed a successful international career from the mid-1950s through the early '80s. She died in Toronto after a long battle with dementia.

Marc Bazin, 78. Prime Minister and provisional President of Haiti, 1992-1993. Mr. Bazin was an economist with the World Bank (1972-1976), and was Minister of Finance and Economy in the cabinet of President Jean-Claude Duvalier from February-July 1982. After President Jean-Bertrand Aristide was deposed by a military coup, Mr. Bazin was appointed Prime Minister and acting President in June 1992. He resigned as provisional President in June 1993 and as Prime Minister in August 1993. Mr. Bazin was briefly a cabinet minister in 2002, and ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2006. He died of prostate cancer.

Politics and government
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada hosted its first national event in Winnipeg.

Health
Bhutan became the first country to institute a total ban on tobacco.