Saturday, 3 April 2021

April 4, 2021

1,125 years ago
896


Died on this date
Formosus, 79-80 (?)
. Roman Catholic Pope, 891-896. Formosus became cardinal bishop of Porto in 864, and undertook several diplomatic missions before succeeding Stephen V as pope. Formosus' reign was marked by interventions in power struggles over the Patriarchate of Constantinople, the Kingdom of West Francia, and the Holy Roman Empire. He was succeeded by Boniface VI.

300 years ago
1721


Politics and government
Sir Robert Walpole was appointed First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons, becoming the first de facto British Prime Minister.

200 years ago
1821


Born on this date
Linus Yale, Jr.
. U.S. inventor and businessman. Mr. Yale, the son of a lockmaker, also invented locks, including the pin tumbler safe lock, and co-founded Yale Lock Manufacturing Company in 1868. He died of a heart attack at the age of 47 on December 25, 1868, while on a business trip to New York City.

180 years ago
1841

Died on this date
William Henry Harrison, 68
. 9th President of the United States (1841). Major General Harrison served with the U.S. Army in wars agains the Indians and the War of 1812, earning the nickname "Old Tippecanoe" for his role in leading troops against Tecumseh in the Battle of Tippecanoe (1811). He held various political offices, including Governor of Indiana Territory (1801-1812), and U.S. Senator, representing Ohio (1825-1828) while a member of the Democratic-Republican Party. Mr. Harrison resigned from the Senate to accept the position of U.S. Ambassador to Gran Colombia (1828-1829). He was the unsuccessful Whig Party candidate for President of the United States in 1836, but was elected in 1840, becoming the oldest man yet elected to the presidency. On March 4, 1841, Mr. Harrison delivered a two-hour inaugural address on a rainy day while not wearing a hat, but it wasn't until March 26 that he developed cold-like symptoms, which turned into pneumonia. A recent analysis has concluded that President Harrison died from septic shock due to "enteric fever" (typhoid or paratyphoid fever) as a result of the White House water supply being downstream from public sewage. Mr. Harrison was the first American president to die in office, and was succeeded by Vice President John Tyler.

170 years ago
1851


Born on this date
James Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy
. Irish politician and judge. Mr. Campbell, a member of the Irish Unionist Alliance, represented Dublin St. Stephen's Green (1898-1900) and Dublin University (1903-1917) in the British House of Commons, serving as Solicitor-General for Ireland (1903-1905) and Attorney-General for Ireland (1905, 1916-1917). He was created a baronet and appointed to the bench in 1917 as Lord Chief Justice of Ireland; the following year he was appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland, serving until 1921. Upon leaving office, Mr. Campbell became Baron Glenavy; he became a member of the Irish Free State Seanad (Senate) in 1922, serving as its first Cathaoirleach (chairman) until 1928. In 1923, Lord Glenavy chaired the Judicial Committee appointed to advise the Executive Council (cabinet) on the creation of a new courts system for the Irish Free State. His recommendations were adopted in the Courts of Justice Act 1924, and largely created the Irish court system that still exists. Lord Glenavy died in Dublin on March 22, 1931, 13 days before his 80th birthday.

160 years ago
1861


Died on this date
John McLean, 76
. U.S. judge and politician. Mr. McLean was a member of several political parties, and was a Democratic-Republican when he represented Ohio's 1st District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1813-1816). While still a Congressman, he was elected an Associate Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court, and resigned his seat, serving on the court from 1816-1822. Mr. McLean subsequently served as Commissioner of the General Land Office (1822-1823); U.S. Postmaster General (1823-1829); and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1829-1861). His opinions favoured economic nationalism and opposed slavery; he was one of the two dissenting justices in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), in which the majority ruled that Negroes were not citizens of the United States and had no rights that white men were bound to respect. Mr. McLean died 24 days after his 76th birthday, and was the last surviving member of the cabinets of U.S. Presidents James Monroe and John Quincy Adams.

140 years ago
1881


Canadiana
The second Dominion census was taken on this day, reporting that Canada had a total population of 4,324,810, of which there were 2,188,854 men and 2,135,956 women. Among professions, 498,715 were farmers, 165,706 labourers, 40,518 carpenters and joiners, 28,981 commercial clerks, and 22,905 fishermen. About 2,548,000 people were of English descent and 1,299,000 of French descent.

125 years ago
1896


Born on this date
Robert E. Sherwood
. U.S. playwright and screenwriter. Mr. Sherwood was a film critic in the 1920s and an original member of the Algonquin Round Table before beginning his career as a playwright, with his plays often expressing an anti-war viewpoint. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama for Idiot's Delight (1936); Abe Lincoln in Illinois (1939); and There Shall Be No Night (1940). Mr. Sherwood began writing screenplays, often uncredited, in 1926; he won an Academy Award for The Best Years of Our Lives (1946). Mr. Sherwood changed his anti-war views when World War II began; he was a speechwriter for U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and was director of the Office of War Information (1943-1945), resulting in his book Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History (1948), which won the Pulitzer Prize for History or Biography. Mr. Sherwood died of a heart attack on November 14, 1955 at the age of 59.

Economics and finance
News of the Yukon's Klondike gold strike was reported Vancouver, British Columbia, the first time the news reached the outside world.

100 years ago
1921


Born on this date
Elizabeth Wilson
. U.S. actress. Miss Wilson was a character actress in plays, films, and television programs, often playing women having or seeking authority, in a career spanning almost 60 years. She won a Tony Award for her supporting performance in Sticks and Bones (1972). Miss Wilson's movies included Picnic (1955); Patterns (1956); The Birds (1963); and The Graduate (1967). Miss Wilson died on May 9, 2015 at the age of 94.

Hockey
Stanley Cup
Finals
Ottawa Senators (NHL) 2 @ Vancouver Millionaires (PCHA) 1 (Ottawa won best-of-five series 3-2)

Jack Darragh, playing his last game, scored both goals for the Senators. Clint Benedict played the entire series in goal for Ottawa. In winning the Stanley Cup for the second straight year, the Senators became the first team to win three road games in the finals. All five games of the 1921 finals were decided by one goal.

90 years ago
1931


Died on this date
André Michelin, 78
. French businessman. Mr. Michelin and his brother Édouard co-founded the Compagnie Générale des Établissements Michelin (Michelin Tyre Company) in 1888. André was granted a patent for a detachable tire in 1891. The Michelin brothers participated in auto races in the 1890s, and were inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame in 2002.

Politics and government
Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough took office as Governor General of Canada, succeeding the Earl of Willingdon.

80 years ago
1941


War
King Peter II of Yugoslavia released a royal proclamation, dated April 1, ordering the mobilization of the country's "entire military might." German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler promised Japanese Foreign Minister Yosuke Matsuoka that if Japan got into a war with the United States, Germany would declare war at once.

World events
The Iraqi government of Seyid Taha al-Hashimi was reportedly overthrown by nationalist extremists aided by military elements.

Defense
The Mexican Senate ratified the air pact with the United States, permitting reciprocal use of airfields.

Politics and government
Japanese Prime Minister Prince Fumimaro Konoye appointed Vice Admiral Tijero Toyoda as minister of commerce and industry, and Lieutenant General Teichi Suzuki as president of the planning board.

Crime
A U.S. federal grand jury in New Orleans indicted 64 Italian seamen for sabotaging their two ships.

Scandal
A U.S. federal jury convicted the American Medical Association and the Medical Society of Washington of Sherman Antitrust Act violations, but acquitted 18 individual defendants.

Agriculture
Germany and France signed an agreement for the exchange of food surpluses.

Labour
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt warned that direct federal action may be taken if the strike at the Allis-Chalmers plant in Milwaukee continued much longer. The U.S. Senate and passed to President Roosevelt a bill extending the Bituminous Coal Act, or Guffey Act, for two years from its April 26, 1941 expiration date--a move designed to speed settlement of the coal strike.

Ford Motor Company closed 34 plants on the grounds that they lacked parts.

75 years ago
1946


Radio
RCA President David Sarnoff urged the United Nations to establish an international broadcasting system.

Politics and government
Greek Archbishop Damaskinos swore in State Council President Panayotis Poulitsas and his cabinet to serve as an interim government until the Populist Party could choose its own leader.

Diplomacy
Brazilian Foreign Minister Joao Neves de Fountoura said that his country would continue friendly relations with the Argentine government of President Juan Peron.

Crime
Dr. Marcel Petiot, 49, the "Bluebeard of Paris," was convicted and sentenced to death for robbing and killing 24 people.

Defense
A U.S. Senate Military Affairs subcommittee sent President Harry Truman the draft of a bill calling for a single Department of National Defense. Mr. Truman named Clark Clifford as hs naval aide.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Senate Banking and Currency Committee approved the Wagner-Ellender-Taft bill, providing federal aid for construction of one million homes a year for the next 10 years.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Montreal 4 @ Boston 2 (Montreal led best-of-seven series 3-0)

Ken Mosdell and Dutch Hiller scored in the 3rd period to break a 2-2 tie as the Canadiens defeated the Bruins at Boston Garden.

70 years ago
1951


Died on this date
George Albert Smith, 81
. U.S. religious leader. Mr. Smith, was a direct descendant of Joseph Smith, founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. George Albert Smith was a salesman befor being appointed to the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in 1903. He became President of the Quorum in 1943, and succeeded Heber J. Grant as Mormon Church President in 1945. Mr. Smith suffered from poor eyesight, lupus erythematosus, and chronic depression and anxiety. He died on his 81st birthday, shortly after suffering a stroke, and was succeeded as President by David O. McKay.

Diplomacy
West Germany established full relations with India, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, and the Vatican.

Defense
The U.S. Senate passed a resolution approving General Dwight D. Eisenhower's appointment as supreme commander of Atlantic pact forces and urging the incorporation of West German, Spanish, Greek, and Turkish forces into the Western European defense system.

Journalism
The Iranian government ordered censorship of foreign news dispatches that "appear dangerous" to Iranian security or violated rules of decency.

Economics and finance
U.S. Treasury Secretary John Snyder told the House of Representatives Ways and Means Committee that the administration of President Harry Truman wanted only a $10-billion tax increase this fiscal year,postponing a $6-billion second-round increase to 1952.

60 years ago
1961


Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Romantica--Robertino (3rd week at #1)

On television tonight
Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond, hosted by John Newland, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Signal Received, starring Mard Eden, Terry Palmer, and Richard Gale



Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Museum Piece, starring Larry Gates, Myron McCormick, Bert Convy, and Edward Platt

Thriller, hosted by Boris Karloff, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Late Date, starring Larry Pennell, Edward Platt, and Jody Fair



Diplomacy
U.S. President John F. Kennedy and U.K. Prime Minister Harold Macmillan began a series of meetings in Washington to discuss world problems. The meetings also included U.S. Secretary of State Dean Rusk and U.K. Foreign Secretary Sir Alec Douglas-Home.

U.S. Vice President Lyndon Johnson concluded two days of observances in Dakar marking the first anniversary of Senegal’s independence. After lengthy talks with Senegalese President Mamadou Dia, Mr. Johnson pledged U.S. economic and technical assistance to Senegal.

50 years ago
1971


Politics and government
In the first test at the polls for the government of Marxist President Salvador Allende since it came to power in November 1970, Chile’s ruling coalition won 49.73% of the vote in 280 nationwide municipal elections.

Hockey
NHL
Detroit 0 @ New York 6
Toronto 3 @ Chicago 2
Montreal 2 @ Boston 7

Bob Nevin scored his 20th and 21st goals of the season, and Bruce MacGregor added his 17th and 18th to lead the Rangers over the Red Wings. Rod Gilbert scored his 30th goal of the season--prompting a standing ovation from the crowd at Madison Square Garden--and Brad Park scored his 7th. Ed Giacomin posted his league-leading 8th shutout of the season as he and teammate Gilles Villemure won the Vezina Trophy for the team allowing the fewest goals during the regular season. Don McLeod was in goal for the Red Wings. The game was the 1,687th and last in the 25-year career of Gordie Howe as a Detroit Red Wing.

Guy Trottier’s 19th goal of the season in the 2nd period held up as the winner as the Maple Leafs edged the Black Hawks at Chicago Stadium despite being outshot 27-18. Ron Ellis scored his 24th goal of the season for the Maple Leafs and Jim Dorey scored his 7th. Pit Martin scored both Black Hawk goals, finishing the season with 22. Bernie Parent won the goaltending duel over Tony Esposito.

Phil Esposito, who had scored 2 goals the previous night, added 3 more for the Bruins as they beat the Canadiens at Boston Garden to finish the season with a record 76 in 78 games. Derek Sanderson added 2 goals for the Bruins, finishing with 29 goals for the season. Ed Westfall scored his 25th and Johnny McKenzie his 31st to round out the Boston scoring. Yvan Cournoyer scored his 37th goal of the season for the Canadiens and Pete Mahovlich added his 35th. The Bruins fired 44 shots at Phil Myre, who was playing his first game in goal for Montreal in almost a month. The Canadiens had 37 shots against Gerry Cheevers.

Baseball
Pinch hitter Garry Jestadt drew a base on balls with 2 out and nobody on base in the bottom of the 12th inning, stole second base, and scored on a single by Johnny Callison to give the Chicago Cubs a 5-4 win over the Chicago White Sox before 4,158 fans at Scottsdale Stadium in Scottsdale, Arizona, winning the annual exhibition city series between the teams 2 games to 1. Mr. Callison's hit, off losing pitcher Wilbur Wood, was his third of the game. Bill Bonham, a non-roster rookie, pitched 3 scoreless innings to get the win for the Cubs, who trailed 4-0 after 6½ innings. It was the final spring traing game for both clubs.



40 years ago
1981


Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Gioca Jouer--Claudio Cecchetto

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Shaddap You Face--Joe Dolce Musical Theatre

#1 single in Ireland: This Ole House--Shakin' Stevens

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): This Ole House--Shakin' Stevens (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): This Ole House--Shakin' Stevens (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 In the Air Tonight--Phil Collins (3rd week at #1)
2 Don't Stop the Music--Yarbrough & Peoples
3 Vienna--Ultravox
4 Shaddap You Face--Joe Dolce Music Theatre
5 It's a Love Thing--The Whispers
6 Stars on 45--Stars on 45
7 Ik Heb Zo Waanzinnig Gedroomd--Kinderen Voor Kinderen
8 Angel of Mine--Frank Duval & Orchestra
9 Houtochdiekop--Dingetje
10 Leila--Dolly Dots

Singles entering the chart were Het is Eeen Wonder by Linda Williams (#32); Keep on Loving You by REO Speedwagon (#34); And Love Goes On by Earth, Wind & Fire (#36); Seagull by Kayak (#37); It's My Turn by Diana Ross (#38); There's a Song by Saskia & Serge (#39); and Marionette by Maribelle (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Rapture--Blondie (2nd week at #1)
2 Woman--John Lennon
3 The Best of Times--Styx
4 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates
5 Crying--Don McLean
6 Hello Again--Neil Diamond
7 Just the Two of Us--Grover Washington, Jr.
8 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
9 While You See a Chance--Steve Winwood
10 What Kind of Fool--Barbra Streisand (Duet with Barry Gibb)

Singles entering the chart were Find Your Way Back by Jefferson Starship (#81); But You Know I Love You by Dolly Parton (#82); I Don't Need You by Rupert Holmes (#84); Super Trouper by ABBA (#88); and Playing with Lightning by Shot in the Dark (#90).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Rapture--Blondie (2nd week at #1)
2 Woman--John Lennon
3 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
4 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
5 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates
6 The Best of Times--Styx
7 Morning Train (Nine to Five)--Sheena Easton
8 Crying--Don McLean
9 Just the Two of Us--Grover Washington, Jr.
10 What Kind of Fool--Barbra Streisand (Duet with Barry Gibb)

Singles entering the chart were Find Your Way Back by Jefferson Starship (#76); Memories by Tierra (#83); I Don’t Need You by Rupert Holmes (#85); But You Know I Love You by Dolly Parton (#87); That Didn’t Hurt Too Bad by Dr. Hook (#88); Super Trouper by Abba (#90); and Let Me Love You Goodbye by Bobby Vinton (#97).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Rapture--Blondie
2 Woman--John Lennon
3 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
4 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
5 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates
6 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
7 The Best of Times--Styx
8 Morning Train (Nine to Five)--Sheena Easton
9 Just the Two of Us--Grover Washington, Jr.
10 Crying--Don McLean

Singles entering the chart were Find Your Way Back by Jefferson Starship (#81); Jessie's Girl by Rick Springfield (#82); Blessed are the Believers by Anne Murray (#83); I Loved 'em Every One by T.G. Sheppard (#84); Memories by Tierra (#85); I Don't Need You by Rupert Holmes (#88); Super Trouper by ABBA (#92); Magic Man by Robert Winters and Fall (#93); and When Love Calls by Atlantic Starr (#95).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 Celebration--Kool & the Gang (2nd week at #1)
2 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
3 Rapture--Blondie
4 Woman--John Lennon
5 Wasn’t That a Party--The Rovers
6 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
7 Crying--Don McLean
8 A Little in Love--Cliff Richard
9 The Best of Times--Styx
10 Turn Me Loose--Loverboy

Singles entering the chart were You Better You Bet by the Who (#42); Her Town Too by James Taylor and J.D. Souther (#47); and Somebody’s Knockin’ by Terri Gibbs (#48).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 While You See a Chance--Steve Winwood
2 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates
3 Morning Train (Nine to Five)--Sheena Easton
4 Rapture--Blondie
5 Woman--John Lennon
6 Somebody's Knockin'--Terri Gibbs
7 You Better You Bet--The Who
8 Angel of the Morning--Juice Newton
9 The Best of Times--Styx
10 A Little in Love--Cliff Richard

Singles entering the chart were Time Out of Mind by Steely Dan (#17); If I was a Dancer by the Rolling Stones (#23); and Take it on the Run by REO Speedwagon (#25).

War
The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force mounted an attack on H-3 Airbase in western Iraq and destroyed about 50 Iraqi Air Force planes.

Politics and government
Henry Cisneros took office as Mayor of San Antonio, becming the first Hispanic mayor of a major U.S. city.

Disasters
A tornado struck West Bend, Wisconsin, killing 6, injuring 100, and causing $15 million in damages.

Hockey
NHL
Winnipeg 2 @ Edmonton 7

Edmonton centre Wayne Gretzky scored 5 points to set a record for points per game average in one season; he also reached the 300 career point plateau faster than any player in NHL history.

30 years ago
1991


Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Deep Deep Trouble--The Simpsons

Died on this date
John Heinz, 52
. U.S. Senator. Senator Heinz (Republican--Pennsylvania), heir to the H.J. Heinz food company fortune, was one of five people killed when a chartered plane and a helicopter collided above a suburb of Philadelphia. Two children on the ground were also killed by falling wreckage. Mr. Heinz had been in the Senate since 1977.

Asiatica
During the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress, the current flag of Hong Kong was adopted for post-colonial Hong Kong.

Scandal
Wiliam Kennedy Smith, 30, a nephew of U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy, was identified by police as the suspect in a reported rape on March 30 at the Kennedy family estate in Palm Beach, Florida.

Protest
Thousands of workers in Minsk, the capital of Byelorussia, went on strike, protesting price increases and demanding the removal from office of Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev.

Crime
Nine children who had been removed from their homes in the Orkney Islands off Scotland because of allegations that they were victims of satanic ritual abuse were reunited with their families after the case was thrown out of court.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Division Semi-Finals
Minnesota 4 @ Chicago 3 (OT) (Minnesota led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Detroit 6 @ St. Louis 3 (Detroit led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Edmonton 3 @ Calgary 1 (Edmonton led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Vancouver 6 @ Los Angeles 5 (Vancouver led best-of-seven series 1-0)

25 years ago
1996


Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Firestarter--The Prodigy (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Spaceman--Babylon Zoo (10th week at #1)

Died on this date
Barney Ewell, 78
. U.S. athlete. Mr. Ewell was a long jumper, but was best known as one of the world's best sprinters in the 1940s, winning numerous championships while at Pennsylvania State University from 1940-1942. He interrupted his athletic and academic career to serve in the military in World War II, but returned to Penn State after the war to finish his education and resume his athletic career. Mr. Ewell won silver medals--barely falling short of gold medals--in the men's 100 and 200 metre runs, and was a member of the gold medal-winning American team in the 4 x 100 metre relay at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. He competed professionally in Australia and New Zealand in the early 1950s and eventually returned to Pennsylvania.

Space
Comet Hyakutake was imaged by the U.S. Asteroid Orbiter Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous.

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 3 @ St. Louis 1

20 years ago
2001


Died on this date
Maury Van Vliet, 87
. U.S.-born Canadian academic. Dr. Van Vliet was educated in the United States, but went to Canada, serving as director of physical education at the University of British Columbia (1935-1945) and moving on to the University of Alberta, where he was Head (1945-1954), Director (1954-1964), and Dean (1964-1975) of Physical Education. He was the president and chief executive officer of the organizing committee of the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton, and was inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame in 1997.

Literature
Mavis Gallant was awarded the inaugural Matt Cohen Award for a lifetime of distinguished Canadian literary work.

Diplomacy
U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell expressed regret for the loss of Chinese pilot Wang Wei in a collision on April 1 between his fighter plane and a U.S. Navy spy plane, and wrote Chinese officials proposing a settlement, but Chinese President Jiang Zemin still demanded a full apology. The plane and its 24-man crew were being held by Chinese authorities.

Politics and government
Silvia Cartwright took office as Governor-General of New Zealand, succeeding Peter Trapski.

Scandal
Former Philippines President Joseph Estrada, who had been ousted in January in a popular uprising, was indicted on charges that he had accepted $82 million in bribes and kickbacks. His wife and son were also indicted.

Disasters
Sudan’s deputy defense minister and 13 other high-ranking military officers were killed when their plane crashed while taking off in southern Sudan.

Baseball
Hideo Nomo (1-0) pitched a no-hitter in his first appearance for Boston as the Red Sox blanked the Baltimore Orioles 3-0 before 35,602 fans at Oriole Park at Camden Yards. Brian Daubach drove in all the runs with his first 2 home runs of the season. Mr. Nomo had pitched a no-hitter with the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1996.



Carlos Delgado hit 3 home runs and drove in 4 runs to lead the Toronto Blue Jays to an 11-8 win over the Tampa Bay Devil Rays before 10,566 fans at Tropicana Field in St. Petersburg.

10 years ago
2011


Terrorism
Yielding to political opposition, the U.S. administration of President Barack Obama gave up on trying Khalid Sheik Mohammed--alleged mastermind of the September 11, 2001 attacks on New York City--and four alleged co-conspirators in civilian federal courts, and said it would prosecute them instead before military commissions.

Friday, 2 April 2021

April 3, 2021

1,220 years ago
801


War
King Louis the Pious captured Barcelona from the Moors after a siege of several months.

330 years ago
1691


Died on this date
Jean Petitot, 83
. Swiss artist. Mr. Petitot was an enamel portrait painter who spent most of his career working for the courts of France and England.

170 years ago
1851


Society
U.S. abolitionist Frederick Douglass addressed a cheering crowd of 1,200 in the St. Lawrence Market's grand ballroom in Toronto.

140 years ago
1881


Born on this date
Alcide De Gasperi
. Prime Minister of Italy, 1945-1953. Mr. De Gasperi, one of the founders of the Italian People's Party and founder of the Christian Democracy Party, held various cabinet posts before becoming Prime Minister, where his eight years in office set a remarkable standard for postwar Italian politics. Mr. De Gaspari was regarded as one of the founding fathers of the European Union. He died on August 19, 1954 at the age of 73, two months after resigning as leader of the Christian Democrats.

120 years ago
1901


Died on this date
Richard D'Oyly Carte, 56
. U.K. impresario and hotelier. Mr. Carte wrote songs, but was best known for founding the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, which staged the comic operas of W.S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan in the Savoy Theatre, which Mr. Carte built. He also built the Savoy Hotel and acquired other hotels, helping to make the business respectable. Mr. Carte died of dropsy and heart disease, a month before his 57th birthday.

110 years ago
1911


Born on this date
Nanette Bordeaux
. Canadian-born U.S. actress. Miss Bordeaux, born Hélène Olivine Veilleux in Saint-Georges, Quebec, moved with her family to New York City in the 1930s. She acted under the name Francine Bordeaux before adopting her final name, and appeared in 22 movies from 1938-1957. Miss Bordeaux was best known for playing characters named "Fifi" in Three Stooges short films. She died from acute bronchopneumonia on September 20, 1956 at the age of 45.

Stella Walsh. Polish-born U.S. athlete. "Miss" Walsh, born Stanisława Walasiewicz, moved to the United States with "her" parents at the age of 3, but wasn't an American citizen, and was therefore ineligible to compete for the United States in the Olympics. "She" won the gold medal for Poland in the women’s 100-metre dash at the 1932 Summer Olympics at Los Angeles and the silver medal in the same event in the Summer Olympics at Berlin in 1936. "She" eventually settled in the United States, and was shot to death at the age of 69 on December 4, 1980 during a robbery attempt at a discount store in Cleveland, after which an autopsy proved that "Miss" Walsh, who had male and female chromosomes, was in fact a man.

100 years ago
1921


Born on this date
Robert Karvelas
. U.S. actor. Mr. Karvelas was best known for playing Larrabee in the television comedy series Get Smart (1965-1970); he was the cousin of Get Smart star Don Adams. Mr. Karvelas died on December 5, 1991 at the age of 70.

Jan Sterling. U.S. actress. Miss Sterling was nominated for an Academy Award for her supporting performance in The High and the Mighty (1954). Her other movies included Johnny Belinda (1948) and Ace in the Hole (1951). Miss Sterling died on March 26, 2004, eight days before her 83rd birthday.

90 years ago
1931


Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Montreal Canadiens 2 @ Chicago 1 (Montreal led best-of-five series 1-0)

Pit Lepine's goal at 2:20 of the 3rd period gave the Canadiens a 2-0 lead and proved to be the winner as they held on to edge the Black Hawks at Chicago Stadium. Vic Ripley scored the Chicago goal at 8:20 of the 3rd period.

80 years ago
1941


Died on this date
Pál Teleki, 61
. Prime Minister of Hungary, 1920-1921, 1939-1941. Count Teleki held various cabinet posts in addition to the office of Prime Minister. During his second term as Prime Minister, he attempted to maintain Hungarian autonomy and non-alignment at the beginning of World War II, but committed suicide after hearing that German troops were marching through Hungary on their way in to Yugoslavia. Count Teleki signed many anti-Jewish laws, and thus remains a controversial figure.

War
British troops evacuated Bengazi, Libya before advancing German and Italian forces commanded by Erwin Rommel. British Royal Air Force bombers attacked the German battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau at Brest, France. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill sent a message to Soviet dictator Josef Stalin warning that Germany was preparing an invasion of Russia. U.S. Senator Burton K. Wheeler (Democrat--Montana) named 10 Senators and Representatives to the executive committee of a congressional group of 75 members who intended to campaign against U.S. entry into the European war.

Diplomacy
U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull again rejected German and Italian protests against the American seizure of 69 German, Italian, and Danish ships, and asked Italy to recall the Italian naval attache in Washington because of his connection with the sabotage of Italian ships in American waters.

Defense
All 11 first-string players of the Boston University football team volunteered for service in the U.S. Naval Air Corps.

Crime
Gabriel Avila Camacho, brother of Mexican President Manuel Avila Camacho, was arrested in Mexico City on a charge of shooting and killing Manuel Cacho in a political argument.

Academia
The New York state legislature approved a $247,000 appropriation for the expenses of the Rapp-Coudert joint legislative committee investigating subversive activities in the schools.

Health
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced that a heatless permanent hair-waving preparation known as the Willat method contained the poison ammonium hydrogen sulfide; all stocks were ordered to be seized.

Labour
U.S. Federal Judge Arthur Tuttle issued an injunction restraining Congress of Industrial Organizations United Auto Workers from barring non-strikers from Ford Motor Company's plant in River Rouge, Michigan.

The Texas Senate passed and sent to Governor W.L. O'Daniel a bill making it a felony for any person to engage in violence during a strike or to try to stop any employee from going to work.

75 years ago
1946


Died on this date
Thomas Dixon, Jr., 82
U.S. author. Mr. Dixon, this blogger's favourite politically-incorrect novelist was born in Shelby, North Carolina. A brilliant student, he was an actor, lawyer, politician, and clergyman before becoming a novelist. A theatrical production of Uncle Tom's Cabin enraged Mr. Dixon, so he determined to set the record straight regarding the American South and Reconstruction. He presented his perspective on the South and racial issues in the novels The Leopard's Spots (1902); The Clansman (1905); The Traitor (1907); The Sins of the Father (1912); The Black Hood (1924); and The Flaming Sword (1939). The Leopard's Spots and The Clansman were the inspiration for the movie The Birth of a Nation (1915), while The Flaming Sword was prophetic of the racial upheavals of the 1960s and beyond. Mr. Dixon also wrote novels critical of socialism, including The One Woman (1903); Comrades (1909); and The Root of Evil (1911). Go here and scroll down to Mr. Dixon's name for free downloads of some of his novels. I particularly recommend Comrades--which has a similar story line to George Orwell's Animal Farm, but is much funnier--and The Clansman, which may be the most politically incorrect novel ever written.

Masaharu Homma, 58. Lieutenant General Homma was Japanese commander in the Philippines early in 1942; he was held responsible for the actions of men under his command during the Bataan Death March in 1942, and was executed by firing squad near Manila.

Defense
Soviet delegate to the United Nations Andrei Gromyko claimed that the U.S.S.R. had negotiatied a withdrawal of Soviet troops from Iran; the claim was denied by Iran.

Diplomacy
The Argentine government said that it would approve George Messersmith as the U.S. Ambassador to Argentina.

Politics and government
Discussions between French officials and Vietnamese nationalists began in Dalat on the status of Vietnam within the French union.

Transportation
Canada agreed to acquire the Canadian section of the Alaska Highway, including telephone systems, buildings and other assets, for $108 million (1,221 miles at $88,000 a mile). The 2,450-kilometre-long highway originally cost US$140 million to build, as a wartime supply route in case of Japanese invasion of North America.

Labour
Two railroad arbitration boards in Chicago granted a 16c hourly wage increase to 1.22 million railroad employees.

70 years ago
1951


On television tonight
Suspense, on CBS
Tonight’s episode: Go Home Dead Man, starring Jackie Cooper, Maria Riva, and Barry Macollum



Died on this date
Henrik Visnapuu, 61
. Estonian writer. Mr. Visnapuu was one of the most important Estonian poets of the 1920s and '30s, and was a member of the expressionistic and neo-romantic literary group "Siuru." He was also a playwright and journalist, and was culture secretary in the department of the Information Agency of the Estonian state (1935-1944). With Soviet invasion of Estonia looming, Mr. Visnapuu fled to Germany in 1944, and moved to the United States in 1949. He died of a heart attack.

Theatre
The New York Drama Critics Circle Awards for 1950-1951 were announced. Darkness at Noon was named Best American Play, with Billy Budd the Runner-up. The Lady's Not for Burning was named Best Foreign Play, and Guys and Dolls the Best Musical.

Oil
Iraq announced that the Iraq Petroleum Company, owned by an Anglo-American consortium, had agreed to pay higher royalties to protect its drilling concessions.

Economics and finance
A British White Paper on the country's economy said that Britons faced the "unhappy prospect" of more "harsh and unpleasant" austerity during the next three years due to the £4.7-billion rearmament program.

60 years ago
1961


Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Quince Años Tiene Mi Amor--Dúo Dinámico (4th week at #1)

#1 single in France (IFOP): Non, je ne regrette rien--Édith Piaf (12th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Blue Moon--The Marcels
2 Apache--Jorgen Ingmann and his Guitar
3 Surrender--Elvis Presley
4 Pony Time--Chubby Checker
5 Dedicated to the One I Love--The Shirelles
6 Don't Worry--Marty Robbins
7 On the Rebound--Floyd Cramer
8 Walk Right Back--The Everly Brothers
9 Runaway--Del Shannon
10 But I Do--Clarence "Frogman" Henry

Singles entering the chart were Welcome Home by Sammy Kaye and his Orchestra (#72); The Continental Walk by Hank Ballard and the Midnighters (#73); Trees by the Platters (#82); What'd I Say by Jerry Lee Lewis and his Pumping Piano (#89); Theme from The Great Imposter by Henry Mancini and his Orchestra (#90); Underwater by the Frogmen (#93); A Scottish Soldier (Green Hills of Tyrol) by Andy Stewart (#94); Bonanza by Al Caiola and his Orchestra (#97); California Sun by Joe Jones (#98); The Next Kiss (Is the Last Goodbye) by Conway Twitty (#99); and Sweet Little Kathy by Ray Peterson (#100).

War
By a vote of 51-10 with 22 abstentions, the United Nations General Assembly granted Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold emergency authority to pay for UN military operations in the Congo for three weeks at the rate of $8 million per month pending adoption of a permanent financing plan.

Diplomacy
The U.S. State Department published a 36-page pamphlet charging that the Cuban regime of Premier Fidel Castro "is steadily and purposefully directed toward a single goal--the transformation of Cuba into a Soviet satellite state." The pamphlet, intended to influence opinion in Latin America, was written in the White House under the personal supervision of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, and was translated into Spanish and Portuguese for wide circulation throughout the hemisphere.

U.S. Vice President Lyndon Johnson represented President John F. Kennedy at ceremonies in Dakar marking the first anniversary of Senegal’s independence from France.

50 years ago
1971


Hit parade
#1 single in Rhodesia (Lyons Maid): Have You Ever Seen the Rain--Creedence Clearwater Revival

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Il cuore e' uno zingaro--Nicola Di Bari (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Hot Love--T. Rex

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Hot Love--T. Rex (3rd week at #1)

Australia's Top 10 (Go-Set)
1 The Pushbike Song--The Mixtures (2nd week at #1)
2 My Sweet Lord--George Harrison
3 Knock Three Times--Dawn
4 Eleanor Rigby--Zoot
5 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
6 Have You Ever Seen the Rain/Hey Tonight--Creedence Clearwater Revival
7 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds
8 I'll Be Gone--Spectrum
9 Band of Gold--Freda Payne
10 Apeman--The Kinks

Singles entering the chart were Mr. Bojangles by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band (#32); Angel Baby by Dusk (#37); Fresh as a Daisy by Emitt Rhodes (#43); Me and Bobby McGee by Janis Joplin (#55); and All Right Now by Free (#59).

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Du--Peter Maffray (4th week at #1)
2 Mozart - First Movement Symphony No. 40--Waldo De Los Rios
3 Chirpy Chirpy Cheep Cheep--Middle of the Road
4 What is Life--George Harrison
5 Butterfly--Danyel Gerard
6 Another Day--Paul McCartney
7 True Love that's a Wonder--Sandy Coast
8 There's No More Corn on the Brasos--The Walkers
9 Waarheen, Waarvoor...--Mieke Telkamp en De Hi-Five
10 Invitation--Earth and Fire

Singles entering the chart were Dirlada by Polis (#25); Funny, Funny by the Sweet (#27); The Heart of a Woman by Casey and the Pressure Group (#29); Soldiers Prayer by Oscar Harris and The Twinkle Stars (#32); My Little One by the Marmalade (#34); and Mit der Troika in die Grosse Stadt by Ivan Rebroff (#39).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)--The Temptations
2 Me and Bobby McGee--Janis Joplin
3 For All We Know--Carpenters
4 She's a Lady--Tom Jones
5 What's Going On--Marvin Gaye
6 Proud Mary--Ike & Tina Turner
7 Doesn't Somebody Want to Be Wanted--The Partridge Family
8 Help Me Make it Through the Night--Sammi Smith
9 (Where Do I Begin) Love Story--Andy Williams
10 Another Day/Oh Woman, Oh Why--Paul McCartney

Singles entering the chart were Never Can Say Goodbye by the Jackson 5 (#57); Power to the People by John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band (#73); 13 Questions by Seatrain (#76); Toast and Marmalade for Tea by Tin Tin (#80); Right on the Tip of My Tongue by Brenda and the Tabulations (#81); Me and You and a Dog Named Boo by Lobo (#82); Oh, Singer by Jeannie C. Riley (#96); Stop! in the Name of Love by Margie Joseph (#97); Freedom by Jimi Hendrix (#99); and I was Wondering by the Poppy Family (#100).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Doesn’t Somebody Want to Be Wanted--The Partridge Family
2 She’s a Lady--Tom Jones
3 Just My Imagination (Running Away With Me)--The Temptations
4 Me and Bobby McGee--Janis Joplin
5 Proud Mary--Ike and Tina Turner
6 What’s Going On--Marvin Gaye
7 For All We Know--Carpenters
8 What is Life--George Harrison
9 Another Day--Paul McCartney
10 Oye Como Va--Santana

Singles entering the chart were Never Can Say Goodbye by the Jackson 5 (#29); Power to the People by John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band (#58); Love Her Madly by the Doors (#79); Toast and Marmalade for Tea by Tin Tin (#82); Right on the Tip of My Tongue by Brenda and the Tabulations (#87); Lucky Man by Emerson, Lake & Palmer (#93); I was Wondering by the Poppy Family (#95); The Animal Trainer and the Toad by Mountain (#96); Love Makes the World Go Round by Kiki Dee (#97); and You and Your Folks, Me and My Folks by Funkadelic (#99).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Doesn't Somebody Want to Be Wanted--The Partridge Family
2 She's a Lady--Tom Jones
3 Me and Bobby McGee--Janis Joplin
4 For All We Know--Carpenters
5 Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)--The Temptations
6 Proud Mary--Ike & Tina Turner
7 (Where Do I Begin) Love Story--Andy Williams
8 Help Me Make it Through the Night--Sammi Smith
9 What’s Going On--Marvin Gaye
10 What is Life/Apple Scruffs--George Harrison

Singles entering the chart were Never Can Say Goodbye by the Jackson 5 (#59); Love Her Madly by the Doors (#70); 13 Questions by Seatrain (#88); Warpath by the Isley Brothers (#89); I was Wondering by the Poppy Family (#91); Chirpy, Chirpy, Cheep, Cheep by Lally Stott (#93); Skyscraper Commando by Elephants Memory (#95); Layla by Derek and the Dominoes (#96); and Oh, Singer by Jeannie C. Riley (#99).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 She’s a Lady--Tom Jones
2 Stay Awhile--The Bells
3 Doesn’t Somebody Want to Be Wanted--The Partridge Family
4 What is Life--George Harrison
5 Carry Me--Stampeders
6 Me and Bobby McGee--Janis Joplin
7 For All We Know--Carpenters
8 Oye Como Va--Santana
9 (Where Do I Begin) Love Story--Andy Williams
10 Cried Like a Baby--Bobby Sherman

Singles entering the chart were Celia of the Seals by Donovan (#57); Chick-A-Boom by Big Gee (#71); The Way I Feel by Fotheringay (#91); Lucky Man by Emerson, Lake & Palmer (#93); Bird on a Wire by Joe Cocker (#94); Freedom Train by The Trials of Jayson Hoover (#96); Sweet and Innocent by Donny Osmond (#97); One Step by David Wiffen (#98); Me and My Arrow by Nilsson (#99); and So Let Our Love Begin by Ginette Reno (#100).

Calgary's Top 10 (Glenn's Music)
1 Where Evil Grows--The Poppy Family (2nd week at #1)
2 Have You Ever Seen the Rain--Creedence Clearwater Revival
3 What is Life--George Harrison
4 Put Your Hand in the Hand--Ocean
5 She’s a Lady--Tom Jones
6 Joy to the World--Three Dog Night
7 Woodstock--Matthews' Southern Comfort
8 One Toke Over the Line--Brewer and Shipley
9 Temptation Eyes--The Grass Roots
10 Another Day--Paul McCartney
Pick hit of the Week: Jodie--Joey Gregorash

Died on this date
Joseph Valachi, 66
. U.S. gangster. Mr. Valachi began his criminal career in New York City as a teenage member of a gang called the Minutemen. He joined the Mafia in 1930, and eventually became a member of what became the Genovese family. Mr. Valachi was convicted of drug trafficking in 1959; he was sentenced to 15 years in prison, and in 1962, while in prison together with Vito Genovese, murdered a fellow inmate whom he suspected had been sent by Mr. Genovese to murder him. Mr. Valachi then decided to become a government witness, and in October 1963 testified before the U.S. Senate Committee on Government Operations Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. He became the first member of the Italian-American Mafia to publicly acknowledge its existence, and was credited with popularizing the term cosa nostra. His disclosures didn't lead to the arrest of any Mafia leaders, but he named names and provided details of the Mafia's history, operations, and rituals, and he aided in the solution of several unsolved murders. Mr. Valachi's unpublished memoirs served as the basis for the book The Valachi Papers (1968) by Peter Maas, which was made into a movie in 1972. Mr. Valachi died of a heart attack in prison.

War
American combat deaths in Vietnam for the past week totalled 88, the highest total in nine months. Of these, 33 had died in a North Vietnamese attack on an artillery base in the northern part of the province of Quangtin. The weekly total of U.S. wounded dropped to 347. For the same period, South Vietnam lost 523 dead and 1,178 wounded, both down from the previous week. The number of South Vietnamese and Viet Cong dead for the week dropped to 3,687.

Hockey
IIHF World Championships @ Geneva
Group A
C.S.S.R. (7-2-1) 4 Finland (4-5-1) 2
U.S.S.R. (8-1-1) 6 Sweden (5-4-1) 3

Six different players scored for the U.S.S.R. as they defeated the Swedes and clinched its ninth consecutive world championship.

NHL
Chicago 4 @ Detroit 1
New York 2 @ Montreal 7
Boston 8 @ Toronto 3

Dennis Hull scored his 39th and 40th goals of the season to lead the Black Hawks over the Red Wings. Danny O’Shea added his 13th goal of the season and Stan Mikita his 24th for Chicago. Gordie Howe scored his 23rd goal of the season and the 786th and last of his 25-year career with Detroit. It was Mr. Hockey’s last game as a Red Wing at Olympia Stadium. Tony Esposito won the goaltending duel over Jim Rutherford.

Bobby Sheehan scored 3 goals for the Canadiens, giving him 6 for the season, in their win over the Rangers at the Montreal Forum. Frank Mahovlich scored his 31st, Guy Lapointe his 15th, Jean Beliveau his 25th (and 507th career goal), and Yvan Cournoyer his 36th for Montreal. Ted Irvine scored his 20th goal of the season for the Rangers and Vic Hadfield added his 22nd. Ken Dryden stopped 41 shots to earn his 6th win in as many games for the Canadiens, while Gilles Villemure stopped just 28 of 35 shots in taking the loss. The game was the Quebec telecast of Hockey Night in Canada.

In the national Hockey Night in Canada telecast, former Maple Leaf Wayne Carleton scored 3 goals, giving him 22 for the season, to help the Bruins beat the Maple Leafs at Maple Leaf Gardens. Phil Esposito added to his single-season record with his 72nd and 73rd, while Johnny Bucyk scored his 51st, Fred Stanfield his 24th, and Ken Hodge his 43rd for Boston. Darryl Sittler scored his 10th for Toronto and Billy Macmillan his 22nd. Ed Johnston was in goal for the Bruins, Bernie Parent for the Maple Leafs. Toronto outshot Boston 41-40.

40 years ago
1981


Hit parade #1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): När vi två blir en--Gyllene Tider (17th week at #1)

#1 single in France (IFOP): Stop the Cavalry--Jona Lewie (2nd week at #1)

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Shaddap You Face--Joe Dolce Music Theatre (5th week at #1)
2 Give Me Back My Love--Maywood
3 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
4 De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da--The Police
5 Spend the Night in Love--The Four Seasons
6 Never Knew Love Like This Before--Stephanie Mills
7 Lady--Kenny Rogers
8 Gypsy Girl--David Scobie
9 I am the Beat--Look
10 Fashion--David Bowie

Singles entering the chart were It's My Turn by Diana Ross (#18); and Here is My Love by Tommy Dee (#20).

Died on this date
Juan Trippe, 81
. U.S. aviation executive. Mr. Trippe founded Pan American Airways in 1927 and served as the airline's president until 1968. He was involved with innovations such as cabin pressurization and jumbo jets. Mr. Trippe died shortly after suffering a stroke.

World events
Two days after a military coup had deposed the Thai government of Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda, the rebellion ended, as thousands of troops loyal to Prem moved into Bangkok. Coup leader General Sant Chitpatima escaped by helicopter. Prem promised leniency for the rebels.

Defense
The U.S. State Department issued a warning that any unjustified military action against Poland would not be tolerated.

Technology
The Osborne 1, the first successful portable computer, was unveiled at the West Coast Computer Faire in San Francisco.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Labor Department’s Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the unemployment rate in March was at 7.3%, the same level as in February. The total number of unemployed people was 7,764,000, which was taken as a sign that the U.S. economy was reasonably strong. The Bureau also reported that the Producer Price Index had risen 1.3% in March, making the total year’s increase 16.8%, mainly resulting from a rise in prices for oil products.

30 years ago
1991


Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Joyride--Roxette (4th week at #1)

On television tonight
The Wonder Years, on ABC
Tonight’s episode: Separate Rooms

Died on this date
Charles Goren, 90
. U.S. bridge player and author. Mr. Goren was a leading bridge player from the 1920s through the 1950s, and became famous as the leading expert on the game, writing several bestselling books and a widely-syndicated newspaper column. He died 30 days after his 90th birthday.

Graham Greene, 86. U.K. author. Mr. Greene was known for novels and screenplays reflecting a serious Roman Catholic perspective, and often involving international intrigue. His works included Brighton Rock (1938); The Confidential Agent (1939); The Ministry of Fear (1943); The Fallen Idol (1948); The Third Man (1949); The End of the Affair (1951); and The Quiet American (1955).

War
U.S. President George Bush said that the coalition that had won the Persian Gulf war "did not go there to settle all the internal affairs of Iraq." The United Nations Security Council approved a resolution establishing a permanent cease-fire in the Persian Gulf war that would require Iraq to destroy all its chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons; destroy all but its short-term missiles; and renounce international terrorism.

Business
Montreal-based Redpath Industries announced plans to market the new product Sucralose, a potential rival to Nutrasweet; unlike the latter, Sucralose didn't break down at high temperatures in baking.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Division Semi-Finals
Buffalo 5 @ Montreal 7 (Montreal led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Hartford 5 @ Boston 2 (Hartford led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Washington 1 @ New York Rangers 2 (New York led best-of-seven series 1-0)
New Jersey 3 @ Pittsburgh 1 (New Jersey led best-of-seven series 1-0)

25 years ago
1996


Died on this date
Ron Brown, 54
. U.S. politician. Mr. Brown was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1989-1993, when he became Secretary of Commerce in the administrtion of President Bill Clinton. Mr. Brown was under investigation by an independent counsel for corruption and had reportedly admitted to Mr. Clinton that the case against him was strong, when he was conveniently killed, with 34 others, in the crash of a United States Air Force jet in Croatia.

Crime
Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski, suspected of killing 2 people and injuring 23 others, was captured at his cabin in Montana, United States.

World events
The United States accused Libya of building underground facilities for the manufacture of chemical weapons; Libya claimed to be building a water irrigation system.

Scandal
Members of the Canadian Armed Forces were ordered to spend the entire day searching for documents that may aid the inquiry into the beating death several years earlier of a Somali teenager at the Canadian compound in that country.

Disasters
A United States Air Force airplane carrying U.S. Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown crashed in Croatia, killing all 35 on board.

Hockey
NHL
Edmonton 0 @ Anaheim 1

Basketball
NBA
Minnesota (24-49) 103 @ Vancouver (12-60) 105

The Grizzlies outscored the Timberwolves 33-19 in the 4th quarter to overcome a 12-point deficit before 16,216 fans at Pacific Coliseum and snap a 23-game losing streak, one loss short of the record of 24 set by the Cleveland Cavaliers in 1982.

20 years ago
2001


Diplomacy
China blamed the United States for the April 1 collision between a Chinese fighter jet and a U.S. spy plane, and called for an apology as an apparent precondition for the release of the spy plane’s 24-man crew.

April 2, 2021

220 years ago
1801


War
A British fleet defeated a smaller force of the Dano-Norwegian Navy in the Battle of Copenhagen.

180 years ago
1841


Born on this date
Clément Ader
. French engineer and inventor. Mr. Ader improved on the telephone in 1878 and in 1881 invented the théâtrophone, a system of telephonic transmission where listeners received a separate channel for each ear, enabling stereophonic perception of the actors on a set; it was this invention which gave the first stereo transmission of opera performances, over a distance of 2 miles. He was best known for his prototype aircrafts, especially the Avion III, a steam-powered aircraft that failed to impress the French military when it was given a trial in 1897. Mr. Ader died on May 3, 1925 at the age of 84.

170 years ago
1851


Died on this date
Rama III, 63
. King of Siam, 1824-1851. Rama III aka Nangklao acceded to the throne upon the death his father Rama II despite being the son of a concubine rather than of a queen. The establishment of Siam's military hegemony occurred during his reign. King Rama III died two days after his 63rd birthday; he fathered 51 children but hadn't raised any of his consorts to the position of queen, and the throne passed to his half-brother Prince Mongkut, who became King Rama IV.

150 years ago
1871


Canadiana
The Dominion of Canada's first census showed a population of 3,689,257, including 2,110,000 of British origin and 1,083,000 of French origin. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia accounted for a combined total of just over 19%.

130 years ago
1891


Born on this date
Jack Buchanan
. U.K. actor. Mr. Buchanan was known for portraying debonair British gentlemen on stage and screen in a career lasting for more than three decades. He died of spinal cancer on October 20, 1957 at the age of 66.

Max Ernst. German-born painter and sculptor. Mr. Ernst was a pioneer of the Dada movement and surrealism. He spent much of his life in France, and died on April 1, 1976, the day before his 85th birthday.

Died on this date
Albert Pike, 81
. U.S. military officer and Freemason. Mr. Pike was a captain in a cavalry unit during the U.S.-Mexican War in the 1840s, and a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the U.S. Civil War (1861-1865). He was best known for his involvement with and influence within Freemasonry; his book Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry (first published in 1872) remains an influential textbook of Scottish Rite Freemasonic philosophy.

Ahmed Vefik Pasha, 67. Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, 1878, 1882. Vefik Pasha held various positions, and was Grand Vizier (Prime Minister) under Sultan Abdul Hamid II from February 4-April 18, 1878 and December 1-3, 1882.

125 years ago
1896


Born on this date
Johnny Golden
. U.S. golfer. Mr. Golden turned professional in 1915 and won 10 professional tournaments, including the Connecticut Open four straight years (1932-1935). He died on January 27, 1936 at the age of 39, three days after being admitted to hospital with pneumonia.

110 years ago
1911


Australiana
The Australian Bureau of Statistics conducted the first national census of the country. The total population of the Commonwealth of Australia was counted as 4,455,005 - an increase of 681,204 people (18.05%) over the 1901 "Federation" Census.

100 years ago
1921


Politics and government
The Autonomous Government of Khorasan, a military government encompassing the modern state of Iran, was established.

90 years ago
1931


Economics and finance
The Toronto Stock Exchange and Montréal Stock Exchange made joint ticker arrangements.

80 years ago
1941


War
German troops massed along the Romanian and Hungarian borders with Yugoslavia, while Yugoslavia rejected Italian Duce Benito Mussolini's offer to mediate its border dispute with Germany. The Peruvian Navy announced that German freighters that had fled Peru on March 31 had been found aflame and sinking several hundred miles off the coast. Mexican marines seized 10 German ships at Tampico to prevent their scuttling. Noted British scientists Sir Lawrence Bragg and Charles Darwin arrived in Ottawa to do war research.

Diplomacy
Pope Pius XII received Japanese Foreign Minister Yosuke Matsuoka at the Vatican in a conference lasting over an hour. The German and Italian embassies in the United States protested for the second time to the U.S. State Department over the seizure of their merchant ships.

Defense
U.K. Commanding Officer in East Asia Air Chief Marshal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham arrived in Manila to confer with U.S. Navy Admiral Thomas Hart and U.S. Army Major General Douglas MacArthur on defense plans for the Philippines. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt ordered the Navy to prepare secret Hemispheric Defense Plan No. 1, calling for aggressive action by U.S. warships against German submarines in the western Atlantic Ocean. The U.S. House of Representatives voted 324-1 in favour of a resolution authorizing its Military and Naval Affairs Committee to investigate the progress of the defense program, including the effects of labour strikes.

Politics and government
The Chinese government of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek named Kuo Tai-chi as Foreign Minister, replacing Wang Chung-hui, who became Secretary General of the Supreme National Defense Council.

Labour
200 Congress of Industrial Organizations United Auto Workers strikers and non-strikers were injured in clashes at Ford Motor Company's River Rouge plant, and Michigan state police were ordered to the scene. Ford personnel director Harry Bennett wired U.S. President Roosevelt, describing the incident as "a Communistic demonstration of violent terrorism." U.S. Labor Secretary Frances Perkins sent the 71-day Allis-Chalmers strike in Milwaukee to the National Defense Mediation Board. United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis said that he would oppose any move to submit the coal strike to the NDMB. Four striking miners were shot to death in a coal company commissary near Harlan, Kentucky.

75 years ago
1946


War
At the Nuremberg trials of accused Nazi war criminals, former German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop admitted supporting Fuehrer Adolf Hitler's repressive policies against Jews, but said that he did so in order not to upset the Fuehrer.

Defense
The U.S. Senate Atomic Energy Committee approved the revised Vandenberg amendment, calling for a military committee appointed by the Navy and War secretaries which would have jurisdiction over military applications of atomic energy.

Medicine
Dr. John Enders reported isolation of the virus that caused mumps, making serums and vaccines possible.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Boston 2 @ Montreal 3 (OT) (Montreal led best-of-seven series 2-0)

Jim Peters scored 16:55 into the 1st overtime period to give the Canadiens their second straight overtime win over the Bruins at the Montreal Forum.

70 years ago
1951


On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Mad Dullaghan, starring Glenn Langan, Stella Andrew, Berry Kroeger, and Doris Rich



Abominations
Communist Chinese press confirmed reports of mass executions of "counter-revolutionary" elements in Peking, Shanghai, Canton, Tientsin, Chungking, and other cities.

Energy
U.S. President Harry Truman asked Congress for an additional $51.3 million for the Atomic Energy Commission to build "urgent production and research facilities."

Economics and finance
The Western Allies lifted production curbs on the West German shipping, synthetic oil, and machine tool industries.

Labour
40,000 Congress of Industrial Organizations Textile Workers Union members struck throughout the southern United States for a 12c hourly increase in their minimum wage.

U.S. Senate Labor Committee Chairman James Murray (Democrat--Montana) established a subcommittee to study proposals for a code of ethics for government employees.

60 years ago
1961


Disasters
30 of 80 people aboard a motor launch drowned when it capsized in Shatt-al-Arab River in Iran.

Basketball
NBA
Finals
St. Louis 95 @ Boston 129 (Boston led best-of-seven series 1-0)

Tom Heinsohn scored 26 points and grabbed 15 rebounds and Bill Russell scored 15 points and grabbed 31 rebounds to help the Celtics beat the Hawks before 11,531 fans at Boston Garden.

50 years ago
1971


Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): (I Never Promised You a) Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson (2nd week at #1)

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 A Summer Prayer for Peace--The Archies
2 Knock Three Times--Dawn
3 Have You Ever Seen the Rain--Creedence Clearwater Revival
4 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
5 My Sweet Lord--George Harrison
6 Home--Dave Mills
7 Silver Moon--Michael Nesmith & the First National Band
8 Immigrant Song--Led Zeppelin
9 Do It--Neil Diamond
10 No Matter What--Badfinger

Singles entering the chart were Chirpy, Chirpy, Cheep, Cheep by Lally Stott (#18); and Vicki by Lance James (#19). Vicki was the title song of the movie.

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 She's a Lady--Tom Jones (2nd week at #1)
2 Me and Bobby McGee--Janis Joplin
3 Oh What a Feeling--Crowbar
4 Doesn't Somebody Want to Be Wanted--The Partridge Family
5 Help Me Make it Through the Night--Sammi Smith
6 I was Wondering--The Poppy Family
7 Another Day/Oh Woman, Oh Why--Paul McCartney
8 One Toke Over the Line--Brewer and Shipley
9 Free--Chicago
10 Blue Money--Van Morrison

Singles entering the chart were Power to the People by John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band (#26); I Wish I Were by Andy Kim (#27); Heavy Makes You Happy (Sha-Na-Boom Boom) by the Staple Singers (#28); Jodie by Joey Gregorash (#29); and When Love is Near by the Original Caste (#30).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKVN)
1 Another Day/Oh Woman, Oh Why--Paul McCartney
2 Oh What a Feeling--Crowbar
3 Wild World--Cat Stevens
4 One Toke Over the Line--Brewer and Shipley
5 What is Life--George Harrison
6 Put Your Hand in the Hand--Ocean
7 Me and Bobby McGee--Janis Joplin
8 Free--Chicago
9 Oye Como Va--Santana
10 A Country Boy Named Willy--Spring

Singles entering the chart were C'mon by Poco (#26); Hats Off to the Stranger by Lighthouse (#27); Who Do You Love by Tom Rush (#28); We were Always Strangers by Boz Scaggs (#29); and Joy to the World by Three Dog Night (#30). Who Do You Love was a new version of the song that had originally been released as a single by Mr. Rush in 1966.

Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 Amos Moses--Jerry Reed (2nd week at #1)
2 Where Evil Grows--The Poppy Family
3 Patricia--Ronnie Hawkins
4 Oh What a Feeling--Crowbar
5 She’s a Lady--Tom Jones
6 Mozart Symphony No. 40 in G Minor 1st Movement--The Manuel Da Falla Orchestra
7 I Am...I Said--Neil Diamond
8 What is Life--George Harrison
9 Put Your Hand in the Hand--Ocean
10 Another Day--Paul McCartney

Mozart Symphony No. 40 in G Minor 1st Movement was the B-side of Beethoven 9th Symphony in D Minor "Choral" 4th Movement "Ode to Joy," a version of which had been released the previous year with English lyrics under the title Song of Joy, with Miguel Rios credited as the artist.

War
Rising violence in East Pakistan, which had recently declared its independence as Bangladesh, prompted the U.S.A., U.S.S.R., and other nations to appeal to Pakistani President Agha Mohammed Yahya Khan to halt the fighting and resolve the conflict peacefully.

Boxing
Ruben Olivares (62-1-1) regained the world bantamweight title with a 15-round unanimous decision over defending champion Chucho Castillo (41-11-2) at the Forum in Inglewood, California. Mr. Olivares had won a decision over Mr. Castillo a year earlier before losing the title to Mr. Castillo on a 14-round technical knockout on October 16, 1970.



40 years ago
1981


World events
General Prem Tinsulanonda declared that he was still Prime Minister of Thailand despite the previous day’s military coup and that he had the backing of King Rama IX.

War
The nine-man mission whose attempt to negotiate a settlement to the Iran-Iraq war had ended in failure on April 1 announced that they would send two members back for more discussion.

30 years ago
1991


War
France and Turkey asked the United Nations to intervene on behalf of insurgents in Iraq, while the U.S. State Department reiterated its hands-off policy toward the insurrection by Kurds and Shiites against the Iraqi dictatorship of Saddam Hussein.

Politics and government
Bill Vander Zalm resigned as Premier of British Columbia after a commissioner found that the premier had violated B.C.'s conflict-of-interest guidelines. The conflict-of-interest concerned the sale of Mr. Vander Zalm's botanical garden and Christian theme park Fantasy Gardens to a Taiwanese businessman. Mr. Vander Zalm insisted that the sale had been a family business decision handled by his wife Lillian. Conflict-of-interest commissioner Ted Hughes found that Mr. Vander Zalm found that the premier had been actively involved in the sale and had accorded the buyer, Tan Yu, "red-carpet treatment," and had set up meetings for Tan with prominent provincial officials. Mr. Vander Zalm was succeeded by Rita Johnston, the first woman to become premier of a Canadian province.

25 years ago
1996


Health
The U.S. Defense Department stated that a study of 18,598 Gulf War veterans failed to establish the existence of the alleged Gulf War Syndrome.

20 years ago
2001


Died on this date
Gary Gearhart, 77
. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Gearhart was an outfielder with the New York Giants (1947), batting .246 with 6 home runs and 17 runs batted in in 73 games. He played in more than 1,000 games in 11 minor league seasons (1944-1946, 1948-1956), and worked as a scout with the New York Mets for 14 years.

Diplomacy
U.S. President George W. Bush demanded the return of the U.S. Navy spy plane and its 24-man crew, who were being held by Chinese authorities on the island of Hainan after colliding with a Chinese fighter jet the previous day.

U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell, certifying that Yugoslavia was complying with The Hague tribunal that was trying former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic for war crimes, released economic aid to Yugoslavia.

Weather
A major snowstorm hit Newfoundland during a strike by provincial workers, resulting in the roads not being cleared. The blizzard capped a winter that had set a record for snowfall.

Basketball
NCAA
Men’s Championship
Fina l@ Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, Minneapolis
Duke 82 Arizona 72

Mike Dunleavy scored 21 points, 18 in the second half, to lead the Blue Devils to their third men’s title. Mr. Dunleavy was successful on 5 three-point attempts. Shane Battier scored 18 points for Duke, and was named the most valuable player of the "final four" playoff series.



Baseball
Roger Clemens (1-0) struck out 5 Kansas City Royals to break Walter Johnson’s American League career record of 3,508 as he helped the New York Yankees defeat the Royals 7-3 before an opening day crowd of 55,814 at Yankee Stadium. Joe Randa was Mr. Clemens’ 3,509th victim. New York catcher Jorge Posada batted 3 for 4 with a home run, double, and 4 runs batted in. His homer came off relief pitcher Tony Cogan, who allowed 2 hits and 1 run--earned--in 1/3 inning with 1 base on balls and no strikeouts in his major league debut.

The Seattle Mariners rallied from a 4-0 deficit to defeat the Oakland Athletics 5-4 before an opening day crowd of 45,911 at Safeco Field in Seattle. Seattle leadoff hitter Ichiro Suzuki batted 2 for 5 with a run, and contributed to the rally that produced the winning run in the 8th inning of his first major league game.

10 years ago
2011


Disasters
Highly radioactive water leaked into the sea from a crack at Japan's Fukushima nuclear power plant, which had experienced a disaster on March 11, following the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.

Thursday, 1 April 2021

April 1, 2021

1,025 years ago
996


Died on this date
John XV
. Roman Catholic Pope, 985-996. John XV, son of a Roman presbyter, succeeded John XIV as Pope. He became the first pope to canonize a saint when he canonized Bishop Ulrich of Augsburg in 993. A dispute over the deposition of Archbishop Arnulf of Reims by French churchmen in 991 was a precursor to the investiture controversy between kings and popes. Pope John XV died from a fever and was succeeded by Gregory V.

580 years ago
1441


Died on this date
Blanche I, 53
. Queen consort of Sicily, 1402-1409; Queen of Navarre, 1425-1441. Blanche I, the second daughter of King Charles III of Navarre, became Queen consort of Sicily upon her marriage to King Martin I, who died in 1409. Blanche continued as regent of Sicily until 1415, when Sicily was annexed to Aragon. She married John, Duke of Peñafiel, the second son of Ferdinand I of Aragon, in 1419, and acceded to the throne of Navarre upon the death of her father. John became King of Navarre in her right as John II, and continued as King after her death.

140 years ago
1881


Born on this date
Octavian Goga
. Prime Minister of Romania, 1937-1938. Mr. Goga was a member of various parties. He was with the National Christian Party (the Romanian equivalent of the Nazi Party) when he was appointed Prime Minister on December 28, 1937 by King Carol II in an attempt by the king to increase his own power. Mr. Goga's government introduced a series of anti-Semitic laws in January 1938; Mr. Goga resigned on February 10, and died on May 7, 1938 at the age of 57, two days after suffering a stroke.

130 years ago
1891


Business
The Wrigley Company was founded in Chicago.

120 years ago
1901


Born on this date
Whittaker Chambers
. U.S. journalist and spy. Mr. Chambers, born Jay Vivian Chambers, attended Columbia University before joining the Workers Party of America--later known as the Communist Party USA--in 1925. He wrote for Communist publications and spied on behalf of the U.S.S.R. from 1932-1938, but his faith in Communism gradually waned, especially after fellow spy and friend Juliet Stuart Poyntz was summoned to Moscow in 1937 and was never heard from again. Mr. Chambers broke with Communism in 1938, and met with U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Adolf Berle in 1939, warning him of Communist agents within the federal government. Mr. Chambers' warnings went unheeded, and he spent the next nine years with Time magazine, writing numerous articles and becoming a senior editor. He also became a Quaker. In August 1948, he testified before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities and named individuals involved with the "Ware group" of Communists working underground in Washington in the 1930s. One of those named was former State Department official Alger Hiss, who responded by suing Mr. Chambers for libel. Mr. Chambers presented evidence that resulted in Mr. Hiss being tried twice for perjury, convicted in the second trial in 1950. Mr. Chambers published his autobiography Witness (1952), which became a bestseller, and was a senior editor at National Review (1957-1959). He long suffered from heart problems, and died of a heart attack at his farm in Maryland on July 9, 1961 at the age of 60.

Canadiana
Canada's fourth census was taken. The population was reported at 5,371,315, consisting of 3,063,000 English-speaking and 1,649,000 French-speaking.

Defense
The Kaiserliche Marine gunboat SMS Panther was launched at Danzig.

100 years ago
1921


Born on this date
William Bergsma
. U.S. composer and teacher. Professor Bergsma wrote two symphonies, two oeras, and instrumental, orchestral, and choral works. He taught at the Juilliard School (1946-1963) and then at the University of Washington. Prof. Bergsma died of a heart attack on March 18, 1994, two weeks before his 73rd birthday.

Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith. U.S. musician. Mr. Smith was a country guitarist, banjoist, and composer who was best known for Banjo Boogie (1948); Guitar Boogie (1948); and Feudin' Banjos (1950), all of which reached the top 10 on the Billboard Country and Western singles chart. He hosted The Arthur Smith Show, the first nationally syndicated country music television program, for 32 years, and also produced radio and television programs for himself and others. Mr. Smith died on April 3, 2014, two days after his 93rd birthday.

80 years ago
1941


War
The Eritrean capital of Asmara surrendered to British troops; the United Kingdom claimed that 130,000-150,000 Italian troops and civilains were trapped in central Ethiopia. Mexico, Venazuela, Peru, and Ecuador seized 23 Axis merchant ships, 16 Italian and 7 German; seven of the ships were seat afire by their crews. The Royal Canadian Navy armed merchant cruiser Prince Henry intercepted two German ships off Peru; the ships were scuttled. U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull defended the seizure of 69 Italian, German, and Danish ships as entirely legal; U.S. Attorney General Robert H. Jackson announced that 875 Axis seamen would be prosecuted on sabotage charges. The Blockade Runner Badge for the German Kriegsmarine was instituted.

Abominations
Between 200 and 2,000 Romanian civilians were massacred by Soviet border troops.

Diplomacy
The Yugoslavian government reported that Italian Duce Benito Mussolini had offered to mediate the German-Yugoslav dispute. German radio charged that atrocities had been committed against German nationals in Yugoslavia.

Defense
U.S. Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles and Mexican Ambassador to the United States Francisco Castillo Najera signed an agreement providing for reciprocal use of airfields to strengthen hemispheric defense plans. The U.S. House of Representatives completed congressional action on a Senate resolution opposing the transfer of Western Hemisphere possessions to non-American powers.

World events
A military coup in Iraq overthrew the regime of 'Abd al-Ilah and installed Rashid Ali al-Gaylani as Prime Minister.

Labour
Despite an appeal from U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 400,000 soft coal miners went on strike in 12 states. 8,000 members of the Congress of Industrial Organizations United Auto Workers closed the River Rouge plant of Ford Motor Company with a sit-down strike, claiming that several union men had been discharged. Wisconsin Governor Julius Heil ordered Allis-Chalmers to close its Milwaukee plant after 32 workers were injured in a battle between police and 3,500 strikers.

75 years ago
1946


Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Oh! What it Seemed to Be--Frankie Carle and his Orchestra (3rd week at #1)
--Frank Sinatra
--Dick Haymes and Helen Forrest
--Charlie Spivak and his Orchestra
2 Doctor, Lawyer, Indian Chief--Betty Hutton
--Les Brown and his Orchestra
3 Personality--Johnny Mercer
4 You Won't Be Satisfied (Until You Break My Heart)--Les Brown and his Orchestra
--Perry Como
5 Symphony--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra with Clyde Rogers
--Bing Crosby
--Benny Goodman and his Orchestra
--Jo Stafford
6 I'm Always Chasing Rainbows--Perry Como
--Dick Haymes and Helen Forrest
7 Let it Snow! Let it Snow! Let it Snow!--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra with Vaughn Monroe and the Norton Sisters
--Woody Herman and his Orchestra
8 One-zy, Two-zy (I Love You-zy)--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra
--Phil Harris and his Orchestra
9 Shoo Fly Pie (And Apple Pan Dowdy)--Stan Kenton and his Orchestra
--Dinah Shore
10 Day by Day--Frank Sinatra

Singles entering the chart were Sioux City Sue by Bing Crosby and the Jesters (#27); Madame Butterball by the Pied Pipers (#44); and Coax Me a Little Bit, with versions by Dinah Shore; and the Andrews Sisters (#48). Madame Butterball was the other side of In the Moon Mist, charting at #35.

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on MBS
Tonight's episode: The April Fool's Day Adventure

Died on this date
Noah Beery, Sr., 64
. U.S. actor. Mr. Beery, the older brother of actor Wallace Beery and father of actor Noah Beery, Jr., was a character actor who appeared in over 200 movies, including The Mark of Zorro (1920); The Vanishing American (1925); Beau Geste (1926); and She Done Him Wrong (1933). He died of a heart attack at his brother's home while they were celebrating Wallace's birthday and rehearsing a radio drama they were to appear in that night.

Americana
The auction of the late U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's stamp collection concluded with total sales estimated at $211,000.

Asiatica
The Malayan Union, a federation of the Malay states and the Straits Settlements of Penang and Malacca, came into existence with Kuala Lumpur as its capital and Sir Edward Gent as Governor.

Defense
The U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill providing for a peacetime Navy of 500,000 men and 100,000 Marines, and also called for burial of an unknown soldier of World War II at Arlington National Cemetery.

U.S. Secretary of State James Byrnes informed Cuba that on May 20, 1946 the United States would give up its wartime bases in Cuba. U.S. Army General Albert Wedemeyer announced that U.S. forces in the China theatre would disband on May 1, 1946.

Politics and government
Nationalist Chinese leader Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek said that Communist demands for control of Manchuria would not be considered until the government completed occupation of the area.

The U.S. Supreme Court refused to review a lower court ruling sustaining the right of Negroes to vote in primary elections in Georgia.

Representative B. Carroll Reece (Tennessee) was elected national chairman of the U.S. Republican Party.

Transportation
U.S. President Harry Truman named James M. Landis as chairman of the Civil Aeronautics Board to succeed L. Welch Pogue, whose resignation was to take effect on June 8, 1946.

Agriculture
The U.S.S.R. rejected an invitation to join 18 nations in an emergency conference on cereal supplies on April 3 in London.

Economics and finance
To encourage colonization, the Quebec government of Premier Maurice Duplessis adopted a policy of bonuses for land clearing, increasing the premium paid to the settler for land clearing from $ 15 to $ 20 per acre. Organizational credits were also added to this bonus.

Business
The U.S. Supreme Court upheld a controversial clause of the 1935 utility holding company act, which compelled public utilities to confine themselves to a single, integrated system.

Labour
A nationwide strike of 400,000 United Mine Workers of America soft coal miners began after the failure of U.S. Labor Department mediation in a wage dispute.

Disasters
An 8.6-magnitude earthquake near the Aleutian Islands created a tsunami that struck the Hawaiian Islands and killed 159, mostly in Hilo.

Baseball
The Mexican League, an eight-team circuit backed by the $60-million fortune of Jorge Pasquel, signed catcher Mickey Owen of the Brooklyn Dodgers. Other American players who had already signed with ML teams were pitcher Sal Maglie, second baseman George Hausmann, and first baseman Roy Zimmerman, all of whom had played with the New York Giants in 1945.

70 years ago
1951


On the radio
Paul Harvey News and Comment debuted on ABC, where it continued 6 days a week until his death in 2009.

Literature
The New York Herald Tribune listed Joy Street by Frances Parkinson Keyes as the best-selling fiction book and Kon-Tiki by Thor Heyerdahl the best-selling non-fiction book.

War
Israel and Syria agreed on a 24-hour cease-fire while United Nations officials tried to settle a dispute concerning the demilitarized zone in the Galilee area.

Defense
In his first quarterly report to U.S. President Harry Truman, Defense Mobilization Director Charles Wilson predicted that in two years the U.S.A. and her allies would "have military and economic strength sufficient to give us reasonable safety against aggression."

C. D. Howe was appointed Minister of the new Department of Defence Production in the Canadian government of Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent.

Communications
Canada's postal service was reduced to home mail deliveries of only once per day.

Economics and finance
Israel and Poland signed a one-year, $7.5-million trade agreement.

The U.S. Agriculture Department resumed price support purchases of butter at 64c per pound.

Labour
West German Socialist leader Kurt Schumacher told party representatives that Germany's coal miners and steel workers faced higher unemployment in the European Coal and Steel community, which he labelled an "anti-democratic and technocratic dictatorship" over the German people.

60 years ago
1961


Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Wooden Heart--Elvis Presley (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: Come sinfonia--Pino Donaggio (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Pigalle--Bill Ramsey

#1 single in the Netherlands (Dutch Top 40): Wooden Heart--Elvis Presley (6th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Wooden Heart--Elvis Presley (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Blue Moon--The Marcels
2 Surrender--Elvis Presley
3 Pony Time--Chubby Checker
4 Dedicated to the One I Love--The Shirelles
5 Don’t Worry--Marty Robbins
6 Apache--Jorgen Ingmann and his Guitar
7 Think Twice--Brook Benton
8 Runaway--Del Shannon
9 Gee Whiz (Look at his Eyes)--Carla Thomas
10 Where the Boys Are--Connie Francis

Singles entering the chart were (Theme from) My Three Sons, by Lawrence Welk and his Orchestra (#78); Fell in Love on Monday by Fats Domino (#81); Trees by the Platters (#83); I’m in the Mood for Love by the Chimes (#84); The Blizzard by Jim Reeves (#88); Brass Buttons by the String-A-Longs (#89); I'll Just Have a Cup of Coffee (Then I'll Go) by Claude Gray (#94); That Lucky Old Sun by the Velvets (#97); You Can Depend on Me by Brenda Lee (#98); Bonanza by Al Caiola and his Orchestra (#99); Hop Scotch by Santo and Johnny (#100); and California Sun by Joe Jones (also #100). The version of (Theme from) My Three Sons by Bob Moore and his Orchestra was listed with the version by Lawrence Welk and his Orchestra but not charted.

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Runaway--Del Shannon
2 Blue Moon--The Marcels
3 After the Hurricane--Paul Evans
4 Ling-Ting-Tong--Buddy Knox
5 Bumble Boogie--B. Bumble and the Stingers
6 Donald, Where's Your Troosers?--Andy Stewart
7 Mother-in-Law--Ernie K-Doe
8 The Corruptibles--The Good Guys
9 Theme from Dixie--Duane Eddy
10 I've Told Every Little Star--Linda Scott

Singles entering the chart were Super Skier by Bob Gibson (#26); You Can Depend on Me by Brenda Lee (#33); Shy Away by Jerry Fuller (#34); Bonanza by Al Caiola and his Orchestra (#39); Abdul's Party by Larry Verne (#41); Theme for a Dream by Cliff Richard (#43); Momma-Poppa by the Kalin Twins (#44); Love Theme from One Eyed Jacks by Ferrante and Teicher (#46); Some Kind of Wonderful by the Drifters (#47); Three Little Fishes by Buzz Clifford (#49); and Tenderly by Bert Kaempfert and his Orchestra.

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 Runaway--Del Shannon
2 Blue Moon--The Marcels
3 I've Told Every Little Star--Linda Scott
4 Bumble Boogie--B. Bumble and the Stingers
5 Two--Del Erickson
6 Mother-in-Law--Ernie K-Doe
7 Ling-Ting-Tong--Buddy Knox
8 Memphis--Donnie Brooks
9 After the Hurricane--Paul Evans
10 "D" in Love--Cliff Richard and the Shadows

Singles entering the chart were Sleepy-Eyed John by Johnny Horton (#32); (Theme from) My Three Sons by Lawrence Welk and his Orchestra (#36); All Hands on Deck (EP) by Pat Boone (#37); You Can Depend on Me by Brenda Lee (#38); Hide Away by Freddy King (#39); and Shu Rah by Fats Domino (#40).

On television tonight
The Roaring 20's, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Salvation of Killer McFadden

Music
The Beatles--John, Paul, George, Stu, and Pete--began a 13-week engagement at the Top Ten Club in Hamburg.

Diplomacy
Lyndon Johnson left Washington to begin his first trip overseas since becoming Vice President of the United States. His first stop was Dakar, Senegal.

Boxing
Emile Griffith (23-2) won the world welterweight title with a knockout of defending champion Benny "Kid" Paret (34-10-3) at 1:11 of the 13th round at Convention Hall in Miami Beach, Florida.



50 years ago
1971


Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): She's a Lady--Tom Jones

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): My Sweet Lord--George Harrison (10th week at #1)

Abominations
The Pakistan Army massacred over 1,000 civilians in Keraniganj Upazila, Bangladesh.

Politics and government
Argentina legalized activities of political parties, ending a ban that had been in effect since 1964.

Law
Justice Patrick Hartt headed the new Law Reform Commission of Canada as it began to examine changes to Canada's Criminal Code.

Boxing
World Boxing Association world flyweight champion Masao Ohba (28-2-1) retained his title with a 15-round unanimous decision over Betulio Gonzalez (25-3-1) at Nihon University Auditorium in Tokyo.



40 years ago
1981


Hit parade
Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 Flash--Queen
2 Angel of Mine--Frank Duval & Orchestra
3 Woman--John Lennon
4 Imagine--John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band
5 Stop the Cavalry--Jona Lewie
6 Some Broken Hearts Never Mend--Telly Savalas
7 In the Air Tonight--Phil Collins
8 Shaddap You Face--Joe Dolce Music Theatre
9 (Just Like) Starting Over--John Lennon
10 Amoureux solitaires--Lio

Singles entering the chart were Flash; In the Air Tonight; Shaddap You Face; Amoureux solitaires; Fade to Grey by Visage (#14); and Zweierbeziehung by Rainhard Fendrich (#16).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates
2 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
3 Woman--John Lennon
4 Morning Train (Nine to Five)--Sheena Easton
5 Rapture--Blondie
6 The Best of Times--Styx
7 A Little in Love--Cliff Richard
8 While You See a Chance--Steve Winwood
9 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
10 Precious to Me--Phil Seymour

Singles entering the chart were Angel of the Morning by Juice Newton (#13); and Somebody's Knockin' by Terri Gibbs (#18).

On the radio
On CFRN in Edmonton, morning man Pat Murphy observed April Fool’s Day with some humourous editing of Bruce Hogle’s "morning minitorial."

World events
Thai army generals overthrew the one-year-old government of General Prem Tinsulanonda and established a revolutionary committee under the direction of General Sant Chitpatima. The Thai constitution was abolished and the cabinet and parliament were dissolved. Gen. Prem was allowed to remain commander of the army.

War
Clashes between Syrian troops and Christian militiamen near Zahle, Lebanon began, signalling an end to the cease-fire that had been in place.

An attempt by a nine-man mission led by Guinean President Sekou Toure to negotiate an end to the war between Iran and Iraq ended in failure. Iraq insisted that Iran recognize Iraqi sovereignty over the Shatt al Arab waterway, and Iran refused to talk peace while Iraqi forces were in Iran.

Hockey
NHL
Quebec 4 @ Hartford 5
Chicago 2 @ Toronto 2
Colorado 2 @ Edmonton 4
Winnipeg 4 @ Vancouver 4

30 years ago
1991


Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Oh! Yeah!/Love Story wa Totsuzen ni--Kazumasa Oda (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Se mustamies--Hausmylly (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)--C+C Music Factory featuring Freedom Williams (5th week at #1)

Died on this date
Martha Graham, 96
. U.S. dancer and choreographer. Miss Graham was probably the most influential American modern dancer of the 20th century. She formed her own company in 1926, and her dance technique is still taught today. Miss Graham choregraphed ballets from the mid-1920s until her death.

World events
A coalition of Kurdish insurgent groups appealed to the United States and other western nations to help the Kurds, whose insurgency was being beaten down by Iraqi government forces.

Basketball
NCAA
Men's Championship Final @ Hoosier Dome, Indianapolis
Duke 72 Kansas 65

After five trips to the Final Four under Coach Mike Krzyzewski since 1986, Duke finally won its first NCAA championship. Christian Laettner led the Blue Devils with 18 points and 10 rebounds, and was named the Final Four's Most Valuable Player.



25 years ago
1996


Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Jesus to a Child--George Michael (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Firestarter--The Prodigy (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Children--Robert Miles (2nd week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Ironic--Alanis Morissette
2 1979--Smashing Pumpkins
3 I Want to Come Over--Melissa Etheridge
4 Follow You Down--Gin Blossoms
5 Missing--Everything But the Girl
6 Nobody Knows--The Tony Rich Project
7 Birmingham--Amanda Marshall
8 Wonderwall--Oasis
9 Don't Cry--Seal
10 Jesus to a Child--George Michael

Singles entering the chart were Always Be My Baby by Mariah Carey (#87); Everything Falls Apart by Dog's Eye View (#89); Heroine by Wild Strawberries (#90); This is the Stuff by Carolyn Arends (#92); Don't Leave Me Alone by Amy Sky (#95); Don't Wanna Lose You by Lionel Richie (#97); and Brown Shoe by Junkhouse (#98).

Died on this date
Jean Le Moyne, 83
. Canadian journalist and politician. Mr. Le Moyne was known for his book Convergences (1961). He was appointed to the Canadian Senate by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau in 1982, and represented Rigaud as a Liberal from 1982-1988.

John McSherry, 51. U.S. baseball umpire. Mr. McSherry was an umpire in the National League from 1971-1996, working in eight NL Championship Series and the 1977 and 1987 World Series. He was officially listed at 6' 2" and 328 pounds, but some sources said his weight was closer to 400 pounds; he was considered the umpire most likely to die of a heart attack on the diamond. Mr. McSherry was working behind home plate in the season opener between the Montreal Expos and Cincinnati Reds at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati, when he called time out after just seven pitches and motioned for the second base umpire to replace him; he started to walk off the field, and collapsed with a heart attack. Mr. McSherry was pronounced dead at the hospital an hour later. There were 2 out and nobody on base in the top of the 1st inning when the game was called, and play was not resumed.



Defense
Detachment London, formerly Canadian Forces Base London, closed. It had been downsized from a base to a detachment of CFB Toronto in 1992.

Business
The Bank of Tokyo and Mitsubishi Bank merged to create the world's largest bank, with assets of US$722.4 billion.

20 years ago
2001


Died on this date
Trịnh Công Sơn, 62
. Vietnamese musician. Trịnh Công Sơn was a guitarist and singer-songwriter who wrote over 500 songs in South Vietnam during the 1960s and 1970s, many of them protesting the Vietnam War. The South Vietnamese government disapproved of his pacifist lyrics, and when South Vietnam fell to the Communists in 1975, he celebrated the realization of Vietnamese unity. The Communist government soon sentenced Trịnh Công Sơn to re-education in a labour camp, but honoured him in later years.

World events
A 36-hour armed standoff at the Belgrade villa of former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic ended when he was arrested and taken to prison.

An EP-3E U.S. Navy spy plane collided with a Chinese People's Liberation Army Shenyang J-8 fighter jet. The U.S. claimed that the incident took place 50 miles southeast of the Chinese island of Hainan over international waters, while China claimed the incident occurred over Chinese waters. The Chinese jet plunged into the South China Sea, and the pilot, Wang Wei, reportedly parachuted from the plane but was missing and presumed dead. The slow-moving American propeller plane damaged a wing and an engine, and landed on Hainan. The plane was seized and its 24-man crew were detained for 11 days.

Abominations
Same-sex marriage became legal in the Netherlands, the first contemporary country to allow it.

Environment
Halifax became the first city in North America to restrict the use of insecticides, pesticides, and herbicides.

Economics and finance
The U.S. unemployment rate in March was reported at 4.3%; consumer prices had increased 0.1% over February, while producer prices had declined 0.1%; the U.S. trade deficit stood at $31.17 billion; and the index of leading economic indicators had declined 0.3% from February.

Basketball
NCAA
Women's championship @ Savvis Center, St. Louis
Final
Notre Dame 68 Purdue 66





10 years ago
2011


Protest
After protests against the burning of the Qur'an turned violent, a mob attacked a United Nations compound in Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, resulting in the deaths of 13 people, including 8 foreign workers.

Politics and government
Five Maa-Nulth First Nations in British Columbia settled their final agreement with the government of Canada, covering several regions on Vancouver Island; it included special rights pertaining to fish, migratory birds and animal life used in ceremonies and social rituals.