December 2, 2018

190 years ago
1828

Politics and government
Voting concluded in the U.S. presidential election. Democratic Party candidate Andrew Jackson earned 178 electoral votes (56.0% of the popular vote) to 83 electoral votes (43.6% of the popular vote) for incumbent President and National Republican Party candidate John Quincy Adams.

170 years ago
1848

Europeana
Austrian Emperor Ferdinand I abdicated, and was succeeded by his nephew Franz Josef I.

130 years ago
1888

Born on this date
M.J. Coldwell. Canadian politician. Mr. Coldwell, a native of Seaton, England, immigrated to Canada in 1910. He sat in the House of Commons from 1935-1958 and led the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) from 1942-1960. Mr. Coldwell died on August 25, 1874 at the age of 85.

125 years ago
1893

Football
U.S. college
Army 4 @ Navy 6

The fourth annual Army-Navy game was played at Worden Field in Annapolis, Maryland, and was the last meeting between the two until 1899.

120 years ago
1898

Born on this date
Indra Lal Roy. Indian military aviator. Lieutenant Roy served in the U.K. Royal Flying Corps, and was the only Indian air ace of World War I, recording 10 victories in just over 170 hours of flying time before being killed in a dogfight over Carvin, France on July 22, 1918 at the age of 19.

110 years ago
1908

Chinatica
Puyi, Emperor Xuantong, acceded to the throne at the age of 2 years 10 months.

100 years ago
1918

Died on this date
Edmond Rostand, 50. French poet and playwright. Mr. Rostand was best known for his play Cyrano de Bergerac (1897). He died of influenza during the worldwide epidemic.

90 years ago
1928

Labour
The Ruhr industrial conflict resulting from the lockout of 213,000 German metalworkers virtually ended when the socialist trade unions followed the example of the Catholic trade unions in accepting the government's offer of mediation.

75 years ago
1943

Theatre
The musical Carmen Jones, with music by Georges Bizet and lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II, and a large all-Negro cast, opened at the Broadway Theatre in New York.

Died on this date
Nordahl Grieg, 41. Norwegian writer. Mr. Grieg was a Communist poet, author, and journalist who consistently supported U.S.S.R. dictator Josef Stalin until the 1939 Molotov-Rippentrop non-aggression pact between the U.S.S.R. and Germany. He escaped to the United Kingdom in 1940, serving the Norwegian government-in exile. Mr. Grieg was a journalist attached to 460 Squadron, Royal Australian Air Force, and was killed as a passenger aboard one of five aircraft shot down during a bombing raid on Berlin.

Married on this date
U.S. actors Rudy Vallee and Jane Greer were married in Hollywood.

War
The U.S. Army and Navy reported 126,969 U.S. casualties up to November 15, 1943, including 27,481 killed in action. The German Luftwaffe conducted a surprise air raid on Allied ships in Bari, Italy, sinking 28 cargo and transport ships, including the American SS John Harvey, which was carrying a stockpile of World War I-era mustard gas; 37 U.S. naval personnel were killed. U.K. forces in Italy breached German positions on the west side of the Sangro River at the Adriatic end of the line, putting the Germans in full retreat. The Soviet Red Army took 80 towns and villages in its drive northwest of Gomel toward Zhlobin.

Defense
The U.S. Navy announced acceptance for the Naval Air Transport Service of the world's largest flying boat, the 70-ton Martin Mars.

Politics and government
U.S. Representative Everett Dirksen (Republican--Illinois) announced his candidacy for the Republican Party U.S. presidential nomination in 1944.

Academia
Argentine Public Instruction Minister Gustavo Martinez Zuviria announced that university professors and students participating in Communist propaganda would be dismissed and subject to other sanctions.

70 years ago
1948

War
Chinese Nationalist forces abandoned the rail junction of Suchow to Communists, retreating southward to reinforce the defense of Nanking.

Diplomacy
The U.S.S.R. officially recognized the separate Communist government in East Berlin, promising to give it all necessary "help and support."

Politics and government
The Indian Constituent Assembly adopted a Charter of Liberty guaranteeing freedoms of speech, assembly, property ownership, and work.

Time editor and former Communist Whittaker Chambers led U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities investigators to a microfilmed cache of secret State, War, and Navy Department documents on his farm in Westminster, Maryland. Journalists dubbed the microfilms, hidden in a hollowed-out pumpkin, the "pumpkin papers." After inspecting the material, committee member Rep. Karl Mundt (Republican--South Dakota) declared that it revealed the existence of "a vast network of Communist espionage in the State Department." Mr. Chambers claimed that he had received the documents from a secret contact in the State Department.

Economics and finance
The French National Assembly approved a resolution condemning U.S. and U.K. plans to put Ruhr industry under German control.

Labour
Anti-Communist Canadian union leaders organized the Canadian Association of International Union Representatives, with Vice President Frank Hall of the Brotherhood of Railway Clerks as chairman.

Football
NCAA
The United States Military Academy won the Lambert Trophy representing Eastern U.S. college football supremacy.

Baseball
The Baseball Writers Association of America named St. Louis Cardinals' left fielder Stan Musial as the Most Valuable Player in the National League for the second straight season. "Stan the Man" batted .376 with 39 home runs and 131 runs batted in in 155 games in 1948, leading the NL in batting; slugging (.702); runs (135); hits (230); doubles (46); triples (18); and runs batted in.

60 years ago
1958

War
The Cuban government disclosed that General Martin Diaz Tamayo had been relieved as Army chief of operations and recalled from command of anti-guerrilla operations in Oriente Province. Gen. Luis Robainas was appointed to succeed him.

Defense
The U.S.S.R. warned Japan to abandon her "shackling military commitments" in current talks on revision of the 1951 U.S.-Japan security treaty.

World events
Burmese officials arrested Bo Mya Thway, leader of the opposition National United Front, and 11 other suspects on charges of plotting against the Ne Win government.

Energy
Eugene Wigner, professor of mathematical physics at Princeton University, received the $50,000 Enrico Fermi award for his role in the development of nuclear reactors.

Football
NCAA
Army halfback Pete Dawkins was named the winner of the Heisman Trophy as the outstanding college football player in the United States for 1958.

50 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Koi no Kisetsu--Pinky and the Killers (11th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Hey Jude--The Beatles (3rd week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Love Child--Diana Ross and the Supremes
2 Abraham, Martin and John--Dion
3 Stormy--Classics IV
4 Magic Carpet Ride--Steppenwolf
5 Chewy, Chewy--Ohio Express
6 Wichita Lineman--Glen Campbell
7 Who's Making Love--Johnnie Taylor
8 Little Arrows--Leapy Lee
9 Both Sides Now--Judy Collins
10 I Love How You Love Me--Bobby Vinton

Singles entering the chart were A Ray of Hope by the Rascals (#62); Bella Linda by the Grass Roots (#65); Crosstown Traffic by the Jimi Hendrix Experience (#72); Going Up the Country by Canned Heat (#73); The Girl Most Likely by Jeannie C. Riley (#74); Papa's Got a Brand New Bag by Otis Redding (#76); Nightmare by Arthur Brown (#78); Bluebirds Over the Mountain by the Beach Boys (#79); If I Can Dream by Elvis Presley (#80); This is My Country by the Impressions (#82); Nobody by 3 Dog Night (#83); I Put a Spell on You by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#88); They Don't Make Love Like They Used To by Eddy Arnold (#91); Vance by Roger Miller (#94); Good Time Girl by Nancy Sinatra (#95); Rainbow Ride by Andy Kim (#96); Sea Shell by the Strawberry Alarm Clock (#98); and Goodnight My Love by the Duprees (#100).

On television tonight
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Peter Cushing and Nigel Stock, on BBC 1
Tonight's episode: Shoscombe Old Place

Academia
San Francisco State College President S.I. Hayakawa reopened the college, which had been closed for eight days when violence followed a strike called by student thugs on November 6. Pres. Hayakawa stationed several hundred police on the campus and forbade rallies. Many teachers had joined the strike, which had been called by thugs to back 15 demands they called "non-negotiable." The demands were mostly concerned with creating courses in black studies, and enrolling more Negroes. The strike dragged on for 134 days, until March 20, 1969.

Protest
New York City high school students high school students, mostly Negro, began five days of rampages through several schools and subways in demonstrations to protest the lengthened school day and cancelled vacations imposed to make up for time lost during the teachers' strike over the school decentralization issue. Most of the disorders raged in Brooklyn's Ocean-Hill Brownsville district, the focus of the strike dispute. Teachers and policemen were injured when the rioters broke into schools, smashing furnitures and equipment. 132 arrests were made.

Disasters
All 39 people aboard a twin-engine airliner were killed when it crashed near Anchorage, Alaska.

40 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Una donna per amico--Lucio Battisti (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Mary's Boy Child/Oh My Lord--Boney M. (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Da Ya Think I'm Sexy?--Rod Stewart

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): You Don't Bring Me Flowers--Barbra & Neil

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Get Off--Foxy
2 Dreadlock Holiday--10 cc
3 Trojan Horse--Luv'
4 Kiss You All Over--Exile
5 Dear John--Teach In
6 Guust Flater En De Marsupilami--Wij Zijn Twee Vrienden
7 Bicycle Race--Queen
8 Hot Shot--Karen Young
9 MacArthur Park--Donna Summer
10 Love Don't Live Here Anymore--Rose Royce

Singles entering the chart were Felicidad by BZN (#20); Giving Up, Giving In by the Three Degrees (#24); Well All Right by Santana (#29); Do Ya Think I'm Sexy? by Rod Stewart (#30); Too Much Heaven by the Bee Gees (#31); and Tango Motion by the Millionaires (#38).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 You Don't Bring Me Flowers--Barbra & Neil (2nd week at #1)
2 How Much I Feel--Ambrosia
3 I Just Wanna Stop--Gino Vannelli
4 MacArthur Park--Donna Summer
5 Sharing the Night Together--Dr. Hook
6 Hot Child in the City--Nick Gilder
7 I Love the Night Life (Disco 'round)--Alicia Bridges
8 Kiss You All Over--Exile
9 Time Passages--Al Stewart
10 (Our Love) Don't Throw it All Away--Andy Gibb

Singles entering the chart were Radioactive by Gene Simmons (#82); You Need a Woman Tonight by Captain and Tennille (#88); You've Really Got a Hold on Me by Eddie Money (#89); Light the Sky on Fire by Jefferson Starship (#90); and A Little Lovin' (Keeps the Doctor Away) by the Raes (#93).

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 MacArthur Park--Donna Summer (2nd week at #1)
2 How Much I Feel--Ambrosia
3 Whenever I Call You "Friend"--Kenny Loggins
4 Ready to Take a Chance Again--Barry Manilow
5 I Just Wanna Stop--Gino Vannelli
6 You Needed Me--Anne Murray
7 Double Vision--Foreigner
8 Hot Child in the City--Nick Gilder
9 Blue Collar Man (Long Nights)--Styx
10 Sharing the Night Together--Dr. Hook

Singles entering the chart were In the Bush by Musique (#78); I Will Play a Rhapsody by Burton Cummings (#81); A Man I'll Never Be by Boston (#84); Words Right Out of My Mouth by Meat Loaf (#90); You Thrill Me by Exile (#98); September by Earth, Wind & Fire (#99); and The Gambler by Kenny Rogers (#100).

Abominations
A testimonial fund-raising dinner in honour of Peoples Temple dictator Rev. Jim Jones, endorsed by 75 prominent leaders, was scheduled to be held in San Francisco. The gala was cancelled two weeks earlier because of the guest of honour's permanent inability to appear.

Hockey
NHL
Buffalo 1 @ Montreal 8
New York Rangers 2 @ Toronto 5

Football
NCAA
Navy 28 Army 0 @ John F. Kennedy Stadium, Philadelphia

30 years ago
1988

Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Don't Worry Be Happy--Bobby McFerrin (5th week at #1)

At the movies
Tequila Sunrise, written and directed by Robert Towne, and starring Mel Gibson, Kurt Russell, and Michelle Pfeiffer, opened in theatres.





Died on this date
Geno Spriggs, 20. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Spriggs, the son of former major league outfielder George Spriggs, was a third baseman and shortstop in the Pittsburgh Pirates' organization with the Pirates (1987) in the rookie classification Gulf Coast League (1987) and Princeton Pirates in the Appalachian League (1988), batting .245 with 1 home run and 27 runs batted in in 90 games. He was killed in a car accident.

Space
The U.S. space shuttle Atlantis lifted off from Cape Canaveral, Florida on a four-day secret mission for the U.S. Department of Defense. The crew were: Robert Gibson, Commander; Guy Gardner, Pilot; Richard Mullane, Jerry Ross, and William Shepherd, Mission Specialists.



Politics and government
Benazir Bhutto took office as Prime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the first woman to lead the government of a Muslim nation. She promised to free political prisoners, obey the rule of law, and work for an end to restrictions on unions, the press, and the rights of women.

U.S. Vice President and President-elect George Bush met with the members of the Democratic party ticket whom he'd defeated, Massachusetts Governor and presidential candidate Michael Dukakis, and his vice-presidential running mate, U.S. Senator Lloyd Bentsen of Texas.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that the unemployment rate in November was 5.4%, an increase of 0.1% from October.

Disasters
700 people were known to have died and thousands may have been killed in a cyclone that struck Bangladesh.

25 years ago
1993

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): The Sign--Ace of Base (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Pablo Escobar, 44. Colombian criminal. Mr. Escobar, Colombia's leading drug lord, was shot to death by security forces in Medellin, the day after his 44th birthday.

Space
The U.S. space shuttle Endeavour was launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida with a seven-member crew commanded by Richard Covey. The mission was to replace the Hubble telescope, which was not providing sharp photographs of distant space objects because of a flaw in its main mirror. Other members of the crew were: Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot; and Kathryn Thornton, Claude Nicollier, Jeffrey Hoffman, Story Musgrave, and Thomas Akers, Mission Specialists.

Diplomacy
Somali warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid, whose forces had killed 18 Americans and wounded 70 others in battle, was a guest on a U.S. military plane. The U.S. government believed that talks in the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa were critical to a breakthrough on Somalia, and provided the plane for General Aidid.

Crime
A jobless man who had reportedly been denied unemployment benefits shot and killed three people and wounded four others at an unemployment office in Oxnard, California. During a subsequent chase, he killed a policeman before being killed himself.

Economics and finance
Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien said that he had received the assurances that he'd wanted on the North American Free Trade Agreement, and that his Liberal government now was giving full support to NAFTA. He announced supplemental accords in which Canada, the U.S.A., and Mexico said they would agree on anti-dumping measures by the end of 1995, and the three signatories also agreed that NAFTA rules would not require any nation to export water resources against its will.

Business
The National Bank of Canada bought Central Guaranty Trust's branches east of Ontario for $50 million--48 retail branches plus $3.5 billion in deposits and loans.

Labour
National Hockey League referees went back to work after a brief walkout.

Basketball
NBA
Houston 94 @ New York 85

The Rockets, led by center Hakeem Olajuwon, defeated the Knickerbockers at Madison Square Garden for their season-opening 15th straight victory, tying the record for best NBA start set by the Washington Capitols in 1948.

10 years ago
2008

Died on this date
Henry Molaison, 82. U.S. medical patient. Mr. Molaison suffered from epilepsy, and underwent a lobotomy in 1953. The surgery was partially successful in controlling Mr. Molaison's seizures, but left him unable to create new memories. His case played an important role in the development of theories that explain the link between brain function and memory, and in the development of cognitive neuropsychology.

Odetta, 77. U.S. musician. Odetta Holmes was a folk and blues singer who was influential during the 1950s and '60s, and was referred to as "The Voice of the Civil Rights Movement." She died of heart disease, 29 days before her 78th birthday.

Ted Rogers, 75. Canadian broadcasting magnate. Mr. Rogers, a native of Toronto, founded Rogers Communications in 1967, which became one of the largest media conglomerates in Canada. He owned the Toronto Blue Jays baseball team until his death from congestive heart failure.