July 31, 2020

270 years ago
1750

Died on this date
João V, 60. King of Portugal, 1706-1750. João V, known as "The Magnanimous" and the "Portuguese Sun King," acceded to the throne upon the death of his father Pedro II. He ruled as an absolute monarch, spending large amounts of money on architectural works and international embassies. He intervened in the affairs of other European nations, and pursued an expansionist policy, with significant territorial gains in America and India. João V died of dropsy, and was succeeded by his son José I.

230 years ago
1790

Technology
The first U.S. patent was issued to Samuel Hopkins of Vermont for a process of making fertilizer.

140 years ago
1880

Born on this date
Premchand. Indian author. Munshi Premchand, whose real name was Dhanpat Rai Shrivastava, was one of the most prominent Hindi writers of the 20th century, with works that included more than a dozen novels and about 300 short stories. He suffered from chronic ill health, and died on October 8, 1936 at the age of 56.

Heinrich Simon. German journalist. Dr. Simon, a Jewish refugee and writer of anti-Nazi editorials in Germany, died in Washington, D.C. on May 6, 1941 at the age of 60 after being beaten by unknown assailants.
110 years ago
1910

Born on this date
Gordon McNaughton. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. McNaughton played with the Boston Red Sox (1932), posting a record of 0-1 with a 6.43 earned run average in 6 games. He was 12-16 in 58 games in 4 seasons in the minor leagues (1933-1936). Mr. McNaughton lived a sordid private life, and was killed on August 6, 1942, six days after his 32nd birthday, when he was shot in a hotel room in Chicago by Mrs. Eleanor Williams, a former girlfriend.

Glenn Liebhardt. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Liebhardt, the son of a major league pitcher, played with the Philadelphia Athletics (1930) and St. Louis Browns (1936, 1938), posting a 0-1 record with an earned run average of 8.96 in 31 games, batting 0 for 13. He won at least 51 games and lost at least 35 in at least 158 games in 10 seasons in the minor leagues (1930-1939). Mr. Liebhardt died on March 14, 1992 at the age of 81.

Baseball
The Chicago Cubs swept a doubleheader from the St. Louis Cardinals 9-3 and 4-0 before 20,000 fans at Robison Field in St. Louis. Three Finger Brown (16-10) was the winning pitcher in the first game, and King Cole (10-2) pitched a no-hitter in the second game, which was stopped in the bottom of the 7th inning. The Cubs were batting and had the bases loaded with 1 out, but the game was called in order for both teams to make train connections to eastern cities. Eddie Higgins (0-1), who relieved starting pitcher Johnny Lush in the 2nd inning, allowed 11 hits and 6 runs in 8 innings in the 19th and last game of his 2-year major league career.

The Cleveland Naps scored a run in the top of the 11th inning to break a 4-4 tie as they defeated the St. Louis Browns 5-4 in the first game of a doubleheader at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. Cy Falkenberg (10-8) pitched a 3-hitter for the Naps as they won the second game 2-0 to complete the sweep.

Ty Cobb's solo home run in the 5th inning broke a 5-5 tie and held up as the winning run as the Detroit Tigers edged the Chicago White Sox 6-5 before 21,000 fans at White Sox Park. The White Sox scored all their runs in the 4th inning against Bill Donovan (8-3), who pitched a 5-hit complete game victory.

90 years ago
1930

Died on this date
Hazel Johnson. The wife of Washington Nationals’ manager and former pitching great Walter Johnson died in Washington, suffering from heat exhaustion. She had driven to Washington from Kansas the previous week during the hottest month yet recorded in the United States. The Johnsons had five children.

Baseball
Lou Gehrig hit his 7th career major league grand slam, added 2 doubles, a sacrifice bunt, a base on balls, scored 3 runs, and drove in 8 for the New York Yankees as they edged the Boston Red Sox 14-13 before 6,000 fans at Fenway Park in Boston.

Bing Miller drew a base on balls with 1 out in the top of the 9th inning, advanced to second base on a single by Dib Williams, and scored from there on a single by Jimmy Dykes for the deciding run as the Philadelphia Athletics withstood a 3-run rally in the bottom of the 9th to defeat the Washington Nationals 4-3 before 8,000 fans at Griffith Stadium in Washington. Joe Kuhel made his major league debut with Washington, drawing a base on balls as a pinch hitter in the 9th to load the bases and coming around to score. George Earnshaw (16-6) allowed 4 hits and 3 earned run in 8+ innings to get the win, outduelling Bump Hadley (9-7), who allowed 8 hits and 3 earned runs in 7 innings. Lefty Grove relieved Mr. Earnshaw and retired 3 straight batters to earn his first save of the season.

Dick Porter doubled with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th inning and Ed Morgan followed with a home run to give the Cleveland Indians a 5-3 win over the Detroit Tigers before 3,000 fans at League Park in Cleveland. Wes Ferrell (17-9) pitched an 8-hit complete game victory.

Garland Braxton (5-7) and Ted Lyons (17-9) were the respective winning pitchers for the Chicago White Sox as they swept a doubleheader from the St. Louis Browns 10-2 and 1-0 before 5,000 fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago.

Larry French (12-13) pitched a 10-hit complete game and doubled home Dick Bartell with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning to give the Pittsburgh Pirates a 4-3 win over the St. Louis Cardinals before 3,000 fans at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh.

80 years ago
1940

Died on this date
Udham Singh, 40. Indian criminal. Mr. Singh was a pro-independence activist who was hanged at Pentonville Prison in England for the March 13, 1940 assassination of Punjab Governor Michael O'Dwyer. Mr. O'Dwyer had been Governor when 379 unarmed Indians had been massacred at Amritsar in 1919, and his assassination was apparently in reprisal for this incident.

War
The United Kingdom announced the full application of its blockade to continental France. After telling the House of Commons that a crisis may soon be imminent, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill wrote to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt urgently requesting destroyers and seaplanes to beat back a German invasion. Japanese planes bombed Chungking for four hours, killing 80 people.

Diplomacy
The Japanese Foreign Office announced that it would arrest all foreigners suspected of espionage.

Politics and government
Chinese Communist leader Chou En-lai left Chungking for Yenan with a reported agreement to end the dispute between the Kuomintang and Communist parties in China.

Defense
The U.S. House of Representatives passed and sent to the Senate a national defense appropriations bill for rearmament of $4,963,151,957.

Oil
The U.S. State Department announced a flat ban on the export of aviation gasoline outside the Western Hemisphere.

Labour
Arthur J. Edwards charged that the system of recruiting southern U.S. Negroes to harvest summer crops in New Jersey amounted to a form of peonage.

Americana
Preliminary 1940 Census data indicated that the District of Columbia had registered the largest population gains of any major city in the decade 1930-1940.

75 years ago
1945

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): It Could Happen to You--Bing Crosby; Dinah Shore (2nd month at #1)

Literature
Australian Customs Minister Richard Keane banned the novel Forever Amber by Kathleen Winsor as an "undesirable book and not an acquisition to Australian literature." He said, "The Almighty did not give people eyes to read that rubbish."

World events
Pierre Laval, the fugitive former leader of Vichy France, was flown from Barcelona to Linz, Austria, where he surrendered to Allied soldiers, who in turn handed him over to French authorities in Innsbruck.

Politics and government
King George VI appointed Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander as Governor General of Canada.

In the New York City mayoral primary, William O'Dwyer became the candidate of both the Democratic Party and the American Labor Party.

Education
The United Nations educational organization draft proposals were revealed by the U.S. State Department. Their objectives would be to facilitate consultation among educators; permit the free flow of ideas; and foster support for international peace.

Energy
U.S. Solid Fuels Administrator Harold Ickes told the Mead War Investigating Committee that the United States faced its "coldest" winter of the war because of lack of manpower in the coal mines.

Labour
The U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in New York ruled that ABC and NBC must bargain collectively with their disc jockeys through the National Association of Broadcast Engineers and Technicians (NABET), rather than the American Federation of Musicians, led by James Petrillo.

70 years ago
1950

On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Strange Case of John Kingman, starring John Baragrey, Oliver Cliff, and Philip Coolidge

This was a restaging of a story originally broadcast on March 6, 1950.

Literature
Ordeal by Slander by U.S. Far Eastern Affairs Adviser Owen Lattimore, a defense against U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy's (Republican--Wisconin) charges of disloyalty, was published in Boston by Little, Brown.

War
U.S. President Harry Truman ordered four National Guard divisions and two National Guard regimental combat teams to active duty within 30 days. He also authorized the Marine Corps to expand two divisions to full wartime strength of about 23,000 men.

Thailand closed its Burmese frontier in response to reports that Burmese troops were massing to drive a force of refugee Chinese troops into Thailand.

Diplomacy
The United Nations Security Council asked UN agencies to provide relief for Korean civilian war refugees, one million of whom had fled the area invaded by North Korean troops.

India and Nepal signed friendship and commercial treaties in Katmandu.

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): The Wonder of You--Elvis Presley

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry (2nd week at #1)
2 Cottonfields--The Beach Boys
3 Yellow River--Christie
4 Which Way You Goin' Billy?--The Poppy Family
5 Come Softly to Me--Percy Sledge
6 Working on a Good Thing--Outlet
7 Question--The Moody Blues
8 The Wedding--Jody Wayne
9 Groovin' with Mr. Bloe--Mr. Bloe
10 The Wonder of You--Elvis Presley

The only single entering the chart was A Song of Joy (Himno a la Alegria) by Miguel Rios (#20).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Band of Gold--Freda Payne
2 Spill the Wine--Eric Burdon and War
3 (They Long to Be) Close to You--Carpenters
4 In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry
5 Make it with You--Bread
6 Tighter, Tighter--Alive and Kicking
7 As the Years Go By--Mashmakhan
8 Are You Ready?--Pacific Gas & Electric
9 Snowbird--Anne Murray
10 Lay a Little Lovin' on Me--Robin McNamara

Singles entering the chart were Lookin' Out My Back Door/Long as I Can See the Light by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#24); Hi-De-Ho by Blood, Sweat & Tears (#25); I've Lost You by Elvis Presley (#28); I Want to Take You Higher by Ike & Tina Turner and the Ikettes (#29); and Big Yellow Taxi by the Neighborhood (#30).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKVN)
1 In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry
2 Spill the Wine--Eric Burdon and War
3 Hitchin' a Ride--Vanity Fare
4 (They Long to Be) Close to You--Carpenters
5 Cinnamon Girl--Neil Young with Crazy Horse
6 Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours--Stevie Wonder
7 Make it with You--Bread
8 Ohio--Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young
9 Summertime Blues--The Who
10 Freedom Blues--Little Richard

Singles entering the chart were As the Years Go By by Mashmakhan (#13); Indiana Wants Me by R. Dean Taylor (#19); Lookin' Out My Back Door/Long as I Can See the Light by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#23); Ten Pound Note by Steel River (#28); Hi-De-Ho by Blood, Sweat & Tears (#29); and You Can't Deny It by Edward Bear (#30).

Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 Mama Told Me (Not to Come)--Three Dog Night
2 Spill the Wine--Eric Burdon and War
3 As the Years Go By--Mashmakhan
4 A Little Bit of Soap--Paul Davis
5 Gimme Dat Ding--The Pipkins
6 Hitchin' a Ride--Vanity Fare
7 (They Long to Be) Close to You--Carpenters
8 Pearl--Tommy Roe
9 I Just Can't Help Believing--B.J. Thomas
10 Indiana Wants Me--R. Dean Taylor

Died on this date
Anne de Leusse, 15. French girl. Miss de Leusse died of a rare form of collagen disease. Her story was told by her mother Claude de Leusse in the book For Love of Anne (1972).

Terrorism
Uruguayan terrorists kidnapped Dan Mitrione, 50, an official with the U.S. Agency for International Development, and Brazilian Consul Aloysio Mares Gomide, 41, in Montevideo.

Diplomacy
After a lengthy debate that precipitated a government split, Israel’s cabinet voted 17-6 to accept the Middle East peace proposal of U.S. Secretary of State William Rogers, which called for a 90-day standstill cease-fire between Israel and Egypt and negotiations conducted by Gunnar Jarring, Sweden’s Ambassador to the U.S.S.R., who had previously tried to bring the two sides together. The Gahal party, which favoured retention of all Arab land taken in the Six-Day War in 1967, cast the six votes against the Rogers proposal, and quit the government.

Defense
The U.K. Royal Navy observed Black Tot Day, the last day of the officially sanctioned rum ration.

Protest
In Amman, 25,000 demonstrators cheered a call by a Palestinian guerrilla leader for the "liberation" of all of Palestine and the rejection of the peace formula.

Hartford, Connecticut Mayor Ann Uccello declared a state of emergency, and the city was placed under a 9 P.M.-5 A.M. curfew to "limit the dangers to life and property" after three days of rioting by Negro and Puerto Rican youths. A 28-year-old Puerto Rican man was shot, reportedly by a policeman.

Football
CFL
Edmonton (0-1) 11 @ Saskatchewan (2-0) 23

The Roughriders ruined Ray Jauch’s regular season debut as a CFL head coach as Jack Abendschan tied what was then a single game record with 5 field goals. The 13,960 fans at Taylor Field in Regina saw the Saskatchewan defense hold the Eskimos to 7 yards rushing. Former B.C. Lion Leroy Sledge, playing his first game as an Eskimo and his last in the CFL, carried 5 times for 7 yards and caught 1 pass for 5 yards. Former Calgary Stampeder flanker Jeff Atcheson also playing his first game as an Eskimo and his last in the CFL, catching 1 pass for 30 yards. Dave Cutler accounted for all of the Edmonton scoring with 3 field goals and 2 singles.

NFL
Pre-season
College All-Star Game @ Soldier Field, Chicago
Kansas City Chiefs (1-0) 24 College All-Stars 3

69,940 fans saw the Chiefs defeat the All-Stars. Boston University defensive back Bruce Taylor was named the All-Stars' Most Valuable Player.

Baseball
The Chicago Cubs swept a doubleheader from the Cincinnati Reds 7-1 and 11-3 before 50,056 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. Rookie sensation Wayne Simpson (14-3) was the Reds’ starting pitcher in the first game, but left after 3 innings with what turned out to be a torn rotator cuff. He pitched in only 2 games during the remainder of the season, and never fully recovered. Chicago second baseman Glenn Beckert batted 4 for 5 with 2 runs in the first game, while third baseman Ron Santo batted 4 for 4 with a base on balls, 2 doubles, 2 runs, and 3 runs batted in in the second game.

Bill Melton hit a sacrifice fly with none out and the bases loaded in the bottom of the 9th inning to score Tom McCraw, climaxing a 2-run rally as the Chicago White Sox beat the Cleveland Indians 5-4 before 5,467 fans at White Sox Park.

Bill Zepp relieved Pete Hamm (0-1) and promptly walked Elliott Maddox with 2 out and the bases loaded in the bottom of the 9th inning, forcing Al Kaline home with the winning run as the Detroit Tigers edged the Minnesota Twins 10-9 before 35,247 fans at Tiger Stadium. The Twins scored 6 runs ini the 6th to take a 6-3 lead, but the Tigers responded with 6 in the 7th. Bob Allison came to bat as a pinch hitter for Minnesota with 2 out in the top of the 9th and hit a 2-run home run to tie the score 9-9; it was his only home of the season, and the 256th and last of his major league career.

Jay Johnstone's single leading off the 3rd inning was the only hit off Sonny Siebert (11-5) as the pitched the Boston Red Sox to a 2-0 win over the California Angels before 36,160 fans at Anaheim Stadium. Mike Andrews hit a solo home run in the 3rd inning to provide the winning run, and Carl Yastrzemski added a solo homer in the 4th off Tom Murphy (11-7), who allowed 10 hits in a complete game.

40 years ago
1980

Protest
Three days of racial violence in Orlando, Florida concluded.

Business
Chrysler Corporation reported the greatest loss ever by a U.S. car maker: $536.1 million during the second quarter of 1980.

Journalism
The Albertan published its last edition. The Calgary morning newspaper had been bought by the Toronto Sun chain, and began publishing on August 1 as The Calgary Sun.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Hanky Panky--Madonna

Died on this date
Albert Leduc, 87. Canadian hockey player. Mr. Leduc, a native of Valleyfield Quebec who was nicknamed "Battleship," was a defenceman with the Montreal Canadiens (1925-33, 1934-35); Ottawa Senators (1933-34); and New York Rangers (1933-34), scoring 93 points on 58 goals and 35 assists in 384 regular season games and 5 goals and 6 assists in 28 Stanley Cup games. He was a member of the Canadiens' Stanley Cup championship teams of 1929-30 and 1930-31.

Protest
Oka, Quebec Mayor Jean Ouellette got the Oka Town Council to reject a $1.34-million federal offer to buy disputed land for Mohawks, and $2.5 million compensation to town for lost economic opportunities.

Labour
16,000 Ontario and Quebec steel workers walked off the job at the Stelco and Algoma steel plants.

Baseball
Nolan Ryan picked up his 300th career major league victory as the Texas Rangers beat the Milwaukee Brewers 11-3 before 51,533 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee.





25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy: The Colour Inside--Ti.Pi.Cal. (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Never Forget--Take That

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): You Suck--The Murmurs

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Wish You were Here--Rednex (5th week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 I'll Be There for You--The Rembrandts (3rd week at #1)
2 Leave Virginia Alone--Rod Stewart
3 This Ain't a Love Song--Bon Jovi
4 Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me, Kill Me--U2
5 Made in England--Elton John
6 Misery--Soul Asylum
7 Water Runs Dry--Boyz II Men
8 Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?--Bryan Adams
9 Only Wanna Be with You--Hootie & the Blowfish
10 December--Collective Soul

Singles entering the chart were Walk in the Sun by Bruce Hornsby (#81); I Saw You Dancing by Yaki-Da (#83); Young and in Love by The Pursuit of Happiness (#84); Every Road I Take by Eddie Schwartz (#89); Saviour by Colin James (#91); Let Me Be the One by Blessid Union of Souls (#92); Let it Rain by East 17 (#93); Think of You by Whigfield (#95); and Sexy Girl by Snow (#99).

Business
Walt Disney Co. agreed to acquire Capital Cities-ABC Inc. in a $19-billion deal.

20 years ago
2000

Politics and government
Moshe Katsav, a member of the opposition Likud Party who had once been the youngest mayor in Israel, was elected the country’s President by a vote of 63-57 on the second ballot in the Knesset. His opponent was former Prime Minister Shimon Peres, an ally of current Prime Minister Ehud Barak. Mr. Katsav, a native of Iran, became the first Israeli President to have been born in an Islamic country.

The U.S. Republican National Convention opened at First Union Center in Philadelphia. The party platform struck a relatively moderate tone, although it kept strong language opposing abortion rights and advocating that such opposition be required of nominees for federal courts. General Colin Powell delivered the keynote speech and said he believed that presumptive presidential nominee George W. Bush's commitment to "compassionate conservatism" could help bring the races together.



Law
The Ontario Court of Appeal ruled that Canada’s federal law prohibiting the possession of marijuana was unconstitutional because it failed to recognize that some people with chronic illnesses could use marijuana as medicine. The court gave the federal government one year to amend the law.

Business
CanWest Global Communications Corporation announced a $3.5-billion takeover of all the major Canadian newspapers held by Conrad Black’s Hollinger Inc.

10 years ago
2010

Died on this date
Mitch Miller, 99. U.S. musician. Mr. Miller was a classical and jazz oboist, but was best known as a conductor, producer, and executive with Columbia Records in the 1950s and '60s. He achieved several hit singles as a bandleader, most notably The Yellow Rose of Texas, which reached #1 on several U.S. charts in 1955. Mr. Miller hosted the television program Sing Along with Mitch (1961-1964), and released several albums in connection with the show. He died after a short illness, 27 days after his 99th birthday.

Football
The Edmonton Eskimos fired director of football operations Danny Maciocia, the day after the Eskimos had defeated the British Columbia Lions 28-25 for their first win of the season after 4 straight losses. Mr. Maciocia had been named head coach and director of football operations in 2005, and the Eskimos won the Grey Cup in his first season, but the team missed the playoffs in 2006 for the first time in 35 years, and missed the playoffs again in 2007. They made the playoffs in 2008, but Mr. Maciocia gave up the coaching reins after the Eskimos lost in the Eastern Final. Richie Hall replace him as head coach in 2009, but Mr. Maciocia still seemed to be calling the shots. He still had the support of the players for some reason, but was never popular with the fans, and home attendance declined by an average of 10,000 per game. Eskimo president Rick LeLacheur said that when he asked fans what they problem was, the answer repeatedly came back, "Maciocia," thus resulting in his dismissal.

CFL
Hamilton (1-4) 24 @ Saskatchewan (4-1) 37



Winnipeg (2-3) 20 @ Calgary (4-1) 23

July 30, 2020

550 years ago
1470

Born on this date
Hongzhi. Emperor of China, 1487-1505. Hongzhi, born Zhu Youcheng, was the 10th Emperor of the Ming dynasty, acceding to the throne upon the death of his father Chenghua. Hongzhi pursued policies of peace, and honesty in government. He was unusual in having only one empress and no concubines. Emperor Hongzhi died on June 8, 1505 at the age of 34, and was succeeded by his son Zhengde.

480 years ago
1540

Died on this date
Edward Powell, 62 (?); Robert Barnes, 45 (?); Thomas Abel, 43 (?); Thomas Gerard, 40 (?); Richard Fetherston; William Jerome. English martyrs. Drs. Powell, Abel, and Fetherston were Roman Catholic theologians who were burned at the stake for refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy recognizing King Henry VIII as Supreme Governor of the Church of England. Messrs. Barnes, Gerard, and Jerome were leaders of the Protestant Reformation who were burned at the stake for heresy. All executions took place in Smithfield, London, two days after the execution of Thomas Cromwell.

320 years ago
1700

Died on this date
William, Duke of Gloucester, 11. English royal family member. Prince William was the son of Princess Anne--the future Queen Anne--and her husband Prince George of Denmark, and was their only child to survive infancy. He had an enlarged head--most likely the result of hydrocephalus--and was in poor health for most of his life, which ended after a brief illness--perhaps an acute bacterial pharyngitis, with associated pneumonia--six days after his 11th birthday. Prince William's death precipitated a succession crisis, as his mother was the only person remaining in the Protestant line established by the Bill of Rights 1689. The Act of Settlement 1701 established the Protestant succession.

160 years ago
1860

Transportation
The European & North American Railway was completed between Shediac and Saint John, New Brunswick.

130 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Casey Stengel. U.S. baseball player and manager. Charles Dillon Stengel, who acquired his nickname from the initials of his birthplace of Kansas City, Missouri, was one of the most colourful characters in baseball history. He was an outfielder with the Brooklyn Dodgers/Superbas/Robins (1912-1917); Pittsburgh Pirates (1918-1919); Philadelphia Phillies (1920-1921); New York Giants (1921-1923); and Boston Braves (1924-1925), batting .284 with 60 home runs and 535 runs batted in in 1,277 games. He played in the World Series of 1916, 1922, and 1923, with the highlight probably being the first game of the 1923 World Series, when he hit an inside-the-park home run in the top of the 9th inning to give the Giants a 1-0 win over the New York Yankees in the first World Series game ever played at Yankee Stadium. As a manager, Mr. Stengel acquired the nickname "The Old Perfessor;" he managed the Dodgers (1934-1936) and Boston Bees and Braves (1938-1943) without success, but led the Milwaukee Brewers to the American Association pennant in 1944 and accomplished the same thing with the Oakland Oaks of the Pacific Coast League in 1948. He was then hired to manage the New York Yankees, and led them to 10 pennants and 7 World Series championships in 12 seasons from 1949-1960, including a record 5 straight World Series victories from 1949-1953. Mr. Stengel managed the expansion New York Mets from 1962-1965, but the untalented team posted the worst record in the major leagues every season, and he announced his retirement late in August 1965, a month after breaking his hip in a fall. Mr. Stengel retired with a major league managerial record of 1,905 wins and 1,842 losses in 25 seasons. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1966, and died on September 29, 1975 at the age of 85.

Britannica
Florence Nightingale, the nurse who achieved fame for her work in the Crimean War (1853-1856), made a recording which is currently in the collection of the BBC Sound Archive.

120 years ago
1900

Died on this date
Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, 54. U.K. royal family member. Prince Alfred was the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. He was a Royal Navy officer, highly regarded as a commander-in-chief, and rising to the rank of Admiral of the Fleet. Prince Alfred was offered the Greek crown upon the abdication of King Otto in 1862, but Queen Victoria opposed the idea, and the British government blocked the plans. Prince Alfred sailed around the world in 1867-1868, and spent five months in Australia, where he survived an assassination attempt, although he was wounded. He married Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia in 1874; the marriage was reportedly unhappy, but resulted in six children. Prince Alfred was created Duke of Edinburgh in 1866, but took his later title in 1893 upon the death of his uncle Ernest II. Prince Alfred was an enthusiastic, if untalented, violinist, and played a prominent role in the establishment of the Royal College of Music. He died of throat cancer, a week before his 56th birthday.

110 years ago
1910

Baseball
The Cleveland Naps purchased outfielder Shoeless Joe Jackson from the New Orleans Pelicans of the Class A Southern Association for $5,000. He joined the Naps after the Pelicans' season ended.

100 years ago
1920

At the movies
The Penalty, directed by Wallace Worsley, and starring Lon Chaney, Charles Clary, Doris Pawn, and James P. Mason, received its premiere screening in Redondo, California.



Born on this date
Walter Schuck. German military aviator. Oberleutnant Schuck served in the Luftwaffe from 1937-1945, claiming 206 enemy aircraft shot down in over 500 combat missions. He died on March 27, 2015 at the age of 94.

Baseball
Every New York starter had at least 1 hit as they Yankees whipped the St. Louis Browns 19-3 at Sportsman’s Park in St. Louis. Babe Ruth and Bob Meusel contributed home runs, and Wally Pipp added 2 triples, a double, and a single in support of the pitching of Carl Mays (16-7), who pitched an 11-hit complete game.

The Cleveland Indians scored 3 runs in the 2nd inning and 5 in the 5th as they beat the Boston Red Sox 13-4 at Dunn Field in Cleveland. Ray Caldwell (13-6) pitched a 9-hit complete game victory.

Eddie Collins led off the bottom of the 10th inning with a single, advanced to second base on a sacrifice bunt by Buck Weaver, and scored on a double by Amos Strunk to give the Chicago White Sox a 6-5 win over the Philadelphia Athletics at Comiskey Park in Chicago. Red Faber (15-6) allowed 11 hits and 3 earned runs in a complete game win over Rollie Naylor (6-17), who allowed 12 hits and 6 earned runs.

Lee King scored Dave Bancroft with a sacrifice fly to climax a 2-run rally in the bottom of the 9th inning, giving the New York Giants a 7-6 win over the St. Louis Cardinals before 10,000 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York. The Cardinal had taken a 6-5 lead on a 2-run home run by pinch hitter Austin McHenry with 1 out in the top of the 9th.

Hod Eller (6-5) pitched a 6-hitter and batted 4 for 4 with a base on balls, double, 3 runs, and 4 runs batted in to lead the Cincinnati Reds to an 11-0 rout of the Brooklyn Robins before 8,000 fans at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn.

90 years ago
1930

Soccer
FIFA
World Cup
Final @ Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Uruguay 4 Argentina 2

Pedro Cea, Santos Iriarte, and Héctor Castro scored in the 2nd half for the Uruguayans as they came back from a 2-1 deficit to win the first World Cup championship before 68,346 fans. Pablo Dorado opened the scoring for Uruguay in the 12th minute, but Carlos Peucelle tied the score 8 minutes later, and Guillermo Stábile scored in the 37th minute to give Argentina the lead.



80 years ago
1940

On the radio



War
British Minister of Economic Warfare Hugh Dalton announced that all ships going to the European continent without navicerts would be subject to prize court action.

Diplomacy
Foreign ministers of the American republics at the Pan-American Consultative Conference in Havana signed the final accord dealing with economic and defense cooperation.

Politics and government
Al Smith, the Democratic Party's unsuccessful candidate for President of the United States in 1928, announced that he would support Republican nominee Wendell Willkie against incumbent President and fellow Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt in the November 1940 election.

75 years ago
1945

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Bell Bottom Trousers--Tony Pastor and his Orchestra
--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
--Louis Prima and his Orchestra
--Jerry Colonna
2 Sentimental Journey--Les Brown and his Orchestra (vocal chorus by Doris Day)
--Hal McIntyre and his Orchestra
--The Merry Macs
3 You Belong to My Heart--Bing Crosby and Xavier Cugat and his Orchestra
--Charlie Spivak and his Orchestra
4 There! I've Said it Again--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra (vocal refrain by Vaughn Monroe and the Norton Sisters)
--Jimmy Dorsey and his Orchestra
5 Caldonia--Louis Jordan and the Tympany Five
--Woody Herman and his Orchestra
--Erskine Hawkins and his Orchestra
6 On the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe--Johnny Mercer and the Pied Pipers with Paul Weston and his Orchestra
--Bing Crosby
--Tommy Dorsey and his Orchestra
7 Chopin's Polonaise--Carmen Cavallaro and his Orchestra
8 Dream--The Pied Pipers
--Frank Sinatra
--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra
9 Gotta Be This or That--Benny Goodman and his Orchestra
--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
10 Laura--Johnnie Johnston
--Woody Herman and his Orchestra
--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra
--Dick Haymes

Singles entering the chart were Tampico by Stan Kenton and his Orchestra (#19); June is Bustin' Out All Over by Hildegarde with Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians (#20); I'll Buy that Dream, with versions by Helen Forrest and Dick Haymes; and Harry James and his Orchestra (#21); I Got Rhythm by Ethel Smith (#26); I'd Rather Be Me by Bing Crosby (#27); and Fuzzy Wuzzy by the Milt Herth Trio and the Jesters (#28).

War
A group of 4,500 soldiers returned to Canada from fighting in Europe, arriving at Quebec City. The United States Navy cruiser USS Indianapolis, which had just delivered key components of the Hiroshima atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian, was torpedoed by Japanese submarine I-58. Only 316 out of 1,196 men survived the sinking and shark-infested waters.

Diplomacy
U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairmen Tom Connally (Democrat--Texas) and Arthur Vandenberg (Republican--Michigan) disagreed as to whether the President could act alone in appointing the U.S. delegate to the United Nations Security Council.

Politics and government
Chinese Premier T.V. Soong relinquished his post as Foreign Minister and was named vice-chairman of the joint administration office of the four government banks.

Defense
The U.S. Office of Defense Transportation announced that the 1,700 siezed Chicago truck lines would be returned to their owners on August 1, 1945.

Golf
Byron Nelson won the All American Tournament in Chicago.

70 years ago
1950

Died on this date
Guilhermina Suggia, 65. Portuguese musician. Miss Suggia was a classical cellist who performed internationally for more than 30 years. She died of cancer.

Protest
At the height of the political crisis known as the Royal Question, four workers were shot dead by the Belgian Gendarmerie at a strike in Grâce-Berleur.

Medicine
The International Congress of Radiology, meeting in London, heard reports that X-rays more powerful than those previously used had reduced many cancers in size.

Baseball
The St. Louis Cardinals traded outfielder Johny Lindell to the Brooklyn Dodgers for minor league pitcher Glen Moulder. Mr. Lindell, who had started the season with the New York Yankees, was batting .186 with 5 home runs and 16 runs batted in in 36 games with St. Louis, and .200 in 5 games with the Columbus Red Birds of the American Association. He was assigned to the Hollywood Stars of the Pacific Coast League. Mr. Moulder was 7-8 with a 4.50 earned run average in 23 games with the Stars, and was assigned to the Red Birds.

Del Ennis hit his second grand slam in three days to lead the Philadelphia Phillies to a 10-0 win over the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first game of a doubleheader before 21,411 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia, and added a 2-run homer as the Phillies scored all their runs in the bottom of the 8th inning to complete the sweep with a 4-2 win in the second game.

Vern Bickford (12-7) pitched a 4-hitter to outduel Ken Raffensberger (9-12), who allowed 8 hits, as the Boston Braves beat the Cincinnati Reds 4-2 in the first game of a doubleheader before 16,562 fans at Braves Field. Sid Gordon batted 4 for 5 with a home run, 2 doubles, 2 runs, and 3 runs batted in to lead the Braves to a 10-0 win in the second game to complete the sweep. Johnny Antonelli (1-1) pitched a 5-hitter and batted 2 for 4 with a run. Hobie Landrith made his major league debut as the Cincinnati catcher in the first game, batting 1 for 4 with a run batted in, making 4 putouts and an assist.

The Detroit Tigers scored 8 runs in the 5th inning as they came back from a 7-2 deficit to defeat the Philadelphia Athletics 12-10 before 23,146 fans at Briggs Stadium in Detroit. Fred Hutchinson (11-6), the third of four Detroit pitchers, allowed 7 hits and 3 runs--all earned--in 5 innings to get the win, batting 1 for 3 with a double, base on balls, 2 runs, and a run batted in.

With 2 out and none on base in the bottom of the 10th inning, Dale Mitchell singled, advanced to second on a base on balls to Lou Boudreau, and scored when he beat pitcher Joe Dobson's throw to home plate on a ground ball by Larry Doby, giving the Cleveland Indians a 6-5 win over the Boston Red Sox in the first game of a doubleheader before 71,513 fans at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland. Walt Dropo hit a 2-run home run and Bobby Doerr followed with a homer as the Red Sox broke a 0-0 tie in the top of the 6th inning and went on to win the second game 6-3. Mr. Mitchell hit his first homer of the season in the 8th inning of the second game.

Joe DiMaggio and Yogi Berra both hit home runs in each game to help the New York Yankees sweep a doubleheader from the Chicago White Sox 15-7 and 4-3 before 29,925 fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago, with the second game called after 8 innings because of darkness. Chicago left fielder Gus Zernial hit 2 solo home runs in the first game and a 2-run homer in the second game.

Sam Mele hit a home run in each game to help the Washington Nationals sweep a doubleheader from the St. Louis Browns 9-5 and 13-8 before 6,222 fans at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. The Nationals scored 3 runs in the 7th inning and 8 in the 9th as they came back from a 6-2 deficit to win the second game. St. Louis first baseman Don Lenhardt also homered in both games.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Everybody’s Somebody’s Fool--Connie Francis (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: Il nostro concerto--Umberto Bindi

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Milord--Dalida (5th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Please Don't Tease--Cliff Richard and the Shadows

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 I'm Sorry--Brenda Lee (2nd week at #1)
2 Only the Lonely (Know How I Feel)--Roy Orbison
3 Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polkadot Bikini--Brian Hyland
4 Alley-Oop--The Hollywood Argyles
--Dante and the Evergreens
5 Mule Skinner Blues--The Fendermen
6 Tell Laura I Love Her--Ray Peterson
7 Everybody’s Somebody’s Fool--Connie Francis
8 It's Now or Never--Elvis Presley
9 Because They're Young--Duane Eddy and the Rebels
10 Please Help Me, I'm Falling--Hank Locklin

Singles entering the chart were Volare by Bobby Rydell (#41); Cool Water (#57)/It Only Happened Yesterday (#74) by Jack Scott; Happy Shades of Blue by Freddy Cannon (#71); Little Bitty Pretty One by Frankie Lymon (#72); Never on Sunday by Don Costa & his Orchestra & Chorus (#76); Ta Ta by Clyde McPhatter (#78); Night Train by the Viscounts (#85); Tell the Truth by Ray Charles (#94); Partin' Time by B.B. King (#100); I Need You So by Ted Taylor (also #100); and We Go Together by Jan & Dean (also #100). Never on Sunday was a version of the title theme from the movie.

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 It's Now or Never--Elvis Presley
2 The Blamers--Les Vogt
3 Only the Lonely (Know How I Feel)--Roy Orbison
4 Walk - Don't Run--The Ventures
5 No--Dodie Stevens
6 Dreamin'--Johnny Burnette
7 Pineapple Princess--Annette with the Afterbeats
8 Feel So Fine--Johnny Preston
9 Trouble in Paradise--The Crests
10 The Twist--Chubby Checker

Singles entering the chart were Yogi by the Ivy Three (#17); Reuben's Nightmare by Johnny Zorro (#24); Volare by Bobby Rydell (#33); Indoor Sport by Sandy Stewart (#41); Storm Clouds by Buddy Knox (#42); Pardon Me by Billy Bland (#45); Honest I Do by the Innocents (#46); Lisa by Jeanne Black (#47); Vaquero (Cowboy) by the Fireballs (#48); and Theme from Adventures in Paradise by Jerry Byrd (#50). Vaquero (Cowboy) was the other side of Long Long Ponytail, charting at #38.

50 years ago
1970

Died on this date
George Szell, 73. U.S. orchestra conductor. Mr. Szell was music director of the Cleveland Orchestra for 24 years, building the orchestra into one of the world's best. Mr. Szell's specialty was the Austro-German school of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, and Mahler. Mr. Szell and the Cleveland Orchestra made many recordings, and weekly broadcasts of their performances were a staple on radio (e.g., CKUA in Edmonton carried their broadcasts every Monday night for many years).

Defense
The United States Defense Department disclosed that the Soviets had again tested their orbital nuclear strike missile two days earlier in a 90-minute flight that took the giant rocket over the southern tip of Latin America and nearly girdled the globe. The Pentagon spokesman said that tests of the fractional orbital bombardment system was further "evidence of the continuing momentum of the Soviet development and test program for strategic weapons." The Department believed that the weapon, being developed for possible attacks on bomber bases, had no counterpart in the United States.

Labour
Subway workers in Madrid ended a one-day strike, choosing to go back to work rather than face mobilization into the army. Officers of the official trade union organization promised to study the workers’ demands with new sympathy once they returned to work.

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (Hot Press): Xanadu--Olivia Newton John/Electric Light Orchestra

World events
The Israeli Knesset voted 69-15 to pass the Jerusalem Law, affirming all of Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and rebuffing Arab claims to East Jerusalem. The legislation did not alter the city’s de facto status. Observers feared that the Israeli action would make it more difficult to resume the deadlocked negotiations between Israel and Egypt on the issue of self-rule for the Palestinians in the occupied West Bank and Gaza.

Oceanatica
The Republic of Vanuatu, formerly known as the New Hebrides, gained its independence from France and Great Britain.

Scandal
U.S. President Jimmy Carter admitted that he had discussed with his brother Billy classified State Department cables on Billy’s first trip to Libya in September 1978. The cables were from the U.S. embassy in Libya and had a low-level classification. The cables said that Billy had agreed not to make any political comments during the trip and had rated the impact of the visit favourably.

Economics and finance
The United States Commerce Department reported that the index of leading economic indicators had risen 2.5% in June, the biggest monthly increase since June 1975.

Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (1-3) 19 @ Hamilton (1-2) 18
British Columbia (2-1) 21 @ Edmonton (3-0) 33

The Roughriders won their first road game in 2 years despite being unable to score an offensive touchdown. Their only major score came on a 55-yard interception return by linebacker Bill Manchuk. Bob Macoritti converted and added 3 field goals and 3 singles. Hamilton’s only touchdown came on a 57-yard pass from Dave Marler to John Holland in the 3rd quarter. Bernie Ruoff converted and added 2 field goals and a single, while the Roughriders conceded 2 safety touches late in the game. The Tiger-Cats, trailing 19-16, still had a chance to win or tie, but Steve Dennis made his second interception of the game on the Saskatchewan goal line with 50 seconds remaining, disappointing most of the 22,398 fans at Ivor Wynne Stadium.

The usual sellout crowd of 42,778 at Commonwealth Stadium saw Brian Kelly catch 7 passes for 233 yards and 2 touchdowns to lead the Eskimo attack. The big play was an 89-yard bomb to Mr. Kelly from Warren Moon on the first play of the second half. Mr. Kelly was picking on Leon Bright, who had been moved to cornerback at the start of the season by Lions’ head coach Vic Rapp from his usual wide receiver position. Mr. Bright did get the better of Mr. Kelly on one play when he returned an interception 59 yards for a touchdown in the 4th quarter to cut the Eskimos’ lead to 26-21. Jim Germany rushed 12 times for 38 yards and 2 Edmonton touchdowns, while catching 4 passes for 41 yards. The other B.C. touchdown came on a pass from Joe Paopao to Harry Holt on the last play of the 3rd quarter. The game marked the regular season debut of Edmonton defensive lineman James Parker, who had been cut at the end of the pre-season in favour of NFL veteran Jeff Lloyd.



Baseball
Houston Astros’ ace pitcher J.R. Richard’s major league career came to a tragic end when he suffered a stroke while practicing in the Astrodome. Emergency surgery removed a life-threatening blood clot in his neck. Mr. Richard had left a number of games early in 1980, complaining of a dead arm, and it was widely suspected that he was malingering. He tried pitching in the minor leagues in subsequent years, but was never again able to pitch in the majors.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Dear Friend--Akina Nakamori

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Verdammt, Ich Lieb' Dich--Matthias Reim (11th week at #1)

Died on this date
Ian Gow, 53. U.K. politician. Mr. Gow, the Member of Parliament for Eastbourne since 1974, former cabinet minister, and close adviser and friend to Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, was killed at his home in Hankham, East Sussex, when a bomb blew up his car. Mr. Gow had been a frequent critic of the Irish Republican Army.

World events
At least 200 civilians, and possibly many more, were killed when Liberian government troops stormed a Lutheran church in Monrovia.

Protest
Quebec Superior Court Judge John Gomery denied Mohawks a temporary injunction to remove police roadblocks at the Oka reserve, ruling that the roadblocks were justified because the Mohawks were breaking the law.

Defense
Goose Bay Newfoundland - US announces it will withdraw planes and troops from Canadian Forces Base Goose Bay Labrador by following July; may cost 237 jobs and $25 million in economic benefits; after 48 years on the base.

Economics and finance
In testimony before a U.S. House of Representatives committee, Resolution Trust Corporation Chairman William Seidman and U.S. Treasury Secretary Robert Glauber said that RTC would need up to $100 billion in fiscal 1991 to continue the savings and loan bailout effort. This was twice the amount of money previously allocated for the rescue operation. A slump in real estate values and a higher failure rate among thrift institutions were blamed for the need for more money.

Business
Victor Rice announced that Varity Corporation--formerly Massey-Ferguson--would reincorporate in Buffalo, New York.

Scandal
Baseball Commissioner Fay Vincent banned New York Yankees’ owner George Steinbrenner for life from day-to-day operation of the team, and ordered him to resign as the club’s general partner by August 20. The ruling resulted from Mr. Steinbrenner’s payment of $40,000 to known gambler Howie Spira to obtain damaging information about outfielder Dave Winfield. When the announcement was flashed on the Yankee Stadium scoreboard, fans reacted with a 90-second standing ovation.



Baseball
In the game that featured the announcement and ovation for the banishment of New York Yankees' owner George Steinbrenner, the Yankees defeated the Detroit Tigers 6-2 before 24,037 fans at Yankee Stadium. Rookie center fielder Oscar Azocar led the Yankees, batting 3 for 4 with a home run, 3 runs, 2 runs batted in, and a stolen base. Dave LaPoint pitched a 6-hit complete game victory. Cecil Fielder hit his 33rd homer of the season for Detroit.

The Atlanta Braves edged the San Diego Padres 4-3 in 11 innings before 18,076 fans at San Diego-Jack Murphy Stadium despite surrendering Jack Clark’s 300th career major league home run, which had tied the game with 2 out in the bottom of the 10th inning. Oddibe McDowell led off the top of the 11th with a home run off Calvin Schiraldi for the winning run.

25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: How Deep is Your Love--Portrait (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): Wish You were Here--Rednex (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Wish You were Here--Rednex (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Dub-I-Dub--Me & My

War
Six weeks of peace talks, overseen by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, concluded with an agreement to end fighting between the forces of Russia and the breakaway republic of Chechnya.

Business
Moore Corporation launched a hostile U.S. $1.3-billion takeover bid for high-technology competitor Wallace Computer Services Inc.

Football
CFL
San Antonio (3-3) 36 @ Saskatchewan (0-5) 15

David Archer threw touchdown passes of 75 yards to Myron Wise and 6 yards to Joe Kralik as the Texans built a 29-3 halftime lead and coasted to victory over the Roughriders before 22,215 fans at Taylor Field in Regina. Mike Saunders rushed 7 yards for the other San Antonio TD late in the game. Roman Anderson added 3 converts and 5 field goals. Quarterback Warren Jones scored the only Saskatchewan touchdown on a 20-yard rush in the 4th quarter, followed by a 2-point convert pass to Darren Joseph.

20 years ago
2000

Politics and government
Hugo Chavez was re-elected President of Venezuela with 59% of the vote. He said he would seek to initiate reforms and turn around the sagging economy. In elections to the new unicameral National Assembly, Mr. Chavez's coalition fell short of the two-thirds majority that would have allowed him to promulgate new laws virtually without debate.

U.S. Senator John McCain of Arizona, the main challenger to Texas Governor George W. Bush for the Republican Party presidential nomination, freed his delegates to support Mr. Bush, a day before the opening of the Republican National Convention in Philadelphia.

Baseball
Tom Glavine (13-5) allowed 7 hits and 3 earned runs in 8 innings to get his 200th career major league win as the Atlanta Braves defeated the Houston Astros 6-3 before 40,613 fans at Turner Field in Atlanta.

Phil Nevin batted 3 for 5 with 2 runs and 4 runs batted in, hitting a solo home run with 1 out in the top of the 9th inning to break an 8-8 tie as the San Diego Padres came back from an 8-3 deficit to defeat the Pittsburgh Pirates 9-8 before 19,680 fans at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh.

Russ Johnson led off the top of the 10th inning with a single, stole second base, and scored on a 2-out single by Gerald Williams to break a 6-6 tie as the Tampa Bay Devil Rays defeated the Kansas City Royals 7-6 before 16,612 fans at Kauffman Stadium in Kansas City.

The Chicago White Sox scored 2 runs in the 8th inning, 3 in the 9th, and 4 in the 10th as they came back from a 6-2 deficit and defeated the Anaheim Angels 11-7 before 27,538 fans at Edison International Field of Anaheim.

10 years ago
2010

Football
CFL
British Columbia (1-4) 25 @ Edmonton (1-4) 28

July 29, 2020

990 years ago
1030

Died on this date
Olaf II, 34 or 35. King of Norway, 1015-1028. Olaf II was the son of Harald Grenske, a petty king in Vestfold, Norway, and declared himself king, obtaining the support of the five petty kings of the Norwegian Uplands. He ran afoul of the nobility, who supported the invasion of King Cnut the Great of Denmark. Olaf II attempted to win back his kingdom, but was killed in the Battle of Stiklestad. He was canonized in 1031, and is regarded as the patron saint of Norway.

War
A "peasant army" loyal to King Cnut the Great defeated forces of exiled King Olaf II in the Battle of Stiklestad, resulting in the death of King Olaf.

200 years ago
1820

Born on this date
Clement Vallandigham. U.S. politician. Mr. Vallandigham, a Democrat, represented Columbiana County in the Ohio House of Representatives (1845-1847) and Ohio's 3rd District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1858-1863). He was a leader of the Copperhead faction of Democrats who opposed the American Civil War, and was convicted by a court martial of violating General Order 38, Union Army General Ambrose Burnside's order making it illegal to criticize the war from within the Department of the Ohio. U.S. President Abraham Lincoln ordered Mr. Vallandigham deported to the Confederacy; he went to North Carolina and then Virginia, but fled on a blockade runner to Bermuda and then to Windsor, Canada West, whence he campaigned unsuccessfully in absentia as the Deomcratic Party candidate for Governor of Ohio. Mr. Vallandigham sneaked back into Virginia in June 1864, but President Lincoln declined to take action against him. He resumed the practice of law, and died on June 17, 1871 at the age of 50, the day after accidentally shooting himself in the abdomen while defending a client accused of murder. Mr. Vallandigham was in a hotel room demonstrating to fellow defense attorneys how he intended to show the jury how the deceased in the case could have accidentally shot himself, when the pistol he was using and which he erroneously believed to be unloaded snagged on his pants and discharged. Doctors were unable to locate the pistol ball, thought to have lodged in the vicinity of his bladder, and he died of peritonitis.

190 years ago
1830

World events
The July Revolution concluded in France with the establishment of a provisional government. King Charles X abdicated four days later, paving the way for the transition to a constitutional monarchy.

160 years ago
1860

Born on this date
Charles Cochrane-Baillie, 2nd Baron Lamington. U.K. politician. Lord Lamington was Governor of Queensland from 1896-1901 and Governor of Bombay from 1903-1907. He died on September 16, 1940 at the age of 80.

130 years ago
1890

Died on this date
Vincent Van Gogh, 37. Dutch artist. Mr. Van Gogh, who epitomized the stereotype of the "mad artist," died in France two days after shooting himself, having sold just one painting in his lifetime.

120 years ago
1900

Born on this date
Don Redman. U.S. musician. Mr. Redman was a jazz clarinetist, saxophonist, pianist, composer and arranger who performed with various bands and also led his own band in a career spanning more than 40 years until his death on November 30, 1964 at the age of 64..

Eyvind Johnson. Swedish author. Mr. Johnson was a novelist and short story writer who was awarded a share of the 1974 Nobel Prize in Literature "for a narrative art, farseeing in lands and ages, in the service of freedom." He died on August 25, 1976, 27 days after his 76th birthday.

Died on this date
Umberto I, 56. King of Italy, 1878-1900. Umberto I acceded to the throne upon the death of his father Vittorio Emanuele II, and survived an assassination attempt by an anarchist 10 months later. He approved the Triple Alliance with the German Empire and Austria-Hungary in 1882, and presided over a small colonial empire in Africa, although Italy suffered the embarrassment of losing a colonial war to Abyssinian forces in 1896. King Umberto was hated by leftists because of his conservatism, which included his support of General Fiorenzo Bava Beccaris's killing of 80 protesters in a food riot in 1898. King Umberto I was assassinated by anarchist Gaetano Bresci, and was succeeded by his son Vittorio Emanuele III.

Labour
With no Sunday games being played, 100 major league baseball players gathered in New York City. Their demands were: release of players who were not going to be used rather than farming them out; and players to share in the purchase price when they were sold. Said veteran Hughie Jennings‚ "We are not out to fight the owners‚ but to resolve injustices in the contracts."

110 years ago
1910

Born on this date
Gale Page. U.S. actress. Miss Page, born Sally Perkins Rutter, acted and sang in several radio programs, and appeared in 16 movies, including Four Daughters (1938) and its sequels, Four Wives (1939); and Four Mothers (1941). She died of lung cancer on January 8, 1983 at the age of 72.

80 years ago
1940

War
Chinese sources admitted that Japanese coastal activity off Fukien and Kwangtung was effectively blockading those regions.

World events
Cairo reported that German agents were attempting to instigate a coup d'etat to dethrone King Mohammed Zahir Shah of Afghanistan.

Diplomacy
Spain and Portugal signed a protocol pledging neutral consultation in case of war threats.

Defense
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt asked Congress for authority to call up the National Guard for extensive training. A Gallup Poll reported that 67% of the American people favoured universal military training, a 3% increase in the last month.

Politics and government
Republican Party presidential candidate Wendell Willkie claimed that the 1940 U.S. presidential election would create political realignment centring around acceptance or rejection of President Roosevelt's New Deal economic policies.

75 years ago
1945

Radio
The BBC Light Programme station was launched for mainstream light entertainment and music.

War
Japanese Prime Minister Kantaro Suzuki said that the Imperial government would take no notice of the Potsdam ultimatum warning Japan to surrender, claiming that it was no different from previous Allied statements.

World events
Colonel Osmin Aguirre y Salinas was reportedly being held in El Salvador as the leader of a plot to overthrow the government.

Diplomacy
U.S. President Harry Truman said that he was opposed to sending the wives and families of U.S. occupation troops to Germany because he didn't want Americans to settle in Europe.

Science
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Medal was awarded to Dr. William Durand for his work in hydro-dynamic and aerodynamic science, particularly in the area of jet propulsion.

70 years ago
1950

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Music! Music! Music!--Donald Peers; Freddy Martin and his Orchestra; Teresa Brewer (6th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Mona Lisa--Nat "King" Cole (Best Seller--3rd week at #1; Disc Jockey--4th week at #1; Jukebox--2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Bewitched--Bill Snyder and his Orchestra (4th week at #1)
--Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra
--Doris Day
--Larry Green and his Orchestra
--Jan August & Jerry Murad’s Harmonicats
2 I Wanna Be Loved--The Andrews Sisters
--Billy Eckstine
3 Mona Lisa--Nat "King" Cole
--Victor Young and his Orchestra (Don Cherry, vocal)
--Art Lund
4 "The Third Man" Theme--Anton Karas
--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians
5 Hoop-Dee-Doo--Perry Como
--Kay Starr
--Doris Day
6 Sentimental Me--The Ames Brothers
--Russ Morgan and his Orchestra
--Ray Anthony and his Orchestra
7 My Foolish Heart--Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra
--Billy Eckstine
--Mindy Carson
8 Tzena Tzena Tzena--Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra and the Weavers
--Mitch Miller and his Orchestra
--Vic Damone
9 The Old Piano Roll Blues--Hoagy Carmichael and Cass Daley
--Lawrence "Piano Roll" Cook
10 Count Every Star--Hugo Winterhalter and his Orchestra
--Ray Anthony and his Orchestra
--Dick Haymes and Artie Shaw

Singles entering the chart were At Sundown by the Frank Petty Trio (#31); Happy Feet, with versions by Dean Martin; and Roy Ross and his Orchestra (#39); and The Phantom Stage Coach by Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra (#40).

Died on this date
Joe Fry, 34. U.K. auto racing driver. Mr. Fry set numerous hill climb records in his "Freikaiserwagen" from the late 1930s until his death in a crash while practicing for the Blandford hill climb.

Space
10 days after its launch was aborted because of a buildup of moisture, the U.S. sounding rocket Bumper 7 was launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida.



War
U.S. forces concluded a four-day massacre of hundreds of civilians through shootings and air attacks near the village of Nogeun-ri, sparked by fears that North Korean soldiers were infiltrating South Korean refugee columns. General Walton Walker, commander of U.S. troops in Korea, issued "stand and fight" orders, forbidding retreat from the southeastern corner of the peninsula.

Defense
200 aircraft manufacturers received orders from the U.S. Air Force to start production of aircraft and parts costing $4 billion.

Law
The Syrian Constituent Assembly approved a draft constitution making Syrian law subject to Muslim jurisprudence.

Crime
The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation arrested Abraham Brothman and his business associate, Miriam Moskowitz, in Cliffwood, New Jersey, charging that they were members of the Klaus Fuchs-Harry Gold Soviet spy ring.

Protest
The New York Herald Tribune reported that Communists aligned with the Guatemalan government had called out labour "action squads" to fight anti-government demonstrators, causing 34 deaths during the recent three-day general strike.

Environment
Fundy National Park was officially opened to the public. Selected as the location for New Brunswick's first national park in 1948, this initiative was intended to stimulate the region’s economy and preserve the area's natural beauty.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Please Don't Tease--Cliff Richard and the Shadows (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Hasan Saka, 74 (?). Prime Minister of Turkey, 1947-1949. Mr. Saka, a member of the Republican People's Party, was a member of the Grand National Assembly (1921-1954), whose cabinet posts included Foreign Minister (1944-1947). He and the rest of the cabinet resigned on September 9, 1947, but he took office as Prime Minister the next day. Mr. Saka resigned as Prime Minister in 1949, and retired from politics in 1954.

Space
Mercury-Atlas 1, carrying an unmanned spacecraft, lifted off from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The rocket blew up just 58 seconds into the flight; the capsule and portions of the rocket were recovered from the ocean floor for further study.



Football
CFL
Pre-season
British Columbia (1-1-1) 7 Winnipeg (1-0) 13 @ Cedar Rapids, Iowa

Attendance was 12,583.

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Lola--The Kinks

Died on this date
John Barbirolli, 70. U.K. orchestra conductor. Sir John was a cellist who began conducting in the 1920s. He was the music director of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra (1936-1943) and chief conductor of the Houston Symphony Orchestra (1961-1967), but was best known as the conductor of the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester from 1943 until his death from a heart attack. He was particularly known for his association with the music of English composers.

Society
In what was believed to be the first decision of its kind in the United States, a federal judge ordered seven Alabama state agencies to end discrimination against Negro job applicants.

Labour
Leaders of striking British dock workers, overcoming opposition from dockers in London, Liverpool, and Southampton, voted to end their two-week-old strike shortly and accept a raise of up to $6 (U.S.) per week and other increases, as an "interim measure."

After five years of strikes and a nationwide boycott, Cesar Chavez, head of the AFL-CIO’s United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), signed contracts with 26 major grape growers in Delano, California, bringing ¾ of the state’s grape production under AFL-CIO agreements. His victory was marred by competition from the Teamsters, who were organizing field hands and had signed 49 of 60 growers of vegetable crops in the Santa Maria area, south of Salinas. Mr. Chavez charged that the Teamsters were violating a pledge to recognize the jurisdiction of UFWOC for both small fruits and vegetables. His union filed suit against the Teamsters and growers involved, contending that the Teamsters pacts interfered with the farm workers’ rights to choose their own union representatives.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (1-0) 17 @ Ottawa (0-1) 15
Winnipeg (0-1) 10 @ Calgary (1-0) 34

Willie Bethea and Bill Starr scored touchdowns for the Tiger-Cats in their win over the Rough Riders before 23,094 fans at Lansdowne Park; neither player ever scored again. It was the first regular season game for Jack Gotta as head coach of the defending Grey Cup champion Rough Riders.

19,436 were at McMahon Stadium to see the Stampeders defeat the Blue Bombers in the regular season debut for Jim Spavital as Winnipeg’s head coach. Blue Bomber linebacker Phil Minnick, who had missed 12 games in the previous two seasons with knee injuries, suffered another serious knee injury in the 2nd quarter, and didn’t play again for two years.

40 years ago
1980

World events
A state funeral for the former Shah of Iran was held in Cairo. The only prominent foreigners to attend were former U.S. President Richard Nixon and former King Constantine of Greece. A spokesman for Iranian President Abolhassan Bani-Sadr said that the death of the shah would have no effect on the fate of the 52 American hostages still being held at the U.S. embassy in Tehran. "Since the shah’s death was predictable, it won’t change anything," said another Iranian official.

Asiatica
Iran adopted a new "holy" flag after the Islamic Revolution.

Diplomacy
The United Nations General Assembly approved an Arab-sponsored resolution calling for the establishment of a Palestinian state and Israeli withdrawal from all of the occupied lands, including East Jerusalem, by November 15.

Medicine
Dr. Henry Kaplan and Dr. Lennart Olsson announced that they had produced a pure hybrid cell line that made pure human antibodies like "tiny little factories." The development could lead to the production of antibodies to help diagnose and treat a number of diseases. The researchers at Stanford University Medical School fused bone marrow cancer cells with specially prepared human spleen cells to make the antibody-producing cells. Previously, researchers had succeeded in artificially producing only pure mouse antibodies, which the human body naturally fights against.

Protest
Three days of racial violence began in Orlando, Florida.

Economics and finance
Ford Motor Company reported a record $467.9-million loss for the second quarter of 1980.

Disasters
A collision between the U.S. aircraft carrier U.S.S. Midway and the Panamanian-registered merchant ship Cactus in a passage between Palawan Island in the Philippines and North Borneo killed two U.S. sailors and injured three others.

Football
CFL
Toronto (3-1) 18 @ Ottawa (2-2) 10
Calgary (2-2) 18 @ Winnipeg (1-3) 35

Mark Jackson threw a touchdown pass to Dave Newman, and Greg Hatton returned an interception for another touchdown as the Argonauts built up an 18-0 lead before 28,742 at Lansdowne Park. Starting Ottawa quarterback Condredge Holloway left the game in the 2nd quarter after being knocked senseless by Toronto defensive end Jim Corrigall. The Rough Riders scored 10 points in the last 5:31 of the game when backup quarterback Charlie Weatherbie handed off to Richard Crump for a 1-yard touchdown run and a 2-point convert. Mr. Jackson was tackled in his own end zone for a safety touch with 13 seconds remaining.

Dieter Brock completed 18 of 21 passes for 238 yards and a touchdown to Robert Woods while rushing for 2 touchdowns on quarterback sneaks in front of a Winnipeg Stadium crowd of 20,774. William Miller rushed 21 times for 89 yards and a touchdown for the Blue Bombers. Ken Johnson threw to Willie Armstead for one Stampeder touchdown and handed off to James Sykes for the other.





30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): U Can't Touch This/Dancin' Machine--MC Hammer (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Verdammt - ich lieb' dich--Matthias Reim (4th week at #1)

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 Verdammt - ich lieb' dich--Matthias Reim (3rd week at #1)
2 I Promised Myself--Nick Kamen
3 Insieme: 1992--Toto Cutugno
4 Ooops Up--Snap!
5 I Can't Stand It!--Twenty 4 Seven featuring Capt. Hollywood
6 Alle meine Lieda--Remix-Poidl
7 Kingston Town--UB40
8 What's a Woman?--Vaya con Dios
9 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
10 Hey, Wickie--Der Schreckliche Sven & die tollkühnen Plattenreiter

Singles entering the chart were Don't Miss the Partyline by Bizz Nizz (#21); and Tränen passen nicht zu dir by Kastelruther Spatzen (#29).

Died on this date
Bruno Kreisky, 79. Chancellor of Austria, 1970-1983. Mr. Kreisky, a Jewish agnostic, was a Socialist and served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the coalition cabinets of Chancellors Julius Raab, Alfons Gorbach, and Josef Klaus from 1959-1966. The Socialists won a plurality of seats in the March 1970 elections, and Mr. Kreisky became Chancellor, becoming more powerful when the Socialists won a majority in the October 1971 elections. Under Mr. Kreisky, sodomy and abortion were decriminalized. Mr. Kreisky resigned after the Socialists lost their absolute majority in the Nationalrat in the April 1983 elections, and he declined to form a minority government.

Personal
This blogger spent the evening in the company of a certain lovely lady in High Park in Toronto.

Baseball
Scott Garrelts of the San Francisco Giants was one out away from a no-hitter when he gave up a single to Paul O’Neill. Mr. Garrelts finished with a 1-hit 4-0 win over the Cincinnati Reds before 55,792 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco. Losing pitcher Jack Armstrong pitched a complete game, allowing 8 hits and 4 earned runs.

The Boston Red Sox set an American League record with 12 doubles in a 13-3 win over the Detroit Tigers before 28,631 fans at Tiger Stadium. Wade Boggs led the Red Sox with 3 doubles.

The Toronto Blue Jays led the Texas Rangers 9-7 after 4 innings and held on to win 10-8 before 49,853 fans at SkyDome in Toronto to maintain their 1-game lead over the Red Sox atop the American League East Division.

The Milwaukee Brewers scored 3 runs--2 unearned--in the top of the 11th inning and withstood a 2-run rally to defeat the Chicago White Sox 9-8 before 33,353 fans at Comiskey Park. The White Sox made 19 hits, but also made 4 errors.

25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me, Kill Me--U2 (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Conquest of Paradise--Vangelis (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Pour que tu m'aimes encore--Céline Dion (12th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Pour que tu m'aimes encore--Céline Dion (12th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): I Wanna Be A Hippy--Technohead (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Boom Boom Boom--The Outhere Brothers (4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Waterfalls--TLC (4th week at #1)
2 One More Chance/Stay with Me--The Notorious B.I.G.
3 Don't Take it Personal (Just One of Dem Days)--Monica
4 Boombastic/In the Summertime--Shaggy/Shaggy (featuring Rayvon)
5 Kiss from a Rose--Seal
6 I Can Love You Like That--All-4-One
7 Water Runs Dry--Boyz II Men
8 Total Eclipse of the Heart--Nicki French
9 Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?--Bryan Adams
10 Run-Around--Blues Traveler

Singles entering the chart were Vow by Garbage (#97); Listen Me Tic (Woyoi) by ini Kamoze (#98); and Can't Stop My Heart from Loving You (The Rain Song) by Aaron Neville (#99).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Waterfalls--TLC (4th week at #1)
2 One More Chance/Stay with Me--The Notorious B.I.G.
3 I Can Love You Like That--All-4-One
4 Don't Take it Personal (Just One of Dem Days)--Monica
5 Someone to Love--Jon B featuring Babyface
6 Run-Around--Blues Traveler
7 Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?--Bryan Adams
8 Kiss from a Rose--Seal
9 Water Runs Dry--Boyz II Men
10 Every Little Thing I Do--Soul for Real

Singles entering the chart were I Wanna B with U by Fun Factory (#68); Warm Summer Daze by Vybe (#70); Sugar Hill by AZ (#76); and Don't Ever Touch Me (Again) by Dionne Farris (#88).

Died on this date
Les Elgart, 77. U.S. musician. Mr. Elgart was a trumpeter who performed in the bands of Raymond Scott, Charlie Spivak, and Harry James in the 1940s. He and his brother Larry, a saxophonist, formed their own band and had success recording albums of "easy listening" music in the 1950s and '60s. Les Elgart died five days before his 78th birthday.

Football
CFL
Toronto (2-3) 10 @ Memphis (3-3) 7 (OT)
Baltimore (4-1) 36 @ Birmingham (3-2) 8

Wayne Lammle's 37-yard field goal with 1 second left in the 2nd half of overtime gave the Argonauts their win over the Mad Dogs before 20,183 fans at Liberty Bowl Stadium in a game without a touchdown, in part because the dimensions of the field were smaller than those of the usual Canadian football field.



Tracy Ham threw 2 touchdown passes to Chris Armstrong and another to Shannon Culver as the Stallions routed the Barracudas before 30,729 fans at Legion Field. The only Birmingham touchdown came on a 28-yard pass from Matt Dunigan to Delius Morris in the 2nd quarter.



10 years ago
2010

Disasters
An overloaded passenger ferry capsized on the Kasai River in Bandundu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, resulting in at least 80 deaths.

Football
CFL
Toronto (3-2) 10 @ Montreal (4-1) 41

July 28, 2020

1,570 years ago
450

Died on this date
Theodosius II, 49. Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire, 402-450. Theodosius II "the Younger" was proclaimed co-Augustus by his father Arcadius, and succeeded him as sole Emperor upon Arcadius' death in 408. He promulgated the Codex Theodosianus (Theodosian law code) in 438, and was on the throne during the construction of the Theodosian Walls of Constantinople. Emperor Theodosius called councils in 431 and 449 to decide major theological disputes over the nature of Christ. He died after a riding accident, and was succeeded on the throne by Marcian.

480 years ago
1540

Died on this date
Thomas Cromwell, 55 (?). English politician and diplomat. Mr. Cromwell was King Henry VIII’s chief minister from 1532-1540, and was among the strongest supporters of making the king head of the Church of England. Mr. Cromwell supervised the suppression of monasteries, which made him very unpopular with the clergy. He negotiated King Henry’s marriage to Anne of Cleves in order to secure for Henry VIII the support of German Protestants, and when the marriage proved disastrous, Mr. Cromwell’s enemies, notably the Duke of Norfolk, used it as an opportunity to move against him. Mr. Cromwell was imprisoned in the Tower of London on June 10 and was beheaded there. His head was boiled and set upon a spike on London Bridge, facing away from the city.

Married on this date
King Henry VIII of England married his fifth wife, Catherine Howard.

375 years ago
1645

Born on this date
Marguerite Louise d'Orléans. French royal family member. Princess Marguerite Louise, the eldest child of Gaston, Duke of Orléans and grandaughter of King Henri IV, married Cosimo de' Medici in 1661 and became Grand Duchess of Tuscany when he acceded to the title of Grad Duke in 1670. Her behaviour contributed to an unhappy marriage, and the couple separated in 1675. Princess Marguerite Louise retired with a pension to a convent on the outskirts of Paris, and eventually settled down, spending her later years doing charitable works. She died on September 17, 1721 at the age of 76.

270 years ago
1750

Died on this date
Johann Sebastian Bach, 65. German composer and organist. Mr. Bach was the most prominent composer from the Baroque era; Brandenburg Concertos, Goldberg Variations, Toccata and Fugue in D Minor, and St. Matthew Passion just scratch the surface of his compositions. In his own time he was considered a great church organist, but his sons were more popular composers. He died of complications after eye surgery. It was Felix Mendelssohn’s performance of St. Matthew Passion in 1829 that did more than anything else to revive interest in Mr. Bach as a composer.

160 years ago
1860

Born on this date
Elias Ammons. U.S. politician. Mr. Ammons, a Democrat, represented Douglas County in the Colorado House of Representatives (1890-1896), serving as Speaker (1894-1896). He sat in the Colorado Senate (1898-1902), and was Governor of Colorado (1913-1915). Mr. Ammons was a staunch advocate of state sovereignty, and opposed federal control of Colorado lands. As Governor, he was best known for ordering National Guard troops into Ludlow, Colorado during a miners' strike, resulting in the fatal shooting of unarmed miners and their family members. Mr. Ammons died on May 20, 1925 at the age of 64. His son Teller also served as Governor of Colorado (1937-1939).

130 years ago
1890

Canadiana
The first electric street lighting in Trois-Rivières, Quebec began operating.

Baseball
Mickey Welch earned his 300th career major league win as the New York Giants beat the Pittsburgh Alleghenys 4-2 in front of just 147 fans at Recreation Park in Pittsburgh.

120 years ago
1900

Baseball
Pete Dowling pitched a no-hitter for the Milwaukee Brewers, walking 3 batters and striking out 4, as they shut out the Cleveland Lake Shores 5-0 in an American League game at Lloyd Street Grounds in Milwaukee. The AL was a minor league in 1900.

100 years ago
1920

Born on this date
Lea Padovani. Italian actress. Miss Padovani appeared in 60 movies, including Black Dossier (1955) and The Intruder (1956). She died on June 23, 1991 at the age of 70.

Andrew V. McLaglen. U.K.-born U.S. director. Mr. McLaglen, the son of actor Victor McLaglen, moved to Hollywood with his family as an infant. He was known for directing Western and adventure movies and made-for-television movies from the mid-1950s through the early '90s, including five films starring John Wayne, and four with James Stewart. Mr. McLaglen also directed numerous episodes of television programs, including 96 episodes of the Western series Gunsmoke (1956-1965). His theatrical films included McLintock! (1963); Shenandoah (1965); and The Devil's Brigade (1968). Mr. McLaglen died on August 30, 2014 at the age of 94.

90 years ago
1930

Died on this date
Allvar Gullstrand, 68. Swedish ophthalmologist and optician. Dr. Gullstrand was awarded the 1911 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his work on the dioptrics of the eye." He was also noted for his research on astigmatism and for improving the ophthalmoscope and corrective lenses for use after removal of a cataract from the eye.

John DeWitt, 48. U.S. athlete. Mr. DeWitt played football at Princeton University (1901-1903) as a guard, kicker, and occasionally as a fullback, earning All-American honours in his last two seasons. He also participated in discus and hammer throw, winning a silver medal in the latter at the 1904 Summer Olympic Games in St. Louis. Mr. DeWitt had a successful business career, but died suddenly aboard a train while commuting from his home in Connecticut to his office in New York City. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1952; veteran college football writer Dan Jenkins named him the winner of a retroactive Heisman Trophy for 1903.

Weather
The temperature in St. Louis was recorded as 107 F. I was travelling between Dubuque, Iowa and St. Louis on July 28, 1975, and I think the temperature may have been about the same as it was 45 years earlier.

Politics and government
The Conservatives, under the leadership of R.B. Bennett, swept to power in the Canadian federal election, taking 135 of 245 seats in the House of Commons. The Conservative total was an increase of 44 from the most recent election in 1926. The governing Liberals, under Prime Minister Mackenzie King, won 89 seats, down from 116 in 1926. 21 candidates were elected from other parties or as independents.

Baseball
George Earnshaw led off the bottom of the 12th inning with a triple and scored on a bases-loaded single by Mickey Cochrane to give the Philadelphia Athletics a 6-5 win over the New York Yankees before 10,000 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia. The Athletics trailed 5-3 until Jimmie Foxx hit a 2-run home run with 1 out in the 9th. Mr. Earnshaw (15-6) allowed 2 hits and 1 unearned run in 4 innings in relief of Rube Walberg.

Dick Porter doubled home Joe Sewell and Pete Appleton with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning to give the Cleveland Indians a 7-6 win over the Detroit Tigers before 2,000 fans at League Park in Cleveland. The Tigers led 5-2 before the Indians scored 3 runs in the 8th.

Ted Lyons doubled home Bennie Tate with the winning run to make himself the winning pitcher as the Chicago White Sox scored 2 runs in the top of the 9th inning to defeat the St. Louis Browns 6-5 before 500 fans at Sportsman’s Park in St. Louis. Mr. Lyons (16-9) allowed 14 hits and 5 earned runs in a complete game.

Bill Terry batted 4 for 4 with 2 home runs, 3 runs, and 3 runs batted in, and hit a sacrifice fly to score Hughie Critz in the bottom of the 9th inning to give the New York Giants a 5-4 win over the Philadelphia Phillies before 4,000 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York. Tiny Chaplin (1-2) pitched an 8-hit complete game, allowing 3 earned runs, to get his first major league win. Hap Collard (5-7) allowed 11 hits and 5 earned runs in a complete game.

The Chicago Cubs swept a doubleheader from the Cincinnati Reds 3-2 and 5-3 before 37,000 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Charlie Root (12-10) and Guy Bush (9-5) were the respective winning pitchers over Benny Frey (9-8) and Jakie May (2-10). The Cubs scored 4 runs in the 3rd inning of the second game; one of the runs was driven in by Hack Wilson, but Charlie Grimm was mistakenly credited with the run batted in. The correction was finally made in 1999, giving Mr. Wilson a record 191 RBIs for 1930.

80 years ago
1940

War
German planes intensified their assault on Britain. British sources interpreted this as a prelude to invasion.

Diplomacy
Japanese authorities arrested 11 British subjects on espionage charges.

Politics and government
Germany announced the partition of France into five administrative divisions.

Economics and finance
The U.S.S.R. and Afghanistan completed a commercial agreement.

Labour
The U.S. National Small Businessmen's Association asserted that U.S. Labor Secretary Frances Perkins had halted the deportation of about 700 undesirable aliens.

Baseball
Charlie Keller hit 3 home runs and Joe DiMaggio hit 2 as the New York Yankees edged the Chicago White Sox 10-9 in the first game of a doubleheader before 39,537 fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago. Messrs. Keller and DiMaggio twice hit back-to-back homers. Skeeter Webb batted 5 for 6 for the White Sox. The White Sox took the second game 8-4.

75 years ago
1945

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): On the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe--Johnny Mercer and the Pied Pipers with Paul Weston and His Orchestra (Best Seller--1st week at #1); There! I've Said it Again--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra (vocal refrain by Vaughn Monroe and the Norton Sisters) (Airplay--6th week at #1); Sentimental Journey--Les Brown and his Orchestra (vocal chorus by Doris Day) (Juke Box--7th week at #1; Honor Roll of Hits--9th week at #1)

War
U.S. planes attacked six Japanese cities that had been warned by leaflets dropped the previous night.

Diplomacy
Two days after succeeding Winston Churchill as British Prime Minister, Clement Attlee arrived in Potsdam, Germany to take his place at the Potsdam Conference.

The United States Senate, with only William Langer (Republican--North Dakota) and Henrik Shipstead (Republican--Minnesota) dissenting, voted 89-2 in favour of the United Nations Charter.

Politics and government
Dr. Jose Luis Bustamente Rivero took office as President of Peru.

The Communist Party U.S.A. formally deposed chairman and general secretary Earl Browder and named William Z. Foster as the new party leader.

World events
An Egyptian military court sentenced Mahmud Issawy to hang for the assassination of former Prime Minister Ahmed Meher Pasha.

Disasters
A U.S. Army B-25 bomber crashed into the 79th floor of the Empire State Building in New York City, killing 14 and injuring 26 (see video).







70 years ago
1950

Married on this date
U.S. actress Bette Davis married actor Gary Merrill in Juarez, Mexico, two days after he had been divorced in Los Angeles by his previous wife Barbara.

War
The Indonesian government reported that its troops had won control of Caram and Boeroe islands from South Moluccan rebels.

Diplomacy
The U.S.A. protested to Guatemalan President Juan Jose Arevalo against press and radio attacks on the United States, claiming they were Communist-inspired.

Defense
U.S. President Harry Truman asked Congress for supplemental appropriations for $600 million for stockpiling strategic and critical materials and $18 million for repair and reactivation of reserve merchant ships.

Politics and government
General Manuel Odria began a six-year term as President of Peru.

Academia
Louisiana State University denied admission to 12 Negroes.

Journalism
Japanese newspapers and radio stations began dismissing all known Communists and sympathizers.

Baseball
Larry Doby, Al Rosen, and Luke Easter hit consecutive home runs in the 8th inning for the Cleveland Indians as they whipped the Boston Red Sox 13-1 before 50,349 fans at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland. Mr. Rosen opened the scoring with a 3-run homer in the 1st, and Joe Gordon led off the bottom of the 3rd with a home run. Early Wynn (10-5) pitched a 5-hitter, and batted 1 for 4 with 2 runs and a run batted in.

Sam Chapman tripled home Elmer Valo and scored on an out by Ferris Fain as the Philadelphia Athletics scored 2 runs in the top of the 9th inning and held on to defeat the Detroit Tigers 7-6 before 37,324 fans at Briggs Stadium in Detroit. The Tigers loaded the bases with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th, but Hoot Evers grounded into a 1-2-3 double play to end the game.

Ken Wood singled home Don Lenhardt from second base with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th inning to give the St. Louis Browns a 5-4 win over the Washington Nationals before 2,952 fans at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade): Cathy's Clown--Bill and Boyd (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Please Don't Tease--Cliff Richard and the Shadows

Died on this date
Marty Kavanagh, 69. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Kavanagh was a utility infielder and outfielder with the Detroit Tigers (1914-1916, 1918); Cleveland Indians (1916-1918); and St. Louis Cardinals (1918), batting .249 with 10 home runs and 122 runs batted in in 370 games. He played 141 games in 2 seasons in the minor leagues (1913, 1918), batting .353 with 2 home runs.

Ken Landenberger, 31. U.S. baseball player and manager. Mr. Landenberger was a first baseman who batted .200 (1 for 5) with no home runs or runs batted in in 2 games with the Chicago White Sox in 1952. He played 1,389 games in 11 seasons in the minor leagues (1948-1958), batting .300 with 169 homers and at least 375 RBIs. Mr. Landenberger managed in the Cleveland Indians' minor league system from 1957-1960, and led the Selma Cloverleafs of the Class D Alabama-Florida League to a 58-57-1 record in 1960 when he was sent home to Cleveland in mid-July, and was diagnosed with acute leukemia. He died the day before his 32nd birthday, from a cerebral hemorrhage and the effects of leukemia.

Politics and government
The U.S. Republican National Convention concluded at the International Amphitheatre in Chicago. U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon delivered an address accepting the party's nomination for President in the November 1960 election, following the acceptance speech of vice presidential nominee Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr..





Business
The German Volkswagen Act came into force, regulating the privatization of Volkswagenwerk GmbH into Volkswagen AG.

Football
CFL-ORFU
Pre-season
Saskatchewan (WIFU) (1-1) 38 @ London (ORFU) (0-1) 0

3,000 were in attendance at Labatt Park to see the last game between a club from the Canadian Football League and one from the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

Baseball
The New York Yankees swept a doubleheader from the Cleveland Indians 4-0 and 9-2 before 39,812 fans at Yankee Stadium to move into first place in the American League, .003 ahead of the Chicago White Sox. Whitey Ford (7-6) allowed 4 hits in 5 innings to get the win in the first game, while Bobby Shantz allowed 3 hits in 4 innings to get the save. Tony Kubek, Mickey Mantle, and Clete Boyer hit home runs off losing pitcher Jim Perry (11-5). Bob Turley (7-2) allowed 8 hits and 2 earned runs in 7 innings to win the second game.

Haywood Sullivan hit a 2-run home run as part of a 3-run 2nd inning for the Boston Red Sox as they beat the Chicago White Sox 4-2 before 11,175 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Tom Brewer (7-8) pitched a 10-hit complete game victory over Billy Pierce (9-6).

Steve Barber (6-4) pitched a 1-hitter, while Brooks Robinson and Gus Triandos hit 2-run home runs in the bottom of the 1st inning for the Baltimore Orioles as they shut out the Kansas City Athletics 5-0 before 6,073 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore. Hank Bauer led off the 6th inning with a single for the only Kansas City hit. Losing pitcher Bud Daley (12-8) was lifted for a pinch hitter in the top of the 2nd.

Reno Bertoia scored from third base on second baseman Frank Bolling's error on a ground ball by pinch hitter Pete Whisenant to climax a 3-run rally in the bottom of the 9th inning, giving the Washington Senators a 6-5 win over the Detroit Tigers before 7,749 fans at Griffith Stadium in Washington.

Bobby Del Greco led off the 3rd inning with a home run and Pancho Herrera hit a 2-run homer later in the inning for the Philadelphia Phillies as they scored 3 runs to come back from a 2-0 deficit and defeat the Chicago Cubs 3-2 before 5,442 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Dallas Green (2-4) pitched a 6-hitter, outduelling Dick Ellsworth (4-8), who allowed 7 hits in a complete game.

Felipe Alou singled home Joey Amalfitano with 1 out and the bases loaded in the bottom of the 10th inning to give the San Francisco Giants a 3-2 win over the Milwaukee Braves before 21,025 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco. Juan Marichal (3-0) pitched a 7-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Warren Spahn (11-7).

Frank Howard hit a grand slam in the 1st inning and singled home 2 runs in a 3-run 2nd to lead the Los Angeles Dodgers over the Cincinnnati Reds 8-6 before 20,885 fans at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. Chuck Essegian also homered for the Dodgers, while Frank Robinson, Leo Cardenas, and Gordy Coleman homered for the Reds.

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Kvällstoppen): In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): El Cóndor Pasa--Simon & Garfunkel (6th week at #1)

Crime
The United States Army ordered pre-trial investigations for seven officers charged with complicity in the cover-up of the 1968 My Lai massacre in South Vietnam. At the same time, charges against two other officers, Colonel Robert Luper and Captain Kenneth Boatman, were dismissed.

Economics and finance
The U.S. government announced a budget deficit of $2.9 billion for the fiscal year ended June 30.

Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (1-0) 42 @ British Columbia (0-1) 9

This was the first CFL regular season game to be played on artificial turf, and there was a casualty. B.C. running back Charlie Brown caught his cleats in the Tartan Turf, tore up a knee, and never played again. It was also the last game for B.C. defensive end E.A. Sims, who had been a teammate of Lions’ head coach Jackie Parker when the two played for the Edmonton Eskimos in 1962.

Baseball
Bobby Grich singled home 2 runs to climax a 3-run 4th inning for the Baltimore Orioles as they beat the Chicago White Sox 4-2 before 23,913 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore. Mike Cuellar (14-6) pitched a 3-hitter, outduelling Joe Horlen (6-15).

With 2 out and nobody on base in the top of the 9th inning, Lou Piniella singled and Bob Oliver followed with his second 2-run home run of the game to enable the Kansas City Royals to defeat the Detroit Tigers 7-6 before 15,226 fans at Tiger Stadium. Dick McAuliffe drew a base on balls with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th, but Mickey Stanley grounded into a 6-4-3 double play to end the game. Lerrin LaGrow, the second of three Detroit pitchers, made his major league debut in relief of Joe Niekro in the 8th, but was removed after yielding a single to Paul Schaal, the only batter he faced.

California Angels’ catcher Tom Egan was the goat in his team’s 6-5 loss to the New York Yankees before 13,170 fans at Anaheim Stadium. He allowed 5 passed balls, all with different pitchers, and dropped a throw for an error with what proved to be the deciding run in the 6th inning. Mike McCormick (1-0), recently acquired from the San Francisco Giants, allowed 5 hits and 5 runs--4 earned--in 6.2 innings to get his first win in the American League.

Jim Wynn hit a 3-run home run in the 1st inning to open the scoring for the Houston Astros and Doug Rader hit a 2-run homer as part of a 4-run 9th as they beat the Chicago Cubs 10-4 before 23,159 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Houston catcher Johnny Edwards batted 4 for 5 with a home run and 3 runs batted in. Pinch hitter Al Spangler led off the bottom of the 6th inning with his only home run of the season, and the 21st and last of his major league career, and Ron Santo hit a 3-run homer later in the inning to provide the Chicago scoring.

Donn Clendenon drove in 7 runs with a pair of 3-run home runs and a sacrifice fly to lead the New York Mets over the San Francisco Giants 12-2 before 50,174 fans at Shea Stadium in New York. Jim McAndrew (6-8) pitched a 5-hit complete game victory.



Ron Fairly hit a 3-run home run to climax a 4-run 3rd inning and hit a solo home with 1 out in the bottom of the 8th inning to break a 4-4 tie as the Montreal Expos edged the San Diego Padres 5-4 before 19,500 fans at Jarry Park in Montreal.

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Can't Stop the Music--Village People (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Dancing All Night--Monta & Brothers (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Hey!--Julio Iglesias (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Funkytown--Lipps Inc. (5th week at #1)

Football
CFL
The Canadian Football League career of quarterback Danny Sanders came to an end when he was cut by the Saskatchewan Roughriders. Mr. Sanders had led the Roughriders to their only 2 wins of 1979, but was let go when veteran John Hufnagel came off the injured list. In 9 CFL games, Mr. Sanders completed 86 of 190 passes for 1,314 yards, 6 touchdowns, and 14 interceptions.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): U Can't Touch This--MC Hammer (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Un' Estate Italiana--Edoardo Bennato; Gianna Nannini (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Infinity (1990's...Time for the Guru)--Guru Josh (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Still Got the Blues (For You)--Gary Moore (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Maldòn--Zouk Machine (6th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): Turtle Power--Partners in Kryme

Turtle Power was from the movie Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990).

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Dirty Cash--Adventures of Stevie V (3rd week at #1)
2 U Can't Touch This--MC Hammer
3 Killer--Adamski
4 Ooops Up--Snap!
5 Hijo de la Luna--Mecano
6 Back by Dope Demand--King Bee
7 Bluesouse--B.B. Queen
8 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
9 What's a Woman?--Vaya con Dios
10 Close to You--Maxi Priest

Singles entering the chart were Hanky Panky by Madonna (#25); That's Just the Way it Is by Phil Collins (#28); Love Has the Power by Toto (#30); Amarti È L'immenso Per Me by Eros Ramazzotti (#33); Vision of Love by Mariah Carey (#34); and Mona by Craig McLachlan and Check 1-2 (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 She Ain't Worth It--Glenn Medeiros featuring Bobby Brown (2nd week at #1)
2 Vision of Love--Mariah Carey
3 Cradle of Love--Billy Idol
4 Rub You the Right Way--Johnny Gill
5 Hold On--En Vogue
6 Step by Step--New Kids on the Block
6 The Power--Snap!
7 Girls Nite Out--Tyler Collins
8 When I'm Back on My Feet Again--Michael Bolton
9 Enjoy the Silence--Depeche Mode
10 Hanky Panky--Madonna

Singles entering the chart were Can't Stop by After 7 (#78); Tell Me Something by Indecent Obsession (#85); Hearts in Trouble by Chicago (#90); and Can't Get Enuff by Winger (#93). Hearts in Trouble was from the movie Days of Thunder (1990).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 She Ain’t Worth It--Glenn Medeiros, featuring Bobby Brown
2 Enjoy the Silence--Depeche Mode
3 Hold On--En Vogue
4 Cradle of Love--Billy Idol
5 Rub You the Right Way--Johnny Gill
6 Vision of Love--Mariah Carey
7 Girls Nite Out--Tyler Collins
8 When I’m Back on My Feet Again--Michael Bolton
9 The Power--Snap!
10 I’ll Be Your Shelter--Taylor Dayne

Singles entering the chart were Can't Get Enough by Winger (#56); Tic-Tac-Toe by Kyper (#60); That's Not Her Style by Billy Joel (#61); Hearts in Trouble by Chicago (#65); Banned in the U.S.A. by Luke featuring 2 Live Crew (#67); Same Old Look by Jimmy Ryser (#70); Time for Letting Go by Jude Cole (#74); All the Way by Calloway (#78); and Dirty Cash (Money Talks) by the Adventures of Stevie V (#80).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Step by Step--New Kids on the Block (2nd week at #1)
2 I’ll Be Your Shelter--Taylor Dayne
3 Do You Remember?--Phil Collins
4 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
5 When I'm Back on My Feet Again--Michael Bolton
6 She Ain't Pretty--Northern Pikes
7 Across the River--Bruce Hornsby
8 I Think I Love You Too Much--The Jeff Healey Band
9 Cradle of Love--Billy Idol
10 Every Little Thing--Jeff Lynne

Singles entering the chart were That's Life by Sue Medley (#55); Can't Stop Fallin' Into Love by Cheap Trick (#59); Good Clean Fun by the Allman Brothers Band (#69); Brickyard Road by Johnny Van Zandt (#76); Policy of Truth by Depeche Mode (#79); I am a Wild Party by Kim Mitchell (#81); Tonight by New Kids on the Block (#82); and Time for Letting Go by Jude Cole (#84).

Died on this date
Jill Esmond, 82. U.K. actress. Miss Esmond, born Jill Esmond Moore, was primarily a stage actress who also appeared in films such as The Skin Game (1931); Thirteen Women (1932); Random Harvest (1942); and The White Cliffs of Dover (1944). She was married to actor Laurence Olivier from 1930-1940.

World events
Negotiations began to resolve the seizure of Trinidad and Tobago’s parliament building in Port of Spain the previous day by Negro Muslim rebels, which had resulted in Prime Minister Arthur Robinson and other cabinet ministers and government officials being held hostage, and Mr. Robinson getting shot in the leg.

Football
CFL
Toronto (1-2) 41 @ Hamilton (1-2) 29

Don Moen returned a fumble 3 yards for one touchdown and Chris Gaines returned an interception 17 yards for another as the Argos took advantage of 9 Tiger-Cat turnovers. Toronto quarterback Matt Dunigan completed 26 of 40 passes for 381 yards and 2 touchdowns. Wally Zatylny led the Tiger-Cats with 5 punt returns for 100 yards and 4 kickoff returns for 185, including a 93-yard kickoff return for a touchdown. This blogger and a certain lovely lady were among the 20,387 in attendance on a beautiful summer night at Ivor Wynne Stadium. We caught a midnight bus back to Toronto, and we were the only passengers on the bus--and, loving it.



Baseball
Shawon Dunston tied a major league record with 3 triples and drove in 5 runs to lead the Chicago Cubs to a 10-7 win over the Montreal Expos before 24,808 fans at Olympic Stadium in Montreal.

The Detroit Tigers, trailing 9-5, erupted for 10 runs in the bottom of the 6th inning as they defeated the Boston Red Sox 17-9 before 39,727 fans at Tiger Stadium. Detroit left fielder Larry Sheets drove in 6 runs with a triple and home run. Frank Tanana started on the mound for Detroit but lasted just 1/3 inning, allowing 4 hits, a base on balls, and 5 runs--all earned.

Cal Ripken, Jr.’s record for consecutive errorless games at shortstop ended at 95 games as his Baltimore Orioles lost 10-9 to the Kansas City Royals in the first game of a doubleheader before 35,592 fans at Royals Stadium. The Orioles won the second game 3-1.

25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Shy Guy--Diana King

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Never Forget--Take That

At the movies
Waterworld, directed by Kevin Reynolds, and co-produced by and starring Kevin Costner, opened in theatres.



Crime
A circuit court jury in Union, South Carolina sentenced Susan Smith to life in prison for the November 1994 drownings of her two young sons, who were locked in her car while she allowed it to roll into a lake. The jury had convicted Mrs. Smith on July 22 of two counts of first-degree murder, which was a death penalty offense in South Carolina, but as is so often the case, women are almost never held responsible for their crimes, and she received a prison sentence instead, with eligibility for parole in 30 years.

Two followers of Hindu guru Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh were convicted in Portland, Oregon of a 1985 conspiracy to assassinate Charles Turner, the U.S. attorney for the District of Oregon.

Politics and government
The United States Senate voted 98-0 to bar Senators and members of their staffs from accepting vacation trips and other expensive gifts, other than from close friends and relatives. Under the new rules, a Senator could accept no more than $100 in gifts from a single source in a year, excepting only any gifts valued at under $10. Any gift from a close friend or family member valued at more than $250 was subject to approval by the Senate Ethics Committee.

Economics and finance
The United States Commerce Department reported that the gross domestic product had grown at an annual rate of 0.5% in the second quarter of 1995, the lowest quarterly increase since 1991.

Football
CFL
Edmonton (4-1) 26 @ Hamilton (2-3) 18
Shreveport (1-5) 19 @ Calgary (5-0) 27

Sean Fleming kicked 4 field goals and 2 converts as the Eskimos defeated the Tiger-Cats before 20,104 fans at Ivor Wynne Stadium. Lucius Floyd scored the first Edmonton touchdown in the 1st quarter on a 10-yard pass from holder Glenn Harper on a fake field goal attempt. Michael Soles rushed 1 yard for the other Edmonton TD. Eric Carter returned an interception 102 yards for the first Hamilton touchdown in the 1st quarter, and Steve Taylor connected with Earl Winfield for a 5-yard TD in the 3rd quarter.

Doug Flutie passed to Dave Sapunjis and Vince Danielsen for touchdowns and handed off to Tony Stewart for another TD--all in the 2nd quarter--as the Stampeders defeated the Pirates before 21,098 fans at McMahon Stadium. The Pirates' only touchdown also came in the 2nd quarter on a 50-yard pass from Billy Joe Tolliver to Fred Montgomery.

20 years ago
2000

Diplomacy
52 republican and 26 loyalist men convicted of terrorist offenses were released from Maze Prison in Northern Ireland as the last phase of the Good Friday peace accord.

The U.S. House of Representatives voted to end restrictions on travel and limits on the sale of food and medicine to Cuba, but the measure was expected to encounter trouble getting through the Senate.

Business
Two U.S. federal appeals judges granted Napster Inc. a stay in the injunction aimed at shutting the online music site down, allowing the popular music trading service to remain online while it continued its legal battle with the music industry.

Television
Auditions for Your Big Break, a Dick Clark-produced show where people could so impressions of their favourite singers while singing along with their songs, took place at Londonderry mall in Edmonton. This blogger sang Unchained Melody and Only the Lonely. I never saw Your Big Break, and I don't know if it ever made it onto television.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (3-1-0-1) 23 @ Toronto (1-3) 17
Montreal (4-0) 33 @ Winnipeg (0-4-0-1) 31
Calgary (3-0-1) 52 @ Saskatchewan (0-3-1) 52

Ronald Williams rushed 19 times for 68 yards and a touchdown and caught 6 passes for 47 yards and another touchdown to lead the Tiger-Cats before just 15,345 at SkyDome. Earlier in the day, Jeff Fairholm quit as an assistant coach with the Argonauts the day after being demoted by head coach John Huard, and voicing his discontent to a Toronto Sun writer.



Terry Baker’s 41-yard field goal on the last play gave the Alouettes the win before 23,667 at Winnipeg Stadium. Anthony Calvillo threw 2 touchdown passes for the Alouettes, while Khari Jones, in his first start as a Blue Bomber, threw touchdown passes to Markus Howell, Robert Gordon, and Albert Johnson.

Former Stampeder quarterback Henry Burris threw 3 touchdown passes in regulation time and 2 more in the four-possession overtime to lead the Roughriders. Calgary’s Dave Dickenson, meanwhile, threw for 476 yards and 6 touchdown passes, including one from 25 yards to Kelvin Anderson, which, with Mark McLoughlin’s convert, tied the score with 20 seconds remaining in the 4th quarter. The score was tied 32-32 after regulation time. The overtime took ¾ of an hour to play, which contributed to the CFL’s decision to reduce regular season overtime to a maximum of 2 possessions after 2000.

10 years ago
2010

Disasters
Airblue Flight 202, en route from Karachi, crashed into the Margalla Hills north of Islamabad, Pakistan, killing all 152 people aboard. It was the deadliest aviation accident in Pakistan history and the first involving an Airbus A321.