July 21, 2020

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Garland Grayston!

1,790 years ago
230

Religion
Pontian succeeded Urban I as Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.

990 years ago
1030

Born on this date
Kyansittha. King of Burma, 1084-1112/1113. Kyansittha, the son of Prince Anawrahta and Princess Pyinsa Kalayani, acceded to the throne after suppressing a major Mon rebellion that killed King Saw Lu. Kyansittha had a reign that was largely peaceful, and is regarded as one of Burma's greatest monarchs. He died in 1112 or 1113 at the approximate age of 82, and was succeeded by Alaungsithu.

475 years ago
1545

War
The first landing of French troops on the coast of the Isle of Wight took place.

375 years ago
1645

Society
Chinese Qing dynasty regent Dorgon issued an edict ordering all Han Chinese men to shave their forehead and braid the rest of their hair into a queue identical to those of the Manchus.

140 years ago
1880

Died on this date
Hiram Walden, 79. U.S. politician. Mr. Walden, a Democrat, was a member of the New York State Assembly (1836), and represented New York's 21st District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1849-1851). He died a month before his 80th birthday.

130 years ago
1890

Transportation
A crowd of 2,500 attended the sod-turning ceremony in Calgary for the Calgary and Edmonton Railway.

100 years ago
1920

Born on this date
Isaac Stern. Polish-born U.S. musician. Mr. Stern moved with his family to San Francisco at the age of 14 months. He was one of the 20th century's most prominent classical concert violinists, with a performing and recording career spanning more than 60 years. Mr. Stern toured the U.S.S.R. in 1951 and the People's Republic of China (with pianist David Golub) in 1979, becoming the first American violinist to tour both countries. He performed with pianist Alexander Zakin from 1940-1977, and was known for championing young musicians such as violinist Itzhak Perlman and cellist Yo-Yo Ma. Mr. Stern died of heart failure on September 22, 2001 at the age of 81.

Baseball
The New York Yankees edged the Cleveland Indians 4-3 before 25,000 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York to move to within 1 game of the American League-leading Indians. Bob Meusel and Wally Pipp hit home runs for the Yankees. The Indians scored all their runs in the 9th inning off Carl Mays (14-7), and had the potential tying run thrown out at home plate for the inning's second out. Rip Collins relieved Mr. Mays with 1 out and struck out Ray Chapman with the bases loaded to end the game. Ray Caldwell (12-5) allowed 10 hits and 4 earned runs in a complete game loss.

Harry Hooper tripled home Roxy Walters with 1 out in the bottom of the 5th inning and scored on a sacrifice fly by Ossie Vitt to provide the deciding runs for the Boston Red Sox as they edged the Chicago White Sox 2-1 at Fenway Park in Boston. Joe Jackson led off the 2nd inning with a home run off Sam Jones (7-10), who pitched a 6-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Lefty Williams (16-9), who allowed 7 hits in a complete game.

The Pittsburgh Pirates scored 5 runs in the top of the 8th inning to break a 1-1 tie and defeat the Chicago Cubs 6-1 at Cubs Park. Eppa Rixey (8-12) pitched a 3-hitter to win the pitching matchup with Grover Cleveland Alexander (16-9), who allowed 10 hits and 6 earned runs in 8 innings.

A throwing error by right fielder Eddie Eayrs after a double by Jack Smith enabled Bill Doak to score the winning run in the bottom of the 12th inning as the St. Louis Cardinals defeated the Boston Braves 3-2 at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. Mr. Doak (11-8) pitched an 8-hit complete game, allowing 1 earned run, to win the pitchers' duel over Dana Fillingim (7-12), who allowed 13 hits and 2 earned runs in a complete game. St. Louis center fielder Austin McHenry batted 4 for 5 with a double, and led off the 12th with a single before being forced out at second base on Mr. Doak's attempted sacrifice bunt.

90 years ago
1930

Baseball
The Brooklyn Robins and St. Louis Cardinals split a doubleheader before 18,000 fans at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn which included 54 hits, 44 runs, 18 extra-base hits, and 11 errors. The Robins won the first game 9-8, and the Cardinals came back to win the second game 17-10. The Robins’ win in the opener came on a 3-run pinch home run by Harvey Hendrick with 2 out in the 9th inning. Jim Bottomley of the Cardinals also homered as a pinch hitter, while George Puccinelli of the Cardinals hit a 3-run pinch homer for his first major league hit. Hal Lee came to bat for the Robins as a pinch hitter in the 2nd inning of the second game, and hit a 3-run home run for his first major league hit.

Pat Malone (11-6) and Charlie Root of the Chicago Cubs combined to shut out the New York Giants 6-0 before 8,000 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York. Hack Wilson hit his 28th and 29th home runs of the season as the Cubs ruined the first Ladies’ Day promotion at the Polo Grounds in New York. 3,500 women were admitted free.

Babe Ruth hit his 35th home run of the season, Lou Gehrig hit his 28th, and Harry Rice added his 6th to help the New York Yankees beat the Cleveland Indians 7-3 before 4,000 fans at League Park in Cleveland. Cleveland second baseman John Hodapp batted 4 for 5 with a double, triple, run and run batted in. Ed Wells (8-2) pitched a 12-hit complete game victory.

Charlie Gehringer doubled with 2 out and nobody on base in the bottom of the 9th inning and Dale Alexander singled him home to give the Detroit Tigers a 7-6 win over the Philadelphia Athletics before 6,000 fans at Navin Field in Detroit. Earl Whitehill (8-9) pitched a 10-hit complete game, allowing 3 earned runs, to win the pitching matchup with George Earnshaw (13-6), who allowed 11 hits and 7 earned runs in a complete game.

80 years ago
1940

War
The United Kingdom announced bombing of Bremen and German positions in the Ruhr Valley, the Netherlands, and northern France.

Abominations
The parliaments of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania adopted resolutions declaring themselves to be Soviet republics.

Diplomacy
The Pan-American Consultative Conference opened in Havana.

Meeting in Cairo, leaders of six Arab states adopted plans for a postwar federation in the Middle East.

Politics and government
Japanese Prince Fumimaro Konoye completed his cabinet organization with the exclusion of all political parties.

Luiz Munoz Marin organized the Popular Democratic Party in Puerto Rico, with the ultimate goal of independence from the United States.

Labour
United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis opened a campaign to have all companies receiving government contracts adhere to the collective bargaining rights contained in the National Labor Relations Act.

75 years ago
1945

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Sentimental Journey--Les Brown and his Orchestra (vocal chorus by Doris Day) (Best Seller--9th week at #1; Airplay--6th week at #1; Juke Box--6th week at #1; Honor Roll of Hits--8th week at #1)

War
Captain E.M. Zacharias, an official U.S. spokesman, broadcast an appeal to Japan to surrender unconditionally or face total destruction and a dictated peace. Australian troops made shore-to-shore movement to seize the southwestern head of Balik Papan Bay, Borneo, gaining control of all entrances to the harbour.

Politics and government
The Quebec government of Premier Maurice Duplessis created the Ministry of Water Resources, with Johnny Bourque, Member of the Legislative Assembly from Sherbrooke, as Minister.

Polish Prime Minister Edward Osubka-Morawski said in a Warsaw radio broadcast that there would be an amnesty for Polish political prisoners.

Diplomacy
The United States Senate voted in favour of U.S. membership in the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.

Defense
The 72½-ton U.S. Navy cargo carrier Hawaii Mars I, the world's largest flying boat, was launched at Baltimore.

Abominations
A conference of Methodists of the United Kingdom and Ireland resolved that women could become fully-ordained ministers, but that they had to retire when married.

70 years ago
1950

World events
Israel reported that Arab refugees were being permitted to pass through Jewish territory from the English-held Gaza area to Jordan-occupied Hebron.

Defense
Italy announced plans to expand its Army to the peace treaty limit of 250,000 men.

Politics and government
U.S. President Harry Truman ordered 14 federal departments and agencies to curtail public works and credit programs, freeing additional funds for defense spending.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade): Cathy's Clown--Bill and Boyd

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Good Timin'--Jimmy Jones (3rd week at #1)

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Kvällstoppen): In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): El Cóndor Pasa--Simon & Garfunkel (5th week at #1)

Died on this date
Bob Kalsu, 25. U.S. football player and military officer. First Lieutenant Kalsu was a guard with the University of Oklahoma (1965-1967), earning All-American honours in his final season, and helping the Sooners win the Orange Bowl. He joined the Buffalo Bills in 1968, earned a starting role, and was named the team's rookie of the year. He joined the U.S. Army after the season, and was sent to Vietnam in 1969. Lt. Kalsu was killed in action when his unit came under fire at Fire Support Base Ripcord near the A Shau Valley, becoming the only active American professional athlete to die in combat in Vietnam. His son James Robert Kalsu, Jr. was born two days later.

David Johnson, 24. U.S. soldier. Spc. 4th Class Johnson was killed in the same mortar attack that killed Lt. Kalsu.

Energy
The Aswan High Dam was opened in Egypt.

Crime
The South Vietnamese government announced that it had suspended the use of "tiger cages" at the Con Son prison pending improvements.

Protest
Kansas Governor Robert Docking declared a state of emergency and ordered state highway patrolmen into Lawrence after six days of racial violence between whites and Negroes had resulted in two deaths.

Academia
Regular classes resumed at Tsing-hua University in Peking (Beijing), widely regarded as the birthplace of the Communist China's Cultural Revolution in 1966. It was the first known instance of a university returning to normal activity since the government had stopped admitting new students in 1966.

Labour
The National Football League owners had locked out members of the National Football League Players Association, opening training camps only to rookies. Washington Redskins' executive vice-president and head coach Vince Lombardi addressed a meeting of the owners in New York, and told them to be fair but firm in dealing with the players, saying that it was up to the owners to maintain "the structure and the discipline" of professional football: "Gentlemen, you must not give away your game to a bunch of 22-year-old kids."

Football
CFL
Pre-season
British Columbia (0-4) 22 @ Winnipeg (2-2) 25

Baseball
Clay Kirby (5-12) of the San Diego Padres was pitching a no-hitter after 8 innings, but the Padres were trailing the New York Mets 1-0 before 10,373 fans at San Diego Stadium. Padres’ manager Preston Gomez lifted Mr. Kirby for a pinch hitter (Cito Gaston), who failed to reach base. The Mets scored 2 runs on 3 hits off relief pitcher Jack Baldschun in the 9th inning and won 3-0. Jim McAndrew (5-8) pitched a 3-hit shutout.

Carl Morton (12-6) pitched a 9-hit complete game victory and hit his first major league home run--a 2-run blow off Don Sutton (11-7) in the 2nd inning--to lead the Montreal Expos over the Los Angeles Dodgers 5-2 before 15,550 fans at Dodger Stadium. Los Angeles third baseman Steve Garvey batted 2 for 4, and led off the bottom of the 4th with his first major league homer.

The California Angels scored 4 runs in the 2nd inning and 5 in the 7th as they beat the Boston Red Sox 10-6 before 21,194 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. California third baseman Ken McMullen batted 4 for 5 with a double, 3 runs, and 2 runs batted in, while Ken Tatum, who pitched 4 innings of relief to get his 15th save of the season, hit a 3-run home run in the 7th. Boston left fielder Carl Yastrzemski scored 3 runs and drove in 4 with a pair of homers and a double. Carmen Fanzone made his major league debut with the Red Sox as a pinch hitter with 1 out in the 7th; he was hit by a pitch and advanced to second base when Dick Schofield drew a base on balls. California shortstop Jim Fregosi made 3 errors.

Terry Crowley doubled home Brooks Robinson with 1 out in the top of the 9th inning to break a 1-1 tie as the Baltimore Orioles edged the Kansas City Royals 2-1 before 9,334 fans at Municipal Stadium in Kansas City. Eddie Watt (2-1) allowed 1 hit in 2 scoreless innings in relief of Jim Hardin, who allowed 6 hits and 1 earned run in 7 innings, and singled and scored the game's first run in the 3rd. Bob Johnson (3-7) pitched a 7-hit complete game loss.

Willie Horton hit a 2-run home run to climax a 4-run 5th inning for the Detroit Tigers as they beat the Minnesota Twins 5-2 before 28,789 fans at Metropolitan Stadium in Bloomington. Denny McLain (1-2) allowed 6 hits and 2 earned runs in 7+ innings for his first win of the season, and singled and scored the game's first run in the 3rd. He left the game after Cesar Tovar led off the 8th inning with a line drive off Mr. McLain's leg for a single.

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Can't Stop the Music--Village People (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Dancing All Night--Monta & Brothers (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Hey!--Julio Iglesias

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Funkytown--Lipps Inc. (4th week at #1)

Labour
Several pay increases for factory workers in Poland were announced, as scattered strikes continued to spread.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): U Can't Touch This--MC Hammer

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Un' Estate Italiana--Edoardo Bennato; Gianna Nannini (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Infinity (1990's...Time for the Guru)--Guru Josh (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Still Got the Blues (For You)--Gary Moore

#1 single in France (SNEP): Maldòn--Zouk Machine (5th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): Sacrifice/Healing Hands--Elton John (5th week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Dirty Cash--Adventures of Stevie V (2nd week at #1)
2 Ooops Up--Snap!
3 Hijo de la Luna--Mecano
4 Back by Dope Demand--King Bee
5 What's a Woman?--Vaya con Dios
6 Killer--Adamski
7 U Can't Touch This--MC Hammer
8 The Future--Prince
9 Bluesouse--B.B. Queen
10 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette

Singles entering the chart were Hear the Drummer (Get Wicked) by Chad Jackson (#23); Wil Niet Dat Je Weggaat by Clouseau (#27); Strung Out by Wendy & Lisa (#33); A Face in the Crowd by Tom Petty (#34); and Post Post-Modern Man by Devo (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 She Ain't Worth It--Glenn Medeiros featuring Bobby Brown
2 Hold On--En Vogue
3 Cradle of Love--Billy Idol
4 Rub You the Right Way--Johnny Gill
5 Vision of Love--Mariah Carey
6 Step by Step--New Kids on the Block
7 The Power--Snap!
8 Girls Nite Out--Tyler Collins
9 Enjoy the Silence--Depeche Mode
10 When I'm Back on My Feet Again--Michael Bolton

Singles entering the chart were Blaze of Glory by Jon Bon Jovi (#58); Can't Stop Fallin' Into Love by Cheap Trick (#69); Banned in the U.S.A. by Luke featuring the 2 Live Crew (#81); All the Way by Calloway (#87); Summer Vacation by the Party (#90); Dirty Cash (Money Talks) by the Adventures of Stevie V (#92); Slow Love by Doc Box & B. Fresh (#97); and What Will I Do by Timmy T. (#98). Blaze of Glory was from the movie Young Guns II (1990).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Step By Step--New Kids on the Block (5th week at #1)
2 She Ain’t Worth It--Glenn Medeiros featuring Bobby Brown
3 Hold On--En Vogue
4 Enjoy the Silence--Depeche Mode
5 I’ll Be Your Shelter--Taylor Dayne
6 Cradle of Love--Billy Idol
7 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
8 Do You Remember?--Phil Collins
9 Ready or Not--After 7
10 When I'm Back on My Feet Again--Michael Bolton

Singles entering the chart were Blaze of Glory by Jon Bon Jovi (#45); Tonight by New Kids on the Block (#47); Can't Stop Fallin' Into Love by Cheap Trick (#52); Stranger to Love by St. Paul (#55); How Bad Do You Want It? by Don Henley (#65); (Can’t Live Without Your) Love and Affection by Nelson (#70); Oh Girl by Paul Young (#79); and Don't You Come Cryin' by Linear (#82).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Step by Step--New Kids on the Block
2 I’ll Be Your Shelter--Taylor Dayne
3 Do You Remember?--Phil Collins
4 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
5 I Think I Love You Too Much--The Jeff Healey Band
6 Children of the Night--Richard Marx
7 She Ain't Pretty--Northern Pikes
8 U Can't Touch This--MC Hammer
9 When I'm Back on My Feet Again--Michael Bolton
10 Cradle of Love--Billy Idol

Singles entering the chart were Blaze of Glory by Jon Bon Jovi (#65); Yesterday's Girl by the Smithereens (#76); Me and Elvis by Human Radio (#77); If Wishes Came True by Sweet Sensation (#84); Chain of Fools by Little Caesar (#87); Twice as Hard by the Black Crowes (#91); Woman in Love by Little Feat (#93); Talk to Me by Anita Baker (#95); The Rock's Steady by Burton Cummings (#97); and Pure by Lightning Seeds (#100).

Personal
This blogger paid his only visit to Sarnia, Ontario, and noticed that the public library downtown still had a card catalogue, a rarity by 1990.

Abominations
Taiwan's military police forced mainland Chinese illegal immigrants into sealed holds of fishing boat Min Ping Yu No. 5540 for repatriation to Fujian, causing 25 people to die from suffocation.

25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Vill du bli min fru--Drängarna (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Boom Boom Boom--The Outhere Brothers (4th week at #1)

World events
China's People's Liberation Army began firing missiles into the waters north of Taiwan in an apparent attempt to intimidate Taiwanese voters prior to the 1996 Taiwanese presidential election.

Disasters
U.S. President Bill Clinton announced that $100 million in federal aid would be distributed to 19 states that had suffered from a recent heat wave.

Football
CFL
British Columbia (3-1) 24 @ Calgary (4-0) 46

Doug Flutie completed 30 passes for 431 yards and 3 touchdowns--2 to Allen Pitts, 1 to Vince Danielsen--to lead the Stampeders over the Lions before 30,012 fans at McMahon Stadium. B.C. quarterback Danny McManus threw 2 touchdown passes to Mike Trevathan and another to Cory Philpot.

20 years ago
2000

Diplomacy
The 26th annual summit of the world’s leading industrial democracies, known as the Group of Eight (G8) began in Okinawa. With no major crisis dominating the meeting, the agenda included debt relief for backward countries; the global AIDS epidemic; and the "digital divide" between technologically advanced countries and the rest of the world.

Abominations
The report from a United States "Justice" Department inquiry headed by former U.S. Senator John Danforth (Republican--Missouri) whitewashed the conduct of U.S. agents in the murders of innocent women and children at the Branch Davidian compound in Waco, Texas in 1993.

Society
The United States Senate approved a compromise bill that would reduce federal income taxes on married couples by $292.5 billion over the next decade in order to remedy the current situation in which about half of all married people paid more in taxes than two single people would pay. The bill had passed in the House of Representatives the day before. President Bill Clinton said that the bill disproportionately favoured wealthy taxpayers and voted to veto it unless Congress approved his bill adding prescription drug coverage to Medicare.

Politics and government
Former U.S. Defense Secretary Dick Cheney, widely rumoured to be the choice of Texas Governor and presumptive Republican Party presidential nominee George W. Bush to be his vice presidential candidate, changed his voter registration from Texas to Wyoming in order to do an end-run around the 12th Amendment to the Constitution, which forbids the President and Vice President of the United States from coming from the same state.

Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (0-3) 34 @ Hamilton (2-1-0-1) 40
Winnipeg (0-3-0-1) 49 @ Edmonton (1-2) 51

Danny McManus completed 25 of 39 passes for 479 yards and 3 touchdowns to lead the Tiger-Cats to a 34-6 halftime lead in front of an Ivor Wynne Stadium crowd of 16,480. Saskatchewan quarterback Henry Burris made a game of it in the 2nd half, rushing for 2 touchdowns and passing for 2 more. Mr. Burris’s second rushing touchdown came with 19 seconds remaining in regulation time.



Troy Westwood missed a 44-yard field goal on the last play of regulation time that would have sent the Blue Bombers and Eskimos into overtime before 27,596 fans in one of the wildest games ever played at Commonwealth Stadium. Edmonton quarterback Dan Crowley had the best game of his CFL career, completing 26 of 37 passes for 369 yards and 5 touchdowns, 4 of them to Kez McCorvey, who tied a team record for touchdown receptions in a game. Mr. Crowley also threw a touchdown pass to Donnie Ashley, while punter Sean Fleming threw the only touchdown pass of his 16-year career, hooking up with Rick Walters for 86 yards on a fake punt. Kerwin Bell started at quarterback for the Blue Bombers but went down with a calf injury, and Khari Jones did a spectacular job in relief, completing 17 of 22 passes for 286 yards and 2 touchdowns, and rushing 3 times for 23 yards. The teams combined for 47 points in the 4th quarter. Leading 27-26, Mr. Crowley connected with Mr. McCorvey for the 4th time on the first play of the quarter, taking a 34-26 lead after Mr. Fleming’s convert. Mr. Jones passed to Geroy Simon for a touchdown and to Bob Gordon for a 2-point convert to tie the game at 3:09. Messrs. Ashley and Walters scored for the Eskimos to give them a 48-34 lead before the Blue Bombers struck back with George Jones’ second touchdown rush of the game, converted by Mr. Westwood at 12:01 to reduce the deficit to 41-34. Mr. Fleming attempted to put the game away for the Eskimos with a 47-yard field goal attempt, but the kick was wide, and Albert Johnson, who had caught a touchdown pass from Mr. Jones earlier in the game, returned the kick 122 yards for a touchdown, converted by Mr. Westwood with 1:46 remaining to tie the game 48-48. Mr. Crowley marched the Eskimos downfield, and Mr. Fleming was successful on a 26-yard field goal with 17 seconds remaining to make the score 51-48. Khari Jones quickly moved the Blue Bombers, setting them up for Mr. Westwood on the last play. The Eskimos gladly conceded the single point on the missed field goal. Mr. Johnson’s kick returns, combined with 7 receptions for 153 yards, enabled him to set a CFL record for total yards in a single game: 473.



10 years ago
2010

Died on this date
Luis Corvalán Lepe, 93. Chilean politician. Mr. Corvalán joined the Communist Party of Chile and was its General Secretary from 1958-1990. He was a Chilean Senator from 1961-1977, but became a political prisoner after the military junta led by General Augusto Pinochet seized power in September 1973. While in prison, Mr. Corvalán was awarded the 1973-74 Lenin Peace Prize; he was sent to the U.S.S.R. in December 1976 in an exchange for dissident Vladimir Bukovsky, and received asylum in the Soviet Union. Mr. Corvalán returned to Chile in 1988.

Ralph Houk, 90. U.S. baseball player and manager. Mr. Houk, nicknamed "The Major" because of his service with the U.S. Army in World War II, was a catcher with the New York Yankees (1947-1954), batting .272 with no home runs and 20 runs batted in in 91 games. He played in 640 games in 8 seasons in the minor leagues (1939-1941, 1946-1949, 1955-1956), batting .289 with 4 home runs. Mr. Houk played for six World Series championship teams, but appeared in just 2 World Series games--1 each in 1947 and 1952--batting .500 (1 for 2) as a pinch hitter. He began serving as the Yankees' bullpen coach in 1953, and began his managerial career with the Denver Bears of the American Association, the Yankees' top farm team in 1955, leading them to the Junior World Series championship in 1957. Mr. Houk was the Yankees' first base coach from 1958-1960, and replaced Casey Stengel as the team's manager in 1961. He led the Yankees to World Series championships in 1961 and 1962 and the American League pennant in 1963, and then resigned as manager to become general manager. The Yankees repeated as AL champions in 1964 under rookie manager Yogi Berra, but Mr. Houk fired him after the season and replaced him with Johnny Keane, who had just managed the St. Louis Cardinals to a 7-game victory over the Yankees in the World Series. However, the Yankee dynasty began to crumble; Mr. Houk fired Mr. Keane 20 games into the 1966 season and resumed the managerial duties. He resigned as general manager after the 1966 season and managed the Yankees through 1973, without winning any more pennants. Mr. Houk managed the Detroit Tigers (1974-1978) and Boston Red Sox (1981-1984), with little success; as in his later years with the Yankees, he managed in organizations that had declined in quality. Mr. Houk compiled a regular season record of 1,619-1,531 (.514) as a major league manager. He finished his baseball career as a special assistant to Minnesota Twins general manager Andy MacPhail (1987-1989), and died 19 days before his 91st birthday.

Jack Irving, 78. Canadian businessman. Mr. Irving, a native of New Brunswick, was the youngest son of industrialist K.C. Irving, and shared ownership with his two brothers of his father's companies following K.C. Irving's death in 1992. Jack Irving's responsibilities included construction, , engineering, and concrete and steel fabrication companies, and he was known as a conservationist and supporter of the arts. He died in Saint John after a brief illness.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Barack Obama signed into law the most sweeping overhaul of U.S. lending and high finance rules since the 1930s.