July 8, 2020

325 years ago
1695

Died on this date
Christiaan Huygens, 66. Dutch physicist, mathematician, astronomer and inventor. Mr. Huygens' achievements are too numerous to mention here, but they included the discovery of Saturn's moon Titan, and the invention of the pendulum clock. He has been called the first theoretical physicist and the founder of mathematical physics.

290 years ago
1730

Disasters
An estimated magnitude 8.7 earthquake caused a tsunami that damaged more than 620 miles of Chile's coastline.

260 years ago
1760

War
British forces commanded by Vice-Admire John Byron defeated French forces in the Battle of Restigouche, the last naval battle in New France.

190 years ago
1830

Born on this date
Frederick W. Seward. U.S. politician. Mr. Seward, a Republican, was the son of U.S. Secretary of Stte William Seward. Frederick was United States Assistant Secretary of State in the administrations of Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson (1861-1869), and Rutherford B. Hayes (1877-1879), resigning from the latter because of illness. He briefly sat in the New York State Assembly in 1875. Frederick Seward died on April 25, 1915 at the age of 84.

170 years ago
1850

Died on this date
Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, 76. U.K. royal family member. Prince Adolphus was the tenth child and seventh son of King George III and Queen Charlotte, and was the youngest son to survive childhood. He served in the army for more than 30 years, and was military Governor (1813-1816); Governor General (1816-1837); and Viceroy (1831-1837) of Hanover. Prince Adolphus married his second cousin Augusta, third daughter of Prince Frederick of Hesse, in 1818; the couple had one child, George, who inherited his father's peerages.

140 years ago
1880

Baseball
The Chicago White Stockings edged the Providence Grays 5-4 at Lakefront Park in Chicago for their 21st straight win, improving their record to 35-3, 13½ games ahead of the second-place Grays, who stood at 21-16 after the loss.

130 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Stanton Macdonald-Wright. U.S. artist. Mr. Macdonald-Wright was a painter who, in 1912, co-founded the colour-based mode of painting known as Synchromism. He was the younger brother of author Willard Huntington Wright, who wrote the Phil Vance detective novels under the pseudonym S.S. Van Dine. Mr. Macdonald-Wright died on August 22, 1973 at the age of 83.

125 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Igor Tamm. U.S.S.R. physicist. Dr. Tamm was head of the theoretical department at Lebedev Physical Institute in Moscow (1934-1971), and worked on the Soviet hydrogen bomb project (1949-1953). He shared the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physics with fellow Soviets Pavel Cherenkov and Ilya Frank "for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect." Dr. Tamm died on April 12, 1971 at the age of 75.

120 years ago
1900

Born on this date
George Antheil. U.S. composer and journalist. "The Bad Boy of Music," Mr. Antheil was best known for his avant-garde Ballet Mecanique. The premiere of that work in 1927, and the promotion that preceded the concert, alienated Mr. Antheil's audience, and he didn't regain his popularity until the 1940s. Between periods of musical prosperity and popularity, Mr. Antheil wrote for various magazines and later served as a war correspondent. He died of a heart attack on February 12, 1959 at the age of 58.

100 years ago
1920

Baseball
The Cleveland Indians swept a doubleheader from the Washington Nationals 4-2 and 9-6 at American League Park in Washington to move into first place in the American League. Guy Morton (4-1) and George Uhle (3-3) were the respective winning pitchers. Tris Speaker singled in his last 2 times at bat for the Indians in the first game, and then hit 5 straight singles in the second game.

The Chicago White Sox scored 5 runs in the top of the 9th inning and withstood a 5-run rally in the bottom of the 9th as they defeated the Philadelphia Athletics 8-5 at Shibe Park in Philadelphia. The Athletics had a runner on second base with 2 out in the 9th, but pinch hitter Lyle Bigbee grounded out to pitcher Eddie Cicotte to end the game. Mr. Cicotte (10-5) pitched an 8-hit complete game victory.

Ty Cobb, who had been out with a knee injury for a month, singled as a pinch hitter in the 9th inning to drive in the winning run as the Detroit Tigers scored 3 runs and edged the New York Yankees 4-3 before 18,000 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York. Rip Collins (5-2) allowed 5 hits and 1 earned run in a complete game loss.

Babe Adams (7-8) pitched a 5-hitter, led off the bottom of the 8th inning with a single, and scored the game's only run on a sacrifice fly by Bill McKechnie as the Pittsburgh Pirates edged the Philadelphia Phillies 1-0 at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh. The Phillies had runners on first and second bases with none out in the 9th, but Mr. Adams retired 3 straight batters to end the game. Lee Meadows (8-4) allowed 7 hits in a complete game loss.

90 years ago
1930

Died on this date
Joseph Ward, 74. Prime Minister of New Zealand, 1906-1912, 1928-1930. Sir Joseph, a native of Australia, moved to New Zealand with his family at the age of 7. He was a member of the Liberal Party until 1928 and a member of the United Party thereafter, representing the ridings of Awarua (1887-1919) and Invercargill (1925-1930) in the N.Z. Parliament. Sir Joseph served four terms as Minister of Finance (1893-1896, 1906-1912, 1915-1919, 1928-1929) in addition to his terms as Prime Minister. His first term as Prime Minister was plagued by factionalism within the Liberal Party, and his later term was plagued by his own declining health. Sir Joseph suffered a series of heart attacks that forced his retirement as Prime Minister on May 28, 1930, and he died six weeks later.

80 years ago
1940

Died on this date
Thomas Arnull, 13. Canadian accident victim. Thomas was playing with friends near Whitemud Creek near Edmonton when he attempted to wade across the creek and stepped into a deep hole and drowned. Attempts to rescue him were unsuccessful.

War
British ships attacked the French battleship Richelieu at Dakar, severely damaging it with torpedoes and depth charges. Italy reported successful air raids on British bases at Malta and Alexandria. Over 100 Japanese planes attacked Chungking, inflicting heavy damage. Marshall Field announced formation of a U.S. National Child Refugee Committee to coordinate the reception of refugee children into the United States from Europe.

Politics and government
Angus L. Macdonald resigned as Premier of Nova Scotia to join the federal cabinet of Canadian Prime Minister Mackenzie King as Minister of National Defence for Naval Services. A.S. MacMillan replaced Mr. Macdonald as Premier. J.L. Ilsley was named Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Prime Minister King.

King Haakon VII of Norway, in exile in London, announced his refusal to resign as requested by the Norwegian parliament.

Republican Party U.S. presidential candidate Wendell Willkie named Representative Joseph Martin (Massachusetts), the House of Representatives minority leader, as national chairman of the Republican Party.

Defense
Chief of the U.S. Navy Fleet Admiral James Richardson arrived in Washington from Hawaii for conferences with President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Economics and finance
Two British ships arrived in New York with a reported $124.2 million in gold bullion to be used for British war credits.

75 years ago
1945

War
Japanese forces stiffened their resistance to the Australian advance up the coast of Borneo northeastward from Manggar. Yugoslavian dictator Marshal Josip Tito charged Greek citizens with firing mortars across the Yugoslavian frontier.

Politics and government
Brigadier General W.R.M. Hinde, U.K. military governor in Berlin, said "the Russians are running all Berlin" as a result of the stalemate over supplying food and fuel to the American and British sectors.

U.S. Representative Joseph Martin, Jr. (Republican--Massachusetts) urged an amendment to the U.S. Constitution to limit the tenure of any U.S. president to two terms.

Defense
U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur said that national defense had become international defense and no nation in the future could rely only on its own capabilities.

70 years ago
1950

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Music! Music! Music!--Donald Peers; Freddy Martin and his Orchestra; Teresa Brewer (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): "The Third Man" Theme--Anton Karas (Best Seller--11th week at #1); Mona Lisa--Nat "King" Cole (Disc Jockey--1st week at #1); "The Third Man" Theme--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians (Jukebox--10th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Bewitched--Bill Snyder and his Orchestra
--Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra
--Doris Day
--Larry Green and his Orchestra
--Jan August & Jerry Murad’s Harmonicats
2 "The Third Man" Theme--Anton Karas
--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians
3 I Wanna Be Loved--The Andrews Sisters
--Billy Eckstine
4 Sentimental Me--The Ames Brothers
--Russ Morgan and his Orchestra
--Ray Anthony and his Orchestra
5 My Foolish Heart--Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra
--Billy Eckstine
--Mindy Carson
6 Hoop-Dee-Doo--Perry Como
--Kay Starr
--Doris Day
7 The Old Piano Roll Blues--Hoagy Carmichael and Cass Daley
--Lawrence "Piano Roll" Cook
8 Mona Lisa--Nat "King" Cole
--Victor Young and his Orchestra (Don Cherry, vocal)
--Art Lund
9 Roses--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
10 It Isn’t Fair--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra

Singles entering the chart were Tzena Tzena Tzena, with versions by Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra and the Weavers; Mitch Miller and his Orchestra; and Vic Damone (#29); The Boulevard of Broken Dreams, with versions by Tony Bennett; and Owen Bradley and his Quintet (#33); Vagabond Shoes by Vic Damone (#35); and Nola by Les Paul (#37).

War
U.S. President Harry Truman named General Douglas MacArthur as Commander-in-Chief of the United Nations forces in Korea, and directed him to fly the UN flag together with the flags of member nations taking part in the campaign. Sgt. Leroy Deans became the first U.S. soldier to win a Purple Heart in the Korean War.

Labour
U.S. President Truman ended a strike of 1,500 American Federation of Labor switchmen against the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad by ordering the Army to seize the line as essential to national defense and security.

Tennis
Budge Patty of the United States defeated Frank Sedgman of Australia 6–1, 8–10, 6–2, 6–3 in the men's singles final at Wimbledon, while Louise Brough of the United States defeated fellow American Margaret Osborne du Pont 6–1, 3–6, 6–1 in the final of the women's singles competition.





Baseball
Jack Phillips’ pinch grand slam in the bottom of the 9th inning gave the Pittsburgh Pirates a 7-6 win over the St. Louis Cardinals before 15,224 fans at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh. St. Louis left fielder Stan Musial appeared to have caught Mr. Phillips’ fly ball, but it went off his glove and over the fence. Ralph Kiner also homered for the Pirates, while Red Schoendienst batted 5 for 5 for the Cardinals.

Richie Ashburn hit a solo home run in the top of the 8th inning to tie the score, and pinch hitter Bill Nicholson hit a 3-run homer with 2 out in the top of the 9th to break a 1-1 tie as the Philadelphia Phillies beat the Brooklyn Dodgers 4-1 before 20,714 fans at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn. Robin Roberts pitched the first 7 innings for Philadelphia, allowing 3 hits and 1 earned run before Jim Konstanty (7-3) allowed 1 hit in 2 innings to get the win over Don Newcombe (7-5), who allowed 7 hits in a complete game.

Lou Brissie (3-13) pitched a 3 hitter and singled in a run to lead the Philadelphia Athletics to a 6-0 win over the Washington Nationals before 1,578 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia. Kermit Wahl's 2-run home run in the 2nd inning provided the necessary scoring.

The Detroit Tigers scored all their runs in the 7th inning as they rallied from a 4-0 deficit to defeat the Cleveland Indians 5-4 before 33,239 fans at Briggs Stadium in Detroit.

The Chicago White Sox scored 2 runs in the 6th inning and 5 in the 7th as they overcame a 5-0 deficit to defeat the St. Louis Browns 7-5 in the first game of a doubleheader before 4,457 fans at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. 4 bases on balls to Chicago batters contributed to the 5-run 7th. Owen Friend's 3-run home run climaxed a 4-run 1st inning for the Browns as they won the second game 11-5. St. Louis catcher Sherm Lollar batted 4 for 5 in the second game with 2 runs and a run batted in.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Good Timin'--Jimmy Jones (2nd week at #1)

World events
Captured U.S. pilot Francis Gary Powers was charged with espionage resulting from his U-2 flight over the Soviet Union.

Baseball
Because of unrest as a result of Fidel Castro’s revolution in Cuba, the Havana Sugar Kings of the International League relocated to Jersey City, where they would remain for the rest of the season.

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): All Right Now--Free

Died on this date
Jimmy Grant, 51. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Grant was a third baseman with the Chicago White Sox (1942-1943) and Cleveland Indians (1943-1944), batting .246 with 5 home runs and 36 runs batted in in 146 games. He played over 700 games in 10 seasons in the minor leagues from 1939-1951.

World events
The Thai government announced that Prasert Iawchai, the highest-ranking Communist in the country, had been captured. Police said that the arrest of Mr. Iawchai in Bangkok several days earlier would cripple Communism in Thailand.

Diplomacy
In the first official comment on reports of atrocious conditions at the prison of Con Son, South Vietnam, the U.S. State Department declared that the U.S. government was very concerned. South Vietnamese officials were said to be investigating.

Politics and government
U.S. President Richard Nixon called for a new dignity for American Indians and a greater control by Indians over their destiny. He proposed legislation giving tribes control of some existing Indian aid programs, and renounced a former government policy under which Indians were encouraged to end their dependence on federal agencies. Mr. Nixon's proposal resulted in the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975.

Defense
The Boeing Company was given the U.S. Air Force contract for the first phase of a $2-billion program to develop, test, and buy a fleet of 42 computer-equipped planes to serve as an airborne warning system.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Ottawa (0-2) 8 @ Toronto (1-0) 29
Edmonton (1-1) 10 @ Calgary (1-0) 21

Baseball
Jim Ray Hart tied a modern major league record with 6 runs batted in in one inning as the San Francisco Giants whipped the Atlanta Braves 13-0 before 10,629 fans at Atlanta Stadium. Mr. Hart hit a 3-run home run and a 3-run triple in the 11-run 5th inning. He ended up hitting for the cycle, while Gaylord Perry (13-8) pitched the 5-hit shutout. Aubrey Gatewood, the second of three Atlanta pitchers, allowed 3 hits and 6 runs--1 earned--in 0.1 innings, walking 2 batters and striking out none in the 76th and last game of his 4-year major league career.

Don Money led off the bottom of the 9th inning with a base on balls and Deron Johnson hit a home run with 1 out to give the Philadelphia Phillies a 2-0 win over the Pittsburgh Pirates before 7,038 fans at Connie Mack Stadium in Philadelphia. Rick Wise (6-7) pitched a 4-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Steve Blass (6-10), who also allowed 4 hits.

The Los Angeles Dodgers scored 5 runs in the top of the 9th inning to overcome a 4-1 deficit and held on to defeat the Houston Astros 6-5 before 16,865 fans at the Astrodome. With 2 out and nobody on base in the bottom of the 9th, pinch hitter Jim Wynn hit a home run and Jesus Alou singled, but Joe Morgan grounded out to second base to end the game.

The Baltimore Orioles overcame an 8-6 deficit with 3 runs in the 9th inning to edge the New York Yankees 9-8 before 33,749 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore. The rally came on a Frank Robinson home run and a 2-out single by Don Buford.

Buddy Bradford's grand slam climaxed a 5-run 8th inning for the Cleveland Indians as they came back from a 5-1 deficit to defeat the Washington Senators 6-5 before 6,322 fans at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland. With 2 out in the top of the 9th, Del Unser singled and Frank Howard was intentionally walked, but pinch hitter John Roseboro grounded out to first base to end the game.

The Detroit Tigers loaded the bases with walks with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning, and pinch hitter Gates Brown scored pinch runner Elliott Maddox with a sacrifice fly to give the Tigers a 3-2 win over the Boston Red Sox before 14,801 fans at Tiger Stadium. Mickey Lolich (7-10) pitched an 8-hit complete game victory.

The Chicago White Sox scored 2 unearned runs in the top of the 8th inning and the Milwaukee Brewers scored an unearned run in the bottom of the 8th as the White Sox won 2-1 before 12,119 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee. Tommy John (6-12) pitched a 5-hit complete game victory to win the pitchers' duel over Al Downing (3-6), who allowed 6 hits in 7.2 innings.

Tony Oliva batted 4 for 4 with a sacrifice fly, home run, 2 runs, and 4 runs batted in to lead the Minnesota Twins to an 8-6 win over the Oakland Athletics before 15,731 fans at Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum. Dave Duncan's 3-run homer climaxed a 4-run 9th-inning rally for the Athletics, who had runners on first and third bases with 2 out before Joe Rudi grounded out to relief pitcher Ron Perranoski to end the game. Jim Perry (13-6) allowed 11 hits and 6 earned run in 8.1 innings to get the win over Catfish Hunter (13-6).

Jim Fregosi led off the bottom of the 9th with a single and beat a throw to home plate on a ground ball by Ken McMullen with 1 out to give the California Angels a 3-2 win over the Kansas City Royals before 7,733 fans at Anaheim Stadium.

40 years ago
1980

Religion
Pope John Paul II continued his tour of Brazil with a brief stop at Teresina before visiting Belem, where he conducted a mass and visited Lepers Hospital.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the producers price index--the price paid by retailers for finished goods--rose 0.8% in June, prompting Council on Wage and Price Stability director Robert Russell to comment, "It shows you inflation isn’t over."

Football
CFL
Calgary (0-1) 20 @ Ottawa (1-0) 26
Saskatchewan (0-1) 24 @ British Columbia (1-0) 39

Baseball
Major League All-Star Game @ Dodger Stadium, Los Angeles
American League 2 National League 4

With the NL trailing 2-0 in the bottom of the 5th inning, Ken Griffey of the Cincinnati Reds hit a home run off Tommy John of the New York Yankees to break up a perfect game. Mr. Griffey singled in the 7th to set up the game’s final run and was voted the most valuable player. Steve Stone of the Baltimore Orioles started on the mound for the AL and threw 3 perfect innings, the first pitcher to do so since Denny McLain of the Detroit Tigers in 1966. J.R. Richard of the Houston Astros started for the NL, giving up 1 hit and 2 bases on balls while striking out 3 in 2 innings. The American League started the scoring in the 5th when Fred Lynn of the Boston Red Sox hit a 2-run home run, Rod Carew of the California Angels scoring ahead of him. The win was the 9th in a row and 17th in the last 18 games for the National League, giving them a 32-18-1 lead since the first game in 1933. 56,088 were in attendance to see the first All-Star Game at Dodger Stadium and the second in Los Angeles. The second game of 1959 attracted 55,105 fans to Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum.





30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Eagle Rock--Daddy Cool (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Verdammt - ich lieb' dich--Matthias Reim

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 I Promised Myself--Nick Kamen (6th week at #1)
2 Verdammt - ich lieb' dich--Matthias Reim
3 I Can't Stand It!--Twenty 4 Seven featuring Capt. Hollywood
4 Hey, Wickie--Der Schreckliche Sven & die tollkühnen Plattenreiter
5 Ooops Up--Snap!
6 Insieme: 1992--Toto Cutugno
7 Alle meine Lieda--Remix-Poidl
8 Infinity (1990's...Time for the Guru)--Guru Josh
9 Black Velvet--Alannah Myles
10 White and Black Blues--Joëlle Ursull

Singles entering the chart were Killer by Adamski (#20); Step by Step by New Kids on the Block (#29); and All I Wanna Do is Make Love to You by Heart (#30).

Died on this date
Howard Duff, 76. U.S. actor. Mr. Duff appeared in various movies and television programs, but was perhaps best known for playing the title role in the radio series The Adventures of Sam Spade (1946-1950).

World events
The Albanian regime of President Ramiz Alia agreed to permit thousands of people who had sought refuge in foreign embassies to emigrate.

Law
Two days after Louisiana Governor Buddy Roemer had vetoed an anti-abortion bill because it had no exceptions for rape or incest, both houses of the state legislature passed a bill that did make exceptions for rape or incest, providing that the rape was reported to police within seven days.

Soccer
FIFA
World Cup
Final @ Stadio Olimpico, Rome
West Germany 1 Argentina 0

Andy Brehme scored the game's ony goal on a penalty kick in the 85th minute before 73,603 fans as West Germany avenged its loss to Argentina in the 1986 final.



25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me, Kill Me--U2

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): 21 Go'nat historier--Timm & Gordon (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Conquest of Paradise--Vangelis (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Pour que tu m'aimes encore--Céline Dion (9th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Pour que tu m'aimes encore--Céline Dion (9th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Conquest of Paradise--Vangelis (10th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Boom Boom Boom--The Outhere Brothers

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Waterfalls--TLC
2 Don't Take it Personal (Just One of Dem Days)--Monica
3 One More Chance/Stay with Me--The Notorious B.I.G.
4 Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?--Bryan Adams
5 Total Eclipse of the Heart--Nicki French
6 Water Runs Dry--Boyz II Men
7 Scream/Childhood--Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson
8 I Can Love You Like That--All-4-One
9 Let Her Cry--Hootie & the Blowfish
10 I'll Be There for You/You're All I Need to Get By--Method Man featuring Mary J. Blige

Singles entering the chart were 'Til You Do Me Right by After 7 (#71); Remember Me this Way by Jordan Hill (#89); Roll to Me by Del Amitri (#90); Can't Cry Anymore by Sheryl Crow (#92); Take Your Time (Do it Right) by Max-A-Million (#94); and Died in Your Arms by Intonation featuring Joee (#97).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Waterfalls--TLC
2 Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?--Bryan Adams
3 Don't Take it Personal (Just One of Dem Days)--Monica
4 Scream/Childhood--Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson
5 Total Eclipse of the Heart--Nikki French
6 Water Runs Dry--Boyz II Men
7 Someone to Love--Jon B featuring Babyface
8 One More Chance/Stay with Me--The Notorious B.I.G.
9 Run-Around--Blues Traveler
10 I Can Love You Like That--All-4-One

Singles entering the chart were Good by Better than Ezra (#37); I Love You by Mary J. Blige (#51, charting with its A-side, You Bring Me Joy); Roll to Me by Del Amitri (#71); Survival of the Fittest by Mobb Deep (#73); I Could Fall in Love by Selena (#87); and So Many Tears by 2Pac (#90).

Economics and finance
Quebec Deputy Premier and Finance Minister Bernard Landry arrived in Mexico, leading a trade mission with 16 Quebec business leaders. Mr. Landry wished to promote Quebec expertise in the fields of energy, information technology, transportation, and finance.

Tennis
Top-seeded Steffi Graf of Germany defeated second-seeded Arantxa Sanchez Vicario of Spain 4-6, 6-1, 7-5 to win the women's singles title at Wimbledon for the sixth time.





Football
CFL
Calgary (2-0) 48 @ Shreveport (0-2) 17
San Antonio (1-1) 24 @ Baltimore (1-1) 50
Birmingham (1-1) 13 @ Hamilton (2-0) 31

Doug Flutie passed for 3 touchdowns and rushed for another to lead the Stampeders over the Pirates before 14,026 fans at the Independence Bowl. Tony Stewart and Tyrone Edwards rushed for Calgary TDs, and backup Calgary quarterback Jeff Garcia completed his first CFL touchdown pass, a 23-yard strike to Terry Vaughn. Shreveport quarterback Billy Joe Tolliver threw 2 touchdown passes to Wayne Walker.





20 years ago
2000

World events
Russian President Vladimir Putin delivered a state-of-the-nation address amid continued conflict in the rebel province of Chechnya. Mr. Putin said that only a strong central government could protect civic, political, and economic freedoms. He said that a free mass media was essential to the survival of a democracy, and expressed concern about corruption, a fragile economy, and the falling birth rate and aging of the population.

Politics and government
Alberta provincial treasurer Stockwell Day defeated erstwhile Reform Party leader Preston Manning in the second round of voting to become leader of the official opposition Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance, popularly known as the Canadian Alliance.

Defense
The U.S. plan for a national missile defense system suffered a setback when the "kill vehicle" that was to intercept and destroy an incoming warhead failed to separate from its booster rocket. A similar test in January had also failed. U.S. officials had not yet made a final decision on proceeding with the system, which advocates hoped to have in place by 2005, when North Korea was expected to have the ability to deploy long-range nuclear missiles.

Literature
Long lines formed at bookstores as Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, the fourth in a series of Harry Potter novels by J.K. Rowling, was published on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, with an initial print run of 5.3 million--1.5 million in the U.K., and 3.8 million in the U.S.A.

Health
The 13th International AIDS Conference opened in Durban, South Africa. The conference was opened by South African President Thabo Mbeki, who restated his doubt as to whether HIV caused AIDS. In some sub-Saharan African countries, 1/5 to 1/3 of the population was now infected with HIV, and the delegates debated how the expensive antiviral drugs, which had reduced the death rates from the disease in wealthier countries, could be made more widely available.

Religion
At a meeting in Denver, leaders of the apostate Episcopal Church and the apostate Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the largest U.S. Lutheran denomination, approved an alliance between the two groups, to take effect on January 1, 2001. Under the terms of the agreement, the churches recognized each other’s sacraments, and could share clergy and resources in the hopes of boosting membership. New Lutheran bishops were to be appointed for life, as was the case with Episcopal bishops. Preaching the gospel of Jesus Christ apparently never occurred to these churches as a way of increasing membership, but these two denominations were and are so apostate that they seem to have forgotten what the gospel is.

Tennis
Venus Williams of the United States won the Wimbledon women’s singles title, defeating fellow American Lindsay Davenport 6-3, 7-6 to become the first Negro American woman to win the title since Althea Gibson in 1957.



Baseball
The New York Yankees swept 2 interleague games from the New York Mets 4-2 and 4-2. The Yankees won the first game in the daytime before 54,165 fans at Shea Stadium and took a night game before 55,821 fans at Yankee Stadium. Dwight Gooden (3-3) and Roger Clemens (6-6) were the respective winning pitchers. It was the first time since 1903 that 2 teams had played each other in different ballparks twice on the same day.

Ken Griffey, Jr. hit 2 home runs and drove in 8 runs for the Cincinnati Reds as they beat the Cleveland Indians 14-5 in an interleague game before 54,335 fans at Cinergy Field in Cincinnati. Cincinnati leadoff hitter Chris Stynes batted 5 for 6 with a home run, double, 4 runs, and 2 runs batted in. Omar Vizquel hit 2 homers for the Indians.

Jeremy Giambi singled home Ben Grieve from second base with none out in the bottom of the 10th inning to give the Oakland Athletics an 8-7 win over the Arizona Diamondbacks in an interleague game before 54,268 fans at Network Associates Coliseum in Oakland. The Diamondbacks scored 4 runs in the top of the 8th inning, but the Athletics rallied for 5 in the bottom of the 8th to tie the score.

10 years ago
2010

Died on this date
Maje McDonnell, 89. U.S. baseball pitcher and coach. Robert McDonnell played basketball and baseball at Villanova University before joining the Philadelphia Phillies as a batting practice pitcher in 1947. He remained with the team as a coach (1948-1957) and scout (1958-1960) before serving in the team's community relations department (1973-2009). Mr. McDonnell died 12 days before his 90th birthday.