July 9, 2020

1,360 years ago
660

War
Korean forces under General Kim Yu-sin of Silla defeated the army of Baekje in the Battle of Hwangsanbeol in what his now South Korea.

480 years ago
1540

Britannica
King Henry VIII of England annulled his marriage to his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves.

275 years ago
1745

War
French forces commanded by the Vicomte du Chayla defeated the Pragmatic Allies in the Battle of Melle in East Flanders, allowing them to capture Ghent five days later.

230 years ago
1790

War
In the Baltic Sea, the Swedish Navy captured one-third of the Russian fleet in the Second Battle of Svensksund.

210 years ago
1810

Franciana
Emperor Napoleon I annexed the Kingdom of Holland as part of the First French Empire.

170 years ago
1850

Died on this date
Zachary Taylor, 65. 12th President of the United States of America, 1849-1850. General Taylor was a career soldier nicknamed "Old Rough and Ready," who fought in the War of 1812; against the Indians in the northwest and in Florida; and in the Mexican War, rising to the rank of brevet brigadier general. Gen. Taylor became a national hero at Buena Vista when he defeated the numerically superior forces of the Mexican commander Santa Anna in an all-day battle. The Whig party chose him as their presidential candidate in 1848, and he rode his wartime popularity to win the election over Democratic candidate Lewis Cass and former President Martin Van Buren, the nominee of the anti-slavery Free Soil party. As President, Mr. Taylor took the position that new states admitted to the union would be free states, i.e., those that didn’t allow slavery. He urged unconditional admission to the union of California and New Mexico. Before the issue could be settled, President Taylor appeared at ceremonies connected with building the Washington Monument, and was stricken with cholera, which proved fatal. He was the second president to die in office (William Henry Harrison died in 1841 a month into his term), serving just 16 months.

Báb, 30. Iranian religious leader. The Báb, born Siyyid `Alí Muhammad Shírází, founded Bábism, and was one of the central figures of the Bahá'í Faith. He was a merchant in Iran who, at the age of 24, claimed to be a messenger of God. The Báb promoted the idea that there is one incorporeal, unknown, and incomprehensible God, who manifests his will in a series of personages known as Manifestatons of God. The Báb is believed by Bahá'í adherents to have been a forerunner of Bahá'u'lláh, founder of the Bahá'í Faith. The Báb was held under house arrest in Saudi Arabia from 1845-1846, and was arrested in Iran in 1848 and convicted of blasphemy. He was imprisoned until his execution by firing squad.

Politics and government
Vice President Millard Fillmore became the 13th President of the United States, acceding to the office upon the death of President Zachary Taylor.

140 years ago
1880

Died on this date
Paul Broca, 56. French physician. Dr. Broca was best known for his research on Broca's area, a region of the frontal lobe named after him. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage, 11 days after his 56th birthday.

120 years ago
1900

Australiana
The British Parliament proclaimed that as of January 1, 1901, the six Australian colonies would be united as the Commonwealth of Australia.

Abominations
45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children, were massacred in Taiyuan, Sanxi, China, allegedly on the orders of Shanxi Governor Yuxian.

Economics and finance
The Banque provinciale du Canada (BPC) opened in Montreal; it was a reorganization of the Banque Jacques-Cartier, which had closed in 1899.

80 years ago
1940

War
Naval warfare between Italian and British warships in the Mediterranean Sea, near Crete and east of Malta, entered its second day; the Italian battleship Cavour was severely damaged.

Diplomacy
The Japanese government reiterated its demand that the United Kingdom close the Burma Road, while demanding that the United States apologize for the arrest two days earlier of 16 armed Japanese gendarmes for trespassing on U.S. property in Shanghai.

U.S. Ambassador to France William Bullitt established a legation in Vichy.

The New York Times reported a growing sentiment for creation of a Union of Arab States as a result of the French capitulation to Germany.

Politics and government
The British Colonial Office appointed the Duke of Windsor (formerly King Edward VIII) Governor of the Bahamas.

The United States Senate confirmed Henry L. Stimson as Secretary of War.

Economics and finance
The British government of Prime Minister Winston Churchill imposed rationing of tea.

Baseball
Major League All-Star Game @ Sportsman's Park, St. Louis
American League 0 National League 4

Five National League pitchers combined to hold the American League to 3 hits in pitching the first shutout in All-Star Game history. Paul Derringer of the Cincinnati Reds pitched the first 2 innings for the NL, followed by Bucky Walters of the Reds; Whit Wyatt of the Brooklyn Dodgers; and Larry French of the Chicago Cubs, who also hurled 2 innings each. Carl Hubbell of the New York Giants pitched the 9th inning. Many of the 32,373 fans had just taken their seats when the NL scored all the runs they would need off American League starting pitcher Red Ruffing of the New York Yankees. Arky Vaughan of the Pittsburgh Pirates led off the bottom of the 1st inning with a single, and Billy Herman of the Cubs did the same. Max West of the Boston Bees batted third, and hit a 3-run home run.





75 years ago
1945

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Sentimental Journey--Les Brown and his Orchestra (vocal chorus by Doris Day) (6th week at #1)
--Hal McIntyre and his Orchestra
--The Merry Macs
2 Bell Bottom Trousers--Tony Pastor and his Orchestra
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians
--Louis Prima and his Orchestra
3 There! I've Said it Again--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra (vocal refrain by Vaughn Monroe and the Norton Sisters)
--Jimmy Dorsey and his Orchestra
4 Caldonia--Louis Jordan and the Tympany Five
--Woody Herman and his Orchestra
--Erskine Hawkins and his Orchestra
5 You Belong to My Heart--Bing Crosby and Xavier Cugat and his Orchestra
--Charlie Spivak and his Orchestra
6 Dream--The Pied Pipers
--Frank Sinatra
--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra
7 Laura--Johnnie Johnston
--Woody Herman and his Orchestra
--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra
--Dick Haymes
8 The More I See You--Dick Haymes
--Harry James and his Orchestra
9 Candy--Johnny Mercer, Jo Stafford and the Pied Pipers with Paul Weston and His Orchestra
--Dinah Shore
--Johnny Long and his Orchestra and Dick Robertson
10 Close as Pages in a Book--Benny Goodman and his Orchestra
--Bing Crosby

Singles entering the chart were Your Socks Don't Match by Bing Crosby and Louis Jordan and his Tympany Five (#36); I'm Gonna Love that Gal (Like She’s Never Been Loved Before) by Perry Como (#37); and June Comes Around Every Year by Tommy Dorsey and his Orchestra (#38). I'm Gonna Love that Gal (Like She’s Never Been Loved Before) was the B-side of If I Loved You, currently charting at #20 with the versions by Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra.

Space
A total solar eclipse was seen in Idaho, Montana, eastern Canada, Greenland, Scandinavia, and Russia, while a partial eclipse was visible in most of the Northern Hemisphere.

War
Chinese forces reported retaking two former U.S. air bases at Sincheng in the province of Kiangsi and Tanchuk in the province of Kwangsi. Nanking, the main city of Kiangsi, was also taken.

Diplomacy
U.S. Ambassador-designate to the United Nations Edward Stettinius presented the United Nations Charter to the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee at the opening of hearings on the subject.

Moscow radio, quoting the Soviet newspaper Pravda, demanded the ouster of "reactionary forces" from Iran and drastic economic and political reforms.

Economics and finance
U.S. authorities in Germany announced a three-point plan for the I.G. Farben chemical plants seized, including a transfer to the United Nations of assets that might be used for reconstruction.

70 years ago
1950

Died on this date
Ismail Sidky Pasha, 75. Prime Minister of Egypt, 1930-1933, 1946. Mr. Sidky joined the Wafd Party in 1915, but left the party shortly after World War I. He served as Ministers of Finance (1921, 1922) and Interior (1922, 1924-1925), and then retired from politics. Mr. Sidky returned to politics with the People's Party, and was Prime Minister during the negotiation of the Anglo-Egyptian treaty of 1936, which established Egypt as a technically sovereign state, although still under British control. He retired from politics again in 1938, but returned as Prime Minister from February-December 1946, resigning after failing to unite Egypt and Sudan under Egyptian sovereignty.

War
U.S. Army Headquarters in Washington ordered the Second Infantry Division at Fort Lewis, Washington and other combat units from the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 6th Army areas placed on alert for transfer to the Korean front.

Politics and government
U.S. National Security Resources Board Chairman Stuart Symington became supreme chief of war mobilization under a reorganization plan submitted by President Harry Truman and passed by Congress.

Disasters
A series of earthquakes destroyed mountain villages in northeastern Colombia, causing over 150 deaths.

60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Swingin' School/Ding-A-Ling--Bobby Rydell (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: Scandalo al sole (The Theme from "A Summer Place")--Percy Faith and his Orchestra (10th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Milord--Dalida (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Good Timin'--Jimmy Jones (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Everybody’s Somebody’s Fool--Connie Francis (3rd week at #1)
2 Alley-Oop--The Hollywood Argyles
--Dante and the Evergreens
3 I'm Sorry--Brenda Lee
4 Because They're Young--Duane Eddy and the Rebels
5 A Rockin' Good Way (To Mess Around and Fall in Love)--Dinah Washington & Brook Benton
6 Cathy’s Clown--The Everly Brothers
7 Only the Lonely (Know How I Feel)--Roy Orbison
8 My Home Town--Paul Anka
9 Mule Skinner Blues--The Fendermen
10 Wonderful World--Sam Cooke

Singles entering the chart were Look for a Star, with versions by Billy Vaughn and his Orchestra; Garry Mills; and Nicky Como (#37, charting with the versions by Garry Miles; and Deane Hawley); Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polkadot Bikini by Brian Hyland (#64); A Woman, a Lover, a Friend (#74)/(You were Made For) All My Love (#86) by Jackie Wilson; Theme from The Apartment by Ferrante and Teicher with their Orchestra & Chorus (#90); Wasted Days, Wasted Nights by Freddie Fender (#95); I Know One by Jim Reeves (#96); Lonely Little Robin by the Browns (#97); The Teacher by the Falcons (#98); Worried Life Blues by Ray Charles and his Orchestra (#100); Dreamin' by Johnny Burnette (also #100); and I've Been Loved Before by Shirley and Lee (also #100). Theme from The Apartment, as the title indicates, was a version of the theme from the movie. Wasted Days, Wasted Nights was the original version of the song that became a major hit for Mr. Fender in a new version in 1975.

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polkadot Bikini--Brian Hyland (2nd week at #1)
2 Only the Lonely (Know How I Feel)--Roy Orbison
3 Mule Skinner Blues--The Fendermen
4 Tell Laura I Love Her--Ray Peterson
5 I'm Sorry--Brenda Lee
6 Walk - Don't Run--The Ventures
7 Alley-Oop--The Hollywood Argyles
8 Image of a Girl--The Safaris with the Phantom's Band
9 Mission Bell--Donnie Brooks
10 Pink Chiffon--Mitchell Torok

Singles entering the chart were It's Now or Never (#41)/A Mess of Blues (#48) by Elvis Presley; That's When I Cried by Jimmy Jones (#45); Heartbreak by Jon Thomas (#51); So Blue by the Vibrations (#52); Question by Lloyd Price and his Orchestra (#53); Pennies from Heaven by the Skyliners (#55); The Untouchables by the Applejacks (#56); Something Happened by Paul Anka (#58); Have Some Popcorn by Janet and Jay (#59); and If the World Don't End Tomorrow (I'm Comin' After You) by Doug Warren and the Rays (#60).

Died on this date
Edward Burlingame Hill, 87. U.S. composer. Professor Hill taught at Harvard University (1908-1940), where his students included Leonard Bernstein, Roger Sessions, Walter Piston, and Virgil Thomson. Prof. Hill's works included four symphonies, four symphonic poems, and two piano concertos.

Canadiana
7-year-old Roger Woodward became the first person known to survive an unprotected fall over Niagara Falls.

Golf
Kel Nagle shot a 1-under-par 71 in the final round to win the British Open at the Old Course at St. Andrews, Scotland with a 10-under-par total score of 278, 1 stroke ahead of Arnold Palmer, who shot a 4-under-par 68 in the final round. First prize money was £1,250 ($3,500).





Art Wall, Jr. won the Canadian Open at St. George's Golf and Country Club in Etobicoke, Ontario with a 19-under-par scored of 269, 6 strokes ahead of Bob Goalby and Jay Hebert. First prize money was $3,500.

Football
CFL
Edmonton Eskimos intrasquad game @ Clarke Stadium
Green 15 Gold 7

Baseball
The Los Angeles Dodgers released minor league pitcher Tom Lasorda, ending his career. Mr. Lasorda played with the Brooklyn Dodgers (1954-1955) and Kansas City Athletics (1956), compiling a record of 0-4 with an earned run average of 6.48 in 26 games. He was 136-104 in 14 seasons in the minor leagues (1945-1960), including 9 seasons (1950-1955, 1958-1960) with the Montreal Royals of the AAA International League. Mr. Lasorda was 2-5 with an 8.20 ERA, batting .200 with 1 home run and 1 run batted in in 12 games with Montreal in 1960.

The Boston Red Sox edged the New York Yankees 6-5 before 24,423 fans at Fenway Park in Boston, handing Jim Coates his first loss after 14 straight wins--his last 5 decisions in 1959 and first 9 in 1960. Vic Wertz led the Red Sox with a home run, double, and single.

Harmon Killebrew hit a solo home run in the 6th inning and added a 2-run homer as part of a 5-run 8th to help the Washington Senators defeat the Baltimore Orioles 7-2 before 7,319 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore.

The Chicago White Sox scored 5 runs in the 1st inning and 3 in the 2nd as they overcame an early 2-run deficit to defeat the Cleveland Indians 8-4 before 22,716 fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago.

Norm Cash tripled home 2 runs and scored on a sacrifice fly by Al Kaline, and Rocky Colavito followed with a home run as the Detroit Tigers scored 4 runs in the top of the 1st inning and coasted to a 6-1 win over the Kansas City Athletics before 9,337 fans at Municipal Stadium in Kansas City. Pete Burnside (4-4) pitched a 5-hit complete game victory.

With 2 out and nobody on base in the top of the 10th inning, Frank Robinson singled, Ed Bailey drew a base on balls, and pinch hitter Dutch Dotterer singled home Mr. Robinson to break a 5-5 tie as the Cincinnati Reds edged the Milwaukee Braves 6-5 before 24,600 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee. The Reds scored single runs in the 8th and 9th to tie the score.

Ernie Banks led off the 12th inning with a home run to break a 6-6 tie as the Chicago Cubs beat the San Francisco Giants 7-6 before 17,145 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco. Winning pitcher Don Elston (5-4) allowed 2 hits in 6 scoreless innings of relief.

Tony Taylor tripled with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning and Jose Herrera followed with a single to score Mr. Taylor, giving the Philadelphia Phillies a 2-1 win over the Pittsburgh Pirates before 19,541 fans at Connie Mack Stadium in Philadelphia. Gene Conley (6-4) pitched a 4-hitter, winning the pitchers' duel over Vernon Law (11-4), who allowed 8 hits in a complete game.

Ken Boyer hit a solo home run with 1 out in the top of the 9th inning to break a 3-3 tie as the St. Louis Cardinals edged the Los Angeles Dodgers 4-3 before 43,161 fans at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. Lindy McDaniel (5-3) allowed 3 hits in 4 scoreless innings to get the win in relief of Ernie Broglio.

50 years ago
1970

Died on this date
Sigrid Holmquist, 71. Swedish actress. Miss Holmquist appeared in several silent films in Sweden before moving to Hollywood, appearing in 13 more silent movies, including The Light that Failed (1923) and The Age of Innocence (1924) before retiring from the screen in 1926. She died in Sydney, Australia.

Protest
Four days of race riots between Negroes and whites in Asbury Park, New Jersey concluded with 165 people ending up in hospital. State police officers were called in to help the Negro police chief.

Defense
U.S. Defense Secretary Melvin Laird reported that the Soviet Union had continued to deploy new intercontinental ballistic missiles despite the strategic arms limitation talks with the United States. His assertion contradicted reports from other officials that no sites for the largest Soviet missiles had been built since the previous August.

Politics and government
U.S. President Richard Nixon proposed the creation of an independent Environmental Protection Agency and the combination of air and sea research into a new arm of the Department of Commerce.

Scandal
After 17 hours of deliberation, a U.S. federal court jury in New York found Dr. Martin Sweig, former administrative aide to House of Representatives Speaker John W. McCormack (Democrat--Massachusetts), guilty on one count of perjury involving influence peddling, but acquitted him on a conspiracy charge and five other perjury counts. He was convicted of lying about telephone calls that he had made on behalf of a young man who was trying to get out of the Army. A week earlier, Rep. McCormack, appearing as the final witness called by the U.S. Government, had testified that he had been unaware that his office was being misused for the benefit of commercial clients. Mr. Sweig had been charged with several acts of perjury before a grand jury and conspiring with lawyer and lobbyist Nathan Voloshen to misuse the prestige of the Speaker’s office for Mr. Voloshen’s clients. Indicted with Mr. Sweig, Mr. Voloshen had pleaded guilty in a surprise move at the opening of the trial in June.

Disasters
An overcrowded Philippine motor boat sand near Leyte Island, drowning 21, with 5 reported missing.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Winnipeg (1-1) 29 @ Hamilton (0-1) 12

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (Hot Press): Theme from MASH--The Mash (2nd week at #1)

Religion
Pope John Paul II continued his tour of Brazil with an address and mass in Fortaleza.

Football
CFL
Montreal (0-1) 11 @ Toronto (1-0) 18
Winnipeg (0-1) 13 @ Edmonton (1-0) 36

Willie Wood made a successful regular season debut as the first Negro head coach in the Canadian Football League as his Argonauts defeated the Alouettes at Exhibition Stadium. Among those playing their first CFL game with the Argonauts were linebacker Danny Bass and wide receiver Terry Greer. Former Alouette receiver Bob Gaddis, recently cut by the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, was a late addition to the Toronto roster. To make room for him, rookie Calvin Muhammad was moved to the injured list, where he remained all season before going to the National Football League for six years.

Tom Wilkinson started at quarterback for the Eskimos and threw 3 touchdown passes to lead the Eskimos to an easy win at Commonwealth Stadium. Winnipeg quarterback Dieter Brock set a team record with 450 yards passing, but put only 1 touchdown on the board on a pass to Rick House. Winnipeg punter Bob Cameron and kicker Trevor Kennerd each made their CFL debuts, beginning careers that lasted 23 and 12 seasons, respectively. Former Eskimo Larry Washington was held to 8 yards on 4 rushes in what turned out to be his last CFL game. Neil Lumsden, recently acquired by the Eskimos in a trade with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, rushed for the Eskimos’ first touchdown of the 1980s.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Odoru Pompokolin (おどるポンポコリン)--B.B.Queens

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Verdammt, Ich Lieb' Dich--Matthias Reim (8th week at #1)

World events
51 refugees attempting to flee Albania were flown from Tirana to Prague. It was the beginning of an exodus of thousands of refugees fleeing the regime of Albanian President Ramiz Alia.

Economics and finance
The heads of government of the 7 major industrial democracies met on the campus of Rice University in Houston for the beginning of their 16th annual summit on international economic issues.

25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Scream--Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): Laß uns schmutzig Liebe machen--Die Schröders

#1 single in Switzerland: Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?--Bryan Adams (2nd week at #1)

Music
After a 30-year run, the Grateful Dead played their last concert, at Soldier Field in Chicago.

Abominations
The Sri Lankan Air Force bombed the Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in Navaly, Sri Lanka, killing 125 Tamil civilian refugees.

Protest
French commandos board the Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior II in the South Pacific Ocean; the ship was protesting continued French nuclear testing.

Tennis
Pete Sampras became the first American to win the men's singles title at Wimbledon for three straight years, defeating Boris Becker of Germany 6-7, 6-2, 6-4, 6-2 in the final.



20 years ago
2000

Terrorism
Fijian rebels reached an agreement with the military, ending the hostage crisis that had begun on May 19 when seven armed men attacked the parliament building and took 85 hostages. It was agreed that the Great Council of Chiefs would choose the nation’s next president. The current President, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, had dismissed Prime Minister Mahendra Chaudhry, one of the hostages, to help bring a political resolution.

Disasters
Scavengers and residents were killed when a mountain of garbage, loosened by rain, collapsed and burst into flames at Manila’s biggest dump. Squatters’ shanties were flattened, and 136 people were killed with 150 unaccounted for.

Tennis
Pete Sampras of the United States won his fourth straight Wimbledon men’s singles title, defeating Patrick Rafter of Australia 6-7, 7-6, 6-4, 6-2. The title was the 13th for Mr. Sampras in a Grand Slam event, moving him past Roy Emerson of Australia for the career record. It was Mr. Sampras’ seventh Wimbledon title, tying Willie Renshaw’s record from the 19th century.





Baseball
Tyler Houston hit 3 home runs and drove in 6 runs to lead the Milwaukee Brewers to a 10-3 win over the Detroit Tigers in an interleague game before 19,037 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee.

10 years ago
2010

Football
CFL
Toronto (1-1) 36 @ Winnipeg (1-1) 34