July 10, 2020

1,375 years ago
645

Died on this date
Soga no Iruka. Japanese assassination victim. Soga no Iruka, a son of Minister of State Soga no Emishi, was assassinated by Prince Naka-no-Ōe and Fujiwara no Kamatari during a coup d'état at the imperial palace in front of Empress Kōgyoku. Soga no Emishi committed suicide the next day.

730 years ago
1290

Died on this date
Ladislaus IV, 27. King of Hungary and Croatia, 1272-1290. Ladislaus IV, the son of King Stephen V, was kidnappd and imprisoned by rebellious lord Joachim Gutkeled in 1272, and was still a prisoner when King Stephen died. King Ladislaus was declared in 1277 to be of age, but was unable to restore royal power in Hungary. His mother Elizabeth was a Cuman, and King Ladislaus's support for the pagan Cumans helped to make him very unpopular. 26 days before his 28th birthday, King Ladislaus IV was assassinated by three Cuman assassins, and was succeeded on the throne by Andrew III.

560 years ago
1460

War
House of York forces commanded by Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, defeated King Henry VI's Lancastrian forces in the Battle of Northampton and took King Henry prisoner.

510 years ago
1510

Died on this date
Catherine Cornaro, 55. Queen of Cyprus, 1474-1489. Queen Catherine was from a Venetian noble family, and married King James II of Cyprus by proxy in 1468, marrying him in person in Cyprus in 1472. When King James died on July 10, 1473, Queen Catherine became regent, and became queen in her own right when their son James died before his first birthday. Cyprus was controlled by Venetian merchants during her reign, and having no heir, she was forced to abdicate in 1489 in favour of the Doge of Venice. Catherine was allowed to retain her title of Queen, and was made Lady of Asolo of the Republic of Venice.

375 years ago
1645

War
Parliamentarian forces commanded by Sir Thomas Fairfax defeated Royalist forces of George, Lord Goring in the Battle of Langport in the First English Civil War.

220 years ago
1800

Academia
Governor-General of India Lord Wellesley founded Fort William College in Fort William, India.

130 years ago
1890

Americana
Wyoming entered the Union as the 44th state.

125 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Carl Orff. German composer and teacher. Mr. Orff was best known for his cantata Carmina Burana (1937). He used an approach called Schulwerk, combining music, movement, drama, and speech to teach music to children. Mr. Orff died of cancer on March 29, 1982 at the age of 86.

120 years ago
1900

Born on this date
Mitchell Parish. Lithuanian-born U.S. songwriter. Mr. Parish, born Michael Pashelinsky, emigrated to the United States with his family as an infant. He wrote lyrics to such songs as Stardust; Stars Fell on Alabama; Deep Purple; Sweet Lorraine; and Volare. Mr. Parish died on March 31, 1993 at the age of 92.

100 years ago
1920

Born on this date
Edward Lowe. U.S. businessman. Mr. Lowe invented cat litter, and founded Edward Lowe Industries, selling the company for $200 million in 1990. He died on October 4, 1995 at the age of 75.

David Brinkley. U.S. journalist. Mr. Brinkley was a reporter with the National Broadcasting Company from 1943-1981; from 1956-1970 he co-hosted NBC's nightly newscast with Chet Huntley, which was known as the Huntley-Brinkley Report. Mr. Brinkley moved to the American Broadcasting Company in 1981 and hosted the Sunday panel show This Week with David Brinkley from 1981-1996. He died on June 11, 2003, 29 days before his 83rd birthday.

Owen Chamberlain. U.S. physicist. Dr. Chamberlain and Emilio Gino Segrè were awarded the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physics "for their discovery of the antiproton," a subatomic particle. Dr. Chamberlain died of Parkinson's disease on February 28, 2006 at the age of 85.

Died on this date
John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher, 79. Ceylonese-born U.K. military officer and politician. Admiral of the Fleet "Jacky" Fisher held numerous commands during a 60-year career in the Royal Navy, and was known as a champion of naval reform. He served as First Sea Lord (1904-1910, 1914-1915), overseeing the construction of the battleship HMS Dreadnought and advocating the development of submarines. Baron Fisher retired as First Sea Lord on his 69th birthday, but came out of retirement at the start of World War I. He had frequent disputes with First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill, and resigned again following the failure of the Gallipoli campaign in 1915. Baron Fisher died of cancer.

Politics and government
Acting on the advice of his doctors, Sir Robert Borden resigned after almost nine years as Prime Minister of Canada. Governor General the Duke of Devonshire offered the office to former Finance Minister William T. White, but Mr. White declined, and Mr. Borden was succeeded as head of the Unionist government by Minister of Mines, Minister of the Interior, and Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs Arthur Meighen, who represented the Manitoba riding of Portage la Prairie in the House of Commons.

80 years ago
1940

Died on this date
Donald Tovey, 64. U.K. musicologist and composer. Sir Donald was best known for his six-volume Essays in Musical Analysis (1935-1939). He was a pianist whose relatively few compositions included a symphony, chamber music, and works for piano. Sir Donald died a week before his 65th birthday.

War
The Battle of Britain began when Luftwaffe fighters attacked shipping convoys off the southeast coast of England.

Politics and government
The Vichy government was established in France, as the parliament passed a resolution giving total power to Marshal Philippe Petain.

The United States Senate approved Frank Knox as Secretary of the Navy.

Diplomacy
Romania announced its withdrawal from the League of Nations.

Defense
Asking Congress for $4.8 billion in additional defense funds, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt promised, "We will not send our men to take part in European wars." The Senate passed and sent to conference a "$75-billion two-ocean navy bill.

75 years ago
1945

War
Acting U.S. Secretary of State Joseph Grew denied rumours that the U.S. had received peace feelers from Japan. In the greatest combined air assault on Japan to date, 600 U.S. Superfortresses, 1,000 carrier-based craft, and 300 planes from Okinawa attacked several cities on the Japanese island of Honshu. Australian and Dutch troops in Borneo occupied Teloktebang and Kariango peninsulas along Balik Papan Bay near the mouth of the Sumber River. Counterattacking Japanese troops forced the British from Nyaungkasho, an outpost on the lower Sittang River bend 70 miles northeast of the Burmese capital of Rangoon.

Diplomacy
El Salvador's Constitutional Assembly ratified the United Nations Charter.

The United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee debated whether the U.S. representative to the United Nations Security Council shall have the right to vote on the use of U.S. forces against an aggressor.

The United States Army relinquished operation of the Irnian state railway to the Iranian government.

Crime
Five German soldiers were hanged at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas for the November 4, 1943 slaying of fellow prisoner Johannes Kunze in Tonkawa, Oklahoma. Mr. Kunze had been beaten to death after being accused of writing a "traitorous" note. The five executed men had been sentenced to death on January 25, 1944 by a court martial and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt had approved the death sentences on October 5, 1944.

Labour
The 16,000 striking employees of the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company in Akron, Ohio refused a National War Labor Board request to return to work.

Baseball
Bert Shepard, who had lost the lower part of his right leg while fighting in World War II in 1944 but had been hired by the Washington Nationals as a coach in 1945, was the starting pitcher for the Nationals in an exhibition game against the Brooklyn Dodgers before more than 23,000 fans at Griffith Stadium in Washington. Mr. Shepard walked the first 2 batters to face him before settling down, allowing just 1 hit and no runs for the first 3 innings. He allowed 4 straight singles and 2 runs in the 4th inning, but left the game after that inning with the Nationals leading 3-2, and was declared the winning pitcher.

70 years ago
1950

On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: I Dreamt I Died

This was a restaging of a story originally broadcast on November 28, 1949.

War
U.S. troops, backed by air and artillery concentrations, halted a North Korean tank-led drive after it advanced more than half the distance from captured Chonan to the emergency South Korean capital at Taejon. The U.S. Army called for 20,000 draftees, but the Air Force and Navy said that they were getting enough volunteers to meet their initial manpower needs.

Diplomacy
The Czechoslovakian government charged that American military planes had been dropping the Colorado beetle (the potato bug) in flights over the C.S.S.R. and East Germany, and warned that there may be "consequences" if the flights continued.

Politics and government
The U.S. House of Representatives voted 249-71 to kill President Harry Truman's proposal to give the Federal Security Agency departmental status.

60 years ago
1960

Died on this date
Sæbjørn Buttedahl, 83. Norwegian-born actor and sculptor. Mr. Buttedahl began his acting career on stage in 1896, and worked at Centralteatret in Oslo (then known as Kristiana) from 1907-1924. He also achieved prominence as a sculptor of busts of theatrical personalities. Mr. Buttedahl appeared in three silent films from 1926-1927. He emigrated to the United States in 1926, and eventually settled in San Diego.

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Gimme Dat Ding--The Pipkins (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Goodbye Sam, Hello Samantha--Cliff Richard

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Come Softly to Me--Percy Sledge (2nd week at #1)
2 Yellow River--Christie
3 Working on a Good Thing--Outlet
4 I Don't Believe in If Anymore--Roger Whittaker
5 Daughter of Darkness--Tom Jones
6 Up Around the Bend--Creedence Clearwater Revival
7 Which Way You Goin' Billy?--The Poppy Family
8 In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry
9 Cottonfields--The Beach Boys
10 Little Green Bag--George Baker Selection

Singles entering the chart were The Wonder of You by Elvis Presley (#15); Groovin' with Mr. Bloe by Mr. Bloe (#19); and The Wedding by Jody Wayne (#20).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Hitchin' a Ride--Vanity Fare
2 Mama Told Me (Not to Come)--Three Dog Night
3 I'm Gonna Capture You--Terry Jacks
4 Are You Ready?--Pacific Gas & Electric
5 Ride Captain Ride--Blues Image
6 Teach Your Children--Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
7 (They Long to Be) Close to You--Carpenters
8 Gimme Dat Ding--The Pipkins
9 Baby Hold On--The Grass Roots
10 Band of Gold--Freda Payne

Singles entering the chart were Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours by Stevie Wonder (#25); Cinnamon Girl by Neil Young with Crazy Horse (#27); Freedom Blues by Little Richard (#29); and O-o-h Child by the Five Stairsteps (#30).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKVN)
1 Are You Ready?--Pacific Gas & Electric (2nd week at #1)
2 Question--The Moody Blues
3 Spill the Wine--Eric Burdon and War
4 Get Ready--Rare Earth
5 Your Own Back Yard--Dion
6 Gimme Shelter--Merry Clayton
7 Ride Captain Ride--Blues Image
8 Teach Your Children--Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
Ohio--Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young
9 Mama Told Me (Not to Come)--Three Dog Night
10 Crazy Jane--Tom Northcott

Singles entering the chart were O-o-h Child by the Five Stairsteps (#28); Tighter, Tighter by Alive and Kicking (#29); and In the Summertime by Mungo Jerry (#30).

Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 Gimme Dat Ding--The Pipkins (2nd week at #1)
2 A Song of Joy (Himno a la Alegria)--Miguel Rios
3 Mississippi--John Phillips
4 The Long and Winding Road--The Beatles
5 Crazy Jane--Tom Northcott
6 Mama Told Me (Not to Come)--Three Dog Night
7 Canned Ham--Norman Greenbaum
8 Ride Captain Ride--Blues Image
9 Nothing Can Touch Me (Don't Worry Baby, It's Alright)--The Original Caste
10 Teach Your Children--Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young

Died on this date
Bjarni Benediktsson, 62. Prime Minister of Iceland, 1963-1970. Mr. Benediktsson, a member of the Independence Party, was Mayor of Reykjavik (1940-1947) and then served as Iceland's Foreign Minister, leading Iceland into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in 1949. Mr. Benediktsson became Minister of Justice and Speaker of the Althing in 1959, and became leader of the Independence Party in 1961, serving as acting Prime Minister from September-December 1961. He succeeded Ólafur Thors as Prime Minister and served in that office until his death in a fire at a government summer house. His wife and grandson also died in the fire.

Personal
This blogger went fishing with his parents and others at Lac La Martre, Northwest Territories and caught three lake trout. On the flight home to Yellowknife, I sat in the co-pilot’s seat of the Beechcraft, and Bob Engle let me take the wheel for a few minutes--while the plane was in the air.

World events
The People’s Republic of China released U.S. Roman Catholic Bishop James Walsh, 79, after 12 years of solitary confinement in prison. He was released to Hong Kong officials. The Maryknoll missionary, from Cumberland, Maryland, had been arrested in Shanghai on October 18, 1958 and sentenced to 20 years in prison for espionage. At the time of his release the Chinese announced that Hugh Redmond, 50, a businessman from Yonkers, New York who had been imprisoned since 1954 for alleged espionage, had committed suicide on April 13.

Defense
U.S. sources in Cambodia reported that Thailand had assured the Cambodians that she would provide help for their defense if needed.

Education
U.S. Attorney General John Mitchell disclosed that the Justice Department had sued six more Florida school districts that day to complete action in that state against districts refusing to segregate. These, in addition to 46 districts sued the previous day, would, he said, mean that virtually all school districts in Arkansas, Florida, Mississippi, and South Carolina would have complied voluntarily or would be involved in litigation by the time the fall term began. Also the U.S. Internal Revenue Service warned that the tax-exempt status of private schools continuing to practice racial discrimination in their admissions policies would be revoked under a new policy.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
British Columbia (0-2) @ Saskatchewan (1-0) 27

Baseball
Ron Santo doubled home Jim Hickman and scored on a 1-out single by Johnny Callison in the 2nd inning as the Chicago Cubs shut out the Philadelphia Phillies 2-0 before 22,399 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Ferguson Jenkins (10-10) pitched a 5-hitter, while losing pitcher Grant Jackson (1-8) allowed 4 hits and 2 earned runs in 6.1 innings.

The Cincinnati Reds and Atlanta Braves split a doubleheader before 44,804 fans at Atlanta Stadium, with the Braves winning the first game 11-9 and the Reds winning the second game 3-1. In the first game, Atlanta first baseman Orlando Cepeda hit 2 home runs, while losing pitcher Jim Merritt (14-7) hit his first homer of the season and Cincinnati shortstop Woody Woodward, playing in his 684th career major league game, hit his only major league home run, off Ron Reed. In the second game, all the scoring took place in the 9th inning. With 2 out and nobody on base, Dave Concepcion reached first base on an error by Atlanta shortstop Sonny Jackson, and catcher Pat Corrales hit a long drive that glanced off Hank Aaron's glove and went over the fence for a 2-run homer. It was Mr. Corrales' only home run of the season, and the fourth and last of his major league career. Mr. Woodward, batting for pitcher Tony Cloninger, drew a base on balls, and eventually scored on a single by Bobby Tolan. Pinch hitter Jimmie Hall homered to lead off the bottom of the 9th for Atlanta and Hank Aaron singled with 2 out, but Mr. Cepeda struck out to end the game. Cincinnati leadoff hitter Pete Rose of the Reds had 5 singles in as many at bats in the second game. Mr. Cloninger (2-2) allowed 4 hits in 8 innings and was credited with the win over George Stone (7-5), who allowed 12 hits and no earned runs in 8.2 innings.

Coco Laboy batted 3 for 5 with 2 doubles, a run, and 4 runs batted in to help the Montreal Expos defeat the New York Mets 9-7 before 29,394 fans at Shea Stadium in New York. Carl Morton (10-6) allowed 10 hits and 6 earned run in 7.1 innings to get the win over Jerry Koosman (5-5).

After Al Oliver led off the 9th inning with a home run to break a 2-2 tie, relief pitcher Dave Giusti tripled home John Jeter and Bill Mazeroski with 2 out and scored on a bunt single by Matty Alou as the Pittsburgh Pirates scored 4 runs and beat the St. Louis Cardinals 6-2 before 23,920 fans at Busch Memorial Stadium in St. Louis. Mr. Giusti (6-0) pitched 1.2 scoreless innings in relief of Jim Nelson to get the win, while Bob Gibson (12-4) allowed 12 hits and 6 earned runs in a complete game loss.

The Los Angeles Dodgers held on to beat the San Diego Padres 9-7 before 18,888 fans at San Diego Stadium despite giving up 4 home runs and 5 runs in the 9th inning. Wes Parker led the Dodgers with 2 doubles and a triple. The Padres trailed 9-2 when Ivan Murrell, Ed Spiezio, and Dave Campbell all hit solo home runs off Los Angeles starting pitcher Bill Singer. Jose Pena then entered the game in relief of Mr. Singer and gave up a 2-run homer to Cito Gaston. Al Ferrara was then hit by a pitch, but Nate Colbert struck out to end the game.

Ed Brinkman bunted for a single with 1 out in the bottom of the 3rd inning and Frank Howard followed with a home run to provide the deciding runs as the Washington Senators edged the New York Yankees 2-1 before 16,225 fans at Robert F. Kennedy Stadium in Washington. Dick Bosman (9-7) pitched a 4-hitter to outduel Steve Kline (0-1), who allowed 8 hits and 2 earned runs in a complete game, walking 1 batter and striking out 3, making 1 putout and 1 assist, and batting 0 for 2 in his first major league game.

Les Cain (9-2) allowed 4 hits and 2 earned runs in 6.2 innings and singled home 2 runs to lead the Detroit Tigers to a 4-2 win over the Baltimore Orioles before 44,568 fans at Tiger Stadium. Jim Palmer (12-6) allowed 9 hits and 3 earned runs in 6 innings to take the loss.

Ed Kirkpatrick hit a home run in each game for the Kansas City Royals as they swept a doubleheader from the Chicago White Sox 8-6 and 2-0 before 12,463 fans at Municipal Stadium in Kansas City.

Jim Fregosi's 2-run home run in the bottom of the 1st inning offset a run in the top of the 1st as the California Angels edged the Minnesota Twins 2-1 before 22,106 fans at Anaheim Stadium. Andy Messersmith (8-8) pitched a 6-hitter to outduel Jim Kaat (7-7), who allowed 7 hits and 2 earned runs in 6 innings.

40 years ago
1980

Died on this date
Joseph Krumgold, 72. U.S. author and screenwriter. Mr. Krumgold won Newbery Medals for his children's novels ...And Now Miguel (1953) and Onion John (1959), becoming the first two-time winner of the award. He wrote screenplays and stories for about 20 movies from 1935-1960, and died of a stroke.

Religion
Pope John Paul II continued his tour of Brazil, beginning the day in Fortaleza before moving on to Brazil.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Whose Law (Is it Anyway?)--Guru Josh

Politics and government
At the 28th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in Moscow, U.S.S.R. President Mikhail Gorbachev was re-elected as the party’s general secretary by a 3-1 margin.

Baseball
Major League All-Star Game @ Wrigley Field, Chicago
American League 2 National League 0

6 pitchers combined to hold the NL to 2 hits in a rain-delayed game before 39,071 fans. Julio Franco of the Texas Rangers drove in both runs in the 7th inning and was named the game's most valuable player.



25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy: The Colour Inside--Ti.Pi.Cal. (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Scatman's World--Scatman John (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): '74–'75--The Connells (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Wish You were Here--Rednex (2nd week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Leave Virginia Alone--Rod Stewart (2nd week at #1)
2 This Ain't a Love Song--Bon Jovi
3 Misery--Soul Asylum
4 Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?--Bryan Adams
5 December--Collective Soul
6 Water Runs Dry--Boyz II Men
7 I'll Be There for You--The Rembrandts
8 Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me, Kill Me--U2
9 Genuine--Mae Moore
10 I Believe--Blessid Union of Souls

Singles entering the chart were Where Do I Go from Here? by Jon Secada (#71); Colors of the Wind by Vanessa Williams (#72); This is a Call by Foo Fighters (#77); Beneath My Hand by 13 Engines (#79); Down from Above by Moxy Fruvous (#82); Waterfalls by TLC (#89); Human Nature by Madonna (#90); and Kiss from a Rose by Seal (#91).

Died on this date
Mehmet Ali Aybar, 86. Turkish politician. Mr. Aybar was a Marxist who was president of the Workers Party of Turkey (TİP) (1962-1969), and sat in the Turkish Parliament (1965-1969). He didn't support the 1968 Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, and resigned from the TİP over the issue in 1971. Mr. Aybar founded the Socialist Party (later called the Socialist Revolution Party) in 1975, leading it until it was shut down by the military in 1980. He also served on the International War Crimes tribunal. Mr. Aybar died of heart failure.

World events
Pro-democracy activist Saw Aung San Suu Kyi, winner of the 1991 Nobel Peace Prize, was freed from house arrest by the government of Myanmar. In 1988 she had helped to found the National League for Democracy, which had won the national election in 1990, only to have the results nullified by the ruling junta. Ms. Aung San Suu Kyi had been placed under house arrest in 1989 for "endangering the state."

20 years ago
2000

Politics and government
A national referendum confirmed Bashar al-Assad, son of the late President Hafez al-Assad, as the new President of Syria.

Ezer Weizman, who in May had announced his intention to resign, formally stepped down as President of Israel. Israel’s attorney general had found that Mr. Weizman had acted improperly in not revealing more than $300,000 in donations from a French businessman.

Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak survived a non-confidence vote in the Knesset. Three parties had withdrawn from his ruling coalition, fearing that Mr. Barak would give up too much in his forthcoming summit with Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat at Camp David, Maryland.

Business
European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company NV (EADS), the world's second-largest aerospace group, was formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra, Daimler-Chrysler Aerospace (DASA), and Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA).

10 years ago
2010

Football
CFL
Calgary (2-0) 23 @ Hamilton (0-2) 22
Saskatchewan (2-0) 37 @ British Columbia (1-1) 18