April 22, 2021

1,725 years ago
296

Died on this date
Caius. Bishop of Rome, 283-296. Caius succeeded Eutychian as Bishop of Rome and served during a time of increasing anti-Christian persecution. His legend states that Caius took refuge in the catacombs of Rome and died a martyr. He was succeeded as Bishop of Rome by Marcellinus.

1,430 years ago
591

Died on this date
Peter III, 40-41 (?). Patriarch of Antioch, 581-591. Peter III was installed as Patriarch of Antioch (head of the Syriac Orthodox Church) after Paul II was deposed by Coptic Orthodox Church Pope Damian of Alexandra. A schism developed between the churches, which Peter was unable to heal before he died of natural causes and was succeeded by Julian II.

1,175 years ago
846

Died on this date
Wuzong, 31. Emperor of China, 840-846. Wuzong, born Li Chan, acceded to the throne upon the death of his older brother Wenzong. He was a devout Taoist who was known for his persecution of Buddhists, and was also known for his successful reactions against incursions by remnants of the Uyghur Khanate. Wuzong died after months of illness--perhaps caused by taking "immortality" pills designed by Taoist chemists--and was succeeded by his uncle Xuanzong.

200 years ago
1821

Died on this date
Gregory V, 74-75. Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, 1797-1798, 1806-1808, 1818-1821. Gregory V was not only the leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church, but also Ethnarch (ethnic leader) of the Orthodox Millet (court of law) at the time of the beginning of the Greek War of Independence in 1821. He condemned the Greek revolutionaries in order to protect Greeks in Constantinople from reprisals by Ottoman Turks, but was nevertheless blamed by Sultan Mahmud II for his inability to suppress the Greek uprising. Gregory V was hanged by the Ottoman government from the main gate of the Patriarchate in Constantinople and his body was thrown into the Bosphorus. A massacre of the city's Greek population followed. The Patriarch's body was eventually interred in the Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens. He was succeeded by Eugenius II.

150 years ago
1871

Died on this date
Martín Carrera, 64. President ot Mexico, 1855. Brigadier General Carrera entered the Mexican Army at the age of 9 as a cadet and was a career officer. He was a member of the National Legislative Junta charged with writing the Bases Orgánicas (constitution) in 1843 and Senator of the Republic (1844-1846). When Antonio López de Santa Anna resigned the presidency in 1855, a junta of representatives named Brig. Gen. Carrera interim president to replace him. He served from August 5-September 12, 1855, resigned after calling elections for a constituent congress, and retured to private life.

130 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Nicola Sacco. Italian-born U.S. criminal. Mr. Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were anarchists who were convicted of the April 15, 1920 armed robbery and murder of a guard and paymaster with the Slater and Morrill Shoe Company in South Braintree, Massachusetts. They were convicted of first-degree murder on July 14, 1921; appeals dragged on for six years, but were denied, despite protests by prominent people in the United States and other countries. Messrs. Sacco and Vanzetti were executed in the electric chair at Charlestown State Prison on August 23, 1927. Mr. Sacco was 36 at the time of his death.

120 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Taylor Douthit. U.S. baseball player. A native of Little Rock, Mr. Douthit played 11 years as an outfielder in the major leagues from 1923-1933, mostly with the St. Louis Cardinals. He was the starting center fielder with the team that won the World Series in 1926 and National League pennants in 1928 and 1930. He was traded to the Cincinnati Reds during the 1931 season and to the Chicago Cubs in 1933. In 1,074 major league games, Mr. Douthit batted .291. In 13 World Series games he batted just .140, with a best of .267 in 1926. Mr. Douthit died in Fremont, California on May 28, 1986 at the age of 85.

80 years ago
1941

Theatre
The New York Drama Critics Circle named Watch on the Rhine by Lillian Hellman as the Best American Play of the 1940-41 season. The Corn is Green by Emlyn Williams was named Best Foreign Play.

War
King George II of Greece abandoned Athens for Crete after the Greek Army of Epirus surrendered, with German troops less than 100 miles from Athens.

Defense
2,000 American soldiers were landed at Manila from the transport ship Republic to augment the Philippine defense forces.

U.K. Secretary of State for India and Burma Leo Amery told the House of Commons that an army of 500,000 was rapidly being formed in India.

Diplomacy
The U.S.S.R. formally protested to Germany over 80 alleged border violations by Nazi planes from March 27-April 18, 1941.

Academia
The New York Board of Higher Education suspended eight instructors and three administrative assistants of City College of New York who were charged with being members of the Communist Party and obstructing the Rapp-Coudert committee's investigation of subversive activities.

Labour
Operators of soft coal mines in the southern United States resumed negotiations in New York with northern operators and the United Mine Workers of America.

The Congress of Industrial Organizations Textile Workers Union voted at its convention to bar members of Nazi, Fascist, or Communist organizations from holding union office.

75 years ago
1946

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Oh! What it Seemed to Be--Frankie Carle and his Orchestra (6th week at #1)
--Frank Sinatra
--Charlie Spivak and his Orchestra
--Dick Haymes and Helen Forrest
2 Personality--Johnny Mercer
--Bing Crosby
3 One-zy, Two-zy (I Love You-zy)--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra
--Phil Harris and his Orchestra
4 Shoo Fly Pie (And Apple Pan Dowdy)--Stan Kenton and his Orchestra
--Dinah Shore
5 You Won't Be Satisfied (Until You Break My Heart)--Les Brown and his Orchestra
--Perry Como
6 Doctor, Lawyer, Indian Chief--Betty Hutton
--Les Brown and his Orchestra
7 Prisoner of Love--Perry Como
8 Hey! Ba-Ba-Re-Bop--Lionel Hampton and his Orchestra
9 Seems Like Old Times--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra
--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians
10 All Through the Day--Frank Sinatra
--Perry Como

Singles entering the chart were Laughing on the Outside (Crying on the Inside), with versions by Dinah Shore; and Andy Russell (#13); Cement Mixer (Put-ti Put-ti) by Alvino Rey and his Orchestra (#20); and Josephine Please No Lean on the Bell, with versions by Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra; and Jerry Colonna (#29).

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on MBS
Tonight's episode: The Tankerville Club

At the movies
The Falcon's Alibi, directed by Ray McCarey, ans atarring Tom Conway, Rita Corday, Vince Barnett, Jane Greer, and Elisha Cook, Jr., opened in theatres.



Died on this date
Harlan F. Stone, 73. 12th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1941-1946. Mr. Stone was U.S. Attorney General from 1924-1925 in the administration of President Calvin Coolidge, and was then appointed an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, replacing the retiring Charles Evans Hughes. Chief Justice Stone died in office; he was succeeded by Fred Vinson.

Lionel Atwill, 61. U.K.-born U.S. actor. Mr. Atwill had a distinguished career on stage, but is best remembered for his appearances in horror and mystery movies, including Doctor X (1932); Mystery of the Wax Museum (1933); Murders in the Zoo (1933); Son of Frankenstein (1939); The Hound of the Baskervilles (1939); and Sherlock Holmes and the Secret Weapon (1942). He died of lung cancer and pneumonia.

Masataka Kaguragi. Japanese military officer. General Kaguragi and four others were hanged by U.S. authorities in Shanghai for ordering the deaths of three American airmen captured after the 1942 air raid on Tokyo led by Jimmy Doolittle.

World events
U.S. military headquarters in Frankfurt reported evidence indicating that the recent poisoning of German prisoners of war in an American-operated camp was the result of a plot against 15,000 German SS prisoners held there.

Diplomacy
In an address to Tyrolese refugees in Innsbruck, Austrian Chancellor Leopold Figl urged that the Tyrol be returned to Austria.

Politics and government
Japanese Prime Minister Kijuro Shidehara and his cabinet resigned, but he continued his efforts to form a coalition cabinet.

Communists in Chungking announced their refusal to participate in the Chinese government or the proposed constitutional assembly as long as the "civil war" continued.

Iranian Prime Minister Ahmad Ghavam Saltaneh announced a seven-point proposal to Azerbaijan under which the autonomous province could return to central government control.

Defense
The United States Army announced that it had discharged seven million men since the start of demobilization on May 12, 1945.

Law
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that an alien seeking U.S. citizenship need not pledge to bear arms in defense of the United States.

Economics and finance
U.S. Senator Arthur Vandenberg (Republican--Michigan) approved of the U.S. loan to the United Kingdom on the basis of "intelligent American self-interest," warning that the refusal of of aid might force the British into "unintended socialization."

Labour
The American Federation of Labor announced plans for an organizational drive in the South with a goal of one million new members.

70 years ago
1951

War
The Chinese spring offensive began as an estimated 400,000 Communist troops attacked along a 95-mile front in central and western Korea. The Chinese People's Volunteer Army began assaulting positions defended by the Royal Australian Regiment and the Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry at the Battle of Kapyong. The Chinese army attacked the Second Battalion of Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry defending Hill 677; the Princess Pats were greatly outnumbered, hundreds up against thousands of Chinese and North Koreans advancing on the South Korean capital of Seoul. The Canadians held the enemy off for ten hours with traps and bombs, with food and ammunition dropped by plane. The battle ended on April 25.

Defense
The U.S. Defense Department said that it was ready to meet Republican Party demands to open all records or President Harry Truman's administration's handling of Korean and Far Eastern affairs.

Politics and government
U.K. Labour Minister Aneurin Bevan, leader of the Labour Party's left wing, quit the cabinet of Prime Minister Clement Attlee in protest against the government's policy of cutting back social programs to finance rearmament.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Surrender--Elvis Presley

#1 single in Italy: Jealous of You--Connie Francis (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Babysitter-Boogie--Ralf Bendix

#1 single in the Netherlands (Dutch Top 40): Non je ne regrette rien--Edith Piaf (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Are You Sure--The Allisons (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Runaway--Del Shannon
2 Blue Moon--The Marcels
3 Mother-in-Law--Ernie K-Doe
4 But I Do--Clarence "Frogman" Henry
5 A Hundred Pounds of Clay--Gene McDaniels
6 Apache--Jorgen Ingmann and his Guitar
7 On the Rebound--Floyd Cramer
8 I’ve Told Every Little Star--Linda Scott
9 You Can Depend on Me--Brenda Lee
10 Please Love Me Forever--Cathy Jean and the Roommates

Singles entering the chart were Pony Time by Don Covay and the Goodtimers (#20, charting with the version by Chubby Checker); Breakin’ in a Brand New Broken Heart by Connie Francis (#58); Running Scared by Roy Orbison (#65); Mama Said by the Shirelles (#67); Saved by LaVern Baker (#69); (Dance the) Mess Around by Chubby Checker (#70); Hello Mary Lou (#77)/Travelin’ Man (#96) by Ricky Nelson; Tragedy by the Fleetwoods (#78); For Your Love by the Wanderers (#81); Flaming Star by Elvis Presley (#89); A Dollar Down by the Limeliters (#91); Lullaby of Love by Frank Gari (#95); Exodus by Eddie Harris (#97); You Set My Heart to Music by Johnny Mathis (#99); Big Big World by Johnny Burnette (#100); Life’s a Holiday by Jerry Wallace (also #100); and Three Little Fishes by Buzz Clifford (also #100).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Runaway--Del Shannon (4th week at #1)
2 Running Scared--Roy Orbison
3 After the Hurricane--Paul Evans
4 The Great Snow Man--Bob Luman
5 Shy Away--Jerry Fuller
6 Theme for a Dream--Cliff Richard and the Shadows
7 On the Rebound--Floyd Cramer
8 Abdul's Party--Larry Verne
9 Flaming Star--Elvis Presley
10 A Hundred Pounds of Clay--Gene McDaniels

Singles entering the chart were Hello Mary Lou/Travelin’ Man by Ricky Nelson (#31); Little Egypt (Ying-Yang) by the Coasters (#34); Breakin’ in a Brand New Broken Heart by Connie Francis (#35); The Rebel - Johnny Yuma by Johnny Cash (#39); I Fall to Pieces by Dodie Stevens (#42); Buzz Buzz A-Diddle-It by Freddy Cannon (#44); The Legend of Gunga Din by the Crew Cuts (#48); Big Big World by Johnny Burnette (#49); and Brass Buttons by the String-A-Longs (#50). The Rebel - Johnny Yuma was the theme song from the television Western series The Rebel (1959-1961).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 Running Scared--Roy Orbison (2nd week at #1)
2 Runaway--Del Shannon
3 After the Hurricane--Paul Evans
4 The Great Snow Man--Bob Luman
5 Flaming Star--Elvis Presley
6 Abdul's Party--Larry Verne
7 Shy Away--Jerry Fuller
8 Blue Moon--The Marcels
9 Theme for a Dream--Cliff Richard and the Shadows
10 Hop Scotch--Santo & Johnny

Singles entering the chart were Big Big World by Johnny Burnette (#19, charting with its other side, Ballad of the One Eyed Jacks); Little Devil by Neil Sedaka (#22); Moody River by Pat Boone (#34); The Rebel - Johnny Yuma by Johnny Cash (#39); and Frogg by the Brothers Four (#40).

On television tonight
The Roaring 20's, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Scandal Sheet

Boxing
World middleweight champion Paul Pender (39-5-2) retained his title with a 15-round unanimous decision over former world welterweight and middleweight champion Carmen Basilio (56-16-7) at Boston Garden. Mr. Basilio was knocked down for the first time in his career, and it turned out to be his last fight.



50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): Non, non rien n'a changé--Les Poppys (4th week at #1)

Space
The U.S.S.R. launched Soyuz 10, whose crew consisted of Commander Vladimir Shatalov, Flight Engineer Aleksei Yeliseyev, and Systems Engineer Nikolai Rukavishnikov, from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

Business
Toronto-based Consumers' Gas acquired controlling interest in Home Oil Ltd. of Calgary.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Semi-Finals
Chicago 1 @ New York 4 (New York led best-of-seven series 2-1)
Minnesota 6 @ Montreal 3 (Best-of-seven series tied 1-1)

Vic Hadfield led the Rangers over the Black Hawks at Madison Square Garden with 3 goals, while linemate Jean Ratelle assisted on all 4 New York goals.

The North Stars’ win over the Canadiens at the Montreal Forum marked the first time that an expansion team had defeated an established team in a Stanley Cup game. Montreal coach Al MacNeil benched veteran forward John Ferguson in the 3rd period, and the two clashed verbally before Mr. Ferguson smashed his stick and stormed off to the dressing room before the game was over.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Kiss on My List--Daryl Hall & John Oates (4th week at #1)
2 Keep on Loving You--REO Speedwagon
3 Morning Train (Nine to Five)--Sheena Easton
4 Angel of the Morning--Juice Newton
5 While You See a Chance--Steve Winwood
6 Somebody's Knockin'--Terri Gibbs
7 I Can't Stand It--Eric Clapton and his Band
8 You Better You Bet--The Who
9 Ain't Even Done with the Night--John Cougar
10 Rapture--Blondie

Singles entering the chart were You Better You Bet; and Sweetheart by Franke and the Knockouts (#19).

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Quarter-Finals
Edmonton 4 @ New York Islanders 3 (New York led best-of-seven series 3-2)
Calgary 4 @ Philadelphia 9 (Calgary led best-of-seven series 3-2)
Minnesota 4 @ Buffalo 3 (Minnesota won best-of-seven series 4-1)
New York Rangers 3 @ St. Louis 4 (New York led best-of-seven series 3-2)

Matti Hagman scored the winning goal for the Oilers against the Islanders with 4:41 remaining in the 3rd period at Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale.

Brian Propp scored 3 goals to lead the Flyers over the Flames at the Spectrum.

Al MacAdam’s goal 18 seconds into the 3rd period proved to be the winner as the North Stars eliminated the Sabres at War Memorial Auditorium.

Jorgen Pettersson’s goal at 6:09 of the 3rd period was the winning goal as the Blues staved off elimination against the Rangers at the Checkerdome.

Baseball
PCL
Tacoma 1 @ Edmonton 8

The Trappers achieved instant success at Renfrew Park in their first home game ever. After starting pitcher Reggie Patterson retired the Tigers in the top of the 1st inning, Jay Loviglio led off the bottom of the inning with a single. The next two batters reached base to load the bases for right fielder John Poff, who hit a grand slam. The capacity crowd included Trappers’ owner Peter Pocklington, who arrived by limousine.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Wednesday Moon--Hideaki Tokunaga

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Se mustamies--Hausmylly (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Joyride--Roxette (3rd week at #1)

On television tonight
Hollywood Detective, on A&E
Tonight's episode: Romanoff a Clef

Politics and government
Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney promised a Royal Commission on Aboriginal Affairs to settle all land claims by the year 2000. Mr. Mulroney named former Prime Minister Joe Clark as Minister of Constitutional Affairs; his task was to coordinate various ongoing negotiations and recommendations.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Division Finals
St. Louis 1 @ Minnesota 5 (Minnesota led best-of-seven series 2-1)
Los Angeles 3 @ Edmonton 4 (2 OT) (Edmonton led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Baseball
San Francisco Giants' second baseman Robby Thompson hit for the cycle, but the Giants lost 7-5 to the San Diego Padres before 12,156 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Fastlove--George Michael

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Children--Robert Miles (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Children--Robert Miles (5th week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Ironic--Alanis Morissette (4th week at #1)
2 Because You Loved Me--Céline Dion
3 Birmingham--Amanda Marshall
4 Follow You Down--Gin Blossoms
5 Nobody Knows--The Tony Rich Project
6 1979--Smashing Pumpkins
7 Let Your Soul Be Your Pilot--Sting
8 I Want to Come Over--Melissa Etheridge
9 Wonderwall--Oasis
10 Wonder--Natalie Merchant

Singles entering the chart were Rock and Roll All Nite by Kiss (#87); Chains by Tina Arena (#90); Only Happy When it Rains by Garbage (#95); Give Me One Reason by Tracy Chapman (#96); Brother by Toad the Wet Sprocket (#97); and Burn for You by Junkhouse (#98).

Died on this date
Jug McSpaden, 87. U.S. golfer. Harold Lee McSpaden won 28 tournaments in a professional career that began in 1927 and continued through the 1940s, but was best known for his large number of second-place finishes. He finished second to Byron Nelson in so many tournaments that the two were nicknamed the "Gold Dust Twins." Mr. McSpaden and his wife Betty, 73 or 74, were found dead in their home in Kansas City, Kansas. Their car was running in the garage that was attached to the house, and the deaths were ruled to be the result of accidental carbon monoxide poisoning.

Erma Bombeck, 69. U.S. humourist. Mrs. Bombeck wrote a popular newspaper column about suburban home life. Her column, which ran from 1965 until her death from kidney disease, appeared in as many as 900 newspapers. Mrs. Bombeck wrote 15 books, most of them bestsellers.

Politics and government
John Nunziata, member of the Canadian House of Commons for the metropolitan Toronto riding of York-South Weston, was expelled from the Liberal Party caucus for voting against the recent budget presented by Finance Minister Paul Martin. Mr. Nunziata was upset over the government's reneging on a promise to rescind the Goods and Services Tax, which had been implemented by the previous Progressive Conservative government of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Conference Quarter-Finals
Boston 2 @ Florida 6 (Florida led best-of-seven series 2-0)
Pittsburgh 4 @ Washington 1 (Washington led best-of-seven series 2-1)
Colorado 3 @ Vancouver 4 (Best-of-seven series tied 2-2)

10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
John Sullivan, 64. U.K. screenwriter. Mr. Sullivan wrote scripts for television comedy series, and was best known for Only Fools and Horses.... (1981-2003). He died after a six-week battle with viral pneumonia.