November 10, 2019

575 years ago
1444

Died on this date
Władysław III, 20. King of Poland, 1434-1444; King of Hungary and Croatia, 1440-1444. Władysław III, the son of King Władysław II, acceded to the throne at the age of 10, and accepted the crown of Hungary and Croatia six years later, where he was known as Ulaszlo I. 10 days after his 20th birthday, King Władysław III was killed by Ottoman forces in the Battle of Varna.

War
The crusading forces of King Władysław III of Poland were defeated by the Ottoman Turks under Sultan Murad II in the Battle of Varna in what is now Bulgaria.

470 years ago
1549

Died on this date
Paul III, 81. Roman Catholic Pope, 1534-1549. Paul III, born Alessandro Farnese, was appointed a cardinal in 1493, and acceded to the papacy following the death of Clement VII. Pope Paul apparently had difficulty living up to his vow of celibacy, as he had a mistress by whom he had five children. Pope Paul III initiated the Counter-Reformation with the Council of Trent in 1545, recognized new religious orders such as the Jesuits and Barnabites, and patronized the arts and sciences, while using nepotism to advance his family interests. He was succeeded by Julius III.

360 years ago
1659

Died on this date
Afzal Khan. Indian military leader. Afzal Khan was a general who served during the Bijapuri Sultanate of Ali Adil Shah II. In a purported peace meeting with Maratha leader Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj in which both men were supposed to be unarmed, Afzal Khan attacked his enemy with a dagger, but Shivahi was wearing armour under his clothing, and was unharmed. He then fatally stabbed Afzal Khan; the incident was immediately followed by the Battle of Pratapgarh.

War
Maratha forces led by Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj defeated the Adilshahi forces of Afzal Khan in the Battle of Pratapgarh in India.

260 years ago
1759

Born on this date
Friedrich Schiller. German physician, poet, playwright, and philosopher. Dr. Schiller practiced medicine, but was better known as Germany's most important classical playwright. He wrote philosophical papers, linking morality and aesthetics in philosophical poems. Dr. Schiller was a close friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and the two combined to write satirical poems to express their liberal views. Dr. Schiller died of tuberculosis on May 9, 1805 at the age of 45.

150 years ago
1869

Born on this date
Gaetano Bresci. Italian criminal. Mr. Bresci moved to the United States in his late twenties, where he became involved with anarchists. He returned to Italy and assassinated King Umberto I on July 29, 1900. Mr. Bresci was sentenced to penal servitude for life on Santo Stefano Island, but was found dead in prison on May 22, 1901 at the age of 31. He was reported to have hanged himself, but many suspected that he was murdered.

Died on this date
John Wool, 85. U.S. military officer. Major General Wool served with the United States Army in the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War, and the American Civil War; he was 77 when the latter war began, and was the oldest general on either side. Maj. Gen. Wool was regarded as a superb organizer, and was outraged when he was forcibly retired at the age of 79 by President Abraham Lincoln. He pressed for reinstatement until his death.

140 years ago
1879

Born on this date
Patrick Pearse. Irish revolutionary. Mr. Pearse trained as a lawyer, but tried only one case before moving into education. He established a bilingual school (English and Irish) as a way of preserving and promoting Irish culture. Mr. Pearse joined the Irish Volunteers in 1913, and was regarded as the leading voice of the Easter Rising in 1916. He was 36 when he was executed by firing squad on May 3, 1916 for his role in the Easter Rising.

Vachel Lindsay. U.S. poet. Mr. Lindsay achieved popularity in the 1910s, and was known for "singing poetry," in which verses were meant to be sung or chanted. Mr. Lindsay performed his poems in a theatrical manner in his personal appearances, which contributed to his popularity. He began to experience financial problems in the late 1920s, and these led to his suicide by drinking a bottle of the disinfectant Lysol on December 5, 1931, 25 days after his 52nd birthday.

130 years ago
1889

Born on this date
Claude Rains. U.K.-born U.S. actor. Mr. Rains was a popular character actor who appeared in such movies as The Invisible Man (1933); The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938); Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939); The Sea Hawk (1940); The Wolf Man (1941); Casablanca (1942); Mr. Skeffington (1944); Notorious (1946); and Lawrence of Arabia (1962). He died on May 30, 1967 at the age of 77.

125 years ago
1894

Born on this date
Boris Furlan. Slovene jurist and politician. Dr. Furlan worked as a lawyer in Italy in the 1920s, but fled Fascist persecution and went to Yugoslavia. He practiced and taught law there, but was evacuated to England in 1941 after Yugoslavia signed the Tripartite Pact with the Axis powers. Dr. Furlan held several posts with the Yugoslavian government-in-exile in London during World War II, and was one of its leading propagandists. He returned to Yugoslavia at the end of the war, and became the Dean of Law at the University of Ljubljana. Dr. Furlan ran afoul of Yugoslavia's Communist regime, and was convicted in a show trial in 1947; he was sentenced to death, but the sentence was later commuted to 20 years of forced labour. Dr. Furlan was released after 4½ years because of illness, but was severely injured in a reported beating by agents of the Yugoslavian secret police in November 1953. He died on June 10, 1957 at the age of 62.

110 years ago
1909

Born on this date
Johnny Marks. U.S. songwriter. Mr. Marks was known for writing Christmas songs such as Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1949); Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree (1958); and A Holly Jolly Christmas (1964). He died on September 3, 1985 at the age of 75.

100 years ago
1919

Born on this date
Michael Strank. Czechoslovakian-born U.S. soldier. Sergeant Strank moved to the United States with his parents at a young age. He enlisted in the United States Marine Corps in 1939, and served in the Pacific theatre during World War II. Sgt. Strank participated in the amphibious landing on Iwo Jima on February 19, 1945, and was one of the six Marines who raised the American flag four days later, and were pictured in the iconic photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima. He was killed in action by friendly artillery fire at the age of 28 on March 1, 1945, just six days after the flag-raising.

Moise Tshombe. Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1964-1965. Mr. Tshombe was elected President of the republic of Katanga when that province broke away from the Belgian Congo in 1960; he favoured continued ties with Belgium. The United Nations intervened and eventually forced Katanga to submit to Congolese rule. Mr. Tshombe fled to Northern Rhodesia and then to Spain, but returned to Congo in 1964 to serve as Prime Minister in a new coalition government. In 1965 he was dismissed by President Joseph Kasavubu, and in 1967 Joseph Mobutu, who had staged a successful coup against Mr. Kasavubu a year earlier, charged Mr. Tshombe with treason. Mr. Tshombe fled to exile in Spain, and he was sentenced to death in absentia. On June 30, 1967, a plane in which Mr. Tshombe was travelling was hijacked to Algeria. He was jailed and then kept under house arrest, and died of a heart attack on June 29, 1969 at the age of 49.

George Fenneman. Chinese-born U.S. radio and television announcer. Mr. Fenneman, born in Peking (Beijing) to American parents, appeared on numerous programs in a career spanning 50 years, but was best known as the announcer and sidekick of Groucho Marx on the game show You Bet Your Life (1947-1961) and one of the announcers on Dragnet (1949-1959, 1967-1970), both of which began on radio and then moved to television. Mr. Fenneman died of emphysema on May 29, 1997 at the age of 77.

Mikhail Kalashnikov. U.S.S.R. military officer and engineer. Lieutenant-General Kalashnikov served with the Red Army in World War II, but was best known for designing the AK-47 assault rifle (1947) and its various derivatives. He died after a prolonged illness on December 23, 2013 at the age of 94.

90 years ago
1929

Football
Canadian university
Manitoba 1 @ Alberta (2-2) 12

Most of the scoring took place in the 1st quarter as U of A defeated U of M at Varsity Stadium in Edmonton. Mr. Jacobs singled to give Manitoba a 1-0 lead, but Alberta responded with a pair of singles to take a 2-1 lead, and Freddie Hess scored an unconverted touchdown to make the score 7-1 after the 1st quarter. U of A led 9-1 at halftime and 10-1 after 3 quarters.

NFL
Orange (2-3-3) 0 @ New York (7-0-1) 22
Boston (3-3) 6 @ Staten Island (2-2-3) 14
Frankford (7-2-2) 7 @ Providence (2-5-2) 6
Green Bay (8-0) 14 @ Chicago Bears (4-3-1) 0
Minneapolis (1-6) 0 @ Chicago Cardinals (3-4-1) 8

The Steam Rollers' loss to the Yellow Jackets at the Cycledrome in Providence was their third loss in five days, and thier fourth game in six days.

75 years ago
1944

Died on this date
Wang Ching-wei, 61. Premier of China, 1932-1935; President of China, 1940-1944. Wang was originally a member of the Kuomintang ruling party, before becoming President of the Reorganized National Government of China, the collaborationist government in Nanking after the Japanese invasion of China. He died in Japan while undergoing treatment for a wound from an assassination attempt in 1939.

War
In a speech to the House of Commons, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill confirmed the use against Britain of German V-2 rockets. U.S. forces in Franc in the Metz-Nancy area drove to within 2½ miles of the German frontier north of Thionville. Soviet troops in Hungary expanded their bridgehead across the Tisza River, gaining up to 7 miles and cutting the railroad linking Budapest with eastern Slovakia. Japan claimed the capture of both Kweilin and Liuchow in the Chinese province of Kwangsi. Seven Japanese destroyers and three transports were sunk in Ormoc Bay, Philippines by Allied planes and a PT boat.

Disasters
The United States Navy ammunition ship USS Mount Hood exploded in Seeadler Harbor at Manus Island in the Admiralty Islands, killing all men aboard, obliterating the ship, and sinking or severely damaging 22 smaller craft nearby.

Society
11 women and 20 men convicted of polygamous marriage charges in Salt Lake City were given jail sentences of one year each after they were denied motions for a new trial.

Economics and finance
The U.S. War Production Board informed distillers that they could take a holiday from production of industrial alcohol in January 1945 to make liquor.

Business
500 delegates and assistants from 52 countries opened an international conference in Rye, New York, sponsored by the American Section of the International Chamber of Commerce; the Chamber of Commerce of the United States; the National Foreign Trade Conference; and the NAM. The aim of the meeting was to get back export capital in the shape of goods and services and provide raw materials to countries to promote world industrialization.

70 years ago
1949

Politics and government
The Danube River Commission was established in Galtai, Romania, with all important posts held by Soviet-bloc states.

Economics and finance
The French cabinet agreed to U.K. and U.S. suggestions for a cutback in the dismantling of West German factories on the condition that German steel production be kept below the present annual limit of 11.5 million tons.

Business
Financier Cyrus Eaton, testifying before a U.S. House of Representatives judiciary subcommittee investigating monopolies, accused the Securities and Exchange Commission of maintaining an "unholy alliance" with leading Wall Street investment banking firms.

60 years ago
1959

On television tonight
Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond, hosted by John Newland, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Message from Clara, starring Barbara Baxley and Robert Ellenstein



Movies
A U.S.A.-U.S.S.R. film exchange began with simultaneous premieres of the American film Marty (1955) in Moscow and the Soviet film The Cranes are Flying (1957) in Washington.

Diplomacy
French President Charles de Gaulle announced plans for a pre-summit visit to France by U.S.S.R. Premier Nikita Khrushchev.

Defense
Japanese Foreign Minister Alichiro Fujiyama told the Diet that the new U.S.-Japanese security treaty would require the United States to hold "prior consultations" with the Japanese government on the use of American bases in Japan in offensive operations.

Politics and government
Belgian Colonial Minister August de Schryver announced plans to form separate local governments of the kingdoms of Ruanda and Urundi, ending their subordination to the Belgian Congo administration.

The formation of a Cuban government-in-exile headed by Domingo Gomez Gimeranez was announced in New York.

Business
General Motors suspended all passenger car production for lack of steel, increasing strike-caused layoffs to 213,600.

Football
CRU
ORFU
Finals
Sarnia 17 @ London 14 (Sarnia won best-of-three series 2-0)

Chuck Stanley scored 2 touchdowns at Labatt Park to lead the Golden Bears to their second straight ORFU title. Ed Vernes converted one of Mr. Stanley’s touchdowns and added a field goal, while Tony Aloisio punted for a single. Earl Kaiser and Larry Aldrich scored touchdowns for the Lords, both of which were converted by Mr. Kaiser.

50 years ago
1969

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Kuroneko no Tango--Osamu Minagawa

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): In the Year 2525 (Exordium & Terminus)--Zager & Evans (2nd week at #1)

On television today
Sesame Street, on PBS

This was the first regular episode of the children's program, after five test episodes had been shown to limited audiences in New York and Philadelphia.



At the movies
Marooned, directed by John Sturges, and starring Gregory Peck, Richard Crenna, David Janssen, James Franciscus, and Gene Hackman, opened in theatres.



Change of Habit, starring Elvis Presley, Mary Tyler Moore, and Barbara McNair, opened in theatres. It was Mr. Presley's final film acting role.



War
U.S. Vice President Spiro Agnew called anti-Vietnam War protesters a "strident minority" who performed a "carnival in the streets." Transportation Secretary John Volpe told a news conference that the rallies were led or inspired by Communists.

Diplomacy
New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller's report on four fact-finding missions to Latin America was released. It stressed the need for sweeping reforms of U.S. policies in the hemisphere and warned that the Latin American nations were in a crisis and at a crossroads due to "the pace and intensity of change, imposed-on rampant inflation, urban violence, grinding poverty, embittering injustice and flaming nationalism."

40 years ago
1979

Hit parade
#1 single in Zimbabwe Rhodesia (Lyons Maid): I Don't Like Mondays--The Boomtown Rats

#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Se Tornassi--Julio Iglesias (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! (A Man After Midnight)--ABBA

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): One Day at a Time--Lena Martell (3rd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 We Belong to the Night--Ellen Foley (2nd week at #1)
2 Message in a Bottle--The Police
3 Sure Know Something--Kiss
4 Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! (A man after midnight)--ABBA
5 Whatever You Want--Status Quo
6 Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough--Michael Jackson
7 A Brand New Day--The Wiz Stars featuring Diana Ross & Michael Jackson
8 Crazy Little Thing Called Love--Queen
9 Tusk--Fleetwood Mac
10 Knock on Wood--Amii Stewart

Singles entering the chart were Weekend by Earth, Wind & Fire (#28); Laugh and Walk Away by the Shirts (#30); No More Tears (Enough is Enough) by Donna Summer/Barbra Streisand (#34); She's in Love with You by Suzi Quatro (#35); Money by the Flying Lizards (#36); and Ooh, Yes I Do by Luv' (#38).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Heartache Tonight--Eagles
2 Dim All the Lights--Donna Summer
3 Still--Commodores
4 Rise--Herb Alpert
5 Pop Muzik--M
6 Babe--Styx
7 No More Tears/Enough is Enough--Barbra Streisand/Donna Summer
8 Tusk--Fleetwood Mac
9 You Decorated My Life--Kenny Rogers
10 Please Don't Go--KC and the Sunshine Band

Singles entering the chart were Head Games by Foreigner (#63); Chiquitita by ABBA (#70); Deja Vu by Dionne Warwick (#83); Rapper's Delight by Sugarhill Gang (#84); Video Killed the Radio Star by the Buggles (#86); Mistrusted Love by Mistress (#89); and The Shape of Things to Come by the Headboys (#90).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Heartache Tonight--Eagles
2 Still--Commodores
3 Dim All the Lights--Donna Summer
4 Pop Muzik--M
5 Rise--Herb Alpert
6 Babe--Styx
7 You Decorated My Life--Kenny Rogers
8 Tusk--Fleetwood Mac
9 No More Tears/Enough is Enough--Barbra Streisand/Donna Summer
10 Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough--Michael Jackson

Singles entering the chart were Head Games by Foreigner (#60); Video Killed the Radio Star by the Buggles (#83); Third Time Lucky (First Time I was a Fool) by Foghat (#84); Ready for the '80s by the Village People (#87); Savannah Nights by Tom Johnston (#88); Lay it on the Line by Triumph (#90); Chiquitita by ABBA (#93); I Just Can't Control Myself by Nature's Divine (#97); and Since You Been Gone by Rainbow (#99).

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 Good Girls Don't--The Knack
2 Heartache Tonight--Eagles
3 Sail On--Commodores
4 Lead Me On--Maxine Nightingale
5 Pop Muzik--M
6 I'll Never Love this Way Again--Dionne Warwick
7 Rise--Herb Alpert
8 Sad Eyes--Robert John
9 Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough--Michael Jackson
10 Bad Case of Loving You (Doctor, Doctor)--Robert Palmer

Singles entering the chart were Cool Change by Little River Band (#91); Send One Your Love by Stevie Wonder (#93); Holiday in Hollywood by Richard Stepp (#95); This is It by Kenny Loggins (#97); Message in a Bottle by the Police (#99); and Let Me Know (I Have a Right) by Gloria Gaynor (#100).

Music
Bill Haley and his Comets, and Yul Brynner were among the artists who performed before Queen Elizabeth II in the Royal Variety Performance at the Royal Theatre, Drury Lane, London. Mr. Haley reportedly regarded this as the highlight of his career.



Diplomacy
Fearing clashes between American and Iranian demonstrators in the United States, U.S. President Jimmy Carter ordered the deportation of Iranian students illegally in America.

Environment
A 106-car Canadian Pacific freight train carrying explosive and poisonous chemicals from Windsor, Ontario derailed in Mississauga, just west of Toronto, causing a massive explosion and the largest peacetime evacuation in Canadian history and one of the largest in North American history.

Football
CFL
Western Semi-Final
British Columbia 2 @ Calgary 37

Ken Johnson threw 3 touchdown passes as the Stampeders erupted for 29 points in the 3rd quarter as they routed the Lions before 31,424 fans at McMahon Stadium. Willie Armstead, James Sykes, and Mike McTague caught the touchdown passes, while Ray Odums returned a blocked punt 32 yards for another 3rd-quarter major. J.T. Hay converted all 4 and added 2 field goals and 3 singles. The Stampeders led just 5-1 before Mr. Hay kicked a 37-yard field goal on the last play of the 1st half. The Lions scored the first and last points of the game on punt singles by Lui Passaglia. The Stampeders dominated the statistics as well as the scoreboard, amassing 28 first downs to B.C.’s 11 and 533 yards of net offense to 133 for the Lions. Willie Armstead caught 10 passes for 197 yards to lead the Calgary attack, while Kelvin Kirk caught 5 for 127. Mr. Johnson completed 28 of 36 passes for 467 yards in what was probably the best game of his CFL career. Ricky Ellis, playing his first game of the season after returning from an NFL tryout, led the Lions with 4 receptions for 41 yards. Larry Key carried 4 times for -5 yards. Jim Young, playing the final game of a 13-year career with the Lions (and 15 years as a professional) didn’t catch a pass. The game was also the last in the 10-year career of B.C. guard Larry Watkins.

CIAU
Forest City Bowl
Queen’s 14 @ Western Ontario 32

Hockey
NHL
St. Louis 5 @ Montreal 3
Toronto 8 @ Winnipeg 4

30 years ago
1989

Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Lambada--Kaoma (8th week at #1)

World events
East Germany opened more crossing points, and East Germans by the hundreds of thousands poured into the West to shop, look around, and be reunited with family and friends.

Politics and government
Todor Zhivkov, who had led Bulgaria's Communist Party since 1954 and had been President of Bulgaria since 1971, resigned both posts at a meeting of the party's Central Committee. Mr. Zhivkov, 78, was regarded as a hard-line Communist and loyal supporter of the U.S.S.R. The Central Committee named Foreign Minister Petar Mladenov to succeed him as the party's general secretary.

Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the 10 premiers concluded a conference in Ottawa without making any progress to resolve their differences on the Meech lake constitutional accord. Newfoundland Premier Clyde Wells threatened to withdraw his province's support for the accord, while Gary Filmon of Manitoba and Frank McKenna of New Brunswick reiterated their positions that the accord needed substantial amendment before it would be approved by their legislatures.

25 years ago
1994

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Feeling So Real--Moby (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Carmen McRae, 74. U.S. singer and musician. Miss McRae was a jazz singer and pianist who performed with the bands of Benny Carter, Count Basie, and Mercer Ellington, and recorded more than 60 albums.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that the index of prices charged by producers for finished goods had declined 0.5% in October, the same decline as in September.

20 years ago
1999

Crime
Kip Kinkel, who had killed his parents before fatally shooting 2 students and wounding 22 others at his school in Oregon in May 1998, was sentenced to life in prison without parole. He was 15 at the time of his rampage.

10 years ago
2009

Died on this date
John Allen Muhammad, 48. U.S. criminal. Mr. Muhammad, born John Allen Williams, converted to Islam in 1987, and changed his surname in 2001. He and accomplice Lee Boyd Malvo killed 10 people in sniper attacks in Virginia, Maryland, and the District of Columbia. Mr. Malvo was given multiple life sentences, while Mr. Muhammad was executed by lethal injection at Greensville Correctional Center near Jarratt, Virginia.

Robert Enke, 32. German soccer goalie. Mr. Enke played at the senior national level from 1995-2009, playing 164 of his 288 domestic games with Hannover 96 (2004-2009). He won eight full international caps for the German national team (1999-2009), and was considered to be a leading contender for Germany's number one goaltending position in the 2010 World Cup. Mr. Enke suffered from panic attacks and depression, and two days after playing for Hannover 96 in a 2-2 draw at home against Hamburg, he committed suicide by jumping in front of a regional express train at a level crossing in Eilvese, Neustadt am Rübenberge.

War
Ships of the South and North Korean navies skirmished off Daecheong Island in the Yellow Sea.