December 31, 2021

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Mike Matson!

530 years ago
1491

Born on this date
Jacques Cartier. French explorer. Mr. Cartier, a native of Saint-Malo, Brittany, led expeditions for France in 1534, 1535-1536, and 1541-1542, becoming the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas" after the Iroquoian names for the two big settlements he saw at Stadacona (Quebec City) and at Hochelaga (Montreal Island). He entered and departed 50 undiscovered harbours without serious mishap or losing a ship, and was one of the first to formally acknowledge that the New World was a land mass separate from Europe/Asia. Mr. Cartier spent his later years in Saint-Malo and his nearby estate, and died during an epidemic, possibly typhus, on September 1, 1557 at the age of 65.

520 years ago
1501

War
The First Battle of Cannanore commenced at Cannanore, India between Portuguese Empire forces commmanded by João da Nova and the Zamorin people of Calicut. It marked one of the earliest recorded deliberate uses of a naval line of battle, and for resolving the battle by cannon alone. The battle ended in a Portuguese victory two days later.

330 years ago
1691

Died on this date
Robert Boyle, 64. Irish chemist and physicist. Mr. Boyle was one of the pioneers of the modern scientific method, and was best known for Boyle's law, which describes the inversely proportional relationship between the absolute pressure and volume of a gas, if the temperature is kept constant within a closed system. He's largely regarded today as the founder of modern chemistry; his book The Sceptical Chymist (1661) was a major text in the history of chemistry. Mr. Boyle was an alchemist, but his experiments were unsuccessful. He was a devout Anglican, and believed that evidence from nature could provide evidence for the existence of God. Mr. Boyle died from paralysis after more than 20 years of declining health.

225 years ago
1796

Americana
Baltimore was officially incorporated as a city.

140 years ago
1881

Crime
Charles Guiteau, recently convicted of the assassination of U.S. President James A. Garfield, wrote a New Year's greeting to his jailer.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Dal Stivens. Australian writer. Mr. Stivens produced six novels and eight collections of short stories, often based on Australian folk tales, from 1936-1976, with his popularity peaking in the 1940s and '50s. He was also a naturalist and artist, and wrote non-fiction under several pseudonyms. Mr. Stivens died on June 15, 1997 at the age of 85.

100 years ago
1921

Died on this date
Boies Penrose, 61. U.S. politician. Mr. Penrose, a Republican, represented Philadelphia County in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives (1885) and represented the 6th District in the Pennsylvania Senate (1887-1897). He represented Pennsylvania in the U.S. Senate from 1897 until his death from a pulmonary thrombosis in his Washington penthouse in the last hour of 1921.

90 years ago
1931

Weather
Henderson Lake, British Columbia ended the year with a record total of 319.78 inches of rain, making it the wettest place on record in Canadian history.

Economics and finance
The Canadian stock index plunged 37.2% and Gross National Product declined 12.7%, making it the worst business year on record in the country.

80 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): It's a Great Day for the Irish--Judy Garland; The Jesters (1st month at #1)

On television tonight
The first televised New Year’s Eve special aired on WNBT in New York. It consisted of entertainment from the Rainbow Room, atop the RCA Building in Rockefeller Center.

Died on this date
Sol Hess, 69. U.S. writer. Mr. Hess and Wallace Carlson created the comic strip The Nebbs in 1923, with Mr. Hess providing the writing and Mr. Carlson doing the illustrating. Mr. Hess died of a heart attack at his apartment in the Shoreham Hotel in Chicago. His daughter Betsy and her husband Stanley Baer took over the writing for The Nebbs after Mr. Hess's death, and by 1947 had folded the strip into another strip of theirs, The Toodle Family.

War
Admiral Chester Nimitz assumed command of the U.S. Navy's Pacific Fleet in a simple ceremony at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Japan demanded that U.S. forces in the Philippines surrender, and rejected the designation of Manila as an open city. U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur reported that his forces were consistently falling back in the face of heavy Japanese assaults.

Diplomacy
Venezuela severed diplomatic relations with Germany, Italy, and Japan.

The German government announced that German Ambassador to Argentina Baron Edmund von Thermann had been recalled.

Politics and government
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Jesse Jones as a member of the Supply Priorities and Allocation Board.

Communications
The U.S. Justice Department extended its ban on the possession of shortwave wireless sets and hand cameras by enemy aliens to cover the entire country, including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Business
The U.S. Justice Department filed civil suits in Chicago against the National Broadcasting Company and Columbia Broadcasting System, charging that through their ownership of key stations and the use of exclusive contracts the two chains almost completely dominated the country's broadcasting industry.

75 years ago
1946

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Sioux City Sue--Bing Crosby; Kate Smith (1st month at #1)

War
U.S. President Harry S. Truman officially proclaimed the end of hostilities in World War II, terminating his emergency powers and 20 wartime control laws. He admitted that the move was an attempt to cooperate with the new Republican-controlled Congress.

World events
Yugoslavia released Ray Stoeckel, an American jailed on espionage charges.

Politics and government
The Soviet newspaper Izvestia assailed the merger of the British and American occupation zones in Germany as a violation of the 1945 Potsdam agreement.

The Republican Party steering committee voted to oppose the seating of Senator Theodore G. Bilbo (Democrat--Mississippi) in the new Congress to take office on January 3, 1947, because of speeches he had made in opposition to Negro voting, and accusations of graft. Mr. Bilbo had first been elected to the Senate in 1934.

Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in Japan General Douglas MacArthur stated in Tokyo that Japan had made "major advances" toward establishing a democratic social and political system.

Energy
U.S. President Truman signed an executive order turning the Army's atomic energy facilities over to the Atomic Energy Commission.

Health
Mexican cattle, sheep, goats, and hogs were banned from the United States because of an epidemic of hoof and mouth disease.

Labour
The U.S. National Labor Relations Board recognized the right of supervisory workers to organize when it ordered Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation to bargain with a United Mine Workers of America affiliate that accepted foremen as members.

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Of Time and Third Avenue, starring Henry Daniell, Edward Gargan, and Bethel Leslie

Died on this date
Maxim Litvinov, 75. U.S.S.R. politician and diplomat. Mr. Litvinov, born Meir Henoch Wallach, joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (SDLP) in Kiev in 1898 when the party was an illegal organization, and adopted the name Maxim Litvinov. He was arrested in 1901 and spent 18 months in captivity, but escaped, and spent several years in exile in Geneva and London. Mr. Litvinov met V.I. Lenin in 1903, and joined the Bolsheviks, returning to Russia during the 1905 Revolution. He fled the country again in 1906, and lived in England from 1908-1918, returning to Moscow late in 1918. Mr. Litvinov served as a diplomat during the 1920s, advocating disarmament and favouring Soviet support of the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928, which outlawed war as an instrument of national policy. He proposed the Litvinov Protocol, in which signatories formally proclaimed themselves in mutual compliance with the goals of the Kellogg-Briand Pact. It was signed in Moscow in February 1929 by the Soviet Union, Poland, Romania, Latvia, and Estonia, and later by several other countries. Mr. Litvinov was People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the Soviet Union (1930-1939), and was successful in obtaining American recognition of the Soviet Union. He was dismissed for holding anti-German views, while dictator Josef Stalin was negotiating a non-aggression pact with Germany. Mr. Litvinov served as Soviet Ambassador to the United States (1941-1943), and was Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs (1943-1946), but was dismissed after giving an interview to an American journalist in which he stated his belief that war between the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R. was inevitable. Mr. Litvinov reportedly died of a heart attack in Moscow after suffering serious heart problems, but there were rumours that he was assassinated on Mr. Stalin's instructions to the MVD (Interior Ministry), dying from injuries received after a truck deliberately collided with his car as he rounded a bend on the way to his dacha.

War
Communist negotiators at Panmunjom agreed to furnish information on 50,000 United Nations soldiers--mostly South Koreans--believed to have been taken prisoner but not accounted for on lists submitted by the Communist truce team.

Diplomacy
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden departed aboard the Queen Mary for New York. The purpose of the trip was to have talks with U.S. President Harry Truman in Washington, followed by a visit to Canada for talks with Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent.

Terrorism
Egyptian extremists announced that they would pay any "partisan patriot" $2,800 for killing British Suez Zone commander General George Erskine, and $280 for killing any other British officer.

World events
The Bolivian government ordered a New Year's Day amnesty for 35 members of the rightist National Revolutionary Movement exiled or jailed for participating in a revolutionary plot.

Energy
Inventor Philip Ohmart announded the development of a radioelectric cell capable of converting radioactive energy into electric energy.

Economics and finance
After distributing more than $13.3 billion in U.S. aid to European countries since 1948, the Marshall Plan expired; its functions would be taken over by the new U.S. Mutual Security Agency.

U.S. Mutual Security Administrator Paul Porter announced in Madrid that the United States would give Spain financial aid under a bilateral arrangement similar to Yugoslavia's.

Labour
United Steelworkers of America President Philip Murray ordered 30,000 Kaiser Aluminum and Aluminum Company of America workers to continue working under their old contracts through January 1947, ending the threat of a strike in the aluminum industry.

60 years ago
1961

Television
Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ), Ireland's state broadcaster, launched its first national television service at 7 P.M., with an address by Irish President Eamon De Valera. Messages from John Cardinal d'Alton and Taoiseach Seán Lemass followed, and then a live concert, hosted by Radio Éireann chairman Eamonn Andrews, was broadcast from the Gresham Hotel in Dublin. The show, which was a countdown to the New Year, included appearances by tenor Patrick O'Hagan, the Artane Boys' Band, and Michael O'Hehir.

Music
The Beach Boys made their first live appearance, playing three songs--including their debut single, Surfin'-- as part of a Ritchie Valens memorial concert at Long Beach Civic Auditorium in Long Beach, California. Ike & Tina Turner were the headline act.

Football
NFL
Championship @ City Stadium, Green Bay
New York 0 @ Green Bay 37

Green Bay quarterback Bart Starr threw 2 touchdown passes to Ron Kramer and another to Boyd Dowler, and Paul Hornung rushed for a touchdown and kicked 4 converts and 3 field goals as the Packers routed the Giants before 39,029 fans in the first NFL championship game ever played in Green Bay. The score was 0-0 after the 1st quarter, but the Packers scored 24 points in the 2nd quarter and 10 more in the 3rd. It was Green Bay's first NFL championship since 1944, and their first under head coach Vince Lombardi. Hear the radio broadcast here, here, here, here, here, and here.



50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey--Paul & Linda McCartney (7th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Mamy Blue--Pop Tops (9th week at #1)

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Mammy Blue--Charisma (10th week at #1)
2 Get Me Some Help--Neville Whitmill
3 Amen--Peanutbutter Conspiracy
4 Butterfly--Danyel Gerard
5 Cousin Norman--Marmalade
6 You--Peter Maffay
7 The Desiderata--Les Crane
8 Never Ending Song of Love--The New Seekers
9 Soley Soley--Middle of the Road
10 Daddy Don't You Walk So Fast--Daniel Boone

The only single entering the chart was Tokoloshe Man by John Kongos (#17).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing (In Perfect Harmony)--The New Seekers
2 American Pie--Don McLean
3 Brand New Key--Melanie
4 Sunshine--Jonathan Edwards
5 Day After Day--Badfinger
6 Devil You--Stampeders
7 Have You Seen Her--Chi-Lites
8 All I Really Need is You--Sonny & Cher
9 Can I Get a Witness--Lee Michaels
10 Stay with Me--Faces

Singles entering the chart were Never Been to Spain by Three Dog Night (#26); Black Dog by Led Zeppelin (#27); White Lies, Blue Eyes by Bullet (#28); Mexican Lady by Steel River (#29); and Levon by Elton John (#30).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKVN)
1 American Pie--Don McLean
2 Day After Day--Badfinger
3 Sunshine--Jonathan Edwards
4 Life in the Bloodstream--The Guess Who
5 One Monkey Don't Stop No Show--The Honey Cone
6 Brand New Key--Melanie
7 I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing (In Perfect Harmony)--The New Seekers
8 Respect Yourself--The Staple Singers
9 Love Me, Love Me, Love--Frank Mills
10 Hey Big Brother--Rare Earth

Singles entering the chart were Hallelujah by Sweathog (#27); I Turn to You by Spring (#33); Where Did Our Love Go by Donnie Elbert (#34); Anticipation by Carly Simon (#38); Mexican Lady by Steel River (#39); and Too True Mama by Crowfoot (#40).

Calgary's Top 10 (Glenn's Music)
1 Baby I'm-A Want You--Bread
2 Do I Love You--Paul Anka
3 Day After Day--Badfinger
4 I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing (In Perfect Harmony)--New Seekers
5 Lonesome Mary--Chilliwack
6 Got to Be There--Michael Jackson
7 Take it Slow--Lighthouse
8 American Pie, Parts I and II--Don McLean
9 The Desiderata--Les Crane
10 I Don't Need No Doctor--Humble Pie
Pick hit of the week: Brand New Key--Melanie

Died on this date
Pete Duel, 31. U.S. actor. Mr. Duel, born Peter Deuel, appeared in several television programs and movies. He co-starred in the television comedy series Love on a Rooftop (1966-1967), but was best known for playing Hannibal Heyes (alias Joshua Smith) in the Western series Alias Smith and Jones (1971), which was in its second season when Mr. Duel, who was suffering from depression and drinking heavily, committed suicide by shooting himself.

Hal Weaver, 28. Canadian disc jockey. Mr. Weaver began his career at CKRD in Red Deer; he worked in Edmonton (CJCA), Hamilton (CKOC), Toronto (CHUM), and Vancouver (CJOR, CKVN) before dying of cancer.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Physical--Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)
2 Young Turks--Rod Stewart
3 Don't Stop Believin'--Journey
4 Leather and Lace--Stevie Nicks with Don Henley
5 Trouble--Lindsey Buckingham
6 Harden My Heart--Quarterflash
7 I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)--Daryl Hall & John Oates
8 Private Eyes--Daryl Hall & John Oates
9 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
10 Why Do Fools Fall in Love--Diana Ross

Singles entering the chart were Tainted Love by Soft Cell (#18); and Hooked on Classics by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (#20).

Edmonton's Top 10 (CFRN)
1 Hooked on Classics--The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (3rd week at #1)
2 Leather and Lace--Stevie Nicks with Don Henley
3 Comin' In and Out of Your Life--Barbra Streisand
4 Yesterday's Songs--Neil Diamond
5 Harden My Heart--Quarterflash
6 Come Go with Me--The Beach Boys
7 I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)--Daryl Hall & John Oates
8 I Wouldn't Have Missed it for the World--Ronnie Milsap
9 Cool Night--Paul Davis
10 She's Got a Way--Billy Joel

World events
A coup d'état in Ghana removed President Hilla Limann's People's National Party (PNP) government and replaced it with the Provisional National Defence Council, led by Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings. Fl. Lt. Rawlings had previously seized power in June 1979, and handed it over to Mr. Limann and the PNP three months later.

30 years ago
1991

World events
As of this date, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ceased to exist, as all official Soviet Union institutions ceased operations.

Terrorism
17 Haitian Liberation Organization activists surrendered to police after occupying the Canadian Embassy in Port-au-Prince for six weeks.

25 years ago
1996

Died on this date
Wesley Addy, 83. U.S. actor. Mr. Addy was a character actor in numerous plays, television programs, and movies. His films included Seconds (1966); Tora! Tora! Tora! 1970) and The Verdict (1982).

Music
About 4,000 people made their way to the remote location of Canaan Downs, Tākaka, New Zealand to take part in the first Gathering, a two-day festival for electronic dance music fans.

20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Eileen Heckart, 82. U.S. actress. Miss Heckart, born Anna Eileen Herbert, had a career spanning nearly 60 years, usually playing supporting roles in plays, movies, and television programs. She won numerous awards, including an Academy Award for her supporting performance in Butterflies are Free (1972); two Emmy Awards; and a Tony Award in 2000 for lifetime achievement. Miss Heckart died of lung cancer.

Politics and government
Eduardo Camano assumed the position of acting President of Argentina, the day after the resignation of interim President Adolfo Rodriguez Saa.

10 years ago
2011

Space
The United States succeeded in putting GRAIL A (Ebb), the first of two Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) satellites in orbit around the Moon. Grail B (FLow) followed 25 hours later. The spacecraft had been launched on September 10, 2011.



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December 13, 2021

980 years ago
1041

Politics and government
Michael V was proclaimed Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire, three days after the death of his uncle Michael IV.

500 years ago
1521

Born on this date
Sixtus V. Roman Catholic Pope, 1585-1590. Sixtus V, born Felice Piergentile, was ordained a Franciscan priest in 1547 and was made a cardinal in 1570. He succeeded Gregory XIII and launched a rebuilding project in Rome, financing it with heavy taxation. Pope Sixtus also rooted out corruption and lawlessness in Rome, and excommunicated Queen Elizabeth I of England and King Henri IV of France. Sixtus V died on August 27, 1590 at the age of 68, three days after taking ill with malarial fever, and was succeeded by Urban VII.

Died on this date
Manuel I, 52. King of Portugal, 1495-1521. Manuel I, the grandson of King Duarte and nephew of King Afonso V, succeeded his first cousin João II on the throne. King Manuel I oversaw an era of prosperity and Portuguese imperial expansion. He was succeeded by his son João III.

400 years ago
1621

Died on this date
Katarina Stenbock, 86. Queen consort of Sweden, 1552-1560. Katarina, the niece of King Gustav I's second wife, Queen Margaret, became Queen consort when she became his thrid wife in 1552. The couple had no children, but Queen Katarina served as a mediator of disputes between King Gustav and his children. Gustav I died in 1560, and was succeeded by Erik XIV, his son from his first marriage. Katarina spent the rest of her life as a Dowager Queen.

150 years ago
1871

Born on this date
Emily Carr. Canadian artist. Miss Carr, a native of Victoria, was known for her paintings of aboriginal themes and landscapes, especially forest scenes. She died on March 2, 1945 at the age of 73.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Kenneth Patchen. U.S. poet and artist. Mr. Patchen was a pacifist whose poetry often dwelt on the loss of innocence in society and the corrupted human spirit. Collections of his poems were accompanied by his paintings and drawings, and his public readings were acompanied by jazz music. Mr. Patchen attracted just a cult following in his lifetime, but he influenced the San Francisco Renaissance and the Beat Generation. He long suffered from health problems deriving from a back injury in 1937, and died on January 8, 1972 at the age of 60.

Trygve Haavelmo. Norwegian econometrician. Dr. Haavelmo was awarded the 1989 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences "for his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures." He died on July 28, 1999 at the age of 87.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Turgut Demirağ. Turkish film producer, director and screenwriter. Mr. Demirağ produced 64 movies, directed 19, and wrote 19 from 1947-1974. He produced and directed Evvel zaman içinde (1951), Turkey's first full-length animated feature film; unfortunately, the negatives of the film were lost when they were sent to MGM Studios in California for colour printing, and have never been found. Mr. Demirağ died on January 14, 1987 at the age of 65.

90 years ago
1931

Died on this date
Gustave Le Bon, 90. French polymath. Dr. Le Bon was a psychologist, sociologist, and anthropologist who was best known for his book Psychologie des Foules (The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind) (1895). He believed that crowds developed their own new psychological entity, the characteristics of which are determined by the "racial unconscious" of the crowd. Dr. Le Bon influenced people such as Theodore Roosevelt, Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, Vladimir Lenin, and Sigmund Freud.

Football
NFL
New York (7-6-1) 25 @ Chicago Bears (8-5) 6 The season ended with the Green Bay Packers winning their third straight National Football League championship, with a 12-2 record and a winning percentage of .857. The Portsmouth Spartans finished second at 11-3 (.786).

80 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Chattanooga Choo Choo--Glenn Miller and his Orchestra (Vocal refrain by Tex Beneke and the Four Modernaires) (3rd week at #1)

War
The governments of Hungary and Bulgaria announced that a state of war existed between their respective countries and the United States. Russian armies reportedly continued their advance against German forces. U.S.S.R. Ambassador to the United States Maxim Litvinov said in Washington that the Soviet Union intended to concentrate on defeating Germany, and would not join the war against Japan at the moment. British Governor of Hong Kong Mark Young rejected a Japanese demand for the surrender of the island, as defense of the island was organized into a West Brigade, commanded by Brigadier J. K. Lawson, and including the Winnipeg Grenadiers; and an East Brigade, under Brigadier C. Wallis, including the Royal Rifles of Canada. Major-General Christopher Maltby deployed both Canadian units to defend the southern beaches against a seaborne attack, as heavy Japanese artillery fire and air raids began. The Venezuelan embassy in Washington announced that Venezuela had opened her ports to ships of all American nations fighting the Axis. Argentina issued a decree recognizing the United States as a non-belligerent, and declaring Argentine neutrality toward Germany and Italy. The U.S. Navy conceded that Guam had apparently been captured by Japanese forces, while U.S. Army Lieutenant General Douglas MacArthur's headquarters claimed that Filipino troops had wiped out a Japanese landing party in the Lingayen area of Luzon.

World events
German authorities in Paris announced that 100 "Jews, Communists, and anarchists" would be executed as a result of attacks on German soldiers.

Economics and finance
In a move to prevent hoarding or speculation, the U.S. Office of Production Management froze sugar stocks and limited new deliveries by importers and refiners to 1940 levels.

Labour
The Administration of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced the selection of 12 industry representatives and 12 labour leaders to draft a basic war labour policy.

Disasters
More than 500 people were killed in a mud and rock slide in Huaraz, Peru.

Tennis
The United States Lawn Tennis Association announced its annual rankings, with Bobby Riggs as the top men's player, and Sarah Palfrey Cooke as the top women's player.

75 years ago
1946

War
U.S. Reparations Commissioner Edwin Pauley charged that Soviet forces had done $850 million in damage by dismantling industrial facilities during their occupation of Manchuria.

Politics and government
The British House of Commons ended a two-day debate by endorsing the government policy on Indian independence.

Defense
U.S. Secretary of State James Byrnes told the United Nations General Assembly that the United States had 550,000 troops stationed aborad, mainly in Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea.

Americana
Abilene, Kansas announced that the boyhood home of U.S. Army General Dwight D. Eisenhower would be preserved as the centre of a $1-million memorial to him and the U.S. armed forces.

Protest
The National Negro Congress in New York picketed screenings of the Walt Disney movie Song of the South as "an insult to the Negro."

Crime
A grand jury in Atlanta indicted white supremacist organization Columbians, Inc. President Emory Burke and Secretary Homer Loomis on charges of conspiracy to riot, and illegal possession of dynamite.

Football
AAFC
Brooklyn (3-10-1) 20 @ Miami (3-11) 31

70 years ago
1951

War
U.S. Sabrejet pilots reported their biggest one-day kill of Communist MiG-15s, 13 to 15, in dogfights over North Korea.

Diplomacy
The Charter of the Organization of American States, signed in Bogota on April 30, 1948, went into effect as Colombia became the 14th of the 21 signatories to ratify it.

France, supported by the U.S.A. and U.K., won indefinite postponement of a United Nations General Assembly debate on Arab charges of oppression in French Morocco.

The U.S. State Department dismissed Far Eastern policy adviser John Stewart Service after the Civl Service Loyalty Review Board found "reasonable doubt" of his loyalty. Mr. Service had been cleared six times on disloyalty charges by a grad jury and the State Department's Loyalty Security Board.

Politics and government
The South African delegation to the United Nations withdrew from the General Assembly sessions to protest the Trusteeship Commission's decision to hear testimony fro tribal chiefs of South-West Africa on the question of UN trusteeship for the territory.

Crime
A U.S. federal grand jury in Chicago indicted seven local officials on charges of violating the civil rights of Negroes in the race riot in Cicero, Illinois the previous July.

Academia
A panel of college presidents chosen by the American Council on Education recommended five steps to prevent future college sports scandals, including the elimination of football bowl games; grade requirements for athletes; and barring freshmen from varsity teams to discourage recruiting of high school stars.

Economics and finance
The French National Assembly ratified the European Coal and Steel Community plan 377-233 as Prime Minister Rene Pleven succeeded in overcoming the opposition of Communists and Gaullists.

Labour
Brazilian President Getulio Vargas ordered the seizure of all commercial aircraft in Brazil and drafted 16,000 striking airline employees into the Air Force to end a five-day strike for higher wages.

60 years ago
1961

At the movies
The Phantom Planet, directed by William Marshall, and starring Dean Fredericks, Coleen Gray, and Tony Dexter, opened in theatres.



Died on this date
Grandma Moses, 101. U.S. artist. Anna Mary Robertson Moses was a folk artist who began painting scenes of rural America when she was young, but produced most of her paintings after she turned 78, achieving tremendous popularity.

Music
The Beatles--John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Pete Best--performed at the Cavern Club in Liverpool. Mike Smith, an artists and repertoire representative of Decca Records, was in attendance; he didn't think they were good enough to be offered a recording contract, but he invited them to come to London on January 1, 1962 for an audition.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Maggie May--Rod Stewart (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Ame no Midōsuji--Ouyang Fei Fei (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Mammy Blue--Pop-Tops (8th week at #1)

Politics and government
Montreal journalist Pierre Vallières, who had gone underground three months earlier, announced that he was breaking from the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ), and now advocated the use of democratic means to achieve the liberation of Quebec workers.

Football
NFL
Washington (9-3-1) 38 @ Los Angeles (7-5-1) 24



40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Physical--Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Physical--Olivia Newton-John (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Pigmeat Markham, 77. U.S. entertainer. Dewey Markham was a comedian, singer, dancer, and actor who had a career spanning more than 60 years, performing mainly for Negro audiences on the "Chitlin' Circuit" of theatres and nightclubs. He was best known for his "Here Comes the Judge" routine, which became a hit record for him in 1968, and which he performed on the television program Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In during the 1968-69 season, exposing him to white audiences. Mr. Markham died from a stroke.

World events
Poland's Communist government imposed martial law in an attempt to suppress the Solidarity trade union movement.

30 years ago
1991

Diplomacy
The Organización de Estados Centroamericanos (ODECA) countries signed the Protocol of Tegucigalpa, extending earlier cooperation for regional peace, political freedom, democracy and economic development.

Health
The Quebec Superior Court ruled that "there is nothing to identify miuf (urea formaldehyde foam) as the cause (of) health problems" experienced by those who used this product, which had been approved by the government of Canada, to insulate their homes between 1977-1979. 80,000 Canadians insulated their homes with the foam, and the plaintiffs rejected the government's offer of $5,000 to have it removed, demanding greater compensation. The ruling was a bitter result for these people since it did not recognize the federal government's responsibility to grant compensation greater than the amounts previously offered.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Don't Speak--No Doubt

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Breathe--The Prodigy (2nd week at #1)

At the movies
The Preacher's Wife, starring Denzel Washington, Whitney Houston, and Courtney B. Vance, opened in theatres.



Diplomacy
The United Nations Security Council chose Kofi Annan of Ghana to be the UN's seventh Secretary-General.

Baseball
Pitcher Roger Clemens signed as a free agent with the Toronto Blue Jays. Mr. Clemens had been an outstanding pitcher with the Boston Red Sox from 1984-1996, but had had an off-season in 1996, posting a record of 10-13 with an earned run average of 3.63 in 34 games.

20 years ago
2001

Terrorism
At least 12 people were killed and 22 injured when Kashmiri terrorists broke through security and attacked the Indian parliament building in New Delhi.

The Pentagon released a captured videotape of Osama bin Laden in which the al-Qaeda leader said the deaths and destruction achieved by the September 11 attacks exceeded his "most optimistic" expectations.

Defense
U.S. President George W. Bush served formal notice that the United States was pulling out of the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty with Russia.

Business
Bombardier, the world's leading equipment supplier in the rail sector, signed its largest rail contract ever, a $2.3-billion deal with the French National Railways Company (SNCF) for 500 high-capacity railcars.

10 years ago
2011

Crime
After murdering a woman at his home, Nordine Amrani, 33, threw grenades and fired a rifle at crowds in Liège, Belgium, killing 6 people and injuring 125 others, before committing suicide.

Sport
World men's figure skating champion Patrick Chan was named the winner of the Lou Marsh Trophy as Canada's outstanding athlete of 2011.

November 28, 2021

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Dede Hill and Chris Milner!

1,280 years ago
741

Died on this date
Gregory III. Roman Catholic Pope, 731-741. Pope Gregory III, a Syrian, was the last non-European pope until Francis in 2013. Gregory III succeeded Gregory II, and was known for his opposition to iconoclasm. He was succeeded by Pope Zachary.

210 years ago
1811

Music
Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 5 in E-flat major, Op. 73 was given its premiere performance in Leipzig, with Friedrich Schneider as the soloist and Johann Philipp Christian Schulz conducting the Gewandhaus Orchestra.



200 years ago
1821

Central Americana
Panama separated from Spain and joined Gran Colombia.

190 years ago
1831

Communications
Seal Island Lighthouse on Nova Scotia's south coast became operational with Richard Hichens as the island's first light keeper. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia jointly built the lighthouse, after Mr. Hichens and his wife had established a lifesaving station.

160 years ago
1861

Americana
The Confederate States of America accepted a rival state government's pronouncement that declared Missouri to be the 12th state of the Confederacy.

Politics and government
Lord Monck was installed as Governor General of British North America and concurrently Lieutenant Governor of Canada East and Canada West; he stayed on to become Canada's first Governor General in 1867.

150 years ago
1871

Communications
Telegraph service began operating from Winnipeg to the border to Pembina, North Dakota, and the outside world.

130 years ago
1891

Died on this date
James Corry, 1st Baronet Corry, 65. U.K. politician. Sir James, a native of Ireland, was a Conservative when he represented Belfast in the House of Commons (1874-1885). He was elected in a by-election in Mid Armagh in February 1886; five months later, he joined the Unionist Alliance, and continued to represent Mid Armagh in the House of Commons until his death.

Football
U.S. college
Army 32 @ Navy 16

The game was played at Worden Field in Annapolis, Maryland.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Lilia Skala. Austro-Hungarian born U.S. actress. Mrs. Skala, a native of Vienna, fled her native land after the German occupation of Austria in the late 1930s, eventually settling in the United States. She was best known for her supporting performance as the Mother Superior in Lilies of the Field (1963), for which she was nominated for an Academy Award. She played the Countess, Lisa Douglas’s mother in the television comedy series Green Acres (1965-1971). Mrs. Skala died on December 18, 1994, 20 days after her 98th birthday.

120 years ago
1901

Died on this date
Moses Dickson, 77. U.S. social activist. Mr. Dickson was born a free Negro in Cincinnati. As a young man, he was one of the founders of the Knights of Liberty, an organization dedicated to promoting a slave rebellion. The movement grew over the next decade, but with rumours of a civil war looming, plans for a rebellion were abandoned; the Knights of Liberty disbanded during the war. Mr. Dickson also worked with the Underground Railroad, helping slaves escape to freedom. He joined the African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1866 and was ordained as an AME minister the following year. Rev. Dickson started schools for Negro children and co-founded Lincoln Institute (now Lincoln University) in Jefferson City, Missouri. He died of typhoid fever.

100 years ago
1921

Died on this date
`Abdu'l-Bahá, 77. Head of the Baháʼí Faith, 1892-1921. `Abdu'l-Bahá, born ʻAbbás, was the son of Baháʼí Faith founder Baháʼu'lláh, and succeeded his father as head of the faith. `Abdu'l-Bahá spent many years as a political prisoner of the Ottoman Empire, but was freed as a result of the Young Turk Revolution in 1908. He then made several trips to the West to spread the Baháʼí Faith before World War I. `Abdu'l-Bahá was largely confined to Haifa during the war, and was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his help in averting famine following the war. `Abdu'l-Bahá is regarded as the last of three central figures of the religion; his talks and writings, including Tablets of the Divine Plan, are regarded as a source of Baháʼí sacred literature.

90 years ago
1931

Football
CRU
Eastern Final
University of Western Ontario 0 @ Montreal 22

Tommy Burns and Ernie Hempey rushed for touchdowns and Huck Welch kicked 2 converts, 2 field goals, and 4 singles as the Winged Wheelers blanked the Mustangs before about 6,000 fans at Molson Stadium. Both Montreal touchdowns were set up by long pass completions from quarterback Warren Stevens. The game marked the last time that an intercollegiate team got this close to playing in the Grey Cup game.

NFL
Cleveland (2-8) 0 @ Chicago Cardinals (5-4) 21

80 years ago
1941

War
Turkish reports stated that German forces had destroyed more than 40 Serbian towns in an attempt to quell guerrrilla warfare. Reports from Shanghai stated that 70 transport ships bearing 30,000 Japanese troops from central China were sailing southward, probably for Haiphong, French Indochina.

Diplomacy
A U.S. government spokesman stated unofficially that the U.S. would not compromise with Japan on the issue of aiding China and that fresh Japanese aggression in the Pacific would not be tolerated.

Defense
Three U.S. ships arrived at Paramaraibo, Dutch Guiana with American troops and equipment under the command of Colonel Parley D. Parkinson.

Politics and government
Philippine President Manuel Quezon said in Manila that although he had been given emergency powers by the Philippine Assembly seven months earlier to prepare for civil defense, he had been asked by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt not to invoke them.

Protest
The Argentine government banned 3,000 public meetings by the pro-British Accion Argentina scheduled for the next day to protest the government's isolationist policies.

Law
Wendell Willkie, unsuccessful Republican Party candidate for President of the United States in 1940, confirmed that he would represent William Schneiderman, Russian-born secretary of the California Communist Party, in a deportation case before the U.S. Supreme Court during its January 1942 term.

Labour
Attorneys for the 19 railroad unions in the United States announced that the unions would call off their nationwide strike scheduled to begin on December 7 if the one million railroad employees were given wage increases of $1 per day or 15%. The U.S. House of Representatives Labor Committee and Senate Judiciary Committee approved separate bills to control defense strikes. Both provided for government seizure of plants tied up by labour strife.

Boxing
Tony Zale (51-15-2) retained his National Boxing Association world middleweight title and added New York State Athletic Commission recognition as world middleweight champion with a 15-round unanimous decision over Georgie Abrams (43-5-2) at Madison Square Garden in New York. Mr. Zale was knocked down for a 9-count in the 1st round, but recovered to win.

Football
NCAA
University of Minnesota halfback Bruce Smith was named the 1941 winner of the Heisman Trophy as the outstanding college football player in the United States.

75 years ago
1946

Died on this date
Theodore Miller, 66. Mr. Miller was a pioneer in the development of international telephone communications.

War
French forces battling Vietnamese nationalists in Tonkin reported the capture of the Haiphong airfield.

Diplomacy
U.S. Secretary of State James Byrnes accepted U.S.S.R. Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov's proposal at the Council of Foreign Ministers meeting in New York for a Big Four declaration recognizing the principle of free trade and free navigation on the Danube River.

Politics and government
The French National Assembly met for the first time in the old Chamber of Deputies as the cabinet of Prime Minister Georges Bidault resigned to permit the selection by the Assembly of a new government.

Claiming that he had "no more political ambition," Chinese Chairman Chiang Kai-shek presented the Chinese Constitutional Assembly with a draft of a new constitution providing for a system of checks and balances and limitations upon the president.

Indian National Congress Party leader Jawaharlal Nehru agreed to accompany Viceroy and Governor-General of India Viscount Wavell to London to take part in an emergency meeting of the British cabinet concerning India.

Transportation
The British government of Prime Minister Clement Attlee made public the text of its transportation bill under which most of the road, rail, and inland waterway transport systems would be taken over by the government on January 1, 1948 and placed under a transport commission.

Economics and finance
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)'s Relief and Rehabilitation Committee approved a plan to raise $100 million in 1947 for reconstruction of schools and educational equipment in war-devastated areas.

Football
NFL
Boston (2-7-1) 34 @ Detroit (1-9) 10

AAFC
New York (9-2-1) 21 @ Brooklyn (3-8-1) 7

70 years ago
1951

Theatre
I Am a Camera, adapted by John Van Druten from stories by Christopher Isherwood, directed by Mr. Van Druten, and starring William Prince, Olga Fabian, and Julie Harris, opened at the Empire Theatre on Broadway in New York.

War
Korean land fighting died down on almost the entire front, although heither side had declared an immediate truce. White House Press Secretary Joseph Short reiterated the U.S. position that "there can be no cease-fire in Korea until an armistice has been signed."

Defense
The American, British, and French delegations to the United Nations General Assembly supported an Arab-Asian bloc proposal for Big Four UN talks on disarmament. The North Atlantic Council agreed to push the creation of a European Army, including Germans, and to speed NATO's rearmament program.

A U.S. Senate Preparedness subcommittee charged that defense production agencies were causing a lag in arms output by failing to cut back civilian production in favour of military requirements. It urged the appointment of a Defense Department "procurement czar" with the authority to speed weapons output.

New York City held its first atomic bomb drill and pronounced it a success.

Diplomacy
The United Kingdom told the European Consultative Assembly that it would not promise to join the European Army or the Coal and Steel Community, but would cooperate with both organizations.

Politics and government
U.S. President Harry Truman dismissed 19 more Internal Revenue Bureau employees and demanded the resignations of 12 others for improper conduct in office, raising the total number ousted in the current scandal to 49.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Truman ordered the cancellation of all tariff concessions to the U.S.S.R. and Poland, and banned importation of many Soviet and Polish furs.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): When the Girl in Your Arms is the Girl in Your Heart--Cliff Richard and the Norrie Paramor Orchestra (2nd week at #1)

On television tonight
Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Old Pro, starring Richard Conte and Sara Shane

50 years ago
1971

Died on this date
Wasfi al-Tal, 52. Prime Minister of Jordan, 1962-1963, 1965-1967, 1970-1971. General Tal, a native of Turkey, moved to Jordan with his family at the age of 5. He joined the British Army in Mandatory Palestine, and joined the irregular Arab Liberation Army to fight against Israel during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Gen. Tal held various positions within the Jordanian government after his abilities attracted the attention of King Hussein. Gen. Tal's first term as Prime Minister ended with his resignation amidst criticism of his perceived pro-Western views. His second term ended with his resignation shortly before the Six-Day War, but he returned to office during the Black September civil war in 1970. Gen. Tal was popular with traditional Jordanians for his expulsion of the Palestine Liberation Organization terrorists from Jordan, but was hated by those who supported the terrorists. Gen. Tal was attending an Arab League summit in Cairo when he was assassinated by four Black September gunmen in the lobby of the Sheraton Cairo. The assassins were subsequently acquitted by an Egyptian court. Gen. Tal was succeeded as Prime Minister by Ahmad al-Lawzi.

Crime
English farmer Ray Convine, 51, discovered an immigrant smuggling operation on his farm, and rammed a plane that had landed on a disused airfield on his farm. Police arrested the five occupants of the plane, and praised Mr. Convine.

Football
CFL
Grey Cup @ Empire Stadium, Vancouver
Calgary 14 Toronto 11

In the first Grey Cup played on artificial turf, the Stampeders held off the Argonauts to win the cup for the first time in 23 years. 34,584 fans sat through a dull game on a rainy Sunday afternoon at Empire Stadium. Calgary quarterback Jerry Keeling completed just 6 of 16 passes, but 2 of his completions went for touchdowns, 14 yards to Herm Harrison in the 1st quarter, and 6 yards to Jesse Mims in the 2nd quarter, both converted by Larry Robinson. Between those scores, the Argonauts countered with a field goal by Ivan MacMillan, set up by a 55-yard pass from quarterback Joe Theismann to Mel Profit from the Toronto 44-yard line to the Calgary 11. With the Stampeders still leading 14-3 in the 3rd quarter, Calgary's Jim Sillye fumbled a punt from Zenon Andrusyshyn. Joe Vijuk recovered for Toronto and promptly lateralled to guard Roger Scales, who ran 36 yards for his only CFL touchdown. Mr. MacMillan converted and added a single later in the quarter on a wide field goal that he insisted was good. With just over 2 minutes remaining in regulation time, Dick Thornton of the Argonauts returned an interception 54 yards to the Calgary 11. Leon McQuay rushed for 3 yards on first down, but on second down, he slipped and fell and fumbled before any opposing player could contact him, and Reggie Holmes recovered for the Stampeders. The Argonauts stopped Calgary's offense from gaining a first down and still had a chance to move within field goal range, but when Jim Furlong of Calgary punted to midfield, the ball went out of bounds off the foot of Toronto halfback Harry Abofs. The officials ruled that Mr. Abofs had kicked the ball, and gave Calgary possession with a first down at the point where the ball had gone out of bounds, the Toronto 48-yard line. The Stampeders were then able to run out the clock. Calgary middle linebacker Wayne Harris was named the game's Most Valuable Player, while Calgary defensive end Dick Suderman was named the game's outstanding Canadian player.



NFL
Atlanta (5-5-1) 7 @ Minnesota (9-2) 24
Denver (2-8-1) 22 @ Pittsburgh (5-6) 10
St. Louis (4-7) 24 @ New York Giants (4-7) 7
Denver (1-8-1) 10 @ Kansas City (7-2-1) 28
Washington (7-3-1) 20 @ Philadelphia (3-7-1) 13
New England (4-7) 20 @ Buffalo (1-10) 27
San Francisco (7-4) 24 @ New York Jets (4-7) 21
San Diego (4-7) 0 @ Cincinnati (4-7) 31
Cleveland (6-5) 37 @ Houston (1-9-1) 24
Baltimore (8-3) 37 @ Oakland (7-2-2) 14
New Orleans (4-5-2) 29 @ Green Bay (3-7-1) 21

See video.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Bette Davis Eyes--Kim Carnes (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Tainted Love--Soft Cell (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Begin the Beguine (Volver a Empezar)--Julio Iglesias

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Under Pressure--Queen & David Bowie

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Under Pressure--Queen & David Bowie (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Pretend--Alvin Stardust
2 Every Little Thing She Does is Magic--The Police
3 R.R. Express--Rose Royce
4 Physical--Olivia Newton-John
5 Let's Groove--Earth Wind & Fire
6 Under Pressure--Queen & David Bowie
7 Love Games--Level 42
8 Your Love Still Brings Me To My Knees--Marcia Hines
9 Ain't No Mountain High Enough/Remember Me--Boys Town Gang
10 O Superman--Laurie Anderson

Singles entering the chart were Wünderbar by Tenpole Tudor (#30); I Go to Sleep by the Pretenders (#32); Annie by Miggy (#33); and Come On Let's Go by Rocky Sharpe and the Replays (#39).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Physical--Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)
2 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
3 Private Eyes--Daryl Hall & John Oates
4 Every Little Thing She Does is Magic--The Police
5 Here I Am (Just When I Thought I was Over You)--Air Supply
6 Oh No--Commodores
7 Start Me Up--Rolling Stones
8 Tryin' to Live My Life Without You--Bob Seger
9 Arthur's Theme (Best that You Can Do)--Christopher Cross
10 Why Do Fools Fall in Love--Diana Ross

Singles entering the chart were You Could Have Been with Me by Sheena Easton (#78); Leader of the Band by Dan Fogelberg (#81); My Kinda Lover by Billy Squier (#82); Anyone Can See by Irene Cara (#90); I'm Your Superman by All Sports Band (#94); and Better Things by the Kinks (#98).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Physical--Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)
2 Private Eyes--Daryl Hall & John Oates
3 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
4 Arthur's Theme (Best that You Can Do)--Christopher Cross
5 Here I Am--Air Supply
6 Start Me Up--Rolling Stones
7 Oh No--Commodores
8 Every Little Thing She Does is Magic--The Police
9 Young Turks--Rod Stewart
10 Why Do Fools Fall in Love--Diana Ross

Singles entering the chart were You Could Have Been with Me by Sheena Easton (#77); Breakin' Away by Al Jarreau (#84); Falling in Love by Balance (#85); Leader of the Band by Dan Fogelberg (#86); Anyone Can See by Irene Cara (#88); and Love in the First Degree by Alabama (#89).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Physical--Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)
2 Private Eyes--Daryl Hall & John Oates
3 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
4 Here I Am (Just When I Thought I was Over You)--Air Supply
5 Oh No--Commodores
6 Start Me Up--Rolling Stones
7 Arthur's Theme (Best that You Can Do)--Christopher Cross
8 Every Little Thing She Does is Magic--The Police
9 I've Done Everything for You--Rick Springfield
10 Young Turks--Rod Stewart

Singles entering the chart were She's Got a Way by Billy Joel (#71); You Could Have Been with Me by Sheena Easton (#78); Come Go with Me by the Beach Boys (#86); If I were You by Lulu (#87); Blaze of Glory by Kenny Rogers (#88); Key Largo by Bertie Higgins (#89); and My Kinda Lover by Billy Squier (#90).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 The Friends of Mr. Cairo--Jon and Vangelis (3rd week at #1)
2 Arthur's Theme (Best that You Can Do)--Christopher Cross
3 My Girl (Gone, Gone, Gone)--Chilliwack
4 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
5 Every Little Thing She Does is Magic--The Police
6 Private Eyes--Daryl Hall & John Oates
7 Start Me Up--Rolling Stones
8 No Reply at All--Genesis
9 Physical--Olivia Newton-John
10 Endless Love--Diana Ross and Lionel Richie

Singles entering the chart were Our Lips are Sealed by the Go-Go's (#44); Yesterday's Songs by Neil Diamond (#48); and Centerfold by J. Geils Band (#50).

Football
CIAU
Canadian College Bowl @ Varsity Stadium, Toronto
Acadia 18 Alberta 12

Quarterback Steve Repic completed 15 of 20 passes for 232 yards and rushed for 63 yards to lead the Axemen to their second Vanier Cup win in three years, defeating the defending champion Golden Bears before 11,875 fans. Reg Gilmour of Alberta opened the scoring with a 27-yard field goal with 1:17 of the 1st quarter. Jim DiRenzo of Acadia managed a single on a missed 38-yard field goal and was successful from 17 yards to give the Axemen a 4-3 lead with 2:12 remaining in the 2nd quarter. Acadia then forced a quick change of possession, and Mr. Repic connected with Hubert Walsh for a 64-yard pass with 1:18 remaining. Mr. DiRenzo converted to give the Axemen an 11-3 halftime lead. Another single on a missed field goal by Mr. Gilmour made the score 11-4 in favour of Acadia after 3 quarters, and the Golden Bears tied the game on an 11-yard touchdown run by Frank Cunningham, converted by Mr. Gilmour, with 9:19 remaining in regulation time. Mr. Gilmour, who missed 3 of 4 field goal attempts, missed on a 22-yard attempt, but managed a single with 2:35 remaining to give Alberta a 12-11 lead. Mr. Repic then marched the Axemen the length of the field, handing off to Quentin Tynes for a 2-yard touchdown run, converted by Mr. DiRenzo, with 45 seconds remaining. It was the last Vanier Cup win for an Atlantic team until St. Mary's won back-to-back titles in 2001 and 2002. John Huard won the contest of head coaches over Jim Donlevy, who took a two-year break from coaching to manage the athletes' village at the 1983 World University Games in Edmonton. For Reg Gilmour, it was his last game.

NCAA
Auburn (5-6) 17 @ Alabama (9-1-1) 28

The Crimson Tide came from behind to defeat the Tigers before 78,170 fans at Legion Field in Birmingham, giving head coach Paul "Bear" Bryant his 315th career win, beating the career record formerly held by Amos Alonzo Stagg.



30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Black or White--Michael Jackson

Europeana
South Ossetia declared its independence from Georgia.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Where Do You Go--No Mercy (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Breathe--The Prodigy (2nd week at #1)

20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Kal Mann, 84. U.S. songwriter. Mr. Mann, born Kalman Cohen, wrote the lyrics for a number of pop and rock and roll songs in the 1950s and '60s, including (Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear; Butterfly; You Can't Sit Down; and Let's Twist Again. He died of Alzheimer's disease.

William Reid, 79. U.K. military aviator. Flight Lieutenant Reid, a native of Scotland, was a flying instructor and bomber pilot in World War II who was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions on the night of November 3, 1943, when he completed a bombing run to Düsseldorf and returned to Syerston, Nottinghamshire despite heavy loss of blood from serious wounds, the death of his navigator, and serious wounds to his wireless engineer from attacks by Luftwaffe planes. After recovering from his wounds, Fl. Lt. Reid returned to action, but was taken prisoner in 1944 after bailing out over France when his plane was accidentally hit by a bomb dropped from above. He was demobilized in 1946, and worked as an agricultural adviser until his retirement in 1981. Fl. Lt. Reid died 23 days before his 80th birthday.

Business
Enron Corporation, once the world's largest energy trader, collapsed after would-be rescuer Dynegy Inc. backed out of an $8.4-billion deal to take it over.

10 years ago
2011

Politics and government
Egyptians began voting in the country's first parliamentary elections since the ouster of President Hosni Mubarak in February 2011. Voting concluded on January 11, 2012.

Agriculture
The Canadian House of Commons voted to strip the Canadian Wheat Board of its monopoly on Prairie wheat and barley crops; the bill was given royal assent in December, and took effect on August 1, 2012.

November 18, 2021

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Patty Werbicki and Veronica Vamosi!

580 years ago
1441

Died on this date
Roger Bolingbroke. English cleric and astrologer. Mr. Bolingbroke was a member of the household of Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester and personal clerk to Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester. Mr. Bolingbroke produced a horoscope for Duchess Eleanor predicting the death of King Henry VI, which if true, would have resulted in the duke becoming king. On July 23, 1441, Mr. Bolingbroke publicly confessed before Roman Catholic Church authorities that his actions were incompatible with Christianity. He was also one of three scholars accused of treasonable witchcraft against King Henry, and was imprisoned in the Tower of London until his execution at Tyburn, when he was hanged, drawn and quartered, with his head displayed on London Bridge.

450 years ago
1571

Born on this date
Hippolytus Guarinonius. Italian-born polymath. Dr. Guarinonius was a Jesuit-educated physician who spent most of his life in the Tyrol in Austria. As an architect, he was instrumental in building Karlskirche (St. Charles Church) in the town of Volders. Dr. Guarinonius was a local leader in the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation, and his harsh behaviour was occasionally too much even for his Jesuit mentors. He died on May 31, 1654 at the age of 82.

420 years ago
1601

War
Tiryaki Hasan Pasha, an Ottoman provincial governor, routed the Habsburg forces commanded by Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria during the Siege of Nagykanizsa.

180 years ago
1841

Died on this date
Agustín Gamarra, 56. President of Peru, 1829-1833, 1838-1841. Mariscal (Marshal) Gamarra was a career military officer who overthrew José de la Mar to take the presidency in 1829. Marsical Gamarra led troops to thwart rebellions in various parts of the country, and he opposed constitutional limitations on the president. He was obsessed with uniting Bolivia and Peru in a single country, and opposed the Peru-Bolivian Confederacy that went into effect in 1836. Mariscal Gamarra supported efforts to depose President Luis José de Orbegoso; the efforts ultimately proved successful, and Mariscal Gamarra was named President by Congress in 1838. He led Peruvian troops in a border war against Bolivia, and was killed in the Battle of Ingavi. Mariscal Gamarra was succeeded as President by Manuel Menéndez.

War
Peruvian and Bolivian forces clashed in the Battle of Ingavi in Bolivia. The battle resulted in a slightly higher casualty rate for the Bolivians, but Peruvian President and commander Mariscal Agustín Gamarra was killed, and the Peruvian Army left Bolivia.

170 years ago
1851

Died on this date
Ernest Augustus, 80. King of Hanover, 1837-1851. Ernest Augustus, the fifth son of King George III of the United Kingdom and Hanover, acceded to the throne of Hanover upon the death of his older brother William IV, as Salic law prevented Queen Victoria from the throne. Ernest Augustus was an active member of the House of Lords, but became the first King of Hanover since George I more than a century earlier to live in the kingdom. He was involved in controversy at the beginning of his reign when he suspended the 1833 constitution and restored the 1819 constitution, but eventually became a popular monarch. King Ernest Augustus died after a month-long illness, and was succeeded by his son George V.

160 years ago
1861

Born on this date
Dorothy Dix. U.S. journalist. Miss Dix, whose real name was Elizabeth Meriwether Gilmer, adopted her pseudonym when she began writing obituaries, recipes and theatre reviews for the New Orleans Daily Picayune in 1896. She soon began her advice column Dorothy Dix Talks, which achieved widespread popularity after being acquired by the Public Ledger Syndicate in 1923. The column was published in as many as 273 newspapers, and at its peak in 1940, Miss Dix was receiving 100,000 letters a year, and being read by 60 million people. She also reported on major murder trials for the New York Evening Journal for 15 years. Mrs. Gilmer supported women's suffrage, and was still the most widely-read and highest-paid female journalist in the United States at the time of her death on December 16, 1951, four weeks after her 90th birthday.

120 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Craig Wood. U.S. golfer. Mr. Wood turned professional in 1920, and won 28 professional tournaments through the mid-1940s. He had the dubious distinction of being the first golfer to lose all four major tournaments in playoffs; most notoriously, he was the victim of Gene Sarazen's albatross in the final round of the 1935 Masters, which led to a playoff won by Mr. Sarazen. Mr. Wood finally won two major tournaments, winning both the Masters and U.S. Open in 1941. He died of a heart attack on May 7, 1968 at the age of 66, and was inducted into the Golf Hall of Fame in 2008.

George Gallup. U.S. pollster. Dr. Gallup was head of the journalism department at Drake University before founding, in 1935, the American Institute of Public Opinion (Gallup Poll), America's best known firm for surveying public opinion. He launched the the Gallup International Association in 1947, and combined his organizations into the Gallup Organization in 1958. Dr. Gallup was also instrumental in the creation of several other public opinion organizations. He died of a heart attack on July 26, 1984 at the age of 82.

V. Shantaram. Indian film director, producer, and actor. Mr. Shantaram, whose real name was Shantaram Rajaram Vankudre, worked mainly in Hindi and Marathi-language films. He directed 51 movies, produced 16, and acted in 13 in a career spanning almost 60 years. Mr. Shantaram's films included Dr. Kotnis Ki Amar Kahani (1946) and Amar Bhoopali (1951). He died on October 30, 1990, 19 days before his 89th birthday.

Diplomacy
U.S. Secretary of State John Hay and U.K. Foreign Secretary Lord Pauncefote signed the Hay–Pauncefote Treaty, which nullified the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty and withdrew British objections to an American-controlled canal in Panama.

110 years ago
1911

Football
CRU
Grey Cup Semi-Final
Hamilton Alerts (ORFU) 2 @ Toronto Argonauts (IRFU) 9

WCRFU
Final
Winnipeg Rowing Club 6 @ Calgary 13

The Tigers defeated the Winnipeg Rowing Club at Hillhurst Park to become the first team to win the Hugo Ross Trophy. The Tigers hoped to play for the Grey Cup, but their challenge came too late.

90 years ago
1931

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Richard Gordon and Leigh Lovell, on NBC
Tonight's episode: A Study in Scarlet, Part 1

Weather
Gale force winds reached 125 miles per hour (200 kilometres per hour) at Cape Hopes Advance, Quebec; it was the highest wind speed ever recorded in Canada.

80 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Walther Nernst, 77. German chemist. Dr. Nernst was awarded the 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "[for] his work in thermochemistry."

Chris Watson, 74. Prime Minister of Australia, 1904. Mr. Watson, born John Christian Tanck in Valparaiso, Chile, moved to Australia at the age of 13, and took the surname of his stepfather. He led the Australian Labour Party from 1901-1907. The Labour Party held the balance of power in minority governments after the 1901 and 1903 general elections, and Mr. Watson led a minority government from April 27-August 18, 1904. He resigned as Prime Ministe when Governor General Lord Northcote refused to grant a dissolution of Parliament. Mr. Watson led his party thorugh the 1906 election and resigned his seat in the House of Representatives shortly before the 1910 election.

Married on this date
Serial marrier Tommy Manville Jr., 47, wed for the fifth time, this time to Bonita Edwards, 22, in Ridgefield, Connecticut.

Defense
Lieutenant General Sir Alan Brooke was named to replace General Sir John Dill as Chief of the British Imperial General Staff upon the latter's 65th birthday on December 25, 1941.

U.S. Navy Secretary Frank Knox announced that merchant ships sailing to Britain and Russia would be the first to be armed by the Navy. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt said in a message to the Congress of Industrial Organizations convention in Detroit that war material must be produced "without delay and without interruption." The convention passed a resolution backing all-out aid to the Allies.

Politics and government
The Japanese Diet adopted a resolution stating that the nation's policy had been fixed in support of the creation of an "East Asia cooperative sphere."

The U.S. House of Representatives voted 167-141 to reject a bill that would have enabled the Justice Department to hold non-deportable aliens for 150 days and criminal aliens for life.

Disasters
About 100 people were reported killed when a landslide wiped out the village of Mongua in northern Colombia.

Boxing
Jackie Wilson (88-20-7) won a 12-round unanimous decision over defending champion Richie Lemos (44-11-2) at Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles to win the National Boxing Association world featherweight title.

75 years ago
1946

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Rumors are Flying--Frankie Carle and his Orchestra (4th week at #1)
--The Andrews Sisters with Les Paul
--Betty Rhodes
--Tony Martin
2 Ole Buttermilk Sky--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
--Helen Carroll and the Satisfiers
--Paul Weston and his Orchestra with Matt Dennis
--Hoagy Carmichael
3 To Each His Own--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra with Eddy Howard and Trio
--The Ink Spots
--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra with Stuart Wade
--Tony Martin
--The Modernaires with Paula Kelly
4 Five Minutes More--Frank Sinatra
--Tex Beneke and the Glenn Miller Orchestra
--The Three Suns
5 South America, Take it Away--Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters
--Xavier Cugat and the Waldorf-Astoria Orchestra
6 The Things We Did Last Summer--Frank Sinatra
--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra
7 This is Always--Harry James and his Orchestra
--Jo Stafford
8 Pretending--Andy Russell
9 Passe--Tex Beneke and the Glenn Miller Orchestra
--Margaret Whiting
10 I Guess I'll Get the Papers (And Go Home)--The Mills Brothers
--Les Brown and his Orchestra

Singles entering the chart were Why Does it Get So Late So Early by Monica Lewis and Bobby Doyle (#27); My Sugar is So Refined by Johnny Mercer (#30); and This Time, with versions by Jo Stafford, and Tommy Dorsey and his Orchestra (#31).

On the radio
The Casebook of Gregory Hood, starring Elliott Lewis and Howard McNear, on MBS

Died on this date
Jimmy Walker, 65. U.S. politician. Mr. Walker, a Democrat, was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1910-1914 and the New York State Senate from 1915-1925 before serving as Mayor of New York City from 1926-1932. He was associated with the Tammany Hall machine and was known for his stylish dress, affairs with chorus girls, and opposition to prohibition. Mr. Walker was forced to resign in a bribery scandal in 1932. He died of a brain hemorrhage.

War
Generals Eberhard von Mackensen and Kurt Maelzer, German commanders in Italy during World War II, pled not guilty before a British military court in Rome that was trying them on charges of ordering the 1944 massacre of 335 Italian civilians at the Ardeatine caves.

Terrorism
Tel Aviv police, reacting to recent assassinations of policemen and British soldiers, rioted against Jews, firing into houses and attacking passers-by. 20 Jews were injured in clashes with British troops.

Diplomacy
French and Siamese negotiators agreed to create a commission with French, Siamese, and neutral representatives to study the dispute over the Siamese-French Indochina border.

Politics and government
Big Four foreign ministers meeting in New York reached a compromise on the powers of the Governor of Trieste, who would control police and have emergency powers to suspend legislation under the city's international statute.

Defense
Marshal Ivan Konev succeeded Marshal Georgi Zhukov as commander of U.S.S.R. ground forces.

Crime
Former Canadian Army officer David Lunan was sentenced to five years in prison for transmitting information to Soviet agents.

Scandal
The U.S. Senate War Investigating Committee ordered a subcommittee to begin hearings on the dealings of Sen. Theodore Bilbo (Democrat--Mississippi) with war contractors in 1942.

Transportation
Preparing for a possible coal strike, the U.S. Office of Defense Transportation ordered a 25% reduction in passenger train service and halted the movement of all trains not required as common carriers.

Economics and finance
U.K. Fuel and Power Minister Emanuel Shinwell announced that the government would take over ownership of coal mines on January 1, 1947.

Labour
The U.S. Justice Department obtained a nine-day restraining order from a federal district court in Washington, requiring Congress of Industrial Organizations United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis to revoke his contract termination notice.

Football
AAFC
Buffalo (3-8-1) 14 @ Miami (2-8) 21

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Out There, on CBS
Tonight's episode: Misfit, starring Arthur Batanides, Ray Danton, Eddie Hyans, Jerry Paris, and Gene Saks

Movies
Mary Pickford, who hadn't appeared in a movie since 1933, announced that she would appear in The Library, produced by Stanley Kramer and directed by Irving Reis. She pulled out of the project in 1952, and the movie was eventually released in 1956 as Storm Center, directed by Daniel Taradash, and starring Bette Davis.

War
British troops and Egyptian police clashed in the Suez Canal Zone town of Ismalia, leaving five British officers, eight Egyptian policemen, and four Egyptian civilians dead.

Defense
The U.S.A., U.K., and France proposed that the United Nations Security Council set up a new Disarmament Commission to draft proposals for a world treaty on "limitation and balanced reduction" of all armed and "effective international control to ensure the prohibition of atomic weapons."

Journalism
John J. Crider resigned as editor of the Boston Herald when publisher Robert Choate refused to print Mr. Crider's critical review of the book A Foreign Policy for Americans by U.S. Senator Robert Taft (Republican--Ohio).

Football
NFL
Chicago Cardinals (2-6) 27 @ San Francisco (4-4) 21
Cleveland (7-1) 10 @ New York Giants (5-2-1) 0
Detroit (5-2-1) 28 @ Philadelphia (3-5) 10
Green Bay (3-5) 13 @ Chicago Bears (6-2) 24
New York Yanks (0-7-1) 21 @ Los Angeles (6-2) 48
Washington (3-5) 22 @ Pittsburgh (2-5-1) 7

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Crying/Candy Man--Roy Orbison (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: Nata per me--Adriano Celentano

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Weiße Rosen aus Athen--Nana Mouskouri (5th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (Dutch Top 40): Och was ik maar bij moeder thuis gebleven--Johnny Hoes (9th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): (Marie's the Name) His Latest Flame--Elvis Presley (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Big Bad John--Jimmy Dean (3rd week at #1)
2 Runaround Sue--Dion
3 Please Mr. Postman--The Marvelettes
4 Bristol Stomp--The Dovells
5 This Time--Troy Shondell
6 Hit the Road Jack--Ray Charles and his Orchestra
7 I Love How You Love Me--The Paris Sisters
8 The Fly--Chubby Checker
9 Fool #1--Brenda Lee
10 Tower of Strength--Gene McDaniels

Singles entering the chart were Run to Him by Bobby Vee (#69); Happy Birthday, Sweet Sixteen by Neil Sedaka (#77); The Lion Sleeps Tonight by the Tokens (#79); Peppermint Twist - Part I by Joey Dee & the Starliters (#80); Town Without Pity by Gene Pitney (#88); Pop Goes the Weasel by Anthony Newley (#89); If You Gotta Make a Fool of Somebody by James Ray (#91); The Comancheros by Claude King (#94); Just Got to Know by Jimmy McCracklin (#96); Johnny Will by Pat Boone (#99); and Little Miss U.S.A. by Barry Mann (#100).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Happy Birthday, Sweet Sixteen--Neil Sedaka
2 Flying Blue Angels--George, Johnny and the Pilots
3 Walkin' with My Angel--Bobby Vee
4 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens
5 Blue Hawaii (LP)--Elvis Presley
6 Goodbye Cruel World--James Darren
7 Town Without Pity--Gene Pitney
8 Language of Love--John D. Loudermilk
9 Let Me Tell You About Johnny--Dodie Stevens
10 Johnny Will--Pat Boone

Singles entering the chart were Hey! Little Girl by Del Shannon (#11); Can't Help Falling in Love by Elvis Presley (#23); The Gypsy Rover by the Highwaymen (#33); Please Mr. Postman by the Marvelettes (#36); Run to Him by Bobby Vee (#40); O Sole Mio by Robertino (#41); Lonesome Number One by Don Gibson (#42); Here Comes My Baby/Static by Dana and Dexter (#44); Little Girl by Little Bill (#45); Tell Her Bye by Bonnie Guitar (#47); Weekend by Eddie Cochran (#49); and The Avenger by Duane Eddy and the Rebels (#50). Can't Help Falling in Love was from the movie Blue Hawaii (1961).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 Flying Blue Angels--George, Johnny and the Pilots
2 Happy Birthday, Sweet Sixteen--Neil Sedaka
3 Language of Love--John D. Loudermilk
4 Blue Hawaii (LP)--Elvis Presley
5 Goodbye Cruel World--James Darren
6 Town Without Pity--Gene Pitney
7 God, Country and My Baby--Johnny Burnette
8 Tower of Strength--Gene McDaniels
9 Steps 1 and 2--Jack Scott
10 Johnny Will--Pat Boone

Singles entering the chart were The Lion Sleeps Tonight by the Tokens (#17); The Gypsy Rover by the Highwaymen (#30); Just a Little Bit Sweet by Charlie Rich (#36); Dreamy Eyes by Johnny Tillotson (#38); Lonesome Number One by Don Gibson (#39); and The Bridge of Love by Joe Dowell (#40).

On television tonight
The Roaring 20's, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Duke on the Bum

War
U.S. President John F. Kennedy sent 18,000 military advisers to South Vietnam.

Football
CFL
Western Finals
Winnipeg 14 @ Calgary 1 (Winnipeg led best-of-three series 1-0)

Gerry James rushed 74 yards to set up the game's only touchdown, kicked the convert, and added 2 field goals as the Blue Bombers defeated the Stampeders before 18,500 fans at McMahon Stadium in the Stampeders' first western final appearance since 1949. Mr. James' big run, in the 2nd quarter, was from the Winnipeg 35-yard line to the Calgary 1. Charlie Shepard rushed for the touchdown from there. Mr. Shepard punted for a single for the other Winnipeg point, while Calgary quarterback Eagle Day punted 67 yards for a single in the 2nd quarter. The game was greatly affected by a strong wind.

Canadian university
Yates Cup
McGill 0 @ Queen's 11

Quarterback Cal Connor rushed 13 yards for the game's only touchdown in the 1st quarter as the Golden Gaels blanked the Redmen before 8,000 fans at Richardson Stadium in Kingston. Gary Strickler converted and added a 24-yard field goal in the 3rd quarter. Gary West punted for a single in the 4th quarter to complete the scoring. It was the third Yates Cup championship for Queen's head coach Frank Tindall, and the final game for Bruce Coulter as McGill's head coach; he moved to Lennoxville, Quebec to become head coach at Bishop's College.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): Le rire du sergent--Michel Sardou

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Kiss Me Goodbye--Red Hurley

Died on this date
Junior Parker, 39. U.S. musician. Herman Parker was a Memphis blues singer and harmonicist who was known for his smooth voice. He formed a band called the Blue Flames in 1951, and recorded a string of hit singles, four of which reached the top ten on the Billboard rhythm and blues chart. Mr. Parker was still active when he died during surgery for a brain tumour. He was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 2001.

Music
The English group Procol Harum performed with the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra and the Da Camera Singers at the Northern Alberta Jubilee Auditorium in Edmonton. The concert was recorded, and the album Procol Harum Live: In Concert with the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra was released in the spring of 1972, and was a surprise best-seller, as was the single from the album, Conquistador c/w A Salty Dog.

Asiatica
Oman declared its independence from the United Kingdom.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 My Girl (Gone, Gone, Gone)--Chilliwack (2nd week at #1)
2 Physical--Olivia Newton-John
3 Start Me Up--Rolling Stones
4 Private Eyes--Daryl Hall & John Oates
5 Arthur's Theme (Best that You Can Do)--Christopher Cross
6 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
7 Every Little Thing She Does is Magic--The Police
8 Young Turks--Rod Stewart
9 Wired for Sound--Cliff Richard
10 Hard to Say--Dan Fogelberg

Singles entering the chart were Why Do Fools Fall in Love by Diana Ross (#17); Letting Go by Straight Lines (#18); and Leather and Lace by Stevie Nicks with Don Henley (#19).

Business
The Hudson's Bay Company announced the closure of its 65 catalogue stores in Ontario.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Alone--B'z (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Onnellinen perhe--Ne Luumنet (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Let's Talk About Sex--Salt-N-Pepa

Died on this date
Gustáv Husák, 78. 9th President of Czechoslovakia, 1975-1989. Mr. Husلk was First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1969-1987, leading the period of "Normalization" after the "Prague Spring" under Alexander Dubček in 1968. Mr. Husák resigned as First Secretary in favour of Miloš Jakeš, remaining as President until December 10, 1989, when the Communist government fell.

War
After an 87-day siege, the Croatian city of Vukovar capitulated to the besieging Yugoslav People's Army and allied Serb paramilitary forces.

Diplomacy
Church of England envoy Terry Waite was freed by his Islamic captors after four years of captivity in Beirut.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Child--Mark Owen

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Breathe--The Prodigy

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Quit Playing Games (With My Heart)--Backstreet Boys (2nd week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Head Over Feet--Alanis Morissette
2 If it Makes You Happy--Sheryl Crow
3 He Liked to Feel It--Crash Test Dummies
4 It's All Coming Back to Me Now--Celine Dion
5 Leave it Alone--Moist
6 Beautiful Goodbye--Amanda Marshall
7 Everything You've Done Wrong--Sloan
8 Let's Make a Night to Remember--Bryan Adams
9 What's Up with That--ZZ Top
10 As Long as it Matters--Gin Blossoms

Singles entering the chart were The Beautiful People by Marilyn Manson (#94); Swallowed by Bush X (#95); I'm So Happy I Can't Stop Crying by Sting (#96); Blow Up the Outside World by Soundgarden (#99); and The Tears I Cry by Gavin Hope (#100).

Politics and government
Pat Binns led the Progressive Conservative Party to victory in the Prince Edward Island provincial election, ending 10 years of Liberal Party government. The PCs captured 18 of 27 seats in the Legislative Assembly, up from just 1 seat in the 1993 election. The Liberals, led by Premier Keith Milligan, were reduced from 31 seats to 8; New Democratic Party leader Herb Dickieson was the only member of his party to be elected. It was the first P.E.I. provincial election since 1893 in which there were no multi-member constituencies.

Disasters
A fire occurred on a train travelling through the Channel Tunnel from France to England, causing several injuries and damaging approximately 1,600 feet of tunnel.

20 years ago
2001

Football
CFL
Eastern Final
Hamilton 13 @ Winnipeg 28



Western Final
Calgary 34 @ Edmonton 16

Calgary quarterback Marcus Crandell threw 4 touchdown passes--2 to Kamau Peterson, 1 each to Vince Danielsen and Travis Moore--as the Stampeders built a 27-7 halftime lead at Commonwealth Stadium. Edmonton quarterback Jason Maas threw 2 touchdown passes to Ed Hervey, but the Eskimos turned over the ball 12 times, including 9 straight possessions. The Stampeders used an offensive formation of six receivers, and picked on Eskimo cornerback Quincy Coleman, playing his first CFL game. By the time the Eskimos adjusted, the game was out of reach. The first touchdown pass to Mr. Peterson, less than 4 minutes into the game, covered 72 yards.



10 years ago
2011

On television today
Regis Philbin, 80, made his last appearance as co-host of the syndicated morning program Live! with Regis and Kelly. He had co-hosted the program, originally titled The Morning Show, since 1983. After Mr. Philbin's retirement, Kelly Ripa continued hosting the show, retitled Live! with Kelly.