December 28, 2021

370 years ago
1651

Born on this date
Johann Krieger. German musician and composer. Mr. Krieger, the younger brother of organist and composer Johann Philipp Krieger, was also an organist, and was one of the most important keyboard composers of his day, publishing collections containing harpsichord suites, organ toccatas, fugues, and ricercars. He also composed sacred and secular vocal music, as well as works for the stage. Mr. Krieger died at the age of 83 on July 18, 1735, the day after playing the organ at a church service.

175 years ago
1846

Americana
Iowa was admitted to the Union as the 29th state.

100 years ago
1921

At the movies
Orphans of the Storm, directed by D.W. Griffith, and starring Lillian and Dorothy Gish, opened in theatres in Boston.



Born on this date
Johnny Otis. U.S. musician and producer. Mr. Otis, born Ioannis Alexandres Veliotes, was a drummer and bandleader who began performing with rhythm and blues artists in the late 1930s. He was a disc jockey, talent scout, producer, impresario, and television host in a career spanning more than 60 years, and has been called the "Godfather of Rhythm and Blues." Mr. Otis achieved his greatest success from 1948-1952 when the Johnny Otis Orchestra, with various featured vocalists, released 16 singles that reached the top 10 of the Billboard rhythm and blues chart, reaching #1 with Double Crossing Blues (1948); Mistrustin' Blues (1948); and Cupid's Boogie (1950). His orchestra was billed as the Johnny Otis Show when Willie and the Hand Jive reached #1 on the rhythm and blues chart and #9 on the pop singles chart. In addition to his musical activities, Mr. Otis founded and pastored a church in Santa Rosa California. He died on January 17, 2012, 20 days after his 90th birthday.

80 years ago
1941

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Gloria Scott

War
Operation Anthropoid, the plot to assassinate high-ranking Nazi officer Reinhard Heydrich, commenced. Reports stated that German troops were retreating in Serbia following a series of defeats by guerrillas. Japanese planes, unchallenged by anti-aircraft batteries or pursuit craft, bombed Manila for two hours in the afternoon. Japanese pressure increased southeast of Manila. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt pledged that "the entire resources, in men and in material, of the United States stand behind" the Philippines.

Diplomacy
The British government announced that U.K. Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden had been in Moscow since mid-December conferring with U.S.S.R. dictator Josef Stalin regarding conduct of the war.

Academia
The American Association of University Professors issued a formal statement assailing Georgia Governor Eugene Talmadge for "political interference" in ousting Dean Walter D. Cocking of the University of Georgia on charges of advocating racial equality in education.

Economics and finance
The Brookings Institution issued a report urging the reduction of federal non-defense expenditures by $2.085 billion without curtailing essential social services.

75 years ago
1946

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): The Old Lamp-Lighter by Swing and Sway with Sammy Kaye (Vocal refrain by Billy Williams and Choir) (Best Seller--1st week at #1; Juke Box--2nd week at #1; Honor Roll of Hits (2nd week at #1); I Love You (For Sentimental Reasons) (Airplay--1st week at #1)

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Tom Conway and Nigel Bruce, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The White Cockerel

Died on this date
Carrie Jacobs-Bond, 84. U.S. songwriter. Mrs. Bond was a parlor singer and pianist who experienced much personal hardship, but achieved success by writing songs such as I Love You Truly (1901); Just Awearyin' for You (1901); and A Perfect Day (1910). She was the most successful female songwriter of her time, reportedly earned more than $1 million in royalties before the end of 1910, at a time when royalties were earned in sales of sheet music. Mrs. Bond died of a cerebral hemorrhage.

Politics and government
A new Syrian cabinet was named by Jamil Mardam Bey, with Naim Antaki as Foreign Minister.

Charles de Gaulle refused to run for the French presidency, declaring that he could not be a "guarantor" of the present constitution.

Economics and finance
The Soviet Council of Ministers ordered increased concentration on the production of consumer goods, especially clothing.

Venezuela's National Constituent Assembly passed a bill providing for a progressive tax on corporate profits up to 28%.

Football
NCAA
Blue-Gray Game @ Cramton Bowl, Montgomery, Alabama
Gray 20 Blue 13

70 years ago
1951

On television today
The last episode of the soap opera Miss Susan, starring Susan Peters, aired on NBC after a run of 9½ months.

World events
Two hours after the U.S. legation in Budapest paid $120,000 in fines, Hungary released four American fliers imprisoned at the Austro-Hungarian border since being forced down and captured on November 19.

Diplomacy
The U.S. State Department banned travel in Hungary by U.S. citizens, and ordered immediate closure of the Hungarian consulates in New York and Cleveland.

War
The French National Assembly rejected a proposal by former Prime Minister Edouard Daladier that the United Nations be asked to arrange a truce in the Indochinese war.

Defense
The U.S. Army announced the development of a submachine gun that could shoot around corners.

Economics and finance
Yugoslavian Finance Minister Milentije Popovic announced plans to devalue the dinar from 50 to 300 to the American dollar.

Tennis
Australia retained the Davis Cup in Sydney as Frank Sedgman, Mervyn Rose, and Ken McGregor defeated Vic Seixas, Ted Schroeder, and Tony Trabert of the United States 3-2 in men's finals competition.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade): Moon River--Jerry Butler (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Moon River--Danny Williams

At the movies
The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone, directed by José Quintero, and starring Vivien Leigh and Warren Beatty, opened in theatres.



Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Heather Pick!

Defense
Royal Canadian Air Force Squadron No.446, at North Bay, Ontario, formed Canada's first BOMARC Surface to Air Missile Squadron for defence against Soviet ICBMs.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Kvällstoppen): Mamy Blue--Pop-Tops (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): Akropolis adieu--Mireille Mathieu (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Max Steiner, 83. Austrian-born composer and conductor. Mr. Steiner, a native of Vienna, was a child prodigy as a pianist and composer, and conducted an operetta when he was 12. He worked in theatrical productions in continental Europe and Britain in the years leading to World War I, but was interned in England as an enemy alien when World War I began in 1914. Mr. Steiner was allowed to emigrate to the United States, and spent 15 years on Broadway in New York before going to Hollywood in 1929, and sound was coming into motion pictures. He composed over 300 film scores for RKO Pictures and Warner Brothers Pictures from 1929-1965 and received 24 Academy Award nominations, winning for The Informer (1935); Now, Voyager (1942); and Since You Went Away (1944). Mr. Steiner's most famous scores included Gone with the Wind (1939) and A Summer Place (1959). He died of congestive heart failure after years of declining health and poor eyesight.

Football
NCAA
Blue-Gray Game @ Cramton Bowl, Montgomery, Alabama
Gray 27 Blue 15

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Down Under--Men at Work (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Sailor Fuku to Kikanjū--Hiroko Yakushimaru (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Ma Quale Idea--Pino D'Angio (14th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Polonäse Blankenese--Gottlieb Wendehals (a.k.a. Werner Böhm) (4th week at #1)

Born on this date
Elizabeth Jordan Carr. U.S. woman. Miss Carr, America's first "test-tube baby," was born in Norfolk, Virginia.

Died on this date
Allan Dwan, 96. Canadian-born U.S. movie director. Mr. Dwan, a native of Toronto, moved to the United States with his family at the age of 7. He began working in the motion picture industry in Chicago and New York; he spent his winters in California and, like many others, moved there to work full-time. Mr. Dwan directed 125 movies from 1911-1961; he directed Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks in several silent films, and directed eight movies starring Gloria Swanson. Mr. Dwan's movies included Robin Hood (1922); The Iron Mask (1929); and Sands of Iwo Jima (1949).

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): Black or White--Michael Jackson (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Black or White--Michael Jackson (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Black or White--Michael Jackson (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Black or White--Michael Jackson (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Black or White--Michael Jackson (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Qui a le droit...--Patrick Bruel (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Kon ik maar even bij je zijn--Gordon (5th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): Bohemian Rhapsody/These Are the Days of Our Lives--Queen (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Black or White--Michael Jackson (4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Black or White--Michael Jackson
2 All 4 Love--Color Me Badd
3 Can't Let Go--Mariah Carey
4 It's So Hard to Say Goodbye to Yesterday--Boyz II Men
5 Keep Coming Back--Richard Marx
6 No Son of Mine--Genesis
7 Set Adrift on Memory Bliss--P.M. Dawn
8 Blowing Kisses in the Wind--Paula Abdul
9 Broken Arrow--Rod Stewart
10 Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me--George Michael/Elton John

Singles entering the chart were Forever My Lady by Jodeci (#75); Blinded by Love by Rythm Syndicate (#77); There's No Other Way by Blur (#78); The Rush by Luther Vandross (#83); and I Want You by Jody Watley (#89); and The Unforgiven by Metallica (#90).

Football
NFL
AFC Wild Card Playoff
Los Angeles Raiders 6 @ Kansas City 10



NFC Wild Card Playoff
Atlanta 27 @ New Orleans 20

See video.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Wannabe--Spice Girls (9th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): One & One--Robert Miles featuring Maria Nayler (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): One & One--Robert Miles featuring Maria Nayler (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Aïcha--Khaled (9th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Freed from Desire--Gala (10th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Don't Speak--No Doubt

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): 2 Become 1--Spice Girls

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Un-Break My Heart--Toni Braxton (4th week at #1)
2 I Believe I Can Fly--R. Kelly
3 Don't Let Go (Love)--En Vogue
4 No Diggity--BLACKstreet (featuring Dr. Dre)
5 Nobody--Keith Sweat featuring Athena Cage
6 Mouth--Merril Bainbridge
7 I Believe in You and Me--Whitney Houston
8 It's All Coming Back to Me Now--Celine Dion
9 I'm Still in Love with You--New Edition
10 I Finally Found Someone--Barbra Streisand/Bryan Adams

Singles entering the chart were I Believe in You and Me; God Bless the Child by Shania Twain (#80); Friends by John Michael Montgomery (#89); That's How it Is (It's Like That) by Redman featuring K-Solo (#95); and Ain't Nobody by LL Cool J (#98). I Believe in You and Me was from the movie The Preacher's Wife (1996). Ain't Nobody was from the movie Beavis and Butt-Head Do America (1996).

Football
NFL
AFC Wild Card Playoff
Jacksonville 30 @ Buffalo 27



NFC Wild Card Playoff
Minnesota 15 @ Dallas 40



10 years ago
2011

War
Acting on information that Kurdish militants were crossing the border from Iraqi territory, two Turkish F-16 jets fired at a group of villagers, killing 34 people.

Sport
Figure skater Patrick Chan was named Canadian Press male athlete of the year; he had an undefeated season and won his first world men's title, setting three world scoring records.

December 23, 2021

250 years ago
1771

Died on this date
Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, 70. Canadian nun. Mrs. d'Youville, a native of Varennes, Quebec, was a widow who suffered the death of her husband and four of her six children before the age of 30, but experienced a religious revival, and in 1737 with three other women founded an association that ministered to the poor in Montreal. The association became the Roman Catholic order The Sisters of Charity of Montreal--popularly known as the Grey Nuns--in 1744, and was granted an order in 1747 to operate Montreal General Hospital. Mrs. d'Youville died in Montreal, and was canonized in 1990 by Pope John Paul II.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa. Italian nobleman and author. Don Giuseppe Tomasi, the last Prince of Lampedusa, served with the Italian Army in World War I, and was an Austro-Hungarian prisoner of war; he inherited his title upon the death of his father in 1934. Don Giuseppe Tomasi died of lung cancer on July 23, 1957 at the age of 60, but didn't become widely known until the posthumous publication of his novel Il Gattopardo (The Leopard) (1958), which was made into a movie in 1963.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Niels Kaj Jerne. U.K.-born Danish immunologist. Dr. Jerne, whose Danish parents moved to London the year before his birth, moved to the Netherlands with his family in 1914, and eventually settled in Denmark. He shared the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Georges J.F. Köhler and César Milstein "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies." Dr. Jerne died on October 7, 1994 at the age of 82.

James Gregory. U.S. actor. Mr. Gregory was a character actor on stage, screen, and television in a career spanning more than 45 years. He was known for his gravelly voice and playing detectives, and starred as New York Police Detective Barney Ruditsky in the television series The Lawless Years (1959-1961), and Inspector Frank Luger in the comedy series Barney Miller (1975-1982). Mr. Gregory's best-known movie role was probably as the Joe McCarthy-like Senator Johnny Iselin in The Manchurian Candidate (1962). He died on September 16, 2002 at the age of 90.

90 years ago
1931

Died on this date
Wilson Bentley, 66. U.S. meteorologist and photographer. "Snowflake" Bentley, a lifelong resident of Jericho, Vermont, was the first known person to take detailed photographs of snowflakes and record their features, catching flakes on black velvet in such a way that their images could be captured before they either melted or sublimated. He took the first of more than 5,000 photos of snowflakes in 1885. Mr. Bentley died of pneumonia.

80 years ago
1941

War
At a joint press conference in Washington with U.K. Prime Minister Winston Churchill, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced that their meetings were being devoted to the immediate question of achieving complete unanimity of action in the Pacific. The first meeting of the U.S.-U.K. War Council was held in the White House. The U.S. oil tanker SS Montebello was sunk by Japanese submarine I-21 off the coast of California; 33 survivors were rescued. After 15 days of fighting, the Imperial Japanese Army occupied Wake Island. Japanese planes carried out a heavy raid on Rangoon. The Battle of Lingayen continued "with increasing intensity" on Luzon. The British command announced that Imperial forces in Libya reached the coastal plain of the Gulf of Sidra south of Bengazi the previous day.

Politics and government
Chinese Prime Minister Chiang Kai-shek appointed T.V. Soong as Foreign Minister.

Crime
A U.S. federal grand jury in Washington indicted aviatrix Laura Ingalls on a charge of failing to register as a German agent.

Religion
Pope Pius XII authorized Roman Catholic bishops throughout the world to permit Catholics in their dioceses to eat meat on Fridays and omit certain fast days for the duration of World War II.

Labour
U.S. President Roosevelt accepted a three-point war labour peace plan agreed upon by the 24-man labour-industry conference board in Washington. The plan called for "no strikes or lockouts;" settlement of all disputes "by peaceful means;" and establishment of "a proper War Labor Board to handle these disputes."

70 years ago
1946

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Ole Buttermilk Sky--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra (vocal chorus by Michael Douglas and the Campus Kids) (2nd week at #1)
--Hoagy Carmichael
--Helen Carroll and the Satisfiers
--Paul Weston and his Orchestra with Matt Dennis
2 Rumors are Flying--Frankie Carle and his Orchestra
--The Andrews Sisters with Les Paul
--Betty Rhodes
--Tony Martin
3 The Old Lamp-Lighter--Swing and Sway with Sammy Kaye (Vocal refrain by Billy Williams and Choir)
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
--Hal Derwin
4 (I Love You) For Sentimental Reasons--King Cole Trio
--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra
5 The Whole World is Singing My Song--Les Brown and his Orchestra
6 This is Always--Harry James and his Orchestra
--Jo Stafford
7 The Things We Did Last Summer--Frank Sinatra
--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra
8 Five Minutes More--Frank Sinatra
--Tex Beneke and the Glenn Miller Orchestra
--The Three Suns
9 Huggin' and Chalkin'--Hoagy Carmichael
--Johnny Mercer
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
10 To Each His Own--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra with Eddy Howard and Trio
--The Ink Spots
--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra with Stuart Wade
--Tony Martin
--The Modernaires with Paula Kelly

Singles entering the chart were Years and Years Ago by Les Brown and his Orchestra (#26) and Hoodle-Addle by the Ray McKinley Quartet (#28).

On the radio
The Casebook of Gregory Hood, starring Elliott Lewis and Howard McNear, on MBS
Tonight`s episode: The Spirit of Christmas

Diplomacy
The United Kingdom rejected a Soviet request for a "further exchange of views" on control of the Dardanelles.

Defense
U.S. President Harry Truman set up a three-man board to review the cases of draft violators and make recommendations for executive clemency.

Politics and government
French Prime Minister Leon Blum reiterated France's recognition of Vietnam's independence within the French Union, but insisted that order be restored before negotiations could begin on the composition of the Vietnamese government.

Crime
Three men were indicted in Atlanta for arson in the December 7, 1946 fire at the Winecoff Hotel, in which 119 people perished.

Law
The U.S. Supreme Court refused to review a suit on the constitutionality of Tennessee's poll tax on the grounds that Congress had jurisdiction in such matters.

Religion
The U.S. Supreme Court ordered new trials for two Jehovah's Witnesses sentenced to five years in prison as conscientious objectors, stating that they were not allowed to challenge draft classifications which barred their deferment as ministers.

Health
The U.S. Office of Temporary Controls dropped distribution control of penicillin.

Agriculture
The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization reported that a food crisis still confronted the world, with food production still below pre-World War II levels.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that collection of federal social security taxes from bankrupt companies had priority over state taxes.

General Lucius Clay, deputy U.S. military governor in Germany, protested a French decision to set up a customs barrier between the Saar and the rest of Germany.

The U.K. announced that it would send a Treasury delegation to India to negotiate the settlement of India's wartime debt of $5.2 billion.

Sport
An Associated Press poll of sportswriters named Babe Didrikson Zaharias as the outstanding female athlete of 1946 in the United States.

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Out There, on CBS
Tonight's episode: The Man, starring Florence Anglin, Philip Bourneuf, and Stewart Bradley

World events
A Hungarian military court imposed fines totalling $120,000 on four U.S. fliers shot down in November in a C-47 transport plane.

Bolivia exiled 15 right-wing extremists arrested for participating in a recent revolutionary plot.

Labour
Hungary denied a British Broadcasting Corporation report that 80 Hungarian coal miners had been shot for organizing a work slowdown in the Tatabanya mines.

Football
NFL
Championship
Cleveland 17 @ Los Angeles 24

Just 25 seconds after Ken Carpenter's 5-yard touchdown rush, converted by Lou Groza, had brought the Browns into a 17-17 tie midway through the 4th quarter, Rams' quarterback Norm Van Brocklin completed a 73-yard touchdown pass to Tom Fears, converted by Bob Waterfield, to provide the winning margin before 59,475 fans at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. After a scoreless 1st quarter, Dick Hoerner of the Rams opened the scoring in the 2nd quarter with a 1-yard touchdown rush, converted by Mr. Waterfield. Mr. Groza got Cleveland on the scoreboard with a 52-yard field goal, a record length for an NFL championship game. The Browns took a 10-7 halftime lead on a 17-yard touchdown pass from Otto Graham to Dub Jones, converted by Mr. Groza. In the 3rd quarter, Mr. Graham fumbled when hit by the Rams' Larry Brink, and Andy Robustelli returned the ball from the Cleveland 24-yard line to the 2. Three plays later, Dan Towler rushed 1 yard for a touchdown, and Mr. Waterfield's convert gave Los Angeles a 14-10 lead going into the 4th quarter. The lead became 17-10 when Mr. Waterfield kicked a 17-yard field goal. It was the first NFL championship game to be televised from coast-to-coast in the United States. It was broadcast on the DuMont network (which had paid $95,000 to the NFL for the rights), with Harry Wismer and Earl Gillespie as the announcers.



60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): My Boomerang Won't Come Back--Charlie Drake (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: La ballata della tromba--Nini Rosso

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Weiße Rosen aus Athen--Nana Mouskouri (10th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (Dutch Top 40): I'm Gonna Knock on Your Door--Eddie Hodges (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Tower of Strength--Frankie Vaughan (3rd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens (3rd week at #1)
2 Please Mr. Postman--The Marvelettes
3 Walk on By--Leroy Van Dyke
4 Run to Him--Bobby Vee
5 The Twist--Chubby Checker
6 Goodbye Cruel World--James Darren
7 Can't Help Falling in Love--Elvis Presley
8 Peppermint Twist - Part I--Joey Dee & the Starliters
9 Moon River--Jerry Butler
--Henry Mancini, his Orchestra and Chorus
10 Let There Be Drums--Sandy Nelson

Singles entering the chart were Irresistible You (#76)/Multiplication (#80) by Bobby Darin; Pocketful of Miracles by Frank Sinatra (#92); Do-Re-Mi by Lee Dorsey (#93); and But on the Other Hand Baby by Ray Charles and his Orchestra (#100).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Norman--Sue Thompson
2 The Wanderer--Dion
3 The Twist--Chubby Checker
4 Walkin' with My Angel--Bobby Vee
5 Run to Him--Bobby Vee
6 Hey! Little Girl--Del Shannon
7 Jingle Bell Rock--Bobby Helms
--Bobby Rydell/Chubby Checker
8 Peppermint Twist--Joey Dee & the Starliters
--Danny Peppermint and the Jumping Jacks
9 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens
10 Walkin' Back to Happiness--Helen Shapiro

Singles entering the chart were Dear Ivan by Jimmy Dean (#16); Percolator (Twist) by Billy Joe & the Checkmates (#32); Well I'm Your Man by Johnny Tillotson (#40); Lucky Star by Gene Vincent (#44); and What are You Doing New Year's Eve by Dante and the Evergreens (#50). Well I'm Your Man was the B-side of Dreamy Eyes, charting at #27.

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 The Twist--Chubby Checker (2nd week at #1)
2 The Wanderer/The Majestic--Dion
3 Peppermint Twist--Joey Dee & the Starliters
4 Walkin' with My Angel/Run to Him--Bobby Vee
5 Six White Boomers--Rolf Harris
6 The Lion Sleeps Tonight--The Tokens
7 Norman--Sue Thompson
8 Jingle Bell Rock--Bobby Rydell/Chubby Checker
--Bobby Helms
9 Gypsy Rover--The Highwaymen
10 Multiplication--Bobby Darin

Singles entering the chart were Memories of Maria by Jerry Byrd and his Guitar (#19); Dear Ivan by Jimmy Dean (#26); Walkin' Back to Happiness by Helen Shapiro (#28); Percolator (Twist) by Billy Joe & the Checkmates (#30); Let Me Down Easy by the Glaser Brothers (#33); Just a Little Bit Sweet by Charlie Rich (#38); Milk and Honey by Eddie Fisher (#39); and Love is the Sweetest Thing by Saverio Saridis (#40).

Died on this date
Carolyn Sherwin Bailey, 86. U.S. authoress. Miss Bailey wrote short stories and novels for children in a career spanning more than 40 years. Her novel Miss Hickory (1946) was awarded the 1947 Newbery Medal for excellence in American children's literature.

Kurt Meyer, 51. German SS officer. SS-Brigadeführer Meyer joined the Nazi Party in September 1930, and joined the SS in October 1931. He participated in numerous campaigns in World War II, and several times ordered the mass murders of civilians and prisoners of war, receiving a death sentence for ordering the murders of Canadian POWs in the Ardenne Abbey massacre in 1944. SS-Brigadeführer Meyer's sentence was commuted to 14 years, and he was released on good behaviour in 1951. He became active in Hilfsgemeinschaft auf Gegenseitigkeit der Angehörigen der ehemaligen Waffen-SS (HIAG), a lobby group dedicated to rehaibilitating the reputation of the SS. SS-Brigadeführer Meyer suffered from heart and kidney disease in later years, and died on his 51st birthday, after a series of strokes.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): Le rire du sergent--Michel Sardou (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): O Holy Night--Tommy Drennan

Died on this date
Glenn Wallichs, 61. U.S. businessman. Mr. Wallichs opened several radio stores and two recording studios in the Los Angeles area before opening Wallichs Music City at the corner of Sunset and Vine in Hollywood in 1940. It became the largest record store in southern California and the world's largest specialty record store. On February 7, 1942, Mr. Wallichs and songwriters Johnny Mercer and Buddy DeSylva founded Capitol Records. Mr. Wallichs left the record store in 1946 in charge of his brother Clyde, and eventually became chairman of Capitol Industries. He died after a long illness.

Politics and government
Nationalist China's governing Kuomintang announced that the first national elections since 1947 would be held in May 1972. President Chiang Kai-shek had always refused to hold elections pending his government's return to mainland China, when all Chinese could participate.

Health
U.S. President Richard Nixon signed a bill to implement a much-expanded research attack on cancer. 137 guests, including many research scientists, were at the White House for the occasion.

Economics and finance
The Canadian Parliament passed the Capital Gains Tax, effective January 1, 1972, Valuation Day.

Quebec Finance Minister Raymond Garneau announced to the National Assembly a provincial tax policy aimed at harmonizing Quebec's tax laws with those of Canada.

40 years ago
1981

Politics and government
Historian George Francis Gillman Stanley of Sackville took office as Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick, succeeding Hédard Robichaud.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Piece of My Wish--Miki Imai (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Live and Let Die--Guns N' Roses

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Let's Talk About Sex--Salt-N-Pepa (6th week at #1)

Politics and government
A Gallup Poll reported that support for sovereignty-association in Québec has dropped to 47% from 61% in May 1990.

Business
Toronto-based Grafton-Fraser announced its intention to close 221 Jack Fraser, George Richards, Grafton & Co, Madison, and Bimini stores, eliminating 1,700 full-time and part-time jobs.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Child--Mark Owen (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Don't Speak--No Doubt

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Time to Say Goodbye--Andrea Bocelli and Sarah Brightman (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Canada (RPM): Head Over Feet--Alanis Morissette (6th week at #1)

20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Bola Ige, 71. Nigerian politician. Mr. Ige, a Yoruba, was a lawyer before entering politics; he was Commissioner for Agriculture (1967-1970) in the Western Region of Nigeria in the military government of General Yakubu Gowon. Mr. Ige joined the Unity Party of Nigeria in the late 1970s, and was Governor of Oyo State (1979-1983). He was defeated in his bid for re-election, successfully challenged the result, but was deposed by a coup led by Generals Muhammadu Buhari and Tunde Idiagbon. Mr. Ige was accused of enriching himself with party funds and was detained for two years, but was released in 1985 and resumed his law practice. When democracy was returned to Nigeria in 1999, Mr. Ige returned to politics as a member of the Alliance for Democracy, serving as Nigeria's Minister of Power and Steel (1999-2000) in the government of President Olusegun Obasanjo. He was appointed Minister of Justice and Attorney in January 2000; in November 2001 he declared that the Sokoto State government would not be allowed to enforce the death penalty by stoning against Safiya Hussaini, a woman convicted of adultery. Mr. Ige was entangled in squabbles within the Alliance for Democracy, which resulted in the murder of Osun State legislator Odunayo Olagbaju, the week before Mr. Ige was gunned down at his home in Ibadan. All those charged in Mr. Ige's murder were acquitted.

Politics and government
Adolfo Rodriguez Saa was sworn in as interim President of Argentina, and immediately announced the suspension of payment on the external debt in the biggest debt default in history.

10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
Bill Hall, 65. U.S. broadcaster. Mr. Hall was a weatherman and anchorman with Nashville television station WSMV from 1974-2005.

October 22, 2021

1,570 years ago
451

Religion
The Chalcedonian Creed, regarding the divine and human nature of Jesus, was adopted by the Council of Chalcedon.

1,280 years ago
741

Died on this date
Charles Martel, 53 (?). Duke and Prince of the Franks, 718-741. Duke Charles, the illegitimate son of Pepin of Herstal, succeeded his father, and was de facto ruler of Francia. He has been credited with a seminal role in the development of Frankish feudalism, but is best known for defeating invading forces of the Umayyad Caliphate in the Battle of Tours (732). A year before his death, Duke Charles divided the kingdom between his sons Carloman and Pepin, the latter of whom was the father of Emperor Charlemagne.

320 years ago
1701

Born on this date
Maria Amalia. Holy Roman Empress, 1742-1745. Maria Amalia, the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph I and Empress Wilhelmina Amalia, married Prince-Elector Charles Albert of Bavaria in 1722. She became Electress of Bavaria in 1726 and queen consort of Bohemia (1741) and Holy Roman Empress consort (1742) upon her husband's coronation as Emperor Charles VII. He died on January 20, 1745, and was succeeded by Francis I. Dowager Empress Maria Amalia resided at Fuerstenried Palace in Munich until her death on December 11, 1756 at the age of 55.

300 years ago
1721

Russiana
The Russian Empire was proclaimed by Czar Peter I "the Great" after the Swedish defeat in the Great Northern War.

280 years ago
1741

Died on this date
Willem IV, 40. Prince of Orange and Prince of Orange-Nassau, 1711-1751. Willem IV was Prince of Orange and Prince of Orange-Nassau from birth, six weeks after the accidental drowning of his father Johan Willem Friso. Willem IV was Stadtholder of Friesland, Stadtholder of Groningen, and Stadtholder of Guelders before becoming the first hereditary Stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands in 1747, serving until his death from a stroke. He was succeeded in his existing titles by his son Willem V.

275 years ago
1746

Academia
The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) received its charter.

210 years ago
1811

Born on this date
Franz Liszt. Hungarian musician and composer. Mr. Liszt was the most praised pianist of his day, and composed works too numerous to mention here. He died on July 31, 1886 at the age of 74.

200 years ago
1821

Born on this date
Collis Potter Huntington. U.S. railroad magnate. Mr. Huntington was one of the Big Four--with Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins, and Charles Crocker--who invested in Theodore Judah's idea to build the Central Pacific Railroad in the 1860s as part of the first U.S. transcontinental railroad. Mr. Huntington also helped to develop and lead other major railroads, such as the Southern Pacific Railroad and the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway (C&O). He died on August 13, 1900 at the age of 78.

175 years ago
1846

Communications
The Toronto, Hamilton, Niagara, and St. Catharines Electro-Magnetic Telegraph Company, Canada's first, was founded in Toronto, with Thomas Harris as president.

140 years ago
1881

Born on this date
Clinton Davisson. U.S. physicist. Dr. Davisson shared the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics with George Paget Thomson "for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals." Dr. Davisson died on February 1, 1958 at the age of 76.

Football
Canadian university
McGill University and the University of Toronto played Canada's first college football game at University Lawn in Toronto, with McGill winning by a margin of two tries.

130 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Parker Fennelly. U.S. actor. Mr. Fennelly played crusty New England characters in numerous radio and television programs and in several movies, including The Trouble with Harry (1955). He died on January 22, 1988 at the age of 96.

Died on this date
Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, 45. Austrian physiologist. Dr. Fleischl-Marxow was a professor at the University of Vienna who became known for his important investigations on the electrical activity of nerves and the brain, and was also an inventor of new devices which were widely adopted in clinical medicine and physiological research. As a research assistant in his early years, he accidentally cut his thumb while dissecting a cadaver, resulting in amputation, and addiction to morphine and heroin as a reaction to continuing pain. Dr. Fleischl-Marxow was a close friend of Sigmund Freud, who recommended cocaine as a treatment for his morphine addiction. Dr. Fleischl-Marxow followed Dr. Freud's advice, became addicted to cocaine, and returned to the use of morphine, hastening his death.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
José Leitão de Barros. Portuguese film director. Mr. Leitão de Barros was a painter, journalist, and playwright, but was primarily known for his films, often in the genres of historical fiction and ethnography. His movies included Maria do Mar (1930); A Severa (1931)--Portugal's first all-talking film--and Ala-Arriba! (1942). Mr. Leitão de Barros died from a retroperitoneal tumour on June 29, 1967 at the age of 67.

110 years ago
1911

Baseball
World Series
New York Giants @ Philadelphia Athletics (postponed, rain) (Philadelphia led best-of-seven series 2-1)

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Georges Brassens. French musician. Mr. Brassens was a singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist who wrote more than 200 songs and recorded 14 albums from 1952-1976, with his songs expressing his anarchist beliefs. He remains influential in France and internationally, with his songs recorded in more than 20 languages. Mr. Brassens died of cancer on October 29, 1981, a week after his 60th birthday.

Sport
The Nova Scotia fishing schooner Bluenose defeated the New England schooner Elsie in the first race of a best-of-three series in her first International Schooner Championship.

Football
CRU
ORFU
Parkdale Canoe Club (3-0) 17 @ Toronto Rugby & Athletic Association (0-3) 7

ARU
Edmonton (3-0) 41 @ University of Alberta (0-3) 0

Jimmy Enright scored 3 touchdowns, Curly Dorman added 2 touchdowns and a convert, Bill Rankin added a TD and covert, and Jack Fraser scored a convert for the Eskimos as they routed the Golden Bears at Varsity Stadium in Edmonton.

80 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Guy Môquet, 17. French Communist. Mr. Môquet was one of 49 French resistance members executed on the orders of General Heinrich von Stulpnagel, German commander in occupied France, in reprisal for the assassination two days earlier of Lieutenant General Paul Hotz, commander of German forces in Nantes.

War
The British government announced Royal Air Force raids on Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Denmark, France and North Africa the previous night and that day. German authorities seized 100 more French hostages in reprisal for the previous night's slaying of Major Hans Gottfried Reimers in Bordeaux. General Robert E. Wood of the America First Committee challenged U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to ask Congress for a declaration of war.

Economics and finance
U.S. Commerce Secretary Jesse Jones announced that the Export-Import Bank had granted Mexico a $30-million credit for road improvement and the completion of an international highway to Central and South America.

Labour
The Congress of Industrial Organizations United Mine Workers of America ordered a strike at midnight October 25 in soft coal mines owned by seven steel companies to back up its demand for a closed shop.

75 years ago
1946

Abominations
Operation Osoaviakhim took place, recruiting thousands of military-related technical specialists from the Soviet occupation zone of post-World-War-II Germany for employment in the U.S.S.R.

Protest
U.S. tanks patrolled Seoul after a mob protesting the arrest of left-wing leader Moon Eun-chong tried to kill Seoul's chief of police.

Defense
The U.S. War Department revealed that Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in Japan General Douglas MacArthur had been asked for a report on the morale of troops in the Pacific after numerous complaints of clashes between U.S. soldiers and civilians in Europe and Asia.

Politics and government
The Soviet newspaper Pravda announced the appointment of Georgi Malenkov as one of eight vice chairmen of the Council of Ministers, the main U.S.S.R. executive organ.

The U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities subpoenaed Gerhard Eisler, charged with former Communist Louis Budenz with being a Soviet agent.

Labour
Meeting for the second day, the U.K. Trades Union Congress adopted a report urging a goal of 100% union membership in all industries and barring jurisdictional disputes within factories.

Disasters
Two British destroyers were damaged, with 40 sailors killed or missing, when they struck mines off the coast of Albania.

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Deal, starring Tom Ewell, Joseph Wiseman, Anne Bancroft, and Martin Gabel



War
American and Communist delegates agreed on the creation of a neutral zone at Panmunjom for renewed Korean truce talks. U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff General Hoyt Vandenberg said in Washington that radio conversations between MiG pilots in dogfights over Korea were in Russian.

Defense
The U.S.A. reported detection of a third Soviet atomic explosion. Meanwhile, the United States detonated Buster-Jangle Able, the first in a series of seven atomic devices to be detonated in Nevada.

The United Kingdom halted shipments of military equipment to Egypt as British troops occupied the city of Suez at the southern end of the Canal Zone.

12 North Atlantic Council deputies in London signed an agreement admitting Turkey and Greece to NATO.

Diplomacy
U.S. President Harry Truman gave Philip Jessup an interim appointment as U.S. delegate to the United Nations General Assembly, claiming that charges linking Mr. Jessup to Communism were "utterly without foundation."

Politics and government
Socialist candidate Alfredo Palacios withdrew from the Argentine presidential race following his party's decision to give up campaigning.

Baseball
Lou Boudreau, who had played shortstop with the Boston Red Sox in 1951, signed a two-year contract to manage the team as well as playing. He had been both player and manager with the Cleveland Indians from 1942-1950.

60 years ago
1961

Football
CFL
Montreal (3-8-1) 5 @ Hamilton (9-3) 15

NFL
Baltimore (3-3) 17 @ Detroit (3-3) 14
Cleveland (4-2) 30 @ Pittsburgh (1-5) 28
Green Bay (5-1) 33 @ Minnesota (1-5) 7
Los Angeles (1-5) 14 @ New York (5-1) 24
Philadelphia (5-1) 43 @ Dallas (3-3) 7
St. Louis (3-3) 24 @ Washington (0-5) 0
San Francisco (4-2) 0 @ Chicago (4-2) 31

AFL
Buffalo (3-4) 21 @ Boston (3-3-1) 52
San Diego (7-0) 41 @ Oakland (1-5) 10
New York (3-3) 10 @ Denver (3-4) 27
Dallas (3-3) 7 @ Houston (2-3-1) 38

The Chicago defense succeeded in shutting down and shutting out the 49ers' shotgun offense, using rotating quarterbacks John Brodie, Billy Kilmer, and Bobby Waters, which had scored 123 points in the previous 3 games.

Baseball
Nippon Series
Yomiuri Giants 0 @ Nankai Hawks 6 (Nankai led best-of-seven series 1-0)

Katsuya Nomura, Yoshio Anabuki, and Yōsuke Terata hit home runs, while Joe Stanka (1-0) pitched a 3-hitter for the Hawks as they shut out the Giants before 30,720 fans at Osaka Stadium. Minoru Nakamura (0–1) took the loss.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): L'Amour est l'Enfante de la Liberte--Rumour

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Borriquito--Peret

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Mammy Blue--Charisma
2 Never Ending Song of Love--The New Seekers
3 You--Peter Maffay
4 Co-Co--The Sweet
5 Tweedle Dee, Tweedle Dum--Middle of the Road
6 Tom Tom Turnaround--New World
7 Daar's Niks Soos Ware Liefde--Groep Twee
8 Silver Threads and Golden Needles--Barbara Ray
9 Butterfly--Danyel Gerard
10 Never Ending Song of Love--Delaney & Bonnie & Friends

The only single entering the chart was Stagger Lee by Tommy Roe (#20).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Yo-Yo--The Osmonds
2 Superstar--Carpenters
3 Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves--Cher
4 Smiling Faces Sometimes--The Undisputed Truth
5 Birds of a Feather--Raiders
6 Down by the River--Joey Gregorash
7 One Fine Morning--Lighthouse
8 I've Found Someone of My Own--The Free Movement
9 Peace Train--Cat Stevens
10 Theme from Shaft--Isaac Hayes

Singles entering the chart were Everybody's Everything by Santana (#25); Baby I'm-A Want You by Bread (#26); Lovin' You Ain't Easy by Pagliaro (#27); Bless You by Martha Reeves & the Vandellas (#28); If You Really Love Me by Stevie Wonder (#29); and Your Move by Yes (#30).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKVN)
1 Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves--Cher
2 If You Really Love Me--Stevie Wonder
3 Peace Train--Cat Stevens
4 I've Found Someone of My Own--The Free Movement
5 Imagine--John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band
6 Theme from Shaft--Isaac Hayes
7 Mammy Blue--Pop-Tops
8 Down by the River--Joey Gregorash
9 Yo-Yo--The Osmonds
10 One Fine Morning--Lighthouse

Singles entering the chart were Never My Love by the 5th Dimension (#34); Life is a Carnival by The Band (#35); Two Divided by Love by the Grass Roots (#36); Lisa, Listen to Me by Blood, Sweat & Tears (#37); Baby I'm-A Want You by Bread (#38); Your Move by Yes (#39); and The Desiderata by Les Crane (#40).

Politics and government
Cambodian Prime Minister Lon Nol imposed a state of emergency and abolished constitutional rule as a measure to prevent a threatened outbreak of violence.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
Edmonton's Top 10 (CFRN)
1 More to Love--Jim Photoglo (4th week at #1)
2 When She was My Girl--Four Tops
3 (You'll Always Find Me) In the Kitchen at Parties--Jona Lewie
4 Breaking Away--Balance
5 We're in this Love Together--Al Jarreau
6 Step by Step--Eddie Rabbitt
7 Private Eyes--Daryl Hall & John Oates
8 Alien--Atlanta Rhythm Section
9 Atlanta Lady (Something About Your Love)--Marty Balin
10 Arthur's Theme (Best that You Can Do)--Christopher Cross

Labour
The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority voted to decertify the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) for its strike the previous August.

Baseball
Lee Elia was hired as manager of the Chicago Cubs.

30 years ago
1991

Died on this date
Hachiro Kasuga, 67. Japanese singer. Mr. Kasuga, born Minoru Watabe, was regarded as the first singer in the genre of music known as enka. He had numerous hit records from the late 1940s through the early '60s, and continued to perform until his death from cirrhosis of the liver and cardiopulmonary failure, 13 days after his 67th birthday.

Baseball
World Series
Minnesota 4 @ Atlanta 5 (12 innings) (Minnesota led best-of-seven series 2-1)

The Braves led the Twins 4-1 after 6 innings before 50,878 fans at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium in the first World Series game ever played in Atlanta, but the Twins rallied for 1 in the 7th and 2 in the 8th. Not used to playing without a designated hitter (the game was played in a National League park, hence no DH), Minnesota manager Tom Kelly almost ran out of players as the game dragged along. Mark Lemke singled home David Justice from second base with 2 out in the bottom of the 12th to end the game after a then-record 4 hours and 4 minutes.



Nippon Series
Seibu Lions 1 @ Hiroshima Toyo Carp 0 (Seibu led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Koji Akiyama's home run in the top of the 8th inning provided the game's only run as the Lions edged the Carp before 27,713 fans at Hiroshima Municipal Stadium. Hisanobu Watanabe (1–0) pitched a 5-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Manabu Kitabeppu (0–1), who allowed 4 hits in 7.2 innings.

25 years ago
1996

Economics and finance
The Godfrey-Milliken bill was introduced in the Canadian House of Commons by Liberal MPs John Godfrey (Don Valley West) and Peter Milliken (Kingston and the Islands) in response to the U.S. Helms-Burton Act. The Canadian bill said that 3 million Canadian descendants of 80,000 uprooted loyalists from the time of the American Revolution had a right to compensation for their confiscated property. The bill was not passed.

Labour
General Motors and the Canadian Auto Workers settled a three-week strike that had idled workers at the GM plants in Oshawa, Ontario and Boisbriand, Quebec.

Baseball
World Series
New York Yankees 5 @ Atlanta Braves 2 (Atlanta led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Bernie Williams' 2-run home run highlighted a 3-run 8th inning as the Yankees beat the Braves before 51,843 fans at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium. Mr. Williams scored 2 runs and drove in 3. David Cone (1-0) allowed 4 hits and 1 run--earned--to win the pitchers' duel over Tom Glavine (0-1), who allowed 4 hits and 2 runs--1 earned--in 7 innings.



Nippon Series
Yomiuri Giants 2 @ Orix BlueWave 5 (Orix led best-of-seven series 3-0)

The Blue Wave scored 4 runs in the bottom of the 2nd inning to break a 1-1 tie and coasted to victory over the Giants before 33,026 fans at Green Stadium Kobe. Shane Mack and Toshihisa Nishi hit solo home runs for the Giants.

20 years ago
2001

Weather
The United Kingdom braced for its worst floods in 20 years.

Baseball
American League Championship Series
Seattle 3 @ New York 12 (New York won best-of-seven series 4-1)

An error by Seattle third baseman David Bell led to 4 unearned runs in the bottom of the 3rd inning, giving the Yankees a 4-0 lead before 56,370 fans at Yankee Stadium. It was 9-0 after 6 before the Mariners rallied for 3 runs in the 7th, but Tino Martinez hit a 3-run home run in the 8th to make the score 12-3. It was the fourth straight AL pennant for the Yankees and a disappointing ending to the season for a Seattle team that had won an AL-record 116 games during the regular season.





10 years ago
2011

Football
CFL
Montreal (10-6) 25 @ Winnipeg (10-6) 26



British Columbia (9-7) 10 @ Hamilton (8-8) 42



CIS
St. Mary's 28 @ Acadia 41



Baseball
World Series
St. Louis Cardinals 16 @ Texas Rangers 7 (St. Louis led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Albert Pujols batted 5 for 6 with 3 home runs, 4 runs, and 6 runs batted in to help the Cardinals beat the Rangers before 51,462 fans at the Ballpark in Arlington.

October 12, 2021

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Nancy Fullerton!

220 years ago
1801

Born on this date
Friedrich Frey-Herosé. President of the Swiss Confederation, 1854, 1860. Mr. Frey-Herosé a member of the Free Democratic Party, was elected in 1848 as one of the first members of the Swiss Federal Council, and led three different departments from 1848-1866. He died on September 22, 1873, 20 days before his 72nd birthday.

180 years ago
1841

Crime
A court in Buffalo, New York acquitted Niagara, Canada West storekeeper and sheriff Alexander McLeod in the Caroline case. He was arrested and charged in November 1840 in Lewiston, New York for participating in the burning of the rebel steamer Caroline, moored at Schlosser’s Wharf, and the murder of an American named Amos Durfee. Mr. McLeod had only warned Commodore Andrew Drew about the Caroline, and had an alibi proving that he not participate in the burning of the vessel on the night of December 29, 1837. The affair raised tensions between the British and Americans, but was resolved diplomatically.

150 years ago
1871

Law
The Criminal Tribes Act entered into force in British India, giving law enforcement sweeping powers to arrest, control, and monitor the movements of the members of ethnic or social communities that were defined as "habitually criminal."

130 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Fumimaro Konoe. Prime Minister of Japan, 1937-1939, 1940-1941. Prince Konoe (also spelled Konoye) was Prime Minister during the war with China in the late 1930s, but resigned in January 1939 because he didn't want to be a "robot" of the Japanese military. He returned as Prime Minister in July 1940 as a result of Japanese Army dissatisfaction with the policies of Prime Minister Mitsumasa Yonai. Prince Konoe was Prime Minister in the months leading up to the December 7, 1941 attack by Japanese forces on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. He attempted to avoid war, but resigned on October 16, 1941 when it became clear that his efforts were unsuccessful. Prince Konoe committed suicide with a potassium cyanide capsule at the age of 54 on December 16, 1945 after coming under suspicion as a war criminal.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Eugenio Montale. Italian writer. Mr. Montale wrote lyrics, poetry, and prose translations. He was awarded the 1975 Nobel Prize laureate in Literature "for his distinctive poetry, which, with great artistic sensitivity, has interpreted human values under the sign of an outlook on life with no illusions." Mr. Montale served as a Senator for Life from 1967 until his death from a cerebral vasculopathy on September 12, 1981, a month before his 85th birthday.

Died on this date
Christian Emil Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs, 78. Council President of Denmark, 1865-1870. Count Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs was the first Council President (forerunner of the modern position of Prime Minister) from the conservative Hّjre party, which governed Denmark from 1865-1901. He also served as Denmark's Foreign Minister concurrently with his term as Council President.

120 years ago
1901

Sport
The Montreal Shamrocks defeated the Vancouver YMCA 5-0 before several thousand fans at Mile-End Field in Montreal to become the first club from Quebec to win the Minto Cup, emblematic of Canadian lacrosse supremacy.

Football
ORFU
Toronto (1-1) 0 @ Kingston (1-1) 2
Ottawa (2-0) 22 @ Hamilton (0-2) 6

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Art Clokey. U.S. animator. Mr. Clokey, born Arthur Farrington, was a pioneer of stop motion clay animation. He created the cartoon character Gumby, and provided the voice of Gumby's equine sidekick Pokey. Mr. Clokey died in his sleep on January 8, 2010 at the age of 88, after suffering from a recurrent bladder infection.

Baseball
World Series
New York Yankees 1 @ New York Giants 2 (Giants led best-of-nine series 4-3)

An unearned run in the bottom of the 7th inning enabled Phil Douglas (2-1) to win the pitchers' duel over Carl Mays (1-2) in front of 36,503 fans at the Polo Grounds. Johnny Rawlings reached first base with 2 out on an error by Yankee second baseman Aaron Ward, and scored on a double by Frank Snyder. The game was played in 1 hour 40 minutes.

90 years ago
1931

Boxing
Jack Sharkey (35-9-2) won a 15-round unanimous decision over Primo Carnera (48-4) before 30,000 fans at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn in a bout that was billed as being for the American heavyweight title.



80 years ago
1941

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Six Napoleons

Died on this date
Harry Daugherty, 81. U.S. politician. Mr. Daugherty, a Republican, was U.S. Attorney General from 1921-1924 in the administrations of Presidents Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge. As a member of the "Ohio Gang"--Republican cronies of Mr. Harding dating back to the President's days as a United States Senator--Mr. Daugherty was suspected of involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal involving payments of kickbacks from oil companies to government officials in exchange for extremely favourable extraction leases in Wyoming. He was officially cleared of wrongdoing, but after the death of Mr. Harding on August 2, 1923, new President Calvin Coolidge, at first reluctant to dismiss Mr. Daugherty, received his resignation on March 28, 1924. In 1926 Mr. Daugherty was indicted for improperly receiving funds in the sale of American Metal Company assets during World War I, and narrowly escaped conviction. He spent his later years attempting to rehabilitate his reputation, and died after a year of declining health.

War
German dispatches reported that a column had reached a point 98 miles west of Moscow.

Football
NFL
Philadelphia (1-3) 0 @ New York (3-0) 16
Washington (2-1) 24 @ Pittsburgh (0-4) 20
Chicago Cardinals (0-3-1) 7 @ Chicago Bears (3-0) 53
Brooklyn (2-2) 7 @ Green Bay (4-1) 30
Cleveland (2-3) 7 @ Detroit (1-2-1) 17

75 years ago
1946

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): To Each his Own--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra with Eddy Howard and Trio (Best Seller--5th week at #1; Juke Box--5th week at #1); Five Minutes More--Frank Sinatra (Airplay--3rd week at #1; Juke Box--3rd week at #1 ); To Each his Own (Honor Roll of Hits--9th week at #1)

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Tom Conway and Nigel Bruce, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Stuttering Ghost

This was the first episode of the season, the first on ABC, and the first with Mr. Conway as Sherlock Holmes, after Basil Rathbone declined to renew his contract.

Died on this date
Joseph Stilwell, 63. U.S. military officer. General Stilwell, nicknamed "Vinegar Joe" because of his personality, was a United States Army officer mainly known for commanding Allied forces in the China-Burma-India theatre during World War II, where he preferred ground troops to air power. He had difficult relationships with British commanders, and had an especially poor relationship with Nationalist Chinese leader Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, which eventually led to Gen. Stilwell's recall from command in October 1944. Gen. Stilwell continued to serve the Army in other capacities until his death after an operation for stomach cancer.

War
The Paris Peace Conference approved the Bulgarian peace treaty but left the Bulgarian-Greek border question unresolved.

The Iranian government reported that the Ghashghai tribes of southern Iran were suing for peace after a three-week revolt against the central government.

Economics and finance
Japan's first post-World War II Diet adjourned after approving a record peacetime budget of $8 billion.

Football
CRU
IRFU
Toronto (4-2-1) 6 @ Montreal (3-2-2) 28
Hamilton (0-5-2) 6 @ Ottawa (3-2-2) 6

WIFU
Winnipeg (4-2) 0 @ Calgary (5-3) 6

ORFU
Sarnia (3-3) 1 @ Hamilton (4-1-1) 18
Ottawa (0-6) 0 @ Toronto Indians (5-0-1) 5

Bill Wusyk kicked a field goal and 3 singles off missed field goal attempts as the Stampeders blanked the Blue Bombers at Mewata Stadium.

Canadian university
Western Ontario (2-0) 8 @ Queen's (0-2) 0
McGill (1-1) 3 @ Toronto (1-1) 5
Alberta (1-0) 8 @ Saskatchewan (0-1) 0

Harry Hobbs scored the touchdown for the Golden Bears as they shut out the Huskies on a snow-covered field at Griffiths Stadium in Saskatoon. There were 18 fumbles in the game.

AAFC
Cleveland (6-0) 7 @ New York (3-2-1) 0
San Francisco (4-2) 23 @ Los Angeles (3-1-1) 14

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Tales of Tomorrow, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Crystal Egg, starring Thomas Mitchell, Josephine Brown, and Gage Clarke



World events
Venezuela's military junta suppressed an attempted Columbus Day revolt by elements of the outlawed Accion Democratia and Communist Parties. 80 suspected rebel leaders were arrested.

Defense
The U.S. Selective Service reported that 37% of the 339,000 college students who had so far taken draft deferment tests had failed.

Politics and government
Kermit Parker of New Orleans became the first Negro in Louisiana history to qualify as a Democratic Party candidate for Governor.

Medicine
Associated Press reported that two U.S. Air Force doctors had successfully treated morning sickness (hyperemesis gravidarium) in expectant mothers with cortisone and ACTH.

Economics and finance
The Indian Parliament passed a bill providing for government control of major industries in the interest of achieving the country's five-year national development goals.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade): You Don't Know--Helen Shapiro (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Michael--The Highwaymen

On television tonight
The Untouchables, starring Robert Stack, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Troubleshooter

This was the first episode of the season.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Kvällstoppen): Anna och Mej--Lalla Hansson

#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): Mamy Blue--Pop-Tops

Theatre
Jesus Christ Superstar, a rock opera with music by Andrew Lloyd Webber and lyrics by Tim Rice, opened at the Mark Hellinger Theatre on Broadway in New York.

Died on this date
Dean Acheson, 78. U.S. diplomat and politician. Mr. Acheson, a Democrat, was Assistant U.S. Secretary of State for Congressional Relations and International Conferences (1944-1945); Undersecretary of State (1945-1947); and Secretary of State (1949-1953). He played key roles in the design and implementation of the Marshall Plan and Truman Doctrine, and persuaded President Harry Truman to intervene in the Korean War in 1950. Mr. Acheson was an anti-Communist, but his pursuit of the policy of "containment" of Communism led to accusations that he was "soft" on Communism, particularly after the fall of China to Communist forces in 1949. Mr. Acheson served as an unofficial adviser to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson during the 1960s, and died of a stroke.

Gene Vincent, 36. U.S. musician. Mr. Vincent, born Vincent Eugene Craddock, joined the U.S. Navy in 1952 and hoped to have a naval career, but in 1955 shattered his left leg in a motorcycle accident, leaving him wearing a leg brace and in pain for the rest of his life. He embarked upon a career as a rockabilly singer-songwriter and guitarist, leading the band Gene Vincent and his Blue Caps. They achieved their biggest hit with their first single, Be-Bop-a-Lula (1956), which reached #7 on the Billboard pop singles chart. Two more top 40 singles followed in 1957, but Mr. Vincent's popularity quickly faded in North America. He made his first visit to England in 1959, and achieved considerably more popularity and influence there than in his native land. Mr. Vincent was touring England with Eddie Cochran in 1960, and was injured in the car accident that took Mr. Cochran's life. He spent much of the last decade of his life in Britain, but developed substance abuse problems, which affected his career and life in later years. By the fall of 1971, Mr. Vincent was living in the United States, but returned to England for a recording session and concert tour. He performed in Liverpool on October 3 and 4, and then returned to the United States, dying from a ruptured ulcer, internal haemorrhage, and heart failure while visiting his father in California. Mr. Vincent was inducted into the Rockabilly Hall of Fame in 1997 and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998.

Asiatica
The 2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire began in Iran.

Politics and government
Jaafar Nimeiry, who had been President of Sudan since taking power in a coup in 1969, was installed as the country's first elected President, a month after receiving the approval of 98.55% of voters in a referendum.

Baseball
World Series
Baltimore Orioles 1 @ Pittsburgh Pirates 5 (Baltimore led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Winning pitcher Steve Blass (1-0) pitched a 3-hitter and Pittsburgh first baseman Bob Robertson hit a 3-run home run in the 7th inning off losing pitcher Mike Cuellar (0-1) before 50,403 fans in the first World Series game ever played at Three Rivers Stadium.





Nippon Series
Yomiuri Giants 2 @ Hankyu Braves 1 (Yomiuri led best-of-seven series 1-0)

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Endless Love--Diana Ross and Lionel Richie (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Gingiragin ni Sarigenaku--Masahiko Kondō

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Ma Quale Idea--Pino D'Angio (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Dance Little Bird (Chicken Dance)--Electronica's (7th week at #1)

Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (8-5) 28 @ Hamilton (10-3-1) 12



Ottawa (4-10) 6 @ Edmonton (12-1-1) 24

Ottawa quarterback J.C. Watts passed for over 400 yards, but threw 4 interceptions in the Rough Riders' loss to the Eskimos at Commonwealth Stadium. Linebacker Dale Potter and defensive tackle Dave Fennell each returned an interception for a touchdown--the only CFL touchdown for each. Jim Germany rushed 11 yards for the other Eskimo touchdown, while Dave Cutler added 3 converts and 2 field goals. Gerry Organ kicked 2 field goals for the Rough Riders. Tom Wilkinson started at quarterback for the Eskimos; Brian Broomell, in his only CFL game, replaced Mr. Wilkinson on the last play of the 3rd quarter and played the entire 4th quarter, completing just 3 of 9 passes with 2 interceptions. Billy Hardee made 3 interceptions for the Rough Riders, and Jerome Stanton also made an interception for Ottawa.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): Love...Thy Will Be Done--Martika

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Rapput (Senza Fiato)--Claudio Bisio; Rocco Tanica (9th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Asi Me Gusta--Chimo Bayo (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams (12th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams (10th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams (14th week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams (9th week at #1)
2 Crucified--Army of Lovers
3 James Brown is Dead--L.A. Style
4 Lekker Op De Trekker/'n Boerinnen-Wervingslied--Mannenkoor Karrespoor
5 No Deeper Meaning--Culture Beat
6 Cream--Prince and the New Power Generation
7 Set Adrift on Memory Bliss--PM Dawn
8 Don't Cry--Guns N' Roses
9 Something Got Me Started--Simply Red
10 Dominator--Human Resource

Singles entering the chart were Let's Talk About Sex! by Salt-N-Pepa (#26); Everybody's Free (To Feel Good) by Rozalla (#28); Something Special by Nomad (#33); Just Do It by Conquest (#35); Jij Bent Van Mij (True Love Ways) by John Spencer (#36); Why I Believe in You by Texas (#38); and Thinking of You by Maureen Walsh (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Emotions--Mariah Carey
2 Good Vibrations--Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch (featuring Loleatta Holloway)
3 Do Anything--Natural Selection featuring Niki Haris
4 I Adore Mi Amor--Color Me Badd
5 Romantic--Karyn Whitt
6 Something to Talk About--Bonnie Raitt
7 Hole Hearted--Extreme
8 Love of a Lifetime--Firehouse
9 Motownphilly--Boyz II Men
10 Everybody Plays the Fool--Aaron Neville

Singles entering the chart were When a Man Loves a Woman by Michael Bolton (#44); Street of Dreams by Nia Peeples (#66); Top of the World by Van Halen (#69); Live for Loving You by Gloria Estefan (#85); Cool as Ice (Everybody Get Loose) by Vanilla Ice (#94); and Skat Strut by MC Skat Kat & the Stray Mob (#96).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Emotions--Mariah Carey
2 I Adore Mi Amor--Color Me Badd
3 Do Anything--Natural Selection featuring Niki Haris
4 Romantic--Karyn White
5 Hole Hearted--Extreme
6 Good Vibrations--Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch (featuring Loleatta Holloway)
7 Love of a Lifetime--Firehouse
8 Shiny Happy People--R.E.M.
9 Something to Talk About--Bonnie Raitt
10 Love...Thy Will Be Done--Martika

Singles entering the chart were When a Man Loves a Woman by Michael Bolton (#54); Street of Dreams by Nia Peeples (#67); It's So Hard to Say Goodbye to Yesterday by Boyz II Men (#77); Live for Loving You by Gloria Estefan (#87); Stand by My Woman by Lenny Kravitz (#88); Ring My Bell by D.J. Jazzy Jeff and Fresh Prince (#89); and For Your Mind by Robbie Nevil (#90).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 The Real Love--Bob Seger
2 Hole Hearted--Extreme
3 Shiny Happy People--R.E.M.
4 Time, Love and Tenderness--Michael Bolton
5 The Promise of a New Day--Paula Abdul
6 Can't Stop this Thing We Started--Bryan Adams
7 Emotions--Mariah Carey
8 The Motown Song--Rod Stewart (with the Temptations)
9 Calling Elvis--Dire Straits
10 My Town--Glass Tiger

Singles entering the chart were What About Now by Robbie Robertson (#28); Get a Leg Up by John Mellencamp (#31); Set the Night to Music by Roberta Flack with Maxi Priest (#61); Broken Arrow by Rod Stewart (#64); Love is the Subject by the Odds (#79); Hey Donna by Rythm Syndicate (#85); If There were No Dreams by Neil Diamond (#88); Live for Loving You by Gloria Estefan (#90); Live for Today by Young Saints (#91); Political by Spirit of the West (#93); and Never Look Back by Darby Mills (#94).

Died on this date
Regis Toomey, 93. U.S. actor. Mr. Toomey appeared in more than 270 movies and television programs in a career spanning more than 50 years. He was a good friend of U.S. President Ronald Reagan.

Sheila Florance, 75. Australian actress. Miss Florance appeared in plays, films, and television programs in a career spanning more than 40 years. She was best known for playing convict convict Lizzie Birdsworth in the television soap opera Prisoner (1979-1984). Miss Florance died of cancer shortly after receiving the AACTA Award for her starring performance in A Woman's Tale (1991).

Football
CFL
Edmonton (10-5) 45 @ British Columbia (9-6) 38 (OT)

Henry "Gizmo" Williams made a spectacular catch for a touchdown on a pass from Tracy Ham in overtime to give the Eskimos the win over the Lions before 54,108 fans at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver. B.C. quarterback Doug Flutie broke Warren Moon's Canadian Football League record for yards passing in a season with a 582-yard performance in the loss.

CIAU
Alberta (2-4) 17 @ Calgary 24

Craig Kittelson rushed 31 times for 215 yards and a touchdown, and added 33 yards on 3 pass receptions to lead the Dinosaurs over the Golden Bears at McMahon Stadium, eliminating Alberta from playoff contention.

Baseball
American League Championship Series
Minnesota 9 @ Toronto 3 (Minnesota led best-of-seven series 3-1)

The Twins scored 4 runs in the 4th inning and 2 more in the 6th as Jack Morris (2-0) was the winning pitcher over Todd Stottlemyre (0-1).



National League Championship Series
Pittsburgh 3 @ Atlanta 10 (Atlanta led best-of-seven series 2-1)

The Braves scored 4 runs in the bottom of the 1st inning and led 6-1 after 3. Greg Olson, Ron Gant, and Sid Bream hit home runs for the Braves.



25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Macarena--Los Del Rio (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Stranger in Moscow--Michael Jackson

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Wannabe--Spice Girls (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Wannabe--Spice Girls (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Wannabe--Spice Girls (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Banger hart--Rob de Nijs (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Setting Sun--The Chemical Brothers

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)--Los Del Rio (11th week at #1)
2 I Love You Always Forever--Donna Lewis
3 It's All Coming Back to Me Now--Celine Dion
4 Twisted--Keith Sweat
5 Where Do You Go--No Mercy
6 Change the World--Eric Clapton
7 C'mon n' Ride It (The Train)--Quad City DJ's
8 Loungin--LL Cool J
9 You're Makin' Me High/Let it Flow--Toni Braxton
10 Last Night--Az Yet

Singles entering the chart were Sittin' on Top of the World by Da Brat (#34); Nowhere to Go by Melissa Etheridge (#40); No Diggity by BLACKstreet (featuring Dr. Dre) (#48); That Thing You Do! by the Wonders (#92); and The Child (Inside) by Qkumba Zoo (#94). That Thing You Do! was the title song of the movie.

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Cash Box): I Love You Always Forever--Donna Lewis (6th week at #1)

Died on this date
Roger Lapébie, 85. French cyclist. Mr. Lapébie won the Tour de France in 1937 and the Critérium National in 1934 and 1937.

Politics and government
The first New Zealand general election held under the mixed-member proportional (MMP) electoral system resulted in Prime Minister Jim Bolger's National Party retaining its status as the government, but only as the result of a coalition with the New Zealand First Party, led by Winston Peters. The NP won 44 of 120 seats, an increase of 3 from before the election. The Labour Party, led by Helen Clark, was second with 41 seats, a decrease of 4. The NZP increased its total from 5 to 17. The Alliance, led by Jim Anderton, took 13 seats, and ACT New Zealand, led by Richard Prebble, took 5 seats.

Football
CFL
Edmonton (10-6) 34 @ British Columbia (4-11) 31

Sean Fleming missed a field goal on the last play of regulation time, but when B.C. returner Cory Philpot kicked the ball out of the end zone, Brandon Hamilton was called for no yards on the Edmonton returner, and Mr. Fleming then kicked a 22-yard field goal to win the game before 16,031 fans at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver. Shalon Baker scored one of the Edmonton touchdowns on a pass from Danny McManus; it was his last touchdown in the CFL. The game was badly officiated, with most of the questionable calls going in favour of the Eskimos.

CIAU
British Columbia (3-3) 35 @ Alberta (3-2) 14

Baseball
American League Championship Series
New York 8 @ Baltimore 4 (New York led best-of-seven series 3-1)



National League Championship Series
Atlanta 2 @ St. Louis 3 (St. Louis led best-of-seven series 2-1)



20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Hikmet Şimşek, 77. Turkish orchestra conductor. Mr. Şimşek was assistant conductor of the Presidential Symphony Orchestra (CSO) of Turkey (1959-1986), and publicized classical music on Sunday radio programs. He was given the honourary title of state artist of Turkey, and died of a brain tumour.

Football
CFL
British Columbia (6-8) 22 @ Edmonton (7-8-0-1) 28

Winston October returned a punt 69 yards for a touchdown to help the Eskimos defeat the Lions at Commonwealth Stadium.



Baseball
Tom Kelly retired after 15 seasons as manager of the Minnesota Twins. He led them to World Series championships in 1987 and 1991.

National League Division Series
Houston 2 @ Atlanta 6 (Atlanta won best-of-five series 3-0)


Arizona 5 @ St. Louis 3 (Arizona led best-of-five series 2-1)



10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
Heinz Bennent, 90. German-born actor. Mr. Bennent appeared in almost 120 movies and television programs in a career spanning almost 50 years. He was nominated for a César Award for his supporting performance in The Last Metro (1980). Mr. Bennent moved to Switzerland in the 1970s, and died in Lausanne.

Patricia Breslin, 80. U.S. actress. Miss Breslin appeared in several movies, but was known for her co-starring role in the television comedy series The People's Choice (1955-1958) and recurring roles in the soap operas Peyton Place (1964-1965) and General Hospital (1965-1969). She retired from acting when she married Art Modell, owner of the Cleveland Browns football team, and was a philanthropist in Cleveland and later in Baltimore, after Mr. Modell moved the team there in 1996 to become the Ravens. Miss Breslin died after a long battle with pancreatitis.

Dennis Ritchie, 70. U.S. computer scientist. Dr. Ritchie created the C programming language and, with long-time colleague Ken Thompson, the Unix operating system and B programming language, receiving numerous awards. He was found dead at his home after suffering from prostate cancer and heart disease for several years.

Terrorism
Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, a Nigerian al-Qaida operative, pled guilty to trying to bring down a jetliner with a bomb in his underwear minutes before the plane landed in Detroit on Christmas Day 2009. He was later sentenced to life in prison.

Baseball
American League Championship Series
Texas 7 @ Detroit 3 (11 innings) (Texas led best-of-seven series 3-1)

Mike Napoli singled home Josh Hamilton from second base and Nelson Cruz followed with a 3-run home run for the Texas Rangers as they broke a 3-3 tie and defeated the Tigers before 42,234 fans at Comerica Park.



National League Championship Series
Milwaukee 3 @ St. Louis 4 (St. Louis led best-of-seven series 2-1)

The Cardinals scored all their runs in the bottom of the 1st inning and held on to defeat the Brewers before 43,584 fans at Busch Stadium.