1813
War
At Put-in-Bay, Ohio, U.S. Commodore Oliver Perry captured a smaller British naval fleet under Lieutenant Robert Barclay in the Battle of Lake Erie, taking the Detroit, the Queen Charlotte, the Lady Prevost, and three armed schooners. The victory gave the Americans command of the lake for the rest of the War of 1812. Commodore Perry reported to Washington: "We have met the enemy, and they are ours."
190 years ago
1823
Politics and government
Simón Bolívar was named President of Peru.
Transportation
The Champlain Canal opened in New York state, linking the Hudson River with Lake Champlain, and allowing water passage to the St. Lawrence River and Montreal.
90 years ago
1923
Space
A total solar eclipse occurred, reaching 90% of totality is southern California and Mexico.
Bank robber Red Ryan and four other convicts escaped from the Kingston Penitentiary in Kingston, Ontario. They set fire to a barn full of hay and the smoke blocked the guards' view as the convicts used a makeshift ladder to scale the penitentiary's 24-foot-high wall. Mr. Ryan was the last to climb the wall, and he struck Chief Keeper Matt Walsh with a pitchfork before fleeing with the others in an old Chevrolet.
80 years ago
1933
Died on this date
Giuseppe Campari, 34. Italian auto racing driver; Baconin Borzacchini, 34. Italian auto racing driver; Stanislaw Czaykowski, 34. Polish auto racing driver. Messrs. Campari, Borzacchini, and Czaykowski were all killed in the Italian Grand Prix at Monza. Mr. Campari was leading the race when his car skidded on leaked oil during a sharp turn and crashed, killing him instantly. Mr. Borzacchini was right behind him in second place and was killed when he veered off the track while trying to avoid Mr. Campari's car. When the race was restarted, Count Czaykowski's car crashed and caught fire, and he burned to death.
75 years ago
1938
Americana
Marilyn Meseke, representing Ohio, was named Miss America 1938 at the annual pageant at the Steel Pier in Atlantic City, New Jersey.
70 years ago
1943
On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on MBS
Tonight's episode: The Bruce-Partington Plans
War
German forces under Field Marshal General Albert Kesselring seized Rome and began their occupation of the city, while the Italian Navy turned their fleet over to the Allies. Canadian troops moved 75 miles inland from Reggio Calabria in spite of rain, poor mountain roads and German rearguard actions, after crossing the Aspromonte Mountains and moving along the Gulf of Taranto to Catanzaro, Italy. To assist American troops in the breakout from the Salerno bridgehead, a Canadian brigade was diverted from the main line of advance to seize Potenza, an important road centre east of Salerno. The Soviet Red Army captured the Sea of Azov port of Mariupol, and the westward drive from the Donets Basin carried to Chaplino, 60 miles east of the Dnieper River. Australian troops in New Guinea reached the Busu River, four miles east of Lae, and advance elements of the forces on the west were pushing forward to the main defense outpost at Heath's Plantation.
Defense
HMCS St. Boniface was commissioned for the Royal Canadian Navy at Esquimalt, British Columbia.
Diplomacy
Iran became the 32nd member of the United Nations, 24 hours after declaring war against Germany.
Politics and government
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt named James M. Landis as minister to the Middle East in charge of U.S. economic operations there.
60 years ago
1953
Died on this date
Jim Ambrose, 23. Canadian football player. Mr. Ambrose, a tackle, played with the Montreal Alouettes of the IRFU from 1950-1952. He was playing intermediate football with the Lakeshore Flyers of the QRFU when he collapsed while coming off the field early in the 3rd quarter of a game against the Ottawa Seconds, and died two days later.
50 years ago
1963
Society
Twenty Negro students entered public schools in Birmingham, Mobile, and Tuskegee, Alabama, after President John F. Kennedy sent National Guardsman to end the standoff with Alabama Governor George Wallace. At West End High School in Birmingham, hundreds of white students boycotted school, while many of those who did attend hurled racial slurs at the two Negro students who were admitted.
40 years ago
1973
Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Delta Dawn--Helen Reddy (5th week at #1)
#1 single in France: Tout donné, tout repris--Mike Brant (2nd week at #1)
Died on this date
Cornelia Meigs, 88. U.S. author. Miss Meigs wrote children's books and won the Newbery Medal in 1933 for Invincible Louisa (1933), a biography of Louisa May Alcott.
Economics and finance
U.S. President Richard Nixon said he would veto any legislation that reduced defense spending below his budget or raised the cost of domestic programs.
Boxing
Former world heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali (42-2), who had suffered a broken jaw in losing a 12-round split decision to Ken Norton on March 31, won a 12-round split decision over Mr. Norton (30-2) at the Forum in Inglewood, California. On the undercard, Jerry Quarry (47-6-4) scored a technical knockout of Tony Doyle (39-13-1) at 1:38 of the 4th round of their heavyweight bout. It was the third fight between the two: they had fought a 10-round draw in 1965, and Mr. Quarry had won a unanimous 10-round decision in 1971.
Jeff Merritt (22-1) scored a technical knockout of former World Boxing Association world heavyweight champion Ernie Terrell (46-9) at 2:42 of the 1st round at Madison Square Garden in New York. It was Mr. Terrell's last fight.
30 years ago
1983
Hit parade
#1 single in France: Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)--Eurythmics (4th week at #1)
#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Dolce Vita--Ryan Paris (2nd week at #1)
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Red Red Wine--UB40
#1 single in the U.K.: Red Red Wine--UB40 (2nd week at #1)
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Maniac--Michael Sembello
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)--Eurythmics (2nd week at #1)
2 Every Breath You Take--The Police
3 Maniac--Michael Sembello
4 Puttin' on the Ritz--Taco
5 The Safety Dance--Men Without Hats
6 She Works Hard for the Money--Donna Summer
7 Tell Her About It--Billy Joel
8 I'll Tumble 4 Ya--Culture Club
9 China Girl--David Bowie
10 Don't Cry--Asia
Singles entering the chart were If Anyone Falls by Stevie Nicks (#77); Foolin' by Def Leppard (#85); Heart and Soul by Huey Lewis and the News (#86); Everyday People by Joan Jett & the Blackhearts (#88); and Spice of Life by the Manhattan Transfer (#89).
Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)--Eurythmics
2 Total Eclipse of the Heart--Bonnie Tyler
3 Maniac--Michael Sembello
4 Every Breath You Take--The Police
5 Our House--Madness
6 She Works Hard for the Money--Donna Summer
7 Never Gonna Let You Go--Sergio Mendes
8 Rock 'N' Roll is King--Electric Light Orchestra
9 China Girl--David Bowie
10 1999--Prince
Singles entering the chart were Sitting at the Wheel by the Moody Blues (#45); Making Love (Out of Nothing at All) by Air Supply (#46); Pale Shelter (You Don't Give Me Love) by Tears for Fears (#48); Modern Love by David Bowie (#49); and Everyday I Write the Book by Elvis Costello (#50).
Died on this date
Felix Bloch, 77. Swiss-born U.S. physicist. Dr. Bloch shared the 1952 Nobel Prize for Physics with Edward Mills Purcell "for their development of new ways and methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements."
John Vorster, 65. Prime Minister of South Africa, 1966-1978; 4th State President of South Africa, 1978-1979. Mr. Vorster, leader of the National Party, succeeded the assassinated Hendrik Verwoerd as Prime Minister. He was a staunch advocate of the racial policy of apartheid, but pursued a pragmatic foreign policy. Mr. Vorster was succeeded as Prime Minister by P.W. Botha and took the ceremonial office of State President.
Jon Brower Minnoch, 41. U.S. fat man. Mr. Minnoch, at his peak, weighed approximately 1,400 pounds, making him the heaviest person ever recorded. He went on a medically-supervised diet and lost approximately 924 pounds--down to 476--but the weight, mainly consisting of excess fluid, increased, and he weighed 798 pounds when he died.
Diplomacy
Finnish pilots announced a two-month boycott of flights to Moscow in reaction to the September 1 downing of Korean Air Lines Flight 007 over Soviet air space with the loss of all 269 people on board.
Football
CFL
Montreal (2-7) 30 @ Winnipeg (5-4) 18
Toronto (7-2) 32 @ British Columbia (6-3) 14
Johnny Evans rushed for a touchdown and threw touchdown passes to Nick Arakgi and Jeff Patterson as the Concordes ended a 6-game losing streak by beating the Blue Bombers before 27,189 fans at Winnipeg Stadium. One of the Montreal touchdowns was set up by an 85-yard punt return by Preston Young. Nickie Hall started at quarterback for Winipeg in place of the suspended Dieter Brock, and connected with Jeff Boyd for a 41-yard touchdown to open the scoring at 6:03 of the 1st quarter. James Reed played middle linebacker for the Blue Bombers; he had suffered a serious injury in training camp in 1982, and it was his first game since November 8, 1981. It turned out to be Mr. Reed's last game as a Blue Bomber.
Condredge Holloway rushed 17 yards for a touchdown 2:03 into the game and threw touchdown passes of 37 and 52 yards to Terry Greer as the Argonauts became the first visiting team to ever win at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver. The crowd of 52,656 saw Larry Jones score the only B.C. touchdown on a 14-yard pass from Joe Paopao in the 3rd quarter. Toronto defensive back Donovan Rose scored the last touchdown on a 61-yard interception return with 1:37 remaining in the game.
CIAU
Queen's (1-0) 36 Carleton (0-1) 4
Bishop's (1-0) 22 McGill (0-1) 8
Concordia (1-0) 33 Ottawa (0-1) 10
Toronto (1-0) 35 Windsor (0-1) 7
McMaster (1-0) 28 Guelph (0-1) 10
Western Ontario (1-0) 24 York (0-1) 6
Saskatchewan (2-0) 27 @ Alberta (1-1) 22
Manitoba (1-1) 12 British Columbia (0-1) 9
25 years ago
1988
Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Gimme Five 2--Jovanotti (2nd week at #1)
#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Tribute (Right On)--The Pasadenas (3rd week at #1)
#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Stop--Sam Brown
#1 single in France (SNEP): Nuit de folie--Début de Soirée (9th week at #1)
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): A Groovy Kind of Love--Phil Collins
#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): A Groovy Kind of Love--Phil Collins
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Sweet Child o' Mine--Guns 'N' Roses
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Sweet Child o' Mine--Guns 'N' Roses
2 Monkey--George Michael
3 Simply Irresistible--Robert Palmer
4 Perfect World--Huey Lewis and the News
5 I Don't Wanna Go On with You Like That--Elton John
6 Fast Car--Tracy Chapman
7 If it Isn't Love--New Edition
8 When it's love--Van Halen
9 I'll Always Love You--Taylor Dayne
10 Nobody's Fool--Kenny Loggins
Singles entering the chart were One Moment in Time by Whitney Houston (#56); The Promise by When in Rome (#78); Dance Little Sister (Part 1) by Terence Trent D'Arby (#80); Strangelove by Depeche Mode (#82); How Can I Fall? by Breathe (#85); Kokomo by the Beach Boys (#86); Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley (Free Baby) by Will to Power (#88); and You Came by Kim Wilde (#90).
Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Perfect World--Huey Lewis and the News
2 Simply Irresistible--Robert Palmer
3 Fast Car--Tracy Chapman
4 Monkey--George Michael
5 Hands to Heaven--Breathe
6 Diamond Sun--Glass Tiger
7 I Don't Wanna Live Without Love--Chicago
8 Love Will Save the Day--Whitney Houston
9 It Would Take a Strong Man--Rick Astley
10 Sweet Child o' Mine--Guns 'N' Roses
Singles entering the chart were Indestructible by the Four Tops (#78); The Loco-Motion by Kylie Minogue (#83); Nothing Can Come Between Us by Sade (#86); Ya Ya by the Steve Miller Band (#90); Chains of Love by Erasure (#91); Breakfast in Bed by UB40 with Chrissie Hynde (#92); Come Back to Me by Barney Bentall (#94); Wild Wild West by Escape Club (#96); Living for You by Joan Armatrading (#97); and Nightmare on My Street by D.J. Jazzy Jeff and Fresh Prince (#98).
Americana
Gretchen Carlson, representing Minnesota, was named Miss America 1989 at the annual pageant at Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Television
CTV switched from ground to satellite transmission.
Politics and government
Burma's ruling Socialist Program Party announced that elections would be held that would end 26 years of one-party rule.
Tennis
19-year-old Steffi Graf of West Germany defeated Gabriela Sabatini of Argentina in three sets to win the women's singles title at the U.S. Open championships, becoming the first woman to win the grand slam since Margaret Court in 1970.
Football
CFL
Ottawa (1-9) 16 @ Calgary (3-7) 17 (OT)
CIAU
Manitoba (1-1) 21 @ Alberta (0-2) 17
20 years ago
1993
Football
CFL
Calgary (10-1) 16 @ Edmonton (7-4) 29
Lucius Floyd, playing his first game in an Edmonton uniform, caught 2 touchdown passes from Damon Allen as the Eskimos handed the Stampeders their first loss of the season in an entertaining game before 54,324 fans at Commonwealth Stadium. Michael Soles rushed 14 yards for the other Edmonton touchdown. Calgary quarterback Doug Flutie completed just 16 of 34 passes for 124 yards and 3 interceptions. He passed to Derrick Crawford for a touchdown and handed off to Andy McVey for the other Calgary major score.
10 years ago
2003
Politics and government
Syrian President Bashar al-Assad appointed reformist Muhammad Naji al-Otari as Prime Minister, the first sign of major change under Mr. Assad since he had taken office after his father's death in 2000.
Ahmed Qurei, speaker of the Palestinian parliament, accepted Palestine Liberation Organization leader Yasser Arafat's nomination to become Palestinian prime minister.
Scandal
Former Enron treasurer Ben Glisan, Jr. pled guilty in U.S. district court in Houston to criminal wire fraud. He had sought to conceal almost $1 billion in company losses in an off-balance sheet partnership. Judge Kenneth Hoyt sentenced Mr. Glisan to five years in prison, and he was also required to give up $938,000 in profits from his illegal transaction.
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