March 22, 2018

1,780 years ago
238

Politics and government
Gordian I and his son Gordian II were proclaimed Roman Emperors.

380 years ago
1638

Religion
Anne Hutchinson was expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony and excommunicated from the Boston church for religious dissent, even after she had read a recantation of her alleged heresies during her church trial. With her children and some followers, Mrs. Hutchinson walked for six days until reaching Providence, Rhode Island.

150 years ago
1868

Born on this date
Robert Andrews Millikan. U.S. physicist. Dr. Millikan was awarded the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect." He was Chairman of the Executive Council of California Institute of Technology from 1921-1945, and was associated with the Human Betterment Foundation eugenics organization. Dr. Millikan died on December 19, 1953 at the age of 85.

110 years ago
1908

Born on this date
Jack Crawford. Australian tennis player. Mr. Crawford was one of the top players in the world in the 1930s. He was ranked number one in the world in 1933, when he won the Australian, French, and Wimbledon men's singles title, and was runner-up in the U.S. national championships. He also won the men's singles title in the Australian Championships in 1931, 1932, and 1935, and won 11 men's and mixed Grand Slam doubles titles from 1929-1935. Mr. Crawford was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1979, and died on September 10, 1991 at the age of 83.

100 years ago
1918

Born on this date
Cheddi Jagan. 4th President of Guyana, 1992-1997; Chief Minister of British Guiana, 1953, 1961-1964. Mr. Jagan, a Marxist-Leninist and eventually a democratic socialist, led the People's Progressive Party from its inception in 1950 until his death from a heart attack 16 days before his 79th birthday, and is widely regarded as the "Father of the Nation." His first term as Chief Minister of the then-British colony ended after British military intervention in reaction to his electoral victory. Mr. Jagan led the PPP to victory in 1961, but refused to resign after the opposition People's United Congress and United Force parties formed a coalition to establish a parliamentary majority after the December 1964 general election; Mr. Jagan was removed from office by Governor Richard Luyt. Mr. Jagan died on March 6, 1997, 16 days before his 79th birthday.

90 years ago
1928

At the movies
Spione (Spies), directed and co-written by Fritz Lang, and starring Rudolf Klein-Rogge and Gerda Maurus, opened in theatres in Germany.



Law
The Quebec Legislative Assembly passed a law restricting admission to motion pictures to people 16 years of age or older. The law was passed almost seven months after the report of Judge Louis Boyer, who conducted an investigation into the January 9, 1927 fire at Laurier Palace in Montreal, in which 77 children perished.

80 years ago
1938

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Quarter-finals
New York Americans 2 New York Rangers 1 (2OT) (Americans led best-of-three series 1-0)

Johnny Sorrell scored the winning goal at 1:25 of the 2nd overtime period at Madison Square Garden to give the Americans their win.

75 years ago
1943

War
Soviet troops captured Durove, 60 miles northeast of Smolensk, and 40 populated places to the north below Byelyi. U.K. and U.S. forces in Tunisia made gains along the Mareth Line against the German Afrika Korps forces of Field Marshal Erwin Rommel.

Abominations
The entire population of Khatyn (in what is now Belarus) was burnt alive by German occupation Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118.

Diplomacy
Axis radio broadcasts announced that representatives in Tokyo under provisions of the Tripartite Pact had reached complete agreement on building a "new world order base on justice and eternal world peace."

Politics and government
The Liberal Party captured 71 seats (64.4% of the popular vote) to win a majority in the 131-seat Chamber of Deputies in the Colombian parliamentary election. The Conservative Party won 50 seats (33.8% of the vote) and the Communists won 3 seats (1.8% of the vote).

Americana
The U.S. Census Burerau reported that the population of the continental United States had increased 1.2% in 1942 to 135,604,000.

Technology
Professor L.C. Martin of the Imperial College of Science reported inventing a microscope using beams of electrons instead of light.

70 years ago
1948

Diplomacy
The Italian government agreed to discuss the Western proposal for the return of Trieste to Italy, but rejected a Yugoslavian offer to give up claims to Trieste in return for the Italian border city of Gorizla.

Politics and government
Colombian President Mariano Ospina Perez appointed a new all-Conservative cabinet following the resignation of Liberals from the previous coalition cabinet.

Society
A civil rights delegation led by A. Philip Randolph visited U.S. President Harry Truman and declared that American Negroes would not "shoulder a gun to fight for democracy abroad unless they get democracy at home."

Economics and finance
U.S. military authorities in Germany issued a new occupation currency.

European socialists from 14 states ended a two-day conference in London by agreeing to support the Marshall Plan as Europe's only hope of avoiding "economic misery and political disorder."

60 years ago
1958

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): April Love--Pat Boone (6th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Der lachende Vagabund--Fred Bertelmann (9th week at #1)

#1 single in France (IFOP): Hello, le soleil brille--Annie Cordy (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Magic Moments/Catch a Falling Star--Perry Como (4th week at #1)

U.S. top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Tequila--The Champs (2nd week at #1)
2 Sweet Little Sixteen--Chuck Berry
3 Catch a Falling Star--Perry Como
4 26 Miles (Santa Catalina)--The Four Preps
5 Lollipop--The Chordettes
--Ronald and Ruby
6 Who's Sorry Now--Connie Francis
7 It's Too Soon to Know--Pat Boone
8 Short Shorts--The Royal Teens
9 Sail Along Silvery Moon--Billy Vaughn and his Orchestra
10 Oh Julie--The Crescendos

Singles entering the chart were Arrividerci, Roma by Mario Lanza (#38, charting with the version by Roger Williams); There's Only One of You by the Four Lads (#45); Book of Love by the Monotones (#49); A Very Precious Love by the Ames Brothers (#53); The Marching Saints by Harry Belafonte (#57); We Belong Together by Robert and Johnny (#58); I Met Him on a Sunday (Ronde-Ronde) by the Shirelles (#60); and Been So Long by the Pastels (also #60).

Died on this date
George S. Long, 74. U.S. politician. "Doc" Long, a Democrat, was a dentist by profession until going into politics. He sat in the Oklahoma State House of Representatives from 1922-1923 before moving back to his native Louisiana, where he unsuccessfully campaigned in 1948 and 1950 for his party's nomination for Louisiana's 8th District in the U.S. House of Representatives. He was finally elected in 1952, and held the seat until his death. Dr. Long was the brother of Louisiana Governors Huey Long and Earl Long.

Art Cohn, 48. U.S. journalist. Mr. Cohn was a sportswriter with the Oakland Tribune from 1936-1943, known for his hard-hitting opinions on issues such as racial equality. He became a screenwriter in the late 1940s, working on films such as The Set-Up (1949) and The Tall Target (1951). Mr. Cohn returned to sportswriting with the San Francisco Examiner in 1958, and was working on a biography of producer Mike Todd when the two were killed in a plane crash in New Mexico. Mr. Cohn's wife Marta finished the book, which was released later in 1958 as The Nine Lives of Mike Todd.

Mike Todd, 48. U.S. theatre and film producer. Mr. Todd, born Avrom Hirsch Goldbogen, produced 17 Broadway plays, but was better known for his work in films. He helped to pioneer the Cinerama widescreen process before developing the Todd-AO widescreen process. Mr. Todd won the Academy Award for Best Picture for Around the World in 80 Days (1956). He married actress Elizabeth Taylor on February 2, 1957--it was the third marriage for both. He was flying to New York aboard his private plane when the overloaded plane suffered engine failure in icing conditions over New Mexico, and crashed, killing all four aboard. Besides Mr. Todd, those killed were pilot Bill Vermeer, co-pilot Tom Barclay, and Art Cohn. Mr. Todd was the only one of Miss Taylor's seven husbands she didn't divorce--although that probably would have happened in time.

War
Indonesian insurgent Prime Minister Sjafruddin appealed for military and economic aid against the Jakarta government of President Sukarno.

Politics and government
In a move seen as consolidating President Gamal Nasser's control over the Syrian Army, the United Arab Republic announced the resignation of Field Marshal Afif Bizri, former Syrian Army chief of staff.

Basketball
NBA
Eastern Division Finals
Boston 109 @ Philadelphia 87 (Boston led best-of-seven series 2-0)

Western Division Finals
St. Louis 99 @ Detroit 96 (St. Louis led best-of-seven series 2-0)

NCAA
Men's Championship
Final @ Freedom Hall, Louisville
Kentucky 84 Seattle 72

The Wildcats came back from an 11-point 1st-half deficit to defeat the Chieftains for their fourth and final championship under coach Adolph Rupp. Seattle's Elgin Baylor was named the tournament's most valuable player.

50 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Bend Me, Shape Me--The American Breed (2nd week at #1)

Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 Playboy--Gene and Debbe
2 Love is Blue (L'Amour est Bleu)--Paul Mauriat and his Orchestra
3 The Unicorn--The Irish Rovers
4 Too Much Talk--Paul Revere and the Raiders
5 Just Dropped In (To See What Condition My Condition was In)--The First Edition
6 (Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay--Otis Redding
7 The Ballad of Bonnie and Clyde--Georgie Fame
8 Thank U Very Much--The Scaffold
9 Valleri--The Monkees
10 Lady Madonna--The Beatles
Pick of the Week: Hey Joe--The Nomads
New this week: Forever Came Today--Diana Ross and the Supremes
I Will Always Think About You--The New Colony Six
Red Red Wine--Neil Diamond
A Hundred Men--Glenn Yarbrough
The Importance of the Rose--Rod McKuen

The Nomads were an Edmonton group who recorded on the Damon label (for education students, that's nomad spelled backwards). Hey Joe was a staple of 1960s bands--although the lyrics are politically incorrect by 2000s standards. The B-side, The Letter, was one of the biggest hits of the '60s, having been a huge hit the previous fall for the Box Tops. It was a hit again for the Arbors in 1969, and yet again (as a B-side, at that) for Joe Cocker in 1970.

War
U.S. President Lyndon Johnson named General William Westmoreland to the post of Army chief of staff. Contingent upon confirmation by the Senate, General Westmoreland was scheduled to give up his command in Vietnam and assume his new duties in Washington on July 2.

Diplomacy
U.S. President Johnson named former Peace Corps director Sargent Shriver as U.S. Ambassador to France, succeeding Charles Bohlen, who in December 1967 had been appointed Deputy Undersecretary of State for political affairs.

Politics and government
Antonin Novotny resigned as President of Czechoslovakia, the day after a National Assembly committee had demanded his resignation. The ouster of Mr. Novotny was viewed by many as marking the end of Stalinism in Czechoslovakia.

Mauro Koivisto formed a five-party coalition government and succeeded fellow Social Democrat Rafael Paasio as Prime Minister of Finland.

Wilbur J. Cohen was named by U.S. President Johnson as Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, succeeding John Gardner, who had resigned on March 1.

Weather
Calgary experienced the lowest relative humidity ever recorded in Canada: 6%.

Basketball
NBA
Eastern Division Semi-Finals
New York 110 @ Philadelphia 118 (Philadelphia led best-of-seven series 1-0)

Western Division Semi-Finals
San Francisco 111 @ St. Louis 106 (San Francisco led best-of-seven series 1-0)

NCAA
Semi-Finals
The University of California at Los Angeles Bruins, led by junior Lew Alcindor, snapped the University of Houston Cougars' 32-game winning streak with a 101-69 victory in Los Angeles. The next day, the Bruins defeated North Carolina for their second straight national title and fourth in five years under coach John Wooden.

40 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Wuthering Heights--Kate Bush (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Sonora Dodd, 96. U.S. activist. Mrs. Dodd’s suggestion for a "Father’s Day" was adopted in 1910, and was first observed in Spokane, Washington on June 19 that year. Mrs. Dodd wanted to honour her father, William Smart, a U.S. Civil War veteran who had raised his six children as a widower when his wife died giving birth to Sonora, the youngest child. In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge supported the idea of a National Father’s Day, but it wasn’t until 1966 that President Lyndon Johnson signed a proclamation declaring the third Sunday in June as Father’s Day. Mrs. Dodd died in Spokane.

Karl Wallenda, 73. German-born acrobat. Mr. Wallenda was the founder of The Flying Wallendas, an internationally known daredevil circus act famous for performing death-defying high-wire stunts without a safety net. Mr. Wallenda started performing at age six with his family. He founded his own four-person act in 1922; the act moved to the United States in 1928 and began an association with the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Combined Circus. Later they performed as freelancers, and in 1947 they developed the unequalled three-tier 7-Man Pyramid. The pyramid collapsed during a performance in Detroit in 1962, killing two members of the act and seriously injuring two others. However, in keeping with show business tradition, the Flying Wallendas continued performing, despite the loss of other members in subsequent accidents. On March 22, 1978, Mr. Wallenda attempted a walk between the two towers of the ten-story Condado Plaza Hotel in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on a wire stretched 37 metres (121 feet) above the pavement; he fell to his death when winds exceeded 48 kilometres per hour (30 miles per hour). The Wallenda family attributed the tragedy to "several misconnected guy ropes along the wire" and not the windy conditions. A film crew from WAPA-TV in San Juan filmed the fall, and the video, featuring anchorman Guillermo Jose Torres' anguished narration of the fall, circled the world.



War
A vanguard of the United Nations Interim Forces in Lebanon (UNIFIL), about 100 men, arrived in Lebanon to begin enforcing a ceasefire between Israeli forces and Palestinian terrorists. French President Valery Giscard d'Estaing announced that France would be part of the force because of traditional French links with the Lebanese people. France had traditionally avoided participation in peacekeeping activities.

Crime
Three prisoners emerged from St-Jérôme prison in Quebec with their six hostages after a two-week standoff, ending Canada's longest hostage-taking.

Hockey
CHL
Tulsa 5 @ Dallas 4
Fort Worth 6 @ Salt Lake City 2

30 years ago
1988

On television tonight
The Wonder Years, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Swingers

Hockey
NHL
Edmonton 6 Detroit 4
Vancouver 5 Toronto 3

25 years ago
1993

Hit parade
#1 single in Germany (Media Control): All that She Wants--Ace of Base (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Steve Olin, 27. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Olin, a member of the Cleveland Indians since 1989, was in a boat with fellow pitchers Tim Crews and Bob Ojeda on Little Lake Nellie in Clermont, Florida during spring training, when Mr. Crews, whose blood alcohol level was .14, drove the boat into an unlighted dock. Mr. Crews died a few hours later, early the next day, and Mr. Ojeda was seriously injured. In 4 seasons with the Indians, Mr. Olin appeared in 195 games, all but 1 in relief. He won 16 games and lost 19, with 48 saves and a 3.10 earned run average. His last season was his best, as he recorded 8 wins and 5 losses with 29 saves in 72 games.

Technology
The Intel Corporation shipped the first Pentium computer chips (80586), featuring a 60 MHz clock speed, 100+ million instructions per second (MIPS), and a 64 bit data path.

20 years ago
1998

Music
The 1997 Juno Awards for recorded music achievement in Canada were presented in Vancouver. Sara McLach­lan was named best artist, and David Fos­ter was inducted into the Cana­dian Music Hall of Fame.

Oil
Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and Mexico announced a cut in oil production, a move which was expected to reverse a sharp drop in world prices.

Hockey
NHL
Vancouver 1 Toronto 1

10 years ago
2008

Figure skating
Jeffrey Buttle of Barrie, Ontario won the gold medal in the men's singles competition at the World Championships in Gothenburg, Sweden. Brian Joubert of France won the silver medal, and Johnny Weir of the U.S.A. won the bronze medal.