July 17, 2021

250 years ago
1771

Abominations
Dene men, acting as guides to Samuel Hearne on his exploration of the Coppermine River in present-day Nunavut, massacred a group of about 20 Copper Inuit.

230 years ago
1791

Protest
Members of the French National Guard under the command of General Lafayette opened fire on a crowd of radical Jacobins at the Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution, killing as many as 50 people.

200 years ago
1821

Americana
Spain ceded Florida to the United States.

190 years ago
1831

Born on this date
Xianfeng. Emperor of China, 1850-1861. Xianfeng, born Yizhu, acceded to the throne upon the death of his father Daoguang, and was the last Chinese emperor to have total executive ruling power. The Qing dynasty continued its decline during Xianfeng's reign, which included the Taiping Rebellion, Nian Rebellion, and Second Opium War. He died "after a short life of overindulgence" on August 22, 1861 at the age of 30, and was succceeded by his 6-year-old son Tongzhi, although Empress Dowager Cixi controlled the dynasty.

150 years ago
1871

Died on this date
Karl Tausig, 29. Polish musician and composer. Mr. Tausig was a pupil of Franz Liszt, and was regarded as the greatest concert pianist of his time. He wrote several works for piano, and was touring when he died in Leipzig from typhoid.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Rupert Atkinson. Chinese-born U.K. military officer. Captain Atkinson served with the Royal Flying Corps/Royal Air Force in World War I, recording five combat victories from May-October 1918, earing the Distinguished Flying Cross and Military Cross. He was home on leave when he fell victim to the influenza epidemic and died of pneumonia on March 7, 1919 at the age of 22.

Died on this date
Joseph Alfred Novello, 85-86. U.K. publisher. Mr. Novello, the son of composer and publisher Vincent Novello, was a professional singer before he took over his father's music publishing house Novello & Co in 1829 and grew it into a commercial success, greatly reducing the price of sheet music. He played and compose organ music in his later years.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Heinz Lehmann. German-born Canadian psychiatrist. Dr. Lehmann emigrated to Canada in 1937; in 1947 he was appointed Clinical Director of Douglas Hospital in Montreal. Dr. Lehmann was chairman of the McGill University Psychiatry Department from 1971-1975, and served on the LeDain Commission on the non-medical use of drugs from 1969-1972. He was best known for his use of chlorpromazine for the treatment of schizophrenia in 1950s earning recognition as the "father of modern psychopharmacology." Dr. Lehmann supported decriminalization of marijuana use, and was a member of the American Psychiatric Association committee that removed homosexuality from its list of mental disorders in 1973. He died on April 7, 1999 at the age of 87.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Louis Lachenal. French mountaineer. Mr. Lachenal and Maurice Herzog reached the summit of Annapurna I in Nepal--26,545 feet (8,091 metres)--on June 3, 1950, becoming the first people to climb a summit of more than 8,000 metres. Mr. Lachemal died when he fell into a snow-covered crevasse while skiing the Vallee Blanche in Chamonix on November 25, 1955 at the age of 34.

George Barnes. U.S. musician. Mr. Barnes was a swing jazz guitarist who played on his own and with others in a career spanning more than 35 years. He played the first electric guitar in 1931, and reportedly made the first recording of an electric guitar in 1938. Mr. Barnes died of a heart attack on September 5, 1977 at the age of 56.

Mary Osborne. U.S. musician. Miss Osborne was a jazz guitarist who played with artists such as Dizzy Gillespie, Art Tatum, Coleman Hawkins, and Thelonious Monk from the 1940s through the 1960s. She and her husband founded the Osborne Guitar Company in Bakersfield, California in 1968, and she played at jazz festivals until her death from chronic leukemia on March 4, 1992 at the age of 70.

Toni Stone. U.S. baseball player. Miss Stone played second base with the San Francisco Sea Lions (1946); New Orleans Creoles (1949-1952); Indianapolis Clowns (1953); and Kansas City Monarchs (1954), becoming the first woman to play in the Negro Leagues. She batted .243 in 50 games with the Clowns, but retired after the 1954 season because of lack of playing time. Miss Stone worked as a nurse after her playing career, and died on November 2, 1996 at the age of 75.

František Zvarík. Slovak actor. Mr. Zvarik was a stage actor with the Slovak National Theatre for more than 50 years, and appeared in more than 20 movies, most notably Obchod na korze (The Shop on Main Street) (1965). Mr. Zvarik died on August 17, 2008, a month after his 87th birthday.

80 years ago
1941

War
The Supreme Soviet announced that political commissars were being restored to Red Army units under the title of "war commissars."

Diplomacy
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued a "Proclaimed list of Certain Blocked Nationals," including 1,800 Latin American firms and individuals acting in the interests of Germany and Italy. All U.S. trade with these firms was prohibited.

Defense
A second draft lottery was held in Washington to determine the order of conscription for 750,000 men.

Politics and government
Cuban President Fulgencio Batista formed a new cabinet.

Baseball
The New York Yankees edged the Cleveland Indians 4-3 before 67,438 fans at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland, but Cleveland pitchers Al Smith and Jim Bagby combined to end New York center fielder Joe DiMaggio's hitting streak at 56 games, which remains the major league record.

Dom DiMaggio drove in 3 runs with a home run and a double to help the Boston Red Sox defeat the Chicago White Sox 7-4 before 27,437 fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago.

The Cincinnati Reds scored 3 runs in the top of the 1st inning and 2 in the 3rd, and held on for a 5-4 win over the New York Giants before 20,289 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York. Elmer Riddle pitched a 10-hit complete game to improve his record for the season to 11-0.

The Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies played to a 2-2 tie before 1,500 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia in a game that was called after 6 innings. Philadelphia catcher Bennie Warren hit a 2-run home run in the 4th inning.

75 years ago
1946

Died on this date
Draja Mikhailovich, 53. Serbian military officer. General Mikhailovich led the Chetnik Detachments of the Yugoslav Army during World War II. He and nine fellow officers were executed by firing squad in Belgrade after being convicted by the Military Section of the People's Supreme Court on charges of high treason and war crimes in a trial whose fairness was disputed.

Diplomacy
U.S.S.R. Lieutenant Redin was acquitted by a U.S. federal jury in Seattle on charges of espionage and conspiracy, and thanked the court for "this fair trial."

Politics and government
U.S. Senator Burton K. Wheeler (Democrat--Montana) lost his party's nomination for the November 1946 election to Leif Erickson, who had attacked Sen. Wheeler for his pre-World War II isolationist views and for being insufficiently liberal.

70 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Suspense, on CBS
Tonight's episode: Wisteria Cottage, starring Marjorie Gateson and William Redfield



At the movies
Show Boat, directed by George Sidney, and starring Kathryn Grayson, Ava Gardner, and Howard keel, received its premiere screening in Hollywood.



Died on this date
Riad as-Solh, 56. Prime Minister of Lebanon, 1943-1945, 1946-1951. Mr. Solh was one of the most important figures in the struggle for Lebanese independence, and succeeded in uniting the country's religious factions. He joined the Constitutional Bloc in 1934, and was Minister of Finance (1943-1945) before serving his two terms as Prime Minister. A month before his 57th birthday, Mr. Solh was gunned down at Marka Airport in Amman by three members of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party in retaliation for the 1949 execution of Anton Saadeh, one of the party's founding leaders. He was succeeded as Prime Minister by Hussein Al Oweini.

War
The U.S. Army reported that a 24-hour period ending at 5 P.M. was the first day since July 9, 1950 in which no American soldiers had been killed in Korea.

Diplomacy
New York Governor Thomas Dewey ended a three-day visit to Taiwan after conferring with Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek.

Politics and government
Dominican Republic President Rafael Trujillo Molina announced that he would not seek re-election the following year. His Dominican Party nominated his brother, General Hector Trujillo Molina, to succeed him.

Economics and finance
The Western Allies called off East-West Berlin trade negotiations until the Communists lifted restrictions against the shipment of goods from Berlin. The Allies transferred 31 Ruhr coal companies, producing 31% of the Ruhr's coal, to German control.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Exodus--Dúo Dinámico

#1 single in France (IFOP): Nous les amoureux--Jean-Claude Pascal (3rd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Tossin' and Turnin'--Bobby Lewis (2nd week at #1)
2 The Boll Weevil Song--Brook Benton
3 Quarter to Three--U.S. Bonds
4 Raindrops--Dee Clark
5 Yellow Bird--Arthur Lyman Group
6 Hats Off to Larry--Del Shannon
7 Every Beat of My Heart--The Pips
8 San Antonio Rose--Floyd Cramer
9 I Like it Like That (Part 1)--Chris Kenner
10 Dum Dum--Brenda Lee

Singles entering the chart were My Memories of You by Donnie and the Dreamers (#82); Nag by the Halos (#83); Too Many Rules by Connie Francis (#84); What a Sweet Thing That Was by the Shirelles (#87); Water Boy by the Don Shirley Trio (#93); Big River, Big Man by Claude King (#94); If by the Paragons (#95); Starlight, Starbright by Linda Scott (#96); My Claire de Lune by Steve Lawrence (#97); I Don't Want to Take a Chance by Mary Wells (#98); Drivin' Home by Duane Eddy and the Rebels (#99); and Now You Know by Little Willie John (#100).

On television today
John Chancellor began a 14-month run as host of Today on NBC, replacing the departed Dave Garroway. Mr. Chancellor later admitted that he hated the job and wanted out after the first day.

Died on this date
Ed Reulbach, 78. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Reulbach pitched for four major league teams from 1905-1917, with his best years coming with the Chicago Cubs, with whom he played from 1905-1913. Mr. Reulbach led the National League in winning percentage in three straight seasons from 1906-1908, compiling records of 19-4, 17-4, and 24-7, respectively. He was part of the rotation that helped the Cubs win the National League pennant in each of those seasons, and he won 1 game in each of the 1906 and 1907 World Series. The Cubs won the World Series in 1907 and 1908. Mr. Reulbach pitched for the Brooklyn Robins in 1913-1914, won 21 games with the Newark Pepper in the Federal League in 1915, and pitched for the Boston Braves in 1916-1917, finishing with a record of 182-106, a percentage of .632, with an earned run average of 2.28 in 399 games, batting .147 with 1 home run and 53 runs batted in in 401 games.

Ty Cobb, 74. U.S. baseball player. Often called the greatest player ever, the "Georgia Peach," a native of Narrows, Georgia, was an outfielder with the Detroit Tigers (1905-1926) and Philadelphia Athletics (1927-1928), batting .366 with 117 home runs and 1,938 runs batted in, with 892 stolen bases, in 3,034 games, leading the American League in batting percentage from 1907-1909; 1911; 1914; and 1916-1919. His .366 lifetime percentage remains the career record, and his 4,189 hits was the career record until it was broken by Pete Rose in 1985 (I respect the research conducted by The Sporting News in 1981 that found that Mr. Cobb had been erroneously credited with a 2-for-3 performance in 1910). Mr. Cobb also managed the Tigers (1921-1926), compiling a record of 479-444. His fiery style of play and competitive nature made him many enemies--among teammates as well as opponents--and his reported racial attitudes would be considered very politically incorrect today. Mr. Cobb was one of the first five inductees into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1936.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Gold defeated Blue 27-13 in the Winnipeg Blue Bombers' intrasquad game at Winnipeg Stadium.

Baseball
Major league baseball commissioner Ford Frick ruled that Babe Ruth's single-season home record of 60 would have to be broken within 154 games, or separate records would appear in the record book. The American League had adopted a 162-game schedule in 1961 after decades of playing 154-game seasons.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Rhodesia (Lyons Maid): Joy to the World--Three Dog Night

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Pensieri e parole--Lucio Battisti (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Chirpy Chirpy Cheep Cheep--Middle of the Road (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Chirpy Chirpy Cheep Cheep--Middle of the Road (5th week at #1)

Australia's Top 10 (Go-Set)
1 Eagle Rock--Daddy Cool (2nd week at #1)
2 Too Young to Be Married--The Hollies
3 Hot Love--T. Rex
4 It Don't Come Easy--Ringo Starr
5 Mozart: Symphony No. 40 In G Minor K.550 1° Movement (Allegro Molto)--Waldo de Los Rios
6 Joy to the World--Three Dog Night
7 Brown Sugar--The Rolling Stones
8 (Where Do I Begin) Love Story--Andy Williams
9 I Am...I Said--Neil Diamond
10 Toast and Marmalade for Tea--Tin Tin

Singles entering the chart were I'll Meet You Halfway by the Partridge Family (#41); When You're Hot, You're Hot by Jerry Reed (#46); A Certain Mr. Brown by Peter Hiscock (#52); and My Brother Jake by Free (#58).

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Zou Het Erg Zijn Lieve Opa--Wilma met Vader Abraham (2nd week at #1)
2 Manuela--Jacques Herb
3 Co Co--The Sweet
4 Che Sará--José Feliciano
5 My Darling Helena!--The Walkers
6 Double Barrel--Dave & Ansil Collins
7 Rumba Tamba--Martin Wulms and his Orchestra
8 Chicago--Graham Nash
9 Me and You and a Dog Named Boo--Lobo
10 Tweedle Dee Tweedle Dum--Middle of the Road

Singles entering the chart were Won't Get Fooled Again by the Who (#26); Tonight by George Baker Selection (#27); Never Ending Song of Love by Delaney & Bonnie & Friends (#31); When You are a King by White Plains (#32); Little Lady by Tee-Set (#33); Don't Pull Your Love by Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds (#36); Blame it on the Summer Sun by Daisy Bell (#37); and Lady of the Morning by Marvin, Welch & Farrar (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 It's Too Late/I Feel the Earth Move--Carole King (5th week at #1)
2 Indian Reservation (The Lament of the Cherokee Reservation Indian)--Raiders
3 You've Got a Friend--James Taylor
4 Don't Pull Your Love--Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds
5 Treat Her Like a Lady—Cornelius Brothers & Sister Rose
6 Mr. Big Stuff--Jean Knight
7 Rainy Days and Mondays—Carpenters
8 Draggin' the Line--Tommy James
9 How Can You Mend a Broken Heart--The Bee Gees
10 That's the Way I've Always Heard it Should Be--Carly Simon

Singles entering the chart were Sweet Hitch-Hiker by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#68); Mother Freedom by Bread (#75); Won't Get Fooled Again by the Who (#76); I Just Want to Celebrate by Rare Earth (#79); Indian Summer by Audience (#87); Ain't No Sunshine by Bill Withers (#88); Ride with Me by Steppenwolf (#90); I Ain't Got Time Anymore by the Glass Bottle (#94); Maggie May/Reason to Believe by Rod Stewart (#98); and Bright Lights, Big City by Sonny James (#100).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 It’s Too Late—Carole King (4th week at #1)
2 Indian Reservation (The Lament of the Cherokee Reservation Indian)--Raiders
3 Don't Pull Your Love--Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds
4 Mr. Big Stuff--Jean Knight
5 You've Got a Friend--James Taylor
6 Treat Her Like a Lady—Cornelius Brothers & Sister Rose
7 Draggin' the Line--Tommy James
8 She's Not Just Another Woman--8th Day
9 That's the Way I've Always Heard it Should Be--Carly Simon
10 When You're Hot, You're Hot--Jerry Reed

Singles entering the chart were Sweet Hitch-Hiker by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#57); Ride with Me by Steppenwolf (#68); It's Summer by the Temptations (#81); Fox Huntin' (On the Weekend) by Daddy Dewdrop (#90); You've Got to Earn It by the Staple Singers (#92); Come Back Home by Bobby Goldsboro (#93); Gonna Be Alright Now by Gayle McCormick (#95); How Did We Lose it Baby by Jerry Butler (#97); Maggie by Redbone (#98); and Black-Eyed Blues by Joe Cocker (#100). It's Summer was a re-recorded version of a song that had been released as the B-side of Ball of Confusion in 1970.

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Indian Reservation (The Lament of the Cherokee Reservation Indian)--Raiders
2 It’s Too Late—Carole King
3 Don't Pull Your Love--Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds
4 Treat Her Like a Lady—Cornelius Brothers & Sister Rose
5 You've Got a Friend--James Taylor
6 Mr. Big Stuff--Jean Knight
7 That's the Way I've Always Heard it Should Be--Carly Simon
8 She's Not Just Another Woman--8th Day
9 When You're Hot, You're Hot--Jerry Reed
10 Draggin' the Line--Tommy James

Singles entering the chart included Sweet Hitch-Hiker by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#70); I'm Leavin' by Elvis Presley (#71); What the World Needs Now/Abraham, Martin and John by Tom Clay (#79); Won't Get Fooled Again by the Who (#81); Mother Freedom by Bread (#86); I Been Moved by Andy Kim (#87); Ain't No Sunshine by Bill Withers (#91); Ride with Me by Steppenwolf (#92); It's the Real Thing by the Electric Express (#93); Maggie by Redbone (#94); Gonna Be Alright Now by Gayle McCormick (#95); Saturday Morning Confusion by Bobby Russell (#97); and When My Little Girl is Smiling by Steve Alaimo (#100).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 It’s Too Late—Carole King (2nd week at #1)
2 Indian Reservation (The Lament of the Cherokee Reservation Indian)--Raiders
3 Don't Pull Your Love--Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds
4 When You're Hot, You're Hot--Jerry Reed
5 Signs--Five Man Electrical Band
6 You've Got a Friend--James Taylor
7 Sweet City Woman--Stampeders
8 Where Evil Grows--The Poppy Family
9 Rainy Days and Mondays—Carpenters
10 Treat Her Like a Lady--Cornelius Brothers & Sister Rose

Singles entering the chart were Sweet Hitch-Hiker by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#47); Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology) by Marvin Gaye (#64); Won't Get Fooled Again by the Who (#67); I'm Leavin' by Elvis Presley (#69); Hill Where the Lord Hides by Chuck Mangione (#71); Ride with Me by Steppenwolf (#73); Vancouver Town '71 by Rolf Harris (#78); What the World Needs Now is Love/Abraham, Martin and John by Tom Clay (#85); Mother Freedom by Bread (#86); Rock and Roll Band by Brave Belt (#88); A Summer Prayer for Peace by the Archies (#94); Maybe Tomorrow by the Jackson 5 (#95); Love is Life by Earth, Wind & Fire (#96); Try a Little Harder by Doctor Music (#97); Stop, Look, Listen by the Stylistics (#98); Crazy Love by Helen Reddy (#99); and He's Gonna Step on You Again by John Kangos (#100).

Calgary's Top 10 (Glenn's Music
1 It's Too Late--Carole King
2 Never Ending Song of Love--Delaney & Bonnie & Friends
3 Sweet City Woman--Stampeders
4 I Love You Lady Dawn--The Bells
5 Don't Pull Your Love--Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds
6 Talking in Your Sleep--Gordon Lightfoot
7 It Don't Come Easy--Ringo Starr
8 Draggin' the Line--Tommy James
9 Deep Enough for Me--Ocean
10 Double Lovin'--The Osmonds
Pick hit of the week: Mighty Clouds of Joy--B. J. Thomas

Died on this date
Cliff Edwards, 76. U.S. musician and actor. Mr. Edwards, aka Ukulele Ike, was a popular recording artist in the 1920s and early '30s, helping to popularize the ukulele. He recorded versions of pop standards, with his biggest hit being Singin' in the Rain, which reached number 1 in the United States in 1929. Mr. Edwards was a voice actor for Walt Disney Studios, and was best known for playing Jiminy Cricket in Pinocchio (1940) and Fun and Fancy Free (1947). He was a heavy smoker, drunkard, drug addict, and gambler, and owed alimony to three ex-wives, which left him in poverty. Mr. Edwards died of a heart attack.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): J'Veux d'la Tendresse--Elton John (2nd week at #1)

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Bette Davis Eyes--Kim Carnes
2 More and More--Joe Dolan
3 Kids in America--Kim Wilde
4 Stand and Deliver--Adam & the Ants
5 Turn Me Loose--Loverboy
6 In the Air Tonight--Phil Collins
7 Nightmare--Peach
8 Angel of the Morning--Juice Newton
9 When I'm Gone--Albert Hammond
10 Do You Feel My Love--Eddy Grant

Singles entering the chart were Hey You by Hey You (#17); and How I Feel Inside by Roy Bulkin (#18).

At the movies
Arthur, written and directed by Steve Gordon, and starring Dudley Moore, Liza Minnelli, and John Gielgud, opened in theatres.



Canadiana
The British Columbia government named a 2,639-metre (8,658-foot) peak in the Rocky Mountains after Terry Fox, 19 days after he died at the age of 22 of cancer, which had interrupted his attempt to run across the country on an artificial leg to raise money to fight the disease.

Disasters
A structural failure led to the collapse of a walkway at the Hyatt Regency in Kansas City, Missouri, killing 114 people and injuring more than 200.



Football
CFL
Montreal (1-2) 31 @ Ottawa (1-2) 33
Hamilton (2-1) 6 @ Calgary (1-1) 26

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Senza una donna--Zucchero featuring Paul Young (5th week at #1)

Football
CFL
Ottawa (0-2) 33 @ Edmonton (2-0) 40

Henry "Gizmo" Williams of the Eskimos returned punts for 232 yards, breaking his own CFL single-game record, and returned one for a touchdown, but he should have had a second touchdown. He appeared to have scored on a long return, but he accidentally dropped the ball on the Ottawa 5-yard line, and the only people who seemed to notice were the officials and Rough Rider defensive back Sean Foudy, who returned the ball 74 yards as fans and other players at Commonwealth Stadium wondered what was going on. The winning touchdown scored on a pass from Tracy Ham to Jim Sandusky with 33 seconds remaining in regulation time.

25 years ago
1996

Died on this date
Chas Chandler, 57. U.K. musician. Mr. Chandler played bass guitar with the rock group the Animals in the mid-1960s, leaving the group in 1966 because the group's records and tours weren't generating enough revenue. He then became a talent scout, helping to propel Jimi Hendrix to prominence, and then managing the group Slade for 12 years. Mr. Chandler died of an aortic aneurysm.

Diplomacy
The Community of Portuguese Language Countries was founded, with headquarters in Lisbon.

Disasters
Trans World Airlines Flight 800, a Boeing 747 en route from New York to Paris, exploded off the coast of Long Island, killing all 230 on board. Conspiracy theories abound, especially since numerous eyewitnesses said they saw something that looked like a missile heading toward the plane from the ground.

Football
CFL
Ottawa (1-3) 4 @ Toronto (3-1) 34

Doug Flutie completed 23 of 36 passes for 316 yards and touchdown passes to Tyrone Williams and Paul Masotti, and rushed 8 times for 52 yards and a touchdown to lead the Argonauts over the Rough Riders before 17,288 fans at SkyDome.



Winnipeg (2-2) 27 @ Edmonton (2-2) 16

The Blue Bombers scored 10 points in the final 1 minute 21 seconds to clinch their victory over the Eskimos before 28,751 fans at Commonwealth Stadium. Edmonton quarterback Danny McManus completed 24 of 48 passes for 297 yards, including a 15-yard touchdown to Shalon Baker. Frank Jagas converted Mr. Baker's TD and added 3 field goals.

20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Katharine Graham, 84. U.S. journalist. Mrs. Graham became the first female publisher of a major American newspaper when she took over The Washington Post after the death of her husband Philip in 1963. Mrs. Graham operated the paper as publisher and/or chairwoman of the board until 1991. Mrs. Graham's memoir Personal History (1997) won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography. She died three days after falling and hitting her head while visiting Sun Valley, Idaho.

Politics and government
Canadian Alliance leader Stockwell Day announced that he would step down, three months before the holding of an Alliance leadership convention, due to infighting in the party.

Transportation
The Concorde was brought back into service, nearly a year after the July 2000 crash of Air France Flight 4590.

Business
Mining firms Teck Corporation and COMINCO merged in Vancouver, British Columbia.

10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
David Ngoombujarra, 44. Australian actor. Mr. Ngoombujarra, born David Starr, was an aboriginal actor who won three Australian Film Institute Awards (1993-2007) for his supporting performances in film and television. He fell into crime and drinking, which likely contributed to his death, when he was found in a park in Freemantle.