February 7, 2015

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Sherri Pierce!

220 years ago
1795

Law
The 11th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified. It reads:

The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.

140 years ago
1875

Born on this date
Erkki Melartin. Finnish composer and conductor. Mr. Melartin, whose birthday is also said to have been on February 2, 1875, wrote chamber, piano, and vocal works, but was best known for his nine symphonies and the Juhlamarssi (Festive March) from his ballet Sleeping Beauty (1904/1911), which is the most popular wedding march in Finland. He conducted the Vyborg Orchestra from 1908-1911, touring as far as India and North Africa. Mr. Melartin suffered from chronic health problems, and died on February 14, 1937, a week after his 62nd birthday.

120 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Anita Stewart. U.S. actress. Miss Stewart starred in movies in the 1910s and '20s, including A Tale of Two Cities (1911). She produced seven of her own films in 1918-1919. Miss Stewart died of a heart attack on May 4, 1961 at the age of 66.

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
Eddie Bracken. U.S. actor. Mr. Bracken had a successful career on stage, screen, and television, but was probably best known for his starring roles in the movies The Miracle of Morgan's Creek (1944) and Hail the Conquering Hero (1944). He died on November 14, 2002 at the age of 87.

90 years ago
1925

Transportation
The Orient Steam Navigation Company liner SS Oronsay embarked on her maiden voyage from London to Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane.

75 years ago
1940

At the movies
Pinocchio, an animated feature produced by Walt Disney, received its premiere screening at the Center Theater in New York City.

War
South African Prime Minister Jan Smuts reported widespread support for Germany in the Union of South Africa and South-West Africa among Germans and people of German extraction.

Defense
The Japanese government announced that it was considering abrogation of the 1922 Nine Power Naval Pact.

The Hague announced plans to build three battle cruisers and modernize the harbour at Surabaya, Java for the defense of the NEI.

Diplomacy
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed three new ambassadors: George Earle to Bulgaria; David Gray to Ireland; and Louis Dreyfus to Afghanistan.

Politics and government
U.S. Vice President John Nance "Cactus Jack" Garner was reported to be considering entering the Illinois Democratic Party primary for President of the United States in the 1940 election in an effort to "smoke out" President Franklin D. Roosevelt on the issue of whether he would run for an unprecedented third term as President. Mr. Roosevelt's name was on the ballot.

The U.S. House of Representatives Rules Committee approved the Walter-Logan bill to limit the power of federal boards and agencies.

Society
A subsidiary of the United States Senate Judiciary Committee conducting hearings on the Gavagan anti-lynching bill was disrupted at its opening session by spectators.

Medicine
Doctors Sidney Levinson, Frank Neuwelt, and Heinrich Nicholes announced that blood serum, the colourless liquid part of blood, could be used as the basis of a blood substitute.

70 years ago
1945

At the movies
Hangover Square, starring Laird Cregar, Linda Darnell, and George Sanders, opened in theatres.



Diplomacy
The Yalta Conference of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, U.K. Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and U.S.S.R. dictator Josef Stalin became public knowledge upon the issuance of a statement by the British Ministry of Information. The conference had begun three days earlier.

War
The Paraguayan Council of State approved a declaration of war against the Axis. Four U.S. Divisions crossed the German frontier opposite Luxembourg at 10 places, bridging the Our and Saur Rivers. Russian troops extended their hold on the east bank of the Oder River, capturing Zaeckerick, 31 miles from Berlin. U.S. forces in the Philippines closed in on downtown Manila. Much of the old city, dating from the Spanish colonial period, was destroyed by American artillery fire and Japanese demolitions.

Politics and government
Belgian Prime Minister Hubert Pierlot and his cabinet resigned in anticipation of an unfavourable vote in parliament. Mr. Pierlot, leader of the Catholic party, had led the government-in-exile in London from 1940-1944, returning to Belgium after the country's liberation from Nazi occupation.

Labour
The American Federation of Labor--affiliated American Federation of Musicians notified the four radio networks that the National Music Camp at Interlochen, Michigan had been placed on its "unfair list," which barred musicians there from commercial unemployment.

Scandal
The New York Stock Exchange and Philadelphia Stock Exchange announced that they would report daily sales in round numbers in an effort to deprive numbers game operators of the basis for their gambling activities.

60 years ago
1955

On television tonight
Sherlock Holmes, starring Ronald Howard and H. Marion Crawford
Tonight's episode: The Case of the Laughing Mummy



40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: I Can Help--Billy Swan

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Griechischer Wein--Udo Jürgens

#1 single in Switzerland: I Can Help--Billy Swan (2nd week at #1)

Ottawa's Top 30 (CFGO)
1 Mandy--Barry Manilow (2nd week at #1)
2 Doctor's Orders--Carol Douglas
3 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
4 Bungle in the Jungle--Jethro Tull
5 Never Can Say Goodbye--Gloria Gaynor
6 Get Dancin'--Disco Tex and the Sex-O-Lettes
7 Changes--David Bowie
8 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
9 Morning Side of the Mountain--Donny and Marie Osmond
10 Dancin' Fool--The Guess Who
11 Best of My Love--The Eagles
12 I Wouldn't Want to Lose Your Love--April Wine
13 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
14 You're the First, the Last, My Everything--Barry White
15 Pick Up the Pieces--AWB
16 Kung Fu Fighting--Carl Douglas
17 Ramona--Stampeders
18 Angie Baby--Helen Reddy
19 Black Water--The Doobie Brothers
20 Some Kind of Wonderful--Grand Funk
21 You're No Good--Linda Ronstadt
22 You Beat Me to the Punch--Charity Brown
23 Have You Never Been Mellow--Olivia Newton-John
24 Lady Marmalade--LaBelle
25 Lonely People--America
26 Up in a Puff of Smoke--Polly Brown
27 #9 Dream--John Lennon
28 Sweet Surrender--John Denver
29 Roll on Down the Highway--Bachman-Turner Overdrive
30 Tell Your Mother--Downchild Blues Band

Died on this date
Felicia Sanders, 53 (?). U.S. singer. Miss Sanders, born Felicia Schwartz, sang the vocal for The Song from Moulin Rouge with Percy Faith and his Orchestra, one of the biggest hit singles of 1953. Her only other notable hit was Blue Star (The "Medic" Theme) in 1955. Miss Sanders died of cancer.

Economics and finance
The four-day meeting in Moscow between representatives of the European Economic Community and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) failed to reach agreement.

The United States Labor Department reported that the unemployment rate had reached 8.2% in January, the highest rate in 33 years.

Oil
The International Energy Agency, a group of 18 oil-consuming nations, concluded a three-day conference by setting a temporary goal of reducing 1975 oil imports by 10%.

Canadian Energy Minister Donald Macdonald announced an energy-conservation program that included a 55-mile (88.5-kilometre)-per-hour speed limit.

30 years ago
1985

Died on this date
Matt Monro, 54. U.K. singer. Mr. Monro, born Terence Parsons, was a bus driver who made several records before landing a contract with the Parlophone label in 1960 and began a career that made him one of Britain's most popular crooners in the 1960s, with hits such as Portrait of My Love; My Kind of Girl; Softly as I Leave You; From Russia with Love; Walk Away; and Born Free. He also achieved popularity in South America, and recorded songs in Spanish for that market. Mr. Monro died of liver cancer.

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Jimmy Dean--Troll

Died on this date
Alfredo M. Santos, 84. Filipino military officer. General Santos joined the Philippine Army in 1936, and served in several key battles of World War II, led campaigns against Communist insurgents, and was named the first chief of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization's Military Planning Office in 1957. He became the first four-star general of the Philippines Armed Forces, and was Chief of Staff of the Philippines Armed Forces from 1962-1965.

Alan Perlis, 67. U.S. computer scientist. Dr. Perlis helped to develop the programming language ALGOL, and was awarded the first Turing Award in 1966 "for his influence in the area of advanced programming techniques and compiler construction."

Politics and government
The Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party endorsed President Mikhail Gorbachev’s proposal to change the constitution and end the party’s monopoly on political power in the U.S.S.R.

Former Prime Minister John Turner resigned as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, to be replaced on an interim basis by Herb Gray. Mr. Turner had won the party leadership and taken office as Prime Minister upon the retirement of Pierre Trudeau in June 1984, but had lasted just 69 days in office, as the Liberals were defeated in the federal election. Mr. Turner continued as Leader of the Opposition until his resignation as party leader.

Economics and finance
The United States Congress approved $42 million in emergency aid to Panama and lifted economic sanctions against Panama.

Law
Donald Marshall, a Micmac Indian who had served 11 years in prison for a murder he did not commit, received an apology from the government of Nova Scotia. Provincial Attorney General Tom McInnis told a news conference that he agreed with a royal commission’s conclusion that the justice system had failed Mr. Marshall, and that part of the reason for the failure was that Mr. Marshall was an Indian. Mr. McInnis also said that the provincial government would introduce many of the commission’s recommendations, including the establishment of a cabinet committee on race relations; the scheduling of provincial court sessions on Indian reserves; and the establishment of a native criminal court as a pilot project. It was also announced that there would be a further judicial inquiry into the conduct of five Court of Appeal judges who concluded in 1983 that , although he was innocent, Mr. Marshall had been partly to blame for his conviction.

Hockey
NHL
New York Rangers 5 Edmonton 2

20 years ago
1995

Terrorism
Ramzi Yousef, the mastermind of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, was arrested in Islamabad, Pakistan. The explosion had killed 6 people and injured more than 1,000. Authorities believed that Mr. Yousef had flown to New York in September 1992 and then assembled the group of men who helped him plan the bombing. He had then flown from New York to Pakistan hours after the explosion.

Labour
U.S. President Bill Clinton invited representatives of major league baseball club owners and major league players to come to the White House in Washington and make a final effort to reach an agreement. The principal issue was the owners' desire to impose a cap on players' salaries. The players had gone on strike after the games of August 11, 1994, ending the season prematurely. After the White House meeting, Mr. Clinton said that his efforts had not been successful.

Basketball
NBA
Milwaukee 95 New York 87

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Atli Dam, 72. Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands, 1970-1981; 1985-1989; 1991-1993. Mr. Dam, the son of former Prime Minister Peter Mohr Dam, was the leader of the Social Democratic Party.

Bob Turner, 71. Canadian hockey player. Mr. Turner was a defenceman with the Montreal Canadiens (1955-1961) and Chicago Black Hawks (1961-1963), scoring 19 goals and 51 assists in 478 regular season games and 1 goal and 4 assists in 68 playoff games. He was a member of Stanley Cup championship teams in each of his first five seasons. Mr. Turner died a week after his 71st birthday.

Adventure
Ellen MacArthur of Great Britain completed a 27,000-mile around-the-word solo sailing voyage in the record time of 71 days and less than 15 hours. The previous record of 72 days, 22 hours, 54 mins and 22 seconds had been set by Francis Joyon.

February 6, 2015

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Bob Powless and Brian Poluk!

800 years ago
1215

Died on this date
Hōjō Tokimasa, 76. Hōjō Shikken (Regent) of Japan, 1199-1205. Hōjō Tokimasa was the first Hōjō shikken (regent) of the Kamakura bakufu (shogunate). He abdicated in 1205 and retired to a Buddhist monastery.

350 years ago
1665

Born on this date
Anne. Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, 1702-1714. Anne, the daughter of King James II, succeeded her cousin, William III, upon his death. The major events of her reign included the union of England and Scotland in 1707. Queen Anne was the last British sovereign to preside over a meeting of the Privy Council, and the last to refuse royal asset to a bill passed by Parliament. She died on August 1, 1714 at the age of 49 after many years of failing health, leaving no surviving children, and was succeeded on the throne by King George I, Elector of Hanover, the nearest Protestant heir.

320 years ago
1695

Died on this date
Ahmed II, 52. Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, 1691-1695. Ahmed II, a son of Sultan Ibrahim, succeeded his older brother Suleiman II on the throne, after being imprisoned for nearly 43 years during the reigns of his brothers. He implemented tax reforms, but after Grand Vizier Köprülüzade Fazıl Mustafa Pasha, upon whom he had greatly relied, was killed in battle in 1691, the Ottoman Empire suffered a string of military defeats against Habsburg forces. Sultan Ahmed II died 25 days after the surrender of the fortress of Gyula, which had been the centre of an Ottoman sanjak (subprovince) in what is now Hungary since 1566. Ahmed II was succeeded by his younger brother Mustafa II.

275 years ago
1740

Died on this date
Clement XII, 87. Roman Catholic Pope, 1730-1740. Clement XII, born Lorenzo Corsini, was a lawyer before entering the clergy. He was Archbishop of Nicomedia, nuncio to Vienna, and papal treasurer before succeeding Benedict XIII as pope. Pope Clement XII presided over a surplus in papal finances, oversaw building projects, and issued the first public papal condemnation of Freemasonry. He died of complications from gout, and was succeeded by Benedict XIV.

200 years ago
1815

Transportation
The first railroad charter in the United States was given to John Stevens and others for the New Jersey Railroad.

175 years ago
1840

Diplomacy
The Treaty of Waitangi was signed between representatives of the British Crown and various Māori chiefs from the North Island of New Zealand, establishing a British Governor of New Zealand, recognizing Māori ownership of their lands and other properties, and giving the Māori the rights of British subjects.

170 years ago
1845

Born on this date
Isidor Straus. Bavarian-born U.S. businessman and politician. Mr. Straus moved to the United States with his family in 1854, living in Georgia before moving to New York City after the Civil War. He opened a crockery department in the basement of Macy's department store, and he and his brother Nathan gained full ownership of R.H. Macy & Co. by 1896. Isidor Straus was a Democrat who represented New York's 15th District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1894-1895), but declined U.S. President Grover Cleveland's offer of the position of Postmaster General. Mr. Straus was 67 when he and his wife Ida travelled on the maiden voyage of RMS Titanic; he refused to board a lifeboat while the ship was sinking, and Mrs. Straus refused to leave him. They died when the Titanic sank at 2:20 A.M. on April 15, 1912.

160 years ago
1855

Died on this date
Josef Munzinger, 63. Swiss politician. Mr. Munzinger was one of the first seven councillors elected to the Swiss Federal Council in 1848. He was President of the Confederation in 1851.

120 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Babe Ruth. U.S. baseball player. George Herman Ruth began his major league career with the Boston Red Sox (1914-1919) as a pitcher before moving to the outfield, where he became the most famous player in baseball history, especially after joining the New York Yankees. He played with the Yankees from 1920-1934 and the Boston Braves in 1935, with more hitting records than can be mentioned here. Less well known are his pitching achievements, which included leading the American League in winning percentage (.750) in 1915; in shutouts (9) and earned run average (1.75) in 1916; and setting a record for consecutive scoreless innings in World Series competition that stood for 45 years. The Sultan of Swat died of cancer on August 16, 1948 at the age of 53.

Bob La Follette, Jr.. U.S. politician. Mr. La Follette, the son of prominent politician Bob La Follette, Sr., represented Wisconsin in the United States Senate from 1925-1947. He was first elected as a Republican to fill the vacancy caused by the death of his father, and supported the cause of organized labour. Mr. La Follette and his brother Philip formed the Wisconsin Progressive Party in 1934, and he won re-election as a Progressive in 1934 and 1940. He was one of the Senate's leading isolationists, and helped found the America First Committee in 1940. When the Wisconsin Progressive Party dissolved, Mr. La Follette returned to the Republican Party, but was narrowly defeated in his state's Senate primary that year by Joseph McCarthy, who went on to win election to the Senate. He then warned of Communist infiltration into the U.S. government, and acted as an economic consultant to large corporations. Mr. La Follette committed suicide by shooting himself on February 24, 1953, 18 days after his 58th birthday. Some believed that he feared exposure by Sen. McCarthy's Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations regarding Communists who had served on Sen. La Follette's subcommittee staff, while others believed that his suicide was the result of anxiety and depression that had long plagued him.

80 years ago
1935

Popular culture
The Parker Brothers board game Monopoly® went on sale for the first time.

75 years ago
1940

War
The Allied War Council met in Paris to discuss a French offer to aid Finland in her war against the U.S.S.R. Japanese spokesmen claimed penetration of the province of Ningsia in northwestern China.

Diplomacy
Delegates from 10 League of Nations members met in The Hague to establish a committee for the study of economic and social problems.

British envoy Sir Stafford Cripps left Chungking for Sinkiang on his inspection tour of the Chinese war zone.

70 years ago
1945

War
U.S. forces in Germany reached to within less than 3 miles of the largest of five dams controlling the level of the Roer River. Russian troops in Germany broke across the Oder River an established a 50-mile-long bridgehead on the western bank. Japanese forces in China took the abandoned U.S. air base sites at Namyung in the province of Kwangtung and Kanhsien in the province of Kiangsi.

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): The Wedding--Julie Rogers

#1 single in France: Sacré Charlemagne--France Gall (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Non son degno di te--Gianni Morandi (8th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Das ist die Frage aller Fragen--Cliff Richard (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): The French Song (Quand le soleil dit bonjour aux montagnes)--Lucille Starr

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers
2 Downtown--Petula Clark
3 The Name Game--Shirley Ellis
4 This Diamond Ring--Gary Lewis and the Playboys
5 Love Potion No. 9--The Searchers
6 Hold What You've Got--Joe Tex
7 All Day and All of the Night--The Kinks
8 Keep Searchin' (We'll Follow the Sun)--Del Shannon
9 Shake--Sam Cooke
10 My Girl--The Temptations

Singles entering the chart were Ferry Cross the Mersey by Gerry & the Pacemakers (#69); Hurt So Bad by Little Anthony and the Imperials (#71); Can't You Hear My Heartbeat by Herman's Hermits (#77); Jerk and Twine by Jackie Ross (#78); Ask the Lonely by the Four Tops (#80); He was Really Sayin' Somethin' by the Velvelettes (#85); Don't Mess Up a Good Thing by Fontella Bass and Bobby McClure (#87); Like a Child by Julie Rogers (#89); Orange Blossom Special by Johnny Cash (#92); The Man by Lorne Greene (#97); It's Gotta Last Forever by Billy J. Kramer with the Dakotas (#98); and Don't Come Running Back to Me by Nancy Wilson (#100). The version of Goldfinger by John Barry and his Orchestra was mentioned with the version by Shirley Bassey (charting at #40), but was not charted.

Vancouver's Top 50 (CFUN)
1 Downtown--Petula Clark (2nd week at #1)
2 The Name Game--Shirley Ellis
3 The "In" Crowd--Dobie Gray
4 You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers
5 Laugh, Laugh--The Beau Brummels
6 All Day and All of the Night--The Kinks
7 Give Him a Great Big Kiss--The Shangri-Las
8 Heart of Stone--The Rolling Stones
9 This Diamond Ring--Gary Lewis and the Playboys
10 Let's Lock the Door (And Throw Away the Key)--Jay and the Americans
11 Break Away (From That Boy)--The Newbeats
12 Shakin' All Over--Chad Allan and the Expressions (Guess Who?)
13 Boom Boom--The Animals
14 Tell Her No--The Zombies
15 Love Potion No. 9--The Searchers
16 I Go to Pieces--Peter and Gordon
17 Bye, Bye Baby (Baby Goodbye)--The 4 Seasons
18 I Feel Fine/She's a Woman--The Beatles
19 I'll Be There--Gerry and the Pacemakers
20 Somewhere--P.J. Proby
21 What Have They Done to the Rain--The Searchers
22 Say it Again--Terry Black
23 Come On Do the Jerk--The Miracles
24 It's Alright--Adam Faith
25 No Arms Can Ever Hold You--The Bachelors
26 That Weepin' Willow Tree--Ray Griff
27 Wild One--Martha and the Vandellas
28 Ferry Cross the Mersey--Gerry & the Pacemakers
29 It's About Time--Bobby Curtola
30 Hold What You've Got--Joe Tex
31 The Crying Game/Thanks a Lot--Brenda Lee
32 The Jolly Green Giant--The Kingsmen
33 Shake/A Change is Gonna Come--Sam Cooke
34 Come See About Me--The Supremes
35 Look of Love--Lesley Gore
36 Goodnight--Roy Orbison
37 My Girl--The Temptations
38 It's Gotta Last Forever--Billy J. Kramer with the Dakotas
39 Cupid--Johnny Rivers
40 Goldfinger--Shirley Bassey
41 Cry Tomorrow--Tom Northcott
42 Somewhere in Your Heart--Frank Sinatra
43 Red Roses for a Blue Lady--Bert Kaempfert and his Orchestra
44 Like a Child--Julie Rogers
45 Lemon Tree--Trini Lopez
46 Willow Weep for Me--Chad & Jeremy
47 The Birds and the Bees--Jewel Akens
48 King of the Road--Roger Miller
49 You'll Always Be the One I Love/You're Nobody Till Somebody Loves You--Dean Martin
50 Apache '65--The Arrows
Pick hits of the week: 1 Yeh, Yeh--Georgie Fame and the Blue Flames
2 Can't You Hear My Heartbeat--Herman's Hermits

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): January--Pilot

War
Six days of civil war between Ethiopian government troops and rebels in the province of Eritrea had produced 1,200 deaths in the city of Asmara.

Politics and government
A by-election for Sri Lanka's National State Assembly in the Kankesanthurai Electoral District was won by Tamil United Front candidate S.J.V. Chelvanayakam over Communist Party candidate V. Ponnampalam, with Mr. Chelvanayakam, who had resigned his seat in 1972 in protest over Sri Lanka's new Constitution, taking more than 72% of the vote. The result emboldened the Tamil movement.

Economics and finance
The Alberta government of Premier Peter Lougheed cut personal income tax by 28%, making Albertans the lowest-taxed Canadians.

30 years ago
1985

Died on this date
James Hadley Chase, 78. U.K.-born Swiss author. Mr. Chase, born René Raymond, wrote 90 novels under several pseudonyms. 50 of his novels were made into movies. Mr. Chase's novels included No Orchids for Miss Blandish (1939) and Twelve Chinks and a Woman (1941).

Kevin Lapa, 24. Canadian football player. Mr. Lapa, a native of Kamloops, British Columbia, played linebacker at Weber State University and was chosen by the B.C. Lions of the Canadian Football League in the second round of the 1983 CFL college draft. After returning to Weber State for one more year, he reported to the Lions, where he played defensive end, wearing #70. He saw some action in pre-season games, but cancer was discovered in his mouth during the pre-season. he underwent surgery and spent the entire 1984 season on the Lions’ disabled list, although he was able to practice with the team on occasion. Mr. Lapa succumbed to the cancer in Kamloops.

25 years ago
1990

On television tonight
The Wonder Years, on ABC
Tonight’s episode: She, My Friend and I

Died on this date
Jimmy Van Heusen, 77. U.S. songwriter. Mr. Van Heusen, born Edward Babcock, was kwown for writing the music to Sammy Cahn's lyrics for songs in musical shows and movies. He was nominated for 14 Academy Awards, and won four times for Best Original Song: Swinging on a Star (Going My Way) (1944); All the Way (The Joker is Wild) (1957); High Hopes (A Hole in the Head) (1959); and Call Me Irresponsible (Papa's Delicate Condition) (1963). He also won an Emmy Award with Mr. Cahn for the song Love and Marriage, written for the Producers' Showcase presentation of Our Town.

Politics and government
Soviet Premier Nikolai Ryzhkov, responding to calls for a multiparty political system, said that a multiparty system, in effect, already existed. Hard-liners on the Communist Party Central Committee warned that any moves toward a multiparty system or free enterprise could lead to the disintegration of the Soviet Union.

Business
A Canadian federal competition tribunal approved the $5-billion Imperial Oil takeover of Texaco Canada.

Hockey
NHL
New Jersey 2 Edmonton 2

Brett Hull of the Dallas Stars became the first son of a 50-goal scorer to score 50 goals in a season himself. Brett scored his 50th goal of the season at Chicago Stadium against the Blackhawks, the team with which Mr. Hull's father Bobby had posted five 50-goal seasons.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy: All I Need is Love--Indiana (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Zombie--Ororo (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Cotton Eye Joe--Rednex (18th week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Zombie--The Cranberries

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Insensitive--Jann Arden (2nd week at #1)
2 On Bended Knee--Boyz II Men
3 Bang and Blame--R.E.M.
4 Take a Bow--Madonna
5 You Don't Know How it Feels--Tom Petty
6 The Sweetest Days--Vanessa Williams
7 When I Come Around--Green Day
8 You Wreck Me--Tom Petty
9 Strong Enough--Sheryl Crow
10 Buddy Holly--Weezer

Singles entering the chart were You Lose You Gain by John Bottomley (#69); Cotton Eye Joe by Rednex (#71); Little Bitty Pretty One by Huey Lewis (#84); Kiss from a Rose by Seal (#85); Have a Little Faith by Joe Cocker (#86); I Know by Dionne Farris (#87); I Belong to You by Toni Braxton (#88); Far Out by Cinger (#90); Always and Forever by Luther Vandross (#91); Prime of Life by Neil Young (#92); Look What Love Has Done by Patty Smyth (#95); and High Head Blues by the Black Crowes (#96).

Terrorism
Siddig Ibrahim Siddig Ali, one of 12 men accused in the plot to bomb he United Nations building in New York and kill political leaders, changed his plea to guilty and said that fellow defendant Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman had played a principal role in the conspiracy. Mr. Siddig Ali told the court that in addition to the UN, the conspirators planned to bomb a Federal Bureau of Investigation office, a bridge, and two tunnels. Mr. Siddig Ali said that he had been Sheik Abdel Rahman's bodyguard and translator.

Politics and government
The United States House of Representatives voted 294-134 in favour of a bill giving the President a line-item veto--the authority to reject individual spending items in legislation before signing the overall bill. Under the House bill, a presidential rejection of a specific spending item would hold unless both houses of Congress overturned his veto within 20 days by two-thirds majorities. The line-item veto was available to governors of 43 states, and had been endorsed in 1994 by most Republican Party candidates in the congressional elections.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Bill Clinton submitted to Congress his budget for the fiscal year of 1996. As he had promised previously, the budget contained tax breaks for the middle class, and spending cuts totalling $144 billion over five years. The budget put spending at $1.61 trillion and projected continuing annual deficits of close to $200 billion through 2005.

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 7 San Jose 3

10 years ago
2005

Politics and government
Tony Blair, who had taken office as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1997, marked his 2,838th day in office, becoming the Labour Party's longest-serving Prime Minister. The previous record was held by Harold Wilson, Prime Minister from 1964-1970 and 1974-1977. Britain's longest-serving Prime Minister was Sir Robert Walpole, who governed for 20 years and 314 days from 1721-1742.

Football
NFL
Super Bowl XXXIX @ Alltel Stadium, Jacksonville
New England 24 Philadelphia 21

Corey Dillon rushed 2 yards for a touchdown, and Adam Vinatieri converted and added a 22-yard field goal as the Patriots scored 10 points in the 4th quarter to break a 14-14 tie and held on to defeat the Eagles before 78,125 fans to win the Super Bowl for the second straight year. Philadelphia quarterback Donovan McNabb completed a 30-yard touchdown pass to Greg Lewis with 1:48 remaining in regulation time and David Akers converted, but the Eagles were unable to complete the comeback.

February 5, 2015

130 years ago
1885

World events
King Leopold II of Belgium established the Congo as his personal possession.

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
Robert Hofstadter. U.S. physicist. Dr. Hofstadter was awarded a share of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons." He died on November 17, 1990 at the age of 75.

Died on this date
Ross Barnes, 64. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Barnes was a second baseman and shortstop with the Boston Red Stockings of the National Association from 1871-1875, batting .379 in 266 games. When the National League began play in 1876, Mr. Barnes was with the Chicago White Stockings, and he led the league in batting (.429); slugging (.590); runs (126); hits (138); doubles (21); triples (14); and bases on balls (20). Mr. Barnes was a master at bunting the ball so that it bounced in fair territory before reaching third base and then rolled foul, and made many infield hits in that manner. After the 1876 season, the rule was changed so that such a play was a foul ball. The rule change, combined with an illness that robbed Mr. Barnes of his strength and agility, combined to limit his playing time and effectiveness in later years. He played just 22 games in 1877. He played with Tecumseh of the International Association in 1878, then returned to the NL with the Cincinnati Reds in 1879. After sitting out 1880, Mr. Barnes finished his career back with the Red Stockings in 1881. In 234 National League games, Mr. Barnes batted .319 with 2 home runs and 111 runs batted in.

75 years ago
1940

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on NBC
Tonight’s episode: The Abbey Grange

War
The Allied Supreme War Council secretly agreed to prepare to occupy the Norwegian city of Narvik and to recruit an expeditionary force of "volunteers" to assist Finland in her war against the U.S.S.R. The Japanese Foreign Office said that Japanese planes would continue to bomb the Haiphong-Hunan railroad in China because of military necessity.

Diplomacy
The U.S.A. and Saudi Arabia established diplomatic relations.

Politics and government
At a press conference in Hyde Park, New York, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt refused to answer questions regarding whether he would seek a third term in office in the November 1940 election.

The American Youth Congress refused to oust alleged Communists from its organization.

Economics and finance
Financial experts of the Western Hemisphere, meeting in Washington, agreed upon the establishment of an Inter-American Bank to stimulate trade within the Americas.

Labour
The International Labour Organization declared the U.S.S.R.'s permanent seat vacant and nominated the Netherlands as the successor.

70 years ago
1945

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Don't Fence Me In--Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters (6th week at #1)
--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
--Kate Smith
--Horace Heidt and his Musical Knights
2 Ac-Cent-Tchu-Ate the Positive--Johnny Mercer and the Pied Pipers with Paul Weston and His Orchestra
--Artie Shaw and his Orchestra
--Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters
3 Rum and Coca-Cola--The Andrews Sisters
4 I'm Making Believe--The Ink Spots and Ella Fitzgerald
5 There Goes that Song Again--Russ Morgan and his Orchestra
--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
6 I Dream of You (More than You Dream I Do)--Tommy Dorsey and his Orchestra
--Andy Russell
--Frank Sinatra
--Perry Como
7 Saturday Night (Is the Loneliest Night in the Week)--Frank Sinatra
--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
8 The Trolley Song--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra
--The Pied Pipers
--Judy Garland
9 Confessin' (That I Love You)--Ella Fitzgerald and the Song Spinners
--Perry Como
10 I'm Beginning to See the Light--Harry James and his Orchestra
--Duke Ellington and his Famous Orchestra

Singles entering the chart were Kay Kyser and his Orchestra's version of There Goes that Song Again; Saturday Night (Is the Loneliest Night in the Week); I Didn't Know About You, with versions by Woody Herman and his Orchestra and Count Basie and his Famous Orchestra (#18); Strange Music, with versions by Freddy Martin and his Orchestra and Fred Waring and his Concert Vochestra (#25); Let's Take the Long Way Home by Jo Stafford (#29); and Like Someone in Love by Bing Crosby (#39). Let's Take the Long Way Home was the B-side of I Promise You, charting at #27.

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on MBS
Tonight's episode: The Dead Adventuress

Died on this (?) date
Violette Szabo, 23. French-born U.K. spy. Mrs. Szabo, the daughter of a British Army driver and French dressmaker, married French Foreign Legion officer Étienne Szabo in 1940. After he was killed in combat in the Second Battle of El Alamein in 1942, she trained as a field agent with the Special Operations Executive (SOE). Mrs. Szabo was sent to France as part of a mission with a team in June 1944, just after D-Day, but was captured and tortured by the SS, and eventually interned at Ravensbrück concentration camp in August 1944. She was treated harshly, and finally executed with a bullet in the back of the head on or before February 5, 1945. Mrs. Szabo was posthumously awarded the George Cross in 1946.

War
French leader General Charles de Gaulle listed minimum French terms for peace in Europe and served notice that France would not be bound by any U.S.-U.K.-U.S.S.R. decisions until she was treated as an equal partner. U.S. forces in Germany took the important communications centre of Brandscheid on the Siegfried Line. White Russian troops lined up along the Oder River on a 75-mile front, pushing to within 33 miles of Berlin with the capture of Zellin. The first concentrted Allied offensive against German forces in Italy in more than three months opened 10 miles south of Bologna. U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur returned to Manila, keeping the promise he had made when U.S. forces had been forced out of the Philippines by Japanese invaders in March 1942.

Politics and government
The Georgia state Senate passed a bill restoring permanent registration of voters, completing legislative action on the repeal of the Georgia poll tax law.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Supreme Court denied the right of the U.S. Treasury Department to order that only an "official" rate be used in converting British pounds into dollars for customs duty purposes.

60 years ago
1955

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Hold My Hand--Don Cornell; Nat "King" Cole (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Mambo Italiano--Rosemary Clooney (3rd week at #1)

#1 singles in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Hearts of Stone--The Fontane Sisters (Best Seller--1st week at #1); Let Me Go Lover--Joan Weber (Disc Jockey--4th week at #1; Jukebox--4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Melody of Love--Billy Vaughn and his Orchestra
--David Carroll and his Orchestra
--The Four Aces
2 Hearts of Stone--The Fontane Sisters
--The Charms
3 Mr. Sandman--The Chordettes
--The Four Aces
4 Let Me Go Lover--Joan Weber
--[Teresa Brewer with the Lancers]
5 The Naughty Lady of Shady Lane--The Ames Brothers
--Archie Bleyer
6 Sincerely--The McGuire Sisters
7 (My Baby Don’t Love Me) No More--The DeJohn Sisters
--[The McGuire Sisters]
8 Ko Ko Mo (I Love You So)--Perry Como
--The Crew-Cuts
9 Earth Angel (Will You Be Mine)--The Penguins
--The Crew-Cuts
10 That's All I Want from You--Jaye P. Morgan

Singles entering the chart were The Crazy Otto by Johnny Maddox and the Rhythmasters (#14); Everlovin' by Patti Page (#21); How Important Can it Be? by Joni James (#31); Plantation Boogie by Lenny Dee (#33); A Rusty Old Halo by Mahalia Jackson and the Falls-Jones Ensemble (#34); You'll Always Be My Lifetime Sweetheart by Perry Como (#37); The Elephants Tango by the Commanders with Eddie Grady (#41); Malaguena by Caterina Valente (#42); and The Finger of Suspicion by Dickie Valentine with the Stargazers (#45). You'll Always Be My Lifetime Sweetheart was the B-side of Ko Ko Mo (I Love You So).

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 This Diamond Ring--Gary Lewis and the Playboys (2nd week at #1)
2 Love Potion No. 9--The Searchers
3 Look of Love--Lesley Gore
4 Paper Tiger--Sue Thompson
5 Downtown--Petula Clark
6 I Go to Pieces--Peter and Gordon
7 The Name Game--Shirley Ellis
8 Keep Searchin' (We'll Follow the Sun)--Del Shannon
9 I'll Be There--Gerry and the Pacemakers
10 Hawaii Tattoo--The Waikikis
Pick hit of the week: Coming on Too Strong--Wayne Newton
New this week: Come Tomorrow--Manfred Mann
The Time Has Come--Dianne James
Save Me the Pillow You Dream On--Dean Martin
The Wishing Well--Hank Snow
Baby Hold Me Close--Jerry Lee Lewis
Come On Home--Bill Black's Combo

Art
The Canadian government of Prime Minister Lester Pearson agreed to provide new funding for fine art work by Canadian artists, and creates the Art Bank, with the funding equalling 1% of the amount of construction contracts for federal buildings.

40 years ago
1975

Protest
Riots broke out in Lima, Peru, the day after police forces had gone on strike. The uprising (locally known as the Limazo) was bloodily suppressed by the military dictatorship.

Defense
Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko concluded a five-day visit to Syria and Egypt to discuss defense.

The United States Congress voted to end military aid to Turkey because of lack of "substantial progress" in Cyprus peace negotiations.

30 years ago
1985

War
Rome Mayor Ugo Vetere and Carthage Mayor Chedli Klibi met in Tunis to sign a treaty of friendship officially ending the Third Punic War, which officially lasted 2,131 years. Fighting in the war took place between 149-146 B.C., resulting in the complete destruction of the city; the annexation of all remaining Carthaginian territory by Rome; the death or enslavement of the entire Carthaginian population; and the end of Carthage's independent existence.

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Aku no hana (悪の華)--Buck-Tick

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Another Day in Paradise--Phil Collins (10th week at #1)

Scandal
Former U.S. President Ronald Reagan refused Judge Harold Greene’s direction to provide excerpts from his diaries to the attorneys of former national security adviser Admiral John Poindexter, on trial for his role in the Iran-Contra arms-for-hostages deal. Mr. Reagan, through his attorneys, asserted a claim "to the constitutionally protected privacy of his diaries." Judge Greene agreed with Adm. Poindexter that Mr. Reagan possessed information that was unavailable from any other source, and ordered Mr. Reagan to give videotaped testimony.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Here Comes the Hotstepper--Ini Kamoze (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): Old Pop in an Oak--Rednex (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Cotton Eye Joe--Rednex (11th week at #1)

Died on this date
Doug McClure, 59. U.S. actor. Mr. McClure was best known for playing Trampas in the western television series The Virginian (1962-1971). He was a longtime smoker and died of lung cancer.

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Gnassingbé Eyadéma, 67. President of Togo, 1967-2005. General Eyadéma led successful military coups in 1963 and 1967, and took office as President after the 1967 coup. As leader of the Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), Gen. Eyadéma retained power in multiparty elections in 1993, 1998, and 2003, although the legitimacy of the results was denounced by opposition politicians. He died on board a plane about 150 miles south of Tunis, "as he was being evacuated for emergency treatment abroad, " according to a government statement. The cause of death was said to be a heart attack. General Eyadéma was succeeded as President by his son Faure, but that succession was denounced as a coup, and Faure resigned on February 25 in favour of first deputy parliament speaker Bonfoh Abass until after the presidential election of April 24, 2005.

February 4, 2015

425 years ago
1590

Died on this date
Gioseffo Zarlino, 72 or 73. Italian composer and music theorist. Mr. Zarlino wrote madrigals and 41 motets, but was better known as a music theorist, making a large contribution to the theory of counterpoint as well as to musical tuning.

275 years ago
1740

Born on this date
Carl Michael Bellman. Swedish songwriter. Mr. Bellman was best known for two collections of poems set to music: Fredmans epistlar (Fredman's Epistles) (1790) and Fredmans sånger (Fredman's Songs) (1791). Mr. Bellman was a heavy drinker who suffered from gout and tuberculosis; he died in his sleep on February 11, 1795, a week after his 55th birthday.

120 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Nigel Bruce. Mexican-born U.K. actor. Mr. Bruce was born in Ensenada, Mexico, where his father worked as an engineer. He was best known (and loved) for portraying Dr. Watson to Basil Rathbone's Sherlock Holmes in 14 movies and over 200 radio programs from 1939-1946. Mr. Bruce continued the role for the 1946-1947 radio season--getting top billing--with Tom Conway as Sherlock Holmes. He died of a heart attack on October 8, 1953 at the age of 58.

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
William Talman. U.S. actor. Mr. Talman was best known for playing District Attorney Hamilton Burger in the television series Perry Mason (1957-1966). His movies included I Married a Communist (1950) and The Hitch-Hiker (1953), in which he played memorably villainous roles. Mr. Talman, a heavy smoker, died of lung cancer, and filmed two public service spots shortly before his death, warning against the dangers of smoking. He died on August 30, 1968 at the age of 53.

Ray Evans. U.S. songwriter. Mr. Evans, a lyricist, partnered with Jay Livingston, a composer, to write several hundred songs, the best known of which were for movies and television programs. The pair won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for Buttons and Bows (The Paleface, 1948); Mona Lisa (Captain Carey, U.S.A., 1950); and Que Sera Sera (The Man Who Knew Too Much, 1956). Other notable movie songs of theirs included Tammy (Tammy and the Bachelor, 1957); Almost in Your Arms (Houseboat, 1958); and Dear Heart (Dear Heart, 1964). Messrs. Livingston and Evans also wrote the theme songs for the televison series Bonanza (1959) and Mr. Ed (1961). Mr. Evans died on February 15, 2007, 11 days after his 92nd birthday.

Norman Wisdom. U.K. entertainer. Sir Norman was best known for playing the character Norman Pitkin in a series of movies made between 1953-1966. He was enormously popular in Albania as one of the few Western actors whose movies were allowed to be shown in that country during the dictatorship of Enver Hoxha. Sir Norman died on October 4, 2010 at the age of 95.

75 years ago
1940

Died on this date
Nikolai Yezhov, 54. U.S.S.R. bureaucrat. Mr. Yezhov was a member of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1935-1939, and held various positions, including head of the secret police force NKVD from 1936-1938, overseeing mass arrests and executions during the Great Purge. He fell from favour with Soviet dictator Josef Stalin, and confessed--probably under torture--to various anti-Soviet activities. Two days after being convicted in a secret trial, Mr. Yezhov was executed by shooting, in the basement of a small NKVD station in Moscow.

War
Japanese planes disrupted traffic on the Haishong-Yunan rail line in China despite U.S. appeals.

Diplomacy
The Balkan Entente conference--with the foreign ministers of Greece, Romania, Turkey, and Yugoslavia--concluded with the communique that the entente would continue in force until 1949.

Economics and finance
The governing body of the International Labour Organization rejected U.S. delegate Robert J. Watt's suggestion the previous day that the ILO prepare a plan for the world's transition from a war to a peace-time economy.

The New York Times reported that because of the European War, Palestine was suffering its worst depression ever.

70 years ago
1945

Diplomacy
The Yalta Conference with U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, U.K. Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and U.S.S.R. dictator Josef Stalin opened at the Livadia Palace in the Crimea. The principal subject was the government of Poland.



War
U.S. troops in Germany continued their advance with the capture of Ruhrberg, Einruhr, Urft, Morsbach, and Gerhahn. Soviet units in Germany made a 19-mile advance on the Oder River front and outflanked Kuestrin on the north, driving a wedge between it and Stettin on the Baltic Sea. 47 hostages were freed from Santo Tomas Internment Camp in Manila by Japanese authorities as U.S. forces continued their siege of the camp. The British Indian Army and Imperial Japanese Army began a series of battles in Burma known as the Battle of Pokoku and Irrawaddy River operations.

Economics and finance
The American Bankers Association announced a proposal for an international financial organization that would include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, but would eliminate the International Monetary Fund.

60 years ago
1955

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Mambo Italiano--Rosemary Clooney (2nd week at #1)

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers

40 years ago
1975

Died on this date
Louis Jordan, 66. U.S. musician. Mr. Jordan, the "King of the Jukebox," was a saxophonist, songwriter, and bandleader, and one of the most popular rhythm and blues artists of the 1940s, recording 18 singles that reached #1 on the Billboard R&B chart. He was one of the first Negro artists whose popularity crossed over into white audiences. His hits included Ration Blues (1943); Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby (1944); Caldonia (1945); Choo Choo Ch'Boogie (1946); Ain't Nobody Here But Us Chickens (1946); and Saturday Night Fish Fry (Parts 1 and 2) (1949). Mr. Jordan was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987 as an early influence.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Gerald Ford told Congress that "The economy is in a severe recession."

European Economic Community and Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) delegates met officially for the first time in Moscow, but failed to reach agreement.

Oil
French President Valery Giscard d'Estaing and West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt concluded two days of talks in Paris with an agreement to propose a joint meeting of oil-consuming and oil-producing nations to work out differences.

The governments of Canada, Alberta, and Ontario invested $600 million in Syncrude Canada to develop the Athabasca tar sands in northern Alberta.

Disasters
1,328 people were killed when an earthquake measuring 7.3 on the Richter scale struck Haicheng, Liaoning, China.

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): You Gotta Chance: Dance de Natsu wo Dakishimete--Kōji Kikkawa (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): ¿Cómo Pudiste Hacerme Esto a Mí?--Alaska y Dinarama (4th week at #1)

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Love Shack--The B-52's (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Another Day in Paradise--Phil Collins

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 All Around the World--Lisa Stansfield (5th week at #1)
2 Another Day in Paradise--Phil Collins
3 Bakerman--Laid Back
4 Leave a Light On--Belinda Carlisle
5 Don't Know Much--Linda Ronstadt (featuring Aaron Neville)
6 I Feel the Earth Move--Martika
7 Listen to Your Heart--Roxette
8 Ride on Time--Black Box
9 The Road to Hell (Part 2)--Chris Rea
10 Sit and Wait--Sydney Youngblood

Singles entering the chart were Sit and Wait; Dear Jessie by Madonna (#21); Rich in Paradise "Going Back to My Roots" by F.P.I. Project (#27); and The Message is Love by Arthur Baker and the Backbeat Disciples featuring Al Green (#30).

Died on this date
"Whipper" Billy Watson, 74. Canadian wrestler. Mr. Watson, born William Potts in East York, Ontario, was a main attraction at Maple Leaf Wrestling in Toronto from 1940-1971, frequently holding the British Empire heavyweight title, and briefly holding the world title in 1947 and 1956. He also wrestled in St. Louis in the 1940s and '50s, joined the National Wrestling Alliance in 1955, and bought the Seattle territory. Mr. Watson was forced to retire from wrestling after suffering a serious knee injury in a car accident. He devoted himself to charity work, especially with Easter Seals. Mr. Watson retired to Florida, where he died.

Protest
100,000 people demonstrated in Moscow on behalf of democracy.

Football
NFL
Pro Bowl @ Aloha Stadium, Honolulu
NFC 27 AFC 21

Los Angeles Rams’ cornerback Jerry Gray was the game’s Most Valuable Player.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Zombie--The Cranberries (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Zombie--The Cranberries

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Zombie--The Cranberries (4th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Can You Feel the Love Tonight--Elton John (10th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): No Limit--Irene Moors & de Smurfen (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Think Twice--Celine Dion

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Creep--TLC (2nd week at #1)
2 On Bended Knee--Boyz II Men
3 Another Night--Real McCoy
4 Take a Bow--Madonna
5 Always--Bon Jovi
6 You Gotta Be--Des'ree
7 Before I Let You Go--BLACKstreet
8 Sukiyaki--4 P.M.
9 Here Comes the Hotstepper--Ini Kamoze
10 I'm the Only One--Melissa Etheridge

Singles entering the chart were Baby by Brandy (#60); Tour by Capleton (#62); This Lil' Game We Play by Subway (featuring 702) (#64); Mad Izm by Channel Live (#75); Take You There by Pete Rock & C.L. Smooth (#84); Supa Star by Group Home (#88); and Fat Boy by Max-A-Million (#89).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 On Bended Knee--Boyz II Men (10th week at #1)
2 Take a Bow--Madonna
3 Creep--TLC
4 Another Night--Real McCoy
5 Always--Bon Jovi
6 You Gotta Be--Des'ree
7 Hold My Hand--Hootie & the Blowfish
8 Here Comes the Hotstepper--Ini Kamoze
9 Every Day of the Week--Jade
10 Sukiyaki--4 P.M.

Singles entering the chart were I Know by Dionne Farris (#56); Kitty Kitty by 69 Boyz (#69); Hold On by Jamie Walters (#78); (She’s Got) Skillz by All-4-One (#82); Woman to Woman by Jewell (#84); Pimp of the Year by Dru Down (#86); Freak Like Me by Adina Howard (#87); and Baby by Brandy (#89).

Died on this date
Patricia Highsmith, 74. U.S. authoress. Miss Highsmith, born Mary Patricia Plangman, was known for psychological thriller novels such as Strangers on a Train (1950); The Talented Mr. Ripley (1955); and Ripley's Game (1974), all of which were made into movies. She died 16 days after her 74th birthday.

Space
The crew of U.S. space shuttle mission STS-63 deployed the Orbital Debris Radar Calibration System-II (ODERACS-II) to help characterize orbital debris environment for objects smaller than 10 centimeters (about 4 inches) in diameter.



Economics and finance
U.S. Trade Representative Mickey Kantor announced the institution of tariffs of as much as 100% on a wide range of imports from China, including plastic articles, telephones, answering machines, bicycles, silk goods, and jewellery. The action was a response to Chinese copying of motion pictures and music recordings and exporting the pirated copies abroad. China immediately responded to the U.S. action by imposing tariffs on U.S. imports.

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Ossie Davis, 87. U.S. actor. Mr. Davis was known for portraying dignified characters in such movies as Gone are the Days! (1963); The Hill (1965); Do the Right Thing (1989); and Malcolm X (1992). Gone are the Days! was based on Mr. Davis's play Purlie Victorious (1961). He was one of the first Negroes to direct movies in Hollywood, with his efforts including Cotton Comes to Harlem (1970) and Gordon's War (1973). Mr. Davis was a well-known civil rights activist, acting as master of ceremonies for Martin Luther King's March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963, and delivering the eulogy at the funeral of Malcolm X in 1965. In his later years, Mr. Davis co-hosted the annual National Memorial Day Concert in Washington, D.C.

February 3, 2015

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Louise Taylor!

325 years ago
1690

Economics and finance
The colony of Massachusetts issued the first paper money in the Americas.

175 years ago
1840

Born on this date
Allan McLean. U.K.-born Australian politician. Mr. McLean, a native of Scotland, moved to Australia as a child. He represented Gippsland North in the Victorian Legislative Assembly (1880-1901), holding several cabinet posts and serving as Premier of Victoria (1899-1900). Mr. McLean opposed Australian federation, but entered federal politics after it took effect in 1901, and represented Gippsland in the House of Representatives (1901-1906) as a member of the Protectionist Party, serving as Minister for Trade and Customs (1904-1905). Mr. McLean narrowly lost in seat in the 1906 federal election, and died on July 13, 1911 at the age of 71, after long suffering from a rheumatic condition.

150 years ago
1865

Politics and government
The Canadian legislature resolved, in an address to Queen Victoria, to ask for a Union of the Provinces of British North America.

80 years ago
1935

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Louis Hector and Leigh Lovell, on NBC
Tonight’s episode: Cherchez La Femme

Died on this date
Hugo Junkers, 76. German aircraft designer and engineer. Mr. Junkers pioneered the design of all-metal airplanes and flying wings. He founded the company that became Junkers Flugzeug- und Motorenwerke AG, and was Germany's leading aircraft manufacturer between the two world wars. He died on his 76th birthday.

75 years ago
1940

At the movies
Calling Philo Vance, starring James Stephenson, opened in theatres. The film was a remake of The Kennel Murder Case (1933), which had starred William Powell.

War
German planes bombed the British coast from the Tyne River to Norfolk, claiming the sinking of 14 ships.

Diplomacy
The U.S. State Department asked both French and Japanese authorities to assure safe passage over the Haiphong-Yunan railroad in China.

Politics and government
The Pennsylvania State Democratic Committee announced its endorsement of Franklin D. Roosevelt for a third term as President of the United States.

The "farm bloc" of the United States Senate moved to restore budget cuts in the Agriculture bill, the day after the House of Representatives had voted a cut of $66.9 million.

Economics and finance
Robert J. Watt, U.S. delegate to the International Labour Organization meeting in Geneva, urged that body to prepare a plan for the world's transition from a war to a peace-time economy.

70 years ago
1945

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Don't Fence Me In--Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters with Vic Schoen and his Orchestra (Best Seller--7th week at #1; Airplay--2nd week at #1; Juke Box--8th week at #1)

Died on this date
Roland Freisler, 51. German lawyer and judge. Mr. Freisler, who joined the Nazi Party in 1925, was State Secretary of the Reich Ministry of Justice and President of the Volksgerichtshof (People's Court) from 1942-1945. The court operated outside constitutional authority and conducted show trials of those who were accused of political actions against the regime of Fuehrer Adolf Hitler. Mr. Freisler was conducting a session of the Volksgerichtshof when he was killed in an Allied bombing raid on Berlin.

War
As part of Operation Thunderclap, 1,000 B-17s of the U.S. 8th Air Force dropped 2,256 tons of bombs on Berlin, killing 2,500-3,000 people and leaving another 120,000 homeless. U.S. troops in Belgium cleared the last German forces with the capture of Krewinkel. Soviet forces in eastern Germany reached a point 6 miles west of Kuestrin and 11 miles west of Frankfurt an der Oder in their drive on Berlin. Peace talks between the Greek government and the EAM-ELAS factions opened in Athens. U.S. and Filipino forces began a month-long battle to retake Manila from Japan. Troops with the U.S. 6th Army broke into the suburbs of Manila and liberated over 5,000 Allied prisoners held at Manila General Hospital, the University of Manila, and other locations.

Defense
The New York Times reported that over 50 United States Senators supported the proposal of Sen. Arthur Vandenberg (Republican--Michigan) for immediate Allied pacts to keep Germany and Japan demilitarized.

Baseball
Major league club owners adopted a new charter with only one major change, whereby the owners could not appeal decisions of the Commissioner to the courts.

60 years ago
1955

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Carleton Hobbs and Norman Shelley, on BBC
Tonight's episode: The Copper Beeches

50 years ago
1965

Space
The United States launched the satellite Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO) 2 from Cape Kennedy, Florida. The satellite's mission was to study solar X-rays, gamma rays, and ultraviolet radiation, and included creating artificial solar eclipses.

Scandal
The United States Air Force Academy reported that 105 cadets had resigned as a result of an investigation into cheating, and theft and sale of examination papers.

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): My Little Angel--William Shakespeare

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Hajimete no Dekigoto--Junko Sakurada

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Todo El Tiempo Del Mundo--Manolo Otero (7th week at #1)

Diplomacy
French President Valery Giscard d'Estaing and West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt began two days of talks in Paris.

Economics and finance
Representatives of 110 backward nations began a five-day conference in Dakar, Senegal to argue for higher prices and better trade terms.

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): When the Rain Begins to Fall--Pia Zadora and Jermaine Jackson

#1 single in Switzerland: One Night in Bangkok--Murray Head (3rd week at #1)

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): Love Shack--The B-52's (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Lambada--Kaoma (19th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): All Around the World--Lisa Stansfield

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): All Around the World--Lisa Stansfield

#1 single in France (SNEP): Les Valses de Vienne--François Feldman (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): Nothing Compares 2 U--Sinéad O'Connor

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Me So Horny--The 2 Live Crew
2 Got to Get--Rob 'n' Raz featuring Leila K
3 All Around the World--Lisa Stansfield
4 Get a Life--Soul II Soul
5 Words--The Christians
6 Get Into It--Tony Scott
7 Inna City Mamma--Neneh Cherry
8 Homely Girl--UB40
9 In Private--Dusty Springfield
10 Whatcha' Gonna Do with My Lovin'--Inner City

Singles entering the chart were Get Up! (Before the Night is Over) by Technotronic (#18); Nothing Compares to U by Sinéad O'Connor (#26); Ik Zie 'n Pils by De Havenzangers (#27); En Nou die Hèndjes de Lucht In by Van Alles Wè m.m.v. C.V. De Loeiers (#28); Fools Gold by the Stone Roses (#30); I Can't Stand It by Twenty 4 Seven featuring MC FixxIt (#32); Op De Deksel Van De Jampot... by Vader Abraham (#33); and I'm Not the Man I Used to Be by Fine Young Cannibals (#38).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 How am I Supposed to Live Without You--Michael Bolton (3rd week at #1)
2 Opposites Attract--Paula Abdul (Duet with the Wild Pair)
3 Downtown Train--Rod Stewart
4 Two to Make it Right--Seduction
5 Janie's Got a Gun--Aerosmith
6 I Remember You--Skid Row
7 Free Fallin'--Tom Petty
8 Pump Up the Jam--Technotronic featuring Felly
9 Just Between You and Me--Lou Gramm
10 Everything--Jody Watley

Singles entering the chart were Keep it Together by Madonna (#56); Love Me for Life by Stevie B (#69); I Wish it Would Rain Down by Phil Collins (#71); Forever by Kiss (#72); All Around the World by Lisa Stansfield (#78); That's What I Like by Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers (#91); 1-2-3 by the Chimes (#93); and You're the Only Woman by the Brat Pack (#94).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Downtown Train--Rod Stewart
2 How am I Supposed to Live Without You--Michael Bolton
3 Pump Up the Jam--Technotronic featuring Felly
4 Two to Make it Right--Seduction
5 Everything--Jody Watley
6 Just Between You and Me--Lou Gramm
7 Free Fallin'--Tom Petty
8 Opposites Attract--Paula Abdul (with Wild Pair)
9 Another Day in Paradise--Phil Collins
10 I Remember You--Skid Row

Singles entering the chart were Keep it Together by Madonna (#70); Forever by Kiss (#73); All Around the World by Lisa Stansfield (#83); Walk on By by Sybil (#85); Get Up! (Before the Night is Over) by Technotronic (#87); Wouldn't Change a Thing by Kylie Minogue (#89); If U were Mine by U-Krew (#90); There's a Party Going On by Yvonne (#92); Let Love Rule by Lenny Kravitz (#95); and Fly High Michelle by Enuff Z’Nuff (#96).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Another Day in Paradise--Phil Collins (8th week at #1)
2 Downtown Train--Rod Stewart
3 Just Between You and Me--Lou Gramm
4 Pump Up the Jam--Technotronic featuring Felly
5 Janie's Got a Gun--Aerosmith
6 Free Fallin'--Tom Petty
7 Peace in Our Time--Eddie Money
8 Just Like Jesse James--Cher
9 We Didn't Start the Fire--Billy Joel
10 Don't Know Much--Linda Ronstadt (featuring Aaron Neville)

Singles entering the chart were Almost Hear You Sigh by the Rolling Stones (#75); Tender Lover by Babyface (#77); Boots or Hearts by the Tragically Hip (#80); Love Will Lead You Back by Taylor Dayne (#82); All My Life by Linda Ronstadt (with Aaron Neville) (#85); Get Up! (Before the Night is Over) by Technotronic (#87); True Blue Love by Lou Gramm (#89); Sometimes She Cries by Warrant (#91); and Love Don't Come Easy by the Alarm (#93).

Music
Bobby Vee and the Crickets performed in Mr. Vee's home town of Fargo, North Dakota. Also on the bill was Del Shannon, giving what turned out to be his last live performance; he shot himself five days later while under the influence of Prozac.

Politics and government
Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev told the Communist Party’s Central Committee, "We should abandon the ideological dogmatism that became ingrained during the past decades."

The Bulgarian parliament confirmed Andrei Lukanov as the country’s new Premier.

Scandal
Darryl Strawberry's baseball career took a dramatic turn for the worse when the 27-year-old five-time all-star outfielder for the New York Mets entered a centre for drug and alcohol abuse in Manhattan to treat what the team described as a drinking problem.

Horse racing
Bill Shoemaker, 58, the greatest jockey in history, rode in his last race, finishing fourth at Santa Anita Park. He retired with 8,833 victories in 40,350 races.

Hockey
NHL
Pittsburgh 4 @ Toronto 8

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Stay Another Day--East 17 (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Think Twice--Celine Dion (3rd week at #1)

Space
The United States Space Shuttle Discovery blasted off from Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida to begin mission STS-63. The crew was James Wetherbee (Commander); Eileen Collins (Pilot); and Mission Specialists Bernard Harris; Michael Foale; Janice Voss; and Vladimir Titov. Ms. Collins was the first woman to pilot a space shuttle mission. The shuttle's mission was to dock with the Russian space station Mir.



Economics and finance
U.S. President Bill Clinton announced that he favoured a minimum wage of $5.15 per hour, higher than the current figure of $4.25 per hour. He said that if the minimum wage was not increased, it would stand at a 40-year low in 1996.

The United States Labor Department reported that the unemployment rate had increased in January by 0.3% to 5.7%.

Hockey
NHL
Edmonton 5 Toronto 3

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Zurab Zhvania, 41. Prime Minister of Georgia, 2004-2005. Mr. Zhvania was co-chairman of Georgia's Green Party before joining the Union of Citizens of Georgia in 1992. He served as Chairman of the Parliament of Georgia from 1995-2001 and State Minister of Georgia from 2003-2004, assuming the position of Prime Minister on February 18. Mr. Zhvania and fellow Georgian politician Raul Usupov, 24, were found dead in a rented apartment, apparently from carbon monoxide poisoning as a result of a faulty gas heater. Some have questioned the official story and have alleged that the two were murdered. Zurab Nogaideli succeeded Mr. Zhvania as Prime Minister.

February 2, 2015

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Simon O’Byrne and Sandy Ting!

370 years ago
1645

War
In the Scottish Civil War, a Royalist force of Highlanders and Confederate Irish troops under the overall command of James Graham, Lord Montrose routed and largely destroyed the pursuing forces of Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll, in the Battle of Inverlochy.

125 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Charles Correll. U.S. actor. Mr. Correll co-starred with Freeman Gosden in the radio comedy series Sam 'n' Henry 1926-1928 and played Andy Brown in that series' successor, Amos 'n' Andy (1928-1960). Mr. Correll died on September 26, 1972 at the age of 82.

Music
Antonin Dvorak's 8th Symphony received its premiere performance in Prague, with the composer conducting the orchestra.



120 years ago
1895

Born on this date
George Halas. U.S. baseball player, and football player, coach, and executive. Mr. Halas was a right fielder with the St. Paul Saints of the American Association in 1919, batting .274 with no home runs in 39 games. He played 12 games with the New York Yankees in 1919, batting .091 (2 for 22) with no homers or runs batted in. Mr. Halas was best known for his football achievements; he was an end with the Hammond All-Stars (1919) and Decatur Staleys/Chicago Staleys/Chicago Bears (1920-1929), coaching the latter team from its founding, and taking control of the franchise in 1921. "Papa Bear" attended the meeting in 1920 that resulted in the founding of the American Professional Football Association, which changed its name to the National Football League in 1922. Mr. Halas coached the Bears for 40 years (1920-1929, 1933-1942, 1946-1955, 1958-1967), compiling a record of 318-148-31, and leading the team to NFL championships in 1921, 1933, 1940, 1941, 1946, and 1963. Mr. Halas was inducted into the Professional Football Hall of Fame as a charter member in 1963. After retiring as head coach, he remained the Bears' principal owner, and was the last surviving participant from the APFA's founding meeting. Mr. Halas died of pancreatic cancer on October 31, 1983 at the age of 88.

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
Abba Eban. South African-born Israeli politician and diplomat. Mr. Eban was born in Cape Town, grew up in England, served as a diplomat in the United States, and moved to Israel in 1959. He was Israel's first Ambassador to the United Nations before entering politics, where he held several cabinet posts from 1959-1974, including Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1966-1974. Mr. Eban died on November 17, 2002 at the age of 87.

Stan Leonard. Canadian golfer. Mr. Leonard, a native of Vancouver, won 42 professional tournaments, almost all of them in Canada. He joined the PGA tour at the age of 39 in 1954, and won the 1957 Greater Greensboro Open; the 1958 Tournament of Champions; and the 1960 Western Open. Mr. Leonard tied for eighth place in the Masters in 1955, tied for fourth in 1958 and 1959, and tied for ninth in 1960. He was inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame in 1964 and the Canadian Golf Hall of Fame in 1972. Mr. Leonard died on December 15, 2005 at the age of 90.

90 years ago
1925

World events
Dog sleds reached Nome, Alaska with diphtheria antitoxin, covering 674 miles in 5 1/2 days. The event inspired the annual Iditarod race.

80 years ago
1935

Died on this date
Marau, 74. Queen consort of Tahiti, 1877-1880. Marau, the daughter of Jewish English merchant Alexander Salmon and Princesss Oehau, married future King Pōmare V in 1875, and became queen consort when he acceded to the throne upon the death of his mother, Queen Pōmare IV. King Pōmare V gave Tahiti to France and abdicated the throne in 1880; he and Queen Marau were divorced in 1887.

Technology
Leonarde Keeler tested the first polygraph machine on two criminals in Portage, Wisconsin.

75 years ago
1940

War
Former U.S. President Herbert Hoover urged the United States to stay out of the European war. Japanese military sources reported the capture of Pinyang, a strategic city in the Chinese province of Kwangsi.

Civil disorders in the northeast Indian frontier area were reported.

Diplomacy
Foreign ministers of the Balkan Entente countries--Greece, Romania, Turkey, and Yugoslavia--met in Belgrade.

The Japanese Foreign Office explained that its adherence to the Anti-Comintern Pact "involves no question of antagonizing" the U.S.S.R.

Politics and government
U.S. Vice President John Nance "Cactus Jack" Garner announced that he would enter the Georgia Democratic primary, if one was held, to challenge the New Deal economic policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Economics and finance
The U.S. House of Representatives voted a $66.9-million cut in the Agriculture Department bill despite pressure from farmers and President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

A New York Stock Exchange seat was sold for $48,000, the lowest price since 1918.

Medicine
Dr. J.B. Collip of McGill University reported the discovery of an oral substance to be used in combating diabetes.

Chess
Isaac Kashdan won the international tournament in Havana.

70 years ago
1945

Died on this date
Karl Goerdeler, 60. German politician. Mr. Goerdeler was Mayor of Leipzig from 1930-1937 and served as Reich Price Commissioner in the Nazi government from 1934-1937, but eventually turned against the Nazis. He was involved in the July 20, 1944 attempt to assassinate Fuehrer Adolf Hitler and would have become Chancellor of Germany if the plot had succeeded. Mr. Goerdeler was arrested, and hanged at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin.

Alfred Delp, 37. German clergyman. Mr. Delp, a Jesuit Roman Catholic priest, was implicated in the July 20, 1944 assassination plot against German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler and was hanged at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin.

War
Soviet forces in East Prussia took Petershagen, Domnau, and Germau, gaining control of most of the province. U.S. forces in the Philippines established a bridgehead across the Angat River at Bustos, pushing to within 15 miles of Manila, as other units advanced halfway across the Bataan Peninsula.

Diplomacy
The Malta Conference ended after U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and U.K. Prime Minister Winston Churchill discussed Allied Supreme Commander General Dwight Eisenhower's plans for driving up to and across the Rhine River, and agreed to withdraw two divisions from Greece and three from Italy to reinforce northwestern Europe. The two leaders then proceeded to Crimea for the Yalta Conference with Soviet Dictator Josef Stalin.

Science
The American Institute of Chemists reported that it had awarded its gold medal to John M. Thomas for his contributions to synthetic rubber.

Energy
Due to the tight fuel situation, the U.S. War Production Board ordered the cutting off of natural gas in amusement parks in New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, the District of Columbia, and parts of Maryland and Virginia.

Business
A commission investigating utility company concessions in Argentina recommended the dissolution of virtually all the Argentine subsidiaries of the American & Foreign Power Company.

Labour
At its meeting in London, the general council of the International Federation of Trade Unions shelved future consideration of a report proposing the entry of the Congress of Industrial Organizations and Soviet trade unions.

60 years ago
1955

Weather
The temperature at Sisson Dam, New Brunswick reached -53 F. (-47.2 C.), the coldest ever recorded in the province.

50 years ago
1965

On television tonight
The Fugitive, starring David Janssen, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Scapegoat, with guest stars Dianne Foster, John Anderson, and Harry Townes

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): One Night in Bangkok--Murray Head (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Easy Lover--Philip Bailey (with Phil Collins) (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K.: I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner

U.S.A. top 10 (Cash Box)
1 I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner
2 Like a Virgin--Madonna
3 Easy Lover--Philip Bailey (with Phil Collins)
4 You're the Inspiration--Chicago
5 Careless Whisper--Wham! featuring George Michael
6 All I Need--Jack Wagner
7 Run to You--Bryan Adams
8 The Boys of Summer--Don Henley
9 Loverboy--Billy Ocean
10 I Would Die 4 U--Prince and the Revolution

Singles entering the chart were Save a Prayer by Duran Duran (#49); Somebody by Bryan Adams (#60); This is Not America by David Bowie and the Pat Metheny Group (#67); Holyanna by Toto (#84); Restless Heart by John Waite (#86); The Word is Out by Jermaine Stewart (#88); and If I Had a Rocket Launcher by Bruce Cockburn (#89). This is Not America was from the movie The Falcon and the Snowman (1985).

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 Careless Whisper--Wham! featuring George Michael (2nd week at #1)
2 Easy Lover--Philip Bailey (with Phil Collins)
3 All I Need--Jack Wagner
4 Run to You--Bryan Adams
5 I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner
6 Like a Virgin--Madonna
7 Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid
8 You're the Inspiration--Chicago
9 Smalltown Boy--Bronski Beat
10 Ti Amo--Laura Branigan

Singles entering the chart were Just Another Night by Mick Jagger (#72); Can't Fight this Feeling by REO Speedwagon (#91); This is My Night by Chaka Khan (#93); Ooh Ooh Song by Pat Benatar (#94); A Criminal Mind by Gowan (#95); We Run by Strange Advance (#96); and Do it Again by the Kinks (#97).

25 years ago
1990

World events
South African President F.W. de Klerk lifted the 30-year ban on the African National Congress and announced that convicted terrorist Nelson Mandela would soon be freed from prison.

The U.S. Justice Department announced that deposed Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega and one of his co-defendants would be treated as prisoners of war. The department noted, however, that the Geneva Convention provides that "prisoners of war may be prosecuted in the civilian courts of the detaining country."

A military court in Romania convicted four former top aides to deposed President Nicolae Ceausescu of complicity to commit genocide. Those convicted included Emil Bobu, third-ranking figure in the government. The men were sentenced to life in prison.

Politics and government
Alexander Lilov was elected as leader of the Bulgarian Communist Party, succeeding Petar Mladenov. Mr. Lilov was seen as a compromise candidate, who was not identified with the ousted hard-line regime of President Todor Zhivkov, and who could better lead the party in upcoming elections.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that the unemployment rate had fallen to 5.2% in January.

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 2 @ Detroit 5
Pittsburgh 6 @ Edmonton 3

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Kourin, kourin--Sikaduo (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Fred Perry, 85. U.K.-born U.S. tennis player. Mr. Perry was the top men's amateur player in the world from 1934-1936. His major tournament wins included the men's singles championships at Wimbledon (1934-1936) and the United States Open (1933-1934, 1936). Mr. Perry, who became a United States citizen in 1938, was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1975.

Donald Pleasence, 75. U.K. actor. Mr. Pleasence was a distinguished stage and television actor in Britain before working in the United States. His notable movies included The Great Escape (1963); You Only Live Twice (1967); and Halloween (1978) and its various sequels.

Diplomacy
Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, Palestine Liberation Organization chairman Yasser Arafat, Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, and King Hussein of Jordan met at a summit in Cairo and condemned recent instances of violence that had imperiled the peace process in the region.

World events
The Israeli municipal government in Jerusalem approved 6,500 housing units in a suburb for West Bank settlers, drawing swift protests from Palestinians and some Israelis.

Politics and government
U.S. President Bill Clinton nominated Dr. Henry Foster to succeed the departed Joycelyn Elders as Surgeon General of the United States. Dr. Foster was the former chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Meharry Medical College, a predominantly Negro school in Nashville, Tennessee, and had gained recognition for a program that encouraged teenagers to delay becoming sexually active.

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Max Schmeling, 99. German boxer. Mr. Schmeling, nickamed "The Black Uhlan," compiled a professional record of 56-10-4, and was world heavyweight champion from 1930-1932. The title had been vacant for two years since the retirement of Gene Tunney when Mr. Schmeling fought Jack Sharkey on June 12, 1930 at Madison Square Garden in New York. Mr. Sharkey appeared to have the upper hand in the early rounds, but in the 4th inning, he landed a low blow, and Mr. Schmeling was awarded the title on a foul. The two fought a rematch on June 21, 1932, and Mr. Schmeling appeared to get the better of the fight, but Mr. Sharkey was awarded the 15-round decision and the championship belt. Mr. Schmeling's career declined over the next few years, but he appeared to be on the comeback trail when he fought the number one contender, undefeated Joe Louis, on June 19, 1936. Mr. Schmeling pulled off a huge upset with a 12-round knockout of "The Brown Bomber," and he was regarded as a national hero, receiving congratulations from Fuehrer Adolf Hitler. On June 22, 1938, Mr. Schmeling and Mr. Louis fought again at Madison Square Garden, but Mr. Louis, who had defeated Jim Braddock to win the title in 1937, destroyed Mr. Schmeling and delivered a blow to the idea of German supremacy by knocking out the former champion in just 2 minutes and 4 seconds of the 1st round. Mr. Schmeling was no longer treated as a hero, and was drafted into the Luftwaffe during World War II. Mr. Schmeling became an executive with the Coca-Cola Company in Germany after the end of his boxing career.