Sunday, 21 April 2019

April 14, 2019

1,950 years ago
69


War
Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeated Emperor Otho in the Battle of Bedriacum to take power over Rome.

390 years ago
1629


Born on this date
Christiaan Huygens
. Dutch physicist, mathematician, astronomer and inventor. Mr. Huygens' achievements are too numerous to mention here, but they included the discovery of Saturn's moon Titan, and the invention of the pendulum clock. He has been called the first theoretical physicist and the founder of mathematical physics. Mr. Huygens died on July 8, 1695 at the age of 66.

380 years ago
1639


War
Saxon and Imperial forces led by General Rodolfo Giovanni Marazzino were defeated by Swedish forces under the command of General Johan Banér in the Battle of Chemnitz in what is now eastern Germany. The Swedish victory prolonged the Thirty Years' War and allowed them to advance into Bohemia.

320 years ago
1699


Religion
The Sikh religion was formalized as the Khalsa - the brotherhood of Warrior-Saints - by Guru Gobind Singh in northern India, in accordance with the Nanakshahi calendar.

310 years ago
1709


Born on this date
Charles Collé
. French playwright and songwriter. Mr. Collé was best kown for his comedies, including La Vérité dans le vin (1747). The lyrics of his songs usually dealt with love and wine. Mr. Collé died on November 3, 1783 at the age of 74.

260 years ago
1759

Died on this date
Georg Frideric Handel, 74
. German-born U.K. composer. Mr. Handel moved to England permanently in 1712. His compositions include Water Music (1713); Messiah (1742); and Royal Fireworks Music (1749).

250 years ago
1769


Born on this date
Barthélemy Catherine Joubert
. French military officer. General Joubert served under Napoleon Bonaparte in the 1790s, and was killed in the Battle of Novi in Italy on August 15, 1799 at the age of 30.

200 years ago
1819


Born on this date
H.E.G. Arey
. U.S. teacher and authoress. Harriett Ellen Grannis Arey, a native of Vermont, taught at girls' schools for many years, mainly in Cleveland. She was one of the founders and the first president of the Ohio Woman's State Press Association; her books included Household Songs, and Other Poems (1855) and Home and School Training (1884). Mrs. Arey died on April 26, 1901, 12 days after her 82nd birthday.

170 years ago
1849


Europeana
Hungary declared itself independent of Austria, with Lajos Kossuth as its leader.

150 years ago
1869


Ottawana
The noon cannon on Parliament Hill was fired for the first time.

130 years ago
1889


Born on this date
Arnold J. Toynbee
. U.K. historian. Professor Toynbee taught at the London School of Economics for many years. He was best known for his 12-volume A Study of History (1934-1961), in which he argued that civilizations "rose by responding successfully to challenges under the leadership of creative minorities composed of elite leaders." Prof. Toynbee was perhaps the world's most influential scholar in the 1940s and '50s, but his influence faded after 1960. He died on October 22, 1975 at the age of 86.

125 years ago
1894


Died on this date
Zebulon Vance, 63
. U.S. politician. Mr. Vance was a member of the Whig Party until the mid-1850s and was with the American Party when he represented North Carolina's 8th District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1858-1861). When North Carolina seceded from the Union and joined the Confederacy, he became a colonel in the C.S. Army, and a a member of the Conservative Party of North Carolina, served as Governor of North Carolina (1862-1865). Mr. Vance joined the Democratic Party in 1872, serving another term as Governor (1877-1879) and representing the state in the U.S. Senate from 1879 until his death.

Movies
The first ever commercial motion picture house opened in New York City using ten Kinetoscopes (devices for peep-show viewing of films).

110 years ago
1909


Born on this date
Jack Shaindlin
. Russian-born U.S. composer. Mr. Shaindlin moved to the United States in 1922, and composed scores for movies and television programs. He was the musical director of the March of Time newsreels. Mr. Shaindlin died on September 22, 1978 at the age of 69.

Died on this date
Miguel Ángel Juárez Celman, 64
. President of Argentina, 1886-1890. Mr. Juárez, a member of the National Autonomist Party who was propelled into politics by his relative General Julio Argentino Roca, served as President of the Senate in the late 1870s and Governor of Cordoba in the early 1880s before returning to the Senate in 1883. Mr. Juárez was President during the Pánico de 1890, and his authoritarian ways led to the creation of the opposition Civic Union Party, forcing his resignation following the Revolución del Parque.

Abominations
A massacre was organized by the Ottoman Empire against the Armenian population of Cilicia.

Oil
Hudson's Bay Company and Canadian Pacific Railway financier Donald Smith, Lord Strathcona founded the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, the precursor of British Petroleum in London.

100 years ago
1919


Born on this date
Shamshad Begum
. Indian singer. Miss Begum performed over 6,000 songs in various languages, but was best known for singing 1,287 songs in Hindi films. She died on April 23, 2013, nine days after her 94th birthday.

Died on this date
Auguste-Réal Angers, 81
. Canadian politician. Sir Auguste-Réal, a native of Quebec City and a Conservative, represented Montmorency in the Quebec Legislative Assembly from 1874-1880, serving as Solicitor General (1874-1876) and Attorney General (1876-1880). He represented Montmorency in the Canadian House of Commons from February-November 1880, and represented De la Vallière, Quebec in the Canadian Senate from 1892-1896, serving as Minister of Agriculture (1892-1895) in the cabinets of Prime Ministers John Thompson and Mackenzie Bowell, and as President of the Privy Council (1896) under Prime Minister Charles Tupper.

80 years ago
1939


Literature
John Steinbeck's novel The Grapes of Wrath was first published by Viking Press.

75 years ago
1944


Radio
CBS received the 1944 award of the Socieda Gombasta Panamericana for its contributions to hemispheric solidarity through its Latin American network.

Movies
Mrs. Helen G. Carlisle filed suit for $300,000 in damages, accusing Warner Brothers Pictures of pirating the picture Princess O'Rourke (1943) from a novelette that she had written.

War
Only a 1,000-square-mile area at the southern end of the Crimean Peninsula was reported to still be in German hands. A Japanese force reached the Bishenpur-Silchar trail southwest of Imphal, threatening to cut the last land supply line to the capital of the Indian state of Manipur. Turkish Foreign Minister Numan Menemencioglu said, "We will, in the general direction of our foreign policy, aid the Allies to the limit of our material possibilities." U.S. Navy Secretary Frank Knox said that the court martial of Lieutenant General Walter Short and Admiral Husband Kimmel for their role in the December 7, 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii would not be held at this time.

Politics and government
In forming a new government-in-exile, Greek Prime Minister Sofoklis Venizelos took the war, navy, air, and justice portfolios. Social-Democratic Party leader George Papandreou, who had escaped from German imprisonment in Athens, arrived in Cairo to serve in Mr. Venizelos' cabinet.

Energy
The Quebec Legislative Assembly passed Bill 17, creating the provincial utility company Hydro-Québec.

Economics and finance
U.S. Interior Secretary Harold Ickes proposed that government-owned war plants be turned over to veterans to be operated in competition with private industry after World War II.

Disasters
A massive explosion in Bombay harbour killed 300 and caused economic damage valued then at 20 million pounds.

70 years ago
1949


War
Chinese Communist and Nationalist forces halted fighting around Nanking as the Nationalist government considered a Communist demand for unopposed crossing of the Yangtze River.

Dutch and Indonesian representatives met under United Nations auspices in Batavia and began negotiations on Dutch withdrawal from Jakarta, capital of the Indonesian Republic.

The U.S. war crimes tribunal in Nuremberg handed down prison sentences of 4-25 years for 19 former German officials convicted of planning aggressive war and crimes against humanity. Included among the convicted were former Foreign Office Secretary Ernst von Weizsaecker; Deputy Chancellor Heinrich Lammers; SS intelligence chief Walter Schellenberg; and Nazi press chief Otto Dietrich. The sentencing ended the last trial scheduled for the tribunal.

Diplomacy
The United Nations General Assembly approved a resolution for modification of the Security Council veto, urging the great powers not to use their veto in cases involving requests for UN membership, peaceful settlement of international disputes, and appointment of inquiry commissions.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Senate and House of Representatives completed action on a bill authorizing $5.4 billion in Marshall Plan expenditures for the next 15 months.

60 years ago
1959


On television tonight
Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Navigator, starring Don Dubbins, Robert Ellenstein, and Don Womack



World events
Kenyan authorities freed Jomo Kenyatta and four other alleged Mau Mau leaders from prison, but placed them under forced residence in the Lodar area of Kenya's remote Northern Province.

Diplomacy
French Prime Minister Michel Debre and Foreign Minister Couve de Murville concluded two days of talks in London with British leaders on policies to be followed in forthcoming East-West negotiations on Germany.

Politics and government
Arriving in Peking (Beijing) to attend the National People's Congress, Tibet's Panchen Lama declared that the "great Communist Party and the [Chinese] People's Liberation Army have the unanimous support of the people of Tibet."

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Montreal 2 @ Toronto 3 (OT) (Montreal led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Dick Duff scored at 10:06 of the 1st overtime period to give the Maple Leafs their win over the Canadiens at Maple Leaf Gardens.

50 years ago
1969


Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Yoake no Scat--Saori Yuki

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Las Flechas Del Amor (Little Arrows)--Karina (5th week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In (The Flesh Failures)--The 5th Dimension (2nd week at #1)
2 Galveston--Glen Campbell
3 You've Made Me So Very Happy--Blood, Sweat & Tears
4 Rock Me--Steppenwolf
5 Don't Give in to Him--Gary Puckett and the Union Gap
6 Only the Strong Survive--Jerry Butler
7 Time of the Season--The Zombies
8 Hair--The Cowsills
9 Twenty-Five Miles--Edwin Starr
10 Brother Love's Travelling Salvation Show--Neil Diamond

Singles entering the chart were Badge by Cream (#58); The River is Wide by the Grassroots (#62); Atlantis by Donovan (#66); Earth Angel (Will You Be Mine) by the Vogues (#77); Buying a Book by Joe Tex (#80); Twilight Woman by the 49th Parallel (#82); The Composer by Diana Ross and the Supremes (#83); (We've Got) Honey Love by Martha Reeves & the Vandellas (#86); Seattle by Perry Como (#88); Moody Manitoba Morning by the Five Bells (#89); Foolish Fool by Dee Dee Warwick (#94); Not Wrong Long by the Nazz (#95); What Can the Matter Be by the Poppy Family (#98); Stand! by Sly & the Family Stone (#99); and Happy Heart by Andy Williams (#100).

On television tonight
33⅓ Revolutions per Monkee, on NBC

Those who didn't want to watch the Academy Awards on ABC were given the opportunity to watch this special with the Monkees, taped in November 1968. The guests included Brian Auger, Julie Driscoll, Fats Domino, Little Richard, and Jerry Lee Lewis. By the time of the broadcast, Peter Tork had left the group.



Movies
The Academy Awards for 1968 were presented at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles (see video). The winners included: Picture--Oliver!; Director--Carol Reed (Oliver!); Actor--Cliff Robertson (Charly); Actress--Katharine Hepburn (The Lion in Winter) and Barbra Streisand (Funny Girl); Supporting Actor--Jack Albertson (The Subject was Roses); Supporting Actress--Ruth Gordon (Rosemary's Baby). Young Americans was named the Best Documentary Feature; on May 7, producers Robert Cohn and Alex Grasshoff were forced to return the award after the discovery that the film had first been shown in a theatre in October 1967, and was thus ineligible for a 1968 award. The Oscar was then given to Journey Into Self, the first runner-up.

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Laura O'Leary!

Died on this date
Matilde Muñoz Sampedro, 69
. Miss Muñoz appeared in various movies from the 1940s until her death, and was the sister, wife, mother, and grandmother of actors.

Space
The United States launched Nimbus 3, a replacement for an identical weather satellite that had failed to achieve orbit in 1968. It carried seven meteorological research instruments plus a test involving a radioisotope power generator.

Politics and government
The Ninth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, the first such congress since 1958, adopted a new constitution naming Defense Minister Lin Piao as the successor to Chairman Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong).

Journalism
The United States Army took its first disciplinary action against an editor of one of the antiwar GI underground newspapers. In Georgia, the commanding general at Fort Gordon announced the undesirable discharge of Private First Class Dennis Davis, editor of The Last Harass.

Crime
The first mass trial of demonstrators at the previous year's Democratic National Convention ended in Chicago with a verdict of guilty of disorderly conduct for the 13 defendants.

Medicine
A team of scientists headed by Dr. Gerald Edelman at Rockefeller University reported success for the first time in deciphering an antibody--one of the body's primary weapons against disease.

Disasters
Two crowded buses crashed head-on in Sao Paulo, Brazil, killing 7 and injuring 26.

Baseball
The Cleveland Indians sold outfielder Jimmie Hall to the New York Yankees. Mr. Hall batted .207 with 2 home runs and 16 runs batted in in 99 games in 1968--.198 with 1 homer and 8 RBIs in 53 games with the Indians after being acquired from the California Angels--and was 0 for 10 with 2 bases on balls and 1 run in 4 games with Cleveland in 1969.

Major league baseball came to Canada as the Montreal Expos played their first home game ever, defeating the defending National League champion St. Louis Cardinals 8-7 before 29,184 fans at Jarry Park. Left fielder Mack Jones hit the first Expos' home run at Jarry Park, added a 2-run triple to finish the game with 5 runs batted in, and was an instant hero; the left field bleachers became known as "Jonesville." Former Cardinal Larry Jaster was the starting pitcher for the Expos, but gave up 7 runs--2 earned--in the 4th inning as the Expos blew a 6-0 lead, while reliever Dan McGinn pitched 5 1/3 innings to get his first major league win, and singled home the winning run. Dal Maxvill hit a grand slam for the Cardinals.



Ken Holtzman pitched a 7-hitter and the Chicago Cubs scored all their runs in the first 2 innings as they shut out the Pittsburgh Pirates 4-0 before 3,114 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago.

Pete Ward's 2-run double climaxed a 4-run 8th inning for the Chicago White Sox as they came back from a 3-0 deficit to defeat the California Angels 4-3 before 6,167 fans at Anaheim Stadium.

John Kennedy made an error on a ground ball by Jerry Adair with 2 out in the top of the 8th inning, allowing Joe Foy to score, breaking a 1-1 tie as the Kansas City Royals edged the Seattle Pilots 2-1 before 3,611 fans at Sick's Stadium in Seattle in the first game played between the two first-year American League expansion teams. Roger Nelson allowed 6 hits and 1 earned run in 8 2/3 innings to win the pitchers' duel over Mike Marshall, who allowed 6 hits and 1 earned run in pitching a complete game. The Pilots loaded the bases with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th, but Dave Wickersham relieved Mr. Nelson and retired Mike Hegan on a foul popup to end the game.

40 years ago
1979


Hit parade
#1 single in Rhodesia (Lyons Maid): Le Freak--Chic (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Tragedy--Bee Gees (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Bright Eyes--Art Garfunkel

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Bright Eyes--Art Garfunkel

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Lay Your Love on Me--Racey (2nd week at #1)
2 In the Navy--Village People
3 Lucky Number--Lene Lovich
4 Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground)--The Jacksons
5 Fire!--Pointer Sisters
6 Stir it Up--Bob Marley & the Wailers
7 Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday--Boney M.
8 I Will Survive--Gloria Gaynor
9 Ruthless Queen--Kayak
10 Born to Be Alive--Patrick Hernandez

Singles entering the chart were Save Me by Clout (#26); Hallelujah by Milk & Honey #28); Por un Poco de Tu Amor by Julio Iglesias (#34); So Lonely by the Police (#35); and Jantje's S.O.S. by Arno & Gradje (#38).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 What a Fool Believes--The Doobie Brothers
2 I Will Survive--Gloria Gaynor
3 Knock on Wood--Amii Stewart
4 Sultans of Swing--Dire Straits
5 Music Box Dancer--Frank Mills
6 Tragedy--Bee Gees
7 Reunited--Peaches & Herb
8 Heart of Glass--Blondie
9 Stumblin' In--Suzi Quatro & Chris Norman
10 Lady--Little River Band

Singles entering the chart were Little Bit of Soap by Nigel Olsson (#73); Deeper than the Night by Olivia Newton-John (#79); Gone Long Gone by Chicago (#84); Star Love by Cheryl Lynn (#85); One Chain (Don't Make No Prison) by Santana (#87); Dancin' Fool by Frank Zappa (#88); When You're in Love with a Beautiful Woman by Dr. Hook (#90); (Boogie Woogie) Dancin' Shoes by Claudja Barry (#91); One More Minute by Saint Tropez (#93); and Walk on By by AWB (#94).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 What a Fool Believes--The Doobie Brothers (2nd week at #1)
2 Music Box Dancer--Frank Mills
3 Knock on Wood--Amii Stewart
4 Tragedy--Bee Gees
5 Sultans of Swing--Dire Straits
6 Heart of Glass--Blondie
7 I Will Survive--Gloria Gaynor
8 Do Ya Think I'm Sexy?--Rod Stewart
9 Stumblin' In--Suzi Quatro & Chris Norman
10 Reunited--Peaches & Herb

Singles entering the chart were Deeper than the Night by Olivia Newton-John (#82); When You're in Love with a Beautiful Woman by Dr. Hook (#85); One Chain (Don't Make No Prison) by Santana (#86); Gone Long Gone by Chicago (#87); Dancer by Gino Soccio (#90); and Dancin' Fool by Frank Zappa (#96).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Tragedy--Bee Gees (4th week at #1)
2 I Just Fall in Love Again--Anne Murray
3 What a Fool Believes--The Doobie Brothers
4 I Will Survive--Gloria Gaynor
5 Shake Your Groove Thing--Peaches & Herb
6 Sultans of Swing--Dire Straits
7 Lady--Little River Band
8 Every Time I Think of You--The Babys
9 Knock on Wood--Amii Stewart
10 Forever in Blue Jeans--Neil Diamond

Singles entering the chart were I Only Want to Get Up and Dance by the Raes (#84); Rhumba Girl by Nicolette Larson (#90); Disco Nights (Rock Freak) by G.Q. (#91); Good Times Roll by the Cars (#93); Take it Back by the J. Geils Band (#94); Give Me an Inch by Ian Matthews (#95); Diamonds by Chris Rea (#96); The Last Time I Felt Like This by Johnny Mathis and Jane Olivor (#97); Saturday Night, Sunday Morning by Thelma Houston (#98); Away from You by the Cooper Brothers (#99); and I Never Said I Love You by Orsa Lia (#100).

Diplomacy
A Chinese delegation flew to Hanoi in an attempt to settle issues that led to the border war with Vietnam.

Crime
A Pennsylvania State House subcommittee charged that "police lawlessness" in Philadelphia sometimes reached "homicidal" levels. The United States Civil Rights Commission set early hearings on police brutality.

Disasters
Flash floods in the southeastern United States claimed 9 lives as river banks overflowed, forcing 5,000 to flee their homes in Alabama and Mississippi.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Preliminary Round
Vancouver 2 @ Philadelphia 7 (Philadelphia won best-of-three series 2-1)
Pittsburgh 4 @ Buffalo 3 (OT) (Pittsburgh won best-of-three series 2-1)

George Ferguson scored at 4:17 of the 3rd period to tie the score and 47 seconds into the 1st overtime period to win the game as the Penguins eliminated the Sabres at War Memorial Auditorium. Jim Hamilton scored the first 2 Pittsburgh goals. It was the last game as head coach of the Sabres for Billy Inglis, who had replaced the fired Marcel Pronovost in mid-season.

WHL
The Calgary Wranglers beat the Lethbridge Broncos 4-2 to even their playoff series at 2 games each.

30 years ago
1989


Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Looking for Freedom--David Hasselhoff (3rd week at #1)

Music
Nova Scotia singer Rita MacNeil made her U.S. concert debut at the 1,200-seat Berklee Performance Centre in Boston.

Economics and finance
U.S. President George Bush announced that he and Congressional leaders had reached an agreement on the framework for the federal budget for the fiscal year of 1990. Their budget projected a deficit of $99.4 billion, just under the mandated limit of $100 billion. There were $8.5 billion projected in increased revenues and $4.7 billion in defense cuts. Domestic spending and interest would be reduced by $9.1 billion. The question of where the $5.3 billion in new tax revenue would be found had yet to be worked out.

The United States Commerce Department reported that the U.S. merchandise trade deficit had risen sharply to $10.5 billion in February. The U.S. Labor Department reported that the producer price index had risen only 0.4% in March after rising a full percentage point in each of the prior two months.

25 years ago
1994


Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Jos sulla on toinen--Taikapeili (3rd week at #1)

Television
The U.S. cable network Turner Classic Movies began broadcasting.

War
In a friendly fire incident during Operation Provide Comfort in northern Iraq, two U.S. Air Force aircraft mistakenly shot down two U.S. Army helicopters, killing 26 people.

Scandal
Executives representing seven major tobacco companies testified before the U.S. House of Representatives Energy and Commerce subcommittee on health and the environment. The executives encountered generally hostile questioning as they stated that they did not believe that cigarettes were addictive and said that they did not know if cigarettes caused or contributed to major illnesses. The executives acknowledged that their companies could control the nicotine content of cigarettes through the blending of different tobbacos, but said that the blending was done to enhance flavour, not to make cigarettes addictive. The executives denied assertions by committee members that the companies were targeting their advertising at young people.

Politics and government
South African President F.W. de Klerk and his leading challenger for the presidency, Nelson Mandela, engaged in a pre-election debate that was broadcast on television and radio.

20 years ago
1999


Died on this date
Ellen Corby, 87
. U.S. actress. Mrs. Corby was a character actress in various movies and television programs, and was nominated for an Academy Award for her supporting performance in I Remember Mama (1948). She was best known for playing Grandma in the television series The Waltons (1972-1981), for which she won three Emmy Awards. Mrs. Corby suffered a stroke in November 1976; she recovered, but appeared only occasionally on the program after that, including several reunion made-for-television movies through 1997.

Bill Wendell, 75. U.S. television announcer. Mr. Wendell, born William Wenzel, was an announcer on various NBC comedy and game shows from the 1950s through 1995, most notably Late Night with David Letterman (1982-1993) and Late Show with David Letterman (1993-1995).

Anthony Newley, 67. U.K. actor, singer, and songwriter. Mr. Newley achieved success as a recording artist from 1959-1962, with his singles Why (1960) and Do You Mind? (1960) reaching #1 on the British charts. He wrote songs and musicals with Leslie Bricusse, most notably the musical Stop the World--I Want to Get Off (1961), which included the song What Kind of Fool am I?. Messrs. Bricusse and Newley were nominated for an Academy Award for their song score for Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory (1971). Mr. Newley acted in various films, plays, and television programs from the late 1940s-late 1990s. He died after a long battle with cancer.

War
Yugoslavia claimed that at least 64 refugees had been killed that day on a roadway by NATO aircraft; NATO confirmed the next day that the civilians had been "mistakenly" killed in the belief that they were part of a military convoy.

Diplomacy
Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji visited St. John's, Newfoundland, where the mayor flew the flag of Tibet from city hall.

The United States criticized Israel's ongoing construction of new settlements on the West Bank.

Defense
Pakistan tested an intermediate-range ballistic missile capable of carrying a nuclear warhead, three days after India had done the same. In accord with a February agreement, each country told the other in advance of the tests.

Politics and government
Former Vice President Dan Quayle announced that he would seek the 2000 Republican Party nomination for President of the United States. Speaking in his home town of Huntington, Indiana, Mr. Quayle urged a 30% tax cut for all, and stressed his foreign policy experience.

The six rivals of former foreign minister Abdelaziz Bouteflika for the presidency of Algeria pulled out of the contest, claiming the election was a fraud.

Scandal
Anwar bin Ibrahim, former Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia, was convicted on four counts of corruption and was sentenced to six years in prison. Mr. Ibrahim, who had been charged with trying to prevent an investigation into his alleged adultery and sodomy, blamed the verdict on the regime of Prime Minister Daruk Seri bin Mohamad. Mr. Ibrahim's case had attracted international attention, and prompted widespread demonstrations in Malaysia.

Law
Kenneth Starr, the independent counsel investigating the scandals of U.S. President Bill Clinton, advised Congress not to renew the 1978 law that had been the basis of his authority. Testifying before the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee, Mr. Starr defended his own investigation, but said that the independent counsel act did not give the attorney general enough flexibility in deciding when to appoint an outside counsel to investigate alleged wrongdoing by high-level officials.

Disasters
A severe hailstorm struck Sydney, Australia, causing A$2.3 billion in insured damages, the most costly natural disaster in Australian history.

10 years ago
2009


Died on this date
Maurice Druon, 90
. French author. Mr. Druon was known for Les Rois maudits (The Accursed Kings), a series of seven novels published from 1955-1977. He also served as France's Minister of Cultural Affirs (1973-1974) and as "Perpetual Secretary" (chairman) of the Académie française from 1985-1999. Mr. Druon died nine days before his 91st birthday.

Saturday, 20 April 2019

April 13, 2019

500 years ago
1519


Born on this date
Catherine de' Medici
. Queen consort of France, 1547-1559. Catherine, the daughter of Lorenzo II de' Medici and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne, married the future King Henry II of France in 1533, and became queen consort when he acceded to the throne in 1547. She was the mother of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III, serving as regent for Charles IX from 1560-1563. Queen Catherine, perhaps the most powerful woman in Europe in the 16th century, died on January 5, 1689 at the age of 69.

225 years ago
1794


Died on this date
Nicolas Chamfort, 53
. French author and playwright. Mr. Chamfort, born Sébastien-Roch Nicolas, was known for his epigrams and aphorisms. He was secretary to his cousin the Prince de Condé in the late 1770s, but supported the French Revolution and was one of the first to enter the Bastille when it was stormed in 1789. Mr. Chamfort eventually turned against the excesses of the revolution, and attempted suicide in September 1793; he was unsuccessful, but suffered greatly until his death, a week after his 53rd birthday.

190 years ago
1829


Politics and government
The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 received royal assent, giving Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom the right to vote and to sit in Parliament.

170 years ago
1849


Europeana
Lajos Kossuth presented the Hungarian Declaration of Independence in a closed session of the National Assembly.

160 years ago
1859


Academia
By an Act of the Legislature, King's College was transformed into the University of New Brunswick, with its new charter guaranteeing a non-denominational provincial institution open to all students regardless of religious persuasion.

130 years ago
1889


Born on this date
Herbert Yardley
. U.S. cryptographer. Mr. Yardley founded and led the American Black Chamber, a cryptographic organization, breaking Japanese codes during the Washington Naval Conference of 1921-1922. He helped the Chinese Nationalists from 1938-1940 in breaking Japanese codes, and worked briefly for the Canadian government in 1941. Mr. Yardley died on August 7, 1958 at the age of 69, after suffering a stroke.

125 years ago
1894


Born on this date
Arthur Fadden
. Prime Minister of Australia, 1941. Sir Arthur, a member of the Country Party, served in the federal House of Representatives from 1936-1958. On August 29, 1941, he became Prime Minister when he was chosen to lead the United Australia Party, a coalition between the Country Party and the National Party that formed the government. Mr. Fadden's budget was defeated on a vote in the House of Representatives on October 3, and Mr. Fadden submitted his government's resignation to Governor General Lord Gowrie that day. Opposition leader John Curtin was officially sworn in as Prime Minister on October 7, ending Mr. Fadden's brief time in office. Sir Arthur died on April 21, 1973, eight days after his 79th birthday.

Joie Ray. U.S. runner. Mr. Ray was a distance runner who set world records for 1 mile and 2 miles. He represented the United States in the Summer Olympic Games in 1920, 1924, and 1928, winning a bronze medal in the 3,000-metre team run in 1924. Mr. Ray died on May 13, 1978, a month after his 84th birthday.

120 years ago
1899


Born on this date
Harold Osborn
. U.S. athlete. Mr. Osborn won gold medals in the decathlon and men's high jump at the 1924 Summer Olympic Games in Paris; he remains the only competitor to win gold medals in the decathlon and an individual event. Mr. Osborn competed in the high jump in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, just failing to win a medal. He died on April 5, 1975, eight days before his 76th birthday.

Alfred Mosher Butts. U.S. architect and game creator. Mr. Butts was unemployed in the early 1930s when he invented the board game Scrabble, which combined crossword puzzles and anagrams. He eventually sold he rights to the game to James Brunot. Mr. Butts also created Alfreds Other Game, a word game which first appeared in 1985. He died on April 4, 1993, nine days before his 94th birthday.

Died on this date
James Service, 75
. U.K.-born Australian politician. Mr. Service, a native of Scotland, moved to Australia in 1853, and became a businessman and banker in Melbourne. He had a career in politics spanning more than 40 years, and served as Premier of Victoria from March-August 1880 and 1883-1886.

110 years ago
1909


Born on this date
Eudora Welty
. U.S. authoress. Miss Welty wrote novels and short stories about the American South in a career spanning more than 50 years, and received numerous awards, including the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1973 for her novel The Optimist's Daughter. She died on July 23, 2001 at the age of 92.

World events
The Ottoman countercoup of 1909 took place. It was an attempt to dismantle the Second Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire and replace it with an autocracy under Sultan/Caliph Abdul Hamid II. The countercoup was overthrown 11 days later.

100 years ago
1919


Born on this date
Madalyn Murray O'Hair
. U.S. atheist. Mrs. O'Hair founded American Atheists in 1963; she was best known for initiating the case Murray v. Curlett, resulting in the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in 1963 that compulsory Bible-reading in public schools was unconstitutional. Her son Bill, the named plaintiff in the case, became a Christian in 1980 and was disowned by his mother. Jon Garth Murray, Bill's half-brother, was named president of American Atheists in 1986, although his mother still effectively ran the organization. Mrs. O'Hair, Jon Garth Murray, and her granddaughter Robin Murray O'Hair disappeared from Austin, Texas and were murdered on September 29, 1995; Mrs. O'Hair was 76 at the time of her death. Former American Atheists employee and convicted felon David Roland Waters was convicted of the murders, and led authorities to the bodies in 2001. It's ironic that the deceased spent their lives fighting against God and His people, and were murdered by one of their own.

Howard Keel. U.S. actor and singer. Mr. Keel acted in Broadway musicals before starring in movie musicals such as Annie Get Your Gun (1950); Show Boat (1951); Calamity Jane (1953); Kiss Me Kate (1953); Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (1954); and Kismet (1955). He was a member of the cast of the television series Dallas from 1981-1991. Mr. Keel died on November 7, 2004 at the age of 85.

Abominations
British troops gunned down at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar, India; at least 1,200 were wounded.

90 years ago
1929


At the movies
The Letter, directed by Jean di Limur, and starring Jeanne Eagels and O.P. Heggie, opened in theatres.



80 years ago
1939


Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Boston 2 @ Toronto 0 (Boston led best-of-seven series 3-1)

Roy Conacher scored in the 1st and 3rd period, and Frank Brimsek posted a shutout in goal as the Bruins blanked the Maple Leafs at Maple Leaf Gardens.

Baseball
The New York Yankees defeated the Brooklyn Dodgers 13-5 in a spring training game in Norfolk, Virginia. New York first baseman Lou Gehrig, who had had a poor spring, had 4 hits in 5 at bats, including 2 home runs. They were the last home runs he ever hit.

75 years ago
1944


Died on this date
Cécile Chaminade, 76
. French musician and composer. Miss Chaminade was a popular concert pianist from the 1870s through the 1910s. She composed Romantic piano works and songs; her works were popular in their time, but became forgotten after her death, although they've received some radio airplay in recent years.

War
Soviet forces captured the Crimean capital of Simferopol and the ports of Feodosia and Yevpatoria. Australian forces occupied Bogadjim on the north coast of New Guinea and made contact with enemy patrols along the road to the larger base of Madang.

Diplomacy
The U.S.S.R. and New Zealand agreed to establish diplomatic relations and exchange ambassadors.

Politics and government
Judge Delbert Metzger rejected the testimony of U.S. Navy Admiral Chester Nimitz and U.S. Army Lieutenant General Robert Richardson that martial law was still necessary, and ruled that military government in Hawaii was invalid.

U.S. Senator Burnet Maybank (Democrat--South Carolina) said that southern states would resist the U.S. Supreme Court ruling opening primary elections to Negroes.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Chicago 4 @ Montreal 5 (OT) (Montreal won best-of-seven series 4-0)

Toe Blake scored at 9:12 of the 1st overtime period at the Montreal Forum to give the Canadiens their first Stanley Cup championship since 1931. The Black Hawks led 4-1 halfway through the 3rd period, but Elmer Lach scored his second goal of the game at 10:02 to make it 4-2, and Rocket Richard scored at 16:05 and 17:20 to tie the score. George Allen scored twice for Chicago.

70 years ago
1949


War
Israel and Syria agreed to a cease-fire pending continued armistice talks.

Diplomacy
The United Nations General Assembly's Steering Committee delayed a final decision on Israel's admission to the UN, to indicate disapproval of Israeli opposition to the internalization of Jerusalem.

Defense
The U.S. House of Representatives passed and sent to the Senate a $15-billion defense budget for fiscal 1950, including funds for a 70-group Air Force.

Crime
Frank Meyer, former director of Communist educational activities in Chicago, appeared as a prosecution witness in the New York trial of 11 U.S. Communist leaders, and testified that Party courses advocated the violent overthrow of American democracy.

Energy
U.S. President Harry Truman urged Congress to authorize the creation of a Columbia Valley Administration, modelled on the Tennessee Valley Authority, to provide federal power, irrigation, and flood control programs for the Pacific Northwest.

Economics and finance
The Western Allies announced their willingness to let West Germany keep most factories currently marked for dismantling as reparations.

Business
Montgomery Ward board chairman Sewell Avery gained control over the company, following the resignation of four vice presidents in a management dispute.

Disasters
The Pacific Northwest of North America's worst recorded earthquake struck a 150,000-square-mile area in Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia, causing eight deaths.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Detroit 1 @ Toronto 3 (Toronto led best-of-seven series 3-0)

Bill Ezinicki, Ted Kennedy, and Gus Mortson scored to give the Maple Leafs their win over the Red Wings at Maple Leaf Gardens. Jack Stewart scored to give Detroit an early lead. Turk Broda outdueled Harry Lumley in goal.

Basketball
BAA
Finals
Washington 56 @ Minneapolis 77 (Minneapolis won best-of-seven series 4-2)

George Mikan scored 29 points to lead the Lakers over the Capitols before 10,482 fans at Minneapolis Auditorium. Kleggie Hermsen led Washington scorers with 12 points. It was the first BAA championship for the Lakers and the last game for the Basketball Association of America before it merged with the National Basketball League to become the National Basketball Association.

60 years ago
1959


Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Mariquilla--José Luís y su Guitarra (9th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Come Softly to Me--The Fleetwoods
2 Venus--Frankie Avalon
3 Pink Shoe Laces--Dodie Stevens
4 It's Just a Matter of Time--Brook Benton
5 Tragedy--Thomas Wayne with the DeLons
6 Never Be Anyone Else But You--Ricky Nelson
7 Charlie Brown--The Coasters
8 (Now and Then There's) A Fool Such as I--Elvis Presley
9 Guitar Boogie Shuffle--The Virtues
10 I Need Your Love Tonight--Elvis Presley

Singles entering the chart were Goodbye Jimmy, Goodbye by Kathy Linden (#70); The Kissing Tree (#76)/Bonaparte's Retreat (#87) by Billy Grammer; The Walls Have Ears by Patti Page (#78); I Still Get a Thrill (Thinking of You) by Joni James (#81); I Think I'm Gonna Kill Myself by Buddy Knox (#88); Jo-Jo the Dog-Faced Boy by Annette (#90); I've Come of Age by Billy Storm (#91); Lonely for You by Gary Stites (#94); Quiet Village by Martin Denny (#95); My Heart is an Open Book by Carl Dobkins, Jr. (#96); Little Queenie by Chuck Berry (#98); You Can't Be True Dear by the Mary Kaye Trio (#99); and Kansas City by Wilbert Harrison (#100).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 (Now and Then There's) A Fool Such as I/I Need Your Love Tonight--Elvis Presley (2nd week at #1)
2 Guitar Boogie Shuffle--The Virtues
3 It's Late/Never Be Anyone Else But You--Ricky Nelson
4 Venus--Frankie Avalon
5 Come Softly to Me--The Fleetwoods
6 Pink Shoe Laces--Dodie Stevens
7 The Tijuana Jail--The Kingston Trio
8 Sea Cruise--Frankie Ford
9 Raw-Hide--Link Wray and the Wraymen
10 It Doesn't Matter Anymore--Buddy Holly

Singles entering the chart were Goodbye Jimmy, Goodbye by Kathy Linden (#53); Quiet Village by Martin Denny #58); I Think I'm Gonna Kill Myself by Buddy Knox (#59); and Jo-Jo the Dog-Faced Boy by Annette (#60).

Died on this date
Eduard van Beinum, 57
. Dutch orchestra conductor. Mr. van Beinum began his musical career as a violinist and pianist before moving into conducting. He led several orchestras, most notably Amsterdam's Concertgebouw Orchestra, becoming second conductor in 1931 and eventually serving as principal conductor. Mr. van Beinum suffered from heart problems for years, and was conducting a rehearsal of the Concertgebouw Orchestra when he suffered a fatal heart attack on the podium.

Space
The U.S. Air Force launched a 1,600-pound Discoverer II satellite into a polar orbit from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California.

Diplomacy
The Indian Foreign Ministry announced that the exiled Dalai Lama would be given residence in Mussourie, a former Himalayan resort 150 miles from New Delhi.

Defense
James Wadsworth, U.S. delegation chief to the Geneva test ban talks, proposed a ban on all nuclear detonations in the lower atmosphere and underwater as part of a step-by-step international accord to prohibit all nuclear testing.

Arriving in New York for talks with U.S. military leaders, West German Defense Minister Franz Josef Strauss said that he doubted that Soviet leaders would risk war for attainment of their demands in Europe.

Crime
Vito Genovese, alleged head of an international drug ring, was sentenced in New York to 15 years in prison and fined $20,000 for conspiracy to violate federal narcotics laws. He also became subject to deportation to his native Italy.

50 years ago
1969


Died on this date
Alfred Karindi, 67
. Estonian conductor and composer. Mr. Karindi was an organist who taught music for many years and conducted choirs. He wrote choral music as well as works for organ, orchestral music, and chamber pieces.

World events
Four Muslims from the Basrah region of Iraq, charged with being spies for the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, were hanged in Baghdad, bringing the number executed as spies since January to 26. Baghdad radio termed the hangings "a victory for the Palestinian cause and Vietnam."

Disasters
Melting snow was causing rivers in the Midwestern United States to swell to record levels against bolstered dikes, leaving 8,000 people homeless.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Quarter-Finals
Los Angeles 5 @ Oakland 3 (Los Angeles won best-of-seven series 4-3)

Semi-Finals
Boston 3 @ Montreal 4 (OT) (Montreal led best-of-seven series 2-0)

Johnny Bucyk scored with 5:48 remaining in regulation time to give the Bruins a 3-2 lead, but Serge Savard scored with 1:09 remaining to tie the score, and Mickey Redmond scored at 4:55 of the 1st overtime period to give the Canadiens their second straight overtime win over the Bruins at the Montreal Forum.

CHL
Adams Cup
Finals
Dallas 2 @ Oklahoma City 5 (Oklahoma City led best-of-seven series 1-0)

Tom Webster scored 3 goals for the Blazers as they defeated the Black Hawks.

40 years ago
1979


Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Y.M.C.A.--Village People (10th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Dschinghis Khan--Dschinghis Khan

#1 single in France (IFOP): Born to Be Alive--Patrick Hernandez (7th week at #1)

War
Rhodesian commandos raided the headquarters of the Patriotic Front in Lusaka, Zambia in an attempt to kill or kidnap guerrilla leader Joshua Nkomo. 10 were killed in the raid.

Diplomacy
In retaliation for South Africa's expulsion of three American embassy officials the previous day, the United States ordered two military attaches to leave Washington.

Hockey
The Calgary Wranglers defeated the Lethbridge Broncos 6-2, reducing the Broncos' lead in their Western Hockey League playoff series to 2 games to 1.

30 years ago
1989


Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Finnish Singles Chart): Like a Prayer--Madonna (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): When Love Comes to Town--U2 featuring BB King

War
At least 6 Palestinians were killed in an Israeli raid on the West Bank village of Nahalin.

Scandal
The Wall Street securities firm Drexel Burnham Lambert Inc. settled civil charges brought against it by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Under the settlement, DBL would be under probation for three years; would pay a fine of $15 million; would put $350 million in a fund for those injured by its violations; would dismiss junk-bond "king" Michael Milken; and would appoint or elect leaders acceptable to the SEC. DBL had previously pleaded guilty to criminal charges.

25 years ago
1994


Terrorism
A Palestinian suicide bomber detonated explosives in a bus station in Hadera, Israel, killing 5 Israelis and wounding about 30 others.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that the index of consumer prices had risen 0.3% in March.

20 years ago
1999


Died on this date
Willi Stoph, 84
. Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) of East Germany, 1964-1973; 1976-1989. Mr. Stoph joined the Communist Party in 1931 and was one of the longest-serving members of East Germany's Communist government. He and his 44-member cabinet resigned on November 7, 1989 in response to public pressure.

War
Serbian troops briefly seized an Albanian border post.

Crime
"Dr." Jack Kevorkian was sentenced in Pontiac, Michigan to 10-25 years in prison for the second-degree murder of a man whose assisted suicide was videotaped and shown on the television news program 60 Minutes.

10 years ago
2009


Died on this date
Harry Kalas, 73
. U.S. sportscaster. Mr. Kalas was best known as a baseball play-by-play broadcaster on radio. He called the games of the Hawaii Islanders of the Pacific Coast League (1961-1964) and Houston Astros (1965-1970), but was best known as the voice of the Philadelphia Phillies (1971-2009). He also broadcast football games, and was a narrator for NFL Films. Mr. Kalas died of heart disease a few hours after collapsing in the press box of Nationals Park in Washington, where he was scheduled to call that night's game between the Phillies and the Washington Nationals.

Bruce Snyder, 69. U.S. football player and coach. Mr. Snyder was a fullback with the University of Oregon Ducks from 1960-1963, and began his college coaching career there as an assistant (1966-1972). He was an assistant coach at three other universities and with the Los Angeles Rams (1983-1986), but was better known as a head coach at the Utah State University (1976-1982); University of California (1987-1991); and Arizona State University (1992-2000), compiling a record of 125-106-6. Mr. Snyder won numerous awards in 1996, when he led the Sun Devils to a record of 11-1, and came within 19 seconds of winning the 1997 Rose Bowl. Mr. Snyder died of melanoma.

Mark Fidrych, 54. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Fidrych, nicknamed "The Bird" because of his resemblance to the character Big Bird on the television program Sesame Street, played with the Detroit Tigers from 1976-1980, compiling a record of 29-19 with an earned run average of 3.10 in 58 games. He made the Tigers as a non-roster player in spring training in 1976, and didn't make his first start until mid-May, but quickly became a sensation, talking to the ball, circling the mound after each out, and applauding and shaking hands with his teammates after they made spectacular plays. Mr. Fidrych finished the 1976 season with a 19-9 record, leading the American League in complete games (24) and earned run average (2.24), and was named the AL's Rookie of the Year. His starts accounted for two-thirds of the Tigers' home attendance in 1976. A knee injury in spring training delayed the start of Mr. Fidrych's 1977 season, and he lost his first two starts, but won six in a row before suffering a torn rotator cuff in his right shoulder, an injury that wasn't diagnosed until 1985. He lost his next two starts, and pitched just 16 major league games after that. Mr. Fidrych pitched in the minor leagues as a Boston Red Sox farmhand in 1981-1982, but his mechanics were faulty, and he was released after spring training in 1983. He returned to his native Massachusetts and lived on a farm with his family, never expressing bitterness about his short baseball career. Mr. Fidrych remained probably the most popular player in Detroit Tigers history. He died of accidental suffocation while working under his truck on his farm.

Saturday, 13 April 2019

April 12, 2019

1,060 years ago
959


Born on this date
En'yū
. Emperor of Japan, 969-984. En'yū, born Morihira-shinnō, succeeded his uncle Reizei on the Chrysanthemum Throne. He abdicated at the age of 26, and became a Buddhist priest. En'yū died on March 1, 991 at the age of 31.

220 years ago
1799


Born on this date
Henri Druey
. President of the Swiss Confederation, 1850. Mr. Druey was a member of the Free Democratic Party and a founder of constitutional democracy in Switzerland. He held various cabinet posts from 1848-1855, and was Minister of Finance from 1853 until his death on March 29, 1855, two weeks before his 56th birthday.

150 years ago
1869


Born on this date
Henri Landru
. French criminal. Mr. Landru, better known as "Bluebeard," was known to have murdered at least 10 women and a young man from December 1914-January 1919, although the actual number of victims was probably higher. He was convicted on November 30, 1921 of 11 murders, and was guillotined outside the gates of the Prison Saint-Pierre in Versailles on February 25, 1922 at the age of 52.

140 years ago
1879


Died on this date
Dick Taylor, 53
. C.S. military officer and politician. Lieutenant General Taylor, the only son of U.S. President Zachary Taylor, was a member of the Whig Party and then the "Know-Nothing" party before finally joining the Democratic Party, and served in the Louisiana State Senate from 1855-1861. He served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, where his knowledge of military history enabled him to achieve a distinguished record. Lt. Col. Taylor died of dropsy.

125 years ago
1894


Born on this date
Francisco Craveiro Lopes
. 12th President of Portugal, 1951-1958. Marshal of the Air Force Craveiro Lopes was Governor-General of Portuguese India from 1936-1938, and was chosen by Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar as the National Union's candidate for President, winning election when the only other candidate withdrew before the election. He was bypassed by Mr. Salazar for renomination in 1958, and declined to accept the Democratic Opposition's offer of the presidential nomination. Mr. Creveiro Lopes was involved in a failed attempt by the military to overthrow Mr. Salazar in 1961, and died on September 2, 1964 at the age of 70.

Dorothy Cumming. Australian-born U.S. actress. Miss Cumming was a silent film actress who began her career in Australia before moving to the United States in 1916. Her movies included The King of Kings (1927); Our Dancing Daughters (1928); and The Wind (1928). Miss Cumming died on December 10, 1983 at the age of 89.

110 years ago
1909


Born on this date
Eric McNair
. U.S. baseball player. Mr. McNair was a utility infielder with the Philadelphia Athletics (1929-1935, 1942); Boston Red Sox (1936-1938); Chicago White Sox (1939-1940); and Detroit Tigers (1941-1942), batting .274 with 82 home runs and 633 runs batted in in 1,251 games. The Athletics won the American League pennant in each of his first three seasons and World Series championships in the first two; he played in the 1930 and 1931 World Series, batting 0 for 3 with a run in 3 games. Mr. McNair's wife died in childbirth in 1937, and he never recovered from the tragedy. He was managing the Savannah Indians of the Class A South Atlantic League in 1948 when he had to resign because of heart problems, and he died of a heart attack on March 11, 1949, 32 days before his 40th birthday.

Baseball
Philadelphia's Shibe Park, the first modern concrete-and-steel ballpark, was dedicated as a record crowd of 30,162 saw 18-year-old John "Stuffy" McInnis make his major league debut at shortstop for the Athletics. Eddie Plank pitched Philadelphia to an 8-1 win over the Boston Red Sox‚ allowing 6 hits. Philadelphia catcher Mike "Doc" Powers had 1 hit in 4 at bats with a run scored, but injured himself going after a foul pop‚ and after the game complained of intestinal pains (other versions have the pain due to a sandwich or twisting himself in an unusual fashion). The 38-year-old was operated on the next day‚ but did not survive the month‚ the first major league death this century caused by an on-field injury.

The New York Highlanders opened the season under new manager George Stallings‚ losing 4-1 to the Nationals at American League Park in Washington. Washington scored 3 runs in the 1st inning off journeyman Doc Newton to pave the way for Charlie Smith, who allowed just 4 hits and struck out 10 to get the win.

100 years ago
1919


Born on this date
Billy Vaughn
. U.S. musician. Mr. Vaughn played numerous instruments and sang with the Hilltoppers, but was best known as a bandleader and musical director with Dot Records from 1954-1972. His orchestra performed music that virtually defines the term "easy listening," and placed 42 singles on the Billboard pop chart and 36 albums on the Billboard album chart. Mr. Vaughn died on September 26, 1991 at the age of 72.

István Anhalt. Hungarian-born Canadian composer. Mr. Anhalt emigrated to Canada in 1949, served as a professor of music at McGill University, and was head of music at Queen's University. He was a pioneer in the composition of electronic music, and died on February 24, 2012 at the age of 92.

75 years ago
1944


War
Allied counterattacks relieved Japanese pressure on the city of Kohima in the Indian state of Manipur.

Politics and government
King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy announced that he would "irrevocably" withdraw from public affairs in favour of his son Crown Prince Humbert on the day that Allied troops would enter Rome.

Economics and finance
The U.S. National Industrial Conference Board released a report on the cost of living, putting the rise at 20.8% since 1941.

Labour
An estimated 1,000 employees at a Montgomery Ward & Company Congress of Industrial Organizations union went on strike in Chicago against the company's refusal to accept a U.S. National War Labor Board order to recognize the union.

70 years ago
1949


On television tonight
Suspense, on CBS
Tonight's episode: After Dinner Story, starring Otto Kruger

This was based on a story by Cornell Woolrich.

Labour
The Newspaper Guild--then known as The Toronto Newspaper Guild Local 87, now known as the Southern Ontario Newspaper Guild (SONG)--signed its first contract in Canada, with The Toronto Star; the contract gave reporters and photographers with five years of experience $80 a week, while other staff members received $45. The Star was the “first newspaper in Canada to establish the five-day, 40-hour week for editorial employees...it now becomes the first and only Toronto daily newspaper to pay its editorial workers time-and-a-half in cash for overtime.”

60 years ago
1959


Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): La marche des gosses--Annie Cordy (5th week at #1)

On television tonight
Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on CBS
Tonight's episode: The Waxwork, starring Barry Nelson and Everett Sloane

50 years ago
1969


Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da/While My Guitar Gently Weeps--The Beatles (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Rhodesia (Lyons Maid): Crimson and Clover--Tommy James and the Shondells (4th week at #1)

#1 single in France: Oh Lady Mary--David Alexandre Winter (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Eloise--Barry Ryan

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Liebesleid--Peter Alexander

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)--Peter Sarstedt (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): I Heard It Through the Grapevine--Marvin Gaye (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Why--The Cats (4th week at #1)
2 Don Juan--Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick and Tich
3 The Walls Fell Down--The Marbles
4 First of May--The Bee Gees
5 Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)--Peter Sarstedt
6 I Can Hear Music--The Beach Boys
7 Sorry Suzanne--The Hollies
8 The Last Seven Days--Gloria
9 Good Times (Better Times)--Cliff Richard
10 Ensemble--Mireille Mathieu

Singles entering the chart were Goodbye by Mary Hopkin (#15); De Troubador by Lenny Kuhr (#21); Welcome to My House by Left Side (#31); Boom Bang-a-Bang by Lulu (#33); You've Made Me So Very Happy by Blood, Sweat & Tears (#36); and Mendocino by Sir Douglas Quintet (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In (The Flesh Failures)--The 5th Dimension
2 You've Made Me So Very Happy--Blood, Sweat & Tears
3 Dizzy--Tommy Roe
4 Galveston--Glen Campbell
5 Time of the Season--The Zombies
6 Only the Strong Survive--Jerry Butler
7 It's Your Thing--The Isley Brothers
8 Hair--The Cowsills
9 Run Away Child, Running Wild--The Temptations
10 Twenty-Five Miles--Edwin Starr

Singles entering the chart were The Boxer by Simon & Garfunkel (#69); Love (Can Make You Happy) by Mercy (#72); Happy Heart by Andy Williams (#75); Buying a Book by Joe Tex (#78); Seattle by Perry Como (#82); Happy Heart by Petula Clark (#84); The River is Wide by the Grassroots (#87); Breakfast in Bed by Dusty Springfield (#91); Cissy Strut by the Meters (#93); It's a Groovy World! by the Unifics (#98); I Can't Do Enough by the Dells (#99); and Singing My Song by Tammy Wynette (#100). Seattle was the theme song of the television series Here Come the Brides.

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In (The Flesh Failures)--The 5th Dimension (2nd week at #1)
2 Dizzy--Tommy Roe
3 You've Made Me So Very Happy--Blood, Sweat & Tears
4 Galveston--Glen Campbell
5 It's Your Thing--The Isley Brothers
6 Time of the Season--The Zombies
7 Hair--The Cowsills
8 Rock Me--Steppenwolf
9 Only the Strong Survive--Jerry Butler
10 Twenty-Five Miles--Edwin Starr

Singles entering the chart were The Composer by Diana Ross and the Supremes (#68); Stand! by Sly & the Family Stone (#70); Earth Angel (Will You Be Mine) by the Vogues (#73); Atlantis by Donovan (#75); Buying a Book by Joe Tex (#76); (We've Got) Honey Love by Martha Reeves & the Vandellas (#85); Cissy Strut by the Meters (#86); Morning Girl by Neon Philharmonic (#89); Any Day Now by Percy Sledge (#90); Seattle by Perry Como (#98); Not Wrong Long by the Nazz (#99); and Sorry Suzanne by the Hollies (#100).

Calgary's Top 10 (Glenn's Music)
1 Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In (The Flesh Failures)--The 5th Dimension
2 Things I'd Like to Say--The New Colony Six
3 Indian Giver--1910 Fruitgum Co.
4 Dizzy--Tommy Roe
5 Proud Mary--Creedence Clearwater Revival
6 Gimme Gimme Good Lovin'--Crazy Elephant
7 Rock Me--Steppenwolf
8 Build Me Up Buttercup--The Foundations
9 Galveston--Glen Campbell
10 Mendocino--Sir Douglas Quintet
Pick hit of the week: Sweet Cherry Wine--Tommy James and the Shondells

Died on this date
Alexandre Banza, 36
. C.A.R. military officer and politician. Lieutenant Colonel Banza served with the French Army during the First Indochina War, and then with the armed forces of the Central African Republic. He helped Jean-Bédel Bokassa overthrow the government of President David Dacko in 1965, but eventually had a falling-out with President Bokassa, and was executed two days after his attempt at a coup was thwarted. Accounts of the manner of Lt. Col. Banza's execution differ.

War
American wounded in Vietnam for the second week of April soared to 2,691, up from 1,285 the previous week, reflecting the Viet Cong's stepped-up rocket and mortar attacks on U.S. military bases.

World events
At 3 P.M. the government of Czechoslovakia announced--and at 5 P.M. denied--that the U.S.S.R. would send more troops to that country. The Prague radio said only that the earlier broadcast was withdrawn "in view of the changed facts." There was no further explanation.

Economics and finance
Promising "an end to the era of the chronic budget deficit," U.S. President Richard Nixon outlined federal budget revisions for fiscal 1970 that would bring a surplus of $5.8 billion. Among the changes was a $5.5 billion cut in appropriations requests to $204.6 billion. The Nixon estimates of federal outlays, with a $4 billion reduction--including $1.1 billion in defense cuts and $2.9 billion in domestic outlays--came to $192.9 billion. He projected defense and military outlays at $79.4 billion and non-defense outlays at $113.5 billion. Mr. Nixon said that despite the cuts, domestic spending would rise $6.5 billion for the fiscal year, far exceeding that for "any other year in American history."

40 years ago
1979


Diplomacy
South African Prime Minister P.W. Botha ordered the expulsion of several American embassy staff members, accusing them of espionage.

Tanzania recognized the new government of Uganda, composed solely of exiled opponents of dictator Idi Amin.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Preliminary Round
Buffalo 3 @ Pittsburgh 1 (Best-of-three series tied 1-1)
Atlanta 4 @ Toronto 7 (Toronto won best-of-three series 2-0)
Philadelphia 6 @ Vancouver 4 (Best-of-three series tied 1-1)
New York Rangers 2 @ Los Angeles 1 (OT) (New York won best-of-three series 2-0)

The Maple Leafs set a Stanley Cup record as they scored 3 goals in a span of 23 seconds to open the scoring in the 1st period as they eliminated the Flames at Maple Leaf Gardens. Darryl Sittler scored at 4:04 and 4:16, and Ron Ellis scored at 4:27 to give Toronto a 3-0 lead. Pat Boutette later added 2 goals for the Maple Leafs. The game marked the end of the playing career of Paul Henderson, who finished as a member of the Flames after playing for the Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, Toronto Toros, and Birmingham Bulls.



Phil Esposito scored at 1:11 of the 3rd period to tie the score and 6:11 of the 1st overtime period to win the game as the Rangers eliminated the Kings at the Forum in Inglewood, California.

30 years ago
1989


Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Like a Prayer--Madonna (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Like a Prayer--Madonna (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Sugar Ray Robinson, 67
. U.S. boxer. Mr. Robinson, born Walker Smith, Jr., was world welterweight champion (1946-1951) and world middleweight champion (1951; 1951-1952; 1955-1957; 1957; 1958-1960). He was considered by many to be the best "pound-for-pound" fighter in history, and was the first to travel with an entourage of hangers-on. Mr. Robinson compiled a professional record of 173-19-6-2, with 108 knockouts, in a career spanning the years 1940-1965, with time out for service in the U.S. Army in 1943-1944 and a retirement from 1952-1955, when he attempted a performing career.

Abbie Hoffman, 52. U.S. activist. Mr. Hoffman co-founded the Youth International Party, popularly known as "Yippies." He was a prominent protester against the Vietnam War, and was one of the "Chicago Seven" who were tried in connection with activities at the 1968 Democratic National Convention. Mr. Hoffman was a fugitive for several years in the 1970s, but returned to a life of public protest that ended when he committed suicide with an overdose of pills washed down with liquor.

25 years ago
1994


War
United Nations aid workers reported that Serb attacks on the Bosnian Muslim city of Gorazde had caused almost 1,000 casualties.

Diplomacy
An agreement reached in Cairo provided that 9,000 Palestinian police--most to be drawn from Palestinian forces based in Jordan--would be stationed in Jericho and the Gaza Strip after the Israeli military withdrawal. Israel agreed to release 5,000 of 8,500 Palestinian prisoners that it held.

Politics and government
Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and former U.K. Foreign Secretary Lord Carrington arrived in Johannesburg with other negotiators seeking to resolve the impasse over the participation of the Zulu-based Inkatha Freedom Party in South Africa's first general-suffrage elections, scheduled for April 26-28. Zulu Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi was opposed to Zulu participation in the elections.

Communications
Canter & Siegel posted the first commercial mass Usenet spam.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that an index of prices charged by producers for finished goods had risen 0.1% to 56.7% in March.

20 years ago
1999


Died on this date
Boxcar Willie, 67
. U.S. musician. Boxcar Willie, whose real name was Lecil Travis Martin, was a country singer and songwriter who took his stage name from the title of a song he wrote. He was a U.S. Air Force sergeant who retired from the military in 1976 to pursue a musical career, and achieved popularity from then through the 1980. Mr. Martin died of leukemia.

War
NATO missiles struck a train on a bridge in Serbia, killing 10 civilians.

Weather
It was the most beautiful day of the year so far in Edmonton.

Scandal
In Little Rock, Arkansas, United States District Court Judge Susan Webber Wright held President Bill Clinton in civil contempt of court for testifying falsely in a January 1998 deposition. Judge Wright cited two "intentionally false" statements by Mr. Clinton: that he had not had sexual relations with White House intern Monica Lewinsky, and that he did not recall having been alone with her. The deposition was taken in the sexual harassment lawsuit brought against President Clinton by Paula Jones. Judge Wright fined Mr. Clinton $1,202, the cost of her trip to Washington to preside at the deposition, and ruled that he was liable for some of the costs borne by Ms. Jones. Mr. Clinton was the first sitting president ever to be held in contempt of court.

Susan McDougal, a partner of then-Governor of Arkansas Bill Clinton and Hillary Clinton in the Whitewater Development Corporation, was found not guilty of obstruction of justice by a federal jury in Little Rock. Independent counsel Kenneth Starr had indicted Mrs. McDougal for refusing to testify about the role of the Clintons in Whitewater and other matters. Mrs. McDougal and her late husband James had been convicted of fraud at an earlier trial. Mrs. McDougal told the jury that she knew of no wrongdoing by Mr. Clinton, and said that she had refused to testify because she believed that Mr. Starr was primarily interested in damaging Mr. Clinton politically. The jury deadlocked on two counts of criminal contempt of court against Mrs. McDougal, and Judge George Howard declared a mistrial on these charges.

Law
Juanita Westmorland-Traore was appointed a judge of the Quebec court, becoming the first Negro Canadian to be appointed to a judicial position by the Quebec government.

10 years ago
2009


Died on this date
Kent Douglas, 73
. Canadian hockey player. Mr. Douglas, a native of Cobalt, Ontario, played in the Western and American Hockey Leagues from 1955-62, helping the Springfield Indians win Calder Cup championships in each of the last 3 seasons, making the AHL's first All-Star team in 1961-62, and winning the Eddie Shore Award as the league's outstanding defenceman. He finally made it to the National Hockey League with the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1962, and became the first defenceman to win the Calder Memorial Trophy as the league's outstanding rookie, scoring 7 goals and 15 assists while playing all 70 regular season games, adding a goal and an assist in 10 playoff games as the Maple Leafs won the Stanley Cup. Mr. Douglas remained with the Toronto organization through 1967 and played with them for part of their championship seasons of 1963-64 and 1966-67, but was in the minors during the playoffs in both seasons. He played with the California/Oakland Seals (1967-68) and Detroit Red Wings (1968-69), and returned to the minors for the next three years, making the AHL's second All-Star team with the Baltimore Clippers in 1970-71. Mr. Douglas played with the New York Raiders in the initial season of the World Hockey Association in 1972-73, and then returned to the minors for the next three seasons, finishing his career with the Clippers in 1975-76. He died of cancer in Wasaga Beach, Ontario.

April 11, 2019

330 years ago
1689


Britannica
William III and Mary II were crowned at Westminster as joint sovereigns.

225 years ago
1794


Born on this date
Edward Everett
. U.S. politician and diplomat. Mr. Everett was a Unitarian pastor who was associated with several political parties, most notably the Whig Party from 1834-1854. He represented Massachusetts' 4th District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1825-1835); was Governor of Massachusetts (1836-1840); served as U.S. Minister to the United Kingdom (1841-1845); was U.S. Secretary of State in the administration of President Millard Fillmore (1852-1853); and represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate (1853-1854). Mr. Everett was the best-known orator in the United States, and was the featured speaker at the dedication of Gettysburg National Cemetery in November 1863; his two-hour speech immediately preceded President Abraham Lincoln's two-minute Gettysburg Address. Mr. Everett died at the age of 70 on January 15, 1865, six days after catching a bad cold.

210 years ago
1809


War
British forces commanded by Admiral Lord Gambier and French forces commanded by Vice Admiral Zacharie Allemand began the naval Battle of the Basque Roads at the mouth of the Charente River on the Biscay coast of France.

200 years ago
1819


Born on this date
Charles Hallé
. German-born U.K. musician and conductor. Mr. Hallé, born Karl Halle, was a concert pianist who was a child prodigy, and moved to England after the revolutions of 1848. In 1858 he founded the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester, which continues today. Mr. Hallé died on October 25, 1895 at the age of 76.

150 years ago
1869


Born on this date
Gustav Vigeland
. Norwegian sculptor. Mr. Vigeland, born Adolf Gustav Thorsen, was regarded as Norway's most talented sculptor. He designed the Vigeland installation (Vigelandsanlegget) in Oslo's Frogner Park, and also designed the Nobel Peace Prize medal. Mr. Vigeland died on March 12, 1943, 30 days before his 74th birthday.

120 years ago
1899


War
The Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish-American War, went into effect as the documents of ratification were exchanged.

110 years ago
1909


Asiatica
The city of Tel Aviv was founded.

100 years ago
1919


Politics and government
The constitution of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was enacted; the government was formed two days later.

80 years ago
1939


Died on this date
S.S. Van Dine, 50
. U.S. author. Mr. Van Dine, whose real name was Willard Huntington Wright, was an art critic who became an author of crime fiction, writing under the name S.S. Van Dine in 12 novels featuring the detective Philo Vance, published from 1926-1939. He created another fictional detective, Dr. Crabtree, a character in 12 short films from 1931-1932. Mr. Van Dine died from a heart condition exacerbated by heavy drinking.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Boston 3 @ Toronto 1 (Boston led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Bobby Bauer, Roy Conacher, and Jack Crawford scored in the 3rd period for the Bruins as they overcame a 1-0 deficit to defeat the Maple Leafs at Maple Leaf Gardens.

75 years ago
1944


At the movies
The Shining Future, a short propaganda film aimed at persuading Canadians to buy victory bonds, opened in theatres in Canada. The film was directed by LeRoy Prinz, hosted by Herbert Marshall, and starred Charlie Ruggles, Olive Blakeney, and Jimmy Lydon, with guest appearances by Jack Carson, Deanna Durbin, Cary Grant, Frank Sinatra, Benny Goodman and his Orchestra, Harold Peary, and Bing Crosby.



Literature
Dodd Mead & Company and Redbook magazine announced that Dorothea Cornwell was the winner of their joint fiction prize of $10,000 for her novel They Dare Not Go A' Hunting.

War
German reinforcements broke into the Soviet ring around Nazi forces in the Skala region and joined their comrades. Japanese troops wung around north of Kohima in the Indian state of Manipur in an effort to encircle the city.

Politics and government
Hungarian exiles in England formed a government under the leadership of former President Count Michael Karolyi.

Diplomacy
U.S. Vice President Henry Wallace announced plans to visit China in the late spring or early summer as a representative of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Disasters
34 people were killed and more than 100 injured in a tornado that caused heavy damage at several points in Arkansas.

70 years ago
1949


On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring John Stanley and George Spelvin (Wendell Holmes), on MBS
Tonight's episode: The Mad Miners of Cardiff

Crime
Freda Linton, the last of 20 suspects sought in connection with the 1946 Soviet espionage case, surrendered in Montreal.

Defense
The U.S. Senate passed a House of Representatives-approved measure authorizing $75 million for construction of an Air Force rocket testing range.

Politics and government
The South African Parliament passed a constitutional amendment granting parliamentary representation to South-West Africa, a step toward incorporation of the territory into South Africa.

Basketball
BAA
Finals
Minneapolis 65 @ Washington 74 (Minneapolis led best-of-seven series 3-2)

Kleggie Hermsen and Jack Nichols each scored 13 points to help the Capitols defeat the Lakers before 3,840 fans at Uline Arena. George Mikan of Minneapolis led all scorers with 22 points.

60 years ago
1959


Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Smoke Gets in Your Eyes--The Platters (9th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: Smoke Gets in Your Eyes--The Platters (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Tom Dooley--The Kingston Trio (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Side Saddle--Russ Conway (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Come Softly to Me--The Fleetwoods
2 Venus--Frankie Avalon
3 Pink Shoe Laces--Dodie Stevens
4 It's Just a Matter of Time--Brook Benton
5 (Now and Then There’s) A Fool Such as I--Elvis Presley
6 Never Be Anyone Else But You--Ricky Nelson
7 Charlie Brown--The Coasters
8 I Need Your Love Tonight--Elvis Presley
9 Guitar Boogie Shuffle--The Virtues
10 Since I Don't Have You--The Skyliners

Singles entering the chart were I Still Get a Thrill (Thinking of You) by Joni James (#66); Love Me in the Daytime by Doris Day (#72); Bonaparte's Retreat by Billy Grammer (#77); I Told Myself a Lie by Clyde McPhatter (#80); The Walls Have Ears by Patti Page (#83); I Need Your Lovin' by Roy Hamilton (#88); Very Much in Love by Johnny Mathis (#90); Goodbye Jimmy, Goodbye by Kathy Linden (#93); Two Brothers by David Hill (#94); Jo-Jo the Dog-Faced Boy by Annette (#96); Lonely for You by Gary Stites (#98); and Quiet Village by Martin Denny (#99). Bonaparte's Retreat was the other side of The Kissing Tree, charting at #100.

Died on this date
Clement Jumelle, 42
. Haitian politician. Mr. Jumelle was the National Party candidate for President in 1957, but dropped out of the race on election day, believing that the election was rigged in favour of François Duvalier. Mr. Jumelle received 1.1% of the vote, finishing well behind Mr. Duvalier and runner-up Louis Déjoie. Mr. Dumelle died in the Cuban embassy in Port-au-Prince, where he and his wife had recently been granted asylum.

Space
William H. Pickering, Director of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California, announced America's plans for a manned lunar mission "within the next 5 to 10 years". Speaking to a group of Caltech alumni, Pickering said that the Nova rocket, once perfected, would "be able to transport two or three men to the moon and return them to earth."

Americana
President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed a 34-member advisory committee to help plan a national culture centre in Washington.

Politics and government
The U.S. Republican National Committee elected Senator Thruston Morton (Kentucky) as its chairman.

Academia
The South African House of Assembly approved a university segregation bill forbidding racially mixed student bodies at any S.A. college or university.

Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Toronto 1 @ Montreal 3 (Montreal led best-of-seven series 2-0)

Claude Provost scored with 14:58 remaining in regulation time to break a 1-1 tie, and scored again with 1:27 remaining as the Canadiens defeated the Maple Leafs at the Montreal Forum.

50 years ago
1969


Hit parade
Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In (The Flesh Failures)--The 5th Dimension
2 Galveston--Glen Campbell
3 You've Made Me So Very Happy--Blood, Sweat & Tears
4 Gimme Gimme Good Lovin'--Crazy Elephant
5 Gitarzan--Ray Stevens
6 Hot Smoke & Sasafrass--The Bubble Puppy
7 November Snow--Rejoice
8 Dizzy--Tommy Roe
9 Hair--The Cowsills
10 What Can the Matter Be--The Poppy Family

Singles entering the chart were Brother Love's Travelling Salvation Show by Neil Diamond (#27); Morning Girl by Neon Philharmonic (#28); The Boxer by Simon & Garfunkel (#29); and Love is All I Have to Give by the Checkmates, Ltd. (#30).

Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In (The Flesh Failures)--The 5th Dimension (2nd week at #1)
2 Galveston--Glen Campbell
3 Things I'd Like to Say--The New Colony Six
4 Long Green--The Fireballs
5 Dizzy--Tommy Roe
6 Time of the Season--The Zombies
7 Mendocino--Sir Douglas Quintet
8 Condition Red--The Goodees
9 Brother Love's Travelling Salvation Show--Neil Diamond
10 Hot Smoke & Sasafrass--The Bubble Puppy

Died on this date
Al Kaiser, 82
. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Kaiser was an outfielder with the Chicago Cubs (1911); Boston Rustlers/Braves (1911-1912); and Indianapolis Hoosiers (1914), batting .216 with 3 home runs and 38 runs batted in in 155 games. He played at least 172 games in at least 4 seasons in the minor leagues from 1908-1913.

Music
The single Get Back/Don't Let Me Down by the Beatles with Billy Preston was released on Apple Records.

Space
The U.S.S.R. launched Molniya 1-11, eleventh in the Soviet international communications satellite network.

Politics and government
A draft bill making New Brunswick the only officially bilingual province in Canada was adopted unanimously in the Legislative Assembly.

Academia
Using "police brutality" as a rallying cry, the student revolt at Harvard University continued when demonstrators called for a three-day strike. Although the faculty had already voted to deny academic credit for Reserve Officers Training Corps courses, a prime demand of the protesters was abolition of ROTC. Also at issue were reform of the university government, and a black studies program.

Transportation
U.S. President Richard Nixon sharply reduced transpacific airline route awards originally made by his predecessor, Lyndon Johnson. Mr. Nixon cancelled major awards to Continental Airlines, deleted a minor award to Braniff International, allowed Trans World Airlines to flay around the world, and confirmed only part of the route increases for Pan American and Northwest Orient.

Hockey
CHL
Adams Cup
Semi-Finals
Tulsa 3 @ Oklahoma City 5 (Oklahoma City won best-of-seven series 4-3)

Baseball
Gary Bell pitched a 9-hit shutout and doubled home 2 runs in the 6th inning to lead the Seattle Pilots over the Chicago White Sox 7-0 before 14,993 fans at Sick's Stadium in the Pilots' first home game ever. Don Mincher hit a 2-run home run in the 3rd.

Rico Petrocelli scored on a ground out by pinch hitter George Thomas in the top of the 16th inning to break a 1-1 tie as the Boston Red Sox edged the Cleveland Indians 2-1 before 25,596 fans at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland. Cleveland first baseman Tony Horton batted 4 for 7, and produced the Indians' run with a home run in the 2nd inning.

The New York Yankees scored 7 runs in the last 2 innings to defeat the Detroit Tigers 9-4 before 14,015 fans at Tiger Stadium. New York first baseman Joe Pepitone batted 4 for 5 with a home run, double, 2 runs, and 3 runs batted in.

Barry Moore allowed 5 hits in 6+ innings, hit 2 singles, and scored the winning run as the Washington Senators shut out the Baltimore Orioles 4-0 before 8,415 fans at Memorial Stadium in Saskatchewan.

Catfish Hunter pitched a 6-hitter for the Oakland Athletics as they shut out the Kansas City Royals 5-0 before 5,505 fans at Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum.

Billy Williams singled home Don Kessinger with 2 out in the bottom of the 12th inning to give the Chicago Cubs a 1-0 win over the Montreal Expos before 7,281 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Carl Morton made his major league debut as the Expos' starting pitcher, allowing 6 hits, walking 3 batters, and striking out 3 in 9 scoreless innings, batting 0 for 3.

Mike Shannon doubled home 2 runs with 2 out in the top of the 9th inning to provide the eventual winning margin as the St. Louis Cardinals held on to edge the New York Mets 6-5 before 12,591 fans at Shea Stadium in New York. Cleon Jones hit a 2-run home run with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th for the Mets, but Joe Hoerner struck out Ed Charles to end the game.

Ray Sadecki pitched a 6-hitter and Willie Mays hit his first home run of the season, added a double, and scored 3 runs for the San Francisco Giants shut out the San Diego Padres 8-0 before 15,757 fans at San Diego Stadium.

40 years ago
1979


Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Bright Eyes--Art Garfunkel

Died on this date
Eddie Wilson, 69
. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Wilson played right field with the Brooklyn Dodgers (1936-1937), batting .317 with 4 home runs and 33 runs batted in in 88 games. He played 1,393 games in 13 seasons in the minor leagues from 1929-1941, with at least 66 home runs.

Nino Rota, 67. Italian composer. Mr. Rota, born Giovanni Rota Rinaldi, composed operas, ballets, and other classical works, but was primarily known for his more than 150 film scores. He was primarily associated with director Federico Fellini, but also wrote music for the first two films in The Godfather series, sharing the Academy Award with Carmine Coppola for The Godfather Part II (1974). One of Mr. Rota's most popular scores was for Romeo and Juliet (1968), directed by Franco Zeffirelli. Mr. Rota had a long career as a teacher, directing the Liceo Musicale in Bari, Italy for almost 30 years. He died from a coronary thrombosis.

War
Kampala fell to Tanzanian and Ugandan exile troops; residents cheered as Ugandan President Idi Amin was reported to be fleeing east with the remnants of his army.

Disasters
U.S. President Jimmy Carter appointed an 11-member panel to determine the causes of the accident at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, and to recommend safeguards against future mishaps.

60 died and over 800 were injured as tornadoes swept across northern Texas and southern Oklahoma, devastating four communities.

Hockey
In Western Hockey League junior playoff action, the Lethbridge Broncos defeated the Calgary Wranglers 7-6 in overtime to take a 2 games to 0 lead in their series.

30 years ago
1989


On television tonight
The Wonder Years, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Birthday Boy

Weather
It was the most beautiful day of the year so far in Edmonton.

25 years ago
1994


Hit parade
#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Streets of Philadelphia--Bruce Springsteen

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 The Sign--Ace of Base (4th week at #1)
2 Streets of Philadelphia--Bruce Springsteen
3 Mr. Jones--Counting Crows
4 Return to Innocence--Enigma
5 Without You--Mariah Carey
6 Swimming in Your Ocean--Crash Test Dummies
7 Love Sneakin' Up on You--Bonnie Raitt
8 Hasn't Hit Me Yet--Blue Rodeo
9 Now and Forever--Richard Marx
10 Because of Love--Janet Jackson

Singles entering the chart were You Mean the World to Me by Toni Braxton (#80); The Most Beautiful Girl in the World by The Artist Formerly Known as Prince (Love Symbol) (#88); Beautiful in My Eyes by Joshua Kadison (#89); She Don't Let Nobody by Chaka Demus & the Pliers (#90); and In the Wink of an Eye by the Barra MacNeils (#91).

War
After Serbs in Bosnia had attacked the Muslim enclave of Gorazde, bombs from two U.S. planes destroyed a Serb tank and two armoured personnel carriers. The Serbs then halted their shelling of Gorazde.

20 years ago
1999


Died on this date
William H. Armstrong, 87
. U.S. author and teacher. Mr. Armstrong taught history at Kent School in Kent, Connecticut from 1945-1997. He wrote several books on education, but was best known for his children's novel Sounder (1969), which won the 1970 Newbery Medal.

War
NATO released aerial photographs of newly-turned earth in Kosovo that appeared to indicate mass graves, and there were reports from refugees describing mass executions.

Defense
India tested an intermediate-range ballistic missile capable of carrying a nuclear warhead.

Curling
World Men's Championship @ Harbour Station, Saint John, New Brunswick
Final
Scotland (Hammy McMillan) 6 Canada (Jeff Stoughton) 5

Golf
José María Olazábal shot a 1-under-par 71 in the final round to win the Masters at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia for the second time, finishing with an 8-under-par total score of 280, 2 strokes ahead of Davis Love III. First prize money was $720,000.



10 years ago
2009


Died on this date
Vishnu Prabhakar, 96
. Indian writer. Mr. Prabhakar, born Vishnu Dayal, wrote fiction and non-fiction in Hindi, in every genre except poetry. He wrote about problems in modern Indian society, and was influenced by Mohandas Gandhi's philosophy of non-violence.

Gerda Gilboe, 94. Danish actress and singer. Miss Gilboe performed in musical theatre and operas, and appeared in 18 films from 1943-2003.

Corín Tellado, 81. Spanish authoress. Miss Tellado, born María del Socorro Tellado López, wrote romance novels and photonovels, publishing more than 5,000 titles and selling more than 400 million books in a career spanning about 60 years. No writer has ever sold as many books published in Spanish as Miss Tellado. She died after a stroke, two weeks before her 82nd birthday.