1818
Born on this date
Karl Marx. Prussian-born economic theorist. Mr. Marx, the originator of Communism, taught that societies develop through class struggle between the capitalists, who own the means of production, and the working classes. He and Friedrich Engels wrote The Communist Manifesto (1848), and Mr. Marx himself wrote the three volume Das Kapital (1867, 1885, 1894). Mr. Marx was one of the most influential people in history; unfortunately, his influence has been overwhelmingly negative, with his theories producing millions of corpses when put into practice. Mr. Marx died in London on March 14, 1883 at the age of 68.
125 years ago
1893
Economics and finance
Panic hit the New York Stock Exchange as the stock market crashed due to the Sherman Silver announcement and higher U.S. tariffs. 15,000 businesses went bankrupt, over 600 banks closed, and and up to 20% of the American work force was unemployed. The Panic of 1893 caused economic depression in Canada and severe damage to Canada-U.S. trade.
110 years ago
1908
Born on this date
Tony Freitas. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Freitas had a career in professional baseball that spanned the years 1928-1953 (minus three years spent fighting in World War II). Most of his career was spent in the minor leagues, where he amassed 342 wins (fourth greatest in minor league history, and tops among lefthanders) and 238 losses. Mr. Freitas had nine seasons in which he won 20 or more games, including his last season. With the Stockton Ports of the California League in 1953, Mr. Freitas won 22 games, lost 9, and led the league in innings pitched with 279. Mr. Freitas pitched in the major leagues with the Philadelphia Athletics (1932-1933) and Cincinnati Reds (1934-1936), compiling a record of 25 wins and 33 losses with an earned run average of 4.48 in 107 games. His best major league season was his first, when he posted a 12-5 record. Mr. Freitas died on March 13, 1994 at the age of 85 and was inducted into the Pacific Coast League Hall of Fame in 2003.
Horse racing
Stone Street, with Arthur Pickens up, won the 34th running of the Kentucky Derby at Churchill Downs in Louisville in a time of 2:15 2/5, 3 lengths ahead of Sir Cleges. Duvegan finished third in the eight-horse field.
80 years ago
1938
Baseball
Hal Kelleher of the Philadelphia Phillies faced 16 batters in the sixth inning as the Chicago Cubs scored 12 runs. Both marks are National League records off one pitcher in a single inning. The Cubs won 21-2 at Wrigley Field in Chicago, with Joe Marty collecting 4 hits, 4 runs, and 4 runs batted in. The loss went to Wayne LaMaster, who threw just three pitches to leadoff batter Stan Hack before leaving the game with a pain in his throwing arm. It was the 53rd and last game in Mr. Kelleher's 4-year major league career. Bobby Mattick made his major league debut with the Cubs, singling in a run as a pinch hitter in the 8th and playing the 9th at shortstop without a fielding chance.
Hank Greenberg and Rudy York hit consecutive home runs with 2 out in the top of the 6th inning and Mr. York added another homer in the 8th to help the Detroit Tigers defeat the Boston Red Sox 7-5 before 5,500 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Jimmie Foxx hit a 3-run homer for the Red Sox in the 5th that went over the wall and onto a roof across the street. Three batters later, Boston right fielder Ben Chapman and Detroit catcher Birdie Tebbetts got into a fight at home plate, which resulted in both players being ejected and Mr. Chapman suspended for 3 games.
Joe DiMaggio drove in 4 runs with a home run, double, and single, and Bill Knickerbocker added a single, double, and triple, driving in 3 runs, as the New York Yankees outslugged the St. Louis Browns 12-10 before 7,281 fans at Yankee Stadium. New York relief pitcher Johnny Murphy doubled home the final 2 New York runs in the 8th inning, providing the winning margin.
Every man in the Chicago White Sox lineup had at least 1 hit as they beat the Philadelphia Athletics 10-4 at Shibe Park in Philadelphia.
John Stone's inside-the-park grand slam was the key hit of a 6-run 5th inning for the Washington Nationals as they beat the Cleveland Indians 8-6 at Griffith Stadium in Washington. Hank Helf made his major league debut with Cleveland, catching the last 2 innings, batting 0 for 1 and throwing out a runner trying to steal second base.
75 years ago
1943
Died on this date
Gordon Hewart, 1st Viscount Hewart, 73. Lord Chief Justice of England, 1922-1940. Viscount Hewart, a Liberal, was Solicitor General for England (1916-1919) and Attorney General for England before being appointed Lord Chief Justice. He has been credited with originating the saying, "Not only must Justice be done; it must also be seen to be done."
War
In World War II's largest raid by four-engine planes, U.K. Royal Air Force and Royal Canadian Air Force aircraft dropped 1,500 tons of bombs on the German manufacturing city of Dortmund. Soviet troops recaptured Krymsk and advanced on a 15-mile front toward Novorossiisk.
Defense
The U.S. Army announced the promotion of 63 generals, giving the Army more than 600.
Aviation
It was announced that British Overseas Airway Corporation pilot Captain G.R. Buxton, 37, had flown a Liberator from Newfoundland to Great Britain in 6 hours 12 minutes for a North Atlantic record.
Politics and government
Venezuelan President Isaias Medina Angarita formed a new cabinet which included five new ministers.
Communications
U.S. Postmaster General Frank Walker announced that a system of zoned numbers would be added after the name of the city on all mailed matter in 178 large cities to facilitate delivery.
Economics and finance
Brazilian President Getulio Vargas cancelled Paraguay's war indemnity debt dating from 1870.
Labour
The U.S. Senate passed 63-16 and sent to the House of Representatives the Connally bill to expand the President's power to seize strike-bound plants.
70 years ago
1948
War
Haganah forces began clearing Arab resistance from the Upper Galilee.
World events
The U.S.S.R. tightened restrictions on the movement of food parcels and precious metals between Berlin and the western occupation zones.
Politics and government
The Belgian cabinet of Prime Minister Paul-Henri Spaak resigned in a dispute over the issue of higher state subsidies to Roman Catholic schools.
Conservative Korean leaders Kim Koo and Kimm Kiu Sic returned to Seoul from a meeting wit Communist leaders in Pyongyang and called for a boycott of United Nations-sponsored elections in the U.S. zone.
A U.S. federal court in Washington, D.C. convicted screenwriter Dalton Trumbo of contempt of Congress for refusing to tell the Hous of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities whether he was a Communist.
Indianica
Eight Sikh princely states in East Punjab formed the Phulkian Union as part of India.
Science
The U.S. Senate passed and sent to the House of Representatives a bill establishing a National Science Foundation with a director appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.
60 years ago
1958
Hit parade
#1 singles in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Witch Doctor--David Seville (Best Seller--2nd week at #1; Top 100--2nd week at #1); He's Got the Whole World (In His Hands)--Laurie London (Disc Jockey--4th week at #1)
Literature
Columbia University awarded Pulitzer Prizes for Fiction: James Agee (A Death in the Family); Drama: Ketti Frings (Look Homeward, Angel); Poetry: Robert Penn Warren (Promises: Poems 1954-56).
Defense
The United States performed an atmospheric nuclear test at Eniwetok.
Politics and government
A new 145-member Iraqi Parliament was elected, completing constitutional revisions necessary for implementation of the Arab Federal State of Jordan and Iraq.
Labour
Bus service in London was suspended as 50,000 drivers, conductors, and maintenance men of the Transport and General Workers Union struck in a wage dispute.
50 years ago
1968
Died on this date
Albert Dekker, 62. U.S. actor. After a decade as a stage actor, Mr. Dekker went to Hollywood and made his first movie appearance in The Great Garrick (1937). His three most famous screen roles were as a mad scientist in the 1940 horror film Dr. Cyclops, as a vicious hitman in The Killers (1946); and his last role, that of an unscrupulous railroad detective in Sam Peckinpah's western The Wild Bunch (1969). Mr. Dekker also returned to stage acting from time to time, including a stint replacing Lee J. Cobb as Willy Loman in the original production of Death of a Salesman. Mr. Dekker also took an interest in politics; he was elected as a Democrat to the California State Assembly in 1944, serving until 1946. Perhaps Albert Dekker’s main claim to fame (infamy?) concerns the circumstances of his death:
On May 5, 1968, after attempting to reach Dekker for three days, his fiancée Geraldine Saunders went to the actor's home. There were numerous messages and notes attached to his door from other concerned friends. Saunders got the apartment manager to open the door, and discovered Dekker's body in the bathtub. Dekker was kneeling nude in the bathtub, with a noose around his neck and a scarf tied over his eyes. A horse's bit was in his mouth, fashioned from a rubber ball and metal wire, and two leather straps were stretched between the leather belts that girded his neck and chest. A third belt, around his waist, was tied with a rope that stretched to his ankles. The end of the rope was found wrapped around his wrist several times and was held in Dekker's hand. Handcuffs clamped both wrists with a key attached. Written in red lipstick on his right buttock was the word, "whip." Sunrays had also been drawn around his nipples. "Make me suck," was written on his throat, and "slave," and "cocksucker," on his chest. On his stomach was drawn a vagina. He had apparently been dead for several days.War
Reports surfaced that Dekker was the victim of a robbery gone wrong due to a great deal of cash and electronic equipment was found to be missing from his apartment, but there was no evidence to support this. Police also theorized that Dekker was a closet homosexual who practiced his eccentricities discreetly with anonymous male prostitutes. Police attempted to attribute Dekker's death to a mishap with a hustler who left the actor dying or dead after something went wrong. Police made inquiries, but Mr. Dekker had no reputation among male hustlers, and Dekker's friends denied the accusations. Other theories of a murder made to look like a suicide arose but were never proven.
Dekker's death was eventually ruled accidental. The coroner determined that Dekker accidentally asphyxiated himself while attempting autoerotic asphyxia. Dekker was cremated in East Los Angeles, and his remains were shipped to the Garden State Crematory in New Jersey.
As expected, Communists launched the second round of their Vietnamese Tet offensive. A U.S. Command spokesman described the offensive as "a far cry" from the original. The North Vietnamese forces shelled, mortared, and rocketed 122 targets, including 40 cities and towns, 7 air bases and other Allied installations, but only about a dozen of the targets struck had ground attacks. U.S. Secretary of State Dean Rusk declared that "an honourable peace" in southeast Asia hinged on a stop to Communist infiltration of South Vietnam and its neighbours.
Music
In Long Beach, California, Neil Young played his final concert with Buffalo Springfield.
World events
A protest strike by two West Bank Jordan towns was punished with Israel travel restrictions for their residents.
Golf
Roberto DeVicenzo won the Champions Golf Tournament in Houston with a score of 274. First prize money was $20,000.
Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Finals
Montreal 3 @ St. Louis 2 (OT) (Montreal led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Jacques Lemaire’s goal at 1:41 of overtime gave the Montreal Canadiens the win over the Blues at St. Louis Arena. Montreal captain Jean Beliveau fractured a bone in his ankle and was lost for the rest of the series.
40 years ago
1978
Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): It's a Heartache--Bonnie Tyler (9th week at #1)
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Rivers of Babylon--Boney M. (3rd week at #1)
#1 single in France (IFOP): How Deep is Your Love--Bee Gees (3rd week at #1)
Terrorism
The Red Brigade terrorists announced that they were carrying out the "death sentence" against former Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro, whom they had kidnapped on March 16.
Crime
Sanjay Gandhi, the son of former Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, was jailed for a month on charges of tampering with witnesses in a case in which he was involved.
Hockey
WHA
Avco World Trophy
Semi-Finals
New England 7 @ Quebec 3 (New England led best-of-seven series 3-1)
Basketball
NBA
Eastern Conference
Finals
Philadelphia 108 @ Washington 123 (Washington led best-of-seven series 2-1)
Western Conference
Finals
Seattle 107 @ Denver 116 (Denver led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Baseball
Pete Rose of the Cincinnati Reds became the 14th major leaguer to collect 3,000 career hits when he singled against Steve Rogers in the 5th inning of the Reds' 4-3 loss to the Montreal Expos before 37,823 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. Ellis Valentine and Larry Parrish hit consecutive homer runs for the Expos in the 4th, and the deciding run was scored in the 8th when Mr. Valentine doubled with 2 out and scored on a single by Mr. Parrish. Mr. Rogers pitched a 6-hit complete game victory.
Billy Smith doubled home Al Bumbry and scored on a single by Gary Roenicke as the Baltimore Orioles broke a 0-0 tie with 2 runs in the bottom of the 8th inning and held on to edge the Minnesota Twins 2-1 before 3,897 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore. Dan Ford doubled home Rod Carew with 2 out in the 9th, but Jose Morales grounded out to end the game. Mike Flanagan pitched a 4-hit complete game to win the pitchers' duel over Geoff Zahn, who pitched a 6-hit complete game.
Mike Caldwell pitched a 4-hitter and the first 6 men in the Milwaukee lineup each had 2 hits as the Brewers routed the Kansas City Royals 9-0 before 10,435 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee. Sixto Lezcano hit 2 home runs for the Brewers, ad Ben Oglivie also homered.
Nolan Ryan pitched a 1-hitter and struck out 12 batters as the California Angels shut out the Cleveland Indians 5-0 before 17,437 fans at Anaheim Stadium. Duane Kuiper's single with none out in the 6th inning was the only Cleveland hit. The Angels scored all the runs in the 5th inning off losing pitcher Rick Wise.
30 years ago
1988
Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Always on My Mind--Pet Shop Boys (10th week at #1)
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Heart--Pet Shop Boys (2nd week at #1)
Died on this date
George Rose, 68. U.K.-born U.S. actor. Mr. Rose had a long career in cinema and theatre. He made his first Broadway appearance in Henry IV, Part I in 1946, and eventually received five Tony nominations, winning for My Fair Lady (1976) and The Mystery of Edwin Drood (1986). His movie appearances included A Night to Remember (1958). Mr. Rose was beaten to death by his adopted son at his vacation home in the Dominican Republic. He was on tour with The Mystery of Edwin Drood, and had gone to the D.R. during a two-week vacation break.
Tamara Pos. Surinamese/Dutch activist. I don’t know who she was, but I do know this...
War
French commandos attacked Melanesian separatists on the island of New Caledonia and freed 23 French hostages. For two weeks, the Melanesians had been attacking French military patrols, and a French navy patrol boat had shelled a Melanesian camp. Seven people had been reported killed prior to May 5. Two commandos and 19 Melanesians were killed in the assault. In a statement, the separatists said the "massacre" would reinforce their determination to end French rule.
Terrorism
In France, three French hostages who had been freed from Lebanon the day before were welcomed back by Premier Jacques Chirac. Mr. Chirac had indirect responsibility for hostage negotiations. His government denied that ransom had been paid, but it was reported that France would repay about $340 million (U.S.) owed to Iran.
Labour
Police raided the Lenin steel mill near Krakow Poland and put an end to a 9-day strike of about 7,000 workers who had been demanding more pay and recognition of the independent labour federation Solidarity.
Religion
Eugene Marino was installed as the first Negro U.S. Roman Catholic archbishop.
Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Clarence S. Campbell Conference
Finals
Detroit 3 @ Edmonton 5 (Edmonton led best-of-seven series 2-0)
Basketball
NBA
Playoffs
Eastern Conference
First Round
Chicago 91 @ Cleveland 97 (Best-of-five series tied 2-2)
Western Conference
Dallas 107 @ Houston 97 (Dallas won best-of-five series 3-1)
Denver 117 @ Seattle 127 (Best-of-five series tied 2-2)
25 years ago
1993
Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Informer--Snow (3rd week at #1)
Died on this date
Irving Howe, 72. U.S. literary critic. Mr. Howe, born Irving Horenstein, was a member of Democratic Socialists of America, and wrote numerous books and magazine essays.
Medicine
A team of scientists in Helsinki announced that they were near to locating the gene that triggered colon cancer and several other varieties of disease.
Hockey
NHL
Stanley Cup
Clarence S. Campbell Conference
Division Finals
St. Louis 2 @ Toronto 1 (2OT) (Best-of-seven series tied 1-1)
Los Angeles 6 @ Vancouver 3 (Best-of-seven series tied 1-1)
Jeff Brown scored at 3:03 of the 2nd overtime period to give the Blues their win over the Maple Leafs at Maple Leaf Gardens. St. Louis goalie Curtis Joseph made 57 saves.
Basketball
NBA
Playoffs
Eastern Conference
First Round
Boston 103 @ Charlotte 104 (Charlotte won best-of-five series 3-1)
Cleveland 93 @ New Jersey 84 (Cleveland led best-of-five series 2-1)
Western Conference
First Round
Houston 90 @ Los Angeles Clippers 93 (Best-of-five series tied 2-2)
Portland 101 @ San Antonio 107 (San Antonio led best-of-five series 2-1)
20 years ago
1998
Scandal
A United States federal court ruled that President Bill Clinton could not invoke executive privilege or attorney-client privilege to restrict a prosecutor’s questioning of close advisers, lawyers, and other officials involved in the Monica Lewinsky case.
Basketball
NBA
Eastern Conference
Semi-Finals
New York 83 @ Indiana 93 (Indiana led best-of-seven series 1-0)
Western Conference
Semi-Finals
San Antonio 82 @ Utah 83 (Utah led best-of-seven series 1-0)
10 years ago
2008
Died on this date
Irv Robbins, 90. Canadian-born U.S. businessman. Mr. Robbins, a native of Winnipeg, moved to the United States in the early 1940s, and combined his ice cream parlours with those of his brother-in-law Burt Baskin in 1948 to form the company that became Baskin-Robbins. Baskin-Robbins, with its 31 flavours--one for each day of the month--was the first food company to franchise its outlets.
Jerry Wallace, 79. U.S. musician. Mr. Wallace was a country singer whose singles occasionally crossed over into the pop charts. His hits included Primrose Lane (1959); In the Misty Moonlight (1964); and If You Leave Me Tonight I'll Cry (1972). Mr. Wallace died of congestive heart failure.
Basketball
NBA
Eastern Conference
Semi-Finals
Orlando 93 @ Detroit 100 (Detroit led best-of-seven series 2-0)
Western Conference
Semi-Finals
San Antonio 84 @ New Orleans 102 (New Orleans led best-of-seven series 2-0)
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