September 20, 2018

640 years ago
1378

Religion
Cardinal Robert of Geneva was elected as Pope Clement VII, beginning the Papal schism.

520 years ago
1498

Disasters
A tsunami caused by the Nankai earthquake washed away the building housing the statue of the Great Buddha at Kōtoku-in in Kamakura, Japan.

225 years ago
1793

Died on this date
Fletcher Christian, 28. U.K. sailor. Mr. Christian was Master's Mate on board HMS Bounty, and seized command from Captain William Bligh on April 28, 1789, eventually landing on Pitcairn Island. He and four other mutineers, along with all six Tahitian men who had come to the island, were killed in a fight over Tahitian women. Mr. Christian was fatally shot five days before his 29th birthday.

125 years ago
1893

Born on this date
Colin Barron. U.K.-born Canadian soldier. Corporal (later Sergeant-Major) Barron, a native of Scotland who emigrated to Canada in 1910, was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions during the Battle of Passchendaele on November 6, 1917. When his unit was held up by three machine-guns, Corporal Barron opened fire on them at point-blank range, rushed the guns, killed four of the crew and captured the remainder. He then turned one of the captured guns on the retiring enemy, causing severe casualties and enabling the advance to continue. Sgt.-Major Barron died on August 15, 1958 at the age of 64.

Transportation
Charles Duryea and his brother Frank road-tested the first American-made gasoline-powered automobile in Springfield, Massachusetts.

110 years ago
1908

Born on this date
Eddie Hurley. U.S. baseball umpire. Mr. Hurley began his professional career in the Canadian-American League in 1942, and made it to the American League in 1947, working 2,826 games from 1947-1965, including four World Series and three All-Star Games. He worked in the 1965 World Series and then was forced into retirement because he was over the newly-adopted mandatory age limit of 55. Mr. Hurley was known for his frequent ejections and his strict enforcement of the rules. He died on November 12, 1969 at the age of 61.

Zeke Bonura, 78. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Bonura was a first baseman with the Chicago White Sox (1934-1937); Washington Nationals (1938, 1940); New York Giants (1939); and Chicago Cubs (1940), batting .307 with 119 home runs and 704 runs batted in in 917 games. He led American League first basemen in fielding percentage three times, but was considered a poor fielder because of his "ole" plays, where he would reportedly just wave at balls going by instead of fielding them. Mr. Bonura organized baseball activity while posted to Algeria with the U.S. Army during World War II. He died on March 9, 1987 at the age of 78.

Died on this date
Pablo de Sarasate, 64. Spanish musician and composer. Mr. Sarasate began performing as a violinist as a child, and continued for the rest of his life, becoming world famous. He also composed numerous pieces for violin until his death from chronic bronchitis.

Baseball
Frank Smith pitched a no-hitter for the Chicago White Sox as they edged the Philadelphia Athletics 1-0 at South Side Park in Chicago. It was Mr. Smith's second career major league no-hitter--his first having come in 1905--and came just two days after Dusty Rhoades of the Cleveland Naps had no-hit the Boston Red Sox. Freddy Parent drove in Frank Isbell with the game's only run with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning. Losing pitcher Eddie Plank allowed just 4 hits.

Sam Crawford and Ty Cobb scored in the 6th inning for the Detroit Tigers as they edged the New York Highlanders 2-1 at Bennett Park in Detroit, with Ed Summers winning the pitchers' duel over Pete Wilson.

The St. Louis Browns scored a run with 1 out in the bottom of the 10th inning to defeat the Washington Nationals 2-1 at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. Rube Waddell pitched a 5-hit complete game, with 17 strikeouts, to win the pitchers' duel over Walter Johnson.

90 years ago
1928

Business
The alleged efforts of the Kina Bureau to continue a monopoly in the manufacture and sale of quinine in the United States came to an end in New York when Federal Judge Winslow signed a consent decree which gave to those handling the drug in the U.S.A. the freedom to conduct their business without trust restrictions. The Kina Bureau, which was made up of a number of concerns in Holland, and all its allies and agents in six other countries, including the United States, were bound by the decree.

75 years ago
1943

War
German U-boat U-305, using a new acoustic torpedo, hit and sank Royal Canadian Navy Town Class destroyer HMCS St. Croix, while she was escorting convoy ON.202, south of Iceland. 65 members of the ship's company perished; five officers and 76 men are rescued by HMS Itchen. However, only two days later, the Itchen was also torpedoed by an enemy submarine; only one St. Croix sailor, Stoker W. Fisher, survived the two sinkings. One of the men lost was Surgeon Lieutenant W. L. M. King, RCNVR, Prime Minister Mackenzie King’s nephew. Australian troops defeated Imperial Japanese forces in the Battle of Kaiapit in New Guinea. Yugoslavian spokesmen in London said that 2,000 Germans had been killed in eight days of fighting for the Adriatic port of Split, which Yugoslavian partisans claimed to hold. French commandos from North Africa were reported in Corsica assisting the patriots opposing German occupation forces on the French island.

Defense
U.S. Army Air Force officials disclosed an electronically-controlled autopilot holding American planes on a steady course during bombing runs, providing a "steady platform" required for high-level precision bombing.

70 years ago
1948

On the radio
The Casebook of Gregory Hood, starring Elliott Lewis, on MBS

Diplomacy
The United Nations issued in Paris the Palestine peace plan of mediator Folke Bernadotte, which he had drawn up shortly before his September 17 assassination. It called for admission of Israel to the United Nations; territorial readjustments in the western Galilee and Negev desert; and internationalization of Jerusalem, Haifa, and the Lydda airport.

U.S. State Secretary George Marshall, U.K. Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin, and French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman met in Paris to plan Berlin strategy after failure to reach agreement with the U.S.S.R. in talks in Moscow.

Defense
General Curtis LeMay was named chief of the U.S. Air Force Strategic Air Command, succeeding Gen. George Kenney.

Crime
A Danish court handed down a death sentence for Werner Best, Gestapo official and head of the German occupation of Denmark.

Politics and government
The Arab League in Amman announced the formation of an Arab government for Palestine in Gaza. King Abdullah of Transjordan denounced the plan as de facto recognition of the partition of Palestine.

The Indonesian Parliament voted to give President Ahmed Sukarno emergency powers for the suppression of the Communist revolt in central Java.

Terrorism
Israel enacted an "emergency regulation" banning terrorist organizations and imposing fines and prison sentences on members. Irgun Zvai Leumi began surrendering its arms to the Israeli Army.

Labour
Armed thugs attacked the New York headquarters of the International Ladies Garment Workers Union and an ILGWU picket line in the city's garment district, injuring three union organizers and seven members. Union officials blamed the violence on attempts of underworld elements to enter the garment shipping business.

Baseball
The Mexican League was disbanded after taking losses reported at $362,000 in the past three years.

60 years ago
1958

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): When--The Kalin Twins

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Der Legionär--Freddy Quinn

#1 single in France (IFOP): When--The Kalin Twins (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): When--The Kalin Twins (4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Nel Blu Dipinto di Blu (Volare)--Domenico Modugno (5th week at #1)
--Dean Martin
2 Little Star--The Elegants
3 Bird Dog--The Everly Brothers
4 It's All in the Game--Tommy Edwards
5 Patricia--Perez Prado and his Orchestra
6 Rock-in Robin--Bobby Day
7 Just a Dream--Jimmy Clanton and the Rockets
8 Tears on My Pillow--Little Anthony and the Imperials
9 Everybody Loves a Lover--Doris Day
10 Susie Darlin'--Robin Luke

Singles entering the chart were Pussy Cat (#72)/No One But You (In My Heart) (#80) by the Ames Brothers; You're the Nearest Thing to Heaven by Johnny Cash and the Tennessee Two (#82); Big Daddy by Jill Corey (#83); Just Young by Andy Rose (#88); Hideaway by the Four Esquires (#91); Baby Face by Little Richard (#92); Little Brass Band by David Seville (#93); For My Good Fortune by Pat Boone (#95); Prisoner's Song by Warren Storm (#96); and The Secret by Gordon MacRae (#99). You're the Nearest Thing to Heaven was the other side of The Ways of a Woman in Love, charting at #51.

Diplomacy
In an unusual rebuff, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower returned as "unacceptable under established international practice" a letter to him from U.S.S.R. Premier Nikita Khrushchev.

Crime
A Negro woman described by police as suffering from a "perecution complex" stabbed civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. in the chest with a letter opener in a Harlem department store.

Football
CFL
IRFU
Hamilton (5-0-1) 21 @ Montreal (2-3-1) 21
Ottawa (3-3) 17 @ Toronto (1-5) 14

WIFU
Edmonton (5-3) 26 @ Saskatchewan (4-3) 13
Calgary (4-4) 9 @ Winnipeg (7-2) 36

ORFU
Detroit (0-4) 20 @ Kitchener-Waterloo (3-2) 33
Sarnia (5-0) 33 @ London (1-3) 14

Sam Etcheverry threw touchdown passes to Hal Patterson, Tom Moran, and Red O'Quinn to lead the Alouettes back from a two-touchdown deficit to tie the Tiger-Cats before a Molson Stadium record crowd of 23,641.

Russ Jackson rushed for a touchdown and Tom Dimitroff passed to George Brancato for another to help the Rough Riders defeat the Argonauts at Varsity Stadium in a game that featured 13 fumbles--7 by Ottawa--and 2 interceptions by Toronto. Bobby Kuntz and Dave Mann scored Toronto touchdowns. The Argonauts had the ball on the Ottawa 22-yard line on the last game and unsuccessfully tried for a game-winning touchdown instead of a tying field goal. Gary Schreider kicked 2 converts and 2 singles for Ottawa, and Ron Quillian scored the other Ottawa point when he fumbled into the Toronto end zone and the Argonauts recovered.

Johnny Bright and Jackie Parker scored touchdowns, with Joe Mobra kicking a convert, 4 field goals, and 2 singles to help the Eskimos defeat the Roughriders at Taylor Field in Regina.

Jim Van Pelt threw 3 touchdown passes to Ernie Pitts, rushed for a TD of his own, and kicked 2 converts and a field goal to lead the Blue Bombers over the Stampeders before 20,099 fans at Winnipeg Stadium. Charlie Shepard rushed 70 yards for the other Winnipeg TD and punted for a single. Chuck Holloway scored the Calgary touchdown on a 90-yard pass from Nobby Wirkowski, converted by Doug Brown.

Dave West scored 2 touchdowns and Mike Norcia, Ed Mitchell, and Bernie Custis also scored TDs for the Dutchmen as they beat the Raiders at Kitchener Stadium. Mr. Norcia converted 3 of the touchdowns. Tom Hunter scored 2 touchdowns for the Raiders, with Elbie Richmond scoring the other Detroit TD, and Ed Bagdon adding 2 converts.

Chuck Stanley scored 3 touchdowns and J.B. Smith added another to help the Golden Bears defeat the Lords at Labatt Park. Gino Cappelletti added 4 converts, a field goal, and a single, and Ross Dowswell also scored a single for Sarnia. Jim Thompson and Leroy Thompson scored London touchdowns, with Del Thachuk and Gene Lakenta kicking the converts.

Baseball
Hoyt Wilhelm pitched a no-hitter for the Baltimore Orioles as they edged the New York Yankees 1-0 before 10,941 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore in a nationally-televised game. It was the first major league no-hitter to be pitched at Memorial Stadium and the last no-hitter pitched against the Yankees in the 20th century, and was Mr. Wilhelm's eighth game and fourth start for the Orioles since they had acquired him on waivers from the Cleveland Indians on August 23. The only run came when Gus Triandos led off the bottom of the 7th inning with a home run off Bobby Shantz that travelled 415 feet.

Jackie Jensen singled home Don Buddin and Pete Runnels with 2 out in the bottom of the 8th inning to break a 0-0 tie as the Boston Red Sox shut out the Washington Senators 2-0 before 7,400 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Frank Sullivan pitched a 4-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Vito Valentinetti, who allowed only 3 hits--2 in the 8th.

Vic Wertz drove in a run wit a ground out and pinch hitter Randy Jackson followed with a run-scoring single as the Cleveland Indians scored 2 runs in the top of the 9th inning and held on to defeat the Detroit Tigers 2-1 in the first game of a doubleheader before 11,779 fans at Briggs Stadium in Detroit. The Tigers had the bases loaded with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th, but Mudcat Grant struck out pinch hitter Billy Martin to end the game. The Tigers scored all their runs in the 3rd inning as they won the second game 4-1, with Billy Hoeft pitching a 5-hitter.

Bill Tuttle hit a solo home run in the bottom of the 7th inning and Bob Cerv led off the bottom of the 8th with a homer to enable the Kansas City Athletics to edge the Chicago White Sox 3-2 before 8,652 fans at Municipal Stadium in Kansas City, with Bob Grim winning the pitchers' duel over Billy Pierce. The White Sox had runners on first and third bases with 2 out in the 9th, but pinch hitter Billy Goodman grounded out to second base to end the game.

Dick Groat led off the top of the 9th with a double and scored on a double play for the eventual deciding run as the Pittsburgh Pirates held on to edge the Philadelphia Phillies 4-3 before 4,217 fans at Connie Mack Stadium in Philadelphia. The Phillies scored a run in the bottom of the 9th and had the bases loaded with 1 out, but Bobby Young flied out to right field and Ed Bouchee struck out to end the game.

Bill Bruton batted 2 for 3 with a double, 2 runs, and 2 runs batted in as the Milwaukee Braves beat the Cincinnati Redlegs 6-1 before 5,295 fans at Crosley Field in Cincinnati in a game that was called because of rain after 6 innings. Lou Burdette pitched a 6-hit complete game victory.

Don Demeter hit a 2-run home run with 2 out in the top of the 9th inning to tie the score, but Bobby Thomson homered with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th to give the Chicago Cubs a 3-2 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers before 10,732 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Winning pitcher John Buzhardt pitched a 5-hit complete game. Los Angeles left fielder Don Miles batted 0 for 4 and made 7 putouts in the field in the eighth and last game of his major league career.

Willie Mays batted 3 for 5 with a double, run, and run batted in to help the San Francisco Giants defeat the St. Louis Cardinals 5-1 before 7,983 fans at Busch Stadium in St. Louis. Winnng pitcher Ruben Gomez pitched a complete game and allowed just 3 hits, all by center fielder Bobby Gene Smith, who hit a double and a solo home run.

50 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Indian Lake--The Cowsills (3rd week at #1)

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Hey Jude/Revolution--The Beatles
2 Harper Valley P.T.A.--Ricki Page
--Jeannie C. Riley
3 Hush--Deep Purple
4 Fire--Arthur Brown
5 I've Gotta Get a Message to You--The Bee Gees
6 Morning Dew--Lulu
7 And Suddenly--The Cherry People
8 Time Has Come Today--The Chambers Brothers
9 On the Road Again--Canned Heat
10 Cinnamon--Derek

Singles entering the chart were Baby, Come Back by the Equals (#25); I Met Her in Church by the Box Tops (#27); Who is Gonna Love Me? by Dionne Warwick (#28); Midnight Confessions by the Grass Roots (#29); and Naturally Stoned by Avant-Garde (#30).

Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 Revolution/Hey Jude--The Beatles (2nd week at #1)
2 Harper Valley P.T.A.--Jeannie C. Riley
3 I've Gotta Get a Message to You--The Bee Gees
4 People Got to Be Free--The Rascals
5 Born to Be Wild--Steppenwolf
6 1,2,3, Red Light--1910 Fruitgum Company
7 Sunshine of Your Love--Cream
8 Tell Someone You Love Them--Dino, Desi and Billy
9 Street Fighting Man--The Rolling Stones
10 On the Road Again--Canned Heat

Protest
Thousands of people in Malaysia marched in protest against the law signed two days earlier by Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos claiming Malaysia's Borneo state of Sabah for the Philippine Repubic. Meanwhile, Philippne legislators criticized the American proclamation of neutrality in the matter.

Energy
The Canadian government of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau cancelled the development of a $150-million intense neutron generator (ING).

Disasters
30 people were killed and 150 injured in a head-on collision of two trains near Depok, Indonesia.

Baseball
Steve Blass pitched a 2-hitter to win the pitching matchup over Ferguson Jenkins as the Pittsburgh Pirates shut out the Chicago Cubs 5-0 before 4,478 fans at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh. The Pirates scored 4 runs in the 2nd inning. It was the first major league game for first base umpire Dick Stello.

Jerry Grote singled home Cleon Jones with 2 out in the top of the 9th inning to break a 2-2 tie as the New York Mets edged the Philadelphia Phillies 3-2 in the first game of a doubleheader before 4,443 fans at Connie Mack Stadium in Philadelphia. The Mets came back from a 4-0 1st-inning deficit to win the second game 5-4 to complete the sweep.

Rusty Staub singled home Rusty Torres with 1 out in the bottom of the 9th inning to climax a 2-run rally, giving the Houston Astros a 7-6 win over the Cincinnati Reds before 7,175 fans at the Astrodome. The Reds scored 2 runs in the top of the 9th to take a 6-5 lead. Houston center fielder Norm Miller hit a solo home run in the 1st inning to open the scoring, but was injured running into the wall in the 3rd inning, enabling Leo Cardenas to hit an inside-the-park home run.

Willie Davis drove in Bill Singer with a sacrifice fly in the bottom of the 6th inning to break a 4-4 tie, and the Los Angeles Dodgers held on to defeat the St. Louis Cardinals 5-4 before 17,888 fans at Dodger Stadium. St. Louis first baseman Joe Hague, playing his second major league game, hit his first home run, leading off the 6th to tie the score 4-4.

Carl Yastrzemski's solo home run with 1 out in the top of the 8th proved to be the deciding run as the Boston Red Sox edged the New York Yankees 4-3 before 15,737 fans at Yankee Stadium. New York first baseman Mickey Mantle doubled in the 1st inning and got the Yankees on the scoreboard with a solo homer off winning pitcher Jim Lonborg with 2 out in the 3rd. The home run was Mr. Mantle's 18th of the season, and the 536th and last of his 18-year Hall of Fame major league career. Bill Robinson homered to lead off the bottom of the 9th, drawing the Yankees to within a run.

Al Kaline, Jim Northrup, and Jimmie Price hit home runs for the Detroit Tigers in the top of the 8th inning to enable them to come from behind and beat the Washington Senators 6-3 before 5,929 fans at District of Columbia Stadium. Mr. Northrup's homer was his second of the game. Mr. Kaline batted 4 for 4 with a double and 2 runs.

2 runs in the top of the 1st inning proved to be all the scoring the Oakland Athletics needed as they beat the Minnesota Twins 7-1 before 1,710 fans at Metropolitan Stadium. Catfish Hunter pitched an 8-hit complete game to get the win over Buzz Stephen, who allowed 8 hits and 5 runs--4 earned--with 5 bases and balls and 1 strikeout in 6 1/3 innings, batting 0 for 2 in his first major league game.

Ken Berry singled in runs in the 2nd and 4th innings to help the Chicago White Sox defeat the Baltimore Orioles 2-1 before 6,822 fans at White Sox Park. All the game's runs were unearned.

40 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Dreadlock Holiday--10cc

Politics and government
S.A. Prime Minister John Vorster announced his resignation; no reason was given, but it was known that he was ill. South Africa rejected the United Nations plan for the independence of Namibia (South-West Africa) and announced that it would hold its own elections for a Namibian constituent assembly from November 20-24 in preparation for Namibian independence on December 31.

Crime
Gary Thomas Rowe, Jr., who had been a U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation informer in the Ku Klux Klan in the mid-1960s, was indicted by a grand jury in Alabama for the 1965 murder of civil rights worker Viola Liuzzo.

25 years ago
1993

Hit parade
#1 single in Germany (Media Control): What's Up?--4 Non Blondes (5th week at #1)

Died on this date
Erich Hartmann, 71. German aviator. Mr. Hartmann, a Luftwaffe pilot during World War II known to his Soviet enemies as "The Black Devil," was the highest-scoring fighter ace in the history of aerial warfare, claiming 352 victories in 1,404 combat missions without ever being shot down by enemy fire.

Disasters
Oregon Governor Barbara Roberts declared a state of emergency after a series of earthquakes killed two people and badly damaged buildings.

20 years ago
1998

Football
CFL
Montreal (8-3-1) 31 @ Hamilton (9-2-1) 31

Baseball
Cal Ripken, Jr. removed himself from the Baltimore Orioles' lineup for the final home game of the season, ending his major league record streak of consecutive games at 2,632. It was the 38-year-old Mr. Ripken's first game off in 16 years. The Yankees edged the Orioles 5-4 before 48,013 fans at Oriole Park at Camden Yards. Jimmy Key, the fourth Baltimore pitcher of the game, pitched the 9th inning, allowing 2 hits and the eventual deciding run--earned--with 1 strikeout in the 471st and last game of his 15-year major league career.

Benito Santiago singled home 2 runs with 2 out in the top of the 12th inning to break a 5-5 tie as the Toronto Blue Jays beat the Tampa Bay Devil Rays 7-5 before 32,183 fans at Tropicana Field in St. Petersburg. Roy Halladay made his major league debut starting on the mound for Toronto, allowing 8 hits and 3 runs--2 earned--in 5 innings, with 2 bases on balls and 5 strikeouts.

Richard Hidalgo hit solo home runs in the 1st and 3rd innings to account for all the scoring as the Houston Astros shut out the Pittsburgh Pirates 2-0 before 23,657 fans at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh. Winning pitcher Shane Reynolds allowed 10 hits in 7 innings, but the Pirates left 9 runners on base.

Bruce Chen allowed 3 hits in 7 innings to get the win, hit a single, and drove in a run with a sacrifice bunt as the Atlanta Braves blanked the Arizona Diamondbacks 10-0 before 44,876 fans at Bank One Ballpark in Phoenix.

Trent Hubbard hit a solo home run with 1 out in the top of the 1st inning for the only run as the Los Angeles Dodgers edged the San Francisco Giants 1-0 before 40,184 fans at 3Com Park at Candlestick Point in San Francisco. Carlos Perez pitched a 4-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Shawn Estes, who allowed just 2 hits in 8 innings.

Pinch hitter Larry Walker led off the top of the 11th inning with a double and Darryl Hamilton followed with a single to score Mr. Walker with the only run as the Colorado Rockies edged the San Diego Padres 1-0 before 37,939 fans at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego. Winning pitcher Darryl Kile allowed 3 hits in 10 innings.

10 years ago
2008

Terrorism
An explosive-laden truck detonated in front of the Marriott Hotel in Islamabad, Pakistan, killing 54 people and injuring 266 others.

Football
Players Doug Flutie, Mike "Pinball" Clemons, Mike Pringle, and John Bonk, and builder Tom Shepherd were inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame.

CFL
Toronto (4-8) 4 @ Calgary (8-4) 34
British Columbia (7-5) 27 @ Saskatchewan (8-4) 21

CIS
Calgary (2-2) 3 @ Simon Fraser (3-1) 20
Regina (1-2) 18 @ British Columbia (2-2) 16