November 27, 2020

1,625 years ago
395

Died on this date
Rufinus, 60 (?). Roman statesman. Rufinus was appointed a consul and Praetorian prefect of the East in 392. He was murdered by Gothic mercenaries led by Gainas.

925 years ago
1095

War
Pope Urban II declared the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont.

150 years ago
1870

Born on this date
Juho Paasikivi. Prime Minister of Finland, 1918, 1944-1946; President of Finland, 1946-1956. Mr. Paasikivi, born Johan Gustaf Hellsten, was a member of the Finnish Party for many years before becoming chairman of the National Coalition Party in 1934. He held various positions in a career spanning five decades, and as Prime Minister and President was the architect of the Finnish foreign policy of peaceful relations with the U.S.S.R. Mr. Paasikivi died on December 14, 1956, 17 days after his 86th birthday.

125 years ago
1895

Died on this date
Alexandre Dumas fils, 71. French author and playwright. Mr. Dumas, the illegitimate son of novelist Alexandre Dumas père, wrote more than a dozen novels and more than two dozen plays, but was best known for the romantic novel (1848) and play (1852) La Dame aux Camélias (The Lady of the Camellias), which was adapted by Giuseppe Verdi into the opera La traviata (1853).

World events
At the Swedish–Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signed his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after his death.

110 years ago
1910

Transportation
New York’s Pennsylvania Station opened.

100 years ago
1920

Society
This date's issue of Literary Digest reported positive results of the prohibition of the sale of alcohol in Grand Rapids, Michigan, which had been in effect in that city since April 30, 1918.



Football
CRU
Grey Cup Semi-Final
Toronto Argonauts 5 Toronto Rugby & Athletic Association 2

The teams had played at Varsity Stadium on November 20, with the Argonauts winning 7-6. Toronto R&AA protested, and the Canadian Rugby Union upheld the protest on November 23, ruling that the 2nd half should be replayed on November 27, with the Argonauts leading 2-0 at halftime. The winner was to play the University of Toronto Varsity Blues on December 4 for the Grey Cup.

NCAA
Navy 7 Army 0 @ Franklin Field, Philadelphia

90 years ago
1930

Football
NFL
New York (11-3) 6 @ Staten Island (5-4-2) 7
Providence (6-4-1) 12 @ Brooklyn (6-3-1) 33
Green Bay (9-2) 25 @ Frankford (4-12-1) 7
Chicago Cardinals (5-6-2) 0 @ Chicago Bears (7-4-1) 6

80 years ago
1940

Died on this date
Nicolae Iorga, 69. Prime Minister of Romania, 1931-1932. Mr. Iorga co-founded the Democratic Nationalist Party. He supported King Carol II and opposed the fascist Iron Guard, and was one of 64 of the arrested king's aides and other political dissidents executed by the Iron Guard in Jihlava military prison in Bucharest in reprisal for the killing of hundreds of Iron Guardists killed during the last years of King Carol's regime.

Jean Chiappe, 62. French civil servant and diplomat. Mr. Chiappe was director of the Sûreté générale in the 1920 and Préfet de police in the 1930s before being recalled in 1934. He was appointed France's High Commissioner in the Levant in the fall of 1940, and was killed when the plane taking him to Beirut was shot down by mistake by Italian planes taking part in the Battle of Taranto. Also killed were pilot Henri Guillaumet, 38, the other crew members, and the leader of the cabinet.

War
The British Royal Navy claimed victory over the Italian Regia Marina in the Battle of Cape Spartivento in the Mediterranean Sea. Greek reports claimed a steady advance against the southern Albanian bases of Argyrokastron and Tepeleni. The Australian Naval Ministry reported that two British freighters had been sunk in the Indian Ocean by a German surface raider during the last five days.

Defense
U.S. Navy Secretary Frank Knox announced that President Franklin D. Roosevelt had allocated $50 million for construction of eight U.S. air and naval bases from Newfoundland to Trinidad on sited leased from the U.K.

The Uruguayan Chamber of Deputies voted 53-21 to approve an arrangment with the United States regarding construction of naval and air bases for mutual Western Hemisphere defense.

William Allen White, chairman of the Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies, received the fourth annual award of the National Association of Accredited Publicity Directors, Inc. for outstanding service in publicity.

Politics and government
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Dr. Jose Miguel Gallardo as Governor of Puerto Rico.

The U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities made public a "Red Paper" containing 281 instances in which violence to overthrow capitalism was advocated by Communist groups.

Economics and finance
The United States Treasury called on the 12 Federal Reserve banks for $107 million of Treasury deposits to replenish cash in the general fund.

The U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee voted to defer consideration of legislation for financial aid to the United Kingdom until the next session of Congress.

Business
American Telephone & Telegraph annunced the largest single "private placement" deal ever negotiated: the sale to 14 insurance companies of $140 million of 2.75% debentures due in 30 years. The money was to pay for plant expansion.

Football
NCAA
University of Michigan halfback Tom Harmon was named the nation's outstanding college football player for 1940 in a national poll of sportswriters and broadcasters.

75 years ago
1945

Diplomacy
Patrick J. Hurley resigned as U.S. Ambassador to China, charging that U.S. global policy was failing because of weak foreign service officers. U.S. President Harry Truman named General George Marshall as Mr. Hurley's replacement.

U.S. Senator Burton K. Wheeler (Democrat--Montana) argued against the United Nations Participation Act, charging that the organization's principles had been compromised by appeasement of the U.S.S.R.

Politics and government
Due to leftist opposition, Italian Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando failed to form a new cabinet.

Economics and finance
CARE (Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe) was founded to a send CARE Packages of food relief to Europe after World War II.

70 years ago
1950

On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Mule Man, starring Leon Askin, Pater Capell, and Charles Korvin

Literature
The Hinge of Fate, the fourth volume of Winston Churchill's history of the Second World War, was published in Boston by Houghton Mifflin.

War
The Battle of Chosin Reservoir began as Chinese Communist forces attacked U.S. Marine units in North Korea.

Politics and government
German Suarez Flamerich, diplomat and jurist, took office as the first civilian President of the Venezuelan junta, succeeding Colonel Carlos Delgado Chalbaud.

Economics and finance
France promised economic autonomy for Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.

Baseball
Lou Boudreau signed as a player with the Boston Red Sox, after nine seasons as manager and shortstop with the Cleveland Indians. He led the Indians to a 92-62-1 record in 1950, 4th in the American League, while batting .269 with 1 home run and 29 runs batted in in 81 games.

Nippon Series
Mainichi Orions 3 @ Shochiku Robins 2 (Mainichi led best-of-seven series 3-2)

The Orions scored a run in the top of the 9th inning to break a 2-2 tie as they edged the Robins before 12,630 fans at Nagoya Baseball Stadium. Winning pitcher Takeshi Nomura (2–0) and losing pitcher Shigeo Sanada (1–1) both pitched complete games.

60 years ago
1960

Died on this date
Jack Vainisi, 33. U.S. football scout and executive. Mr. Vainisi played tackle at the University of Notre Dame (1945) and then served with the United States Army occupation forces in Japan, playing for a service team. While there, he contracted rheumatic fever, which seriously weakened his heart. Mr. Vainisi began working with the Green Bay Packers in 1950 as scout and director of personnel, and over the next decade recruited many of the players who helped the Packers win five National Football League championships from 1961-1967, and also persuaded Vince Lombardi to join the Packers as head coach and general manager in 1959. Mr. Vainisi died of a heart attack, several weeks before the Packers played in their first championship game during his time with team. He was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 1982.

Hockey
NHL
Gordie Howe scored his 1,000th career National Hockey League point with an assist as he helped the Detroit Red Wings beat the Toronto Maple Leafs 2-0 at Olympia Stadium in Detroit. Howie Glover and Norm Ullman scored the goals, with Mr. Howe assisting on both. Terry Sawchuk made 23 saves to get the shutout in goal, and also assisted on Mr. Ullman's goal. Toronto goalie Johnny Bower made 26 saves.

Henry Richard's goal with 18 seconds remaining in the 2nd period broke a 0-0 tie, and Bill Hicke and Ralph Backstrom scored in the 3rd period as the Montreal Canadiens shut out the Boston Bruins 3-0 at Boston Garden. Charlie Hodge made 23 saves to get the shutout in goal, while Boston goalie Bruce Gamble made 38 saves.

Football
NFL
San Francisco (5-4) 30 @ Baltimore (6-3) 22
New York (5-3-1) 23 @ Philadelphia (8-1) 31
Washington (1-6-2) 10 @ Pittsburgh (4-5-1) 22
Cleveland (5-3-1) 17 @ St. Louis (5-4-1) 17
Dallas (0-10) 7 @ Chicago (5-3-1) 17

AFL
Buffalo (4-6-1) 38 @ Denver (4-6-1) 38
Oakland (5-6) 28 @ Los Angeles (7-4) 52

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Cracklin' Rosie--Neil Diamond (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): I'll Forgive and I'll Try to Forget--Margo

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 Cracklin' Rosie--Neil Diamond (2nd week at #1)
2 Cha-La-La, I Need You--Shuffles
3 Burning Bridges--The Mike Curb Congregation
4 Looky Looky--Giorgio
5 All the Tears in the World--Dave Mills
6 Black Night--Deep Purple
7 Woodstock--Matthews Southern Comfort
8 Paranoid--Black Sabbath
9 Montego Bay--Bobby Bloom
10 Like I Do--Barbara Ray and the 5th Association

Singles entering the chart were Zanzibar by Wanda Arletti (#18); Green Mamba by Tidal Wave (#19); and Yo Yo by Chris Andrews (#20).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 Fire and Rain--James Taylor (2nd week at #1)
2 Share the Land/Bus Rider--The Guess Who
3 The Tears of a Clown--Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
4 Gypsy Woman--Brian Hyland
5 See Me, Feel Me--The Who
6 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family
7 You Don't Have to Say You Love Me--Elvis Presley
8 Be My Baby--Andy Kim
9 No Matter What--Badfinger
10 Somebody's Been Sleeping--100 Proof Aged in Soul

Singles entering the chart were My Sweet Lord/Isn't it a Pity by George Harrison (#17); and Lonely Days by the Bee Gees (#30).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKVN)
1 Share the Land/Bus Rider--The Guess Who (2nd week at #1)
2 The Tears of a Clown--Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
3 See Me, Feel Me--The Who
4 Fire and Rain--James Taylor
5 Gypsy Woman--Brian Hyland
6 No Matter What--Badfinger
7 Heaven Help Us All--Stevie Wonder
8 Does Anybody Really Know What Time it Is?--Chicago
9 Let's Work Together--Canned Heat
10 He Ain't Heavy...He's My Brother--Neil Diamond

Singles entering the chart were My Sweet Lord/Isn't it a Pity by George Harrison (#20); Miss Ann by Delaney & Bonnie and Friends (#27); Lonely Days by the Bee Gees (#28); Your Song by Elton John (#29); and One Less Bell to Answer by the 5th Dimension (#30).

Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family (2nd week at #1)
2 Gypsy Woman--Brian Hyland
3 It's Only Make Believe--Glen Campbell
4 Heed the Call--Kenny Rogers and the First Edition
5 He Ain't Heavy...He's My Brother--Neil Diamond
6 El Condor Pasa--Simon & Garfunkel
7 We've Only Just Begun--Carpenters
8 Share the Land--The Guess Who
9 You Don't Have to Say You Love Me--Elvis Presley
10 After Midnight--Eric Clapton

On television tonight
The Interns, on CBS
Tonight's episode: Mondays Can Be Fatal

Died on this date
Helene Madison, 57. U.S. swimmer. Miss Madison, a native of Madison, Wisconsin, set 16 world records at various distances in a 16-month period in 1930-1931, and won gold medals in the women's 100-metre freestyle, 400-metre freestyle, and 4 x 100-metre freestyle events at the 1932 Summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles. She was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame in 1966, and died of throat cancer.

World events
Pope Paul VI continued his tour of Asia with a visit to Dacca, East Pakistan, followed by arrival in Manila, where he was attacked by a knife-wielding assailant in priest’s garb. The man, later identified as a Bolivian artist named Benjamin Mendoza y Amor Flores, was pushed back and could not hurt the pope. However, Stephen Cardinal Kim, Archbishop of Seoul, who was greeting the pope at the moment, was cut on the arm by the attacker, who was arrested and charged with attempted murder. The pope remained calm and composed, and continued his journey.



Terrorism
U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation Director J. Edgar Hoover told a Senate subcommittee that an antiwar group headed by Revs. Daniel and Philip Berrigan, brothers serving in jail for destroying draft records, were planning to kidnap a high U.S. government official and hold him for ransom to force a halt to U.S. air raids in Indochina, along with the release of "political prisoners" in the United States. The high government official was later identified as Henry Kissinger, an adviser to President Richard Nixon.

Defense
The Royal Canadian Navy destroyer HMCS Athabaskan was launched in Quebec City.

40 years ago
1980

Space
Soyuz T-3, with a crew of Leonid Kizim (Commander), Oleg Makarov (Flight Engineer), and Gennady Strekalov (Research Cosmonaut) aboard, lifted off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan to begin a 13-day mission aboard the Salyut 6 space station.



Politics and government
Italian Prime Minister Arnaldo Forlani refused to accept the resignation of Interior Minister Virginio Rognoni, who had offered to resign from the cabinet over criticism of the slowness and inefficiency of rescue operations after a wave of earthquakes had struck southern Italy on November 23-24. Mr. Forlani feared that the resignation of Mr. Rognoni might bring down the entire government.

30 years ago
1990

Died on this date
David White, 74. U.S. actor. Mr. White was best known for playing Larry Tate in the television comedy series Bewitched (1964-1972).

Politics and government
John Major was chosen leader of the British Conservative Party on the second ballot, and was designated to replace Margaret Thatcher as the country’s next Prime Minister.

Society
Soviet Defense Minister Dmitri Yazov sanctioned the use of force to combat a "breakdown" of order as the U.S.S.R. was moving toward implementing a treaty to create a Union of Sovereign Socialist Republics.

Journalism
National Football League Commissioner Paul Tagliabue levied $72,500 in fines against the New England Patriots and three of their players for harassing behaviour toward Boston Herald reporter Lisa Olson while she tried to interview one of the players, Maurice Hurst, after a game in September.

25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): I Don't Wanna Be a Star--Corona

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Gangsta's Paradise--Coolio featuring L.V. (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Gangsta's Paradise--Coolio featuring L.V. (5th week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Fantasy--Mariah Carey (2nd week at #1)
2 Runaway--Janet Jackson
3 Until I Hear it from You--Gin Blossoms
4 I Wish You Well--Tom Cochrane
5 Hand in My Pocket--Alanis Morissette
6 Back for Good--Take That
7 Name--Goo Goo Dolls
8 Do You Sleep?--Lisa Loeb and Nine Stories
9 Let it Rain--Amanda Marshall
10 As I Lay Me Down--Sophie B. Hawkins

Singles entering the chart were Beautiful Life by Ace of Base (#81); Free as a Bird by the Beatles (#89); Freedom by Colin James (#92); The Ghost of Tom Joad by Bruce Springsteen (#93); GoldenEye by Tina Turner (#95); and Dear God by Sarah McLachlan (#96). GoldenEye was the title song of the movie.

World events
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda opened in Tanzania.

Politics and government
Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien announced a plan to recognize Québec as a distinct society; give Québec, Ontario, the East and the West region a constitutional veto; and give the provinces more control over manpower and job training. The plan was based on promises made during the Québec sovereignty referendum campaign.

20 years ago
2000

Died on this date
Damilola Taylor, 10. U.K. schoolboy. The Negro boy, a victim of steady bullying, died from loss of blood from a stab wound in the leg when he was attacked by several Negro youths wearing hoodies in Peckham, south London.

Politics and government
The Liberal Party, under Prime Minister Jean Chretien, won a majority government in the Canadian federal election. The Liberals, who had also obtained majority governments in the elections of 1993 and 1997, won 41% of the vote and 172 of 301 seats in the House of Commons, an increase of 11 seats from the time of the dissolution of Parliament. The Canadian Alliance, under the "leadership" of the hapless and hopeless Stockwell Day, won only 66 seats, although Mr. Day himself was successful in being elected to Parliament for the first time. All but 2 of the CA’s seats came from the four western provinces, while the Liberals took 100 of 103 seats in Ontario. The Bloq Quebecois won 38 seats, the New Democratic Party 13, and the Progressive Conservatives, led by former Prime Minister Joe Clark, won 12. The election marked a low point in the history of Canadian politics. The Liberals waged a vicious campaign of hatred against the professed Christian beliefs of Mr. Day. For instance, Liberal backroom boy Warren Kinsella, who claims to be opposed to bigotry, went on television waving a stuffed "Barney" toy to ridicule Mr. Day’s belief in the Biblical account of creation. The anti-Christian hatred expressed by the Liberals was so bad that the Evangelical Fellowship of Canada, a non-partisan organization (in contrast to the Christian Coalition in the United States, which tends to be the religious wing of the Republican Party), publicly expressed concern over the campaign. Mr. Day, a former pastor, proved completely inept at defending the faith, and allowed the Liberals to define him and the campaign. David Kilgour, a former Progressive Conservative who joined the Liberals after the PCs got tired of him and kicked him out, was re-elected in Edmonton Mill Woods. He claims to be a Christian, but, in keeping with his career pattern of cowardice, refused to speak out against his party’s anti-Christian campaign.

Scandal
An inquest into the deaths of 12 babies at Winnipeg Health Sciences Centre blamed mismanagement, surgical error, and inexperienced doctors.

10 years ago
2010

Died on this date
Irvin Kershner, 87. U.S. movie and television director. Mr. Kershner directed independent movies such as The Hoodlum Priest (1961), but was better known in later years for blockbusters such as The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Never Say Never Again (1983). He was nominated for an Emmy Award for the made-for-television movie Raid on Entebbe (1977). Mr. Kershner died after suffering from lung cancer for several years.

Football
CIS
Vanier Cup @ PEPS Stadium, Quebec
Laval 29 Calgary 2

Sébastien Lévesque rushed 41 yards for a touchdown 4:27 into the game and Bruno Prud'homme passed 40 yards to Yannick Morin-Plante for a TD at 7:43 of the 1st quarter to provide the necessary scoring for the Rouge et Or as they took a 26-2 halftime lead and coasted to victory over the Dinos in a snowstorm before 16,237 fans. Chris Milo converted both touchdowns and added 5 field goals. The Laval defense allowed just 140 yards net offense, with the only Calgary points coming on an unecessarily conceded safety touch in the 2nd quarter. Mr. Lévesque rushed for 168 yards and was awarded the Ted Morris Memorial Trophy as the game's Most Valuable Player.