November 29, 2020

275 years ago
1745

War
French soldiers burned Saratoga and later Albany, New York to retaliate for the efforts of Mohawk Valley Indian trader William Johnson to get the Iroquois on the warpath.

260 years ago
1760

War
Major Robert Rogers obtained the surrender of French forces to the British at Fort Detroit.

240 years ago
1780

Died on this date
Maria Theresa, 63. Holy Roman Empress, 1745-1765. Maria Theresa, the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, married the future Emperor Francis I in 1736. She became Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Croatia upon her father's death in 1740, and ruled as an absolute monarch rather then ceding power to he husband. Maria Theresa became Queen of Bohemia in 1743, and became Empress when Francis I was elected Holy Roman Emperor. She was a devout Roman Catholic, and was intolerant of Protestants and Jews. Empress Maria Theresa implemented military, bureaucratic, legal, and educational reforms. When Emperor Francis I died in 1765, their son Joseph acceded to the throne. Maria Theresa died three years after suffering an attack of smallpox, from which she apparently never recovered.

190 years ago
1830

War
An armed rebellion against Russia's rule in Poland began in Warsaw when the young Polish officers from the local Army of the Congress Poland's military academy, led by Lieutenant Piotr Wysocki, revolted.

170 years ago
1850

Diplomacy
The Punctation of Olmütz was signed, by which Prussia abandoned the Erfurt Union and accepted the revival of the German Confederation under Austrian leadership.

130 years ago
1890

Politics and government
The Meiji Constitution went into effect in Japan, and the first Diet convened.

Football
U.S. college
Charles "Red" Emerich scored 4 touchdowns--then worth 4 points each--to lead the United States Naval Academy Midshipmen to a 24-0 win over the United States Military Academy Cadets at West Point, New York, in the first annual Army-Navy game.

125 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Yakima Canutt. U.S. cowboy, stuntman, and director. Enos Edward Canutt began a successful career as a rodeo rider as a teenager, winning numerous trophies in the late 1910s and early '20s, while appearing in bit parts in several movies before moving into stunt work. He worked on more than 300 films in a career spanning more than 40 years. In the 1940s he began directing films, and often worked as a second unit director of movies such as Ben-Hur (1959) and El Cid (1961). Mr. Canutt died of cardiac arrest on May 24, 1986 at the age of 90.

120 years ago
1900

Born on this date
Mildred Gillars. U.S. broadcaster and traitor. Miss Gillars, born Mildred Sisk, failed in attempts at becoming an actress before moving to Germany in 1934 and obtaining work as a radio announcer. She married a German national, who was killed in action during World War II. Miss Gillars made propaganda broadcasts during the war, and was nicknamed "Axis Sally" by Allied soldiers. She was arrested and detained after the war, and was eventually returned to the United States and convicted of one count of treason in 1949. Miss Gillars was paroled after 12 years in prison, and lived in a convent in Columbus, Ohio until her death on June 25, 1988 at the age of 87.

Disasters
23 spectators, mostly young people, were killed, and many more injured, when they fell through a roof of a factory across from Recreation Park Stadium in San Francisco. Despite warnings, 400 people clambered onto the roof in order to view the football game between Stanford University and the University of California. It remains the worst such disaster at a sports event in the United States.



Football
U.S. university
California 0 @ Stanford 5

100 years ago
1920

Born on this date
Joseph Shivers. U.S. chemist. Dr. Shivers was a textile chemist at DuPont in the 1950s when he helped to develop spandex. He died on September 1, 2014 at the age of 93.

Bob Wolff. U.S. sportscaster. Mr. Wolff had a career in radio and television lasting almost 80 years, longer than any sportscaster to date. He handled play-by-play duties for eight different team in five sports, but was perhaps best known as the voice of the Washington Senators/Minnesota Twins (1947-1961), and working on the NBC baseball Game of the Week (1962-1965). Mr. Wolff died on July 15, 2017 at the age of 96.

90 years ago
1930

Football
CRU
Eastern Final
Hamilton Tigers 5 @ Toronto Balmy Beach 8

Balmy Beach, champions of the Ontario Rugby Football Union, advanced to the Grey Cup on December 7 against the western champion Regina Roughriders.

80 years ago
1940

At the movies
The Bank Dick, starring W.C. Fields, opened in theatres.



War
A Hungarian dispatch reported that fighting between the Romanian government of Prime Minister Ion Antonescu and the fascist Iron Guard was verging on civil war. Chinese guerrillas dynamited a Shanghai-Nanking express train carrying Japanese and Chinese officials to Nanking for the signing of the "peace treaty" between Japan and the Japanese sponsored government led by Wang Ching-wei. Thailand ordered French nationals to evacuate frontier provinces within 24 hours, after Thai patrols clashed with Indochinese border guards at the Cambodian frontier.

Defense
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt reappointed Major General Thomas Holcomb as commandant of the Marine Corps for another four years.

Politics and government
U.S. President Roosevelt conferred with Representative Martin Dies (Democrat--Texas) on coordination of the work of the State and Justice Departments with the House Committee on Un-American Activities, chaired by Mr. Dies.

Economics and finance
U.S. Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles reported that understandings had been reached in principle on aid to Greece.

A seat on the New York Stock Exchange was sold for $33,000, the lowest price since 1899.

75 years ago
1945

At the movies
The Lost Weekend, directed by Billy Wilder and starring Ray Milland and Jane Wyman, received its premiere screening in Los Angeles.



War
British Prime Minister Clement Attlee reported that British Empire battle casualties during World War II had totalled 1,246,025, with 353,652 killed. The U.S. Senate committee investigating the December 7, 1941 Japanese attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii heard that Hawaii commanding General Walter Short had not received intercepted Japanese messages bearing on the forthcoming attack. Japanese Army General Tomoyuki Yamashita, on trial in Manila for war crimes, denied knowledge of atrocities committed under his command, and said that he would have punished the perpetrators if he had known. Films of 12 concntration camps were shown to the Nazi defendants at the war crimes trial in Nuremberg. Radio Moscow reported that the U.S.S.R. had agreed to the Chinese request that Soviet troop withdrawals from Manchuria be deferred until Nationalist forces were able to take over.

Europeana
The Constituent Assembly of Yugoslavia formally abolished the monarchy and declared the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia was declared. King Peter II was already in exile in the United Kingdom when he was deposed.

Diplomacy
U.S. President Harry Truman told reporters that he didn't favour further Big Three (U.S.A.; U.S.S.R.; U.K.) conferences, since the United Nations would soon be in a position to take over issues growing out of World War II. Mr. Truman modified his earlier support for a Palestine Jewish commonwealth, favouring formation of an Anglo-American fact-finding commission to study the Palestinian issue.

Iranian Ambassador to the United States Hussein Ala said that the U.S.S.R. had rejected Iran's request to send troops into Azerbaijan to put down the rebellion.

The International Women's Congress in Paris established the Women's International Democratic Federation with permanent headquarters there.

70 years ago
1950

War
Chinese Communist forces extended their penetration of United Nations lines to Sinchang, 30 miles northeast of Pyongyang.

Religion
The National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States was formally established in Cleveland by 600 church leaders, representing 25 Protestant denominations and 4 Eastern Orthodox Churches, with 31 million members. The NCC replaced the Federal Council of Churches.

Boxing
Former world heavyweight champion Joe Louis (59-2) won a 10-round unanimous decision over Argentine champion Cesar Brion (29-4) at Chicago Stadium.



60 years ago
1960

Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Frøken Johansen og jeg--Inger Jacobsen (4th week at #1)

On television tonight
Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond, hosted by John Newland, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Promise, starring William Shatner and Deirdre Owens



Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Money, starring Robert Loggia and Doris Dowling

Thriller, hosted by Boris Karloff, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Fatal Impulse, starring Robert Lansing, Elisha Cook, Jr., Whitney Blake, Conrad Nagel, and Mary Tyler Moore



50 years ago
1970

Religion
Pope Paul VI continued his tour of Asia with a final day in Manila, which included mass and a message to the poor.

Football
NFL
Boston (2-9) 14 @ Buffalo (3-7-1) 10
Minnesota (9-2) 10 @ New York Jets (4-7) 20
New York Giants (7-4) 27 @ Washington (4-7) 24
Chicago (4-7) 20 @ Baltimore (8-2-1) 21
Cleveland (5-6) 9 @ Pittsburgh (5-6) 28
New Orleans (2-8-1) 6 @ Cincinnati (5-6) 26
Philadelphia (2-8-1) 14 @ St. Louis (8-2-1) 23
San Diego (4-5-2) 14 @ Kansas City (6-3-2) 26
Denver (5-6) 21 @ Houston (3-7-1) 31
Los Angeles (7-3-1) 30 @ San Francisco (7-3-1) 13

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): You and Me--Spargo

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Super Trouper--ABBA

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): The Tide is High--Blondie (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Super Trouper--ABBA

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Never Knew Love Like This Before--Stephanie Mills
2 Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
3 Super Trouper--ABBA
4 Driver's Seat--Sniff 'n' the Tears
5 The Tide is High--Blondie
6 Release--Patti Labelle
7 Upside Down--Diana Ross
8 My Number One--Luv'
9 De Vogeltjesdans--De Electronica's
10 Aquarius--Gary Fane

Singles entering the chart were Lola (Live) by the Kinks (#28); Save the Whale by Kamahl (#31); Guilty by Barbra Streisand (#32); All Out of Love by Air Supply (#33); Baggy Trousers by Madness (#37); and Army Dreamers by Kate Bush (#39).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Lady--Kenny Rogers (3rd week at #1)
2 Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
3 The Wanderer--Donna Summer
4 Another One Bites the Dust--Queen
5 I'm Coming Out--Diana Ross
6 More than I Can Say--Leo Sayer
7 Master Blaster (Jammin')--Stevie Wonder
8 (Just Like) Starting Over--John Lennon
9 Love on the Rocks--Neil Diamond
10 Dreaming--Cliff Richard

Singles entering the chart were Hey Nineteen by Steely Dan (#65); 9 to 5 by Dolly Parton (#73); Need Your Loving Tonight by Queen (#76); Cold Love by Donna Summer (#81); Trickle Trickle by the Manhattan Transfer (#82); Smoky Mountain Rain by Ronnie Milsap (#83); Love T.K.O. by Teddy Pendergrass (#85); Miss Sun by Boz Scaggs (#87); Keep on Loving You by REO Speedwagon (#88); and Gypsy Spirit by Pendulum (#98). 9 to 5 was the title song of the movie.

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Lady--Kenny Rogers (3rd week at #1)
2 The Wanderer--Donna Summer
3 Master Blaster (Jammin’)--Stevie Wonder
4 Another One Bites the Dust--Queen
5 Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
6 More Than I Can Say--Leo Sayer
7 I’m Coming Out--Diana Ross
8 (Just Like) Starting Over--John Lennon
9 Dreaming--Cliff Richard
10 Lovely One--The Jacksons

Singles entering the chart were Hey Nineteen by Steely Dan (#41); Miss Sun by Boz Scaggs (#83); Love T.K.O. by Teddy Pendergrass (#84); Keep on Loving You by REO Speedwagon (#86); Need Your Loving Tonight by Queen (#87); Trickle Trickle by the Manhattan Transfer (#88); Easy Love by Dionne Warwick (#89); Smoky Mountain Rain by Ronnie Milsap (#90); and Teacher Teacher by Rockpile (#94).

#1 single in Canada (RPM): Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Dorothy Day, 83. U.S. social activist and journalist. Miss Day was a socialist who converted to Roman Catholicism and incorporated Catholic doctrine into her socialist and anarchist beliefs. She co-founded the Catholic Worker Movement in 1933, the same year she co-founded the newspaper Catholic Worker. Miss Day supported pacifism and most of the usual leftist causes until her death from a heart attack, three weeks after her 83rd birthday.

Football
CIAU
Canadian College Bowl @ Varsity Stadium, Toronto
Alberta 40 Ottawa 21

Forrest Kennerd completed 16 of 29 passes for a record 316 yards and 4 touchdowns to lead the Golden Bears over the Gee-Gees before 11,000 fans for their third Vanier Cup championship. Peter Eshenko caught 3 of Mr. Kennerd’s touchdown passes as Alberta built a 35-0 halftime lead. Rick Zmich started at quarterback for the Gee-Gees, but it was backup quarterback Yvon Granger who completed 20 passes and produced 3 touchdowns for Ottawa in the second half. Mr. Kennerd, playing his final game, won the Ted Morris Memorial Trophy as the game’s outstanding player.



NCAA
Georgia Tech (1-9-1) 20 @ Georgia (11-0) 38

Herschel Walker rushed for 205 yards and 3 touchdowns to lead the Bulldogs to their first perfect regular season record since they went 4-0 in 1896.

Navy 33 Army 7 @ Veterans Stadium, Philadelphia

This was the first Army-Navy game to be played at Veterans Stadium.

30 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Ooh Aah Paul McGrath--Watch Your House (2nd week at #1)

Diplomacy
The United Nations Security Council voted 12-2 to authorize military action if Iraq did not withdraw its troops from Kuwait and release all foreign hostages by January 15, 1991.

Politics and government
Andrei Lukanov resigned as Premier of Bulgaria, saying that he had been unable to create a consensus behind solutions for the country’s economic difficulties.

In his first speech in the House of Commons since becoming Prime Minister of Great Britain the previous day, John Major said that the U.K.’s policy toward the European Community and a review of the controversial local government poll tax would be at the top of his agenda.

Baseball
An investment group led by Montréal Expos' president Claude Brochu agreed to acquire the National League club from financier Charles Bronfman.

25 years ago
1995

Politics and government
Members of the opposition NLD party withdrew from the national convention in Myanmar on drafting a new constitution, claiming that the people's needs would not be heard.

Economics and finance
Ontario Premier Mike Harris vowed to cut $6.2 billion in spending over 3 years and balance the budget by 2000, as part of the "Common Sense Revolution" of his Progressive Conservative government.

10 years ago
2010

Died on this date
Mario Monicelli, 95. Italian director and screenwriter. Mr. Monicelli was a leader in the genre of Commedia all'Italiana (Comedy Italian style) with movies such as I soliti ignoti (Big Deal on Madonna Street) (1958) and La Grande Guerra (The Great War) (1959), and was nominated for six Academy Awards. He was suffering from prostate cancer when he committed suicide by jumping from thew window of a hospital room in Rome.

Stephen Solarz, 70. U.S.politician. Mr. Solarz, a Democrat, represented the 45th District in the New York State Assembly (1969-1974) and New York's 13th District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1975-1993). He was known for visiting various Southeast Asian countries. Mr. Solarz was one of many Congressmen who wrote hundreds of overdrafts on his House banking account, and the resulting scandal contributed to his defeat in the 1992 Democratic Party primary. He died of esophageal cancer.

Politics and government
Conservative Party candidates won Canadian federal by-elections in Dauphin-Swan River-Marquette (Manitoba) and Vaughan (Ontario), while the Liberals won in Winnipeg North (Manitoba).