Happy Birthday, Maurice Pratt!
500 years ago
1520
Exploration
The Strait of Magellan, the passage immediately south of mainland South America connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, was first discovered and navigated by Ferdinand Magellan during the first recorded circumnavigation voyage.
450 years ago
1570
Disasters
The All Saints' Flood devastated the Dutch coast, drowning 20,000 people.
320 years ago
1700
Died on this date
Carlos II, 38. King of Spain, 1665-1700. Carlos II acceded to the throne upon the death of his father Felipe IV; since he was a minor, much of his reign was governed by a regency under his mother Queen Mariana. King Carlos suffered from many health problems for his entire life; the extent to which they were the result of inbreeding remains the subject of debate. He died five days before his 39th birthday without fathering an heir, and was succeeded by Felipe V, grandson of King Louis XIV of France, leading to the War of the Spanish Succession.
230 years ago
1790
Literature
Edmund Burke published Reflections on the Revolution in France, in which he predicted that the French Revolution would end in disaster.
220 years ago
1800
Americana
John Adams became the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
200 years ago
1820
Politics and government
Voting began in the U.S. presidential election, where President and Democratic-Republican Party candidate James Monroe and Vice President Daniel D. Tompkins were running for re-election without any serious opposition. The voting went state-by-state, and concluded on November 14.
160 years ago
1860
Born on this date
Boies Penrose. U.S. politician. Mr. Penrose, a Republican, represented Philadelphia County in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives (1885) and represented the 6th District in the Pennsylvania Senate (1887-1897). He represented Pennsylvania in the U.S. Senate from 1897 until his death from a pulmonary thrombosis in his Washington penthouse at the age of 61 on December 31, 1921, in the year's last hour.
Economics and finance
While British currency was still accepted, decimal coinage became the official tender in New Brunswick – and new coins were not minted until 1862.
150 years ago
1870
Weather
The United States Weather Bureau made its first meteorological observations.
140 years ago
1880
Born on this date
Grantland Rice. U.S. sportswriter. Mr. Rice played football and baseball at Vanderbilt University at the turn of the 20th century, and coached the Vanderbilt baseball team in 1908. He worked at several newspapers before joing the New York Tribune in 1914, beginning his Sportlight column. Mr. Rice provided monthly Grantland Rice Sportlights for Paramount newsreels (1925-1954), and succeeded Walter Camp in 1925 in selecting College Football All-America Teams. He was famous for his flowery prose which portrayed athletes in a heroic light (e.g., describing the 1924 University of Notre Dame football backfield as the "Four Horsemen"), and contributed to the view of the 1920s as the "Golden Age of Sports." Mr. Rice died on July 13, 1954 at the age of 73, following a stroke.
Sholem Asch. Polish-born author. Mr. Asch, born Szalom Asz, wrote novels, plays, and essays in Yiddish in a career spanning more than 50 years. He died on July 10, 1957 at the age of 76.
130 years ago
1890
Football
ORFU
Final
Hamilton 7 @ Queen's College 4
Queen’s College protested the referee’s decision to call the game with 6 minutes remaining; the protest was initially upheld, but Hamilton refused to replay the game. The Tigers were eventually recognized as league champions.
100 years ago
1920
Born on this date
James J. Kilpatrick. U.S. journalist. Mr. Kilpatrick was editor of the Richmond News-Leader (1950-1966), and began writing the syndicated column A Conservative View in 1964. He was known for his opposition to court-imposed racial integration in the 1950s and '60s. Mr. Kilpatrick represented conservative views for Point-Counterpoint,, the closing segment of the television news program 60 Minutes, for nine years in the 1970s, opposite liberal commentators Nicholas von Hoffman, and later, Shana Alexander. Mr. Kilpatrick died on August 15, 2010 at the age of 89.
90 years ago
1930
Football
CRU
IRFU
Hamilton (3-0-1) 10 @ Ottawa (0-5) 1
Montreal (2-2-1) 3 @ Toronto (3-1) 5
80 years ago
1940
War
British forces landed at Suda Bay on Crete to aid the Greek resistance to Italy. Conflicting British and Italian communiques indicated that a fierce air battle was in progress in Egypt. Turkish President Ismet Inonu declared that Turkey would remain neutral in the Greco-Italian conflict, following the lead of the U.S.S.R., and would hold fast to her mutual defense treaty with the U.K.
Diplomacy
More than 200 Americans left Shanghai aboard the S.S. President Pierce at the request of the U.S. government.
Politics and government
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt charged that "the extreme reactionary and the extreme elements in this country" had formed an "unholy alliance" to elect Republican Party candidate Wendell Willkie as President of the United States on November 5. Mr. Roosevelt also alleged that "something evil is happening in this country" when a full-page Republican advertisement appeared in the Communist Daily Worker. Final figures for Mr. Willkie's personal campaign tour of the United States showed that he had travelled nearly 30,000 miles by train, plane, and automobile; visited 31 states; and made 540 speeches, making it the longest tour to date in U.S. political history.
Boxing
Ken Overlin (116-18-5) retained his New York State Athletic Commission world middleweight title with a majority 15-round decision over Steve Belloise (31-3-1) at Madison Square Garden in New York.
75 years ago
1945
World events
21 German bankers were arrested in the American occupation zone of Germany for investigation as war criminals.
Diplomacy
Australia joined the United Nations. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization conference in Quebec City ended with an appeal that constructive world action be taken to escape "atomic obliteration."
U.S. President Harry Truman directed U.S. Reparations Commission representative Edwin Pauley to go to Japan to work out a reparations program.
Terrorism
Palestine's transportation system was paralyzed by Zionist terrorist activities, which included the sabotaging of railroads at 50 points from Acre to Gaza, and damage to police launches at Jaffa.
Politics and government
David L. MacLaren of Saint John was appointed Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick.
The Soviet press agency Tass reported that the U.S.S.R. favoured a four-power control council for Japan, with an American as chairman.
The Dutch government ordered General Hubertus van Mook not to negotiate with rebel leader Sukarno in the Netherlands East Indies.
The U.S. Senate Military Affairs Committee made public a statement by General Dwight Eisenhower favouring the merger of the armed forces into a single government branch.
Archaeology
Iraq's top antiquities official, Dr. Naji al Asil, said that archaeologists had discovered evidence that human civilization existed near Ur 8,000 years ago, 2,000 years earlier than previously believed.
Crime
Robert E. Burns, 55, author of I am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang, who had been convicted in 1922 for a $5.85 holdup of an Atlanta grocer, surrendered to Georgia Governor Ellis Arnall, and the Georgia parole board commuted his 23-year sentence to time served.
Education
The United Nations education conference opened in London, with 42 nations represented. The U.S.S.R. was not present.
Journalism
The official North Korean newspaper Rodong Sinmun was first published under the name Chongro.
Economics and finance
The British government of Prime Minister Clement Attlee revealed plans to nationalize the civil aviation and communications industries.
70 years ago
1950
At the movies
The Jackpot, directed by Walter Lang, and starring James Stewart and Barbara Hale, opened in theatres.
The Sun Sets at Dawn, written, produced, and directed by Paul Sloane, and starring Sally Parr, Philip Shawn, and Walter Reed, opened in theatres.
Died on this date
Leslie Coffelt, 40. U.S. police officer. Mr. Coffelt began his career with the Metropolitan Police Department in Washington, D.C., and was transferred to the White House Police in 1942. He was fatally wounded while thwarting an assassination attempt on President Harry Truman by Puerto Rican independence activists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo at Blair House, where President Truman was living while the White House was undergoing renovation. Mr. Coffelt shot and killed Mr. Torresola, but died four hours later.
Griselio Torresola, 25. Puerto Rican terrorist. Mr. Torresola was a member of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party who moved to New York City in 1948. On October 30, 1950, his brother and sister participated in the Jayuya Uprising, one of several uprisings against American control of Puerto Rico that resulted in the imposition of martial law. Mr. Torresola and Oscar Collazo travelled by train from New York to Washington, and approached Blair House from different directions. Mr. Torresola shot White House policemen Leslie Coffelt and Joseph Downs and District of Columbia policeman Donald Birdzell. He was only 30 feet from President Truman, who was upstairs and looking outside after being awakened by gunfire. Despite being mortally wounded, Mr. Coffelt shot Mr. Torresola in the head, killing him instantly.
Terrorism
The assassination attempt against U.S. President Harry Truman, which lasted just 38 seconds from the time of the first shot, resulted in the death of Griselio Torresola and the wounding of Oscar Collazo (see video). Mr. Collazo was convicted of murder and sentenced to death. President Truman commuted his sentence to life imprisonment, and in 1979, President Jimmy Carter further commuted Mr. Collazo's sentence to time served; the would-be assassin was paroled and returned to Puerto Rico, where he died on February 21, 1994 at the age of 80.
Diplomacy
After surviving the assassination attempt, U.S. President Truman went to Arlington National Cemetery to dedicate a statue of Sir John Dill, Chief of the British Joint Staff Mission and then Senior British Representative on the Combined Chiefs of Staff during World War II, who had played a major role in the formation of the "special relationship" between the U.S. and U.K. before his death in 1944 at the age of 62.
Religion
Pope Pius XII promulgated the bull Munificentissimus Deus: Defining the Dogma of the Assumption. Since the First Vatican Council decreed in 1870 that the pope is infallible when speaking ex cathedra, this is the only time the doctrine of papal infallibility has been invoked.
From paragraph 44 of Munificentissimus Deus:
...we pronounce, declare, and define it to be a divinely revealed dogma: that the Immaculate Mother of God, the ever Virgin Mary, having completed the course of her earthly life, was assumed body and soul into heavenly glory.
There is no scriptural evidence to support this dogma, as the Catholic Encyclopedia admits:
The earliest known literary reference to the Assumption is found in the Greek work De Obitu S. Dominae. Catholic faith, however, has always derived our knowledge of the mystery from Apostolic Tradition...
...The belief in the corporeal assumption of Mary is founded on the apocryphal treatise De Obitu S. Dominae, bearing the name of St. John, which belongs however to the fourth or fifth century. It is also found in the book De Transitu Virginis, falsely ascribed to St. Melito of Sardis, and in a spurious letter attributed to St. Denis the Areopagite. If we consult genuine writings in the East, it is mentioned in the sermons of St. Andrew of Crete, St. John Damascene, St. Modestus of Jerusalem and others. In the West, St. Gregory of Tours (De gloria mart., I, iv) mentions it first...
...St. John of Damascus (P.G., I, 96) thus formulates the tradition of the Church of Jerusalem:
St. Juvenal, Bishop of Jerusalem, at the Council of Chalcedon (451), made known to the Emperor Marcian and Pulcheria, who wished to possess the body of the Mother of God, that Mary died in the presence of all the Apostles, but that her tomb, when opened, upon the request of St. Thomas, was found empty; wherefrom the Apostles concluded that the body was taken up to heaven.
60 years ago
1960
Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Everybody's Somebody's Fool--Connie Francis (8th week at #1)
On television tonight
Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond, hosted by John Newland, on ABC
Tonight's episode: To Know the End, starring Alex Davion and Sally Fraser
Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Pen Pal, starring Katherine Squire, Clu Gulager, and Stanley Adams
Thriller, hosted by Boris Karloff, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Watcher, starring Martin Gabel, Olive Sturgess, and Richard Chamberlain
Football
CRU
ORFU
Finals
Detroit @ London, postponed (1st game of 2-game total points series)
Inclement weather forced a postponement. The series would now open on November 5 in Port Huron.
50 years ago
1970
Died on this date
Robert Staughton Lynd, 78. U.S. sociologist. Dr. Lynd taught at Columbia University from 1931-1960. He was a pioneer in the use of social surveys, and with his wife Helen, co-authored Middletown: A Study in Contemporary American Culture (1929) and Middletown in Transition: A Study in Cultural Conflicts (1937), studies of Muncie, Indiana. Dr. Lynd served on various government committees and advisory boards, including those created by U.S. Presidents Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Politics and government
Joseph Mobutu, who had taken power in a military coup five years earlier, was "elected" President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, receiving all but 157 of 10.1 million votes. Mr. Mobutu, leader of the Popular Movement of the Revolution (MPR), was the only candidate.
Disasters
A nightclub fire near the French town of St. Laurent du Pont killed 146 people, most of them teenagers.
Football
CFL
Hamilton (8-5-1) 18 @ Montreal (7-6-1) 18
Calgary (9-7) 11 @ Winnipeg (2-14) 6
Saskatchewan (14-2) 33 @ British Columbia (6-10) 13
Moses Denson rushed 1 yard for a touchdown and George Springate converted with 49 seconds remaining in the game to lift the Alouettes into a tie with the Tiger-Cats before 25,886 fans at Autostade. The Alouettes needed a win to finish in first place ahead of Hamilton and Toronto in the Eastern Football Conference, and Montreal head coach Sam Etcheverry told Justin Canale to try and put his kickoff into the Hamilton end zone for a single point, but the kick fell 7 yards short of the goal line, and the Tiger-Cats ran out the clock to clinch first place, dropping the Alouettes to third. Tommy-Joe Coffey opened the scoring with a 15-yard field goal with 8 seconds remaining in the 1st quarter after the Tiger-Cats recovered a fumble by Montreal fullback Dennis Duncan. Two minutes later, Hamilton quarterback Wally Gabler completed a 17-yard touchdown pass to Al Irwin; Mr. Coffey’s convert made the score 10-0. Montreal quarterback Sonny Wade completed a 5-yard pass to Tom Pullen early in the 2nd quarter, converted by Mr. Springate. Mr. Springate missed a 26-yard field goal in the 3rd quarter that went for a single point, leaving the Tiger-Cats ahead 10-8 going into the final quarter. Mr. Springate was successful on a 36-yard field goal early in the quarter to put the Alouettes ahead 11-10, but Hamilton regained the lead midway through the quarter on a 24-yard touchdown run by Dick Wesolowski, converted by Mr. Coffey. Mr. Coffey’s 22-yard field goal attempt was wide and went for a single with 3:11 remaining, increasing the Hamilton lead to 18-11. Montreal defensive back Richie Davis suffered a season-ending knee injury, while it was the last appearance in a Montreal uniform for both Mr. Duncan and receiver Bob McCarthy. They had both been out on the town the night before the game, and when Mr. Etcheverry found out about it a few days later, he suspended the two for the balance of the post-season. It was also the last CFL game for Hamilton backup quarterback John Eckman, whose penchant for throwing interceptions while filling in for injured starter Joe Zuger had prompted the team to acquire Mr. Gabler from the Winnipeg Blue Bombers in late September. Mr. Eckman was dropped from the active roster when Mr. Zuger was healthy enough to play in the Eastern finals.
Larry Lawrence completed a 4-yard touchdown pass to Herm Harrison and Larry Robinson added a convert, field goal, and single as the Stampeders defeated the Blue Bombers in front of just 10,131 fans at Winnipeg Stadium. Mr. Robinson’s field goal, from 29 yards in the 3rd quarter, was the 115th of his CFL career, passing Don Sutherin for first place on the career list.
R.C. Gamble, playing his second game at fullback for the injured George Reed, rushed 19 times for 131 yards and 2 touchdowns as the Roughriders finished the season with the best record in the club’s history. Ron Lancaster started at quarterback for the Roughriders and completed a 16-yard pass to Gord Barwell in the 3rd quarter. Gary Lane relieved Mr. Lancaster late in the quarter and rushed 1 yard for his only CFL touchdown. The final Saskatchewan major came when Silas McKinnie rushed 5 yards for the score after Al Ford completed a 31-yard pass to Dave Denny on a fake punt with just 19 seconds remaining. Jack Abendschan was successful on 3 of 5 converts. The Lions, who trailed 7-0 after the 1st quarter, scored all their points in the 2nd quarter. Former CFL rushing leader Lovell Coleman, playing the final game of his 10-year career, rushed 1 yard for a touchdown. Ted Gerela converted and kicked 2 field goals. Mr. Coleman, who was playing in place of injured star fullback Jim Evenson, carried 8 times for 25 yards. The touchdown was his first since 1967, when he was with the Calgary Stampeders. Paul Brothers started at quarterback for B.C. and gave way to Vidal Carlin in the 3rd quarter. Mr. Carlin, in what turned out to be his final CFL game, gave up 3 interceptions before Mr. Brothers returned in the 4th quarter. It was also the final game for Jackie Parker as head coach of the Lions; he moved upstairs after the season and became the team’s general manager after Denny Veitch was fired. Attendance at Empire Stadium in Vancouver was 23,739.
NFL
Buffalo (3-4) 45 @ Boston (1-6) 10
New York Giants (4-3) 22 @ New York Jets (1-6) 10
Miami (4-3) 0 @ Baltimore (6-1) 35
Chicago (3-4) 23 @ Atlanta (3-4) 14
Los Angeles (5-2) 30 @ New Orleans (1-5-1) 17
Minnesota (6-1) 30 @ Detroit (5-2) 17
San Diego (2-3-2) 27 @ Cleveland (4-3) 10
Houston (2-4-1) 0 @ St. Louis (5-2) 44
Oakland (3-2-2) 17 @ Kansas City (3-3-1) 17
Philadelphia (0-7) 17 @ Dallas (5-2) 21
Washington (4-3) 19 @ Denver (4-3) 3
Green Bay (4-3) 10 @ San Francisco (5-1-1) 26
Baseball
Nippon Series
Yomiuri Giants 5 @ Lotte Orions 6 (Yomiuri led best-of-seven series 3-1)
40 years ago
1980
Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Amico--Renato Zero (5th week at #1)
#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
#1 single in Ireland: Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand (2nd week at #1)
Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 Santa Maria--Oliver Onions (3rd week at #1)
2 Upside Down--Diana Ross
3 Matador--Garland Jeffreys
4 Xanadu--Olivia Newton John/Electric Light Orchestra
5 Dreamin'--Cliff Richard
6 Ashes to Ashes--David Bowie
7 The Winner Takes it All--ABBA
8 Ten O'Clock Postman--Secret Service
9 Emotional Rescue--The Rolling Stones
10 You'll Always Find Me in the Kitchen at Parties--Jona Lewie
Singles entering the chart were Dreamin'; Ashes to Ashes; and Johnny and Mary by Robert Palmer (#18).
Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand (3rd week at #1)
2 Master Blaster - Jammin'--Stevie Wonder
3 Don't Stand So Close to Me--The Police
4 Upside Down--Diana Ross
5 Give Me Back My Love--Maywood
6 Feels Like I'm in Love--Kelly Marie
7 What You're Proposing--Status Quo
8 Some Broken Hearts Never Mend--Telly Savalas
9 One Day I'll Fly Away--Randy Crawford
10 Never Knew Love Like This Before--Stephanie Mills
Singles entering the chart were Aquarius by Gary Fane (#25); The Tide is High by Blondie (#26); All My Love by George Baker (#27); and When You Ask About Love! by Matchbox (#31).
U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand (2nd week at #1)
2 Another One Bites the Dust--Queen
3 He's So Shy--Pointer Sisters
4 Lady--Kenny Rogers
5 Real Love--The Doobie Brothers
6 The Wanderer--Donna Summer
7 Upside Down--Diana Ross
8 Never Knew Love Like This Before--Stephanie Mills
9 I'm Coming Out--Diana Ross
10 Master Blaster (Jammin')--Stevie Wonder
Singles entering the chart were Love on the Rocks by Neil Diamond (#32); (Just Like) Starting Over by John Lennon (#38); Guilty by Barbra Streisand (Duet with Barry Gibb) (#68); Sequel by Harry Chapin (#70); Girls Can Get It by Dr. Hook (#80); and Don't Say No by Billy Burnette (#85). Love on the Rocks was from the movie The Jazz Singer (1980). Sequel was a sequel to Mr. Chapin's 1972 hit Taxi.
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
2 Another One Bites the Dust--Queen
3 He's So Shy--Pointer Sisters
4 Upside Down--Diana Ross
5 Lady--Kenny Rogers
6 The Wanderer--Donna Summer
7 Real Love--The Doobie Brothers
8 I'm Alright (Theme from "Caddyshack")--Kenny Loggins
9 Jesse--Carly Simon
10 Never Knew Love Like This Before--Stephanie Mills
Singles entering the chart were Love on the Rocks by Neil Diamond (#36); (Just Like) Starting Over by John Lennon (#41); Guilty by Barbra Streisand (Duet with Barry Gibb) (#56); The Beat Goes On by the Kings (#68, charting with its B-side, Switchin' to Glide); Sequel by Harry Chapin (#70); Celebration by Kool & The Gang (#83); and Girls Can Get It by Dr. Hook (#84).
U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Another One Bites the Dust--Queen (5th week at #1)
2 Woman in Love--Barbra Streisand
3 Lady--Kenny Rogers
4 Upside Down--Diana Ross
5 The Wanderer--Donna Summer
6 He's So Shy--Pointer Sisters
7 Jesse--Carly Simon
8 Xanadu--Olivia Newton-John/Electric Light Orchestra
9 Real Love--The Doobie Brothers
10 Never Knew Love Like This Before--Stephanie Mills
Singles entering the chart were Love on the Rocks by Neil Diamond (#30); (Just Like) Starting Over by John Lennon (#34); Guilty by Barbra Streisand (Duet with Barry Gibb) (#55); Sequel by Harry Chapin (#74); Switchin' to Glide by the Kings (#85); Girls Can Get It by Dr. Hook (#88); and Uptown by Prince (#97).
#1 single in Canada (RPM): Another One Bites the Dust--Queen (2nd week at #1)
Hockey
NHL
Colorado 5 @ Toronto 4
Football
CFL
Edmonton (13-3) 44 @ Montreal (8-8) 14
Warren Moon threw 3 touchdown passes in the 1st quarter and Jim Germany rushed for 2 more in the 2nd quarter as the Eskimos built a 35-7 halftime lead and coasted to victory before 42,234 fans at Olympic Stadium. Brian Fryer, who caught 5 passes for 84 yards and recovered 2 Montreal fumbles, scored the first touchdown on a 15-yard pass from Mr. Moon. Tom Scott scored the other 1st-quarter touchdowns on passes of 44 and 33 yards. The Alouettes got on the scoreboard early in the 2nd quarter on a 75-yard pass from Gerry Dattilio to Skip Walker before Mr. Germany scored from 51 yards on a second down-and 10-yards-to-go draw play, and rushed for a 6-yard touchdown in the final minute of the half. After a scoreless 3rd quarter, the Eskimos scored on a single by Dave Cutler on a missed field goal, and Tom Wilkinson, who relieved Mr. Moon in the second half at quarterback for the Eskimos, completed an 11-yard touchdown pass to Danny Buggs. Mr. Cutler kicked his 6th convert of the game and added a single on the subsequent kickoff. Steve Grant replaced Mr. Dattilio at quarterback for the Alouettes and drove the team for a touchdown, handing off to David Green for a 1-yard score with 30 seconds remaining. Gerry McGrath added his second convert of the game. Mr. Germany carried 10 times for 89 yards, giving him 1,019 yards for the season. Neil Lumsden added 51 yards on 10 carries. Mr. Green led the Montreal ground game with 53 yards on 11 carries. Mr. Walker led all receivers with 146 yards on 5 receptions.
CIAU
OUAA Semi-Finals
Wilfrid Laurier 30 @ Toronto 0
Guelph 29 @ Western Ontario 36
Baseball
Nippon Series
Hiroshima Toyo Carp 6 @ Kintetsu Buffaloes 2 (Best-of-seven series tied 3-3)
30 years ago
1990
Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): I Useta Lover--The Saw Doctors (7th week at #1)
Politics and government
Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney announced the creation of the Citizens’ Forum on Canada’s Future, a national commission to hold televised town meetings across the country to allow ordinary Canadians to speak out on issues concerning national unity. Keith Spicer resigned as chairman of the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission to head the panel, although he admitted "there is a very high potential for fiasco." The announcement of the commission was greeted with skepticism in Quebec.
British Deputy Prime Minister Sir Geoffrey Howe resigned because of his disagreement with Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher’s policies toward Europe and her opposition to a single European currency.
25 years ago
1995
War
Bosnia peace talks opened in Dayton, Ohio.
20 years ago
2000
Indianica
Chhattisgarh officially became the 26th state of India, formed from 16 districts of eastern Madhya Pradesh.
Diplomacy
The Republic of Serbia and Montenegro joined the United Nations.
Former Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres and Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat met and agreed on steps to end the month-long eruption of violence in their territories.
Disasters
48 people were killed when a Russian-built Antonov plane crashed in northern Angola.
Football
CFL
Chicago-based sports marketing executive Michael Lysko was named Canadian Football League commissioner.
10 years ago
2010
Baseball
World Series
San Francisco Giants 3 @ Texas Rangers 1 (San Francisco won best-of-seven series 4-1)
Edgar Renteria's 3-run home run with 2 out in the top of the 7th inning broke a 0-0 tie, and Tim Lincecum (2-0) allowed 3 hits in 8 innings as the Giants beat the Rangers before 52,045 fans at Rangers Ballpark in Arlington for their first World Series championship since 1954, when they were the New York Giants. Nelson Cruz hit a solo homer with 1 out in the bottom of the 7th for the Texas run. Mr. Renteria was named the Series' Most Valuable Player.
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