December 19, 2021

1,620 years ago
401

Died on this date
Anastasius I. Roman Catholic Pope, 399-401. Anastasius I, born Anastasio de Massimi, was from a noble Roman family, and succeeded Siricius as Bishop of Rome. He was best known for his condemnation of the writings of the Alexandrian heretic Origen. Pope Anastasius I was succeeded by his son Innocent I.

280 years ago
1741

Died on this date
Vitus Bering, 60. Danish explorer. Commander Bering was a cartographer served in the Russian Navy and led the First Kamchatka Expedition (1725-1731), which explored the Asian Pacific Coast, and the Great Northern Expedition (1733-1743), which explored the Arctic coast of Siberia and parts of the North American coastline. He died of scurvy on an uninhabited island, later named in his honour, near the Kamchatka Peninsula. The Bering Strait and Bering Sea are among the things named in Commander Bering's honour.

225 years ago
1796

War
Two British frigates under Commodore Horatio Nelson and two Spanish frigates under Commodore Don Jacobo Stuart engaged in battle off the coast of Murcia. One Spanish frigate was captured and another damaged before Spanish reinforcements drove the British off and recaptured the lost ship.

175 years ago
1846

Communications
The mayors of Toronto and Hamilton exchanged greetings to open Canada's first telegraph service; the line ran between Toronto and Hamilton over lines of the Toronto, Hamilton, Niagara and St. Catharines Electro-Magnetic Telegraph Company, founded October 22, 1846. The first message was from Hamilton: “Well, advise Mr. Gamble (the President of the company) that Mr. Dawson will speak to him at half-past one.”

170 years ago
1851

Died on this date
J.M.W. Turner, 76. U.K. artist. Joseph Mallord William Turner was known for his landscapes and seascapes, many of the latter showing the violence of nature. He left behind more than 550 oil paintings, 2,000 watercolours, and 30,000 works on paper. Mr. Turner died of cholera after years of declining health.

130 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Edward Bernard Raczyński. 4th President-in-exile of Poland, 1979-1986. Count Raczyński was a career diplomat who fled to the United Kingdom early in World War II, and held various positions in the government-in-exile before assuming the presidency at the age of 87. He resigned seven years later, and died in London at the age of 101 on July 30, 1993.

Football
CRU
The Canadian Rugby Union was founded.

120 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Oliver La Farge. U.S. anthropologist and author. Mr. La Farge explored Olmec sites in Mexico in 1925 and Native American sites in New Mexico after moving there in 1933. He wrote fiction and non-fiction, often about Native American culture. Mr. La Farge's novel Laughing Boy (1929), about a Navajo's difficulties in attempting to reconcile his culture with that of the United States, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Mr. La Farge died on August 2, 1963 at the age of 61.

Rudolf Hell. German engineer. Dr. Hell demonstrated a photo-electric image splitting tube for television in 1925 that worked in principle but was useless for practical use. In 1929, he founded his own company and received a patent for the Hellschreiber, an early forerunner to impact dot matrix printers and faxes. Dr. Hell developed a new type of Morse code machine in 1931, and in 1951 invented a printing machine known as the Klischograph. In 1963, he introduced a scanner called the Chromograph, and in 1965 he introduced the Digiset, a digital typesetting machine. Dr. Hell retired in 1972, and died on March 11, 2002 at the age of 100.

Politics and government
The Conseil fédéré des métiers (Federation of Trades Council) (CFM) announced that it would support a list of candidates for the municipal elections to be held in Montreal on February 1, 1902.

110 years ago
1911

Skiing
The Edmonton Ski Club was founded.

80 years ago
1941

Died on this date
John Kelburne Lawson, 54. Canadian military officer. Brigadier Lawson was commander of the West Brigade on the island of Hong Kong during the Japanese invasion; with his headquarters surrounded, he went out to meet the enemy with a pistol, and was fatally shot eight days before his 55th birthday, becoming the highest-ranking Canadian soldier killed during World War II.

John Robert Osborn, 42. U.K.-born Canadian soldier. Company Sergeant Major Osborn of the Winnipeg Grenadiers, leading a bayonet charge against the Japanese on Mount Butler, Hong Kong, threw himself on a Japanese grenade to save his comrades' lives, two weeks before his 43rd birthday; he was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross, becoming the first Canadian so honoured during World War II.

War
Nicaragua declared war on Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria. German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler appointed himself as head of the Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH), the Supreme High Command of the Wehrmacht; he replaced Feldmarschall Walther von Brauchitsch. The U.K. battleships HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Valiant, moored in the harbour at Alexandria, Egypt, were severely damaged by the detonation of limpet mines that had been attached to their hulls the previous day by Italian "human torpedoes" who had been launched from a submarine that had penetrated the harbour. In New Zealand’s worst naval tragedy, the Royal Navy cruiser HMS Neptune struck enemy mines and sank off Libya; of the 764 men who lost their lives, 150 were New Zealanders. The British command announced that the Derma airport, 170 miles inside Libya, had been captured the previous day. British forces abandoned their base on Penang Island as Japanese forces pressed forward. Portuguese Prime Minister Antonio de Oliveira Salazar demanded that the U.K. and Netherlands withdraw their occupation forces from Portuguese Timor immediately. The entire Philippine Army was inducted into the U.S. Far Eastern Army under Lieutenant General Douglas MacArthur. Both houses of the United States Congress quickly passed a conference-approved draft bill requiring all men aged 18-64 to register, and making those aged 20-44 subject to military service. The U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill requiring the Communist Party USA and the German-American Bund to register with the Justice Department as agents of foreign governments.

Politics and government
Cuban President Fulgencio Batista signed a congressional resolution declaring a state of national emergency and granting him special war powers.

Boxing
National Boxing Association world champion Sammy Angott (65-16-5) won a 15-round unanimous decision over New York State Athletic Commission world champion Lew Jenkins (50-19-5) at Madison Square Garden in New York to win the undisputed world lightweight title.

75 years ago
1946

At the movies
It's A Wonderful Life, directed by Frank Capra and starring James Stewart and Donna Reed, received a preview screening for charity at the Globe Theatre in New York City, a day before its official premiere.



War
The First Indochina War began when Vietnamese nationalists led by Ho Chi Minh attacked French districts in Hanoi and seized French civilians as hostages.

The U.S.S.R. signed a pact with the U.S.A. to repatriate Japanese prisoners now in Soviet-held areas at the rate of 50,000 per month.

Politics and government
Ricardo Guardo and Silvio Pontieri resigned as President and Vice President, respectively, of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies.

Society
U.S. President Harry Truman announced that he was not satisfied with the execution of his December 1945 directive on refugee immigration, and set aside four ships to transport refugees to the United States.

Law
A U.S. federal grand jury in Atlanta ended a three-week inquiry into the July 25, 1946 murder of four Negroes without being able to identify any of the guilty parties.

Scandal
In the final session of a U.S. Senate investigation of his conduct, Sen. Theodore Bilbo (Democrat--Mississippi) testified for six hours, and denied all charges of accepting bribes and other wrongdoing.

Archaeology
Roland Collier of the Chicago Natural History Museum announced that relics of eight separate Indian civilizations, the oldest dating back almost 2,000 years, had been discovered in the Viru Valley in Peru.

Labour
The U.K. National Coal Board ordered a five-day week for workers in state owned mines, beginning May 5, 1947.

70 years ago
1951

Theatre
Caesar and Cleopatra by George Bernard Shaw, directed by Michael Benthall, and starring Laurence Olivier and Vivien Leigh, opened at the Ziegfeld Theatre on Broadway in New York. It ran in repertory with Antony and Cleopatra, which opened the following night.

Died on this date
Barton Yarborough, 51. U.S. actor. Mr. Yarborough was known for his work in radio, playing Clifford Barbour in the soap opera One Man's Family (1932-1951), and playing Doc Long in the adventure series I Love a Mystery (1939-1944); he also played the latter character in three movies. Mr. Yarborough played Ben Romero in the radio (1949-1951) and television (1951) series Dragnet. He died four days after suffering a heart attack, which occurred the day after the conclusion of filming of the second episode of the Dragnet television series; his death occurred three days after the first episode was broadcast.

War
White House Press Secretary Joseph Short charged that the Communist list of United Nations prisoners in Korea was incomplete and inaccurate, pointing out that the UN command listed 70,000 men as missing in action who were not on the list.

World events
The Soviet news agency Tass charged that two U.S.-trained spies parachuted into the Moldavian Soviet Republic from an American plane the previous summer had later been captured and executed.

Defense
The United Nations General Assembly's Political and Security Committee approved the creation of a Disarmament Commission under the Security Council to work for the "balanced reduction of armed forces and armaments."

South Americana
Colombian President Roberto Urdaneta Arbelas signed a bill establishing Cordoba as the country's 16th department.

Crime
New York U.S. Federal Judge Sylvester Ryan found convicted Communist Party U.S.A. general secretary Gus Hall guilty of criminal contempt of court for fleeing the country to avoid serving a five-year prison term for conspiracy.

Business
U.S. Federal Trade Commission Chairman James Mead ordered a crackdown on the "great wave of mergers" which, he charged, violated anti-monopoly regulations.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): When the Girl in Your Arms is the Girl in Your Heart--Cliff Richard and the Norrie Paramor Orchestra (5th week at #1)

On television tonight
Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Right Kind of Medicine, starring Robert Redford, Russell Collins, and Joby Baker

Indianica
India annexed Daman and Diu, part of Portuguese India.

Communications
Canadian Prime Minister John Diefenbaker spoke to Queen Elizabeth II by the new CANTAT cable, carrying voice, picture, and teletype message. It was the first link in the new round-the-world Commonwealth communications system.

Boxing
Cleveland Williams (55-5-1) knocked out Jim Wiley (7-16-3) just 55 seconds into the 1st round of a heavyweight bout at Sam Houston Coliseum in Houston.



50 years ago
1971

On television tonight
The Homecoming: A Christmas Story, on CBS

This made-for-television movie achieved good ratings and inspired the series The Waltons.



Hockey
NHL
Toronto (15-9-8) 4 @ Philadelphia (10-16-5) 0

Guy Trottier scored the first and last goals and Jacques Plante made 25 saves to get the shutout in goal for the Maple Leafs as they shut out the Flyers at the Spectrum in the Sunday night broadcast on CBC radio.

Football
NFL
Cleveland (9-5) 21 @ Washington (9-4-1) 13
San Diego (6-8) 33 @ Houston (4-9-1) 49
Buffalo (1-13) 9 @ Kansas City (10-3-1) 22
Cincinnati (4-10) 21 @ New York Jets (6-8) 35
Denver (4-9-1) 13 @ Oakland (8-4-2) 21
Green Bay (4-8-2) 6 @ Miami (10-3-1) 27
Philadelphia (5-8-1) 41 @ New York Giants (4-10) 28
Detroit (7-6-1) 27 @ San Francisco (9-5) 31
Los Angeles (8-5-1) 23 @ Pittsburgh (6-8) 14
Minnesota (11-3) 27 @ Chicago (6-8) 10
Atlanta (7-6-1) 24 @ New Orleans (4-8-2) 14
New England (6-8) 21 @ Baltimore (10-4) 17

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Cicale--Heather Parisi (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Pretend--Alvin Stardust (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Don't You Want Me--The Human League

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Don't You Want Me--The Human League

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Don't You Want Me--The Human League (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Why Do Fools Fall in Love--Diana Ross
2 Under Pressure--Queen & David Bowie
3 Annie--Miggy
4 Wünderbar--Tenpole Tudor
5 One of Us--ABBA
6 Let's Start II Dance Again--Bohannon
7 It's Raining--Shakin' Stevens
8 Pretend--Alvin Stardust
9 Should I Do It--Pointer Sisters
10 I Go to Sleep--Pretenders

Singles entering the chart were Daddy's Home by Cliff Richard (#28); Menergy by Patrick Crowley (#30); S.T.O.P. by Dolly Dots (#32); Live it Up by Time Bandits (#35); and Ik Heb Alleen Nog Maar Die Foto by Hepie en Hepie (#36).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Physical--Olivia Newton-John (5th week at #1)
2 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
3 Let's Groove--Earth, Wind & Fire
4 Oh No--Commodores
5 Young Turks--Rod Stewart
6 I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)--Daryl Hall & John Oates
7 Why Do Fools Fall in Love--Diana Ross
8 Harden My Heart--Quarterflash
9 Don't Stop Believin'--Journey
10 Leather and Lace--Stevie Nicks with Don Henley

Singles entering the chart were Feel Like a Number by Bob Seger & the Silver Bullet Band (#79); Those Good Old Dreams by the Carpenters (#82); One Hundred Ways by Quincy Jones featuring James Ingram (#83); Love is Like a Rock by Donnie Iris (#87); and It's My Party by Dave Stewart with Barbara Gaskin (#96).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Physical--Olivia Newton-John (5th week at #1)
2 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
3 Let's Groove--Earth, Wind and Fire
4 Oh No--Commodores
5 I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)--Daryl Hall & John Oates
6 Young Turks--Rod Stewart
7 Why Do Fools Fall in Love--Diana Ross
8 Every Little Thing She Does is Magic--The Police
9 Don't Stop Believin'--Journey
10 Harden My Heart--Quarterflash

Singles entering the chart were Somewhere Down the Road by Barry Manilow (#76); Feel Like a Number by Bob Seger & the Silver Bullet Band (#78); Every Home Should Have One by Patti Austin (#86); Love is Like a Rock by Donnie Iris (#88); Southern Pacific by Neil Young & Crazy Horse (#89); and Those Good Old Dreams by the Carpenters (#90).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Physical--Olivia Newton-John (5th week at #1)
2 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
3 Let's Groove--Earth, Wind & Fire
4 Private Eyes--Daryl Hall & John Oates
5 Young Turks--Rod Stewart
6 Why Do Fools Fall in Love--Diana Ross
7 I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)--Daryl Hall & John Oates
8 Harden My Heart--Quarterflash
9 Don't Stop Believin'--Journey
10 Trouble--Lindsey Buckingham

Singles entering the chart included Somewhere Down the Road by Barry Manilow (#74); Little Darlin' by Sheila (#75); Abacab by Genesis (#79); Every Home Should Have One by Patti Austin (#84); Keeping Our Love Alive by the Henry Paul Band (#87); Feel Like a Number by Bob Seger & the Silver Bullet Band (#88); Love is Like a Rock by Donnie Iris (#89); WKRP in Cincinnati by Steve Carlisle (#90); and A World Without Heroes by Kiss (#95).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 Physical--Olivia Newton-John
2 Young Turks--Rod Stewart
3 My Girl (Gone, Gone, Gone)--Chilliwack
4 Oh No--Commodores
5 Waiting for a Girl Like You--Foreigner
6 Under Pressure--Queen & David Bowie
7 The Friends of Mr. Cairo--Jon and Vangelis
8 Every Little Thing She Does is Magic--The Police
9 Don't Stop Believin'--Journey
10 Working for the Weekend--Loverboy

Singles entering the chart were Abacab by Genesis (#44); Come Go with Me by the Beach Boys (#46); and Pretty Bad Boy by Goddo (#48).

On the radio
Sherlock Holmes vs. Dracula, starring John Moffatt and Timothy West, on BBC

Disasters
16 people, including 8 volunteer lifeboatmen, perished when the Royal National Lifeboat Institution lifeboat Solomon Browne went to the aid of MV Union Star when its engines failed in heavy seas near Mousehole, Cornwall, England.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Bohemian Rhapsody/These Are the Days of Our Lives--Queen

Bohemian Rhapsody had previously occupied the #1 position for six weeks from December 1975-January 1976.

Labour
Canadian Auto Workers President Bob White announced a merger with the Canadian Association of Industrial, Mechanical and Allied Workers; the merger affected 6,500 aerospace and mining workers in Manitoba and British Columbia.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Breathe--The Prodigy (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Anna mulle piiskaa--Apulanta

Died on this date
Ronald Howard, 78. U.K. actor. Mr. Howard, the son of actor Leslie Howard, was best known for starring as the title character in the television series Sherlock Holmes (1954-1955). His films included The Browning Version (1951) and The Curse of the Mummy's Tomb (1964).

Marcello Mastroianni, 72. Italian actor. Mr. Mastroianni was a popular leading man in films in Italy and elsewhere for more than 40 years, and won numerous awards. His movies included La Dolce Vita (1960); 8½ (1963); Ieri, oggi, domani (Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow) (1963); and Oci ciornie (Dark Eyes) (1987). Mr. Mastroianni died in Paris of pancreatic cancer.

20 years ago
2001

Protest
Riots erupted in Buenos Aires and other Argentine cities in response to the government's imposition, at the behest of Economic Minister Domingo Cavallo, of "Corral" policies which restricted people's ability to withdraw cash from banks.

Scandal
The United States government indicted Tyson Foods, Inc., the nation's largest meat producer, for smuggling illegal immigrants from Mexico to work in its meat-processing plants.

Science
A botanist in Australia said that he had rediscovered Asterolasi buxifolia, a shrub believed to have been extinct for 130 years.

Weather
A record high barometric pressure of 1,085.6 hectopascals (32.06 inHg) was recorded at Tosontsengel, Khِvsgِl, Mongolia.

November 17, 2021

1,380 years ago
641

Died on this date
Jomei, 48. Emperor of Japan, 629-641. Jomei, born Tamura, was the grandson of Emperor Bidatsu and the son of Prince Oshisakanohikohito-no-Ōe. Jomei succeeded his great aunt Empress Suiko, and was succeeded by his wife and niece Kōgyoku.

510 years ago
1511

Defense
King Henry VIII of England and King Ferdinand II of Aragon concluded the Treaty of Westminster, a pledge of mutual aid against the French.

225 years ago
1796

Died on this date
Catherine II, 67. Czarina of Russia, 1762-1796. Catherine the Great , born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, married the future Czar Peter III in 1745, and became czarina consort when he acceded to the throne in January 1762. Six months later, she overthrew her husband in a coup, and he was assassinated several days later. Czarina Catherine acquired her nickname by presiding over an era regarded as the Golden Age of Russia. She died of a stroke, and was succeeded on the throne by her son Paul I, despite her efforts to exclude him from the succession.

War
French forces led by Napoleon Bonaparte defeated Austrian forces commanded by Jَzsef Alvinczi in the Battle of Arcola, 16 miles southeast of Verona, Italy.

210 years ago
1811

Politics and government
Chilean founding father José Miguel Carrera was sworn in as President of the executive junta of the government of Chile.

190 years ago
1831

South Americana
Ecuador and Venezuela were separated from Gran Colombia.

150 years ago
1871

Society
The National Rifle Association was first chartered in the State of New York by Army and Navy Journal editor William Conant Church and Captain George Wood Wingate.

140 years ago
1881

Crime
The trial of Charles Guiteau for the assassination of U.S. President James A. Garfield began in Washington, D.C.

130 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Frank Fay. U.S. entertainer. Mr. Fay, born Francis Donner, was the most popular and influential comedian in vaudeville in the decade or so after World War I. He was credited as the first standup comedian, and the first emcee to play an important role on stage. Mr. Fay appeared in several movies, but he was a heavy drinker and a vocal anti-Semite, both of which seriously hindered his career. He was married to actress Barbara Stanwyck from 1928-1935, but his fame declined as hers increased, and he reportedly beat her and cheated on her. Mr. Fay made a comeback on Broadway as the star of Harvey (1944), but he made enemies when he requested that the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Un-American activities investigate actors who were opponents of the Spanish regime if Francisco Franco, ostensibly because they were anti-Catholic. He was the guest of honour at a rally in Madison Square Garden in New York in January 1946, called "The Friends of Frank Fay;" speakers included members of the Ku Klux Klan and supporters of Mr. Franco's regime. Mr. Fay's personality and associations likely prevented him from getting the lead role in the movie version of Harvey. He was declared legally incompetent shortly before his death from a ruptured abdominal aorta on September 25, 1961 at the age of 69.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Lev Vygotsky. U.S.S.R. psychologist. Dr. Vygotsky was a developmental psychologist who was known for his concept of the zone of proximal development (ZPD), which he defined as “the distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers.” Dr. Vygotsky died from tuberculosis on June 11, 1934 at the age of 37. His ideas continue to be the subject of scholarly debate.

Politics and government
Canadian Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier named Clifford Sifton as Minister of the Interior. The MP for Brandon held the office until 1905, and was responsible for attracting settlers from the United States and Europe.

Hockey
The Western Pennsylvania Hockey League began play, with Duquesne Country & Athletic Club defeating Pittsburgh Athletic Club 2-1 at Schenley Park Casino in Pittsburgh.

120 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Lee Strasberg. Ukrainian-born U.S. actor, director, and teacher. Mr. Strasberg, a native of what was then Austrian Poland, emigrated to New York City in 1909. He co-founded the Group Theatre in 1931, and became director of the Actors Studio in 1951. Mr. Strasberg is regarded as the "father of method acting in America," which involves actors exploring inner motivations and emotions, often drawing on their own experiences. The list of actors trained by Mr. Strasberg is too lengthy to be mentioned here. He appeared in serveral Broadway plays from the mid-1920s to the early '30s, and in seven movies, receiving an Academy Award nomination for his supporting performance in The Godfather Part II (1974). Mr. Strasberg was still directing the Actors Studio when he died of a heart attack at the age of 80 on February 17, 1982.

Walter Hallstein. German politician. Professor Hallstein was a law professor who became a diplomat after World War II, serving as West German State Secretary at the Federal Foreign Office (1951-1958) and as President of the European Commission (1958-1967). He was known for the Hallstein Doctrine, which regarded diplomatic recognition of East Germany as an unfriendly act toward West Germany. Dr. Hallstein was a member of the Christian Democratic Party, and sat in the Bundestag (1969-1972). He died on March 29, 1982 at the age of 80, after a two-year illness.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
William Tannen. U.S. actor. Mr. Tannen, whose father Julius and brother Charles were also actors, was a character actor in movies and television programs in a career spanning more than 35 years. He was best known for playing Deputy Hal Norton in the television Western series The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp (1956-1958). Mr. Tannen died on December 2, 1976, 15 days after his 65th birthday.

80 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Ernst Udet, 45. German military aviator. Generaloberst Udet was an air ace during World War I and recorded 62 combat victories, second to Baron Manfred von Richtofen's 80 among German aces. He joined the Nazi Party in 1933 and helped to develop the Luftwaffe, becoming Director-General of Equipment in 1939. Generaloberst Udet became a heavy drinker, which combined with the strain of the war and personal relationships to lead him to commit suicide by shooting himself.

War
The German command announced the capture of Kerch, on the eastern coast of Crimea.

Diplomacy
Japanese Prime Minister General Hideki Tojo, addressing the Diet, outlined a three-point program, indicating that the success of U.S.-Japanese peace talks depended on its fulfillment. He called for a free hand in China, an end to the "economic blockade" of Japan, and efforts to prevent the spread of the European war to East Asia. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt received Japanese envoy Saburo Kurusu at the White House.

Defense
U.S. President Roosevelt signed the congressional resolution repealing sections of the Neutrality Act which had prohibited American merchant ships from mounting guns or entering war zones. U.S. Senator Tom Connally (Democrat--Texas) introduced a bill to give the President increased power to take over defense plants or mines tied up by strikes and to freeze open or closed shops for the duration of the emergency.

Crime
Michael William Etzel was sentenced in Baltimore by U.S. Federal Judge William C. Coleman to 15 years in prison for sabotaging bombers at Glenn L. Martin Company.

Labour
For the third time since September 15, 53,000 Congress of Industrial Organizations United Mine Workers of America members struck for a union shop in coal mines owned by steel companies in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Alabama, Kentucky, and Illinois.

75 years ago
1946

Defense
Albert Einstein, head of an Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists, opened a drive to raise $1 million for public education on the atomic bomb menace.

Economics and finance
U.S. officials revealed in Washington that 18 Allied nations would receive an estimated $450 million from the liquidation of German assets in neutral countries.

Following the termination of Nationalist-Communist negotiations in China, prices rose in Shanghai and Nanking as householders bought up commodities and foreign currency in anticipation of full-scale civil war.

Labour
U.S. President Harry Truman ordered Attorney General Tom Clark to obtain a court order preventing the United Mine Workers of America from striking against government-operated plants.

Football
NFL
Washington (4-3-1) 20 @ Chicago Bears (6-1-1) 24
Green Bay (5-3) 9 @ Detroit (1-7) 0
Chicago Cardinals (4-5) 14 @ Los Angeles (4-3-1) 17
Boston (0-6-1) 28 @ New York (5-2-1) 28
Philadelphia (4-4) 7 @ Pittsburgh (5-3) 10

AAFC
Los Angeles (5-4-1) 19 @ Brooklyn (3-6-1) 14
Chicago (4-5-2) 14 @ Cleveland (9-2) 51
San Francisco (6-5) 9 @ New York (8-2-1) 10

70 years ago
1951

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): The Loveliest Night of the Year--Mario Lanza; Ann Blyth (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Cold, Cold Heart--Tony Bennett (Best Seller--3rd week at #1); It's No Sin--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra (Disc Jockey--1st week at #1); Because of You--Tony Bennett (Jukebox--8th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 (It's No) Sin--The Four Aces (3rd week at #1)
--Eddy Howard and his Orchestra
2 Because of You--Tony Bennett
--Les Baxter and his Orchestra
3 Cold, Cold Heart--Tony Bennett
4 I Get Ideas--Tony Martin
--Louis Armstrong
5 Down Yonder--Del Wood
--Joe "Fingers" Carr
--Champ Butler
6 And So to Sleep Again--Patti Page
7 The World is Waiting for the Sunrise--Les Paul and Mary Ford
8 Undecided--The Ames Brothers and Les Brown and his Band of Renown
9 Turn Back the Hands of Time--Eddie Fisher
10 Domino--Tony Martin

Singles entering the chart were Charmaine by Mantovani and his Orchestra (#22); There's Always Room at Our House by Guy Mitchell (#25); Once by Jan Peerce (#27); Jealousy (Jalousie) by Frankie Laine (#31); and Shrimp Boats by Jo Stafford (#37).

On television tonight
Sherlock Holmes, starring Alan Wheatley and Raymond Francis, on BBC
Tonight's episode: The Reigate Squires

Academia
Quebec Premier Maurice Duplessis formally prohibited the leaders of Quebec universities from resorting to federal subsidies for the management of their institutions.

Labour
The World Federation of Trade Unions, praising recent New York and Hamburg dock strikes, annnounced at a convention in Berlin that it would intensify efforts to sabotage Atlantic defense preparations through pro-Communist unions in the West.

Football
CRU
IRFU
Finals
Hamilton 9 @ Ottawa 11 (Ottawa won 2-game total points series 28-16)

The Tiger-Cats, trailing 17-7 after the first game, led 9-1 halftime on a single by Tom Worthington, a field goal by Bob McDonald, and a touchdown by quarterback Bernie Custis, while Bruce Cummings had punted for a single for Ottawa's point. Mr. Cummings' second single of the game reduced Hamilton's lead to 9-2 in the game while increasing Ottawa's lead to 19-16 on the series after 3 quarters. The Rough Riders put the series away in the 4th quarter on a touchdown by quarterback Tom O'Malley, converted by Bob Gain, and a field goal by Mr. Gain. 17,000 were in attendance on a Saturday afternoon at Lansdowne Park.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): (Marie's the Name) His Latest Flame--Elvis Presley (2nd week at #1)

On television tonight
The Twilight Zone, on CBS
Tonight's episode: The Midnight Sun, starring Lois Nettleton

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Louise Bingley!

Disappeared on this date
Michael Rockefeller, 23. U.S. anthropologist. The son of New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller, Michael, a Harvard University graduate, had gone to Netherlands New Guinea to study the Dani tribe, and later the culture and art of the Asmat tribe. He and Dutch anthropologist Rene Wassing were in a 40-foot-long dugout canoe about three miles from shore when their double-pontoon boat was swamped and overturned. After drifting until they were about 12 miles from land, Mr. Rockefeller announced that he would try to swim to shore. Mr. Wassing was rescued the next day, but Mr. Rockefeller was never seen again, despite an intensive and lengthy search. He's presumed to have died on November 19 from drowning or an attack by a shark or crocodile, but rumours persist that he was the victim of cannibalism.

Defense
The United States conducted its first successful launch of a Minuteman missile from an underground silo.

Politics and government
The Saskatchewan Medical Care Insurance Bill received royal assent; the first plan in North America providing universal coverage was to go into effect on July 1, 1962.

Football
AFL
Oakland (2-8) 17 @ Boston (6-4-1) 20

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Coz I Luv You--Slade (2nd week at #1)

On television tonight
Rod Serling's Night Gallery, on NBC
Tonight's episode: House with Ghost, starring Bob Crane, Jo Anne Worley, and Alan Napier; A Midnight Visit to the Neighborhood Blood Bank, starring Victor Buono; Dr. Stringfellow's Rejuvenator, starring Forrest Tucker, Murray Hamilton, and Don Pedro Colley; Hell's Bell's, starring John Astin

Died on this date
Gladys Cooper, 82. U.K. actress and singer. Dame Gladys had a career on stage and screen spanning 65 years in the U.K. and U.S.A. She was nominated for Academy Awards for her supporting performances in Now, Voyager (1942); The Song of Bernadette (1943); and My Fair Lady (1964). Dame Gladys appeared in three episodes of The Twilight Zone (1962-1964), and co-starred in the television series The Rogues (1964-1965). She died of pneumonia, 31 days before her 83rd birthday.

World events
Citing the need to suppress communist infiltration, Prime Minister Thanom Kittikachorn and a group of military and civilian leaders seized the government of Thailand in a bloodless coup. Mr. Kittikachorn dissolved parliament and appointed himself Chairman of the National Executive Council. The Council abolished the Constitution and established martial law, serving as a caretaker government for one year.

Boxing
Former world heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali (33-1) won a 12-round unanimous decision over Buster Mathis (29-3) at the Astrodome in Houston to retain his North American Boxing Federation heavyweight title. Mr. Ali knocked Mr. Mathis down 4 times, with 3 of the knockdowns coming in the last 2 rounds. Mr. Mathis, who weighed in at 256 pounds, was making his first appearance in the ring since March 24, 1969, when he'd lost a 12-round decision to Jerry Quarry. Mr. Ali weighed 227 pounds, his heaviest weight ever for a fight. On the undercard, Canadian heavyweight champion George Chuvalo (64-17-2) won a unanimous 10-round decision over Cleveland Williams (75-13-1), and former U.K., Commonwealth, and European heavyweight champion Joe Bugner (34-3-1) won a unanimous 10-round decision over Mike Boswell (13-6) of Youngstown, Ohio.





Football
CFL
Western Finals
Calgary 23 @ Saskatchewan 21 (Calgary won best-of-three series 2-0)

Calgary quarterback Jerry Keeling evaded a strong rush from the Saskatchewan defensive line and completed a 72-yard touchdown pass to Rudy Linterman with 30 seconds remaining in the 3rd quarter, which proved to be the decisive play as the Stampeders hung on to defeat the Roughriders before 14,582 fans at Taylor Field in Regina to win their second straight WFC title. Calgary kicker Larry Robinson missed 3 early field goal attempts, 2 of which went for singles to give his team a 2-0 lead after the 1st quarter. Mr. Keeling completed a 21-yard pass to Jon Henderson for a touchdown at 9:03 of the 2nd quarter. Mr. Robinson's convert gave the Stampeders a 9-0 halftime lead. Early in the 3rd quarter, former Stampeder Gig Perez intercepted a Keeling pass and returned it 55 yards to set up a short touchdown run by Saskatchewan fullback George Reed. Ron Lancaster completed a touchdown pass to Silas McKinnie at 9:35 of the 3rd quarter, and Jack Abendschan's second convert of the game gave the Roughriders a 14-9 lead. Less than 2 minutes later, at 11:22, Calgary fullback Hugh McKinnis rushed 42 yards for a touchdown. Mr. Robinson converted to give the Stampeders a 16-14 lead, which became 23-14 after 3 quarters upon Mr. Linterman's converted touchdown. The Roughriders attempted a comeback in the 4th quarter, and Mr. Lancaster sneaked 1 yard for a touchdown at 8:37, converted by Mr. Abendschan. Mr. Abendschan, normally a reliable "clutch" kicker, missed 2 field goals in the game, both of which were short and wide and run out of danger by Calgary defensive back Howard Starks. Mr. McKinnis led all rushers with 104 yards on 16 carries, while teammate Jesse Mims added 95 on 12 carries. Mr. Reed led the Roughriders with 67 yards on 15 carries, while Mr. McKinnie, who caught 6 passes for 77 yards, was held to 13 yards on 7 rushes. Mr. Keeling completed 14 of 24 passes, while Mr. Lancaster was 17 for 26 for 199 yards.



40 years ago
1981

Died on this date
Bob Eberly, 65. U.S. singer. Mr. Eberly sang with the Dorsey Brothers Orchestra, and went with Jimmy when the brothers split in 1935. Mr. Eberly was known for his duets with Helen O'Connell on songs such as Green Eyes (1941) and Tangerine (1941), major hits for Jimmy Dorsey and his Orchestra. Mr. Eberly's brother Ray was also a singer, primarily with Glenn Miller and his Orchestra. Bob Eberly died of a heart attack.

Politics and government
The New Democratic Party, led by Howard Pawley, unseated the four-year-old Progressive Conservative government of Premier Sterling Lyon in the Manitoba provincial election. The NDP won 34 of 57 seats in the Legislative Assembly, an increase of 11 from the NDP's total before the election. The PCs took the remaining 23 seats, a decline of 10. The Liberals, led by Doug Lauchlan, lost their only seat. NDP candidate Conrad Santos was elected in Burrows, becoming the first Filipino-born person elected to office in Canada.

James Lee was sworn in as Premier of Prince Edward Island, succeeding retiring Angus MacLean as head of the province's Progressive Conservative government.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): The Fly--U2 (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Good Vibrations--Marky Mark & the Funky Bunch featuring Loleatta Holloway

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 Let's Talk About Sex!--Salt-N-Pepa
2 (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams
3 Any Dream Will Do--Jason Donovan
4 Do the Limbo Dance--David Hasselhoff
5 The Fly--U2
6 Jambo--Erste Allgemeine Verunsicherung
7 Something Got Me Started--Simply Red
8 Bacardi Feeling (Summer Dreamin')--Kate Yanai
9 Set Adrift on Memory Bliss--PM Dawn
10 Love to Hate You--Erasure

Singles entering the chart were Always Look on the Bright Side of Life by Monty Python (#13); I'm Too Sexy by Right Said Fred (#21); and Nutbush City Limits by Tina Turner (#30).

Football
CFL
Eastern Final
Winnipeg 3 @ Toronto 42

Matt Dunigan threw touchdown passes to David Williams, Darrell K. Smith, and Mike "Pinball" Clemons, and Rocket Ismail returned a punt 75 yards for a touchdown to help the Argonauts rout the Blue Bombers before 50,380 fans at SkyDome, marking the end of the Blue Bombers' reign as Grey Cup champions, and the end of Darryl Rogers' one-season reign as their head coach. The Argonauts led 22-3 after the 1st quarter and 30-3 at halftime. Mr. Dunigan was injued and replaced by Rickey Foggie, who threw to Mr. Smith for another touchdown.





West Final
Calgary 38 @ Edmonton 36

Danny Barrett's 67-yard touchdown pass to PeeWee Smith with 1:02 remaining in regulation time, converted by Mark McLoughlin, enabled the Stampeders to beat the Eskimos before 30,142 fans at Commonwealth Stadium and advance to the Grey Cup for the first time in 20 years. Just a few minutes earlier, Mr. McLoughlin had kicked a 56-yard field goal to reduce the Eskimos' lead to 36-31. Edmonton led 26-8 in the 2nd quarter, but when Dean Dorsey missed an easy field goal attempt late in the quarter, I knew it would come back to haunt the Eskimos--and it did, as the Stampeders scored 20 points in the 4th quarter. For Roy Bennett, the cornerback who was beaten for the winning touchdown, it was his last game. It was also the final game in the 12-year Hall of Fame CFL career for Edmonton middle linebacker Danny Bass and the 13-year CFL career of Edmonton slotback Marco Cyncar, as well as running back Reggie Taylor and Mr. Dorsey. It was also the final game for Wes Montgomery after three seasons as the radio voice of the Eskimos on CFRN. CJCA regained the broadcast rights for 1992, with Bryan Hall returning for his 29th year calling the play-by-play.



25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): What's Love Got to Do with It--Warren G featuring Adina Howard (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): How Bizarre--OMC (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Zehn kleine Jägermeister--Die Toten Hosen (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Scotland (OCC): Breathe--The Prodigy

Football
CFL
East Final
Montreal 7 @ Toronto 43

Mike "Pinball" Clemons returned the opening kickoff 91 yards for a touchdown to begin the Argonauts' rout of the Alouettes before 28,390 fans at SkyDome (see video). Toronto quarterback Doug Flutie completed 30 of 38 passes for 381 yards and a touchdown to Jimmy Cunningham, and rushed 3 times for 20 yards and 2 touchdowns. Backup quarterback Marquel Fleetwood rushed 1 yard for a touchdown with 34 seconds remaining in the game, and Mr. Flutie, who normally held the ball for placekicks by Mike Vanderjagt, suddenly switched places with the kicker, and Mr. Flutie kicked the final convert. Mr. Vanderjagt added 2 field goals and 5 converts, and the team scored a safety touch. The Alouettes broke up the Argonauts' bid for a shutout when Tracy Ham completed a 19-yard touchdown pass to Nigel Williams with 5:24 remaining in the game, converted by Terry Baker. Toronto running back Robert Drummond rushed 8 times for 44 yards and caught 7 passes for 148 yards. It was the only CFL game for Montreal defensive tackle Leonard Renfro, and the last for Bob Price as Montreal's head coach; he resigned when the team's ownership changed after the season.



West Final
Edmonton 15 @ Calgary 12

Sean Fleming's fifth field goal of the game, a 40-yard kick on the final play of regulation time, gave the Eskimos their win over the Stampeders before 17,693 fans at McMahon Stadium. Mr. Fleming's other field goals came from 36, 38, 22, and 40 yards; he missed a 32-yard field goal late in the 4th quarter, and made a potentially game-saving tackle on Calgary returner Marvin Coleman. Mr. Fleming was injured on the play, which affected his performance in the Grey Cup a week later. Mr. Fleming's first field goal came after Maurice Miller recovered a Calgary fumble on the opening kickoff. Edmonton defensive end Jed Roberts recovered a Calgary fumble and defensive back Kavis Reed made an interception, both leading to field goals in the 1st half. Calgary kicker Mark McLoughlin accounted for all of his team's points with 4 field goals in 5 attempts. Edmonton quarterback Danny McManus completed just 19 of 40 passes for 179 yards, but made big plays when they were needed. Darren Flutie led Edmonton receivers with 106 yards on 9 receptions, but injured himself making a great catch late in the game to set up a field goal. Jeff Garcia started at quarterback for the Stampeders, but was replaced by Danny Barrett for the 2nd half. Edmonton linebacker Larry Wruck suffered a hamstring injury that ended his 12-year CFL career.



20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Harrison Williams, 81. U.S. politician. "Pete" Williams, a Democrat, represented New Jersey's 6th District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1953-1957) and represented the state in the Senate (1959-1982). He was convicted in 1981 of taking bribes in the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Abscam sting operation, although he actually refused a bribe and was actually guilty only of indiscreet conversation. Sen. Williams resigned his seat before a planned vote to expel him took place; his treatment at the hands of his colleagues was so shameful and hypocritical that even Dr. Carl McIntire, a well-known Presbyterian pastor whose conservative views were opposed to those of Sen. Williams, was so outraged that he started a one-man committee to defend Mr. Williams. Mr. Williams died of cancer and heart ailments, 23 days before his 82nd birthday.

10 years ago
2011

Labour
The Supreme Court of Canada unanimously sided with the Public Service Alliance of Canada in a $150-million pay equity dispute with Canada Post that dated back to 1983.

Baseball
Nippon Series
Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks 5 @ Chunichi Dragons 0 (Fukuoka led best-of-seven series 3-2)

July 28, 2021

450 years ago
1571

Asiatica
La Laguna encomienda, known today as the Philippine province of Laguna, was founded by the Spaniards as one of the oldest encomiendas (provinces) in the country.

280 years ago
1741

Died on this date
Antonio Vivaldi, 63. Italian composer. Mr. Vivaldi was one of the most prominent composers of the Baroque era. His best-known work was The Four Seasons (1725).

275 years ago
1746

Born on this date
Thomas Heyward, Jr. U.S. judge and politician. Mr. Heyward was a delegate to the Continental Congress from South Carolina in 1775, and signed the Declaration of Independence. He was a judge in South Carolina from 1778-1798, except for an 11-month period from August 1780-July 1781 when he was in British detention. Mr. Heyward died on March 6, 1809 at the age of 62.

190 years ago
1821

South Americana
José de San Martín declared the independence of Peru from Spain.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Barbara La Marr. U.S. actress. Miss La Marr, born Reatha Dale Watson, was known as "The Girl Who is Too Beautiful." She starred in silent movies, including The Nut (1921); The Three Musketeers (1921); and The Prisoner of Zenda (1922). Miss La Marr was married five times, and became addicted to drugs and alcohol, which led to her death on January 30, 1926 at the age of 29.

Americana
The city of Miami, Florida was incorporated.

120 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Freddie Fitzsimmons. U.S. baseball pitcher, coach, and manager. "Fat Freddie" played with the New York Giants (1925-1937) and Brooklyn Dodgers (1937-1943), compiling a record of 217-146 with an earned run average of 3.51, and batting .200 with 14 home runs and 103 runs batted in in 513 games. He won 20 games in 1928, and led the National League in winning percentage in 1930 (19-7, .731) and 1940 (16-2, .889). Mr. Fitzsimmons helped the Giants win the World Series in 1933 and played on three other NL championship teams (1936, 1937, 1941), but was 0-3 with a 3.86 ERA in 4 career World Series games. He was also one of the best-fielding pitchers of his time, and held the major league career record for double plays for pitchers from 1938-1964. Mr. Fitzsimmons was released by the Dodgers in late July 1943, and as promptly hired by the Philadelphia Phillies as their non-playing manager, leading the team, renamed the Blue Jays in 1944, through the 1945 season, compiling a record of 105-181. He was a pitching coach with the Dodgers in 1940, and with four other major league teams from 1948-1960 and 1966, helping the Giants win the World Series in 1954. Mr. Fitzsimmons died of a heart attack on November 18, 1979 at the age of 78.

Rudy Vallée. U.S. singer and actor. Mr. Vallée was a clarinetist and saxophonist before achieving success as a crooner from the late 1920s through the late 1930s, often singing through a megaphone, which became his trademark. He had a hit single in 1931 with an early version of As Time Goes By, and it became a hit again upon its re-release in 1943. Mr. Vallée's movies included The Vagabond Lover (1929) and The Palm Beach Story (1942). He made a brief comeback as a singer in the late 1960s, and died on July 3, 1986, 25 days before his 85th birthday.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Ann Doran. U.S. actress. Miss Doran was a character actress in plays, films, and television programs in a career spanning more than 70 years. She was best known for playing James Dean's mother in the movie Rebel Without a Cause (1955). Miss Doran died on September 19, 2000 at the age of 89.

90 years ago
1931

Baseball
The Chicago White Sox scored 11 runs on 12 hits in the 8th inning as they came back from a 12-3 deficit to beat the New York Yankees 14-12 before 8,000 fans at Yankee Stadium.

With 2 out and nobody on base in the bottom of the 9th inning, Nick Cullop doubled, Harvey Hendrick was intentionally walked, and Tony Cuccinello singled home Mr. Cullop to give the Cincinnati Reds a 5-4 win over the Brooklyn Robins before 1,000 fans at Redland Field.

Rogers Hornsby doubled home a run and scored on Footsie Blair's home run as the Chicago Cubs scored 3 runs in the bottom of the 8th inning to break a 3-3 tie and defeat the Philadelphia Phillies 6-3 before 8,000 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Charlie Root (12-8) pitched a 7-hitter to outduel Phil Collins (4-11), who allowed 7 hits and 6 earned runs.

Sparky Adams led off the bottom of the 8th inning with an infield single, advanced to second base on an error, and scored from third base on an outfield fly by Jake Flowers for the only run as the St. Louis Cardinals edged the Boston Braves 1-0 before 17,900 fans at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. Pop Haines (9-2) pitched an 8-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Tom Zachary (8-6), who allowed 6 hits and no earned runs.

80 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Edward Beale McLean, 52. U.S. publisher. Mr. McLean owned and published The Washington Post from 1916-1933. He purchased the Hope Diamond in 1911, and his family thereafter suffered several tragedies. Mr. McLean was declared insane in 1933 and was committed to a psychiatric hospital, where he died of a heart attack.

Married on this date
U.S. composer David Rose, 31, married U.S. actress Judy Garland, 19, in Las Vegas.

War
U.S. Senator Burton K. Wheeler (Democrat--Montana) denounced War Secretary Henry Stimson's "treason" remarks as part of " a well-organized and carefully planned smear campaign by warmongers to silence opposition to war." 11 Senators defended Sen. Wheeler.

Diplomacy
Finland severed relations with the United Kingdom. U.S. Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles pledged that the United States Treasury Department "will grant prompt clearance for Japanese vessels clearing from U.S. ports."

Defense
The U.S. House of Representatives approved the first supplemental appropriations bill for $8 billion and sent it to the Senate.

Politics and government
U.S. Representative Joseph Martin (Republican--Massachusetts) warned that the United States might become a dictatorship after the present war unless it prepared now for the postwar crisis.

Economics and finance
The Netherlands East Indies cancelled trade agreements, under which Japan was to receive about 1.8 million tons of oil, and froze Japanese banking assets.

Labour
Unarmed Canadian soldiers dispersed pickets at the National Steel Car Company in Hamilton after the Congress of Industrial Organizations called a strike to obtain bargaining rights.

75 years ago
1946

War
Assistant U.S. War Secretary Howard Petersen reported that Japanese war crimes accounted for 142,076 American and Filipio deaths.

Chinese Nationalist and Communist representatives in Changchun accepted a U.S. proposal to form a no-man's land along the Sungari River in Manchuria, while Nationalist forces advanced along the Ling Hai railway on the Yellow River.

Diplomacy
French President Charles de Gaulle called for an Anglo-French entente to "re-establish equilibrium" between the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.

U.K. Palestine Commander Sir Evelyn Barker banned fraternization of British troops with Palestinian Jews.

Politics and government
Negroes voted for the first time in the Texas Democratic Party primary, which resulted in the renomination of Senator Tom Connally and Representatives Wright Patman, Sam Rayburn, and Lyndon Johnson.

Scandal
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration Director Fiorello La Guardia charged that millions of dollars of supplies were being stolen by soldiers in the Trieste area.

Labour
The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations announced the formation of a National Maritime Council of seven unions to eliminate jurisdictional disputes.

70 years ago
1951

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): If--Perry Como; Jo Stafford (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Come On-A My House--Rosemary Clooney (Best Seller--1st week at #1; Disc Jockey--1st week at #1); Too Young--Nat "King" Cole (Jukebox--4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Too Young--Nat "King" Cole (6th week at #1)
2 Jezebel--Frankie Laine
3 My Truly, Truly Fair--Guy Mitchell
--Vic Damone
4 How High the Moon--Les Paul and Mary Ford
5 Sweet Violets--Dinah Shore
6 On Top of Old Smoky--The Weavers and Terry Gilkyson
--Vaughn Monroe and his Orchestra
7 The Loveliest Night of the Year--Mario Lanza
8 Come On-A My House--Rosemary Clooney
--Kay Starr
9 Mister and Mississippi--Patti Page
–-Dennis Day
10 Rose, Rose, I Love You--Frankie Laine

Singles entering the chart were I Wish I had Never Seen Sunshine by Les Paul and Mary Ford (#28); Ballin' the Jack by Danny Kaye (#29); The Morningside of the Mountain, with versions by Tommy Edwards; and Paul Weston and his Orchestra (#31); and Oceans of Tears by Kay Starr and Tennessee Ernie (#34).

War
British Commonwealth forces in Korea were merged into a new Commonwealth Division under General A.J.H. Cassels.

World events
Former SS commando leader Otto Skorzeny returned to West Germany, following the expiration of charges against him.

Economics and finance
In compliance with the United Nations resolution, Chile embargoed the shipment of strategic materials to the People's Republic of China.

Baseball
Clyde Vollmer drove in the tying run in the 15th inning and then hit a grand slam with 2 out in the 16th off Bob Feller to give the Boston Red Sox an 8-4 win over the Cleveland Indians before 23,199 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Mickey McDermott (6-5) pitched all 16 innings to earn the win for the Red Sox over Bob Feller (15-4), the last of four Cleveland pitchers.

Marlin Stuart (3-0) allowed 9 hits and 3 rune--all earned--in 7.2 innings and batted 2 for 4 with a double and 2 runs to help the Detroit Tigers defeat the Philadelphia Athletics 6-5 before 1,546 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia. The Athletics scored a run in the 8th and 2 in the 9th, and had Bobby Shantz on second base with 1 out, but Hal White retired Pete Suder and Joe Astroth to end the game.

Andy Seminick led off the 5th inning with a double and scored from third base on a 2-out single by Richie Ashburn for the only run as the Philadelphia Phillies edged the Chicago Cubs 1-0 before 10,806 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Russ Meyer (8-8) pitched a 7-hitter to outduel Cal McLish (2-4).

Jackie Robinson and Duke Snider hit run-scoring outfield flies in the 9th inning for the Brooklyn Dodgers as they overcame a 2-1 deficit and edged the St. Louis Cardinals 3-2 before 32,792 fans at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. The Cardinals had runners on first and second bases with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th, but Hal Rice popped out to first base to end the game. Ralph Branca (8-2) allowed 9 hits and 2 runs--1 earned--in 8 innings to outduel Cloyd Boyer (1-4), who allowed 8 hits and 2 earned runs in a complete game.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Well I Ask You--Eden Kane (2nd week at #1)

On television tonight
The Lawless Years, starring James Gregory, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The Mad Dog Coll Story: Part 1

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Get it On--T. Rex

Died on this date
Lawrence Moore Cosgrave, 80. Canadian military officer and diplomat. Colonel Cosgrave, a native of Toronto, served with the Canadian Army in World War I, and was blinded in one eye. He served with the Canadian Trade and Commerce Department between the world wars, and was Canadian Military Attache to Australia, for the South West Pacific Area, during World War II. Col. Cosgrave was the Canadian representative at the official surrender of Japan, and signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender on behalf of Canada aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay. He worked for the Canadian Commrece Department after the war, holding various consular posts. Col. Cosgrave died in Knowlton, Quebec, a month before his 81st birthday.

Myril Hoag, 63. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Hoag was an outfielder with the New York Yankees (1931-1932, 1934-1938); St. Louis Browns (1939-1941); Chicago White Sox (1941-1942, 1944); and Cleveland Indians (1944-1945), batting .271 with 28 home runs and 401 runs batted in in 1,020 games, and played 11 seasons in the minor leagues (1926-1930, 1933, 1946-1951). He helped the Yankees win World Series in 1932, 1937, and 1938, batting .320 with 1 homer and 3 RBIs in 8 World Series games. Mr. Hoag died of emphysema.

War
The U.S. Army command in South Vietnam announced that U.S. servicemen returning to America from the area would be tested for heroin use.

Football
CFL
Winnipeg (0-1) 20 @ Toronto (1-0) 21

Don Jonas, who had been one of Toronto's quarterbacks the year before, was almost successful in beating his old team at CNE Stadium. This was the first CFL regular season game for a number of Argonauts, including Joe Theismann, Greg Barton, Leon McQuay, Jim Stillwagon, and Zenon Andrusyshyn.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): More than Words--Extreme (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)--Crystal Waters (2nd week at #1)

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 Wind of Change--Scorpions (4th week at #1)
2 Bobby Brown--Frank Zappa
3 The Shoop Shoop Song (It's in his Kiss)--Cher
4 Jesus Loves You--Bow Down Mister
5 Gypsy Woman (La Da Dee La Da Da)--Crystal Waters
6 Fading Like a Flower (Every Time You Leave)--Roxette
7 Sailing on the Seven Seas--OMD (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark)
8 The One and Only--Chesney Hawkes
9 Senza una donna (Without a Woman)--Zucchero & Paul Young
10 Last Train to Trancentral--The KLF

Singles entering the chart were No Woman No Cry by Bingoboys (#20); I Wanna Sex You Up by Color Me Badd (#26); and Naked Love (Just Say You Want Me) by Quartz & Dina Carroll (#28).

Baseball
Dennis Martinez pitched a perfect game--becoming the first player from Nicaragua to do so--as the Montreal Expos blanked the Los Angeles Dodgers 2-0 before 45,560 fans at Dodger Stadium. Ron Hassey, who had caught Len Barker's perfect game with the Cleveland Indians in 1981, became the first major league player to catch two perfect games. The Expos scored 2 unearned runs in the 7th inning as a result of 2 errors by Los Angeles shortstop Alfredo Griffin. Losing pitcher Mike Morgan allowed just 4 hits in pitching a complete game. The Sunday afternoon game was televised in Canada on TSN.



Dave Hollins hit a solo home run with 2 out in the top of the 1st inning to open the scoring, but Kevin Mitchell homered to lead off the bottom of the 2nd and Matt Williams homered to lead off the bottom of the 6th as the San Francisco Giants edged the Philadelphia Phillies 2-1 before 36,268 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco. Bud Black allowed 4 hits in 6 2/3 innings to win the pitchers' duel over Tommy Greene, who allowed 7 hits in 7 innings.

The San Diego Padres scored 2 unearned runs in the bottom of the 6th inning and Andy Benes allowed just 5 hits and no bases on balls in 8 innings to improve his 1991 record to 5-10 as the Padres blanked the New York Mets 2-0 before 25,090 fans at Jack Murphy-San Diego Stadium. Losing pitcher Frank Viola allowed just 4 hits in 7 innings as he dropped to 11-7.

The Milwaukee Brewers scored 8 runs in the first 3 innings and coasted to an 11-2 win over the Minnesota Twins before 47,524 fans at Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis. Jaime Navarro allowed 10 hits in pitching a complete game victory, while Minnesota starter Jack Morris allowed 9 hits and 8 runs--all earned--in 2 2/3 innings.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Tha Crossroads--Bone Thugs-N-Harmony (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees

#1 single in Switzerland: I Can't Help Myself (I Love You, I Want You)--The Kelly Family

#1 single in Scotland (OCC): Wannabe--Spice Girls (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Roger Tory Peterson, 87. U.S. ornithologist. Mr. Peterson has been called the inventor of the modern field guide, beginning with Guide to the Birds (1934). He has also been credited as an inspiration to the modern environmental movement. Mr. Peterson died a month before his 88th birthday.

Marge Ganser, 48. U.S. singer. Miss Ganser and her identical twin sister Mary Anne were members of the pop group the Shangri-Las, who had several hit singles from 1964-1966, most notably Leader of the Pack, which reached #1 on various charts in 1964. Marge Ganser died of breast cancer.

Archaeology
The remains of the prehistoric man eventually known as Kennewick Man were discovered near Kennewick, Washington.

Olympics
Canadian Brian Walton won a silver medal in the cycling points race at the Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, while fellow Canadian Curt Harnett earned the bronze medal in the men's sprint on the track near Stone Mountain, Georgia. Canada's men's doubles team of John Child and Mark Heese took the bronze at the inaugural Olympic beach volleyball tournament. Canadian rowers won medals at Lake Lanier at the Atlanta Games: Dave Boyes, Jeff Lay, Gavin Hassett and Brian Peaker took silver in the men's four; Marnie McBean, Kathleen Heddle, Laryssa Biesenthal and Diane O'Grady came away with bronze in the women's four; and Emma Robinson, Anna van der Kamp, Theresa Luke, Tosha Tsang, Alison Korn, Heather McDermid, Maria Maunder, Jessica Monroe and Lesley Thompson had a silver-medal performance in the women's eight with coxswain.

20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
John Easton, 68. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Easton was an outfielder who played 4 games with the Philadelphia Phillies (1955, 1959), batting 0 for 3, with all his appearances coming as a pinch runner or pinch hitter. He batted .311 with 15 home runs and 116 runs batted in in 216 games in 3 seasons in the minor leagues (1957-1959), and won the Eastern League batting title in 1958, hitting .321 with the Williamsport Grays. Mr. Easton was an electrical engineer after his baseball career ended, and died of melanoma.

Music
The Eagles played the first-ever concert at the American Airlines Center in Dallas.

Swimming
Australian Ian Thorpe became the first swimmer to win six gold medals at a single World Championship meeting.

Football
CFL
Toronto (1-3) 50 @ Saskatchewan (2-2) 24



Baseball
Trailing the Houston Astros 7-2 with 2 out and nobody on base in the bottom of the 9th inning at PNC Park in Pittsburgh, the Pittsburgh Pirates rallied for 7 runs to win 9-8 before 32,977 fans in the first of 2 games at PNC Park in Pittsburgh. The game ended when Brian Giles hit a grand slam off Billy Wagner. Vinny Castilla hit 3 home runs and drove in 5 runs for the Astros. The Astros scored 4 runs in each of the 3rd and 9th innings as they won the second game 12-4 before 38,295 fans.>



10 years ago
2011

Died on this date
Abdul Fatah Younis, 66-67. Libyan military officer. Major General Younis participated in the coup that brough Muammar Gaddafi to power in Libya in 1969, and served as minister for public security. On February 22, 2011, he resigned and joined the rebel side in what became the Libyan Civil War. Maj. Gen. Younis was shot and killed under unclear circumstances: NationL Transitional Council head Mustafa Abdul-Jalil said that Maj. Gen. Younis was killed by pro-Gaddafi assailants, and that the head of the group responsible had been arrested, while the Libyan government gave another version of the event, saying that Maj. Gen. Younis had been killed by the rebels because they thought he was a double agent.

Disasters
While flying from Seoul to Shanghai, Asiana Airlines Flight 991 developed an in-flight fire in the cargo hold. The Boeing 747-400F freighter attempted to divert to Jeju International Airport, but crashed into the sea South-West of Jeju island, killing both crew members on board.

Football
CFL
British Columbia (0-5) 20 @ Winnipeg (4-1) 25

July 5, 2021

700 years ago
1321

Born on this date
Joan. Queen consort of Scotland, 1329-1362. Joan of the Tower, the daughter of King Edward II and Queen Isabella of England, was born in the Tower of London. She was married at the age of 7 in 1328 to David, 4, son of Robert the Bruce, and became queen consort of Scotland when her husband acceded to the throne as King David II. After the English forces of King Edward III won the Battle of Haldion Hill in 1333, King David and Queen Joan fled into exile in France, living under the protection of King Philippe VI. They were able to return to Scotland in June 1341, with King David ruling under his own power. He was taken prisoner during the Battle of Neville's Cross in 1346, and spent 11 years in the Tower of London. Queen Joan was allowed to visit him several times, but didn't become pregnant. After King David's release, Queen Joan decided to remain in England, where she died on September 7, 1362 at the age of 41.

210 years ago
1811

South Americana
Venezuela became the first South American country to declare its independence from Spain.

180 years ago
1841

Britannica
Thomas Cook organized the first package excursion, from Leicester to Loughborough, England.

140 years ago
1881

Society
The New Zealand Parliament passed the Chinese Immigrants Act. After this received Royal Assent, a "poll tax" of £10 (equivalent to $1,770 today) was imposed on Chinese migrants and the number allowed to land from each ship arriving in New Zealand was restricted. Only one Chinese passenger was allowed for every 10 tons of cargo.

130 years ago
1891

Born on this date
John Howard Northrop. U.S. biochemist. Dr. Northrop shared the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with James Sumner and Wendell Stanley "for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form." Dr. Northrop died on May 27, 1987 at the age of 95.

110 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Georges Pompidou. Prime Minister of France, 1962-1968; President of France, 1969-1974. Mr. Pompidou served as Prime Minister under President Charles de Gaulle. After Mr. de Gaulle resigned in 1969, Mr. Pompidou defeated acting President Alain Poher in the presidential election. Mr. Pompidou attempted to modernize Paris and embarked on a plan of national industrialization. He was still in office when he died suddenly of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, a rare form of blood cancer, on April 2, 1974 at the age of 62.

Giorgio Borġ Olivier. Prime Minister of Malta, 1950-1955, 1962-1971. Mr. Borg Olivier, a member of the Partito Nazionale (Nationalist Party), sat in the Council of Government from 1939-1977, and became leader of the party in December 1950. His first term as Prime Minister was characterized by success in gaining British recognition for him as the equal of the Prime Ministers of Northern Ireland and Southern Rhodesia, while his second term was marked by Malta gaining her independence in 1964. Mr. Borg Olivier was forced to resign as party leader in 1977 in the face of widepread desire for a younger leader, and died of lung cancer on October 29, 1980 at the age of 69.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Viktor Kulikov. U.S.S.R. military officer. Marshal of the Soviet Union Kulikov joined the Red Army in 1940, serving in World War II and receiving several decorations. He rose through the ranks and achieved several commands, including the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (1967-1969). Marshal Kulikov was Chief of General Staff of the Soviet Armed Forces (1971-1977) and Warsaw Pact commander-in-chief (1977-1989). He died on May 28, 2013 at the age of 91, after a long illness.

Nanos Valaoritis. Swiss-born Greek writer. Mr. Valaoritis, born in Lausanne to Greek parents, was a surrealist poet, novelist, and playwright who lived in France, U.K., and U.S.A. in addition to Greece in a literary career spanning more than 50 years. He died on September 12, 2019 at the age of 98.

80 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): María Elena--Jimmy Dorsey and His Orchestra with Bob Eberly (2nd week at #1)

Music
Without using a score, 11-year-old Loren Maazell conducted the NBC Summer Symphony Orchestra in a program of Mendelssohn and Wagner.

War
U.K. Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden said that he anticipated a peace offer from German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler, but that Britain was "not, in any circumstances, prepared to negotiate with him at any time on any subject." German troops reached the Dnieper River in Ukraine. U.S.S.R. forces claimed successful counterattacks in the Ostrov sector east of Estonia.

The Japanese government announced that 109,250 Japanese soldiers had been killed in the war with China, as against 2,015,000 Chinese killed.

Defense
The American Youth Congress passed a resolution pledging cooperation "with the people of Britain and the Soviet Union" in their fight against Adolf Hitler, thus reversing the AYC's isolationist stand of the previous year.

Politics and government
Dr. F.A. Hermens of the University of Notre Dame stated in a study of proportional representation voting in the United States and abroad that it had failed in practice, and actually retarded reform in municipal administration.

75 years ago
1946

Popular culture
The bikini first went on sale after debuting during an outdoor fashion show at the Molitor Pool in Paris.

Education
The U.S. Senate passed and sent to the House of Representatives a bill providing $30.35 million for vocational training and education.

Economics and finance
Canadian Finance Minister J. L. Ilsley introduced a new decontrol program in Parliament; the value of the Canadian dollar was raised from 90c to parity with the American dollar, after U.S. abandonment of price controls. Mr. Ilsley's program included a list of goods to remain under wartime price ceilings.

Golf
Sam Snead won the British Open at the Old Course of St. Andrew's, Scotland, with a 2-over-par score of 290, 4 strokes ahead of Johnny Bulla and Bobby Locke. First prize money was £150.





70 years ago
1951

Movies
Time, Inc. announced plans to discontinue The March of Time newsreels after 16 years. The last newsreel, Formosa — Island of Promise, was released in August.

Diplomacy
Hungary ordered two U.S. legation staff members in Budapest to leave the country within 24 hours because of alleged implication in the espionage case of Archbishop Josef Groesz.

Scandal
14 former New York college basketball players pled guilty to charges of conspiring with gamblers to fix the outcome of games.

Oil
The International Court of Justice granted the United Kingdom a temporaty injunction against Iran in the oil nationalization dispute, directing Iran to permit the British-owned Anglo-Iranian Oil Company to continue operations pending a final court decision over the firm's nationalization.

Economics and finance
United Nations Secretary-General Trygve Lie reported that aid pledged for Korean reconstruction totalled $228,844,948 to date in addition to the $85 million supplied by the U.S. through the military command.

Big Four representatives resumed meetings broken off two years earlier on a new trade agreement between East and West Berlin.

Cuban President Carlos Prio Socarras ruled that machinery may be used in making cigars for export but not for domestic consumption, following a series of demonstrations for cigar workers afraid of losing their jobs to automation.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Eagle Rock--Daddy Cool (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Mata Au Hi Made--Kiyohiko Ozaki (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Qué Será (Che Sará)--José Feliciano (8th week at #1)

Politics and government
The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, was formally certified by President Richard Nixon.



Football
CFL
Pre-season
Winnipeg (1-0) 19 @ Ottawa (0-1) 17
Edmonton (1-0) 17 @ British Columbia (0-1) 15

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Stars on 45--Stars on 45 (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Bette Davis Eyes--Kim Carnes

Music
The day after performing in Washington, D.C., the Beach Boys headlined a free concert from the deck of the ocean liner Queen Mary in Long Beach, California. The opening acts included Three Dog Night and Rick Springfield.



Protest
As many as 30 police officers were injured by flying missiles during riots by white and Negro youths in Liverpool.



Football
CFL
Hamilton (1-0) 33 @ Winnipeg (0-1) 23

30 years ago
1991

Died on this date
Mildred Dunnock, 90. U.S. actress. Miss Dunnock was a character actress who appeared in plays, movies, and television programs in a career spanning more than 50 years. She was nominated for Academy Awards for her supporting performances in Death of a Salesman (1951) and Baby Doll (1956), reprising in the former the role that she had played on Broadway in 1949.

Scandal
Regulators in eight countries, including Canada, shut down the Bank of Credit and Commerce International. The BCCI was charged with fraud, drug money laundering, and illegal infiltration into the U.S. banking system.

Politics and government
Joe Clark, President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, accepted a parallel constitutional reform process run by First Nations, to provide input to the parliamentary unity committee.

Oil
Canadian Energy, Mines and Resources Minister Jake Epp concluded that closing the Sarnia-Montréal pipeline would not threaten the oil supply. The pipeline had been built during the energy crisis 15 years earlier.

Baseball
Denver and Miami were approved by major league owners as cities to receive franchises to begin play in 1993.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (4th week at #1)

Died on this date
Fred Davis, 74. Canadian broadcaster. Mr. Davis, a native of Toronto, was a jazz trumpeter in his youth, but was best known for hosting the television news quiz show Front Page Challenge, replacing Alex Barris a few weeks after its debut in 1957, and hosting it until its cancellation in 1995. Mr. Davis died after a series of strokes.

Science
Dolly the sheep became the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.

Football
CFL
Montreal (0-2) 13 @ Edmonton (2-0) 16

Danny McManus's 22-yard touchdown pass to Shalon Baker in the 4th quarter gave the Eskimos their win over the Alouettes before 26,211 fans at Commonwealth Stadium. Tony Burse rushed 2 yards for the other Edmonton touchdown.



20 years ago
2001

Died on this date
Ernie K-Doe, 68. U.S. musician. Mr. K-Doe, born Ernest Kador, was a rhythm and blues drummer, but was best known as a singer. He had seven singles that appeared on the Billboard Hot 100 or Rhythm and Blues chart from 1961-1967, but his first, Mother-in-Law, was his biggest, reaching #1 on both charts in the spring of 1961. Mr. K-Doe hosted radio shows in New Orleans in the 1980s; he died from kidney and liver failure after years of heavy drinking.

Baseball
Greg Maddux (10-5) picked up his 250th career major league win as the Atlanta Braves beat the Philadelphia Phillies 9-5 before 32,031 fans at Turner Field in Atlanta. Mr. Maddux allowed 7 hits and 2 runs--both earned--in 6 innings, leaving with a 7-2 lead. Atlanta right fielder Brian Jordan batted 3 for 4 with 2 home runs, 2 runs, and 4 runs batted in.

10 years ago
2011

War
Soldiers of the Royal 22e Regiment stood down and formally handed over their battlefield of the western Kandahar district of Panjwaii to American units, ending Canada's war in Afghanistan. The combat mission, which began in 2002, cost the lives of 157 soldiers, one diplomat and one journalist. About 950 Canadian soldiers and support staff carried out a training mission in Kandahar until 2014.

Crime
A jury in Orlando, Florida found Casey Anthony, 25, not guilty of murder, manslaughter and child abuse in the 2008 disappearance and death of her 2-year-old daughter Caylee, but found her guilty of four misdemeanor counts of providing false information to a law enforcement officer.