February 6, 2011

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Bob Powless!

400 years ago
1611

Born on this date
Chongzhen. Emperor of China, 1627-1644. Chongzhen, born Zhu Youjian, was the fifth son of Emperor Taichang, and succeeded his elder brother Tiangqi on the throne. Emperor Chongzhen battled peasant rebellions, but was unable to defend the northern frontier against Manchu forces, and on April 25, 1644, at the age of 33, committed suicide when they reached Beijing, ending the Ming dynasty. The Manchu then formed the succeeding Qing dynasty.

230 years ago
1781

Born on this date
John Keane, 1st Baron Keane. U.K. military officer and politician. Lieutenant General Keane, a native of Ireland, served with the British Army for almost 50 years, climaxing his career as Commander-in-Chief of the Bombay Army (1834-1840). He served as colonial Governor of Saint Lucia (1818-1819), and was elevated to the peerage in 1839. Baron Keane died on August 24, 1844 at the age of 63.

200 years ago
1811

Born on this date
Henry Liddell. U.K. clergyman and academic. Rev. Liddell was ordained a Church of England minister in 1838. He was headmaster at Westminster School (1846-1855); Dean of Christ Church, Oxford (1855-1891); and Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University (1870-1874). He wrote A History of Rome from the Earliest Times to the Establishment of the Empire (1855), and, with Robert Scott, co-authored A Greek-English Lexicon (1843). Rev. Liddell died on January 18, 1898, 19 days before his 87th birthday.

160 years ago
1851

Disasters
The largest Australian bushfires in a populous region in recorded history took place in the state of Victoria on Black Thursday. 12 people died, as well as a million sheep and thousands of cattle and native animals.

140 years ago
1871

Education
Otago Girls’ High School opened in New Zealand as the first public girls’ secondary school in the Southern Hemisphere.

110 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Ben Lyon. U.S. actor. Mr. Lyon was a leading man in movies in the 1920s and '30s, and was best known for his starring roles in Flaming Youth (1923) and Hell's Angels (1930). He moved to England in the early 1940s, and enjoyed a successful career there in radio and television. Mr. Lyon died of a heart attack while travelling aboard the cruise ship Queen Elizabeth 2 on March 22, 1979 at the age of 78.

Politics and government
Robert Borden was chosen as leader of the Conservative Party of Canada, replacing former Prime Minister Sir Charles Tupper as Leader of the Opposition.

100 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Ronald Reagan. 40th President of the United States of America, 1981-1989. Mr. Reagan was a well-known actor in movies such as Knute Rockne, All American (1940) and Kings Row (1942), and served seven terms as president of the Screen Actors Guild. Originally a member of the Democratic Party, he switched to the Republicans, and was Governor of California from 1967-1975. After two unsuccessful attempts at winning the Republican nomination for President of the United States, Mr. Reagan was successful in 1980, and handily defeated incumbent President Jimmy Carter in that year's election. Mr. Reagan survived an assassination attempt early in his presidency, and went on to successfully prosecute the Cold War with the U.S.S.R., while adopting policies that led to an improvement in the American economy. When Mr. Reagan left the White House in 1989, he left the world a more peaceful place than when he became President--exactly the opposite of the prediction of many of his critics. Mr. Reagan died on June 5, 2004 at the age of 93, after a long battle with Alzheimer's disease. Mister, we could use a man like Ronald Reagan again.

80 years ago
1931

Died on this date
Motilal Nehru, 69. Indian politician. Mr. Nehru was a lawyer and journalist before entering politics. He was President of the Indian National Congress (1919-1920, 1928-1929), and chaired the Nehru Commission (1928), a memorandum to appeal for a new dominion status and a federal set-up of government for the constitution of India. Mr. Nehru died after years of declining health; his son Jawaharlal served as the first Prime Minister of independent India (1947-1964).

70 years ago
1941

War
British and Australian troops commanded by Lieutenant General Sir Archibald Wavell captured Benghazi, Libya.

Defense
The Lorne Scots (Peel Dufferin and Halton Regiment) were founded as a unit of the Canadian Army in Brampton, Ontario.

The U.S. House of Representatives voted 148-141 for an amendment to the Lend-Lease bill giving Congress the power to repeal it by a simple majority vote.

Diplomacy
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt nominated John G. Winant as U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom.

Japanese Ambassador to the United States Kichisaburō Nomura arrived in San Francisco.

The River Plate Conference ended in Montevideo with the five participating Latin American nations agreeing on economic matters and signing 26 regional pacts.

Law
The government of Romania decreed a new criminal code which doubled prison terms for Communists, Jews, and non-Romanians.

Labour
U.S. Navy Secretary Frank Knox listed 127 strikes in defense industries during 1940, with 100 now settled.

Medicine
U.S. food and drug commissioner W.G. Campbell reported that there was no known substance which could be relied upon to cure colds.

60 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Suspense, on CBS
Tonight's episode: Night Break, starring Anne Bancroft, E.G. Marshall, and Jane Seymour

Died on this date
Gabby Street, 68. U.S. baseball player and manager. Charles Evard Street, nicknamed "The Old Sarge," was a catcher with the Cincinnati Reds (1904-1905); Boston Beaneaters (1905); Washington Nationals (1908-1911); New York Highlanders (1912); and St. Louis Cardinals (1931), batting .208 with 2 home runs and 105 runs batted in in 502 games. On August 21, 1908, he caught a ball dropped 555 feet from the Washington Monument. Mr. Street managed the Cardinals for 1 game in 1929 and from 1930-1933, leading them to the National League pennant in 1930 and the World Series championship in 1931, coming out of retirement to play a few innings in one game in 1931. He managed in the minor leagues before returning to the major leagues with the St. Louis Browns (1938), leading them to a 53-90 record, bringing his major league record to 365-332. Mr. Street provided colour commentary on radio broadcasts of Cardinals games after World War II, overcame cancer, but died of heart failure.

War
The 2nd Battalion of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry became a component of the 27th British Commonwealth Brigade of the IX Corps in the 8th US Army, becoming the first Canadian infantry unit to take part in the Korean War.

Defense
The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission concluded its Operation Ranger series of atomic tests in Nevada, reporting that it was "completely satisfied" with the results.

Economics and finance
U.S. Economic Stabilization Agency Director Eric Johnston settled a dispute over price control enforcement by assigning civil as well as criminal prosecutions to the Justice Department.

Disasters
The Broker, a Pennsylvania Railroad passenger train, derailed near Woodbridge Township, New Jersey. The accident killed 85 people and injured over 500 more in one of the worst rail disasters in American history.

50 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Greenfields--The Brothers Four (7th week at #1)

#1 single in France (IFOP): Non, je ne regrette rien--Édith Piaf (4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Will You Love Me Tomorrow--The Shirelles (2nd week at #1)
2 Calcutta--Lawrence Welk and his Orchestra
3 Exodus--Ferrante and Teicher
4 Shop Around--The Miracles
5 Calendar Girl--Neil Sedaka
6 Wonderland by Night--Bert Kaempfert and his Orchestra
7 Angel Baby--Rosie and the Originals
8 Emotions--Brenda Lee
9 My Empty Arms--Jackie Wilson
10 Rubber Ball--Bobby Vee

Singles entering the chart were Little Boy Sad by Johnny Burnette (#66); Walk Right Back by the Everly Brothers (#71); Wheels by Billy Vaughn and his Orchestra (#73); Your Friends by Dee Clark (#79); The Most Beautiful Words by Della Reese (#81); Havin' Fun by Dion (#86); Model Girl by Johnny Maestro (#90); Keep Your Hands Off of Him by Damita Jo (#92); Lazy River by Bobby Darin (#94); Once Upon a Time by Rochell and the Candles with Johnny Wyatt (#95); Calcutta by the Four Preps (#96); For My Baby by Brook Benton (#97); Cerveza by Bert Kaempfert and his Orchestra (#98); Cowboy Jimmy Joe (Die Sterne der Prarie) by Lolita (#99); and Don't Let Him Shop Around by Debbie Dean (#100). Don't Let Him Shop Around was an "answer" to Shop Around.

Defense
After an off-the-record briefing by U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara, Washington correspondents reported that studies by the administration of President John F. Kennedy had indicated that there was no "missile gap" in favour of the Soviet Union.

Scandal
Seven executives of some of the U.S.A.’s largest electrical manufacturing companies were given 30-day jail sentences by Federal District Judge J. Cullen Ganey in Philadelphia for violation of anti-trust laws. Judge Ganey gave suspended sentences to 25 other electrical company executives and fined 12 more. All of the individuals and the 29 companies involved had pleaded guilty or no defense to charges of price-fixing and rigging of bids on heavy electrical equipment, sales of which totalled $1.75 billion annually. Fines totalling $1,787,000 were levied against the corporations--the largest were $437,500 against General Electric and $372,500 against Westinghouse--and $137,500 against the individuals. The case was described by the government as the largest of all criminal anti-trust cases. Judge Ganey said it involved "virtually every large manufacturer of electrical equipment in the industry" and was "a shocking indictment of a vast section of our economy."

40 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Rhodesia (Lyons Maid): Yo Yo--Chris Andrews (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Vent'anni--Massimo Ranieri (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): My Sweet Lord--George Harrison (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): My Sweet Lord--George Harrison (2nd week at #1)

Australia's Top 10 (Go-Set)
1 My Sweet Lord--George Harrison
2 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family
3 The Pushbike Song--The Mixtures
4 A Song of Joy--Miguel Rios
5 Eleanor Rigby--Zoot
6 Fire and Rain--James Taylor
7 Knock Three Times--Dawn
8 You Don't Have To Say You Love Me/Patch it Up--Elvis Presley
9 Mr. America--Russell Morris
10 Look What They've Done to My Song Ma--The New Seekers

Singles entering the chart were Does Anybody Really Know What Time it Is? by Chicago (#45); Because I Love You by Masters Apprentices (#47); Cry Me a River by Joe Cocker (#48); Apeman by the Kinks (#51); He Ain't Heavy...He's My Brother by Neil Diamond (#59); and Immigrant Song by Led Zeppelin (#50).

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Nothing Rhymed--Gilbert O'Sullivan (2nd week at #1)
2 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
3 My Sweet Lord--George Harrison
4 Peace Planet (Badinerie from suite no. 2 - J.S.Bach)--Ekseption
5 Rozie die Bloeien--Corry en de Rekels
6 Knock Three Times--Dawn
7 Hans Brinker Symphony--Holland
8 Bridget the Midget--Ray Stevens
9 Yesterday, When I was Young--Charles Aznavour
10 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds

Singles entering the chart were Holy Holy Life by Golden Earring (#14); Du by Peter Maffray (#19); Have You Ever Seen the Rain/Hey Tonight by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#21); Lucky Man by E.L.P. (#25); Silver Moon by Michael Nesmith & the First National Band (#33); October 26 by Pretty Things (#36); Butterfly by Danyel Gerard (#39); and Eva Magdalena by D.C. Lewis (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Knock Three Times--Dawn (3rd week at #1)
2 One Bad Apple--The Osmonds
3 My Sweet Lord/Isn't it a Pity--George Harrison
4 Lonely Days--Bee Gees
5 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
6 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds
7 Groove Me--King Floyd
8 Your Song--Elton John
9 One Less Bell to Answer--The 5th Dimension
10 If I were Your Woman--Gladys Knight & the Pips

Singles entering the chart were She's a Lady by Tom Jones (#60); Whole Lotta Love by C.C. S. (#64); Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me) by the Temptations (#71); Blue Money by Van Morrison (#79); Country Road by James Taylor (#81); Keep the Customer Satisfied by Gary Puckett (#85); For All We Know by the Carpenters (#87); (Where Do I Begin) Love Story by Andy Williams (#88); The Glory of Love by the Dells (#92); Angel Baby by Dusk (#93); Carolina Day by Livingston Taylor (#94); Medley from "Superstar" by the Assembled Multitude (#95); Didn't it Look So Easy by the Stairsteps (#96); and Heavy Makes You Happy (Sha-Na-Boom Boom) by the Staple Singers (#97). For All We Knowwas a version of the song from the movie Lovers and Other Strangers (1970), which went on to win the Academy Award for Best Original Song. (Where Do I Begin) Love Story was a vocal version of the theme from the movie Love Story (1970). Medley from "Superstar" was a medley of songs from the rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar (1970).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
2 Knock Three Times--Dawn
3 Lonely Days--Bee Gees
4 Groove Me--King Floyd
5 If I were Your Woman--Gladys Knight & the Pips
6 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds
7 One Bad Apple--The Osmonds
8 Stoney End--Barbra Streisand
9 Remember Me--Diana Ross
10 Your Song--Elton John

Singles entering the chart were Doesn't Somebody Want to Be Wanted by the Partridge Family (#45); For All We Know by the Carpenters (#48); Cried Like a Baby by Bobby Sherman (#61); Country Road by James Taylor (#73); Ain't it a Sad Thing by R. Dean Taylor (#85); Lonely Teardrops by Brian Hyland (#86); Cherish What is Dear to You (While it's Near to You) by Freda Payne (#88); The Morning of Our Lives by Arkade (#92); (Where Do I Begin) Love Story by Andy Williams (#94); Blue Money by Van Morrison (#98); One Toke Over the Line by Brewer and Shipley (#99); and After the Fire is Gone by Conway Twitty and Loretta Lynn (#100).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Record World)
1 Lonely Days--Bee Gees
2 Knock Three Times--Dawn
3 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
4 My Sweet Lord/Isn't it a Pity--George Harrison
5 Groove Me--King Floyd
6 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds
7 Your Song--Elton John
8 If I were Your Woman--Gladys Knight & the Pips
9 Mama's Pearl--The Jackson 5
10 One Bad Apple--The Osmonds

Singles entering the chart included Have You Ever Seen the Rain/Hey Tonight by Creedence Clearwater Revival (#40); Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me) by the Temptations (#59); For All We Know by the Carpenters (#75); Cried Like a Baby by Bobby Sherman (#79); She's a Lady by Tom Jones (#84); Doesn't Somebody Want to Be Wanted by the Partridge Family (#88); Country Road by James Taylor (#92); Proud Mary by Ike & Tina Turner (#94); The Glory of Love by the Dells (#97); Didn't it Look So Easy by the Stairsteps (#98); Celia of the Seals by Donovan (#99); and Blue Money by Van Morrison (#100).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Lonely Days--Bee Gees
2 Knock Three Times--Dawn
3 Isn't it a Pity--George Harrison
4 If You Could Read My Mind--Gordon Lightfoot
5 Stoney End--Barbra Streisand
6 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
7 Sing High, Sing Low--Anne Murray
8 Love the One You're With--Stephen Stills
9 Immigrant Song--Led Zeppelin
10 Your Song--Elton John

Singles entering the chart were She's a Lady by Tom Jones (#74); Your Time to Cry by Joe Simon (#75); Don't Let the Green Grass Fool You by Wilson Pickett (#91); Celia of the Seals by Donovan (#92); Whole Lotta Love by King Curtis and the Kingpins (#93); Cried Like a Baby by Bobby Sherman (#94); Wild World by Cat Stevens (#95); Ordinary Man by Freedom North (#96); Proud Mary by Ike & Tina Turner (#97); Keep the Customer Satisfied by Gary Puckett (#98); Medley from "Superstar" by the Assembled Multitude (#99); and One Toke Over the Line by Brewer and Shipley (#100).

Calgary's Top 10 (Glenn's Music)
1 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
2 Stay Awhile--The Bells
3 Sweet Mary--Wadsworth Mansion
4 Knock Three Times--Dawn
5 My Sweet Lord--George Harrison
6 Your Song--Elton John
7 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds
8 Children--Jimmy Aiello and the Happy Feeling
9 Born to Wander--Rare Earth
10 One Bad Apple--The Osmonds
Pick hit of the week: 1900 Yesterday--Liz Damon's Orient Express

On the radio
Sherlock Holmes, starring Georg Arlin and Gosta Pruzelius, on Radioteatern (Sweden)
Tonight's episode: The Hound of the Baskervilles, Part 5

Space
Apollo 14 commander Alan Shepard hit a golf ball on the moon before he and lunar module pilot Edgar Mitchell returned to the lunar module Antares to prepare for a reunion with the command module Kitty Hawk, piloted by Stuart Roosa.



Disasters
22 were killed and more than 100 injured when twin earthquakes within three hours of each other virtually razed the ancient Italian town of Tuscania and damaged other hill towns in central Italy.

Hockey
NHL
The St. Louis Blues traded centre Red Berenson and left wing Tim Ecclestone to the Detroit Red Wings for centre Garry Unger and right wing Wayne Connelly. In 45 games with the Blues in 1970-71, Mr. Berenson had scored 16 goals and 26 assists, while Mr. Ecclestone had scored 15 goals and 24 assists in 47 games with the Blues. In 51 games with the Red Wings in 1970-71, Mr. Unger had scored 13 goals and 14 assists, while Mr. Connelly had scored 8 goals and 13 assists in the same number of games. Mr. Unger had scored 42 goals in 1969-70, but he injured his back in a swimming pool accident during the summer of 1970, influencing his decline in productivity.

New York 5 @ Vancouver 4
Philadelphia 2 @ Toronto 4

The Rangers edged the Canucks at Pacific Coliseum in the national Hockey Night in Canada telecast, while Jim Harrison scored 2 goals for the Maple Leafs as they defeated the Flyers at Maple Leaf Gardens in the southern Ontario regional telecast.



30 years ago
1981

Died on this date
Hugo Montenegro, 55. U.S. bandleader and composer. Mr. Montenegro was known for his performances of music from movies, notably the "Spaghetti Western" compositions of Ennio Morricone. Mr. Montenegro's version of For a Few Dollars More (with a Luis Bonfa composition, The Gentle Rain, on the B-side) was released as a single in 1967, and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly reached #2 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in the spring of 1968. The follow-up single, Hang 'Em High, reached #82 a few months later. He wrote movie scores and themes for television series such as I Dream of Jeannie (1965-1970) and The Partridge Family (1970-1974). Mr. Montenegro died after suffering from severe emphysema for several years.

War
The National Resistance Army of Uganda launched an attack on a Ugandan Army installation in the central Mubende District to begin the Ugandan Bush War.

Diplomacy
The New York Times reported that documents captured from rebels in El Salvador indicated that the U.S.S.R. and Cuba had agreed in 1980 to deliver tons of weapons to Marxist guerrillas in El Salvador. These weapons were to come from stockpiles of U.S. arms that had been seized in Vietnam and Ethiopia.

Labour
Wildcat strikes in Poland ended when Prime Minister Wojciech Jaruzelski accepted the resignations of the governor of the province of Bielsko-Biala and three deputies.

Crime
Three young Negro men--Lawrence and Leonard Capers and Samuel Lightsey--were convicted of murder in the beating deaths of three white men during the May 1980 riots in the Liberty City section of Miami. The victims had been dragged from their car and beaten to death after the car had been stopped by a crowd. Mr. Lightsey was convicted of second degree murder, and the Capers brothers of third degree murder. A fourth youth, Patrick Moore, was acquitted.

Hockey
NHL
Winnipeg 4 @ Edmonton 10

25 years ago
1986

Hit parade
Edmonton's top 30 (CHED)
1 That's What Friends are For--Dionne and Friends (with Elton John, Gladys Knight & Stevie Wonder)
2 So Far Away--Dire Straits
3 Spies Like Us--Paul McCartney
4 Talk to Me--Stevie Nicks
5 Tarzan Boy--Baltimora
6 When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Get Going--Billy Ocean
7 Live is Life--Opus
8 Rock Me Amadeus--Falco
9 My Hometown--Bruce Springsteen
10 I'm Your Man--Wham!
11 Everything in My Heart--Corey Hart
12 Conga--Miami Sound Machine
13 It's Only Love--Bryan Adams and Tina Turner
14 Burning Heart--Survivor
15 Cosmetics--Gowan
16 The Sweetest Taboo--Sade
17 Kyrie--Mr. Mister
18 Go Home--Stevie Wonder
19 Life in a Northern Town--The Dream Academy
20 Sara--Starship
21 How Will I Know--Whitney Houston
22 Take Me Home--Phil Collins
23 King for a Day--Thompson Twins
24 There was a Time--One to One
25 Say You, Say Me--Lionel Richie
26 Living in America--James Brown
27 These Dreams--Heart
28 This Could Be the Night--Loverboy
29 The Sun Always Shines on TV--A-Ha
30 Silent Running--Mike & the Mechanics

On television tonight
The Twilight Zone, on CITV
Tonight’s episode: Welcome to Winfield, starring Gerrit Graham; Quarantine, starring Scott Wilson

At the movies
De aanslag (The Assault) opened in theatres in the Netherlands.





Died on this date
Dandy Nichols, 78. U.K. actress. Miss Nichols, born Daisy Sander, was best known for her co-starring role as Else Garnett in the television comedy series Till Death Us Do Part (1966-1975).

Minoru Yamasaki, 73. U.S. architect. Mr. Yamasaki was best known for designing the World Trade Center.

Diplomacy
Haitian dictator Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier met with the American and French ambassadors to lay the groundwork for his departure for France.

Disasters
At the first meeting of the commission investigating the January 28 explosion of the U.S. space shuttle Challenger that had killed 7 astronauts, NASA officials acknowledged that there had been concerns about cold weather at the time of the launch, including the possibility that water pipes used for support services would freeze. Judson Lovingood, deputy manager of the shuttle’s project office in Huntsville, Alabama said that a conference call had been arranged with Morton Thiokol Inc., manufacturer of some parts of the rocket. There was concern that the rubbery O-rings used to seal joints connecting the four segments of the rockets could crack or break in the cold. Mr. Lovingood said that Morton Thiokol recommended that the launch proceed. The temperature at Cape Canaveral, Florida was 24F early on January 28 and 38F at the time of the launch, 13 Fahrenheit degrees colder than any previous launch.

20 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Sadeness Part I--Enigma (4th week at #1)

On television tonight
The Wonder Years, on ABC
Tonight’s episode: Who's Aunt Rose?

Died on this date
Danny Thomas, 79. U.S. entertainer. Mr. Thomas, born Amos Kairouz, was a nightclub comedian and singer before he achieved success as an actor, most notably as the star of the television comedy series Make Room for Daddy (later retitled The Danny Thomas Show) (1953-1964).

Salvador Luria, 78. Italian-born U.S. microbiologist. Dr. Luria shared the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Max Delbrück and Alfred Hershey "for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses."

Space
Debris from the Soviet space station Salyut 7, which had been launched in 1982 and abandoned in 1986, re-entered Earth’s atmosphere. The 43-ton station had once held 6 cosmonauts. American experts said that the Soviets had intended to keep the station aloft, but unexpectedly high solar activity had increased atmospheric drag on the station, hastening its orbital decay. The Soviet government claimed there had never been any radioactive material aboard the station.

War
King Hussein of Jordan appeared to drop his stance of neutrality, asserting that nations allied against Iraq were attempting to put all Arabs "under direct foreign hegemony."

Protest
Students at Enver Hoxha University in Albania went on strike, calling for political and economic reforms and the ouster of some leading government officials.

10 years ago
2001

Politics and government
Likud Party leader Ariel Sharon was elected Prime Minister of Israel, defeating Labour Party leader and incumbent Prime Minister Ehud Barak 63%-37%.

February 5, 2011

380 years ago
1631

Americana
Puritan leader and Rhode Island founder Roger Williams landed near Boston aboard the ship Lyon.

200 years ago
1811

Britannica
The Prince of Wales, the future King George IV, was named Prince Regent after King George III was declared insane.

130 years ago
1881

Died on this date
Thomas Carlyle, 85. U.K. writer and mathematician. Mr. Carlyle, a native of Scotland, was a historian who espoused the "great man" theory of history in books such as his three-volume The French Revolution: A History (1837); On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History (1841); and the 6-volume History of Friedrich II of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great (1858-1865). He was known in mathematics for the Carlyle circle, a certain circle in a coordinate plane associated with a quadratic equation.

Americana
The city of Phoenix, Arizona was incorporated.

100 years ago
1911

Aviation
Vivian "Vee" Walsh took to the skies over South Auckland in a plane named Manurewa for the first successful powered flight in New Zealand.

80 years ago
1931

Died on this date
Athanasios Eftaxias, 81 or 82. Prime Minister of Greece, 1926. Mr. Eftaxias was first elected to Parliament in 1893, and held several cabinet posts. In 1926, President and Prime Minister Theodoros Pangalos decided to resign as Prime Minister; no one wanted the office, so Mr. Pangalos called on Mr. Eftaxias, who agreed to serve on condition that political exiles in Naxos be released and that elections be held. Mr. Pangalos accepted the conditions, and Mr. Eftaxias was sworn in as Prime Minister on July 19. His government lasted just over a month, as a coup led by Giorgios Kondylis seized power on August 22.

75 years ago
1936

At the movies
Modern Times, produced, written, directed by, and starring Charlie Chaplin, received its premiere screening in New York City.





70 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Otto Strandman, 65. Prime Minister of Estonia, 1919; State Elder of Estonia, 1929-1931. Mr. Strandman was a member of several parties as he moved from radical socialist to centrist, holding several cabinet and diplomatic posts before and after serving as Prime Minister from May-November 1919 and head of state from 1929-1931. The U.S.S.R. occupied Estonia in 1940, and Mr. Strandman was summoned to appear before the Soviet secret police force NKVD. He chose instead to commit suicide by shooting himself.

Mineo Ōsumi, 64. Japanese military officer and politician. Admiral Baron Ōsumi had a distinguished career in the Imperial Japanese Navy before serving as Minister of the Navy from 1931-1932 and 1933-1936, and as Naval Councillor from 1936 until his death, when the plane that he and six naval officers were aboard that was travelling from Guangzhou to Japanese-occupied Hainan was shot down by Chinese guerrillas soon after takeoff.

War
In their heaviest raids in two weeks, British bombers struck Brest, Dunkerque, Bordeaux and Dusseldorf.

Defense
The U.S. House of Representatives ended the three-day debate on the Lend-Lease bill in an unusual night session.

Diplomacy
1940 Republican Party U.S. presidential candidate Wendell Willkie departed the United Kingdom for New York after recording an anti-Nazi radio message for broadcast to Germany.

Economics and finance
New York State Supreme Court Justice Morris Eder signed a writ of attachment in New York, tying up $260 million in finds of the Bank of France in the United States.

Business
A U.S. federal antitrust suit began in Washington against the American Medical Association; Medical Society of Washington; Washington Academy of Surgery; and the Harris County (Texas) Medical Society.

Labour
U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt told strikers at Leviton Manufacuring Company in Brooklyn that every worker "should join a labor organization."

The U.S. Justice Department filed suit against the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), charging that it was an unlawful combination in restraint of trade.

Football
NFL
Three club owners protested as "illegal" the appointment two days earlier of Elmer Layden as National Football League Commissioner.

60 years ago
1951

On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: The House of Dust, starring Nina Foch and Anthony Quinn

Diplomacy
U.S. President Harry Truman appointed National Sugar Refining Company chairman Ellsworth Bunker as U.S. Ambassador to Argentina, succeeding Stanton Griffis.

Defense
Canadian Defence Minister Brooke Claxton asked Parliament to pass a $5-billion, three-year defense program, providing for a 100-ship navy, a 40-squadron air force, and an army of over one full division.

Scandal
A U.S. federal grand jury in Washington indicted "five percenter" James Hunt on charges of taking fees to get government contracts for businessmen while serving with the War Assets Administration.

Labour
A royal decree from King Farouk outlawed strikes in Egypt after a series of walkouts and strike threats by groups of teachers, physicians, and engineers.

U.S. Defense Mobilization Director Charles Wilson asked striking railroad workers to fulfill their "responsibility to our fighting men in Korea" by returning to work.

40 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): My Sweet Lord--George Harrison (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): My Sweet Lord--George Harrison (2nd week at #1)

South Africa's Top 10 (Springbok Radio)
1 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds
2 Look Out Here Comes Tomorrow--The Dealians
3 Knock Three Times--Dawn
4 Gypsy Woman--Brian Hyland
5 I Think I Love You--The Partridge Family
6 Looky Looky--Giorgio
7 No Matter What--Badfinger
8 Zanzibar--Wanda Arletti
9 Cracklin' Rosie--Neil Diamond
10 San Bernadino--Christie

Singles entering the chart were Rose Garden by Lynn Anderson (#16); Mendocino by Michael Holm (#17); and River Deep--Mountain High by the Supremes and the Four Tops (#20).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 One Bad Apple--The Osmonds
2 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds
3 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
4 Knock Three Times--Dawn
5 Lonely Days-- Bee Gees
6 Amos Moses--Jerry Reed
7 Love the One You're With--Stephen Stills
8 Born to Wander--Rare Earth
9 Sweet Mary--Wadsworth Mansion
10 Your Song--Elton John

Singles entering the chart were Me and Bobby McGee by Janis Joplin (#26); Amazing Grace by Judy Collins (#28); and She's a Lady by Tom Jones (#30).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKVN)
1 Your Song--Elton John
2 I Hear You Knocking--Dave Edmunds
3 If You Could Read My Mind--Gordon Lightfoot
4 Amazing Grace--Judy Collins
5 Sing High, Sing Low--Anne Murray
6 Apeman--The Kinks
7 If I were Your Woman--Gladys Knight & the Pips
8 Remember Me--Diana Ross
9 Born to Wander--Rare Earth
10 Lonely Days-- Bee Gees

Singles entering the chart were Me and Bobby McGee by Janis Joplin (#27); Blue Money by Van Morrison (#29); and She's a Lady by Tom Jones (#30).

Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 Rose Garden--Lynn Anderson
2 My Sweet Lord--George Harrison
3 Knock Three Times--Dawn
4 Your Song--Elton John
5 Put Your Hand in the Hand--Ocean
6 Amazing Grace--Judy Collins
7 Stay Awhile--The Bells
8 If You Could Read My Mind--Gordon Lightfoot
9 For the Good Times--Ray Price
9 Sing High, Sing Low--Anne Murray
10 Bridget the Midget (The Queen of the Blues)--Ray Stevens

On television tonight
The Interns, on CBS
Tonight's episode: Metamorphosis

Space
Apollo 14 astronauts Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell landed on the moon in the lunar module Antares while Stuart Roosa orbited in the command module Kitty Hawk. The landing took place in the Fra Mauro region, which had been the scheduled landing and exploration area for Apollo 13 in April 1970 before that landing was cancelled because of the near-fatal service module explosion.



30 years ago
1981

Died on this date
Ella T. Grasso, 61. U.S. politician. Mrs. Grasso, a Democrat, was Connecticut's Secretary of State (1959-1971); represented the state's 6th District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1971-1975); and serve as Governor of Connecticut from 1975-1980, becoming the first woman to be elected governor of a U.S. state without being the wife or widow of a former governor. She was known for fiscal responsibility and her effective handling of cleanup efforts of a major snowstorm in 1978. Mrs. Grasso resigned on December 31, 1980, and died of ovarian cancer.

Crime
Toronto police arrested over 300 men in raids on Toronto sodomite bathhouses.

25 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Say You, Say Me--Lionel Richie (5th week at #1)

World events
Haitian dictator Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier invoked an emergency decree imposing fines or prison terms on owners of shops or factories who had closed their doors as part of the protest against his regime. Several countries had refused a request by Mr. Duvalier for political asylum.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Ronald Reagan submitted his budget for the 1987 fiscal year, containing a deficit of $143.6 billion. Mr. Reagan proposed to increase defense spending by 12% and to eliminate or cut back 40 domestic programs. He called for no new taxes.

20 years ago
1991

Died on this date
Dean Jagger, 87. U.S. actor. Mr. Jagger had a lengthy career as a character actor, and was best known for his starring role in Brigham Young (1940) and his supporting performance in Twelve O'Clock High (1949), for which he won an Academy Award.

Economics and finance
Canadian Minister of International Trade John Crosbie announced that Canada would join scheduled talks between the United States and Mexico aimed at creating a free trade zone in North America. Talks were to begin in April, with the aim of striking an agreement by the end of the year. If successful, the plan would create a market encompassing 360 million people and $7 trillion per year in commerce.

Politics and government
The governments of Québec and Canada signed an immigration accord giving Québec exclusive responsibility for selecting immigrants who wished to live in the province.

Hockey
NHL
Edmonton 5 @ Boston 6 (OT)

10 years ago
2001

Diplomacy
Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien arrived in Washington as the first foreign leader to visit newly-inaugurated U.S. President George W. Bush.

Terrorism
Four disciples of Osama bin Laden went on trial in New York for the 1998 bombings of two U.S. embassies in Africa.

February 4, 2011

1,800 years ago
211

Died on this date
Septimius Severus, 55. Emperor of the Roman Empire, 193-211. Septimius Severus, a native of Africa, advanced through the customary succession of offices under the reigns of Marcus Aurelius and Commodus, and seized power after the death of Emperor Pertinax during the Year of the Five Emperors, killing incumbent Emperor Didius Julianus. He achieved military success, enlarging the borders of the Empire. Emperor Severus travelled to Britain in 208, strengthening Hadrian's Wall, reoccupying the Antonine Wall, and invading Caledona (Scotland). He fell fatally ill with an infectious disease late in 210. Severus was succeeded by his sons Caracalla and Geta, beginning the Severan dynasty.

210 years ago
1801

Law
John Marshall was sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States; he replaced Oliver Ellsworth, who had resigned on December 15, 1800.

150 years ago
1861

Politics and government
Delegates from the southern states that had voted to secede from the Union--South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana--met in Montgomery, Alabama and organized a provisional government for the Confederate States of America. Texas had also voted to secede, but their delegates were delayed in arriving.

140 years ago
1871

Born on this date
Friedrich Ebert. Chancellor of Germany, 1918-1919; 1st President of Germany, 1919-1925. Mr. Ebert, leader of the Social Democratic Party, became Chancellor as Kaiser Wilhelm II was fleeing for the Netherlands, and took office as provisional President on February 11, 1919, and retained the position after the new constitution came into effect in August 1919. He cooperated with nationalist groups in suppressing worker uprisings, which made him a figure of controversy. Mr. Ebert died of septic shock after an emergency appendectomy on February 28, 1925, 24 days after his 54th birthday.

130 years ago
1881

Born on this date
Eulalio Gutiérrez Ortiz. President of Mexico, 1914-1915. Mr. Gutiérrez was a general from Coahuila in the Mexican Revolution, and was elected President by the Aguascalientes Convention after the ouster of President Victoriano Huerta. President Gutiérrez moved the capital from Mexico City to San Luis Potosi, but he was unsuccessful in attempting to control the two main generals of the revolution, Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata. Mr. Gutiérrez resigned as President and made peace with the revolution's "Primer Jefe" ("First Chief"), Venustiano Carranza. Mr. Gutiérrez went into exile in the United States, but returned to Mexico in 1920, and was elected Senator and Governor of Coahuila in 1928. He supported the rebellion of José Gonzalo Escobar in 1929, but was forced into exile in San Antonio, Texas when the rebellion failed. Mr. Gutiérrez returned to Mexico again in 1935, and died in Saltillo on August 12, 1939 at the age of 58.

120 years ago
1891

Died on this date
Pelagio Antonio de Labastida y Dávalos, 74. Mexican clergyman. Rev. Labastida, known for his conservative views, was named Roman Catholic Bishop of Puebla in 1855. When Liberals returned to power in Mexico in 1857, Rev. Labastida went into exile in Europe. He was recalled to Mexico in 1859 after Conservatives regained power, but was later exiled to Europe again. Rev. Labastida met Archduke Maximilian of Austria in 1862, and in 1863 visited Pope Pius IX, who appointed him Archbishop of Mexico. After French forces invaded Mexico in 1862 and a Council of Notables was convened in 1863 to discuss the founding of an empire, Archbishop Labastida proposed that Maximilian should be made Emperor, and was named by the Council of Notables to the Regency of the Empire prior to Maximilian's acceptance of the offer. Archbishop Labastida was removed from the Council of Notables in November 1863 because of differences with French commander François Achille Bazaine, and returned to Euope after the triumph of the Republic in 1867, but without resigning his office. Archbishop Labastida attended the First Vatican Council (1870-1871), and was permitted by Mexican President Benito Juarez to return to the country, which he did.

110 years ago
1901

Popular culture
Québec City revived its Winter Carnival.

90 years ago
1921

Economics and finance
Germans of all classes wre united in rejecting Allied demands for $55 billion in Great War reparations.

70 years ago
1941

War
Japanese troops made a surprise landing in the Chinese province of Kwantung in an effort to cut supply lines into free China.

Defense
U.S. Army General Robert E. Wood, acting chairman of the America First Committee, claimed the the United Kingdom had enough assets in the United States to finance war orders for another 12-18 months.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced the extension of the export licensing system to the U.S.S.R. in an effort to prevent shipments from reaching Germany through Russia.

Popular culture
The United Service Organizations (USO) was incorporated in New York to provide recreational opportunities for U.S. armed forces personnel on leave.

60 years ago
1951

Theatre
The Rose Tattoo, written by Tennessee Williams, directed by Daniel Mann, and starring Maureen Stapleton, Phyllis Love, and Eli Wallach, opened at the Martin Beck Theatre on Broadway in New York.

Agriculture
Italian Agriculture Minister Antonio Segni disclosed details of the government's land reform program, involving distribution of 3.75 million acres to peasants between mid-1951 and 1953.

Labour
The U.S.S.R. said that the World Federation of Trade Unions would move its international headquarters from Paris to Warsaw.

Health
The Soviet Health Ministry publication Medical Worker reported that the oldest man in the U.S.S.R. ad probably the world was Masmir Kiut, 154, a Caucasian peasant.

50 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Wonderland by Night--Bert Kaempfert and his Orchestra

#1 single in Italy: What a Sky (Su nel cielo)--Nico Fidenco (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Ramona--Blue Diamonds (6th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (Dutch Top 40): Save the Last Dance for Me--The Drifters (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): Are You Lonesome To-night?--Elvis Presley (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Will You Love Me Tomorrow--The Shirelles (2nd week at #1)
2 Calcutta--Lawrence Welk and his Orchestra
3 Exodus--Ferrante and Teicher
--[Mantovani & his Orchestra]
4 Shop Around--The Miracles
5 Wonderland By Night--Bert Kaempfert and his Orchestra
--[Louis Prima]
--[Anita Bryant]
6 Calendar Girl--Neil Sedaka
7 Angel Baby--Rosie and the Originals
8 Emotions--Brenda Lee
9 Are You Lonesome To-Night?--Elvis Presley
10 Rubber Ball--Bobby Vee

Singles entering the chart were Ebony Eyes (#65)/Walk Right Back (#89) by the Everly Brothers; Dedicated to the One I Love by the Shirelles (#77); Little Boy Sad by Johnny Burnette (#85); Ginnie Bell by Paul Dino (#88); The Watusi by the Vibrations (#95); Stayin’ In by Bobby Vee (#97); You're the Boss by Lavern Baker & Jimmy Ricks (#98); I Remember by Maurice Williams and the Zodiacs (#99); Ram-Bunk-Shush by the Ventures (#100); Close Together by Jimmy Reed (also #100); and Ja-Da by Johnny and the Hurricanes (also #100).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CFUN)
1 Baby Sittin' Boogie--Buzz Clifford (2nd week at #1)
2 Shop Around--The Miracles
3 Oh Joan--The Beau-Marks
4 Ebony Eyes--The Everly Brothers
5 Apache--Jorgen Ingmann and his Guitar
6 Take Time Out--Carl Dobkins, Jr.
7 Emotions--Brenda Lee
8 Where the Boys Are--Connie Francis
9 Corinna, Corinna--Ray Peterson
10 Calcutta--Lawrence Welk and his Orchestra

Singles entering the chart were Havin' Fun by Dion (#37); Pony Time by Chubby Checker (#40); Dream Boy by Annette with the Afterbeats (#43); Tomorrow by the Shirelles (#44); Model Girl by Johnny Maestro (#46); A Scottish Soldier (Green Hills of Tyrol) by Andy Stewart (#47); More than I Can Say by Bobby Vee (#49); and At Last by Etta James (#50).

Vancouver's Top 10 (CKWX)
1 Baby Sittin' Boogie--Buzz Clifford
2 Ebony Eyes--The Everly Brothers
3 Calendar Girl--Neil Sedaka
4 Emotions--Brenda Lee
5 Wheels--The String-A-Longs
6 Where the Boys Are--Connie Francis
7 Shop Around--The Miracles
8 Corinna, Corinna--Ray Peterson
9 Wings of a Dove--Paul Clayton
10 Calcutta--Lawrence Welk and his Orchestra

Singles entering the chart were A Scottish Soldier (Green Hills of Tyrol) by Andy Stewart (#24); The Touchables by Dickie Goodman (#28); There's a Moon Out Tonight by the Capris (#33); Little Boy Sad by Johnny Burnette (#34); Pony Time by Chubby Checker (#37); Little Sad Eyes by the Castells (#39); and Top Forty, News, Weather and Sports by Mark Dinning (#40). The Touchables was a "break-in" record, a comedy record featuring excerpts from recent hits.

On television tonight
The Roaring 20's, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Two a Day

Space
The U.S.S.R. launched Sputnik 7, whose purpose was to test life-support systems. The satellite weighed 14,292 pounds, making it the heaviest object yet sent into orbit by man. The Soviet announcement said that the satellite had been sent aloft by an "improved, multi-stage rocket." It was indicated that the project was aimed at testing the power of Soviet propulsion systems and increasing the weight of objects hurled into space as part of the Soviet plan to put a man into orbit. Sputnik 7 went into an orbit ranging from 138-203 miles above the Earth.



War
The Angolan War of Independence and the greater Portuguese Colonial War began.

World events
The Cuban government of Fidel Castro seized the company that supplied water to the U.S. naval base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, but the water supply, sent to the naval base through an aqueduct of the Yateras Water Company, was not immediately affected. It was said that the government seized the company because its owners, members of the families that owned the Bacardi rum concern, had fled Cuba. The U.S. State Department said that the Navy had prepared for an emergency by developing a de-salting plant, adding reservoir capacity, and keeping water tankers stationed in the Caribbean Sea.

Terrorism
The drama that had begun on January 22 when pirates led by former Portuguese army captain Hecor Galvao hijacked the Portuguese cruise ship Santa Maria and held almost 1,000 people hostage in the Atlantic Ocean ended when Brazil returned the ship, at the request of the Portuguese government, to the Colonial Navigation Company of Lisbon. The crew and passengers had been debarked at Recife two days earlier, and Mr. Galvao and his 29 followers had been given asylum by Brazil.

Medicine
The journal Radiation Research published A Direct Measurement of the Radiation Sensitivity of Normal Mouse Bone Marrow Cells by Canadian Drs. James Till and Ernest McCulloch, their groundbreaking work proving the existence of stem cells in the blood, able to differentiate themselves into red or white cells or platelets.

Boxing
Joey Archer (30-0) won a 10-round majority decision over Don Fullmer (25-4-1) in a middleweight bout at Madison Square Garden in New York. On the undercard, Wilf Greaves (33-16-1) of Edmonton won an 8-round majority decision over Obdulio Nunez (15-3) in another middleweight bout.

40 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): My Sweet Lord--George Harrison (4th week at #1)

War
Egyptian President Anwar Sadat agreed to extend the Middle East cease-fire for 30 days, but at the same time proposed that Israel should pull back its troops, and that Egypt would then begin clearing the Suez Canal for navigation.

Business
Rolls-Royce Ltd., the U.K.’s 14th-largest industrial firm, collapsed into receivership. The crash was attributed to a two-year deal with Lockheed Aircraft Corp. for 540 engines for its new triStar jet airbus at a fixed price of US$840,000. The actual cost of each engine rose to more than $1 million, putting the company over the brink. Rolls-Royce supplied engines for 110 airlines and 32 air forces. The motor car division, which accounted for only 5% of the firm, was due to be sold, while the British government of Prime Minister Edward Heath slated nationalization of the division held to be vital to national defense.

30 years ago
1981

Hit parade
Vancouver's Top 10 (CKLG)
1 (Just Like) Starting Over--John Lennon (9th week at #1)
2 The Tide is High--Blondie
3 Looking for Clues--Robert Palmer
4 9 to 5--Dolly Parton
5 I Love a Rainy Night--Eddie Rabbitt
6 Celebration--Kool & The Gang
7 Turn Me Loose--Loverboy
8 De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da--The Police
9 The Winner Takes it All--ABBA
10 Passion--Rod Stewart

Singles entering the chart were Stealin' the Night by J.C. Stone (#18); I Ain't Gonna Stand for It by Stevie Wonder (#19); and Treat Me Right by Pat Benatar (#20).

World events
Iran released Mohi Sobhani, one of three Americans still being held in Iran.

Energy
The U.S. Office of Management and Budget announced that President Ronald Reagan intended to eliminate five large synthetic fuel development projects and to slash federal support to Synthetic Fuels Corporation by about 1/3, or $5.3 billion.

Oil
Exxon, Texaco, and Shell announced price increases averaging 9c per gallon on heating oil.

Hockey
NHL
Edmonton 3 @ Chicago 6

20 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Ai wa Katsu--(愛は勝つ)--Kan (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Bring Your Daughter... to the Slaughter--Iron Maiden

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Beinhart--Torfrock (2nd week at #1)

War
Iranian President Hashemi Rafsanjani made a surprise offer to hold peace talks directly with Iraq and the United States.

Economics and finance
U.S. President George Bush presented a $1.446-trillion budget to Congress for the 1992 fiscal year. The deficit was forecast at $280.9 billion, the second-highest ever. The figures reflected neither the full cost of the Gulf War nor of the savings and loan bailout.

Football
CFL
The Edmonton Eskimos named Ron Lancaster as their head coach, replacing the departed Joe Faragalli. "The Little General" had a 19-year Hall of Fame career as a quarterback with the Ottawa Rough Riders (1960-1962) and the Saskatchewan Rough Riders (1963-1978) before serving as the Roughriders' head coach in 1979-1980. After compiling a record of just 4 wins and 28 losses, Mr. Lancaster was let go by the Roughriders, but joined the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, where he was an outstanding colour commentator on telecasts of CFL games from 1981-1990.

10 years ago
2001

Terrorism
Canadian Bill Sampson, who had been working in Riyadh for a Saudi government agency, and two other men--a Briton and a Belgian--appeared on television in Saudi Arabia and explained how they carried out two bombings in Riyadh in November 2000, which had killed one Briton and injured four others. If sentenced according to Sharia law, the men risked execution by beheading.

Football
NFL
Pro Bowl @ Aloha Stadium, Honolulu
AFC 38 NFC 17

February 3, 2011

850 years ago
1161

Died on this date
Inge I, 24 or 25. King of Norway, 1136-1161. Inge I, nicknamed "Inge the Hunchback," acceded to the throne upon the murder of his father Harald IV by Sigurd Slembe, a pretender to the throne. Inge became a hunchback after being dropped during infancy, and was unable to walk unaided. He was an illegitimate son of King Harald, and the kingdom was divided among Inge and Harald's three legitimate sons. Inge was the last remaining brother, but was killed in battle against the forces of King Haakon the Broadshouldered, a son of Siburd Slembe. King Inge was succeeded by Haakon II and Magnus V.

560 years ago
1451

Died on this date
Murad II, 46. Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, 1421-1444, 1446-1451. Murad II acceded to the throne upon the death of his father Mehmed I. Murad II achieved military and economic success before abdicating in 1844 in favour of his son Mehmed II, but a revolt of the janissaries (elite infantry units) forced his return, and he remained on the throne until his death, whereupon he was once again succeeded by Mehmed II.

350 years ago
1661

War
Maratha forces under Chattrapati Shivaji defeated the Mughals in the Battle of Umberkhind in India.

230 years ago
1781

War
British forces seized the Dutch-owned Caribbean island Sint Eustatius.

200 years ago
1811

Born on this date
Horace Greeley. U.S. journalist and politician. Mr. Greeley supported numerous progressive and utopian causes before and after founding the New-York Tribune in 1841. He was a Whig when he was elected to fill the last three months of a term in the U.S. House of Representatives (1848-1849), representing New York's 6th District. Mr. Greeley was one of the founders of the Republican Party in 1854, and may have named the party. He became disenchanted with the Republicans during Reconstruction after the American Civil War, and in 1872 was the U.S. presidential candidate of the new Liberal Republican Party. Despite obtaining the support of the Democratic Prty, Mr. Greeley suffered a lopsided loss to incumbent President U.S. Grant. Mr. Greeley's wife died a week before the election; he was plunged into despair, and his own health declined. Mr. Greeley died on November 29, 1872 at the age of 61; the Electoral College hadn't yet voted, and his 66 electoral votes were split among other candidates. Mr. Greeley has been credited, perhaps erroneously, with saying, "Go west, young man..." When Mr. Greeley visited the western United States, he didn't like it at all, and was glad to get back to New York.

190 years ago
1821

Born on this date
Elizabeth Blackwell. U.K.-born physician. Dr. Blackwell moved with her family to New York at the age of 11, and was a schoolteacher before deciding to pursue a medical career. She was accepted by Geneve Medical College in New York state, and in 1849 became the first woman in the United States to earn a medical degree. Dr. Blackwell practiced in Europe and the United States, organizing nurses during the American Civil War, and moving back to England in 1869. She retired from medicine in 1877, and spent the rest of her life promoting various social reforms. Dr. Blackwell was seriously incapacitated by a bad fall in 1907, and suffered a serious stroke three years later, which caused her death on May 31, 1910 at the age of 89.

180 years ago
1831

Law
U.S. President Andrew Jackson extended copyright law to the use of music, creating for the first time income for the songwriter and making possible a publishing and licensing industry.

70 years ago
1941

War
German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler approved the final version of Operation Barbarossa, the plan for the German invasion of Russia.

Politics and government
Cuban President Fulgencio Batista took ove personal command of Cuba's armed forces and suspended civil rights for 15 days.

U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt refused to speak to the American Youth Congress because of its opposition to the military draft and aid to the United Kingdom.

Economics and finance
Officials said that Japan would not abandon her program of economic penetration of the Netherlands East Indies despite Dutch protests.

Labour
The U.S. Supreme Court unanimously upheld the constitutionality of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act, the wage-hours law. The U.S. Federal Court of Appeal ruled that the National Labor Relations Board lacked the legal right to police relations between an employer and his employees under a collective bargaining agreement.

Football
NFL
Elmer Layden resigned as head coach at the University of Notre Dame in order to accept a five-year contract as Commissioner of the National Football League.

60 years ago
1951

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Bewitched--Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra; Doris Day (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): The Tennessee Waltz--Patti Page (Best Seller--6th week at #1; Disc Jockey--5th week at #1; Jukebox--5th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Tennessee Waltz--Patti Page (6th week at #1)
--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians
--Les Paul and Mary Ford
--Jo Stafford
2 My Heart Cries for You--Guy Mitchell
--Dinah Shore
--Vic Damone
--Jimmy Wakely
3 The Thing--Phil Harris
4 Harbor Lights--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
--Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians
--Ray Anthony and his Orchestra
--Bing Crosby
5 Be My Love--Mario Lanza
6 A Bushel and a Peck--Perry Como and Betty Hutton
--Margaret Whiting and Jimmy Wakely
7 Nevertheless (I’m in Love with You)--Paul Weston and his Orchestra
--The Mills Brothers
--Ralph Flanagan and his Orchestra
--Ray Anthony and his Orchestra
8 Thinking of You--Don Cherry
--Eddie Fisher
9 If--Perry Como
10 You’re Just in Love--Perry Como

Singles entering the chart were Marrying for Love by Guy Mitchell and Rosemary Clooney (#24); I Still Feel the Same About You by Georgia Gibbs with Owen Bradley (#31); I Taut I Taw a Puddy Tat by Mel Blanc (#33); and Life is So Peculiar, with versions by Louis Armstrong and Louis Jordan; and Frank Sinatra (#34).

At the movies
Cry Danger, directed by Robert Parrish, and starring Dick Powell and Rhonda Fleming, opened in theatres.





War
Communist Chinese Premier Chou En-lai declared that the passage of a United Nations resolution charging the People's Republic of China with aggresion in Korea had "blocked the path to a peaceful settlement."

Economics and finance
East and West Germany signed a $19.6-million trade agreement in Berlin.

The U.S. National Production Authority ordered further cuts in civilian use of aluminum and rubber.

Horse racing
Great Circle, with Bill Shoemaker up, won the Santa Anita Maturity in Arcadia, California.

50 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Are You Lonesome To-night?--Elvis Presley (2nd week at #1)

On television tonight
The Twilight Zone, on CBS
Tonight’s episode: A Penny for Your Thoughts, starring Dick York, June Dayton, Dan Tobin, and Cyril Delevanti

The script was the first of four teleplays for The Twilight Zone by George Clayton Johnson, who also had four of his stories adapted for the series by others.

Died on this date
William Morrison, 1st Viscount Dunrossil, 67. Governor-General of Australia, 1960-1961. Mr. Morrison, a native of Scotland, was a Conservative who represented Cirencester and Tewkesbury in the British House of Commons. He held several cabinet posts, and served as Speaker of the House (1951-1959), retiring for health reasons. Mr. Morrison was made Viscount Dunrossil in 1959, and was appointed Governor-General of Australia, taking office on February 2, 1960. His health problems continued; he died from a pulmonary embolism, and was succeeded as Governor-General by Viscount De L'Isle.

Anna May Wong, 56. U.S. actress. Miss Wong, born Wong Liu Tsong, was a popular star of movies in the 1920s and '30s, despite industry discrimination against Oriental performers, and typecasting in stereotypical roles. Her movies included The Thief of Bagdad (1924); Piccadilly (1929); and A Study in Scarlet (1933). Miss Wong starred in The Gallery of Madame Liu-Tsong (1951), a detective show that was the first television series to star an Asian-American. Her health declined through the 1950s, and she died of a heart attack, preventing her from taking up a supporting role in the movie Flower Drum Song (1961).

Defense
The United States Air Forces began Operation Looking Glass, and over the next 30 years, a "Doomsday Plane" was always in the air, with the capability of taking direct control of the United States' bombers and missiles in the event of the destruction of the Strategic Air Command's command post.

Economics and finance
The Canadian Bank of Commerce merged with Imperial Bank of Canada; to form the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC).

U.S. President John F. Kennedy ordered a $4-million program of federal assistance for Cuban refugees in the United States, bringing to $5 million the total of foreign aid funds allocated to Cuban refugees, whose number was estimated at 66,000, including 32,000 in the Miami area.

40 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): My Sweet Lord--George Harrison (2nd week at #1)

Crime
New York Police Officer Frank Serpico was shot during a drug bust in Brooklyn; he survived to later testify against police corruption.

Business
Bombardier acquired Industries Bouchard, located in La Pocatière, as well as MS Distribution and Saint-Hyacinthe Sport, distributors for Moto-Ski in Quebec and in the Maritime provinces.

Disasters
A fire and explosion in a chemical plant in Woodbine, Georgia killed 25 and hospitalized 33.

30 years ago
1981

War
It was reported that Saudi Arabia and other Persian Gulf countries had been cooperating in the shipment of arms, including tanks, to Iraq in its war against Iran.

Politics and government
The Manitoba Court of Appeal ruled the federal government's constitutional proposals and amendments to be legal.

Business
Petro-Canada offered to acquire control of Petrofina Canada Ltd. from foreign owners at $120 per share, or $1.46 billion.

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 3 @ Detroit 5



25 years ago
1986

Disasters
U.S. President Ronald Reagan named an independent commission to investigate the January 28 explosion of the space shuttle Challenger that had killed all 7 aboard. The commission’s chairman was former Secretary of State William Rogers, and the vice-chairman was former astronaut Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon.

Religion
Pope John Paul II visited Mother Teresa in Calcutta and visited her refuge for the sick and dying.

20 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): I'll Be Your Baby Tonight--Robert Palmer and UB40

#1 single in Switzerland: Sadeness Part I--Enigma (8th week at #1)

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 Unchained Melody--The Righteous Brothers
2 Keep on Running--Milli Vanilli
3 Sadeness Part I--Enigma
4 Hello Afrika--Dr. Alban featuring Leila K.
5 I'll Be Your Baby Tonight--Robert Palmer and UB40
6 Fantasy--Black Box
7 Ice Ice Baby--Vanilla Ice
8 To Love Somebody--Jimmy Somerville
9 The Joker--Steve Miller Band
10 Justify My Love--Madonna

Singles entering the chart were A Better Love by Londonbeat (#22); It's a Shame (My Sister) by Monie Love featuring True Image (#26); and Being Boring by Pet Shop Boys (#30).

Died on this date
Nancy Kulp, 69. U.S. actress. Miss Kulp was best known for playing Jane Hathaway in the television comedy series The Beverly Hillbillies (1962-1971). She died of cancer.

Politics and government
The Israeli cabinet of Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir approved admitting the Modelet (Homeland) party to the government’s ruling coalition. Modelet advocated expelling all Palestinians from the occupied territories.

Football
NFL
Pro Bowl @ Aloha Stadium, Honolulu
AFC 23 NFC 21

The American Football Conference outscored the National Conference 17-7 in the 4th quarter to win before 50,345 fans (see video). New Orleans Saints' kicker Morten Andersen's field goal attempt in the final seconds was blocked, preserving the win for the AFC. Quarterback Jim Kelly of the Buffalo Bills was named the game's most valuable player.

10 years ago
2001

Politics and government
Roger Grimes was elected leader of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador after winning the second ballot at the party's leadership convention; he succeeded Brian Tobin as party leader and Premier.

Sport
Catriona LeMay Doan of Canada won gold medals in the 500-metre and 1,000-metre speed skating races at Heerenveen, Netherlands.

February 2, 2011

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Sandy Ting and Simon O’Byrne!

870 years ago
1141

War
Angevin forces, loyal to former Holy Roman Empress Matilda, defeated the Blesevins, the forces of King Stephen, in the Battle of Lincoln. King Stephen was captured and taken to Bristol, where he was imprisoned.

550 years ago
1461

Died on this date
Owen Tudor, 60-61 (?). Welsh-born English nobleman. Sir Owen was the second husband of Catherine of Valois, the widow of King Henry V of England, and the grandfather of King Henry VII. He was killed leading Lancastrian troops in the Battle of Mortimer's Cross.

War
Yorkist forces defeated Lancastrian forces in the Battle of Mortimer's Cross at Kingsland, Hertfordshire in the Wars of the Roses.

475 years ago
1536

South Americana
Spanish conquistador Pedro de Mendoza founded the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

360 years ago
1651

Born on this date
William Phips. American politician. Sir William, a native of Maine, moved to Boston in 1673, and was a treasure hunter in the 1680s, recovering a large treasure from a sunken Spanish galleon off the island of Hispaniola in 1686. He led successful naval campaigns against New France in 1690, and was appointed Governor of Massachusetts Bay in 1692. Sir William signed the order creating the court that heard the Salem witch trials in 1692, but became dissatisfied, and disbanded the court after five months. He was recalled to London in 1694 to face charges of conspiring to withhold customs monies, but fell ill with a fever and died on February 18, 1695, 16 days after his 44th birthday, before the charges could be heard.

150 years ago
1861

Born on this date
Solomon Guggenheim, 88. U.S. businessman and philanthropist. Mr. Guggenheim worked in his family's mining business, eventually retiring to pursue a full-time avocation as an art collector. He established the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation and the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City, and died on November 3, 1949 at the age of 88.

130 years ago
1881

Born on this date
Orval Overall. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Overall played with the Cincinnati Reds (1905-1906) and Chicago Cubs (1906-1910, 1913), compiling a record of 108-71 with an earned run average of 2.23 in 218 games. His best season was 1907, when he was 23-7 with a 1.68 ERA, leading the National League with 8 shutouts, helping the Cubs to their first World Series championship. Mr. Overall won a game in the 1907 World Series and 2 in the 1908 World Series, including the fifth and final game as the Cubs repeated as champions. Mr. Overall was a successful banker after his baseball career ended, and died on July 14, 1947 at the age of 66.

Died on this date
Henry Parker, 72. U.K.-born Australian politician. Sir Henry joined the British East India Company as a young man, and settled in Sydney in 1838. He was nominated to the Legislative Council in 1846, and served as chairman of committees until the coming of responsible government in 1856. Sir Henry took office as Premier of New South Wales in October 1856, but resigned in September 1857 after his government was defeated on an electoral bill. He returned to England in 1858, and apparently never again visited Australia.

110 years ago
1901

Born on this date
Jascha Heifetz. Lithuanian-born U.S. musician. Mr. Heifetz was considered one of the greatest violinists in history from his public debut at the age of 7 in his native Lithuania until a shoulder operation forced his retirement in 1972. He died on December 10, 1987 at the age of 86.

100 years ago
1911

Born on this date
Jack Pizzey. Australian politician. Mr. Pizzey, a member of the Country Party, represented Isis in the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 1950-1968, and held various cabinet posts before taking office as Premier of Queensland on January 17, 1968. He died of a heart attack on July 31, 1968 at the age of 57 after just 6½ months as Premier, and was succeeded by Deputy Premier Gordon Chalk for a week until Joh Bjelke-Petersen was chosen as the Country Party's new leader.

80 years ago
1931

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Richard Gordon and Leigh Lovell, on NBC
Tonight’s episode: The Creeping Man

75 years ago
1936

Baseball
Ty Cobb, Babe Ruth, Honus Wagner, Christy Mathewson, and Walter Johnson were the first players elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York.

70 years ago
1941

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on NBC
Tonight’s episode: The Hound of the Baskervilles, Part 4

War
Canadian Prime Minister Mackenzie King announced that Canada would double her overseas armed forces.

Protest
Peace was restored in Johannesburg after three days of rioting between soldiers and anti-British civilians.

Labour
American Federation of Labor President William Green claimed that the majority of workers at the Ford Motor Company plants in River Rouge and Lincoln wanted to join the AFL. The Congress of Industrial Organizations disputed the claim, and appealed to the National Labor Relations Board.

Sport
Ken Bartholomew won the 1941 North American men's speed skating championship.

60 years ago
1951

On the radio
Hear it Now, hosted by Edward R. Murrow, on CBS

Tonight's program included reports on Supreme Commander of NATO--Europe General Dwight D. Eisenhower's visit to Europe, and a special report on Detroit. Messrs. Edwards and Collingwood substituted for Edward R. Murrow, who was suffering from laryngitis.

At the movies
Víctimas del Pecado, directed by Emilio Fernández, and starring Ninón Sevilla and Tito Junco, opened in theatres in Mexico.



War
U.S. forces in Korea began a "kill Communists" offensive, probing Chinese defenses around Seoul.

Defense
In an address broadcast throughout the United States on radio and television, Supreme Commander of NATO--Europe General Dwight D. Eisenhower urged "unity in spirit and action" to enable the West to build a "wall of security" against the U.S.S.R.

The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, in Operation Ranger, set off the fourth in a series of atomic explosions at an Air Force testing range in Nevada.

Crime
Seven Negroes were executed in Martinsville, Virginia for the rape two years earlier of Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman. The executions took place despite over 10,000 protests from all over the world.

Health
The British Health Ministry reported severe outbreaks of influenza and pneumonia in the major cities of England and Wales, causing 7,989 deaths in December and January.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Harry Truman asked Congress for an immediate $10-billion tax increase as the first step toward balancing his $71.6-billion budget and forestalling an anticipated $16.5-billion deficit.

50 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade): As Long as He Needs Me--Shirley Bassey

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Are You Lonesome To-night?--Elvis Presley (2nd week at #1)

On television tonight
The Untouchables, starring Robert Stack, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The Jamaica Ginger Story

At the movies
Constantino il grande (Constantine and the Cross), directed by Lionello de Felice, and starring Cornel Wilde, Belinda Lee, and Massimo Serato, received its premiere screening in Rome.



Terrorism
Under an agreement that he had negotiated with Brazilian authorities, Hector Galvao--a former Portuguese army captain who had led a band of pirates in hijacking the Portuguese cruise ship Santa Maria in the Atlantic Ocean on January 22, with almost 1,000 people held hostage--debarked the 607 passengers at Recife, and permitted the 350-man crew to leave the ship. Mr. Galvao and his 29 followers were granted asylum by Brazil.

Politics and government
Ministers from the ousted cabinet of former Laotian Premier Souvanna Phouma who had allied themselves with the pro-Communist Pathet Lao rebels announced the formation of an interim government to rule rebel-held areas of Laos until Mr. Phouma could return from exile in Cambodia.

Economics and finance
U.S. President John F. Kennedy delivered a special message to Congress on the economy, saying that the nation "has been falling further and further short of its economic capabilities." To reverse the downward trend, he offered "a program that goes well beyond anti-recession measures." His proposals included an increase in minimum monthly Social Security benefits; increases in taxes on both employers and employees; temporary extension of unemployment insurance for the long-term jobless; and an increase in the minimum wage to $1.15 per hour immediately and $1.25 per hour within two years. Mr. Kennedy also announced the establishment of a pilot food-stamp program for needy families in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Minnesota, Illinois, and Michigan.

Disasters
A special Pennsylvania Railroad train carrying 300 passengers from Philadelphia to the race track at Bowie, Maryland was derailed three miles from the race track, killing 6 people and injuring more than 90.

40 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Kvällstoppen): Candida--Dawn (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): My Sweet Lord--George Harrison (3rd week at #1)

Politics and government
Idi Amin replaced President Milton Obote as leader of Uganda.

Defense
The United States launched NATOSAT-II, a military communications satellite placed into a stationary equatorial orbit by NASA for NATO.

Environment
The international Ramsar Convention for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands was signed in Ramsar, Mazandaran, Iran.

30 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): (Just Like) Starting Over--John Lennon (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Koi wa Do!--Toshihiko Tahara (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): (Just Like) Starting Over--John Lennon

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Angel of Mine--Frank Duval & Orchestra

War
Iran estimated that its army had killed more than 200 in major counterattacks against Iraqi troops and Kurdish insurgents in Kurdistan and Azerbaijan in the previous two days. Iraq claimed that 166 Iranian soldiers had been killed and two helicopters and a Phantom jet had been shot down.

Foreign ministers of the Organization of American States held an emergency meeting to consider the border conflict between Peru and Ecuador. Both countries had called a cease-fire in the Amazon jungle region on the border because of appeals from the United States, Pope John Paul II, and other Latin American countries. Ecuador asked the OAS to condemn Peru for aggression, and Peru asked for a committee to be sent to investigate an invasion of a border that had been set by a treaty in 1942. Both sides had claimed heavy losses to the other side, but Ecuador claimed that only two of its soldiers had been killed, while Peru admitted to the loss of one man.

Law
The reformed Québec Civil Code went into effect.

Education
U.S. Secretary of Education T.H. Bell barred proposed regulations that would have required public schools to teach foreign-speaking students in their native languages. The plans would have forced to provide instruction in both the foreign language and English. Mr. Bell estimated that the costs of these programs over the next five years would have been about $1 billion, and that there were about 3.5 million children in the United States who spoke little or no English, 70% of them Hispanic Americans.

25 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Nikita--Elton John (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Jeanny--Falco (3rd week at #1)

Football
NFL
Pro Bowl @ Aloha Stadium, Honolulu
NFC 28 AFC 24

New York Giants' quarterback Phil Simms led the NFC to 2 touchdowns in the 4th quarter to overcome a 24-14 deficit before 50,101 fans, and was named the game's most valuable player.



20 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): I Touch Myself--Divinyls

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Sadeness Part I--Enigma

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Sadeness Part I--Enigma (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Alle Børnene--2 X Kaj (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Ice Ice Baby--Vanilla Ice (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Sadeness Part I--Enigma

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): 3 A.M. Eternal--The KLF featuring the Children of the Revolution

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Ice Ice Baby--Vanilla Ice (7th week at #1)
2 Knockin' Boots--Candyman
3 Maar Vanavond Heb Ik Hoofdpijn--Hanny
4 Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)--C&C Music Factory
5 Mary Had a Little Boy--Snap!
6 To Love Somebody--Jimmy Somerville
7 All Together Now--The Farm
8 Don't Worry--Kim Appleby
9 Go for It! (Heart and Fire)--Joey B. Ellis and Tynetta Hare
10 Crazy--Seal

Singles entering the chart were Love Let Love by Tony Scott (#29); Liefde Voor Muziek by Raymond v/h Groenewoud (#30); Cry for Help by Rick Astley (#31); Gaode Vanaovond Mee Stappe by Gaode Vanaovond Mee Stappe (#33); Someday by Mariah Carey (#34); and Give Peace a Chance by Peace Choir (#36).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 The First Time--Surface (2nd week at #1)
2 Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)--C+C Music Factory featuring Freedom Williams
3 Love Will Never Do (Without You)--Janet Jackson
4 Sensitivity--Ralph Tresvant
5 Play That Funky Music--Vanilla Ice
6 After the Rain--Nelson
7 I'm Not in Love--Will to Power
8 All the Man that I Need--Whitney Houston
9 Just Another Dream--Cathy Dennis
10 High Enough--Damn Yankees

Singles entering the chart were I'll Be by Your Side by Stevie B (#81); Who Said I Would by Phil Collins (#83); Mother's Pride by George Michael (#87); My Side of the Bed by Susanna Hoffs (#88); Secret by Heart (#89); Together Forever by Lisette Melendez (#92); Ride the Wind by Poison (#93); and Rico Suave by Gerardo (#96). Mother's Pride was the B-side of Waiting for that Day, charting at #43.

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The First Time--Surface
2 Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)--C+C Music Factory featuring Freedom Williams
3 Love Will Never Do (Without You)--Janet Jackson
4 Sensitivity--Ralph Tresvant
5 High Enough--Damn Yankees
6 Play That Funky Music--Vanilla Ice
7 I’m Not in Love--Will to Power
8 After the Rain--Nelson
9 All the Man that I Need--Whitney Houston
10 Just Another Dream--Cathy Dennis

Singles entering the chart were My Side of the Bed by Susanna Hoffs (#72); Ride the Wind by Poison (#89); and I’ll Be by Your Side by Stevie B (#90).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Justify My Love--Madonna
2 You Gotta Love Someone--Elton John
3 Love Will Never Do (Without You)--Janet Jackson
4 Til I Am Myself Again--Blue Rodeo
5 Disappear--INXS
6 Freedom--George Michael
7 Because I Love You (The Postman Song)--Stevie B
8 After the Rain--Nelson
9 I’m Not in Love--Will to Power
10 For You--The Outfield

Singles entering the chart were King of the Hill by Roger McGuinn (#50); Give it Up by ZZ Top (#57); You're in Love by Wilson Phillips (#64); Headlong by Queen (#65); Cry of Love by Gino Vannelli (#73); Only the Lonely by World on Edge (#75); Crying in the Rain by A-Ha (#84); Rescue Me by Madonna (#95); and Maybe Next Time by Sue Medley (#98).

10 years ago
2001

Diplomacy
Democratic Republic of the Congo President Joseph Kabila told the United Nations Security Council that he would seek to end Congo’s civil war, but that first the "armies of aggression" from Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda would have to leave his country.

The Canadian government banned the importation of Brazilian beef as a precaution against mad cow disease. Brazil claimed that there was no danger of the disease, and that the ban was a political one.

Scandal
Former U.S. President Bill Clinton said that he and his wife. Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton, would return $86,000 worth of gifts they had received in 2000. However, he said they would keep $104,000 in gifts received prior to 2000. Mr. Clinton also announced that his Presidential Library Foundation would pay about half the rent on his office in a penthouse in Manhattan. The rent would cost $650,000 or more per year, a record for a former president.

Politics and government
Ontario Minister of Finance Ernie Eves quit to become vice-chair and senior adviser at Credit Suisse First Boston Canada.

Health
Canada began banning imports of beef and beef products from Brazil due to concerns of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BES or mad cow disease).