February 13, 2015

90 years ago
1925

Died on this date
Floyd Collins, 37. U.S. accident victim. Mr. Collins was a farmer in central Kentucky who liked to explore the caves near his home. On January 30, 1925, he became trapped in one of them, with a large rock on his foot preventing him from moving. William Burke "Skeets" Miller of the Louisville Courier-Journal reported on the rescue efforts from the scene. Mr. Miller's reports attracted national and international attention, resulting in a Pulitzer Prize for Mr. Miller. Mr. Collins' plight and the rescue effort was one of the first stories to be widely reported on radio. Rescuers reached Mr. Collins on February 17, but he had died from exposure an estimated four days earlier. Mr. Collins' remains were removed from the cave on April 23, 1925 and buried on the family farm.

80 years ago
1935

Crime
A jury in Flemington, New Jersey found Bruno Richard Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of 1-year-old Charles Lindbergh, Jr.

75 years ago
1940

Theatre
The Unconquered, an adaptation by Ayn Rand of her novel We the Living (1936), opened at the Biltmore Theatre on Broadway in New York. It was produced and directed by George Abbott, and starred Helen Craig, John Emery, and Dean Jagger.

Literature
The American Booksellers Association announced its awards for 1939: The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck--favourite fiction; Johnny Got His Gun by Dalton Trumbo--most original book; Wind, Sand and Stars by Antoine de St. Exupery, favourite non-fiction.

War
Soviet forces claimed taking a total of 84 forts along the Mannheim Line in Finland, breaking through at Summa.

Diplomacy
Japan announced the abrogation of her arbitration treaty with the Netherlands.

Defense
The United States House of Representatives began debate on a record $966,722,878 Navy supply bill.

Law
The United States Supreme Court saved four transient Negro men in Florida from execution, ruling unanimously in Chambers v. Florida that their 1933 confessions and guilty pleas on murder and robbery charges had been obtained by violations of their constitutional rights. Future Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall had argued the case for the accused.

70 years ago
1945

War
British Royal Air Force bombers were dispatched to Dresden, Germany to attack the city with a massive aerial bombardment. U.S. troops in Germany created a 10-mile bridgehead across the Our and Sauer Rivers near Echternach, with a depth of up to 2 miles. Soviet forces completed the conquest of Budapest after a 50-day siege which cost the Axis 159,000 troops, the largest single loss since Stalingrad in 1943. U.S. forces in the Philippines occupied Nichols Airfield and the Cavite Naval Base in the outskirts of Manila.

Diplomacy
The Polish government-in-exile in London rejected the Yalta proposals on Poland, claiming they provided for the fifth partition of the country, and that they violated the principles of the Atlantic Charter.

Defense
The French cabinet announced that it would create a large military base at Dakar, French West Africa to guarantee the communications of the French Empire and contribute to collective security.

Art
The U.S. National Institute of Arts and Letters awarded the 1945 gold medal to sculptor Paul Manship for his achievements.

60 years ago
1955

At the movies
The Big Combo, starring Cornel Wilde, Richard Conte, Brian Donlevy, and Jean Wallace, opened in theatres.



Archaeology
Israel obtained four of the seven Dead Sea scrolls.

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Downtown--Petula Clark

#1 single in France: Sacré Charlemagne--France Gall (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Le colline sono in fiore--The New Christy Minstrels

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Das ist die Frage aller Fragen--Cliff Richard (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): The French Song (Quand le soleil dit bonjour aux montagnes)--Lucille Starr (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Tired of Waiting for You--The Kinks

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers (2nd week at #1)
2 Downtown--Petula Clark
3 This Diamond Ring--Gary Lewis and the Playboys
4 The Name Game--Shirley Ellis
5 My Girl--The Temptations
6 All Day and All of the Night--The Kinks
7 Shake--Sam Cooke
8 Love Potion No. 9--The Searchers
9 I Go to Pieces--Peter and Gordon
10 Let's Lock the Door (And Throw Away the Key)--Jay and the Americans

Singles entering the chart were Goldfinger, with versions by Billy Strange; Jack LaForge and his Orchestra; and John Barry and his Orchestra (#50, charting with the version by Shirley Bassey); Goodnight by Roy Orbison (#58); Midnight Special (#69)/Cupid (#82) by Johnny Rivers; Come Home by the Dave Clark Five (#70); New York's a Lonely Town by the Trade Winds (#72); Yeh, Yeh by Georgie Fame and the Blue Flames (#73); Don't Let Me Be Misunderstood by the Animals (#77); Angel by Johnny Tillotson (#78); People Get Ready by the Impressions (#80); Born to Be Together by the Ronettes (#83); You're Next by Jimmy Witherspoon (#84); Cry by Ray Charles (#90); Red Roses for a Blue Lady by Vic Dana (#91); Does He Really Care for Me by Ruby and the Romantics (#92); Mr. Pitiful by Otis Redding (#93); and Go Now! by the Moody Blues (#98). Wayne Newton's version of Red Roses for a Blue Lady was mentioned with the version by Vic Dana, but was not charted.

Died on this date
William Heard Kilpatrick, 93. U.S. pedagogue. Dr. Kilpatrick was a major figure in progressive education, a colleague of and successor to John Dewey. Dr. Kilpatrick was a student (1907-1909) and professor (1909-1937) at Columbia University. He developed the Project Method for early childhood education, and believed that the role of a teacher should be that of a "guide" as opposed to an authoritarian figure, and that children should direct their own learning according to their interests and should be allowed to explore their environment, experiencing their learning through the natural senses.

Protest
Following U.S. air attacks on North Vietnam, five days of violent anti-American demonstrations began in the capitals of Hungary, Bulgaria, Uganda, Venezuela, Malaysia, and in Medan, Indonesia.

Politics and government
Nicholas Katzenbach, former acting head of the Department of Justice, was named Attorney General in the cabinet of U.S. President Lyndon Johnson. He replaced Robert F. Kennedy, who had resigned and been elected to the Senate in November 1964.

Labour
Quebec Liquor Board employees ended a 70-day strike.

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): January--Pilot (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Arthur Laing, 70. Canadian politician. Mr. Laing, a Liberal, represented Vancouver South in the House of Commons from 1949-1953 and 1962-1972. He served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau as Minister of Public Works from 1968-1972 and Minister of Veterans Affairs from January-November 1972. A bridge linking Vancouver to Sea Island is named in his honour, as is a major office building in downtown Yellowknife.

World events
Turkish Cypriots declared a separate state in the northern 40% of Cyprus.

Politics and government
Anker Henrik Jorgensen, leader of the Social Democratic Party, took office as Prime Minister of Denmark, six days after the Progress Party had withdrawn its support from a four-party minority coalition headed by Prime Minister Poul Hartling.

Carla Anderson Hills, a lawyer from Los Angeles, was named Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in the cabinet of U.S. President Gerald Ford.

Diplomacy
The Organization of African Unity began an eight-day meeting in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Labour
The U.K. National Union of Mineworkers agreed to the coal board's offer of a pay increase of up to 35%.

30 years ago
1985

Edmontonia
Jan Bailey was chosen Miss Teen Edmonton 1985.

Crime
Denis Lortie was found guilty of first-degree murder of three Quebec National Assembly workers in his machine gun attack of May, 1984. The Canadian Armed Forces corporal had sprayed the chamber with bullets before being calmed.

25 years ago
1990

On television tonight
The Wonder Years, on ABC
Tonight's episode: The St. Valentine’s Day Massacre

Diplomacy
At the first-ever meeting of NATO and Warsaw Pact ministers in Ottawa, a formula for German reunification talks was established. East and West Germany would discuss internal and domestic issues relating to reunification. External issues, such as "security of the neighbouring states," would be expanded to include the "Big Four" allies of World War II: The U.S.A.; U.S.S.R.; U.K.; and France. In another tentative breakthrough, the Soviets agreed to limit their troops in Europe to 195,000 and to a large limit--225,000--for U.S. troops in Europe.

West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl and East German Premier Hans Modrow met in Bonn, and agreed to talks on uniting their two monetary systems under the West German deutschmark.

World events
Two days after being freed from prison, South African anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela was welcomed home to Soweto by a crowd of 100,000.

Abominations
At its meeting in Los Angeles, the American Bar Association voted 238-106 to support a constitutional right to abortion. The resolution opposed legislation or other governmental action "that interferes with the confidential relationship between a pregnant woman and her physician or with the decision to terminate the pregnancy at any time before the fetus is capable if independent life."

The Soviet secret police force KGB admitted that 786,098 people had been shot to death as enemies of the state under the rule of Josef Stalin.

Health
Canadian Health Minister Perrin Beatty announced $75-100,000 in compensation for each victim of the drug thalidomide born n Canada from 1959-1961.

Transportation
Bombardier proposed a $5.3-billion high speed rail link between Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa and Toronto, based on the French TGF (Très Grande Vitesse) train.

Business
Drexel Burnham Lambert Group Inc., a Wall Street firm which had become profitable in the 1980s through the use of junk bonds--securities that paid high interest rates and had high risk--filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The firm’s slide began in 1988 when it agreed to pay the U.S. government $650 million to settle insider-trading charges; subsequently, the value of junk bonds declined, and the firm’s leading junk bond trader, Michael Milken, was indicted on a number of charges. Company officials said that the bankruptcy filing would lead to DBLG’s liquidation.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy: Round and Around--Ti.Pi.Cal.

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): No More "I Love You's"--Annie Lennox

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): Cotton Eye Joe--Rednex (19th week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Conquest of Paradise--Vangelis

Conquest of Paradise was the theme from the movie 1492: Conquest of Paradise (1992).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Insensitive--Jann Arden (3rd week at #1)
2 Bang and Blame--R.E.M.
3 On Bended Knee--Boyz II Men
4 Take a Bow--Madonna
5 You Don't Know How it Feels--Tom Petty
6 When I Come Around--Green Day
7 Mishale--Andru Donalds
8 Strong Enough--Sheryl Crow
9 The Sweetest Days--Vanessa Williams
10 You Wreck Me--Tom Petty

Singles entering the chart were If I Wanted To by Melissa Etheridge (#81); Someday, I'll Be Saturday Night by Bon Jovi (#82); Everlasting Love by Gloria Estefan (#86); Under the Gun by Foreigner (#91); Blue by the Jayhawks (#93); Mahk Johi by Robbie Robertson (#94); and Whiney Whiney by Willi One Blood (#95).

Abominations
A war crimes tribunal in Geneva indicted 21 Serbs for crimes against humanity, for actions they had taken in the war in Bosnia. Only one of those charged was in custody. One of the accused, Zeljko Meakic, former commander of a concentration camp, was also accused of genocide in the mass killing of Muslims and Croats, marking the first time that an international tribunal had charged an individual with genocide.

Politics and government
In Canadian federal by-elections, Lucienne Robillard was elected for the Liberals as they won all three, keeping two seats in Ottawa and Montreal, and winning one from the Bloc Quebecois. The new standings in the House of Commons were: Liberal 177; BQ 53; Reform 52; New Democratic Party 9; Progressive Conservative 2; Independent 2.

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 4 Chicago 2

Baseball
The Los Angeles Dodgers signed pitcher Hideo Nomo, a five-time all-star in the Japanese leagues. Mr. Nomo became the first Japanese player in the major leagues since Masanori Murakami, who pitched with the San Francisco Giants in 1964-1965.

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Maurice Trintignant, 87. French auto racing driver. Mr. Trintignant competed on the Formula One circuit from 1950-1964, winning the 1958 Monaco Grand Prix and the 1964 Italian Grand Prix.

Nelson Briles, 61. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Briles played with the St. Louis Cardinals (1965-1970); Pittsburgh Pirates (1971-1973); Kansas City Royals (1974-1975); Texas Rangers (1976-1977); and Baltimore Orioles (1977-1978), compiling a record of 129-112 with an earned run average of 3.44. His best season was 1967, when he was 14-5 with an ERA of 2.43 as the Cardinals won the World Series. The Cardinals won the National League pennant again in 1968, and Mr. Briles was with the Pirates when they won the World Series in 1971. He pitched one of the best games in World Series history, a 2-hit shutout as the Pirates blanked the Baltimore Orioles 4-0 to take a 3-2 lead in the Series. Mr. Briles collapsed and died of a heart attack while playing in the Pirates' alumni golf tournament in Orlando, Florida.

Music
Ray Charles, who had died on June 10, 2004, won eight posthumous Grammy awards for his final album, Genius Loves Company, which had been released on August 31, 2004.

Football
NFL
Pro Bowl @ Aloha Stadium, Honolulu
AFC 38 NFC 27

Peyton Manning of the Indianapolis Colts threw 3 touchdown passes and was named the game's most valuable player as the American Football Conference defeated the National Football Conference before 50,225 fans.

February 12, 2015

160 years ago
1855

Academia
Michigan State University was established.

130 years ago
1885

Born on this date
Bill Mack. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Mack played with the Chicago Cubs (1908), posting a 0-0 record with an earned run average of 3.00 in 2 games. He played 3 seasons in the minor leagues (1904-1907), and died on September 30, 1971 at the age of 86.

120 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Kristian Djurhuus. Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands, 1950-1959; 1968-1970. Mr. Djurhuus was a member of the Union Party when he led the government of the Faroe Islands, a self-governing country within the Kingdom of Denmark He died on November 20, 1984 at the age of 89.

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
Lorne Greene. Canadian-born U.S. broadcaster and actor. Mr. Greene, a native of Ottawa, graduated from Queen's University and then became a newsreader for CBC radio during World War II, earning the nickname "The Voice of Doom." He then went to Hollywood, where he became famous in the role of Ben Cartwright in the television western series Bonanza (1959-1973). Mr. Greene was also a recording artist in the 1960s, and his spoken word ballad Ringo reached #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in the U.S.A. in 1964. He died on September 11, 1987 at the age of 72.

Died on this date
Fanny Crosby, 94. U.S. hymnist. Miss Crosby, who went blind shortly after birth, wrote more than 8,000 hymns and gospel songs, as well as 1,000 poems and secular popular, patriotic, and political songs. Her hymns included Blessed Assurance and To God Be the Glory. Miss Crosby supported rescue missions for many years, and was inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 1975.

Americana
The cornerstone for the Lincoln Memorial was laid in Washington, D.C.

80 years ago
1935

Disasters
USS Macon, one of the two largest helium-filled airships ever created, crashed into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California and sank. Of the 76 crew members aboard, the only ones killed were Radioman 1st Class Ernest Edwin Dailey and Mess Attendant 1st Class Florentino Edquiba.

75 years ago
1940

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on NBC
Tonight’s episode: The Golden Pince-Nez

War
A British Royal Navy ship forced the scuttling of the German freighter Wakama in Brazilian waters. The first contingent of Australian troops landed at Suez, where they were greeted by U.K. Dominion Secretary Anthony Eden. Japanese sources reported the landing in the Chinese province of Fukien of a 50,000-man Chinese force, to be used by Wang Ching-wei, leader of the Japanese-sponsored government in central China, against the Chinese Nationalist Army.

Defense
The United States Army announced a new bomber capable of flying 300 miles per hour with a range of 3,000 miles.

Diplomacy
The American Jewish Congress, at its conference in Washington, adopted a resolution to safeguard the rights of Jews against anti-Semitism in the United States.

Politics and government
A poll showed 56% of Republican Party voters in the United States favouring New York City District Attorney Thomas Dewey as the party's candidate for President of the United States in the November 1940 election. Other contenders included U.S. Senators Arthur Vandenberg (Michigan) and Robert Taft (Ohio).

U.S. Representative Hamilton Fish (Republican--New York) said that the most important issue before Americans was keeping out of foreign entanglements.

The American Youth Congress, meeting in Washington, adopted a resolution to keep the U.S.A. out of war.

Economics and finance
New York City District Attorney Thomas Dewey told a Lincoln's Birthday audience that the New Deal policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt had created a "house divided" that had shackled enterprise and caused high unemployment.

Labour
Minnesota Governor Harold Stassen (Republican) charged that the National Labor Relations Board was responsible for conflict between labour and industry, and called for new legislation limiting its power.

70 years ago
1945

Hit parade
U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Don't Fence Me In--Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters (7th week at #1)
--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
--Kate Smith
--Horace Heidt and his Musical Knights
2 Ac-Cent-Tchu-Ate the Positive--Johnny Mercer and the Pied Pipers with Paul Weston and His Orchestra
--Artie Shaw and his Orchestra
--Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters
3 Rum and Coca-Cola--The Andrews Sisters
4 There Goes that Song Again--Russ Morgan and his Orchestra
--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
--Kay Kyser and his Orchestra
5 I'm Making Believe--The Ink Spots and Ella Fitzgerald
6 I Dream of You (More than You Dream I Do)--Tommy Dorsey and his Orchestra
--Andy Russell
--Frank Sinatra
--Perry Como
7 Saturday Night (Is the Loneliest Night in the Week)--Frank Sinatra
--Sammy Kaye and his "Swing and Sway" Orchestra
8 Confessin' (That I Love You)--Ella Fitzgerald and the Song Spinners
--Perry Como
9 Evelina--Bing Crosby
10 I'm Beginning to See the Light--Harry James and his Orchestra
--Duke Ellington and his Famous Orchestra

The only single entering the chart was Ev'ry Time We Say Goodbye by the Benny Goodman Quintet (#28).

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on MBS
Tonight's episode: The Newmarket Killers

Died on this date
Antonio Villa-Real, 65. Filipino jurist. Mr. Villa-Real was an Associate Justice of the Philippine Supreme Cort from 1925-1940. He and his wife, along with 13 others, were murdered by Japanese soldiers who herded them into a room in a housing complex owned by Mr. Villa-Real, hurled a grenade into the room, and followed with gunfire.

Walraven van Hall, 39. Dutch banker. Mr. van Hall was known as the "Banker of the Dutch Resistance" for his efforts in financing resistance efforts against Nazi occupation in the Netherlands during World War II. He and other resistance leaders were captured on January 2, 1945, and Mr. van Hall was executed by the Nazis in Haarlem, two days after his 39th birthday, in reprisal for the death of a high-ranking police officer.

War
The Greek government reached an agreement with EAM-ELAS rebels calling for an end to hostilities there. Peru announced that it was in a "state of belligerency" with Germany and Japan. British units captured Cleve, and with Canadian forces, pushed south through Reichswald, while further south on the Siegfried Line, U.S. units held Pruem. Soviet forces reached the Bober River with a 16-mile advance in Silesia that included the occupation of Bunzlau. American armoured units in the Philippines split Luzon from coast to coast, reaching the east coast at Dingalan Bay.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt urged Congress to take prompt action on the Bretton Woods proposals, declaring that U.S. participation in a world fund and bank were essential to a peaceful and prosperous world.

The United States Commerce Department reported that personal income had reached a record high in 1944, totalling $157 billion.

Disasters
A tornado swept through Meridian, Mississippi eastward to Montgomery, Alabama, killing 43 people and causing heavy property damage.

60 years ago
1955

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Hold My Hand--Don Cornell; Nat "King" Cole (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): The Naughty Lady of Shady Lane--Dean Martin

#1 singles in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Sincerely--The McGuire Sisters (Best Seller--1st week at #1; Disc Jockey--1st week at #1); Hearts of Stone--The Fontane Sisters (Jukebox--1st week at #1)

U.S. top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Melody of Love--Billy Vaughn and his Orchestra (2nd week at #1)
--David Carroll and his Orchestra
--The Four Aces
2 Hearts of Stone--The Fontane Sisters
--The Charms
3 Sincerely--The McGuire Sisters
4 Ko Ko Mo (I Love You So)--Perry Como
--The Crew-Cuts
5 Mr. Sandman--The Chordettes
--The Four Aces
6 Earth Angel (Will You Be Mine)--The Penguins
--The Crew-Cuts
7 Let Me Go Lover--Joan Weber
8 Tweedlee Dee--Georgia Gibbs
--LaVern Baker and the Gliders
9 The Naughty Lady of Shady Lane--The Ames Brothers
--Archie Bleyer
10 (My Baby Don’t Love Me) No More--The DeJohn Sisters
--[The McGuire Sisters]

Singles entering the chart were Blue Mirage (Don’t Go), with versions by Ralph Marterie and his Orchestra and Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians (#21); Turn Right by Kay Starr (#23); Darling Je Vous Aime Beaucoup by Nat "King" Cole (#24); Rock Love by the Fontane Sisters (#26); Glad Rag Doll by Crazy Otto (#27); Ling, Ting, Tong by the Charms (#34, charting with the version by the Five Keys); Close Your Eyes by Tony Bennett (#35); and Darling! Darling! Darling! by Jo Stafford (#44).

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
Edmonton's Top 10 (CJCA)
1 This Diamond Ring--Gary Lewis and the Playboys (3rd week at #1)
2 Love Potion No. 9--The Searchers
3 Look of Love--Lesley Gore
4 Paper Tiger--Sue Thompson
5 King of the Road--Roger Miller
6 Downtown--Petula Clark
7 I Go to Pieces--Peter and Gordon
8 Little Things--Bobby Goldsboro
9 It's Alright--Adam Faith
10 The Jolly Green Giant--The Kingsmen
Pick hit of the week: Come Tomorrow--Manfred Mann
New this week: I Must Be Seeing Things--Gene Pitney
French 75--The Champs
Skinny Minnie--Jumpin' Gene Simmons
Put You Down--Tommy Graham
Bluebirds Over the Mountain--Ronnie Hawkins and the Hawks
Stranger in Town--Del Shannon

40 years ago
1975

At the movies
The Stepford Wives, starring Katharine Ross, Paula Prentiss, Peter Masterson, Nanette Newman, and Tina Louise, opened in theatres.





30 years ago
1985

Died on this date
Nicholas Colasanto, 61. U.S. actor. Mr. Colasanto was best known for playing the character of Coach Ernie Pantusso on the television comedy series Cheers (1982-1985).

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Kuchibiru Kara Biyaku--Shizuka Kudo (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Pump ab Das Bier--Werner Wichtig

Environment
Hundreds of families were evacuated from their homes in Hagersville, Ontario when a huge fire was started by boys at a gigantic tire dump. The Tyre King dump in southwestern Ontario contained 14 million tires stacked in a heap as high as a low-rise apartment building and covering an area the size of 18 football fields. Residents within a 3-kilometre radius were forced to leave their homes as clouds of smoke, laden with toxic chemicals, spewed from the blaze.

Politics and government
Quebec elected its first-ever New Democratic Party member of the Canadian House of Commons as consumer advocate Phil Edmonston won a federal by-election in the riding of Chambly. Mr. Edmonston, the overrated author of the Lemon-Aid automobile guides, scored a landslide victory over Liberal Clifford Lincoln, who had hoped to win the riding and then the party leadership. The by-election became necessary when Progressive Conservative MP Richard Grise, a typically crooked Quebec politician, admitted guilt to 11 counts of fraud and breach of trust involving public funds.

Carmen Lawrence took office as Premier of Western Australia, becoming the first female Premier in Australian history.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Tomorrow--Silverchair

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): Old Pop in an Oak--Rednex (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Cotton Eye Joe--Rednex (12th week at #1)

On television tonight
A Walton Wedding, on CBS

This was the fifth and last made-for-television movie to appear after the series The Waltons concluded its nine-year run in 1981.

Died on this date
Philip Taylor Kramer, 42. U.S. musician and engineer. Mr. Kramer played bass guitar with the rock group Iron Butterfly in the mid-1970s, and then became a computer engineer. He worked on the MX missile guidance system as a contractor with the U.S. Defense Department, and in 1990 co-founded Total Multimedia Inc. with Randy Jackson of the Jackson 5 singing group. The company was reorganized under bankruptcy in 1994 and put under new leadership; Mr. Kramer continued working there, but was reportedly greatly affected by the bankruptcy and organization. On February 12, 1995, he drove to Los Angeles International Airport to pick up a business associate, but while on the way to the airport, phoned his wife to say that his plans had changed and that the associate should go directly to a hotel, where Mr. Kramer and his wife would meet them later. Mr. Kramer spent 45 minutes at the airport and then left, making a number of cell phone calls, threatening to commit suicide, and, in reference to video evidence that he had been asked to analyze related to the murder charge against former football star O.J. Simpson, claiming that Mr. Simpson was innocent. Mr. Kramer was never seen alive again; his minivan and skeletal remains were found on May 29, 1999 at the bottom of Decker Canyon near Malibu, California. A forensic examination led authorities to conclude that Mr. Kramer had committed suicide on the day he was last heard from, but conspiracy theories abound.

Politics and government
Mexico's governing Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) suffered stunning defeats in the state of Jalisco, losing the governorship, state legislative majority, and mayoralties of large cities to the National Action Party. It was only the third time in 65 years in which the PRI had lost a gubernatorial election.

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Sammi Smith, 61. U.S. singer. Miss Smith was a popular country singer-songwriter in the 1970s, and part of the "outlaw" movement in country music with Willie Nelson and Waylon Jennings. She was best known for her version of the Kris Kristofferson song Help Me Make it Through the Night, which reached #1 on the Billboard country singles chart and #8 on the Hot 100 pop singles chart in 1971.

Rafael Vidal, 41. Venezuelan swimmer. Mr. Vidal won the bronze medal in the men's 200-metre butterfly event at the 1984 Summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles. He became a popular sportscaster in Caracas, but was killed when his car was hit by another vehicle that was involved in an illegal street race.

February 11, 2015

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Maria Nastas!

480 years ago
1535

Born on this date
Gregory XIV. Roman Catholic Pope, 1590-1591. Pope Gregory XIV, born Niccolٍ Sfondrato or Sfondrati, succeeded Urban VII on December 5, 1590. He intervened on the side of the Catholic party in the French Wars of Religion, and excommunicated King Henry IV of France as a heretic. Gregory XIV was in poor health when he assumed the papacy, and died from a large gallstone on October 16, 1591 at the age of 56. He was succeeded by Innocent IX.

230 years ago
1785

Music
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Piano Concerto No. 20 was given its premiere performance in Vienna.

225 years ago
1790

Society
The Religious Society of Friends, better known as Quakers, petitioned the United States Congress for the abolition of slavery.

220 years ago
1795

Died on this date
Carl Michael Bellman, 55. Swedish songwriter. Mr. Bellman was best known for two collections of poems set to music: Fredmans epistlar (Fredman's Epistles) (1790) and Fredmans sånger (Fredman's Songs) (1791). Mr. Bellman was a heavy drinker who suffered from gout and tuberculosis; he died in his sleep, a week after his 55th birthday.

175 years ago
1840

Opera
La fille du régiment (The Daughter of the Regiment) received its premiere performance by the Paris Opéra-Comique at the Salle de la Bourse in Paris.

160 years ago
1855

Africana
Kassa Hailu was crowned Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia, by Abuna Salama III in a ceremony at the church of Derasge Maryam.

120 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Clutha Mackenzie. N.Z. politician. Sir Clutha, the son of Prime Minister Thomas Mackenzie, fought in World War I, and was blinded at Gallipoli in 1915. As a member of the Reform Party, he represented Auckland East in the New Zealand Parliament (1921-1922), and spent the rest of his life in activities and organizations for the blind. Sir Clutha died on March 30, 1966 at the age of 71.

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
Pat Welsh. U.S. actress. Mrs. Welsh provided the voice of the title character in the movie E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial (1982). She died on January 26, 1995 at the age of 79.

90 years ago
1925

Died on this date
Aristide Bruant, 73. French entertainer. Mr. Bruant was a nightclub singer and comedian in Paris who was credited with creating the chanson réaliste genre of music, but was best known as the man in the red scarf and black cape featured on certain famous posters by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.

75 years ago
1940

Died on this date
John Buchan, Lord Tweedsmuir, 63. U.K. author and Governor General of Canada, 1935-1940. Mr. Buchan was known for novels such as Prester John (1910); The Thirty-Nine Steps (1915); and Greenmantle (1916). A Scottish nationalist, he represented the Unionist party in the House of Commons before being named to the House of Lords Baron Tweedsmuir of Elsfield prior to his appointment as Governor General of Canada. Lord Tweedsmuir became the first Governor General to visit the Arctic, and promoted the Canadian tour of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. He died five days after falling while suffering a stroke and suffering a severe head injury.

War
The Haiphong-Yunan railroad in China was closed for several months because of damage by Japanese bombing.

Politics and government
Dr. Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia, candidate of the Partido Republicano Nacional (National Republican Party) (PRN) was elected President of Costa Rica, receiving 84.5% of the vote against two opponents. In legislative elections, PRN candidates received 85% of the votes for 45 seats in the Constitutional Congress.

U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt upheld the right of the Communist-dominated American Youth Congress not to condemn the U.S.S.R. for its invasion of Finland.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Temporary National Economic Committee opened hearings on supposed monopolies in the insurance industry.

The United States Commerce Department reported that nine states maintained restrictive trade barriers against each other.

70 years ago
1945

Died on this date
Al Dubin, 53. Swiss-born U.S. songwriter. Mr. Dubin, with Joe Burke, co-wrote Tiptoe Through the Tulips with Me, one of the most popular songs of 1929. He then teamed up with Harry Warren, and the two wrote such songs as Shuffle Off to Buffalo; We're in the Money; I Only Have Eyes for You; and Lullaby of Broadway. Mr. Dubin was a heavy drinker, and died in hospital three days after collapsing on the street after overdosing on a prescription of barbiturates.

Diplomacy
The Yalta Conference of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, U.K. Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and U.S.S.R. dictator Josef Stalin concluded with a secret agreement on the future of Germany and Poland, and an agreement concerning the Soviet Union's entry into the war in the Pacific.

War
British troops entered Cleve, Germany on the northern end of the Siegfried Line. After a four-say offensive, Soviet troops in Germany moved 37 miles west of the Oder River along a 100-mile front, resulting in the virtual encirclement of Breslau.

Politics and government
A new government was formed in Belgium, with Socialist Achille van Acker as Prime Minister, and with participation by all four political parties.

Society
Publication of the newspaper The Flat Hat at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia was suspended because of an editorial by Marily Kaemmerle which suggested that the time would come for interracial education, social contacts, and marriage.

Economics and finance
The American Federation of Labor made public a housing program designed to provide 19 million post-war jobs through construction of 15 million homes in the 10 years after the end of World War II.

60 years ago
1955

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Mambo Italiano--Rosemary Clooney (3rd week at #1)

World events
The United States Navy completed evacuation of 14,500 civilians, 10,000 Nationalist Chinese troops, and 4,000 guerrillas from the Tachen Islands in the face of a threat from Communist Chinese forces.

Boxing
Harold Johnson (50-7) knocked out Paul Andrews (29-5) at 1:46 of the 6th round of a light heavyweight bout at Madison Square Garden in New York.



50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'--The Righteous Brothers (2nd week at #1)

40 years ago
1975

Died on this date
Richard Ratsimandrava, 43. President of Madagascar, 1975. Lieutenant-Colonel Ratsimandrava, the Minister of the Interior in the military government of President Gabriel Ramanantsoa, was assassinated while driving home from the presidential palace, just six days after ousting Major General Ramanantsoa as President. The new military ruling committee claimed that Col. Ratsimandrava had been killed by members of the Republican Security Forces (Groupe Mobile de Police-GMP), a counterinsurgency outfit dissolved by his predecessor.

Politics and government
Margaret Thatcher was chosen as leader of Britain's Conservative Party, replacing former Prime Minister Edward Heath and becoming the first woman to lead a political party in the U.K. She became leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition, as the Labour Party, led by Prime Minister Harold Wilson, was in power at the time.

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Tenshi no Wink--Seiko Matsuda

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): ¿Cómo Pudiste Hacerme Esto a Mí?--Alaska y Dinarama (5th week at #1)

Died on this date
Henry Hathaway, 86. U.S. film director. Mr. Hathaway directed such movies as The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (1935); The House on 92nd Street (1945); Kiss of Death (1947); Call Northside 777 (1948); North to Alaska (1960); The Sons of Katie Elder (1965); and True Grit (1969).

Scandal
Clive Ponting, assistant secretary to the British Minister of Defence, was acquitted of breaching section two of the Official Secrets Act at the Central Criminal Court in London. He had been charged with leaking two documents about the sinking of the Argentine cruiser General Belgrano in the 1982 Falklands War. He had sent information to the Labour MP for Linlithgow, Tam Dalyell, in July 1984, but the jury found this did not entail "communicating information to an unauthorised person," which was illegal.

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Welcome to Our World--John Grenell

#1 single in Switzerland: Girl I'm Gonna Miss You--Milli Vanilli

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 All Around the World--Lisa Stansfield (6th week at #1)
2 Bakerman--Laid Back
3 Another Day in Paradise--Phil Collins
4 Sit and Wait--Sydney Youngblood
5 Don't Know Much--Linda Ronstadt (featuring Aaron Neville)
6 Leave a Light On--Belinda Carlisle
7 I Feel the Earth Move--Martika
8 Girl I'm Gonna Miss You--Milli Vanilli
9 Listen to Your Heart--Roxette
10 The Road to Hell (Part 2)--Chris Rea

The only single entering the chart was All or Nothing by Milli Vanilli (#14).

World events
South African anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela, 71, was released from prison. In his first speech, in Cape Town, he urged that pressure be kept on the white government until the apartheid system of racial segregation was destroyed.

Boxing
In one of the greatest upsets in history, James "Buster" Douglas (30-4-1) came back from an 8th-round knockdown to knock out Mike Tyson (37-1) at 1:22 of the 10th round of their fight at the Tokyo Dome to win the world heavyweight title. Mr. Tyson had been such a prohibitive favourite that the only betting establishment in Las Vegas willing to provide a line laid odds of 42-1.



20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Another Night--Real McCoy

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Stay Another Day--East 17

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Zombie--The Cranberries (5th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Short Dick Man--Fingers featuring Gillette

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): No Limit--Irene Moors & de Smurfen (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Think Twice--Celine Dion (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Creep--TLC (3rd week at #1)
2 On Bended Knee--Boyz II Men
3 Another Night--Real McCoy
4 Take a Bow--Madonna
5 Baby--Brandy
6 You Gotta Be--Des'ree
7 Always--Bon Jovi
8 Sukiyaki--4 P.M.
9 Before I Let You Go--BLACKstreet
10 I'm the Only One--Melissa Etheridge

Singles entering the chart were Freak Like Me by Adina Howard (#54); Sour Times (Nobody Loves Me) by Portishead (#62); Dream About You/Funky Melody by Stevie B (#76); Rodeo by 95 South (#89); Where I Wanna Be Boy by Miss Jones (#90); and Move it Like This by K7 (#92).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 On Bended Knee--Boyz II Men (11th week at #1)
2 Creep--TLC
3 Take a Bow--Madonna
4 Another Night--Real McCoy
5 You Gotta Be--Des'ree
6 Always--Bon Jovi
7 Hold My Hand--Hootie & the Blowfish
8 Sukiyaki--4 P.M.
9 Every Day of the Week--Jade
10 Here Comes the Hotstepper--Ini Kamoze

Singles entering the chart were Everlasting Love by Gloria Estefan (#62); Get Down by Craig Mack (#70); Whutcha Want? by Nine (#73); Cocktales by Too Short (#75); and Dreamer by Livin' Joy (#84).

Space
U.S. space shuttle mission STS-63 concluded as the six-member crew departed the Russian space station Mir, and the space shuttle Discovery landed at Kennedy Shuttle Landing Facility in Cape Canaveral, Florida.

Hockey
NHL
Los Angeles 5 @ Toronto 2

February 10, 2015

175 years ago
1840

Married on this date
Queen Victoria of Great Britain married Prince Albert of Saxe Coburg-Gotha at the Chapel Royal at St. James's Palace in London.

125 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Boris Pasternak. Russian author and poet. Mr. Pasternak was best known for his novel Doctor Zhivago (1957) and his collection of poems, My Sister, Life (1917). Doctor Zhivago was smuggled out of the Soviet Union and first published in Milan in an Italian translation in 1957, and Mr. Pasternak was awarded the 1958 Nobel Prize in Literature in 1958 "for his important achievement both in contemporary lyrical poetry and in the field of the great Russian epic tradition." Mr. Pasternak was denounced by U.S.S.R. authorities and threatened with deportation, but the Soviet authorities backed off in the face of international criticism. Mr. Pasternak died on May 30, 1960 at the age of 70.

80 years ago
1935

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Louis Hector and Leigh Lovell, on NBC

75 years ago
1940

At the movies
Puss Gets the Boot, the first Tom and Jerry cartoon, opened in theatres (see here, here, and here).

Diplomacy
U.S. Ambassador to France William Bullitt arrived in Baltimore on his way to Washington to discuss the European war situation with U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

The World Jewish Congress convened in Washington.

Politics and government
The French Chamber of Deputies backed the government's conduct of the war against Germany.

New Zealand Labour Minister P.C. Webb was appointed Minister of Manpower to organize the entire national service.

U.S. Postmaster General James Farley announced that he was a candidate for the Democratic Party nomination for President of the United States in the November 1940 election.

Economics and finance
U.S. Senator Arthur Vandenberg (Republican--Michigan) called for an end to reciprocal trade agreements because they were detrimental to farmers.

Labour
United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis proposed a labour peace in which the Congress of Industrial Organizations would join the American Federation of Labor.

70 years ago
1945

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Don't Fence Me In--Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters with Vic Schoen and his Orchestra (Best Seller--8th week at #1; Airplay--3rd week at #1); Rum and Coca-Cola--The Andrews Sisters with Vic Schoen and his Orchestra (Best Seller--1st week at #1; Juke Box--1st week at #1)

Died on this date
Anacleto Díaz, 66. Filipino jurist. Mr. Díaz was an Associate Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court from 1933-1941. He and his sons were among 300 men herded by Japanese soldiers into a corner in Manila and massacred by machine gun-fire.

Theatre
The plays Carmen Jones and One Touch of Venus closed on Broadway in New York City.

War
After German forces blasted open the flood gates of the main Roer River dam at Schwammenauel, Americans took control of it. Soviet forces captured the East Prussian port of Elbing.

Defense
Poles in London presented a list of 29 proposals to the U.S.A. and U.K. for amending the Dumbarton Oaks world security program, including the denial of veto rights in aggression cases and enlargement of the security council to 15 members.

Economics and finance
U.S. government officials warned that meat may virtually disappear from civilian markets by mid-summer of 1945.

U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's special assistant Samual Rosenman arrived in London with his advisers to study the economic problems of the liberated countries and the occupation of Germany.

Disasters
An earthquake described as "fairly severe" struck the main Japanese island of Honshu. Among the cities affected were Tokyo and Yokohama. Damage was not reported, but American sources estimated that it was extensive.

60 years ago
1955

At the movies
Before I Wake, directed by Albert S. Rogell, and starring Mona Freeman, Jean Kent, and Maxwell Reed, opened in theatres in London. It was released in the U.S.A. in 1956 under the title Shadow of Fear.



Theatre
The Desperate Hours by Joseph Hayes, which had originally played at the Shubert Theatre in New Haven Connecticut, opened at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre on Broadway in New York. It starred Karl Malden, Paul Newman, George Grizzard, James Gregory, Nancy Coleman, and Malcolm Brodrick.

World events
The United States Navy began evacuation of 14,500 civilians, 10,000 Nationalist Chinese troops, and 4,000 guerrillas from the Tachen Islands in the face of a threat from Communist Chinese forces.

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): My Little Angel--William Shakespeare (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Shitetsu Ensen--Goro Noguchi

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Todo El Tiempo Del Mundo--Manolo Otero (8th week at #1)

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid (4th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): When the Rain Begins to Fall--Pia Zadora and Jermaine Jackson (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: One Night in Bangkok--Murray Head (4th week at #1)

On the radio
The Stories of Sherlock Holmes, starring Graham Armitage and Kerry Jordan, on Springbok Radio
Tonight's episode: The Rayner Road Case

On television tonight
Surviving, on ABC

Surviving was a made-for-television movie about teenage suicide. The cast included Molly Ringwald; Zach Galligan; Ellen Burstyn; Len Cariou; Paul Sorvino; Marsha Mason; Heather O'Rourke; River Phoenix; and William Windom. Although Miss Ringwald and Mr. Galligan played the teenagers who died, in real life it was Miss O'Rourke (in 1988, at age 12) and Mr. Phoenix (in 1993 at age 23) who died young.





Died on this date
Johnny Mokan, 89. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Mokan was an outfielder with the Pittsburgh Pirates (1921-1922) and Philadelphia Phillies (1922-1927). He batted .291 with 32 home runs and 273 runs batted in in 582 games. Mr. Mokan's best season was 1923, when he batted .312 with 10 homers and 76 RBIs.

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 3 Montreal 2 (OT)

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): Love Shack--The B-52's (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Un' Estate Italiana--Edoardo Bennato; Gianna Nannini

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Pump Up the Jam--Technotronic (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Daar Gaat Ze--Clouseau

#1 single in France (SNEP): Les Valses de Vienne--François Feldman (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): Nothing Compares 2 U--Sinéad O'Connor (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Me So Horny--The 2 Live Crew (2nd week at #1)
2 Got to Get--Rob 'n' Raz featuring Leila K
3 Get a Life--Soul II Soul
4 Get Into It--Tony Scott
5 Words--The Christians
6 Get Up! (Before the Night is Over)--Technotronic
7 Nothing Compares 2 U--Sinéad O'Connor
8 I Wish it Would Rain Down--Phil Collins
9 Whatcha' Gonna Do with My Lovin'--Inner City
10 In Private--Dusty Springfield

Singles entering the chart were King Kong Five by Mano Negra (#27); Wij Doen Zelf Straks Het Licht Wel Uit by Sus-5 (#32); Welcome to the Terror Dome by Public Enemy (#33); Spin That Wheel by Hi Tek 3 featuring Ya Kid K (#35); Look Away by Chicago (#36); and We Almost Got it Together by Tanita Tikaram (#37).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Opposites Attract--Paula Abdul (Duet with the Wild Pair)
2 Two to Make it Right--Seduction
3 Downtown Train--Rod Stewart
4 Janie's Got a Gun--Aerosmith
5 How am I Supposed to Live Without You--Michael Bolton
6 What Kind of Man Would I Be?--Chicago
7 Dangerous--Roxette
8 I Remember You--Skid Row
9 Escapade--Janet Jackson
10 All or Nothing--Milli Vanilli

Singles entering the chart were All My Life by Linda Ronstadt (featuring Aaron Neville (#47); Don't Wanna Fall in Love by Jane Child (#75); Almost Hear You Sigh by the Rolling Stones (#84); Heart of Stone by Cher (#92); I Wanna Be Rich by Calloway (#93); and You're the Voice by John Farnham (#97).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Opposites Attract--Paula Abdul (Duet with the Wild Pair)
2 How am I Supposed to Live Without You--Michael Bolton
3 Downtown Train--Rod Stewart
4 Two to Make it Right--Seduction
5 Janie's Got a Gun--Aerosmith
6 Free Fallin'--Tom Petty
7 I Remember You--Skid Row
8 Just Between You and Me--Lou Gramm
9 Pump Up the Jam--Technotronic featuring Felly
10 Everything--Jody Watley

Singles entering the chart were Love Me for Life by Stevie B (#70); I Wish it Would Rain Down by Phil Collins (#72); Almost Hear You Sigh by the Rolling Stones (#78); I Wanna Be Rich by Calloway (#81); That's What I Like by Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers (#82); 1-2-3 by the Chimes (#86); Don't Wanna Fall in Love by Jane Child (#87); and You're the Only Woman by Brat Pack (#89).

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 Downtown Train--Rod Stewart
2 Just Between You and Me--Lou Gramm
3 Another Day in Paradise--Phil Collins
4 Janie's Got a Gun--Aerosmith
5 Free Fallin'--Tom Petty
6 Pump Up the Jam--Technotronic featuring Felly
7 Peace in Our Time--Eddie Money
8 How am I Supposed to Live Without You--Michael Bolton
9 What Kind of Man Would I Be?--Chicago
10 Opposites Attract--Paula Abdul (Duet with the Wild Pair)

Singles entering the chart were Lover of Mine by Alannah Myles (#79); Summer Rain by Belinda Carlisle (#80); Personal Jesus by Depeche Mode (#83); Keep it Together by Madonna (#85); Here and Now by Luther Vandross (#87); Figure of Eight by Paul McCartney (#90); and The Last Thing by Cutting Crew (#93).

Diplomacy
West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl met with U.S.S.R. President Mikhail Gorbachev met in Moscow. Afterward, Mr. Kohl said that Soviet leaders supported "the right of the German people alone" to choose their form of relationship.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Tears Don't Lie--Mark 'Oh

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Think Twice--Celine Dion (4th week at #1)

Died on this date
Arthur Miller, 89. U.S. playwright. Mr. Miller was best known for the plays All My Sons (1947); Death of a Salesman (1949); and The Crucible (1953). He was married to actress Marilyn Monroe from 1956-1960, and wrote the screenplay for The Misfits (1961), Miss Monroe's last completed film. Mr. Miller's marriage to Miss Monroe served as the basis for his play After the Fall (1964), which, with Incident at Vichy (1964) and other later works, failed to capture the acclaim of his earlier works.

Britannica
Clarence House announced that Prince Charles would marry his long-time lover Camilla Parker Bowles.

Defense
North Korea boasted publicly for the first time that it possessed nuclear weapons.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that prices charged by producers for finished goods had risen 0.3% in January.

February 9, 2015

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Heather Blacklock!

375 years ago
1640

Died on this date
Murad IV, 27. Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, 1623-1640. Murad IV was brought to power by a palace conspiracy in 1623, succeeding his uncle Mustafa I at the age of 11. Sultan Murad began exercising power when he was a teenager, and became an absolute monarch, executing four of his brothers and his brother-in-law, and widely using execution as punishment. Almost all of Muriad IV's reign was taken up by the Ottoman–Safavid War (1623–39), which finally resulted in an Ottoman victory, recapturing Baghad and most of what is now Iraq. Sultan Murad IV died of cirrhosis of the liver, and was succeeded by his brother Ibrahim.

190 years ago
1825

Politics and government
John Quincy Adams was elected President of the United States by the House of Representatives. Four different candidates from the Democratic-Republican Party had contested the election, with the popular vote taking place from October 26-December 2, 1824. Andrew Jackson led with 99 electoral votes (41.4% of the popular vote), followed by John Quincy Adams (84 electoral votes, 30.9% of the popular vote); William H. Crawford (41 electoral votes, 11.2% of the popular vote); and Henry Clay (37 electoral votes, 13.0% of the popular vote). 131 electoral votes were requird for victory, so according to provisions of the 12th Amendment to the United States Constitution, the election was to be decided by the House of Representatives, with only the top three candidates in the electoral vote count qualifying. The result in the House was determined according to the number of states voting in favour of each candidate, not on a total vote of the members. Mr. Adams won on the first ballot, capturing the support of Congressmen from 13 states, to 7 states for Mr. Jackson and 4 for Mr. Crawford. Mr. Adams recieved 87 votes (41%); Mr. Jackson 71 (33%); and Mr. Crawford 54 (25%). John C. Calhoun had already received a majority of electoral votes for Vice President, having been on the ticket of both Mr. Adams and Mr. Jackson.

150 years ago
1865

Born on this date
Wilson Bentley. U.S. meteorologist and photographer. "Snowflake" Bentley, a lifelong resident of Jericho, Vermont, was the first known person to take detailed photographs of snowflakes and record their features, catching flakes on black velvet in such a way that their images could be captured before they either melted or sublimated. He took the first of more than 5,000 photos of snowflakes in 1885. Mr. Bentley died of pneumonia on December 23, 1931 at the age of 66.

120 years ago
1895

Born on this date
Wally Hood. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Hood was an outfielder with the Pittsburgh Pirates (1920, 1921-1922) and Brooklyn Robins (1920), batting .238 with 1 home run and 5 runs batted in in 67 games. He played more than 1,600 games in 13 seasons in the minor leagues (1916-1930), mostly in the Pacific Coast League. Mr. Wood batted over .300 for six straight seasons in the PCL (1920, 1922-1926), and umpired in the league from 1935-1943. He died of an apparent heart attack on May 2, 1965 at the age of 70, and was inducted into the Pacific Coast League Hall of Fame in 2014.

Abominations
Under the pseudonym "Marichette," Memramcook, New Brunswick school teacher Émilie LeBlanc Carrier wrote her first letter to the newspaper L'Évangeline, demanding the right to vote for women.

Sport
In Holyoke, Massachusetts, William G. Morgan created a game called Mintonette, soon to be known as volleyball.

75 years ago
1940

Died on this date
William Dodd, 70. U.S. historian and diplomat. Mr. Dodd, a native of North Carolina, spent most of his academic career at the University of Chicago, where he taught and wrote about the American South. A liberal Democrat, he was appointed U.S. Ambassador to Germany by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, serving from 1933-1937. Mr. Todd took up his position seven months after Adolf Hitler had taken office as Chancellor of Germany, and thus was a witness to the early years of the Nazi regime. Mr. Dodd's attitude toward the Nazis became increasingly negative, but he became the subject of criticism by some American politicians and his health declined, so he left Germany in the last few days of 1937.

War
Chinese sources claimed that Japanese forces had failed to encircle and force the surrender of Chinese troops in the Nanning sector of China.

Diplomacy
Japanese Foreign Affairs Minister Hachirō Arita claimed that the Anti-Comintern Pact had lost its vitality because of the 1939 Soviet-German non-aggression pact.

U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt directed Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles to visit Italy, France, Germany, and Britain for the purpose of assessing the present state of the European war and prospects for peace.

Politics and government
U.S. Vice President John Nance "Cactus Jack" Garner and New York Mayor Fiorello La Guardia entered the Democratic and Republican primaries, respectively, in Illinois for the 1940 campaign for President of the United States.

The United States Senate approved the assignment of isolationist Senator Gerald Nye (Republican--North Dakota) to the Foreign Relations Committee.

Labour
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt charged that United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis had refused to resume peace talks with American Federation of Labor President William Green.

Boxing
Joe Louis (41-1) retained his world heavyweight title with a 15-round split decision over Arturo Godoy (52-10-7) at Madison Square Garden in New York.



70 years ago
1945

Abominations
The day after Norwegian Sikkerhetspolitiet (Secret Police) chief Karl Marthinsen had been assassinated by the Norwegian resistance group Milorg as part of Operation Buzzard, 34 Norwegians were executed in reprisal on the order of Reichskommissar Josef Terboven.

War
The Canadian drive on the Siegfried Line overran six villages and spread out along a 10-mile front. The British submarine HMS Venturer sank the German sub U-864 off the coast of Fedje, Norway in a rare instance of submarine-to-submarine combat. A force of Allied Bristol Beaufighter aircraft unsuccessfully attacked the German destroyer Z33 in Førdefjorden, Norway, suffering heavy casualties. With the capture of Brallentin, the Soviet Red Army moved to within 29 miles of Stettin on the Baltic Sea. In fierce fighting, Japanese forces offered bitter resistance to U.S. forces in southern Manila.

Protest
Three days of rioting in Cairo for food and clothing subsided after one student was killed.

Politics and government
The U.S. House of Representatives Rules Committee adjourned without approving submission to the House of the Senate-passed George bill, separating lending agencies from the Commerce Department. The adjournment also delayed the vote on former Vice President Henry Wallace as Secretary of Commerce.

Business
Without explanation, the U.S. Army released control of two Montgomery Ward and Company properties in Chicago. On December 28, 1944, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt had ordered the Army to seize the executive offices and other facilities of Montgomery Ward in Chicago and Detroit for refusing to obey National War Labor Board orders. On January 27, 1945, U.S. Federal Judge Philip Sullivan ruled in Chicago that the Army's seizure of seven properties in seven localities was illegal.

Economics and finance
The American & Foreign Power Company announced an agreement with Chile for the latter's purchase of properties in Santiago, Valparaiso, and San Bernardo.

60 years ago
1955

On television tonight
Kraft Television Theatre, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Patterns, starring Richard Kiley, Everett Sloane, and Ed Begley

This was a live repeat performance (see video) of the play that had originally been broadcast live on January 12, 1955. The reviews had been so enthusiastic that New York Times television critic Jack Gould had urged a repeat performance--something that had never previously occurred in the history of television drama. It was the first teleplay by Rod Serling to become a hit, and earned him his first Emmy Award.



50 years ago
1965

On television tonight
The Fugitive, starring David Janssen, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Corner of Hell, with guest stars R.G. Armstrong, Bruce Dern, Sharon Farrell, and Sandy Kenyon

War
The first United States troops with a combat mission, a Marine Corps Hawk air defense missile battalion, were sent to South Vietnam.

Protest
Vietnamese, Chinese, and other demonstrators attacked the United States embassy in Moscow.

40 years ago
1975

Space
The Soyuz 17 crew of Commander Aleksei Gubarev and Flight Engineer Georgi Grechko returned to Eartth from the Salyut 4 space station, setting a Soviet space endurance record of 29 days, six days longer than the record set by Soyuz 11 in 1971.

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): One Night in Bangkok--Murray Head (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Easy Lover--Philip Bailey (with Phil Collins) (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): I Know Him So Well--Elaine Paige and Barbara Dickson

#1 single in the U.K.: I Know Him So Well--Elaine Paige and Barbara Dickson

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Easy Lover--Philip Bailey (with Phil Collins)
2 I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner
3 Careless Whisper--Wham! featuring George Michael
4 You're the Inspiration--Chicago
5 Like a Virgin--Madonna
6 All I Need--Jack Wagner
7 The Boys of Summer--Don Henley
8 Loverboy--Billy Ocean
9 Run to You--Bryan Adams
10 California Girls--David Lee Roth

Singles entering the chart were Just Another Night by Mick Jagger (#30); One More Night by Phil Collins (#40); Material Girl by Madonna (#42); and Take Me with U by Prince and the Revolution (with Apollonia) (#60). Take Me with U was from the movie Purple Rain (1984).

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 Easy Lover--Philip Bailey (with Phil Collins)
2 Careless Whisper--Wham! featuring George Michael
3 All I Need--Jack Wagner
4 I Want to Know What Love Is--Foreigner
5 You're the Inspiration--Chicago
6 Neutron Dance--Pointer Sisters
7 Like a Virgin--Madonna
8 Run to You--Bryan Adams
9 Do They Know it's Christmas?--Band Aid
10 Smalltown Boy--Bronski Beat

Singles entering the chart were One More Night by Phil Collins (#72); Save a Prayer by Duran Duran (#74); Invisible by Alison Moyet (#81); Shout by Tears for Fears (#93); Lamp at Midnight by Corey Hart (#95); and Mr. Telephone Man by New Edition (#96).

Hockey
NHL
Toronto 6 Montreal 2

25 years ago
1990

Scandal
Former U.S. President Ronald Reagan agreed to give videotaped testimony for use in the trial of John Poindexter, his former national security adviser, who was on trial for his role in the Iran-Contra arms-for-hostages deal.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that producer prices for finished goods had risen 1.8% in January, the largest monthly increase since November 1974. The sharp rise was primarily the result of a jump in heating oil prices during very cold weather.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Don't You Know--Pandora

Died on this date
J. William Fulbright, 89. U.S. politician. Mr. Fulbright, a Democrat, represented Arkansas in the United States House of Representatives from 1943-1945 and in the Senate from 1945-1974. He was chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations from 1945-1974. His opposition to the Vietnam War led President Lyndon Johnson to refer to Sen. Fulbright as "half-bright."

David Wayne, 81. U.S. actor. Mr. Wayne, born Wayne McMeekan, had a lengthy career as a star on stage and as a supporting player in movies and television. He won two Tony Awards: Best Featured Actor in a Musical (Finian's Rainbow, 1947) and Best Actor in a Play (The Teahouse of the August Moon, 1954).

Space
Michael Foale, a native of Lancashire, England, became the first British-born American to walk in space, while Dr. Bernard Harris became the first Negro to walk in space as part of the U.S. space shuttle mission STS-63.

War
Mexican President Ernest Zedillo Ponce de Leon ordered the army to take the offensive and capture Subcommandante Marcos and other leaders of the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN), which had launched an uprising in the state of Chiapas in 1994.

Terrorism
Ramzi Yousef, the alleged mastermind behind the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center in New York City, pled not guilty to 11 counts in connection with the bombing, which killed 6 people and injured more than 1,000. Mr. Yousef, who had flown from New York to Pakistan hours after the bombing, was arrested on February 7 and flown back to New York the next day.

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Robert Kearns, 77. U.S. inventor. Mr. Kearns invented the intermittent windshield wiper system used on most automobiles since 1969. He failed to interest major American auto manufacturers in his system, which he had patented in 1964, but when Ford and Chrysler began installng intermittent wipers on their vehicles, Mr. Kearns took legal action, achieving a settlement with Ford Motor Company and winning a trial against Chrysler Corporation.

Tyrone Davis, 66. U.S. singer. Mr. Davis, born Tyrone Felton, was a soul singer who had a string of hit singles on the rhythm and blues charts from 1968-1988. His biggest hits were Can I Change My Mind (1968-1969); Turn Back the Hands of Time (1970); and Turning Point (1975), all of which reached #1 on the Billboard R&B chart. Mr. Davis died five months after suffering a stroke.

February 8, 2015

750 years ago
1265

Died on this date
Hulagu Khan, 46. Ilkhan Emperor of Mongolia, 1256-1265. Hulagu Khan was a grandson of Genghis Khan, son of Tolui Khan, and brother of Kublai Khan. Hulagu laid siege to Baghdad in 1258, and conquered Syria in 1260. He was succeeded as Emperor by his son Abaqa Khan.

425 years ago
1590

World events
Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva, Spanish colonial Governor of Nuevo Reino de León who was accused of several offenses, was tortured by the Inquisition in Mexico City. He was convicted 16 days later in an auto-da fe of concealing that his relatives secretly practiced Judaism, and sentenced to six years in exile. Admiral Carvajal died in the jail of the court on February 13, 1591.

325 years ago
1690

War
During King William's War, the Comte de Frontenac organized a surprise attack by Canadien troops and Indians--mostly Ojibwe and Algonquin warriors--against Schenectady, New York. 62 people--11 of them African slaves--were killed and 27 captured, including 5 African slaves. The raid was in retaliation for the August 5, 1689 raid by Mohawk warriors on Lachine, New France.

160 years ago
1855

Oddities
Sets of hoof marks popularly known as "The Devil's Footprints" reportedly appeared in snow around the Exe Estuary in East Devon and South Devon, England.

150 years ago
1865

Law
Delaware voters rejected the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, and voted to continue the practice of slavery. Delaware finally ratified the amendment on February 12, 1901.

130 years ago
1885

Society
Hawaii admitted its first government-approved Japanese immigrants.

125 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Ray Bates. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Bates was a third baseman with the Cleveland Naps (1913) and Philadelphia Athletics (1917), batting .233 with 2 home runs and 70 runs batted in in 154 games. He played at least 950 games in at least 9 seasons in the minor leagues (1911-1923), hitting at least 30 homers, playing first base in his later years. Mr. Bates died on August 15, 1970 at the age of 80.

110 years ago
1905

Politics and government
James Pliny Whitney took office as Premier of Ontario, leading the province's first Conservative government since 1872.

100 years ago
1915

At the movies
The Birth of a Nation, the longest and most expensive film yet made in the United States, received its premiere screening at Clune Auditorium in Los Angeles.



Died on this date
François Langelier, 76. Canadian politician. Sir François held offices in municipal, provincial, and federal politics before serving as Lieutenant Governor of Quebec from 1911 until his death.

75 years ago
1940

War
Soviet forces reported the capture of 13 forts on the Mannerheim Line in Finland.

Diplomacy
The League of Nations meeting at The Hague announced that a 32-member committee on economic and social problems would be created.

The Pan-American Neutrality Committee resolved that submarines of belligerents should be barred from neutral ports.

Politics and government
Chilean President Pedro Aguire Corda announced his new cabinet, which continued as a Popular Front coalition.

Delegates supporting a third term for Franklin D. Roosevelt as President of the United States filed for the Wisconsin Democratic Party primary race.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt met the heads of the State, War, and Navy Departments to discuss supplying raw materials to European nations.

The U.S. Senate Banking Committee approved President Franklin D. Roosevelt's nomination of Marriner Eccles and Chester Davis to the Federal Reserve Board.

Business
Despite a 54-day strike, Chrysler Corporation announced a doubling of profits for 1939 to $36, 879,829, or $8.47 per share.

Olympics
Werner Klingsberg of Germany was elected secretary-general of the International Olympic Committee at Lausanne, Switzerland.

70 years ago
1945

Died on this date
Karl Marthinsen, 48. Norwegian bureaucrat. Mr. Marthinsen joined the Nasjonal Samling (Norwegian Fascist Party) in 1933, and was put in command of the National Mobile Police Service--later renamed Sikkerhetspolitiet (Secret Police). He was assassinated by the Norwegian resistance group Milorg as part of Operation Buzzard, acting on orders from the government in exile.

War
The First Canadian Army attacked German positions in the Reichswald as part of Allied offensive into Germany, west of the Rhine River, north of the Ruhr Valley. British and Canadian troops in the Netherlands opened an offensive against the northern end of the Siegfried Line south of Nijmegen. Russian forces took Berstein and Reetz in their drive on Stettin on the Baltic Sea.

Politics and government
Prime Minister Pieter Gerbrandy of the Netherlands government-in-exile and his cabinet resigned.

Connecticut Governor Raymond Baldwin named U.S. Navy Admiral Thomas Hart (Republican) to fill the unexpired Senate term of the late Francis Maloney (Democrat).

Diplomacy
New York Governor Thomas Dewey urged a strong role for the United States in world affairs and backed Sen. Arthur Vandenberg's demand for an immediate Allied pact on postwar treatment of the Axis.

Economics and finance
The U.S. State Department completed a Lend-Lease and reciprocal trade agreement with Jean Monnet of France.

The first private loan to be made by New York banks to a foreign country outside of Lend-Lease--for $100 million--was made to the Netherlands by a group of 14 banks headed by Chase Manhattan.

Football
AAFC
U.S. Army Lieutenant Paul Brown was signed to a five-year contract, effective upon leaving the Army, as the coach of the newly-proposed Cleveland team in the All-America Football Conference.

60 years ago
1955

On the radio
Lux Radio Theatre, on CBS

Tonight's episode: The War of the Worlds, starring Dana Andrews, Pat Crowley, and William Conrad

Listeners may want to compare this version of H.G. Wells' novel to the famous broadcast on the Mercury Theater on the Air of October 30, 1938, starring Orson Welles.

Politics and government
Georgy Malenkov was removed from office as Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Premier) of the Soviet Union, a position he had held since the death of Josef Stalin in March 1953. Mr. Malenkov was involved in a power struggle with Communist Party First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev, and was replaced as Premier by Nikolai Bulganin. Mr. Malenkov remained a member of the Presidium, and the next day was demoted to Deputy Premier.



Law
The Government of the Pakistani province of Sindh abolished the Jagirdari (feudal) system of land ownership. One million acres (4000 square kilometres) of land thus acquired was to be distributed among the landless peasants.

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): A Hard Day's Night--The Beatles

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): The Hucklebuck--Brendan Bowyer (4th week at #1)

On television tonight
The Alfred Hitchcock Hour, on NBC
Tonight's episode: One of the Family, starring Lilia Skala, Jeremy Slate, Kathryn Hays, and Olive Deering

Died on this date
Wayne Estes, 21. U.S. basketball player. Mr. Estes was a forward with the Utah State University Aggies from 1963-1965, and was second in the nation in scoring in his second season. He had just scored 48 points in a home game against the University of Denver to reach 2,001 points in his Utah State career. After the game, Mr. Estes and some friends stopped near the scene of a car accident near the campus. While on his way to get a closer look, Mr. Estes accidentally brushed against a downed power line and was electrocuted. He was certain to have been a high draft choice in the National Basketball Association in 1965, and the Los Angeles Lakers intended to draft him in the first round.

Music
The single Stop! In the Name of Love/I'm in Love Again by the Supremes was released on the Tamla label.

Disasters
Eastern Air Lines Flight 663, a DC-7 bound from Boston to Atlanta with serveral stops on the way, crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near Jones Beach State Park, New York, just after taking off from John F. Kennedy Airport, and exploded, killing all 79 passengers and 5 crew members aboard.

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Un corpo e un'anima--Wess & Dori Ghezzi (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (Veronica Top 40): Voulez-vous coucher avec moi ce soir (Lady Marmalade)--Labelle (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K.: January--Pilot (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Fire--Ohio Players

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
2 You're No Good--Linda Ronstadt
3 Fire--Ohio Players
4 Pick Up the Pieces--Average White Band
5 Best of My Love--The Eagles
6 Laughter in the Rain--Neil Sedaka
7 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
8 Some Kind of Wonderful--Grand Funk
9 Black Water--The Doobie Brothers
10 Doctor's Orders--Carol Douglas

Singles entering the chart were No No Song by Ringo Starr (#76); Once You Get Started by Rufus featuring Chaka Khan (#88); Dance the Kung Fu by Carl Douglas (#89); The Bertha Butt Boogie (Part 1) by the Jimmy Castor Bunch (#90); Shoeshine Boy by Eddie Kendricks (#93); Jackie Blue by the Ozark Mountain Daredevils (#95); Walking in Rhythm by the Blackbyrds (#96); Wolf Creek Pass by C.W. McCall (#97); Love Corporation by the Hues Corporation (#99); and Shining Star by Earth, Wind & Fire (#100).

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
2 Mandy--Barry Manilow
3 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
4 Doctor's Orders--Carol Douglas
5 Bungle in the Jungle--Jethro Tull
6 Some Kind of Wonderful--Grand Funk
7 Never Can Say Goodbye--Gloria Gaynor
8 Get Dancin'--Diso Tex and the Sex-O-Lettes
9 Morning Side of the Mountain--Donny and Marie Osmond
10 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder

Singles entering the chart were Have You Never Been Mellow by Olivia Newton-John (#88); Never Let Her Go by David Gates (#90); Up in a Puff of Smoke by Polly Brown (#92); She's My Lady by Jayson Hoover (#93); You are So Beautiful by Joe Cocker (#95); Poetry Man by Phoebe Snow (#96); Tied On by Alan Gerber (#99); and Pledging My Love by Tom Jones (#100).

Winnipeg's Top 30 (CFRW)
1 Mandy--Barry Manilow (2nd week at #1)
2 Changes--David Bowie
3 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
4 Morning Side of the Mountain--Donny and Marie Osmond
5 Dream On--The Righteous Brothers
6 Bungle in the Jungle--Jethro Tull
7 Some Kind of Wonderful--Grand Funk
8 Junior's Farm--Paul McCartney & Wings
9 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
10 You're the First, the Last, My Everything--Barry White
11 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
12 Never Can Say Goodbye--Gloria Gaynor
13 You're No Good--Linda Ronstadt
14 Doctor's Orders--Carol Douglas
15 Lonely People--America
16 Only You--Ringo Starr
17 Have You Never Been Mellow--Olivia Newton-John
18 Black Water--The Doobie Brothers
19 Kung Fu Fighting--Carl Douglas
20 Roll on Down the Highway--Bachman-Turner Overdrive
21 Get Dancin'--Disco Tex and the Sex-O-Lettes
22 You Beat Me to the Punch--Charity Brown
23 Lady--Styx
24 Sally G--Paul McCartney & Wings
25 Best of My Love--The Eagles
26 One Man Woman/One Woman Man--Paul Anka with Odia Coates
27 California Jam--Klaatu
28 Pick Up the Pieces--AWB
29 Laughter in the Rain--Neil Sedaka
30 Mother Earth--Ian Thomas

Winnipeg's Top 30 (CKRC)
1 Mandy--Barry Manilow (4th week at #1)
2 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters
3 Morning Side of the Mountain--Donny and Marie Osmond
4 Bungle in the Jungle--Jethro Tull
5 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
6 Never Can Say Goodbye--Gloria Gaynor
7 You're No Good--Linda Ronstadt
8 My Eyes Adored You--Frankie Valli
9 Roll on Down the Highway--Bachman-Turner Overdrive
10 You Beat Me to the Punch--Charity Brown
11 You're the First, the Last, My Everything--Barry White
12 Some Kind of Wonderful--Grand Funk
13 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
14 Best of My Love--The Eagles
15 Doctor's Orders--Carol Douglas
16 Black Water--The Doobie Brothers
17 Lady--Styx
18 Kung Fu Fighting--Carl Douglas
19 Pick Up the Pieces--AWB
20 Sweet Surrender--John Denver
21 Changes--David Bowie
22 Lady Ellen--James Leroy
23 Mother Earth--Ian Thomas
24 Lady Marmalade--LaBelle
25 Fire--Ohip Players
26 Have You Never Been Mellow--Olivia Newton-John
27 (Make Me Do) Anything You Want--A Foot in Coldwater
28 One Man Woman/One Woman Man--Paul Anka with Odia Coates
29 Don't Call Us, We'll Call You--Sugarloaf/Jerry Corbetta
30 Can You Give it All to Me--Myles and Lenny

Calgary's Top 10
1 Please Mr. Postman--Carpenters (2nd week at #1)
2 Mandy--Barry Manilow
3 Bungle in the Jungle--Jethro Tull
4 Ride 'Em Cowboy--Paul Davis
5 Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds--Elton John
6 Some Kind of Wonderful--Grand Funk
7 Best of My Love--The Eagles
8 Kung Fu Fighting--Carl Douglas
9 Boogie On Reggae Woman--Stevie Wonder
10 Promised Land--Elvis Presley
Pick hit of the week: Doctor's Orders--Patsy Gallant

Died on this date
Robert Robinson, 88. U.K. chemist. Sir Robert won the 1947 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids."

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Shout--Tears for Fears (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): I Want To Know What Love Is--Foreigner (3rd week at #1)

At the movies
Witness, starring Harrison Ford, Kelly McGillis, Lukas Haas, and Danny Glover, opened in theatres.



Died on this date
William Lyons, 83. U.K. automobile executive. Sir William and William Walmsley co-founded the Swallow Sidecar Company in 1922, and began manufacturing cars in the late 1920s. The first Jaguar model was offered in 1935, and the company was renamed Jaguar Cars Limited in 1945.

Marvin Miller, 71. U.S. actor and announcer. Mr. Miller, born Marvin Mueller, appeared in numerous movies and radio and television programs, but was best known as the voice of Robby the Robot in the movie Forbidden Planet (1956) and as Michael Anthony, the man handing out cheques in the television series The Millionaire (1955-1960).

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Get Up! (Before the Night is Over)--Technotronic (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Nothing Compares 2 U--Sinéad O'Connor (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Del Shannon, 55. U.S. musician. Mr. Shannon, known for his falsetto voice, was born Charles Westover in Grand Rapids, Michigan. His first single, Runaway, spent four weeks at #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart, and was the #5 single of the year. Additional hits included Hats Off to Larry (#5, 1961); Little Town Flirt (#12, 1963); and Keep Searchin’ (#9, 1964-1965). The Swiss Maid (1962) only reached #64 in the U.S.A., but hit #2 in Britain, and helped to boost the career of its composer, Roger Miller. Another single from 1962, Cry Myself to Sleep (#99 U.S.; #29, U.K.) reportedly served as the inspiration for Elton John’s falsetto refrain on Crocodile Rock (1972-1973). Mr. Shannon became the first artist to cover a Beatles’ composition when he recorded From Me to You, which went to #77 in the U.S.A. in the late summer-early fall of 1963, several months before Beatlemania hit America. On November 14, 1963, Mr. Shannon appeared with Bobby Vinton and Gene Pitney in the first rock and roll concert to be held at the Jasper Place Arena in Jasper Place, Alberta (then a suburb of Edmonton). He produced Brian Hyland’s version of Gypsy Woman, which hit #3 on the Hot 100 in late 1970. Mr. Shannon worked with Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers in the early 1980s, and the album Drop Down and Get Me produced the single Sea of Love, which hit #33 in 1982, Mr. Shannon’s first top 40 hit in the U.S. since 1965. A collaboration with Tom Petty and Jeff Lynne led to the single Walk Away in 1989, which failed to chart. Mr. Shannon had been prescribed Prozac for depression, and became another apparent victim of the drug when he shot himself. His last interview, given a short time before, gave no hint that he was about to commit suicide. He had just finished the vocals for an album, consisting mainly of new songs that he’d written. The album--Rock On--included Walk Away, and was released in the fall of 1991. It’s well worth listening to, and proved that Del Shannon still had talent. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1999.

Politics and government
The day after former Prime Minister John Turner had announced his resignation as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, former cabinet minister Jean Chretien announced that he would seek the leadership.

Crime
U.S. District Court Judge William Hoeveler ruled that former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega had to stand trial in Miami, Florida on drug-trafficking charges.

Science
Montréal Mayor Jean Doré inaugurated l'Insectarium de Montréal (Montreal Insectarium) in the presence of several hundred visitors. The $4.1-million insectarium included the gift of 250,000 insects from entomologist Geoges Brossard.

20 years ago
1995

War
After resisting Russian military power for six weeks, Dzhokhar Dudayev, President of the separatist republic of Chechnya, announced that he and his commanders were pulling out of the capital city of Grozny. Most civilians had already left the city.

The United Nations Security Council voted unanimously to send 7,000 peacekeepers to Angola to maintain the peace there, three months after the Angolan government and UNITA rebels had signed a peace treaty to end a civil war that had taken 500,000 lives. The UN force was expected to remain in Angola for as long as two years.

Politics and government
Former federal cabinet minister Roméo LeBlanc took office as Governor General of Canada, succeeding Ray Hnatyshyn. Mr. LeBlanc, the first Governor General of Acadian heritage, had been an active Liberal Party politician when Prime Minister Jean Chretien announced his appointment on November 22, 1994, and his appointment to the vice-regal office had been criticized as political patronage. Reform Party leader Preston Manning and Bloc Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard refused to attend LeBlanc's installation ceremony in Ottawa.

U.S. President Bill Clinton nominated U.S. Air Force General (retired) Michael Carns as Director of Central Intelligence, succeeding James Woolsey, who had resigned in January. Mr. Carns had participated in 200 combat missions during the Vietnam War and had also served as vice chief of staff of the Air Force.

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Jimmy Smith, 79. U.S. musician. Mr. Smith was a prominent jazz organist who recorded dozens of albums from 1955-2001.

Keith Knudsen, 56. U.S. musician. Mr. Knudsen was a drummer with the Doobie Brothers from 1974-1982 and 1993 until his death from pneumonia, 10 days before his 57th birthday. He co-founded the group Southern Pacific, who recorded four albums from 1985-1989.

Diplomacy
Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon and Palestinian Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas, meeting in the Egyptian resort of Sharm al-Sheikh, declared a truce to end four years of violence.