June 30, 2016

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Lucia Rios!

1,720 years ago
296

Religion
Marcellinus succeeded Caius as Christian Bishop of Rome.

150 years ago
1866

Politics and government
The New Brunswick legislature approved Confederation, and voted funds for the Intercolonial Railway.

130 years ago
1886

Transportation
Artillery, church bells, brass bands and locomotive whistles celebrated the arrival of the Pacific Express from Montréal in Winnipeg, en route to Calgary, Alberta and Port Moody, British Columbia. The Canadian Pacific Railway's first through passenger train to the Pacific coast left Montreal on June 28.

Politics and government
Premier William Wilfred Sullivan led his Conservative Party to a fifth consecutive majority government in the Prince Edward Island provincial election. The Conservatives took 18 of the 30 seats in the House of Assembly, with the Liberals winning the other 12. The Liberals gained 3 seats, and the Conservatives lost 3.

125 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Man Mountain Dean. U.S. wrestler. Mr. Dean, born Frank Simmons Leavitt, wrestled professionally in the 1920s and '30s, eventually growing a long, full beard and adopting his ring name. He was one of the first professional wrestlers to emphasize showmanship as part of his persona. Mr. Dean died of a heart attack at the age of 61 on May 29, 1953.

Ed "Strangler" Lewis. U.S. wrestler. Mr. Lewis, born Robert Herman Julius Friedrich, won the world heavyweight championship six times in a professional career that spanned 40 years. He died on August 8, 1966 at the age of 75.

110 years ago
1906

Health
The United States Congress passed the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.

80 years ago
1936

Literature
The novel Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell was published by Macmillan.

Diplomacy
Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia appealed to the League of Nations for aid against Italy's invasion of his country.

Labour
The Canadian Department of National Defence ceased administering federal and provincial work-camps; DND had performed this duty since May 1, 1933.

75 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): A Nightingale Sang in Berkeley Square--Vera Lynn; West End Players (2nd month at #1)

At the movies
Panggilan Darah (Call of Blood), starring Dhalia and Soerip, received its premiere screening at the Orion Theatre in Batavia, Dutch East Indies.

Died on this date
Aleksander Tõnisson, 66. Estonian military commander. Kindralmajor (Major General) Tõnisson was a commander of Estonian forces during Estonia's war of independence against the U.S.S.R. in 1940. He was arrested by Soviet authorities and eventually executed.

Yefim Fomin, 32. U.S.S.R. politician. Mr. Fomin was a Communist commissar who participated in the defense of Brest Fortress against the invasion of German forces from June 22-30, 1941. When the Germans finally overcame the resistance, Mr. Fomin was identified as a Jew and a Communist, and was immediately shot.

War
The German command announced the capture of Lwow--capital of western Ukraine--and Libau on the Latvian coast. German columns were reportedly encircling Minsk. U.S.S.R. dictator Josef Stalin was named chairman of a Russian Defense Council "to accelerate mobilization." The Canadian government of Prime Minister Mackenzie King government introduced Bill 80 in the House of Commons, sanctioning his promise not to bring in conscription for overseas service; it passed on July 23, 1941 by a vote of 141-45. U.S. Navy Secretary Frank Knox told the conference of U.S. state governors in Boston that "the time to use our navy to clear the Atlantic of the German menace is at hand...Now is the time to strike." Chinese Foreign Minister Dr. Kuo Tai-Chi stated in Chungking that China would not consider any "specious offer of peace terms or a negotiated peace" which would involve the sacrifice of her "essential rights and interests."

Americana
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicated a library in Hyde Park, New York, containing six million items bearing his name, and housing his private papers.

Diplomacy
The Vichy French government severed diplomatic relations with the U.S.S.R.

Mexican Ambassador to the U.S.A. Francisco Catillo Najera presented U.S. Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles with a cheque for $1 million as partial payment of the claims of American citizens whose property in Mexico had been expropriated since 1927.

Argentina rejected Uruguay's proposal that any American republic engaged in a foreign war be regarded as a non-belligerent.

Politics and government
The New York City Board of Higher Education voted unanimously to dismiss John Kenneth Ackley, suspended City College of New York registrar, who, five days earlier, had been convicted of Communist activity and interference with the state's Rapp-Coudert Committee. The trial committee of the Board had recommended Mr. Ackley's dismissal.

Crime
Two American Federation of Labor Teamsters union officials and five alleged racketeers were arrested in New York on charges of extorting $2.5 million from trucking concerns and wholesale milk dealers.

70 years ago
1946

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): A Friend of Yours--Bing Crosby; Frank Sinatra (2nd month at #1)

On television tonight
Lights Out, on NBC
Tonight's episode: First Person Singular, starring Mary Wilsey and Carl Frank

This was the first of four specials broadcast in 1946 before the program became a weekly series in 1949.

War
As the truce in Manchuria expired, Nationalist forces in China were ordered to retaliate against Communist moves.

Politics and government
In state assembly elections in U.S.-occupied Bavaria, Baden-Wuerttemberg, and Hesse, the Christian Social Union won over the German Social Democratic Party. In U.S.S.R.-occupied Saxony, 77% of voters approved a referendum for the nationalization of large industrial plants.

The U.S. State Department revealed that it was transferring control of cultural affairs in Germany, Japan, Austria, and Korea to the War Department.

In elections in Ecuador for a national constituent assembly, conservatives won 33 seats; dissident liberals 20; independents 6; dissident leftists 2; and democrats 1.

Lord Woolton succeeded Ralph Assheton as chairman of the British Conservative Party.

Economics and finance
Chief of United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration German operations Sir Frederick Morgan announced that 714,187 refugees in the western occupation zone would be rescreened to eliminate those ineligible for aid.

The day after U.S. President Harry Truman vetoed the bill that would have extended the Office of Price Administration for one year, the OPA expired, and food subsidies ended at midnight.

The Mexican Supreme Court ruled that no U.S. company could sue directly for reimbursement for the expropriation of oil properties.

60 years ago
1956

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Rock and Roll Waltz--Kay Starr (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): (We're Gonna) Rock Around the Clock--Bill Haley and his Comets

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Mirror): I'll Be Home--Pat Boone (4th week at #1)

#1 singles in the U.S.A. (Billboard): The Wayward Wind--Gogi Grant (Best Seller--3rd week at #1; Disc Jockey--2nd week at #1; Jukebox--1st week at #1; Top 100--2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Wayward Wind--Gogi Grant (3rd week at #1)
2 Moonglow and Theme from "Picnic"--Morris Stoloff and the Columbia Pictures Orchestra
--George Cates and his Orchestra
3 I Almost Lost My Mind--Pat Boone
4 I'm in Love Again--Fats Domino
5 Standing on the Corner--The Four Lads
6 I Want You, I Need You, I Love You--Elvis Presley
7 Ivory Tower--Cathy Carr
--Gale Storm
--Otis Williams and the Charms
8 On the Street Where You Live--Vic Damone
9 Born to Be with You--The Chordettes
10 Transfusion--Nervous Norvus

Singles entering the chart were My Prayer by the Platters (#37); Ready Teddy (#42)/Rip it Up (#49) by Little Richard; and Boppin' the Blues by Carl Perkins (#47).

Protest
Warsaw radio reported that the workers' revolt in Poznan had been suppressed after three days of heavy fighting, with 48 demonstrators killed.

Diplomacy
The Argentine government ordered U.S.S.R. embassy naval attache Aleksandr Morosov to leave the country.

Politics and government
Egyptian Prime Minister Gamal Nasser named a new cabinet, including Mahmoud Fawzi as Foreign Minister.

Labour
Steelworkers in the United States began a nationwide strike against 100 companies, affecting 90% of American steel production, in a dispute over the duration of their new contract.

Disasters
A Trans World Airlines Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 collided above the Grand Canyon in Arizona and crashed, killing all 128 on board both airliners in the worst commercial air disaster to date.

Boxing
Pascual Perez (35-0-1) retained his world flyweight title with a knockout of Oscar Suarez (45-5-3) in the 11th round in Montevideo.

50 years ago
1966

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Paperback Writer--The Beatles (2nd week at #1)

Defense
The United States withdrew its forces from Evreux Air Force Base, beginning the withdrawal of American forces from France.

40 years ago
1976

Died on this date
Firpo Marberry, 77. U.S. baseball pitcher. Frederick Marberry was nicknamed in honour of Luis Angel Firpo, an Argentine boxer who fought Jack Dempsey for the world heavyweight title in 1923. Mr. Marberry played with the Washington Nationals (1923-1932, 1936); Detroit Tigers (1933-1935); and New York Giants (1936), compiling a record of 148-88 with an earned run average of 3.63 and 101 saves in 551 games. He was the first prominent relief pitcher, and the first to record 20 saves in a season (22 in 1926), and to appear in 50 games in a season (1924). Mr. Marberry was a key member of the Nationals' only World Series championship team in 1924, and helped the Nationals (1925) and Tigers (1934) win American League pennants.

Personal
This blogger departed Yellowknife with his parents to move to Calgary, ending an enjoyable eight-year stay.

Politics and government
The two-day Conference of Communist and Workers Parties of Europe concluded in East Berlin.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Montreal (1-0) 25 @ Hamilton (0-1) 1

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Addicted to Love--Robert Palmer (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Conga--Miami Sound Machine

Society
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Bowers v. Hardwick that states can outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.

Baseball
Bo Jackson, winner of the Heisman Trophy in 1985 as the most outstanding college football player in the United States, played his first game of professional baseball, batting 1 for 4 with 2 strikeouts with the Memphis Chicks of the AA Southern League.

25 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Are You Ready?--AC/DC

#1 single in Switzerland: Ring Ring Ring (Ha Ha Hey)--De La Soul (2nd week at #1)

Austria's Top 10 (Ö3)
1 The Shoop Shoop Song (It's in his Kiss)--Cher (3rd week at #1)
2 Wind of Change--Scorpions
3 The One and Only--Chesney Hawkes
4 Bobby Brown--Frank Zappa
5 Jesus Loves You--Bow Down Mister
6 Gypsy Woman (La Da Dee La Da Da)--Crystal Waters
7 Fading Like a Flower (Every Time You Leave)--Roxette
8 Secret Love--Bee Gees
9 Last Train to Trancentral--The KLF
10 How to Dance--Bingoboys featuring Princessa

Singles entering the chart were Gypsy Woman (La Da Dee La Da Da); Just a Groove by Nomad (#29); and Touch Me (All Night Long) by Cathy Dennis (#30).

20 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Tha Crossroads--Bone Thugs-N-Harmony (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Austria (Ö3): Coco Jamboo--Mr. President (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Coco Jamboo--Mr. President (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Scotland (OCC): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (5th week at #1)

Music
Neil Young premiered his album Broken Arrow with Crazy Horse via the internet; the CD was slated for release on July 2, 1996, two days after its internet debut.

Ronnie Hawkins hosted a schizophrenia fund-raiser in Peterborough, Ontario, with a surprise appearance by Willie Nelson and Ringo Starr (in actual fact two impersonators). No one in the crowd of 400 questioned the pair's authenticity; Mr. Hawkins revealed the hoax the following day.

10 years ago
2006

Football
CFL
Toronto (1-2) 19 @ British Columbia (2-1) 26

June 29, 2016

125 years ago
1891

Transportation
Thomas Ahearn and Warren Soper (Ahearn & Soper) started operating their Ottawa Street Railway Company with four electric tram cars; it was the first streetcar service in Ottawa, and the origin of OC Transpo.

110 years ago
1906

Transportation
The Canadian Pacific Steamship RMS Empress of Ireland departed Liverpool on her maiden voyage to Québec.

100 years ago
1916

Born on this date
Ruth Warrick. U.S. actress. Miss Warrick made her movie acting debut with a supporting role in Citizen Kane (1941), but was best known for her work in television soap operas, especially All My Children, in which she starred from 1970 until her death on January 15, 2005 at the age of 88.

World events
Irish Nationalist and British diplomat Roger Casement was sentenced to death for his part in the Easter Rising.

Boxing
Jack Dillon (77-2-9) won a 10-round newspaper decision over Frank Moran (25-8-2) in a heavyweight bout at Washington Park Athletic Club in Brooklyn.

90 years ago
1926

Politics and government
Canadian Governor General Lord Julius Byng invited Conservative Party leader Arthur Meighen to form a government, thinking it possible that the new Prime Minister could obtain enough support from the other parties. The Conservatives had won the greatest number of seats in the 1925 federal election, but Prime Minister Mackenzie King had been able to keep his Liberal government in office with the support of the Progressive Party. Gov. Gen. Byng asked Mr. Meighen to form a government after refusing Mr. King's request for a dissolution of Parliament.

75 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Ignace Jan Paderewski, 80. Prime Minister of Poland, January-November 1919; Chief of the National Council of Poland, 1939-1941. Mr. Paderewski was one of the world's most famous concert pianists, and was also a noted composer in the late 19th-early 20th century. He was a leading Polish nationalist, and served as the country's Prime Minister and Foreign Minister for most of 1919, but resigned and left Poland after losing political support. He moved to Switzerland, and eventually became leader of the Polish government-in-exile in London during the first two years of World War II.

Abominations
Romanian authorities launched one of the most violent pogroms in Jewish history in the city of Iași, resulting in the murder of at least 13,266 Jews.

Defense
Japanese Prime Minister Prince Fumimaro Konoye said in an interview in Tokyo that he "can see no reason why the Japanese and American people cannot remain friendly," and asserted that the Tripartite Pact was purely defensive. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt ordered the induction of 90,000 new men into the Army in the year beginning July 1, 1941. Former U.S. President Herbert Hoover declared that he was opposed to helping the U.S.S.R., which he described as "one of the bloodiest tyrannies...in human history."

Protest
Two people were killed and eight wounded when armed Italian Fascists clashed with opponents in Durazno, Uruguay.

Politics and government
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill named Canadian-born newspaper magnate Lord Beaverbrook as Minister of Supply in his war cabinet.

Law
A bill to permit wiretapping in order to trap spies and saboteurs was defeated in the U.S. House of Representatives 154-146.

Crime
U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation Director J. Edgar Hoover announced that 26 men and 3 women had been arrested in the past 48 hours on charges of espionage.

Disasters
36 passengers and crew members of the cabin cruiser Don were missing after the ship exploded; it was the worst sea disaster off the coast of Maine in 50 years.

Baseball
Singling against knuckleballer Dutch Leonard and Walt Masterson of the Washington Nationals in each game of a doubleheader, Joe DiMaggio of the Yankees hit safely in his 41st and 42nd consecutive games, breaking the American League record set by George Sisler of the St. Louis Browns in 1922. The Yankees swept the twinbill 9-4 and 7-5 at Griffith Stadium in Washington.

70 years ago
1946

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): The Gypsy--The Ink Spots (Best Seller--6th week at #1; Juke Box--5th week at #1 ); The Gypsy--Dinah Shore (Airplay--4th week at #1); The Gypsy--The Ink Spots; Dinah Shore (Honor Roll of Hits--6th week at #1)

Theatre
I Remember Mama closed after 713 performances at the Music Box Theatre on Broadway in New York.

War
At the Nuremberg trial of accused Nazi war criminals, the defense said it could not prove the death of Nazi Party deputy leader Martin Bormann, who was being tried in absentia.

World events
The unrecognized government of Indonesia announced that President Sukarno had declared martial law and assumed all executive powers, following the kidnapping of Prime Minister Sutan Sjahrir and other government officials by an armed band at Surakarta.

Terrorism
British authorities raided Jewish communities throughout Palestine, searching for the leaders of the Jewish underground group Haganah.

Politics and government
U.K. Viceroy Archibald Wavell named an executive council consisting of six Britons, one Hindu, and one Muslim to serve as a "caretaker" government in India until a Constituent Assembly was elected.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Harry Truman vetoed the bill extending the Office of Price Administration for another year, saying that it would only contribute to inflation; the House of Representatives sustained his veto.

Labour
The International Labor Organization maritime conference in Seattle adopted an international convention setting a minimum monthly wage for seamen of $64.

60 years ago
1956

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): I'll Be Home--Pat Boone (3rd week at #1)

Married on this date
U.S. actress Marilyn Monroe married U.S. playwright Arthur Miller in a civil ceremony in White Plains, New York.

World events
Argentine police, Navy, and Air Force units in Buenos Aires arrested 200 political suspects as "known Peronist thugs."

Diplomacy
U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower approved a National Security Council proposal for an end to East-West censorship and jamming of radio broadcasts; increased cultural exchanges; and intoduction of "direct air transport services" between the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.

A Nationalist Chinese statement denounced Communist Chinese Premier Chou En-lai's call for discussions on Taiwanese "liberation" as "insulting."

Politics and government
U.S. President Eisenhower accepted the resignation of Dr. Leonard Scheele as Surgeon General of the U.S. Public Health Service.

Protest
Polish Prime Minister Jozef Cyrankiewicz charged that "provocateurs" had taken advantage of the "undoubtedly existing dissatisfaction in a number of industrial enterprises" in Poznan, and promised that "mistakes" would be "immediately corrected."

Transportation
U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower signed the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956, officially creating the United States Interstate Highway System.

50 years ago
1966

At the movies
Walk, Don't Run, starring Cary Grant, Samantha Eggar, and Jim Hutton, opened in theatres. It was Mr. Grant's last film.



War
U.S. planes bombed North Vietnamese oil centres, ending the American policy of avoiding major N.V. cities. Australian Prime Minister Harold Holt was visiting Washington, and pledged to keep Australian forces in Vietnam as allies of the Americans and South Vietnamese.

Labour
The U.K. National Union of Seamen suspended its strike for 12 months; the strike had idled ships for 45 days, leading Prime Minister Harold Wilson to declare a state of emergency on May 23.

Football
USFL
Former University of Notre Dame head coach Frank Leahy announced the founding of a new professional football league in the United States, to compete with the National Football League and American Football League. The United States Football League was to have franchises in 12 major cities, and was to begin play in 1967. Mr. Leahy was chairman of the league, with the power of a commissioner.

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Baretta's Theme--Sammy Davis, Jr. (6th week at #1)

Africana
The Seychelles became independent from the United Kingdom.

Politics and government
The two-day Conference of Communist and Workers Parties of Europe convened in East Berlin.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Winnipeg (1-0) 39 @ Calgary (0-1) 27
Toronto (0-1) 18 @ British Columbia (1-1) 27

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Sailing Away--All of Us (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Touch Me (I Want Your Body)--Samantha Fox (3rd week at #1)

Adventure
British millionaire Richard Branson set a world record for the fastest powerboat crossing of the Atlantic Ocean. The Virgin Atlantic Challenger reached the Bishop Rock off the Isles of Scilly to conclude the three-day crossing, beating by two hours the record held by SS United States since 1952.

Soccer
FIFA World Cup @ Mexico City
Final
Argentina 3 West Germany 2

Jorge Luis Burruchuga scored the winning goal in the 86th minute of play before 114,600 fans at Estadio Azteca. West Germany had tied the score just three minutes earlier.



Football
CFL
Calgary (0-2) 14 @ Saskatchewan (1-0) 28



Baseball
The Detroit Tigers split a doubleheader with the Milwaukee Brewers, winning 9-5 and losing 3-1 before 40,605 fans at Tiger Stadium. The win in the first game was the 600th for Sparky Anderson as manager of the Tigers, making him the first man in major league history to reach that figure in each major league.

25 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): The Grease Megamix--Olivia Newton-John and John Travolta (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)--Crystal Waters (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)--Crystal Waters

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): De Sku' Ha' No'En Bank--Brian Igen-Igen (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Senza una donna--Zucchero & Paul Young (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Auteuil, Neuilly, Passy (rap BCBG)--Les Inconnus

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): Any Dream Will Do--Jason Donovan

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Gypsy Woman (La Da Dee La Da Da)--Crystal Waters (2nd week at #1)
2 More than Words--Extreme
3 Senza Una Donna (Without a Woman)--Zucchero & Paul Young
4 Anasthasia--T99
5 Wind of Change--Scorpions
6 The Shoop Shoop Song (It's in his Kiss)--Cher
7 I Wanna Sex You Up--Color Me Badd
8 No Coke--Dr. Alban
9 It Ain’t Over ‘Til it’s Over--Lenny Kravitz
10 Mooi Man--Mannenkoor Karrespoor

Singles entering the chart were Burbujas De Amor by Juan Luis Guerra y 4;40 (#23); Kozmik by Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers (#29); Safe from Harm by Massive Attack (#32); Morgen Wordt Alles Anders by Bonnie St Claire (#34); and Baby Baby by Amy Grant (#38).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Rush Rush--Paula Abdul (3rd week at #1)
2 I Wanna Sex You Up--Color Me Badd
3 Unbelievable--EMF
4 Power of Love/Love Power--Luther Vandross
5 Losing My Religion--R.E.M.
6 More than Words--Extreme
7 Right Here, Right Now--Jesus Jones
8 Love is a Wonderful Thing--Michael Bolton
9 Strike it Up--Black Box
9 Playground--Another Bad Creation

Singles entering the chart were (Everything I Do) I Do it for You by Bryan Adams (#53); Love of a Lifetime by Firehouse (#81); With You by Tony Terry (#84); Learning to Fly by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers (#87); Now that We Found Love by Heavy D & the Boyz (#93); Borrowed Love by Bingo Boys (#95); and Blind Faith by Warrant (#99).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Rush Rush--Paula Abdul (2nd week at #1)
2 I Wanna Sex You Up—Color Me Badd
3 Unbelievable—EMF
4 More than Words—Extreme
5 Love is a Wonderful Thing--Michael Bolton
7 Losing My Religion--R.E.M.
6 Power of Love/Love Power—Luther Vandross
8 Couple Days Off—Huey Lewis and the News
9 I Don’t Wanna Cry--Mariah Carey
10 Here I Am (Come and Take Me)--UB40

Singles entering the chart were (Everything I Do) I Do it for You by Bryan Adams (#53); Love on a Rooftop by Desmond Child (#65); Summertime by D.J. Jazzy Jeff & the Fresh Prince (#77); Sunrise by the Triplets (#80); Perfect World by Alias (#85); Too Many Walls by Cathy Dennis (#86); Just Like You by Robbie Nevil (#87); Monster by Fred Schneider (#88); and 3 A.M. Eternal by the KLF (#89).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 More than Words—Extreme (4th week at #1)
2 Love is a Wonderful Thing--Michael Bolton
3 Rush Rush—Paula Abdul
4 Couple Days Off—Huey Lewis and the News
5 I Don’t Wanna Cry--Mariah Carey
6 Losing My Religion--R.E.M.
7 Walking in Memphis—Marc Cohn
8 Unbelievable--EMF
9 Part of You, Part of Me—Glenn Frey
10 A Better Love--Londonbeat

Singles entering the chart were Something to Talk About by Bonnie Raitt (#31); Learning to Fly by Tom Petty (#39); Every Heartbeat by Amy Grant (#59); (Everything I Do) I Do it for You by Bryan Adams (#79); Set Me in Motion by Bruce Hornsby and the Range (#83); Unforgettable by Natalie Cole with Nat King Cole (#85); Never Gonna Let You Down by Surface (#87); Heat of the Night by Worrall (#88); Lay Down and Dirty by Foreigner (#91); Everybody Plays the Fool by Aaron Neville (#92); Twist My Arm by the Tragically Hip (#94); The Sound of Your Voice by 38 Special (#95); and Looking for Summer by Chris Rea (#96).

20 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Fable--Robert Miles (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Macarena--Los Del Rio (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Con te partirò--Andrea Bocelli (4th week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Macarena--Los Del Rio (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Macarena--Los del Río (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Tha Crossroads--Bone Thugs-N-Harmony (7th week at #1)
2 You're Makin' Me High/Let it Flow--Toni Braxton
3 Give Me One Reason--Tracy Chapman
4 How Do U Want It/California Love--2Pac featuring K-Ci and JoJo/2 Pac featuring Dr. Dre & Roger Troutman
5 Always Be My Baby--Mariah Carey
6 Because You Loved Me--Céline Dion
7 Theme from Mission: Impossible--Adam Clayton & Larry Mullen, Jr.
8 Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)--Los Del Rio
9 Nobody Knows--The Tony Rich Project
10 Ironic--Alanis Morissette

Singles entering the chart were I Like by Montell Jordan featuring Slick Rick (#44); Tonight, Tonight by the Smashing Pumpkins (#51); Someday by All-4-One (#67); Where it's At by Beck (#75); That Girl by Maxi Priest featuring Shaggy (#83); Redneck Games by Jeff Foxworthy with Alan Jackson (#92); and Blackberry Molasses by Mista (#96). I Like was from the movie The Nutty Professor (1996). Someday was from the movie The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Tha Crossroads--Bone Thugs-N-Harmony (6th week at #1)
2 You're Makin' Me High/Let it Flow--Toni Braxton
3 Give Me One Reason--Tracy Chapman
4 How Do You Want It/California Love--2Pac (featuring KC and JoJo)/(featuring Dr. Dre and Roger Troutman)
5 Always Be My Baby--Mariah Carey
6 Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)--Los Del Rio
7 Theme from Mission: Impossible--Adam Clayton & Larry Mullen, Jr.
8 Why I Love You So Much--Monica
9 Sweet Dreams--La Bouche
10 Insensitive--Jann Arden

Singles entering the chart were I Like by Montell Jordan featuring Slick Rick (#38); If I Ruled the World by Nas (#56); and You Said by Mona Lisa (#86).

Space
Canadian Space Agency astronaut and NASA Payload Specialist Dr. Robert Thirsk, on U.S. space shuttle Columbia mission STS-78, talked with students at Maple Grove Education Center in Nova Scotia via the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment. He also participated in a series of arm tests measuring the turning effect on muscles when force is applied, using the Torque Velocity Dynamometer, and tested in thinking skills and in determining how the head and eyes track visual and motion targets in microgravity.

Music
Eric Clapton, Ron Woods, Bob Dylan, The Who, and Alanis Morrissette were among those who performed before 150,000 people in London's Hyde Park in an all-day event that raises about £750,000 for Prince Charles' Prince's Trust charity.

Politics and government
Radovan Karadzic, self-styled President of Serb-controlled Bosnia, was re-elected President of the Serbian Democratic Party.

Disasters
12 people were killed and 25 were missing as flash floods swept through Tuscany.

Football
CFL
Winnipeg (0-1) 12 @ Calgary (2-0) 39

10 years ago
2006

Died on this date
Randy Walker, 52. U.S. football coach. Mr. Walker played fullback with Miami University in Ohio from 1973-1975, and was head coach at Miami University from 1990-1998 and Northwestern University from 1999-2005, compiling a record of 96-81-5. His best season was 1998, when he led the RedHawks to a 10-1 record. Mr. Walker's record at Northwestern was 37-46, and he was still the team's head coach when he died of a heart attack.

Law
In Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-3 that President George W. Bush's plan to try Guantanamo Bay detainees in military tribunals violated U.S. and international law.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (0-2) 22 @ Calgary (2-1) 23

June 28, 2016

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, James Remnant and Minnie de Ramos!

525 years ago
1491

Born on this date
Henry VIII. King of England, 1509-1547; Lord of Ireland, 1509-1542; King of Ireland, 1542-1547. Henry VIII, the son of Henry VII, was the second monarch of the Tudor dynasty. He was known for his six marriages; his attempt to obtain an annulment of his first marriage, to Catherine of Aragon, led to a dispute with Pope Clement VII, and ultimately led to the founding of the Church of England as a body separate from the Roman Catholic Church. King Henry VIII was a man of letters, and a talented musician. He has been credited--perhaps erroneously--as the composer of the folk ballad Greensleeves, but did not write the music hall song I'm Henry VIII, I Am. King Henry was athletic in his younger years, but a wound suffered in a jousting match led to further health problems, perhaps including the gross obesity that characterized him in his later years. King Henry VIII died on January 28, 1547 at the age of 55, and was succeeded on the throne by his son Edward VI.

180 years ago
1836

Died on this date
James Madison, 85. 4th President of the United States of America, 1809-1817. Mr. Madison, acknowledged as the "Father of the Constitution," died at his estate at Montpelier, Virginia. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1789-1797) and as Secretary of State in the administration of President Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809). Mr. Madison was President during the War of 1812 and even saw brief action at the front.

175 years ago
1841

Ballet
Giselle by Adolphe Adam received its premiere performance by the Paris Opera Ballet in the Salle Le Peletier, with Carlotta Grisi in the title role.

170 years ago
1846

Music
Adolphe Sax patented the saxophone.

130 years ago
1886

Transportation
The Montréal Field Battery executed a 15-gun salute at 8:00 pm as the the Pacific Express, the Canadian Pacific Railway's first through passenger train to the Pacific coast, left Dalhousie Square Station at the corner of Berri and Notre Dame for Port Moody, British Columbia. The first CPR transcontinental train carried 170 passengers in two immigrant sleeping coaches; two first class coaches; two first class sleeping coaches (named Yokohama and Honolulu); one dining car (Holyrood); two baggage cars; and a mail car. The 2,900-mile took almost six days, arriving in Port Moody at noon on July 4, 1886.

125 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Esther Forbes. U.S. authoress. Miss Forbes wrote historical and children's novels; her best-known work was the novel Johnny Tremain (1943), for which she received the Newbery Award. Her few works of non-fiction included the biography Paul Revere and the World He Lived In (1942), for which she received the Pulitzer Prize for History. Miss Forbes died of rheumatic heart disease on August 12, 1967 at the age of 76.

120 years ago
1896

Disasters
An explosion in the Newton Coal Company's Twin Shaft Mine in Pittston, Pennsylvania resulted in a massive cave-in that killed 58 miners.

90 years ago
1926

Business
Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz merged their two companies to form the automobile manufacturing firm Mercedes-Benz.

80 years ago
1936

World events
The Japanese puppet state of Mengjiang was formed in northern China.

75 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): My Sister and I--Jimmy Dorsey and His Orchestra with Bob Eberly (2nd week at #1)

War
The U.S.S.R. claimed that 4,000 Soviet and German tanks were engaged in a great battle in western Ukraine.

Defense
The U.S. War Department disclosed that the Army had developed a secret radio beam device, similar to a British device already in use, for spotting approaching enemy aircraft. The U.S. Senate and House of Representatives passed and sent to President Franklin D. Roosevelt the $10,384,821,624 Army appropriation bill for 1942, the largest single appropriations measure in history.

Diplomacy
The Peruvian government banned the dissemination of propaganda by foreign diplomatic and consular officials in favour of any belligerent country.

Politics and government
U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Walter George (Democrat--Georgia) criticized the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt for its "totalitarian methods" in its defense policies.

Texas Governor W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel (Democrat) defeated U.S. Representative Lyndon Johnson (Democrat--Texas) by 1,311 votes in a special election for a seat in the United States Senate.

The Chinese government named American Asia expert Owen Lattimore as a special political adviser.

City College of New York faculty member Morris Schappes was convicted in New York of perjury during his testimony on the Communist movement before the Rapp-Coudert committee.

Energy
The U.S. Federal Power Commission declared an electric power emergency in the southeastern United States, and ordered that the use of electricity for all non-essential and non-defense purposes be curtailed.

Religion
The first revision of the 1891 Baltimore Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church was published with simplifications and modernized answers.

70 years ago
1946

Politics and government
The Italian Constituent Assembly elected former Liberal Party member Enrico de Nicola as provisional President of the Italian Republic.

The U.S. House of Representatives defeated President Harry Truman's plan for reorganization of federal agencies and reform of the welfare and housing programs.

Diplomacy
The Allied Council of Foreign Ministers removed zonal restrictions on the movement of Austrian citizens and goods.

Acting U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson restated American policy barring foreign interference in China's internal affairs and helping the nation to recover its strength.

Medicine
Dr. Bertram Lou-Beer of the University of California reported the successful use of radioactive phosphorus--a byproduct of atomic research--in the treatment of superficial skin cancers.

Economics and finance
The United States Senate completed action on the Office of Price Administration bill, extending the agency for one year, but weakening its powers. Chester Bowles resigned as U.S. Office of Economic Stabilization Director, charging that the price control measures favoured by Congress made stabilization "flatly impossible."

60 years ago
1956

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): Amour, Castagnettes et Tango--Lucienne Delyle (9th week at #1)

At the movies
The King and I, starring Yul Brynner and Deborah Kerr, opened in theatres.



War
Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion warned that further Jordanian attacks on Israel would bring Israeli armed retaliation.

The U.S. Senate Air Force subcommittee, after receiving clearance from the Pentagon, released an official Army estimate that an American nuclear attack on the U.S.S.R. would cause "several hundred million deaths."

Protest
In the Polish city of Poznań, workers at the HCP factory took to the streets, sparking one of the first major protests against Communist government in both Poland and Europe.

Politics and government
People's Republic of China Premier Chou En-lai declared to the National People's Congress in Peking that his government was willing to discuss "specific steps for the peaceful liberation of Taiwan."

50 years ago
1966

Died on this date
D.C. Stephenson, 74. U.S. political activist. Mr. Stephenson was Grand Dragon of the Ku Klux Klan in Indiana and head of recruiting for seven other states from 1923 until his conviction in 1925 for the abduction, rape, and murder of Indiana education official Madge Oberholtzer. Mr. Stephenson was convicted of second-degree murder and was paroled in 1950. He was returned to prison from 1951-1956 for violating his parole conditions, and spent his last years in Jonesborough, Tennessee.

World events
A bloodless military coup toppled the civilian government of Argentine President Arturo Umberto Illia.

Boxing
Ernie Terrell (39-4) retained his World Boxing Association world heavyweight title with a 10-round unanimous decision over Doug Jones (29-7-1) at Sam Houston Coliseum in Houston. On the undercard, Cleveland Williams (67-5-1) scored a technical knockout of Tod Herring (26-6) at 25 seconds of the 3rd round in a heavyweight bout, and Dave Zyglewicz (9-0) won a 6-round decision over Bob Slaughter (8-10-2) in another heavyweight bout.





Zora Folley (71-7-4) knocked out Jefferson Davis (28-9-1) at 1:31 of the 8th round of a heavyweight bout at Centennial Coliseum in Reno, Nevada.

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Fernando--ABBA (13th week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Beautiful Sunday--Daniel Boone (15th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Échame A Mí La Culpa--Albert Hammond

Died on this date
Stanley Baker, 48. U.K. actor. Sir Stanley appeared on stage and television, but was best known for movies such as The Cruel Sea (1953); Richard III (1955); The Angry Hills (1959); and Zulu (1964). He was a heavy smoker and died of lung cancer.

War
The People's Revolutionary Tribunal in Luanda, Angola sentenced four mercenaries--three Britons and an American--to death by firing squad for their roles during the Angolan civil war in 1975. Nine others were sentenced to prison terms ranging from 16-30 years.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Edmonton (0-1) 25 @ Ottawa (1-0) 40

Baseball
Mark "The Bird" Fidrych pitched a 7-hit complete game victory to lead the Detroit Tigers over the New York Yankees 5-1 before 47,855 fans at Tiger Stadium and a national television audience watching Monday Night Baseball on ABC. The win improved Mr. Fidrych's record for the season (and his major league career) to 8-1. Losing pitcher Ken Holtzman also pitched a complete game. The game was played in 1 hour 51 minutes.



Cecil Cooper had 3 hits and five of his Boston teammates each had 2 as the Red Sox beat the Baltimore Orioles 12-8 before 27,648 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Ferguson Jenkins allowed 2 hits and 1 earned run in 4 innings of relief to get the win.

Jeff Burroughs singled home Lenny Randle with 1 out in the bottom of the 11th inning to give the Texas Rangers a 3-2 win over the Oakland Athletics before 13,679 fans at Arlington Stadium. The game was scoreless after 7 1/2 innings, with Oakland pitcher Mike Norris allowing just 1 hit in 7 innings, but Gene Clines singled home 2 runs with 2 out in the bottom of the 8th to give Texas a 2-0 lead. Don Baylor and Gene Tenace then hit solo home runs in the top of the 9th off Texas starting pitcher Jim Umbarger to tie the game.

Gil Patterson pitched a no hitter for the West Haven Yankees against the Williamsport Tomahawks. It was the only no-hitter of the season in the AA Eastern League.

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Live to Tell--Madonna (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Wonderful World--Sam Cooke

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): What Have You Done for Me Lately--Janet Jackson (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Papa Don't Preach--Madonna

#1 single in the U.K.: Spirit in the Sky--Doctor and the Medics (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): On My Own--Patti LaBelle and Michael McDonald (3rd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 On My Own--Patti LaBelle and Michael McDonald (3rd week at #1)
2 Live to Tell--Madonna
3 There’ll Be Sad Songs (To Make You Cry)—Billy Ocean
4 No One is to Blame—Howard Jones
5 Crush on You—The Jets
6 Holding Back the Years—Simply Red
7 I Can’t Wait--Nu Shooz
8 A Different Corner—George Michael
9 Who's Johnny--El DeBarge
10 Invisible Touch--Genesis

Singles entering the chart were Papa Don't Preach by Madonna (#39); Rumbleseat by John Cougar Mellencamp (#78); Venus by Bananarama (#82); Rock 'n' Roll to the Rescue by the Beach Boys (#84); Taken In by Mike & the Mechanics (#86); The Captain of her Heart by Double (#87); and I Wouldn't Lie by Yarbrough and Peoples (#90).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 On My Own—Patti LaBelle and Michael McDonald
2 Live to Tell--Madonna
3 There’ll Be Sad Songs (To Make You Cry)—Billy Ocean
4 A Different Corner—George Michael
5 Greatest Love of All--Whitney Houston
6 Holding Back the Years—Simply Red
7 The Power of Love--Jennifer Rush
8 What Have You Done for Me Lately--Janet Jackson
9 No One is to Blame—Howard Jones
10 I Can't Wait--Nu Shooz

Singles entering the chart were Sweet Freedom by Michael McDonald (#81); One Step Closer to You by Gavin Christopher (#92); Anything for Love by Gordon Lightfoot (#93); A Kind of Magic by Queen (#95); That Girl is Gone by David Pack (#96); and Kind Words by Joan Armatrading (#98).

25 years ago
1991

Politics and government
Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher announced that she would resign her seat in the House of Commons and would not run in the next general election.

The governments of Canada, British Columbia, and B.C. first nations set up a commission to coordinate treaty negotiations.

Business
The Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission supported the right of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation to close and cut back operations at 11 stations.

Scandal
Patricia Starr, a former political fundraiser for the Liberal Party of Ontario, was sentenced to six months in jail for fraud and breach of trust in dealing with the provincial government.

20 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (3rd week at #1)

Politics and government
The Islamic Welfare Party managed to create a coalition with the secular True Path Party and form a government in Turkey. Islamic Party leader Necmettin Erkeban became the first Muslim to hold the office of Prime Minister.

The Constitution of Ukraine was signed into law.

Terrorism
A suicide bomber in Turkey killed 9 people and wounded 20 as Kurdish rebels targeted a military parade.

World events
A new guerrilla group calling itself the Popular Revolutionary Army appeared at a memorial service for slain peasants in the state of Guerrero and pledged to overthrow the government.

Crime
André Dallaire, who had broken into Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien's official residence on November 5, 1995, was ruled to be not criminally responsible for his act because of his history of schizophrenia.

Academia
Under the threat of having U.S. federal funding withdrawn, The Citadel, the Military College of South Carolina, voted to admit women.

Economics and finance
The German government of Chancellor Helmut Kohl passed a plan for austerity and deregulation, targeting sick benefits and pension contributions in particular.

Football
CFL
Ottawa (0-1) 23 @ Hamilton (1-0) 35

June 27, 2016

210 years ago
1806

War
British forces captured Buenos Aires during the first British invasions of the River Plate.

170 years ago
1846

Born on this date
Charles Stewart Parnell. U.K. politician. Mr. Parnell was an Irish nationalist who transformed the Home Rule League into the Irish Parliamentary Party, which he led from 1882 until his death. He represented Meath in the House of Commons from 1875-1880 and Cork City from 1880 until his death. Mr. Parnell was regarded as one of the most brilliant politicians of his time, but revelations of a lengthy adulterous affair created in a major scandal, resulting in a splintering of the Irish Parliamentary Party into several factions. Mr. Parnell's health broke, and he died of pneumonia on October 6, 1891 at the age of 45.

120 years ago
1896

At the movies
Motion pictures were shown in Canada for the first time at the Palace Theatre at 972 St-Laurent at Viger in Montréal, where viewers saw films from the Lumière Brothers Cinematograph.

80 years ago
1936

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Louis Hector and Harry West, on MBS
Tonight’s episode: The Musgrave Ritual

Golf
Alf Padgham won the British Open at Royal Liverpool Golf Club with a score of 287, 1 stroke ahead of Jimmy Adams. First prize money was £100.



75 years ago
1941

War
An act was passed creating the Canadian Women’s Army Corps; the CWAC was officially established on August 13, 1941. German troops captured the Polish city of Białystok during Operation Barbarossa. The U.S.S.R. admitted major defeats in White Russia. U.K. Ambassador to the U.S.S.R. Sir Stafford Cripps arrived in Moscow with a British military mission. Hungarian Prime Minister Ladislaus de Bardossy announced that a state of war existed between Hungary and the U.S.S.R.

Economics and finance
The Japanese trade mission headed by Kenkichi Yoshizawa, which failed to reach a trade agreement with the Netherlands East Indies, sailed from Batavia to Japan.

Law
The United States Senate confirmed the appointment of Harlan Fiske Stone as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

Politics and government
U.S. federal agents raided the offices of the Trotskyite Socialist Workers Party in Minneapolis and St. Paul, seizing records and other materials. Acting U.S. Attorney General Francis Biddle accused party leaders of seditious conspiracy, and said they had gained control of a Teamsters Union local "to use it for illegitimate purposes."

Labour
The U.S. National Labor Relations Board ruled that Weirton Steel Company had violated the Wagner Act by discouraging membership in the Congress of Industrial Organizations Steel Workers Organizing Committee through intimidation, beatings, and labour espionage.

The American Newspaper Guild convention gave executive vice president Milton Kaufman a vote of confidence by a narrow majority after he denied being a Communist.

70 years ago
1946

Died on this date
William Stone, 79. U.S. physician. Dr. Stone was a pioneer in the use of radium to treat cancer.

Yosuke Matsuoka, 66. Japanese diplomat and politician. Mr. Matsuoka held various positions, but was probably best known for his brief period as Foreign Minister from 1940-1941, when he supported friendly relations with Germany and Italy, while exhibiting hostility toward the United States. He was arrested by the Allies at the end of World War II, but died of natural causes in Sugamo Prison in Tokyo while awaiting trial on war crimes charges.

Juan Antonio Rios, 57. President of Chile, 1942-1946. Mr. Rios, a member of the conservative wing of the Radical Party, was first elected to Congress in 1924. He was elected President in 1942 following the death in office of President Aguirre Cerda. Mr. Rios opposed some of the policies of his own party as well as those of some other parties, leaving him with little political support. He died of cancer five months after transferring his presidential powers to Vice President Alfredo Duhalde.

War
At the Tokyo trial of accused Japanese war criminals, Ken Inukai, son of murdered Prime Minister Tsuyoshi Inukai, testified that Emperor Hirohito opposed, but could not halt, the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.

Diplomacy
Supreme Court of Canada Justices Robert Taschereau and R.L. Kellock concluded a five-month study of espionage in Canada, charging that several parallel spy networks had been operating under members of the Soviet embassy.

At the Paris conference of Foreign Ministers, U.S.S.R. Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov agreed to the awarding of the Dodecanese Islands to Greece and the cession of Mont Cenis and the Tenda and Briga regions of northern Italy to France.

Law
The Canadian Citizenship Act 1946, recognized the definition of a Canadian citizen, received royal assent. It came into effect on January 1, 1947.

Terrorism
30 members of the Zionist organization Irgun Zvai Leumi were sentenced by a British court in Jerusalem to 15 years in prison for unlawfully carrying firearms.

Science
Russian Professor Aleksandr Zhdanov received the 100,000-ruble Stalin Praize for discovering "new ways of splitting atomic nuclei with cosmic rays."

Economics and finance
U.K. Food Minister John Strachey announced that bread, flour, and cake would be rationed for the first time in British history, starting July 21, 1946.

The U.S. House of Representatives Ways and Means Committee voted to increase federal aid to the needy, aged, and blind to $60 per month, and to increase old age and survivors' insurance by 50%. U.S. President Harry Truman signed a $7-million bill to make up teacher salary deficits in "war-impacted" communities.

60 years ago
1956

At the movies
Moby Dick, directed by John Huston and starring Gregory Peck, Richard Basehart, and Leo Genn, opened in theatres.



Diplomacy
Yugoslavian President Marshal Josip Broz Tito, returning to Belgrade after several weeks in Russia, denied that he had lost his independence to the Kremlin, but insisted that nothing in his visit had diminished his belief that the U.S.S.R. was striving for peace.

Politics and government
U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, addressing a press conference in Washington, argued that the U.S.S.R.'s control over foreign Communist parties had been "very much shaken and loosened by de-Stalinization.

Law
A special Canadian parliamentary commission recommended that Canada retain capital punishment, but abolish hanging as a method of execution.

Religion
The American Rabbinical Council announced plans to re-establish spiritual relations with Jewish congregations in the U.S.S.R.

Education
Washington County Schools Superintendent William Brish announced a closed-circuit television project to transmit instruction to 6,000 pupils in the school system.

50 years ago
1966

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): These Boots Are Made For Walkin'--Nancy Sinatra

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Paperback Writer--The Beatles (2nd week at #1)

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 Sweet Talkin' Guy--The Chiffons
2 Jug Band Music--The Lovin' Spoonful
3 The More I See You--Chris Montez
4 You Don't Have to Say You Love Me--Dusty Springfield
5 Green Grass--Gary Lewis and the Playboys
6 Red Rubber Ball--The Cyrkle
7 Barefootin'--Robert Parker
8 Don't Bring Me Down--The Animals
9 Paint It, Black--The Rolling Stones
10 Paperback Writer--The Beatles

Singles entering the chart were You Better Run by the Young Rascals (#68); Neighbour Neighbour by Jimmy Hughes (#74); My Lover's Prayer by Otis Redding (#78); Billy and Sue by B.J. Thomas and the Triumphs (#79); Somewhere, My Love by Ray Conniff and the Singers (#86); Hungry by Paul Revere & the Raiders (#87); Sweet Pea by Tommy Roe (#88); The Impossible Dream by Jack Jones (#89); Happy Summer Days by Ronnie Dove (#90); C'mon Everybody by the Staccatos (#91); Where Were You When I Needed You by the Grass Roots (#92); Grim Reaper of Love by the Turtles (#93); It's That Time of the Year by Len Barry (#94); Not Responsible by Tom Jones (#95); Take Some Time Out for Love by the Isley Brothers (#96); Soup Time by James and the Bondsmen (#97); Whole Lotta Shakin' in My Heart (Since I Met You) by the Miracles (#99); and I Only Have Eyes for You by the Lettermen (#100).

40 years ago
1976

Terrorism
Air France Flight 139 (Tel Aviv-Athens-Paris) was hijacked en route to Paris by the Palestine Liberation Organization and redirected to Entebbe, Uganda.

Politics and government
Army Chief of Staff Antonio Ramalho Eanes won Portugal's first democratic presidential election in 50 years. He received 61.5% of the vote to 16.5% for radical leftist candidate Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho; 14.4% for Prime Minister and presidential candidate Jose Pinheiro de Azevedo (who suffered a heart attack four days before the election); and 7.6% for Communist Octavio Pato.

Economics and finance
A two-day economic summit of seven major Western nations began in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Atlantis is Calling (S.O.S. for Love)--Modern Talking (3rd week at #1)

World events
The International Court of Justice found the United States guilty of violating international law for supporting Contra rebels in Nicaragua.

Football
CFL
Montreal (0-1) 11 @ Ottawa (1-0) 20

Chris Sigler returned an interception for a touchdown to help the Rough Riders defeat the Alouettes at Lansdowne Park.

25 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Any Dream Will Do--Jason Donovan

Died on this date
Milton Subotsky, 69. U.S.-born movie producer. Mr. Subotsky worked in television in the 1950s before moving to England, where he and fellow American expatriate Max Rosenberg formed Amicus Productions in 1964, producing movies such as Dr. Who & the Daleks (1965); Tales from the Crypt (1972); and Asylum (1972). Mr. Subotsky died of heart disease.

War
Yugoslav troops moved into Slovenia 48 hours after Slovenia had declared is independence.

Politics and government
Keith Spicer released his final report of the Citizens' Forum on Canada's Future, then returned to his post as Chairman of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). The Spicer Commission Report said that Canadians were frustrated with politicians; called for rethinking of Canada's structures and a national referendum on constitutional change; recommended that Québec be recognized as a unique province; that there be a prompt settlement of Native land claims; and that the Senate be reformed or abolished.

Robert Nixon resigned as interim Leader of the Liberal Party of Ontario, and replaced Tom Wells as Ontario Agent-General in London, England.

Long-time Progressive Conservative Party hack Hugh Segal was appointed as senior adviser to Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.

In Oka, Québec, Jerry Peltier, former head of the Kahnesatake Mohawk Coalition, was elected interim Grand Chief of Kahnesatake, urging the end of traditional selection by the democratic system.

Protest
Manitoba and Ontario natives supported Great Whale Crees in fighting new hydro projects in Québec.

Labour
The Supreme Court of Canada unanimously ruled that unions could collect dues from non-union members in a bargaining unit and use the money for political contributions and other purposes not related to collective bargaining.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Hamilton (0-1) 14 @ Ottawa (1-0) 40
British Columbia (0-1) 10 @ Edmonton (1-0) 31

20 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Macarena--Los Del Rio

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Macarena--Los Del Rio (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Albert R. Broccoli, 87. U.S. film producer. "Cubby" Broccoli was best known for producing or co-producing most of the James Bond movies from 1962-1989.

Space
Canadian Space Agency astronaut and NASA Payload Specialist Dr. Robert Thirsk, on U.S. space shuttle Columbia mission STS-78, took part in the Astronaut Lung Function Experiment, to get a better understanding of how gravity affects the pulmonary system during rest and heavy exercise. He also continued to enter responses to a battery of problem-solving tasks on the laptop computer Performance Assessment Work Station. Information from tests of the crew's mental function abilities was used to create future crew schedules, taking advantage of peak mental performance periods.

Football
CFL
Toronto (1-0) 27 @ Montreal (0-1) 24
Edmonton (1-0) 28 @ British Columbia (0-1) 14

Doug Flutie's 6-yard touchdown pass to Paul Masotti with 14 seconds remaining in regulation time gave the Argonauts their win over the Alouettes before 24,653 fans at Olympic Stadium in the first Canadian Football League game in Montreal since November 9, 1986. Tracy Ham started at quarterback for Montreal, but suffered a back injury early in the game, and was replaced by Jimmy Kemp for the rest of the game. It was the first game for Bob Price as Montreal's head coach; he replaced Don Matthews, who was returning as head coach of the Argonauts.





Danny McManus, playing his first regular season game in an Edmonton uniform, handed off to Tony Burse for 2 touchdowns and rushed for another himself as the Eskimos defeated the Lions at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver to win their season opener for the 19th straight season. Frank Jagas kicked 3 converts and 2 field goals for the Eskimos in his first CFL game, while it was the last CFL game for Edmonton receiver C.J. Davis. It was the first game as a CFL head coach for B.C.'s Joe Paopao.

10 years ago
2006

Died on this date
Ángel Maturino Reséndiz, 46. Mexican criminal. Mr. Reséndiz was known as the Railroad (or Railway) Killer. He murdered as many as 15 people in the United States and Mexico, many of them near railroads, where he had jumped on and off trains. He was deported from the United States four times, but kept reentering the country illegally. Mr. Reséndiz surrendered to Texas authorities on July 13, 1999, and was executed by lethal injection at Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville.

June 26, 2016

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Beth Stover and Sidora!

475 years ago
1541

Died on this date
Francisco Pizarro, 62-70 (?). Spanish conquistador. Mr. Pizarro led three expeditions to Peru, the third of which was successful in toppling the Inca Empire in 1532. Mr. Pizarro claimed the land for Spain, and had Incan Emperor Atahualpa executed in 1533. Mr. Pizarro and his comrade-in-arms Diego Almagro eventually had a falling-out, and Mr. Pizarro had Mr. Almagro executed. Mr. Almagro's son sought revenge, and assassinated Mr. Pizarro.

130 years ago
1886

Science
Using low-temperature electrolysis, French chemist Henri Moissan isolated elemental fluorine.

Baseball
George Stovey, a lefthanded Negro pitcher, played his first game for Jersey City of the Eastern League after being purchased from the Cuban Giants, an all-Negro touring team. Mr. Stovey, considered to be the best Negro pitcher of the 19th century, posted a 16-15 record for Jersey City in 1886, with an outstanding earned run average of 1.13.

110 years ago
1906

Auto racing
The first Grand Prix began in Le Mans, France. The French Grand Prix lasted 12 hours, and ended the next day with Ferenc Szisz winning, Felice Nazzaro finishing second, and Albert Clément finishing third.

90 years ago
1926

Politics and government
Canadian Prime Minister Mackenzie King, losing Progressive Party support for his minority Liberal government, asked Governor General Lord Julius Byng to dissolve Parliament and permit an election. Lord Byng refused the request, reminding Mr. King of their agreement made the previous October, and argues that the Conservatives, as the biggest single party in Parliament, should have a chance to form a government before an election was called.

80 years ago
1936

Aviation
The first prototype of the Focke-Wulf Fw 61, the first practical helicopter, made its first flight, with Ewald Rohlfs at the controls.

75 years ago
1941

War
Finland formally entered the Continuation War against the U.S.S.R., although fighting between the two nations had proceeded for several days. German motorized units were reported within 50 miles of Minsk. Spanish Falangists began recruiting volunteers for a legion to fight against the U.S.S.R. U.S. Interior Secretary Harold Ickes, speaking in Hartford, Connecticut, declared that it was the right moment for the United States "to strike hard and harder, fast and faster" against German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler. He denounced famed aviator and America First supporter Charles Lindbergh as a "Hitler stooge."

Defense
U.S. Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles informed U.S.S.R. Ambassador Constantine Oumansky that any Soviet request for material assistance in her defense against Germany would receive favourable consideration. The U.S. Senate Defense Investigating Committee warned of an aluminum shortage, and placed responsibility on the Office of Production Management and the Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa).

Transportation
U.S. airlines said that they would have to restrict service because of President Roosevelt's request that domestic airlines surrender 24 more transport planes for British use, bringing the total to 115 of the 358 planes available.

Politics and government
A Gallup Poll reported that 76% of Americans questioned said that they approved of the policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Religion
Pope Pius XII, speaking in English from the Vatican, declared in a radio address to the Eighth National Eucharistic Congress in St. Paul, Minnesota that a current of "black paganism" was sweeping the world.

Labour
Congress of Industrial Organizations machinists voted to end their strike and return to work at shipyards in San Francisco.

Disasters
A two-hour earthquake described as one of the most violent in years struck Morocco.

70 years ago
1946

Died on this date
Yōsuke Matsuoka, 66. Japanese diplomat and politician. Mr. Matsuoka spent some time in the United States as a youth, but returned to Japan, joining the Foreign Service in 1904, holding various positions through the early 1930s. He led the Japanese delegation to the League of Nations, delivering a speech condemning the League, announcing Japan's withdrawal, and leading the Japanese delegation out of the League's assembly hall. Mr. Matsuoka attempted to form a political party modelled on the National Fascist Party in Italy, but failed to attract much support. He was appointed Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs in the cabinet of Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe in 1940, and was one of the major architects of the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy. During 1941, Mr. Matsuoka advocated an invasion of the U.S.S.R., and believed the U.S.A. was trying to provoke war with Japan. Prime Minister Konoe wanted to avoid war with the United States, and maneuvered Mr. Matsuoka's resignation in July 1941. Mr. Matsuoka spent World War II in retirement, but was arrested by Allied authorities after the Japanese surrender in 1945 and charged with war crimes. He died of natural causes in prison before he could come to trial.

Max Kögel, 50. German war criminal. SS-Obersturmbannführer Kögel joined the Nazi Party in May 1932 and the Schutzstaffel (SS) a month later. He was deputy director of Lichtenburg concentration camp (1938-1939) and commandant of the concentration camps of Ravensbrück (1939-1942); Majdanek (August-November 1942); and Flossenbürg (1943-1945). SS-Obersturmbannführer Kögel escaped arrest by Allied authorities until June 1946; he committed suicide by hanging himself in his prison cell in Schwabach the day after his arrest.

War
At the Nuremberg trial of accused Nazi war criminals, former German Foreign Minister Constantin von Neurath said that he had opposed some of Fuehrer Adolf Hitler's policies and did not know why he had not been liquidated.

Defense
The Canadian Air Cadets officially became known as the Royal Canadian Air Cadets.

Politics and government
The three-man British negotiating team in India announced that it would suspend further negotiations on an interim government and return to England.

The U.S. House of Representatives voted to cite National Council of American-Soviet Friendship chairman Corliss Lamont for contempt for refusing to produce records demanded by the House Committee on Un-American Activities.

Scandal
The Soviet State Control Ministry announced widespread dismissals and firing of factory directors, engineers, and accountants for falsifying production figures, distributing bonuses illegally, and misappropriating funds.

60 years ago
1956

Defense
The United States detonated a hydrogen bomb at an altitude of 32,000 feet in its Pacific testing area. The United States Senate voted to give the Air Force $960 million more than the administration of President Dwight Eisenhower had requested for fiscal 1957, and also approved the full $34.7 billion defense appropriation.

Diplomacy
The United Nations Security Council rejected an African-Asian bloc petition to place the Algerian question on the Council's agenda.

World events
Cuban police arrested 17 suspects, including bullfighter Jose Sanchez, in Havana on charges of complicity in a plot to assassinate President Fulgencio Batista.

Protest
Peruvian President Manuel Odria suspended civil liberties for 30 days as a result of strike-related rioting in Lima and Calleo.

Academia
Czechoslovakian Education Minister Frantisek Kahuda rejected demands for academic freedom, and ordered restoration of "class selection" of university students.

Archaeology
Louis Rene Nougier and Roumain Robert discovered prehistoric etchings of animals, and paintings estimated to be 25,000 years old in a cave near Poitiers, France.

Science
Physicists Werner Heisenberg of West Germany and Hideki Yukawa of Japan told the International Nobel Physics Prize Winners Conference in Lindau, West Germany that relativity and quantum theories no longer sufficiently explained all phenomena discovered and questions developed through nuclear research.

50 years ago
1966

Protest
20 days after James Meredith was shot and wounded in Hernando, Mississippi while marching to Jackson in an effort to register Negro voters, others who had continued his march arrived in Jackson.

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Ramaya--Afric Simone

#1 single in the Netherlands (Veronica Top 40): Jungle Rock--Hank Mizell

#1 single in the U.K.: You to Me are Everything--Real Thing

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Silly Love Songs--Wings (4th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Afternoon Delight--Starland Vocal Band
2 Silly Love Songs--Wings
3 Misty Blue--Dorothy Moore
4 More, More, More (Part 1)--Andrea True Connection
5 Get Up and Boogie (That's Right)--Silver Convention
6 Shop Around--Captain & Tennille
7 Kiss and Say Goodbye--The Manhattans
8 Love Hangover--Diana Ross
9 Never Gonna Fall in Love Again--Eric Carmen
10 Moonlight Feels Right--Starbuck

Singles entering the chart were Another Rainy Day in New York City by Chicago (#77); Let 'Em In by Wings (#78); Devil Woman by Cliff Richard (#88); In My Father's Footsteps by Terry Jacks (#91); Don't Touch Me There by the Tubes (#92); Rainbow in Your Eyes by Leon and Mary Russell (#94); BLT by Lee Oskar (#96); Hey Shirley (This is Squirrely) by Shirley and Squirrely (#98); Wham Bam Shang-A-Lang by Silver (#99); and Everything's Coming Up Love by David Ruffin (#100).

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 Roxy Roller--Sweeney Todd
2 More, More, More (Part 1)--Andrea True Connection
3 Get Up and Boogie (That's Right)--Silver Convention
4 Silly Love Songs--Wings
5 The Whole World's Goin' Crazy--April Wine
6 Shop Around--Captain & Tennille
7 Never Gonna Fall in Love Again--Eric Carmen
8 Rock and Roll Love Letter--Bay City Rollers
9 Misty Blue--Dorothy Moore
10 Takin' it to the Streets--The Doobie Brothers

Singles entering the chart were In My Father's Footsteps by Terry Jacks (#85); Summer Love by Craig Ruhnke (#88); I'm Easy by Keith Carradine (#90); I Need to Be in Love by the Carpenters (#91); A Fifth of Beethoven by Walter Murphy and the Big Apple Band (#92); Good Vibrations by Todd Rundgren (#93); Framed by Cheech & Chong (#94); If You Know What I Mean by Neil Diamond (#95); This Masquerade by George Benson (#96); It Keeps You Runnin' by Carly Simon (#97); Better Place to Be by Harry Chapin (#98); A Little Bit More by Dr. Hook (#99); and Baby, I Love Your Way by Peter Frampton (#100).

Canadiana
The CN Tower in Toronto opened to the public; it was the world's tallest free-standing structure at 1,821 feet (550 metres), and cost $63 million to build.

30 years ago
1986

Adventure
Entrepreneur Richard Branson left New York aboard his powerboat Virgin Challenger II in an attempt to break the transatlantic speed record.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (0-1) 20 @ Toronto (1-0) 21
Winnipeg (0-1) 17 @ British Columbia (1-0) 28

Hank Ilesic punted for 2 singles in the 4th quarter, the second covering 67 yards with 1:15 remaining in regulation time, to give the Argonauts their win over the Tiger-Cats before 24,100 fans at Exhibition Stadium. The winning point came after Hamilton wide receiver Steve Stapler was ruled to have fumbled after catching a pass from quarterback Ken Hobart, and Toronto defensive back Marcellus Greene recovered on the Hamilton 44-yard line. Willie Pless played the first regular season game of his 14-year Hall of Fame career at linebacker for the Argonauts.

The Lions scored 10 points in the final 4 minutes 7 seconds of the game to clinch victory over the Blue Bombers before 41,704 fans at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver. B.C. receiver Merv Fernandez had a brilliant game catching passes and rushing the ball, and completed a pass to Ned Armour for an 86-yard gain to set up Roy Dewalt's 21-yard touchdown pass to Scott Lecky with 4:07 remaining in the game. Mr. Fernandez also served as the Lions' punter, substituting for injured Lui Passaglia, who missed the first game of his 11-year CFL career. Paul Osbaldiston played the first game of his 18-year CFL career, scoring 10 points on 3 converts, 2 field goals, and a single as he replaced Mr. Passaglia as B.C.'s kicker.

25 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Senza una donna--Zucchero featuring Paul Young (2nd week at #1)

Society
Canadian Minister of Indian Affairs Tom Siddon started talks with native leaders on responding to long-term effects of residential schools.

Environment
Canadian Environment Minister Jean Corbeil proposed a $100-million project to protect waters from oil and chemical spills, with more aerial surveillance, ship inspections, and fines.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Winnipeg (1-0) 29 @ Toronto (0-1) 15
Calgary (1-0) 49 @ Saskatchewan (0-1) 14

20 years ago
1996

Died on this date
Veronica Guerin, 36. Irish journalist. Miss Guerin ran a public relations firm from 1983-1990 and then turned to journalism, working for the Sunday Business Post and Sunday Tribune. She became a crime reporter with the Sunday Independent in 1994; she received death threats while covering the activities of drug dealers, and was followed and shot to death by drug gang members while stopped at a traffic light on the outskirts of Dublin, nine days before her 37th birthday. Her murder helped to prompt the creation of Ireland's Criminal Assets Bureau.

Academia
The U.S. Supreme Court ordered the Virginia Military Institute to admit women or forego state support.

10 years ago
2006

Politics and government
Mari Alkatiri, the first Prime Minister of East Timor, resigned after weeks of political unrest. He had been in office since May 2002.

June 25, 2016

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Gail McGonigal!

1,175 years ago
841

War
In the decisive battle of the Carolingian Civil War, divisionist forces commanded by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeated imperialist forces led by King Lothar I of Italy and King Pippin II of Aquitaine in the Battle of Fontenoy-en-Puisaye in eastern France.

725 years ago
1291

Died on this date
Eleanor of Provence, 68 (?). Queen consort of England, 1236-1272. Eleanor, a daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence, married King Henry III of England on January 14, 1236, and was crowned later that day. She was devoted to her husband but was unpopular with Londoners because of the large retinue of relatives that she brought with her from France. Queen Eleanor served as regent in 1253 when King Henry was in Gascony. The couple had five children, the eldest of whom acceded to the throne as King Edward I upon the death of his father. Eleanor remained as queen dowager, and raised several of her grandchildren.

275 years ago
1741

Europeana
Maria Theresa was crowned Queen of Hungary in St. Martin's Cathedral, Pressburg (now Bratislava).

140 years ago
1876

Died on this date
George Armstrong Custer, 36; Tom Custer, 31. U.S. military officers. Boston Custer, 27. U.S. civilian contractor. Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer had a distinguished record in the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War, and was put in charge of the U.S. Army's 7th Cavalry as they fought a combined Indian force in the Battle of the Little Bighorn in eastern Montana territory. His brother Tom was a Captain in the United States Army and twice won the Medal of Honor in the Civil War, while Boston was a civilian contractor, who accompanied his brothers with the U.S. Army's 7th Cavalry. All three brothers were killed in the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

War
Combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes decisively defeated the United States Army's 7th Cavalry in the Battle of the Little Bighorn in eastern Montana Territory (see also here and here).

120 years ago
1896

Died on this date
Samuel Leonard Tilley, 78. Canadian politician. Sir Samuel, a native of Gagetown New Brunswick, was a Conservative who served as Premier of New Brunswick (1861-1865), and was a Father of Confederation, being credited with coming up with the term Dominion of Canada. He served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald (1867-1873), and was Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick (1873-1878, 1885-1893). Sir Samuel died in Saint John.

110 years ago
1906

Theatre
Mam'zelle Champagne, a musical revue by Edgar Allan Woolf and Cassius Freeborn, opened at Madison Square Roof Garden in New York. The performance was marred by the murder of architect Stanford White by socialite Harry Thaw, both of whom were in the audience.

Died on this date
Stanford White, 52. U.S. architect. Mr. White was a major figure in the "American Renaissance," who designed houses for rich people and numerous public, institutional, and church buildings. He was also a serial seducer of teenage girls, including model and actress Evelyn Nesbit. Their brief relationship ended, both went on to other relationships. Miss Nesbit married millionaire socialite Harry Thaw, after telling him about her earlier relationship with Mr. White. The couple were attending the premiere of the musical revue Mam'zelle Champagne at Madison Square Roof Garden in New York, when Mr. White arrived and took his usual table in the building he had designed. Mr. Thaw fatally shot Mr. White, and the subsequent trial was called the "Trial of the Century."

100 years ago
1916

Died on this date
Thomas Eakins, 71. U.S. artist. Mr. Eakins was a realist painter who painted hundreds of portraits and other subjects, and was one of the foremost artists in his field. He was also a pioneer in photography. Mr. Eakins died a month before his 72nd birthday.

90 years ago
1926

Politics and government
The Canadian government of Prime Minister Mackenzie King was defeated on a motion of censure, but secured an adjournment of debate in the House of Commons until the following day.

Golf
Bobby Jones won the British Open at Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club in Lytham St Annes, England with a score of 291, 2 strokes ahead of fellow American Al Watrous. Since Mr. Jones was an amateur, the first prize money of £75 went to Mr. Watrous. It was the first of three British Open wins for Mr. Jones.

75 years ago
1941

War
The Continuation War began when the U.S.S.R. launched an air offensive, with 460 fighters and bombers targeting 19 airfields in Finland. Inaccurate intelligence and poor bombing accuracy resulted in several raids hitting Finnish cities, or municipalities, causing considerable damage. 23 Soviet bombers were lost in this strike, while the Finnish forces lost no aircraft. The British command announced that its troops had reoccupied Merdiayoun and Inbales Saki in the central sector in Syria.

Defense
U.S. Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles announced that President Franklin D. Roosevelt would not invoke the Neutrality Act against the U.S.S.R., thus permitting American ships to carry war material to Vladivostok. U.S. Senator Robert Taft (Republican--Ohio) opposed aid to the Soviet Union, saying that a Communist victory "would be far more dangerous than the victory of Fascism." The Cuban cabinet passed a resolution reiterating Cuba's moral identification with U.S. President Roosevelt's statements toward the defense of America.

Diplomacy
The Turkish National Assembly ratified the Turko-German friendship pact.

World events
English author P.G. Wodehouse disclosed in Berlin that he had been released after a year in an internment camp, and said that he would broadcast over German radio once a week to the United States on non-political subjects.

Politics and government
A trial committee of the New York City Board of Higher Education found John K. Ackley, registrar of City College of New York, guilty of Communist activity and interference with the Rapp-Coudert committee's work, and recommended his dismissal.

Economics and finance
U.S. Office of Price Administration Administrator Leon Henderson announced that Chrysler Corporation had refused to rescind price increases on new cars, and that therefore the OPA would be forced to fix prices for the entire industry.

Labour
U.S. President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802, establishing a Committee on Fair Employment Pracitces and barring racial discrimination in defense industries.

70 years ago
1946

World events
The Costa Rican government put down an alleged coup attempt in San Jose, killing one person and arresting a number of others.

Politics and government
The All-India Congress Party working committee accepted Viceroy Archibald Wavell's long-range proposals for Indian independence, after rejecting his plan for an interim government.

The Italian Constituent Assembly elected Socialist Giuseppe Saragat as chairman at its first session.

U.S. Senator Milton Young (Republican--North Dakota) defeated former Senator Gerald Nye in a special primary to fill a Senate term of 4½ years, while Sen. William Langer (Republican--North Dakota) was renominated to a regular 6-year term.

Law
Massachusetts Chief Justice John Higgins resigned from the International Military Tribunal for the Far East.

Religion
The Catholic Theological Society of America was founded in New York, with Dr. Francis Connell of Catholic University as president.

Economics and finance
The United States unfroze $700 million in gold held by Argentina in the New York Federal Reserve Bank.

Business
First Boston Corporation and Mellon Corporation merged, creating a capital fund of $25 million, the largest of any investment banking firm in the United States.

Labour
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that average hourly wages for production workers in manufacturing had reached a record high of $1.06 in April 1946, with weekly average earnings averaging $42.92.

60 years ago
1956

Died on this date
Ernest King, 77. U.S. military officer. Climaxing a career in the United States Navy of more than 40 years, Fleet Admiral King was Chief of Naval Operations and Commander-in-Chief, United States Fleet (COMINCH) during World War II, becoming the only person to hold that combined command.

Diplomacy
In Bucharest, Romanian President Chivu Stoica, Romanian Communist Party First Secretary Gheorghe Gheorgiou-Dej, and Yugoslavian President Marshal Josip Tito signed agreements restoring relations between the countries and their Communist Parties.

Politics and government
The Egyptian government announced that the Interior Ministry would retain its secret police power for 10 years in a campaign against government corruption and political dissent.

Labour
The International Labor Organization's Committee on Forced Labor concluded a draft treaty declaring forced or compulsory labour a violation of the rights of man as enunciated by the United Nations Charter.

100,000 members of Peru's Private Employees Central Union went on strike in a wage dispute with International Petroleum Company, a Standard Oil Company of New Jersey affiliate. The strikers also protested a government-approved increase in transit fares.

50 years ago
1966

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Paint It, Black/Long Long While--The Rolling Stones (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France: Ton Nom--Salvatore Adamo (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Michelle--The Beatles (8th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Sloop John B--The Beach Boys (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Paint It, Black--The Rolling Stones (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Paperback Writer--The Beatles

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Paperback Writer--The Beatles

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Paperback Writer--The Beatles
2 Paint It, Black--The Rolling Stones
3 Strangers in the Night--Frank Sinatra
4 Did You Ever Have to Make Up Your Mind--The Lovin' Spoonful
5 Cool Jerk--The Capitols
6 I Am a Rock--Simon and Garfunkel
7 Red Rubber Ball--The Cyrkle
8 A Groovy Kind of Love--The Mindbenders
9 Opus 17 (Don't Worry 'Bout Me)--The 4 Seasons
10 You Don't Have to Say You Love Me--Dusty Springfield

Singles entering the chart were You Can't Roller Skate in a Buffalo Herd by Roger Miller (#70); Can I Trust You? by the Bachelors (#77); Love Letters (#78)/Come What May (#94) by Elvis Presley; Misty by Richard "Groove" Holmes (#84); I Only Have Eyes for You by the Lettermen (#85); Over Under Sideways Down by the Yardbirds (#86); You're Nobody Till Somebody Loves You by the Wonder Who? (#89); Not Responsible by Tom Jones (#91); Hey You! Little Boo-Ga-Loo by Chubby Checker (#92); You Just Can't Quit by Rick Nelson (#93); Tar and Cement by Verdelle Smith (#95); Ain't Gonna Cry No More by Brenda Lee (#97); I'm a Nut by Leroy Pullins (#99); Sittin' on a Fence by Twice as Much (#100); and Hot Shot by the Buena Vistas (also #100).

Died on this date
Busher Jackson, 55. Canadian hockey player. Harvey Jackson played left wing with the Toronto Maple Leafs (1929-39); New York Americans (1939-41); and Boston Bruins (1941-44), scoring 475 points on 241 goals and 234 assists in 636 regular season games and 30 points on 18 goals and 12 assists in 30 playoff gmaes. He was a First Team All-Star four times and a Second Team All-Star once, led the National Hockey League in scoring in 1931-32, and helped the Maple Leafs win the Stanley Cup that year. Mr. Jackson, centre Joe Primeau, and right wing Charlie Conacher comprised the "Kid Line" with the Maple Leafs. Mr. Jackson became the first NHL player to score 4 goals in one period, accomplishing the feat in the 3rd period of a 5-2 win over the St. Louis Eagles on November 20, 1934. He lived a lifestyle of drinking and parties off the ice, which led to a decline in his standard of play in his later years, and problems after his playing career. Mr. Jackson's drinking led to serious health problems, ending in his death. Former Maple Leafs' owner Conn Smythe prevented Mr. Jackson's election to the Hockey Hall of Fame for many years, but resigned from the Hall's board of directors when they overruled him and elected Mr. Jackson to the Hall of Fame in 1971.

Humour
Lenny Bruce gave what turned out to be his last live performance, topping a bill that included the Mothers of Invention, at the Fillmore Auditorium in San Francisco. Admission to the adults-only concert cost $2.50.

Diplomacy
Yugoslavia and the Vatican signed an accord for an exchange of envoys, ending a 14-year break in relations.

Crime
Four young men were fined a total of $120 in Edmonton after being arrested at the Rainbow Ballroom the previous night. Police had been called in response to complaints that two young men were shouting and swearing at each other on the dance floor; Robert Douglas, 22, and Russell Stevens, 19, were each fined $25 for causing a disturbance. Arthur Reid, 20, was fined $30 for obstructing police, and Terrence Joseph, 21, was fined $40 and costs for creating a public disturbance. 250 youths jeered the police when they arrested the scofflaws.

Horse racing
Titled Hero, with Avelino Gomez aboard, won the 107th running of the Queen's Plate at Woodbine Racetrack in Etobicoke, Ontario in a time of 2:03 3/5. Titled Hero finished 3 lengths ahead of Bye and Near, ridden by Sam McComb, who said that Mr. Gomez had been guilty of bumping several times during the race. Bright Monarch, with Joe Baze aboard, finished third.

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Fernando--ABBA (4th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Let Your Love Flow--Bellamy Brothers

#1 single in Switzerland: Let Your Love Flow--Bellamy Brothers

Died on this date
Johnny Mercer, 66. U.S. songwriter and singer. Mr. Mercer was successful for more than three decades, especially in writing lyrics for songs from movies, resulting in four Academy Awards. His collaborators included Hoagy Carmichael, Richard Whiting, Harold Arlen, and Henry Mancini. Mr. Mercer also had some success as a singer, with hit singles such as One for My Baby (and One More for the Road) (1943) and Ac-Cent-Tchu-Ate the Positive (1944). He died of a brain tumour.

Abominations
Missouri Governor Kit Bond (Republican), in an act of politically correct cuckservatism that has become more familiar in the 21st century, announced an executive order rescinding Missouri Executive Order 44, issued by Governor Lilburn Boggs on October 27, 1838, directing that members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints "must be treated as enemies, and must be exterminated or driven from the State if necessary for the public peace—their outrages are beyond all description." Mr. Bond's announcement came in an address to the Far West stake of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, as a goodwill gesture for the United States Bicentennial. Mr. Boggs' executive order had been issued three days after the Battle of Crooked River, a skirmish between Mormons and Missouri state militia.

Protest
Workers in Poland rioted over government plans to raise food prices.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
British Columbia (0-1) 6 @ Saskatchewan (1-0) 18

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): The Final Countdown--Europe (5th week at #1)

Baseball
The Philadelphia Phillies released 41-year-old pitcher Steve Carlton, who was in his 15th season with the club and his 20th season in the major leagues. In 16 games with the Phillies in 1986, Mr. Carlton was 4-8 with an earned run average of 6.18.

25 years ago
1991

World events
Croatia and Slovenia proclaimed their independence, beginning the Yugoslavian civil war.

Protest
James Bay Cree Indians erected a barricade at Whapmagootui airport, forcing cancellation of the first public hearings into Hydro-Québec's Great Whale dam project.

Scandal
Alex Hickman, Chief Justice of the Newfoundland Supreme Court trial division, was cleared by the Canadian Judicial Council of accusations of having financial dealings with banks under review by the court.

20 years ago
1996

Died on this date
Arthur Snelling, 82. U.K. diplomat. Sir Arthur's posts included High Commissioner to Ghana (1959-1961) and Ambassador to South Africa (1970-1973). He died of emphysema while being treated for lung cancer.

Education
Eastwood Junior High School in Edmonton held its Awards Day. This blogger presented the Monarchist League Award to Leigh-Ann Nielsen, the Grade 8 student "who has demonstrated significant academic improvements, excellent citizenship, and is involved in school activities."

Terrorism
A truck bomb killed 19 Americans and injured hundreds at a U.S. military housing complex in Khobar, Saudi Arabia.

Diplomacy
Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs Lloyd Axworthy announced sanctions against Nigeria in response to that country's summary execution of minority rights activists. The sanctions included an arms embargo; a ban on sporting contacts; the downgrading of cultural and diplomatic links; and some visa regulations.

United Nations-sponsored talks aimed at uniting the Turkish and Cypriot factions in Cyprus resumed after an 18-month delay.

Religion
The Chinese government stepped up its attacks on the Dalai Lama, denouncing his hopes for the return of Tibetan independence. The Chinese Communist regime also had their choice as Panchen Lama initiated as a monk.

10 years ago
2006

Football
CFL
British Columbia (1-1) 24 @ Saskatchewan (1-1) 32