August 23, 2016

475 years ago
1541

Canadiana
On his third voyage to Canada, Jacques Cartier arrived at Cap Rouge, and started to build a fort at Charlesbourg-Royale, 10 miles upstream from his old fort at Québec. It was the first official French settlement in America north of Mexico.

275 years ago
1741

Disasters
At least 2,000 people along the Japanese coast drowned in a tsunami caused by the eruption of Oshima.

150 years ago
1866

War
The Peace of Prague was signed, ending the Austro-Prussian War.

125 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Roy Agnew. Australian composer. Mr. Agnew was a pianist whose tone poems and sonatas earned him the reputation as Australia's best composer of the early 20th century. He died of septicemia on November 12, 1944 at the age of 53 after an operation for tonsilitis.

Transportation
Regular service began on the Calgary & Edmonton Railway.

90 years ago
1926

Died on this date
Rudolph Valentino, 31. Italian-born U.S. actor. Mr. Valentino, born Rodolfo Alfonso Raffaello Pierre Filibert Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguella, moved to the United States at the age of 18. He became famous as a "Latin lover" in silent movies such as The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1921); The Sheik (1921); Blood and Sand (1922); and The Son of the Sheik (1926). Mr. Valentino died of peritonitis eight days after collapsing in his New York City hotel room and undergoing emergency surgery for a perforated ulcer; his death produced mass hysteria among female fans, and 100,000 people attended his funeral.

Tennis
Molla Mallory defeated Elizabeth Ryan 4-6, 6-4, 9-7 to win the women's singles final at the U.S. Open Championships in Forest Hills, New York. Mrs. Mallory, 42, trailed 0-4 in the third set and was one point from defeat in the fourteenth game, but rallied to win before 3,000 excited fans. It was Mrs. Mallory's eighth U.S. Open singles championship, tying the record for any competitor, male or female.

80 years ago
1936

Baseball
17-year-old Bob Feller made his first major league start, striking out 15 batters, walking 4, and giving up 6 hits as the Cleveland Indians beat the St. Louis Browns 4-1 at League Park in Cleveland. Mr. Feller also singled in his first at bat. Cleveland first baseman Hal Trosky batted 4 for 4 with a double, run, and 2 runs batted in. Earl Caldwell was the losing pitcher.

The Washington Nationals swept a doubleheader from the Philadelphia Athletics 9-3 and 9-6 before 13,000 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia.

Freddie Fitzsimmons and Hal Schumacher pitched respective complete game victories as the New York Giants swept a doubleheader from the Boston Bees 3-2 and 6-1 before 26,000 fans at National League Park in Boston.

The St. Louis Cardinals scored 5 runs in the bottom of the 8th inning to beat the Pittsburgh Pirates 7-3 in the first game of a doubleheader at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. In the second game, the Cardinals scored single runs in the 7th, 8th, and 9th innings, and the game was called because of darkness after a scoreless 10th inning with the score tied 6-6. The Cardinals were 1/2 game ahead of the Giants for the lead in the National League.

75 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Daddy--Swing and Sway with Sammy Kaye (vocal refrain by the Kaye Choir) (8th week at #1)

War
Canadian Prime Minister Mackenzie King was booed by restless Canadian Army troops in Aldershot, England when he made a speech; most of the troops had been in England for a year without seeing action. Soviet Red Army Marshal Klementy Voroshilov, commander of the Leningrad front, declared that "a terrible danger now is hanging over Leningrad," and ordered preparations for all-out defense. German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler secretly ordered that the attack on Ukraine and Crimea be given priority over the drive on Moscow.

Diplomacy
Japanese Ambassador to the United States Kichisaburō Nomura said after conferring with U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull that the gap between Japan and the United States "must be bridged."

Defense
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order directing the Navy to take over and operate the Kearny, New Jersey shipyard of Federal Shipbuilding & Drydock Company, which had been closed by a Congress of Industrial Organizations strike since August 7. Youg Democratic Clubs of America, meeting in Louisville, adopted a resolution supporting full and complete aid to the U.K., U.S.S.R., and China.

Labour
The American Federation of Teachers convention in Detroit voted to complete the expulsion of locals 5 and 537 of New York and 192 of Philadelphia on charges of being controlled by Communists.

70 years ago
1946

At the movies
The Big Sleep, directed by Howard Hawks and starring Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall, received its premiere screening. A pre-release version of the film had been shown to American soldiers overseas in 1945, but the film had been re-edited to include newly-filmed scenes to feature Miss Bacall.



World events
The Yugoslavian government reported that there were no survivors from the U.S. Army transport plane that had been downed over Yugoslavian air space on August 19--the second such incident in 10 days--all called the incident "regrettable."

Germanica
Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constituted the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein.

Politics and government
The U.S.S.R. government announced the start of a large-scale purge of state officials, including Foreign Minister Maxim Litvinov and P.V. Smirnov, head of Soviet meat and milk production.

Admiral Thawan Dhamrong Navaswat was named Siamese Prime Minister, succeeding Nai Pridi Phanamjong, who had recently resigned.

Defense
The U.S. War Department disclosed that some officers in specialist categories were being recalled to active duty "without their consent" because of poor response to the Army's request for volunteers.

Agriculture
The U.S. Agriculture Department eased some grain controls, permitting whiter bread, greater whiskey and beer production, and higher wheat exports.

Labour
The American Federation of Labor International Typographical Union ended a seven-day conference in Miami after rejecting proposals to merge with the Congress of Industrial Organizations and engage in unified political action.

The CIO National Maritime Union reached an agreement with Standard Oil Company of Indiana establishing a 48-hour workweek at sea and 44 hours in port for crews of oil tankers.

Football
NFL
College All-Star Game @ Soldier Field, Chicago
College All-Stars 16 Los Angeles Rams 0

University of Michigan running back Elroy "Crazylegs" Hirsch was named the game's Most Valuable Player as the All-Stars upset the Rams, who had moved to Los Angeles on January 12 after winning the 1945 National Football League championship as the Cleveland Rams. 97,380 were in attendance.

60 years ago
1956

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): La Ballade de Davy Crockett--Annie Cordy (4th week at #1)

Diplomacy
The London conference on the Suez Canal ended with a 17-nation majority agreeing to ask Egypt to negotiate a Suez settlement on the basis of the U.S. proposal for internationalization of the canal.

Pro-Greek Cypriot guerrillas rejected the amnesty offer of Governor Sir John Harding.

Defense
The U.S.S.R. threatened to provide military aid to Egypt in the event of an attack by the U.K. and France.

Politics and government
The Territorial Council of the Northwest Territories opened a session at the new town of New Aklavik (later renamed Inuvik). The session was moved from Aklavik because of flooding.

50 years ago
1966

Died on this date
Francis X. Bushman, 83. U.S. actor. Mr. Bushman was one of the biggest stars of the silent movie era. His best-known role was probably as Messala in Ben-Hur (1925).

Music
The Beatles continued their final concert tour with a performance at Shea Stadium in New York.



Space
The U.S. probe Lunar Orbiter 1 took the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon.



Football
CFL
Calgary (1-4) 9 @ Winnipeg (4-1) 19

Kenny Ploen completed 2 touchdown passes to Ken Nielsen as the Blue Bombers beat the Stampeders before 20,817 fans at Winnipeg Stadium. Peter Liske passed 36 yards to Terry Evanshen for the Calgary touchdown. It was Leo Lewis Night, as the Blue Bombers saluted their veteran offensive halfback, who played what turned out to be the last game of his 11-year Hall of Fame career.

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): S-S-S Single Bed--Fox (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Anata Dake wo--Teruhiko Aoi

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): El Jardín Prohibido--Sandro Giacobbe (3rd week at #1)

Labour
Danish workers ended their four-day strike over passage of a government economic plan that would limit wage increases.

Football
CFL
Toronto (3-3) 3 @ Montreal (2-3-1) 23

Johnny Rodgers rushed 41 yards for a touchdown in the 4th quarter to help the Alouettes defeat the Argonauts before 25,802 fans at Autostade. Andy Hopkins scored the other touchdown.

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Papa Don't Preach--Madonna (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Holiday Rap--MC Miker G & DJ Sven

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Sing Our Own Song--UB40

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): The Lady in Red--Chris de Burgh (7th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K.: I Want to Wake Up with You--Boris Gardiner

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Papa Don't Preach--Madonna (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Papa Don't Preach--Madonna (2nd week at #1)
2 Glory of Love--Peter Cetera
3 Higher Love--Steve Winwood
4 Mad About You--Belinda Carlisle
5 Take My Breath Away--Berlin
6 Dancing on the Ceiling--Lionel Richie
7 Venus--Bananarama
8 Rumors--Timex Social Club
9 We Don't Have to Take Our Clothes Off--Jermaine Stewart
10 The Edge of Heaven--Wham!

Singles entering the chart were Heartbeat by Don Johnson (#55); The Other Side of Life by the Moody Blues (#86); The Hunter by GTR (#87); Give Me the Reason by Luther Vandross (#89); and Angel in My Pocket by One to One (#90).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 Glory of Love--Peter Cetera
2 Papa Don't Preach--Madonna
3 We Don't Have to Take Our Clothes Off--Jermaine Stewart
4 Mad About You--Belinda Carlisle
5 Sledgehammer--Peter Gabriel
6 I Can't Wait--Nu Shooz
7 Danger Zone--Kenny Loggins
8 Nasty--Janet Jackson
9 Who's Johnny--El DeBarge
10 The Edge of Heaven--Wham!

Singles entering the chart were Ruthless People by Mick Jagger (#85); A Matter of Trust by Billy Joel (#91); Typical Male by Tina Turner (#95); Love Walks In by Van Halen (#96); and Rumors by Timex Social Club (#98). Ruthless People was the title song from the movie.

Football
CFL
Edmonton (5-3) 20 @ Toronto (5-3) 26

Lance Chomyc set a team record with 6 field goals to help the Argonauts defeat the Eskimos before 28,833 fans at Exhibition Stadium. The Eskimos had a chance to win the game at Exhibition Stadium on the final play, but Matt Dunigan's pass to Brian Kelly in the Toronto end zone was incomplete. J.C. Watts, recently acquired from the Ottawa Rough Riders, played quarterback for the Argonauts, replacing injured Condredge Holloway.



25 years ago
1991

World events
U.S.S.R. President Mikhail Gorbachev began his purge of cabinet members and officials involved in the failed coup attempt of four days earlier.

Technology
Tim Berners-Lee opened the World Wide Web (WWW) to new users.

20 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): e.p.--Gyllene Tider (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Wannabe--Spice Girls (3rd week at #1)

At the movies
The Island of Dr. Moreau, directed by Johnb Frankenheimer, and starring Marlon Brando, Val Kilmer, David Thewlis, and Fairuza Balk, opened in theatres.







Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (2-7) 16 @ Montreal (5-4) 23 (OT)
Hamilton (4-5) 8 @ Edmonton (6-3) 35

Tracy Ham rushed 57 yards for a touchdown with 37 seconds remaining in the 2nd overtime period to give the Alouettes their win over the Roughriders before 26,511 fans at Olympic Stadium. The Roughriders led by 8 points with 3 minutes left in regulation time.

Danny McManus rushed for a touchdown, handed off to Willie Pless and Eric Blount for TDs, and passed to Eddie Brown for another touchdown to lead the Eskimos over the Tiger-Cats before 27,202 fans at Commonwealth Stadium. Mr. Blount rushed 14 times for 109 yards.

10 years ago
2006

Died on this date
Maynard Ferguson, 78. Canadian-born U.S. musician. Mr. Ferguson, a native of Verdun, Quebec, was a child prodigy on piano and violin, but became known as a jazz trumpeter. He played with Stan Kenton's band in the 1950s before performing as a session musician for Hollywood movies and leading his own band. Mr. Ferguson was known for his ability to play very high notes, such as on the hit single Gonna Fly Now (Theme from "Rocky") (1977).

Wolfgang Přiklopil, 44. Austrian criminal. Mr. Přiklopil was a communications technician in Vienna who kidnapped 10-year old Natascha Kampusch on March 2, 1998, while she was walking to school. He held her captive for eight years, but she finally managed to escape, and Mr. Přiklopil, knowing the police were after him, committed suicide by jumping in front of a suburban train.

Business
Montreal-based paper manufacturer Domtar Inc. announced that it would merge with U.S. giant Weyerhaeuser's fine-paper business in a U.S.$3.3-billion deal, to create North America's largest manufacturer of uncoated freesheet paper. The merger was completed in March 2007, creating Domtar Corporation.

Football
CFL
Two days after firing Roy Shivers as general manager, the Saskatchewan Roughriders hired Eric Tillman as his replacement. Mr. Tillman had been general manager with two Grey Cup championship teams: the British Columbia Lions in 1994 and the Toronto Argonauts in 1997.