January 23, 2018

1,625 years ago
393

Politics and government
Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaimed his 8-year-old son Honorius co-Emperor.

330 years ago
1688

Born on this date
Ulrika Eleonora. Queen of Sweden, 1718-1720. Ulrika Eleonora, the youngest child of King Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark, was Queen Regnant of Sweden from 1718-1720 and Queen Consort to King Frederick I from 1720 until her death from smallpox on November 24, 1741 at the age of 53.

225 years ago
1793

Europeana
The Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia partitioned the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth for the second time.

125 years ago
1893

Died on this date
Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II, 67. U.S. politician and jurist. Mr. Lamar, a Democrat, represented Mississippi's 1st District in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1857-1860 and 1873-1877, and in the Senate from 1877-1885. When Mississippi seceded from the Union to join the Confederacy, Mr. Lamar served as C.S. Minister to Russia and special envoy to the United Kingdom and France from 1862-1865. He was United States Secretary of the Interior in the administration of President Grover Cleveland from 1885 until January 1888, when he was appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving in that capacity until his death.

110 years ago
1908

Died on this date
Edward MacDowell, 47. U.S. composer. Mr. MacDowell is best known for his second piano concerto and the piano suites Woodland Sketches (1896), Sea Pieces (1898), and New England Idylls (1902). In 1896 he was considered America's finest composer, but his reputation began to wane around World War I, perhaps as a result of the instant American dislike for all things German (Mr. MacDowell had spent some time in Germany, and was heavily influenced by German romanticism). Mr. MacDowell was chairman of the music department at Columbia University for a number of years, but left after a dispute with university president Nicholas Murray Butler over the importance of fine arts as an educational requirement. Mr. MacDowell and his wife then settled in Peterborough, New Hampshire, where they established an artists' colony. Mr. MacDowell died of a progressive degenerative nervous disease, which some in recent times have postulated to be bromide poisoning. His wife continued to operate the colony, and the MacDowell Colony continues to this day; its alumni include composer Aaron Copland and writer Thornton Wilder.

100 years ago
1918

Born on this date
Gertrude B. Elion. U.S. biochemist and pharmacologist. Professor Elion shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with George H. Hitchings and Sir James Black "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment." Among the many new drugs she developed were those that led to the AIDS drug AZT. Professor Elion died on February 21, 1999 at the age of 91.

Disasters
A coal gas explosion killed 88 men in the Allan Shaft at Stellarton, Nova Scotia.

75 years ago
1943

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): There are Such Things--Tommy Dorsey and his Orchestra with Frank Sinatra and the Pied Pipers (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Alexander Woollcott, 56. U.S. journalist. Mr. Woollcott was one of the first reporters with the U.S. Army newspaper The Stars and Stripes during World War I, and wrote for various New York newspapers and The New Yorker. He was best known as a drama critic and a member of the Algonquin Round Table of celebrated wits. Mr. Woollcott made regular radio appearances, commenting on various issues whether he knew anything about them or not. Four days after his 56th birthday, he was on the CBS program The People's Platform, beginning at 7:00 P.M., participating in a panel discussion on Germany. At about 7:15 he finished his comments for the moment, flushed and bent over his microphone, and wrote a note reading "I am sick." Moderator Harry Gideonse signalled for the other panel members to continue the discussion, and helped Mr. Woollcott to a sofa in an outside corridor, where he was struck by a cerebral hemorrhage. He was taken to Roosevelt Hospital and died at 11:46 P.M. Most of those listening to the broadcast were unaware that anything was amiss until Mr. Woolcott's death was announced the following day.

Music
Duke Ellington and his Orchestra performed at Carnegie Hall in New York for the first time.

War
German troops supported by tanks moved into the Old Harbour district of Marseille, where Frenchmen had defied German and Vichy authorities who had ordered the evacuation and razing of the area for military purposes. German and Croatian troops opened a drive against the Yugoslavian force of General Draja Mikhailovich south of Zagreb. Russian troops captured Armavir, key of the Maikop oil fields in the Caucasus, Volokonovka, northeast of Karkov, and Gigant, 75 miles from Rostov. U.K. troops of General Bernard Montgomery's 8th Army captured Tripoli from the German-Italian Panzer Army. The fleeing German Afrika Korps continued retreating westward into Tunisia. Australian and American forces defeated Japanese forces in Papua, New Guinea, while Australians reported the crushing of all organized Japanese resistance at Sanananda. U.S. forces under General Alexander Patch won the Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse, part of the Guadalcanal campaign; the battle had begun on December 15, 1942.

70 years ago
1948

Diplomacy
U.S.S.R. authorities refused to allow the United Nations Security Council's Korean Commission to consult with political leaders in the northern zone on upcoming elections.

Politics and government
The Italian Socialist Party congress in Rome voted to cooperate with Communists in upcoming legislative elections.

The Nicaraguan National Assembly completed work on a new constitution, outlawing the Communist Party.

The U.S. Army Department released a statement from General Dwight D. Eisenhower renouncing any intention of entering the 1948 U.S. presidential campaign.

Scandal
Three local Democratic Party committeemen were indicted in St. Louis on charges of vote-buying in the 1946 congressional election.

Protest
One million workers struck in 26 Bavarian cities to protest continuing food shortages, forcing enactment of a stern food collection measure in the U.S.-U.K. zone of Germany.

60 years ago
1958

World events
General Marco Perez Jimenez, President of Venezuela since December 2, 1952, was deposed by a military coup led by Admiral Wolfgang Larrazabal, and fled to the Dominican Republic. Adm. Larrazabal was appointed interim President.

Politics and government
The Kashmiri Legislative Assembly approved Prime Minister Bakshi Ghulah Mohammed's policies opposing a United Nations plebiscite for Kashmir and backing accession to India.

Crime
U.S. narcotics agents arrested 17 suspects and seized more than 45 pounds of pure heroin (worth about $3 million) in raids in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.

Labour
James Hoffa assumed the Teamsters union presidency after U.S. Federal Judge Dickinson Letts revoked his injunction barring Mr. Hoffa and a pro-Hoffa executive board from office.

Sport
Hanif Mohammad of the Pakistani cricket team, in the 2nd innings of a test match against the West Indies in Bridgetown, Barbados, made 337 while setting a world record for time at bat with 16 hours 13 minutes. Pakistan had trailed by 473 runs after the 1st innings, and Mr. Mohammad's feat allowed Pakistan to draw the match.

50 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): Monja--Roland W. (4th week at #1)

On television tonight
Wojeck, starring John Vernon, on CBC

War
Four North Korean patrol boats seized the U.S. Navy electronic surveillance ship USS Pueblo and her 83-man crew in the Sea of Japan, and took them to the port of Wonsan.

40 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Mull of Kintyre--Wings (7th week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): UFO--Pink Lady (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Credo--Elsa Baeza (4th week at #1)

Died on this date
Jack Oakie, 74. U.S. actor. Mr. Oakie, born Lewis Offield, was a comic actor best known for his portrayal of Italian dictator "Benzino Napaloni" in Charlie Chaplin's satire The Great Dictator (1940). Mr. Oakie died of an aortic aneurysm.

Terry Kath, 31. U.S. musician. Mr. Kath was the lead guitarist with the rock band Chicago, and sang lead vocals on songs such as Color My World and Make Me Smile. He had problems with drinking and drug abuse, and enjoyed playing with guns. After a party, he was fooling around with a semi-automatic pistol and was warned to be careful, but said, "Don't worry about it ... look, the clip is not even in it." Mr. Kath put the gun to his temple and found out that there was at least one round in the chamber and died instantly, eight days before his 32nd birthday.

Crime
Belgian industrialist Edouard-Jean Empain, 40, was kidnapped in Paris. His kidnappers, with no apparent political motive, demanded $8.6 million in ransom.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Jimmy Carter presented to Congress a budget of $500 billion for fiscal 1979, allowing for a deficit of $60 billion, $1.2 billion less than estimated for fiscal 1978. The budget included a $25-billion tax cut; $117.8 billion for defense; $2.3 billion for mass transit; and emphasis on energy conservation and the development of alternative sources of energy.

Golf
Tom Watson won the Bing Crosby National Pro-Am tournament at Pebble Beach, California in a playoff after shooting a 4-round score of 281; first prize money was $45,000.

Hockey
CHL
Salt Lake City 6 @ Tulsa 3

Football
NFL
Pro Bowl @ Tampa Stadium
NFC 14 AFC 13

Running back Walter Payton of the Chicago Bears was the game's Most Valuable Player. Bud Grant of the Minnesota Vikings was the head coach of the National Football Conference team, while John Madden was head coach of the American Football Conference squad.



30 years ago
1988

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy: La Bamba--Los Lobos (9th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): China in Your Hand--T'Pau

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): (I've Had) The Time of My Life--Bill Medley and Jennifer Warnes

#1 single in France (SNEP): Étienne--Guesch Patti (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Sign Your Name--Terence Trent D'Arby

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Heaven is a Place on Earth--Belinda Carlisle

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Heaven is a Place on Earth--Belinda Carlisle (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): The Way You Make Me Feel--Michael Jackson

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Way You Make Me Feel--Michael Jackson
2 Need You Tonight--INXS
3 Could've Been--Tiffany
4 Got My Mind Set on You--George Harrison
5 Hazy Shade of Winter--Bangles
6 So Emotional--Whitney Houston
7 Candle in the Wind--Elton John
8 Seasons Change--Exposé
9 Tell it to My Heart--Taylor Dayne
10 Faith--George Michael

Singles entering the chart were Endless Summer Nights by Richard Marx (#61); I Want Her by Keith Sweat (#82); Rocket 2 U by the Jets (#83); (Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay by Michael Bolton (#84); Hysteria by Def Leppard (#87); and (Baby Tell Me) Can You Dance by Shanice Wilson (#90).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Got My Mind Set on You--George Harrison (2nd week at #1)
2 Faith--George Michael
3 Pop Goes the World--Men Without Hats
4 Could've Been--Tiffany
5 Cherry Bomb--John Cougar Mellencamp
6 Candle in the Wind--Elton John
7 I Think We're Alone Now--Tiffany
8 When a Man Loves a Woman--Luba
9 The Way You Make Me Feel--Michael Jackson
10 So Emotional--Whitney Houston

Singles entering the chart were Just Like Paradise by David Lee Roth (#86); I Get Weak by Belinda Carlisle (#88); Let the Light (Shine on Me) by Triumph (#90); Father Figure by George Michael (#91); Be Still My Beating Heart by Sting (#92); Never Gonna Give You Up by Rick Astley (#93); Big Big World by Parachute Club (#95); All Our Tomorrows by Joe Cocker (#96); and Yum Bai Ya by Frozen Ghost (#97).

25 years ago
1993

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): I Will Always Love You--Whitney Houston (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy: Gli Spari Sopra--Vasco Rossi (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Dur dur d'être bébé!--Jordy (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): I Will Always Love You--Whitney Houston (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Dur dur d'être bébé!--Jordy (15th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): I Will Always Love You--Whitney Houston (7th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Chart Information Network): I Will Always Love You--Whitney Houston (8th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): I Will Always Love You--Whitney Houston (9th week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 I Will Always Love You--Whitney Houston (8th week at #1)
2 Rump Shaker--Wreckx-N-Effect
3 If I Ever Fall in Love--Shai
4 In the Still of the Nite--Boyz II Men
5 Saving Forever for You--Shanice
6 Rhythm is a Dancer--Snap!
7 I'd Die Without You--PM Dawn
8 Good Enough--Bobby Brown
9 Deeper and Deeper--Madonna
10 To Love Somebody--Michael Bolton

Singles entering the chart were Get Away by Bobby Brown (#61); A Whole New World (Aladdin's Theme) by Peabo Bryson and Regina Belle (#62); Lights by Journey (#88); and Rebirth of Slick (Cool Like Dat) by Digable Planets (#90). A Whole New World (Aladdin's Theme) was from the movie Aladdin (1992), and won the 1992 Academy Award for Best Original Song.

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 I Will Always Love You--Whitney Houston (6th week at #1)
2 Love Can Move Mountains--Celine Dion
3 Faithful--Go West
4 To Love Somebody--Michael Bolton
5 Steam--Peter Gabriel
6 Deeper and Deeper--Madonna
7 Harvest Moon--Neil Young
8 When She Cries--Restless Heart
9 Who's Gonna Ride Your Wild Horses--U2
10 Never a Time--Genesis

Singles entering the chart were Because of Love by Mae Moore (#62); Irresistable by Cathy Dennis (#75); Big Money by Monkey House (#76); Not Gonna Change by Swing Out Sister (#82); Man on the Moon by R.E.M. (#87); Reach Out I'll Be There by Michael Bolton (#88); Heart of an Angel by the Jeff Healey Band (#91); Angel by Jon Secada (#93); Angels by Blue Rodeo (#94); I'm Every Woman by Whitney Houston (#95); and It's Gonna Be a Lovely Day by S.O.U.L. S.Y.S.T.E.M. (#99).

Died on this date
Thomas A. Dorsey, 93. U.S. gospel singer and songwriter. Mr. Dorsey, the "father of black gospel music," wrote such songs as Take Me Home, Precious Lord and Peace in the Valley.

Politics and government
Catherine Callbeck, member of the Canadian House of Commons for the Prince Edward Island riding of Malpeque, was elected leader of the P.E.I. Liberal Party, replacing Premier Joe Ghiz, who was retiring from active politics. Miss Callbeck took office as Premier two days later, resigning her House of Commons seat.

20 years ago
1998

Technology
Netscape announced Mozilla, with the intention to release Communicator code as open source.

Business
The Royal Bank of Canada and Bank of Montreal announced plans to merge; it was scuttled in December 1998 by the federal government, citing competition concerns.