July 9, 2018

1,500 years ago
518

Died on this date
Anastasius I, 87 (?). Byzantine Emperor, 491-518. Anastasius I was a successful government administrator who acceded to the throne at the wish of the widow of his predecessor, Zeno. Emperor Anastasius was successful in implementing economic and political reforms, and conducted a moderate ecclesiastical policy for most of his reign. He died without children, and was succeeded as Emperor by Justin I, the chief of his palace guard.

250 years ago
1768

Born on this date
Carl August. Crown Prince of Sweden, 1809-1810; Governor General of Norway, 1809-1810. Carl August, the son of Friedrich Christian I, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg and Princess Charlotte of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön, fought against the forces of Napoleon Bonaparte in the Napoleonic Wars. He became Governor General of Norway in July 1809, and was soon thereafter adopted by King Carl XIII of Sweden in order to secure the succession to the throne. Carl August resigned as Governor General of Norway in order to go to Sweden. However, at the age of 41, he fell off his horse and died during a military practice on May 28, 1810. The Crown Prince's death was attributed to a stroke, but supporters of the house of deposed King Gustav IV were accused of poisoning Carl August, and Marshal of the Realm Count Axel von Fersen was lynched at the Crown Prince's funeral procession on June 20, 1810.

225 years ago
1793

Society
Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe signed the Act Against Slavery, banning the further importation of slaves into Upper Canada, and limiting the contract of those remaining. The Act declared that slaves' children should be free at age 25; all slaves entering the province from this date were henceforth automatically free. A bill barring the importation of slaves was passed in Lower Canada the same day.

Vermont became the first American state to prohibit slavery.

175 years ago
1843

Transportaion
SS Prince Albert, the first iron steamship built in Canada, was launched in Montreal.

150 years ago
1868

Born on this date
Gustav Noske. German politician and journalist. Mr. Noske joined the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in 1884 and edited several socialist newspapers, while becoming the party's expert on military, navy, and colonial issues.. He represented Chemnitz in the Reichstag (1907-1918), and served as the first Minister of Defense in the Weimar Republic (1919-1920). Despite being a socialist, Mr. Noske used army and paramilitary forces to suppress socialist and Communist uprisings in 1919. After leaving federal office, he served as Governor of Hanover from 1920 until he was removed from office in 1933 following the Nazi seizure of power in Germany. Mr. Noske became more conservative in his views in later years, and supported Paul von Hindenburg for Reichprنsident in 1925 and 1932. Mr. Noske moved to Frankfurt after his dismissal by the Nazis, but was arrested by the Gestapo as a suspect in the July 20, 1944 assassination attempt against Fuehrer Adolf Hitler, and was imprisoned in the Ravensbrück concentration camp. He was freed by Allied troops, but died from a stroke at the age of 78 on November 30, 1946, while preparing for a lecture tour of the United States.

Law
The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified, guaranteeing Negro Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law. It reads:

Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.

Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.

Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.

Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

125 years ago
1893

Medicine
At Provident Hospital in Chicago, Dr. Daniel Hale Williams performed the first successful open-heart surgery in the United States, repairing the torn pericardium of knife wound patient James Cornish. Dr. Williams performed the surgery without the benefit of penicillin or blood transfusion.

120 years ago
1898

Politics and government
38 men were elected to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia in the B.C. provincial election, with former Opposition leader C. A. Semlin forming a new government. There were no official parties represented in the election.

110 years ago
1908

Born on this date
Takashi Asahina, 93. Japanese orchestra conductor. Mr. Asahina founded the Kansai Symphonic Orchestra (today the Osaka Philharmonic Orchestra) in 1947, and was its principal conductor until his death on December 29, 2001 at the age of 93. He specialized in the music of Anton Bruckner.

100 years ago
1918

Born on this date
Nile Kinnick. U.S. football player. Mr. Kinnick played halfback with the University of Iowa Hawkeyes from 1937-1939, and also played basketball with the Hawkeyes. His best season was his last, when he rushed for 374 yards and 5 touchdowns, passed for 638 yards and 11 touchdowns, and was involved in 16 of Iowa's touchdowns, while playing 402 of 420 minutes as the Hawkeyes posted a 6-1-1 record. Mr. Kinnick was named a first team All-American, and won the Heisman Trophy, the Maxwell Trophy, and the Walter Camp Trophy, and was named by Associated Press as the Male Athlete of the Year in the United States. He became a U.S. Navy aviator during World War II, and was killed on June 2, 1943 at the age of 24, when, on a training flight from the aircraft carrier USS Lexington, off the coast of Venezuela in the Gulf of Paria, his plane developed a severe oil leak, and he landed in he water, but died before rescue boats could reach him. Mr. Kinnock's body was never recovered; he was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951 as a charter member.

Communications
American stunt pilot Katherine Stinson succeeded in making the first official airmail flight in western Canada, from Calgary to Edmonton.

Disasters
An inbound local train collided with an outbound express in Nashville, killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history.

90 years ago
1928

Weather
The temperature in New York reached 96 F., with eight people dying from the heat. An egg salesman fried an egg in four minutes on a concrete sidewalk on Band Street in Paterson, New Jersey.

Law
The French government began prosecution of judges, lawyers, and court clerks who were said to have unlawfully facilitated divorce actions in Paris by Americans.

80 years ago
1938

Died on this date
Benjamin Cardozo, 68. U.S. jurist. Mr. Cardozo was a member of the New York Court of Appeals from 1914-1932 and was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1932 until his death. He was known for his judgments on tort law. Mr. Cardozo was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Herbert Hoover, and was confirmed in the Senate by unanimous voice vote. He died several months after suffering a stroke.

75 years ago
1943

On the radio
The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, on MBS
Tonight's episode: The Creeping Man

War
In Operation Husky, Allied forces performed an amphibious invasion of Sicily.

Religion
John Foster Dulles, chairman of a planning commission established by the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America, told the International Conference of Christian Leaders--a council of 68 churchmen from 14 nations--that Protestant churches would sponsor a program in the fall to promote international collaboration.

70 years ago
1948

Died on this date
Seymour Stedman, 77. U.S. politician. Mr. Stedman was a founding member of the Social Democratic Party in 1898, which merged with a similarly-named organization in 1901 to become the Socialist Party of America. He was the party's candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1920 as the running mate of presidential candidat Eugene V. Debs. Mr. Stedman died five days after his 77th birthday.

War
The Arab League rejected proposals for extension of the Palestine truce, accusing Israel of "flagrant [truce] violations," and demanding the creation of a provisional unitary government in Palestine dominated by the Arab majority. Arab-Jewish fighting began again on all fronts as the truce expired.

Politics and government
Leaders of 11 western German states ended a two-day conference in Coblenz after considering proposals for the creation of a West German government. They urged that greater power be given to German administrators, but refrained from referring to the proposed government as a "state."

The U.S. House of Representatives Labor subcommittee in New York voted to recommend contempt of Congress charges for nine department store union officials who refused to testify whether they were Communists.

Abominations
A Nevada court declared prostitution legal in Reno.

Education
The U.S. National Education Association ended a six-day convention in Cleveland after voting its support of the $300-million Taft aid-to-education bill.

Economics and finance
The U.S.S.R. ordered the Berlin city treasury stop payment of occupation costs totaling 22 million Reichsmarks per month to the Western allies.

Oil
Romania announced the suspension of all oil deliveries to Yugoslavia.

Baseball
The St. Louis Browns scored 3 runs in the top of the 1st inning and held on to defeat the Cleveland Indians 5-3 before 34,780 fans at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland. Fred Sanford allowed 12 hits and 3 earned runs in 6 2/3 innings to get the win, and led off the 2nd inning with his only major league home run, which proved to be the deciding run. Cleveland starting pitcher Bob Lemon allowed 5 hits and 4 runs--all earned--in 4 innings to take the loss. Negro League legend Satchel Paige, three days past his 42nd birthday, made his major league debut with the Indians, pitching the 5th and 6th innings and allowing 2 hits but no runs.

Pinch hitter Carl Scheib doubled home Elmer Valo with 2 out to climax a 2-run rally in the bottom of the 9th inning, giving the Philadelphia Athletics an 8-7 win over the Boston Red Sox before 28,323 fans at Shibe Park in Philadelphia. The Red Sox led 4-0 before the Athletics rallied for 6 runs in the 6th, but the Red Sox scored 3 in the 8th to regain the lead. Boston shortstop Vern Stephens batted 4 for 4 with a run and 3 runs batted in, while Philadelphia shortstop Eddie Joost was 4 for 4 with a run and 2 RBIs.

Ed Lopat pitched a 4-hitter and drove in 2 runs, while Joe DiMaggio drove in 3 runs with a home run and a single as the New York Yankees routed the Washington Nationals 9-0 before 22,615 fans at Griffith Stadium in Washington.

The Detroit Tigers scored 3 runs in the bottom of the 1st inning and held on to defeat the Chicago White Sox 4-2 before 50,636 fans at Briggs Stadium in Detroit in a game that was played in 1 hour 30 minutes. Aaron Robinson spoiled Fred Hutchinson's bid for a shutout with a 2-run home run with 1 out in the 9th.

The Boston Braves scored 5 runs in the 2nd ining and 6 in the 6th as they routed the Philadelphia Phillies 13-2 before 27,050 fans at Braves Field. Johnny Sain scattered 12 hits but allowed just 1 earned run in pitching a complete game victory, and drove in 3 runs.

Pee Wee Reese had 3 hits and 2 runs batted in, and Jackie Robinson had 2 hits and 3 RBIs, to help the Brooklyn Dodgers defeat the New York Giants 10-3 before 50,819 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York.

Bill Nicholson's 2-run home run with 1 out in the bottom of the 6th inning enabled the Chicago Cubs to overcome a 1-0 deficit and defeat the Pittsburgh Pirates 2-1 before 14,506 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. Ralph Hamner pitched a 5-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Elmer Riddle, who pitched a 7-hitter.

2 errors led to 2 unearned runs in the bottom of the 8th inning as the St. Louis Cardinals broke a 4-4 tie and defeated the Cincinnati Reds 6-4 before 14,651 fans at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis.

60 years ago
1958

Diplomacy
In an address to the Canadian Parliament, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower argued that Canadians were helped by most U.S. economic actions and were hurt little by the dominating role of U.S. investment capital.



Politics and government
The U.S. Senate confirmed the appointment of Arthur S. Fleming as U.S. Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, and confirmed John McCone as a member of the Atomic Energy Commission.

Disasters
A 7.8 Mw strike-slip earthquake in Alaska caused a landslide that produced a megatsunami. The runup from the waves reached 1,722 feet (525 metres) on the rim of Lituya Bay, and five people were killed.

50 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): A Man Without Love (Quando M'innamoro)--Engelbert Humperdinck (4th week at #1)

Died on this date
Victor Blinov, 22. U.S.S.R. hockey player. Mr. Blinov was a defenceman with HC Spartak Moscow. He played with the Soviet National team from 1965-68, scoring 10 goals in 32 international matches, and helping the U.S.S.R. win the gold medal in the Winter Olympic Games in 1968. Mr. Blinov died of a heart attack during practice; he was inducted into the U.S.S.R. Hockey Hall of Fame before the end of the year.

Music
The Beatles began recording the song Revolution.

Disasters
A Clyde Beatty-Cole Bros. Circus tent collapsed during a thunderstorm in Auburn, New York, trapping 300 people and injuring at least 110.

Baseball
Major League All-Star Game @ Astrodome, Houston
National League 1 American League 0

Willie Mays of the San Francisco Giants singled in the bottom of the 1st inning, advanced to second base on a throwing error by Cleveland Indians' pitcher Luis Tiant, advanced to third on a wild pitch by Mr. Tiant, and scored the only run of the game when fellow Giant Willie McCovey grounded into a double play. The American League managed only 3 hits, while the NL had only 5. Minnesota Twins' first baseman Harmon Killebrew suffered a serious hamstring injury while stretching to catch a throw in the 3rd inning, and missed most of the rest of the season. 48,321 fans saw the first Major League All-Star Game to be played indoors.



40 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Rivers of Babylon--Boney M.

Diplomacy
The Israeli cabinet rejected Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's proposal for Israel's withdrawal from the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.

Politics and government
Nationalist Union of the People and Nationalist Revolutionary Movement of the People candidate Juan Pereda won the Bolivian presidential election, taking 53% of the popular vote to defeat six other candidates. However, the number of votes cast exceeded the number of eligible voters, resulting in the election being voided 10 days later and a coup installing Mr. Pereda as President on July 21.

Golf
Lee Elder won the Greater Milwaukee Open in a playoff after posting a 4-round total score of 275. First prize money was $30,000.

30 years ago
1988

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Tell Me--Nick Kamen (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Dirty Diana--Michael Jackson

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Fast Car--Tracy Chapman

#1 single in France (SNEP): J'ai faim de toi--Sandy (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Fast Car--Tracy Chapman

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Nothing's Gonna Change My Love for You--Glenn Medeiros

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): The Flame--Cheap Trick

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Flame--Cheap Trick
2 Dirty Diana--Michael Jackson
3 Pour Some Sugar on Me--Def Leppard
4 Mercedes Boy--Pebbles
5 Foolish Beat--Debbie Gibson
6 New Sensation--INXS
7 Make it Real--The Jets
8 Nite and Day--Al B. Sure!
9 The Valley Road--Bruce Hornsby and the Range
10 Together Forever--Rick Astley

Singles entering the chart were Monkey by George Michael (#45); Missed Opportunity by Daryl Hall John Oates (#82); Nobody's Fool by Kenny Loggins (#84); Hole in My Heart (All the Way to China) by Cyndi Lauper (#85); I Don't Want to Be a Hero by Johnny Hates Jazz (#86); Better be Home Soon by Crowded House (#87); My Obsession by Icehouse (#89); and Tell Me by White Lion (#90).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Together Forever--Rick Astley (3rd week at #1)
2 The Valley Road--Bruce Hornsby and the Range
3 Foolish Beat--Debbie Gibson
4 One More Try--George Michael
5 Dirty Diana--Michael Jackson
6 New Sensation--INXS
7 Beds are Burning--Midnight Oil
8 The Flame--Cheap Trick
9 Everything Your Heart Desires--Daryl Hall John Oates
10 Circle in the Sand--Belinda Carlisle

Singles entering the chart were Better Be Home Soon by Crowded House (#75); Love Will Save the Day by Whitney Houston (#79); Between Like and Love by Billy Vera and the Beaters (#85); Simply Irresistible by Robert Palmer (#88); Don't Live Without Love by Chicago (#91); Fire by Haywire (#94); My Obsession by Icehouse (#96); and Tomorrow People by Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers (#98).

25 years ago
1993

At the movies
In the Line of Fire, directed by Wolfgang Petersen and starring Clint Eastwood, John Malkovich, and Rene Russo, opened in theatres.

Died on this date
Henry Hazlitt, 98. U.S. journalist. Mr. Hazlitt wrote about economics and business for major New York newspapers and magazines in a career spanning 70 years. He promoted the works of Austrian School economists such as Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek, and influenced libertarian economics through his own works, such as the book Economics in One Lesson (1956). Mr. Hazlitt also served as literary editor for the New York Sun (1925-1929) and The Nation (1930-1933), and was co-editor and then editor-in chief of the libertarian magazine The Freeman (1950-1953).

Garry Hoy, 38. Canadian lawyer. Mr. Hoy was a senior partner in the firm of Holden Day Wilson who was giving a tour of the firm's offices on the 24th floor of the Toronto-Dominion Bank Tower in downtown Toronto to some articling students, and decided to demonstrate how the windows could withstand his throwing himself at them. This was apparently a common practice for Mr. Hoy, but his second demonstration on this occasion resulted in the window popping out of its frame and Mr. Hoy falling to his death. The incident is blamed for contributing to the closing of the firm in 1996, the same year Mr. Hoy was given a well-deserved Darwin Award.

Abominations
The Canadian Parliament passed the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement Act and the Nunavut Act. Nunavut officially split from the Northwest Territories and became a Canadian territory on April 1, 1999.

Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (0-1) 26 @ British Columbia (1-0) 33 (OT)

Danny Barrett's 20-yard touchdown pass to Ray Alexander in the first overtime period provided the winning margin as the Lions scored 24 points off turnovers in beating the Roughriders before 25,849 fans at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver.

20 years ago
1998

Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (1-1) 24 @ Montreal (2-0) 30
Calgary (2-0) 22 @ Toronto (0-2) 19

10 years ago
2008

Defense
Under the belief that Israel and the United States were planning to attack its nuclear program, Iran conducted the Great Prophet III missile test and war games exercise.