June 22, 2021

410 years ago
1611

Exploration
Henry Hudson, his son, and seven others were turned adrift in Hudson Bay by 12 mutinous crewmen. After a winter of hardship, Discovery's crew were convinced that Mr. Hudson intended to continue his search for a northwest passage and not return to England, and that he had hidden a large supply of food in his quarters.

160 years ago
1861

Born on this date
Maximilian von Spee. German military officer. Vice Admiral Graf Spee commanded German naval forces in the Battle of the Falkland Islands, and went down with the flagship SMS Scharnhorst on December 8, 1914 at the age of 53.

150 years ago
1871

Born on this date
William McDougall. U.K.-born psychologist. Dr. McDougall taught at University College London and Oxford before moving to the United States, serving as a professor of psychology at Harvard University (1920-1927) and then at Duke University, where he established the Parapsychology Laboratory under J.B. Rhine. Dr. McDougall was important in the development of the theory of instinct and of social psychology, and wrote a number of influential textbooks. He was an opponent of behaviourism, and used an approach he called hormic psychology, arguing that behaviour was generally goal-oriented and purposive. Dr. McDougall was a eugenicist who believed in a form of Lamarckism (the inheritance of acquired characteristics), and believed that there was an animating principle in matter. He was critical of spiritualism, but researched psychic phenomena. Dr. McDougall died on November 28, 1938 at the age of 67.

125 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Leonard W. Murray. Canadian military officer. Rear Admiral Murray, a native of Granton, Nova Scotia, served with the Royal Canadian Navy from 1913-1946, serving in both World Wars. He was the only Canadian to command an Allied theatre of operations in either world War, commanding the Newfoundland Escort Force (1941–1943), and from 1943 to the end of the war serving as Commander-in-Chief, Canadian Northwest Atlantic, and playing a significant role in the Battle of the Atlantic. He was blamed for allowing sailors shore leave in Halifax for VE Day in May 1945, which resulted in a riot. Rear Admiral Murray was never assigned another command, and left Canada for the United Kingdom in September 1945, retiring from the RCN in March 1946. He practiced maritime law in Britain until 1960, and died on November 25, 1971 at the age of 75.

110 years ago
1911

Britannica
King George V and Queen Mary of Teck were crowned at Westminster Abbey in London.



War
Mexican government forces brought an end to the Magonista rebellion of 1911 by defeating them in the Second Battle of Tijuana.

100 years ago
1921

Born on this date
Barbara Vucanovich. U.S. politician. Mrs. Vucanovich, born Barbara Farrell, was the daughter of Thomas Farrell, an engineer who was Deputy Commanding General of the Manhattan Project during World War II. A Republican, she represented Nevada's 2nd District in the U.S. House of Representatives (1983-1997), serving on various committees. Mrs. Vucanovich died on June 10, 2013, 12 days before her 92nd birthday.

Barbara Perry. U.S. actress. Miss Perry, the daughter of musician W.C. Perry, appeared in plays, movies, and television programs, usually in minor roles, in a career spanning 84 years from 1933-2017. She died on May 5, 2019 at the age of 97.

90 years ago
1931

Died on this date
Armand Fallières, 89. Prime Minister of France, 1883; President of France, 1906-1913. Mr. Fallières, a member of the Democratic Republican Alliance, was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1876, and served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Jules Ferry before serving as Prime Minister from January 29-February 21, 1883. He resigned in the face of opposition over the issue of pretenders to the throne, but held several cabinet posts in subsequent governments through 1892. Mr. Fallières was elected to the Senate in 1890; he was its President from 1899-1906, and was President of the Republic from 1906-1913.

Aviation
Ruth Nicholas crash-landed her plane off Newfoundland while attempting to become the first female to fly across the Atlantic Ocean alone.

80 years ago
1941

On the radio



Died on this date
Pat Harrison, 59. U.S. politician. Mr. Harrison, a Democrat, represented Mississippi's 6th District in the United States House of Representatives from 1911-1919 and represented Mississippi in the United States Senate from 1919 until his death. He had been a member of the Senate Finance Committee since 1933 and President pro tempore of the Senate since January 6, 1941.

War
German forces, aided by Romanian forces on the Bessarabian front, invaded the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa. Italy also declared war on the U.S.S.R. John T. Flynn of the America First Committee asked, "Are we going to fight to make Europe safe for Communism?"

World events
The June Uprising in Lithuania against the U.S.S.R. began.

Defense
U.S. Marines secretly sailed for Iceland.

Tennis
Frank Parker defeated Bobby Riggs to win the U.S. clay court championship in Chicago.

75 years ago
1946

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): The Gypsy--The Ink Spots (Best Seller--5th week at #1; Juke Box--4th week at #1 ); The Gypsy--Dinah Shore (Airplay--3rd week at #1); The Gypsy--The Ink Spots; Dinah Shore (Honor Roll of Hits--5th week at #1)

War
At the Nuremberg trial of accused Nazi war criminals, former German Foreign Minister Constantin von Neurath declared that the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations were responsible for World War II.

Diplomacy
At the request of U.S. authorities, the U.S.S.R. withdrew its consul from Seoul.

Returning from Korea, U.S. Reparations Commissioner Edwin Pauley reported to U.S. President Harry Truman that "Communism in Korea could get off to a better start than practically anywhere else in the world," and warned that "the U.S. should not waive its...claim to Japanese assets located in Korea until a democratic form of government is assured."

Representatives of the American republics signed a convention for uniform copyright protection of literary, scientific, and artistic works.

Politics and government
The Italian cabinet formally abolished the Senate, whose members had been appointed by the King for life.

Protest
Indian National Congress Party leader Jawaharlal Nehru returned to New Delhi after his release by Kashmiri authorities, following strikes and disturbances in Bombay, Calcutta, and other Indian cities.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the Consumer Price Index had risen 0.5% in the month ending May 15 to reach 131.5% of the 1935-1939 index. U.S. Stabilization Director Chester Bowles forecast an increase in meat supplies within six months and alleviation of bread shortages within 30 days.

Business
A syndicate including Bill Veeck and entertainer Bob Hope bought the Cleveland Indians of major league baseball's American League.

70 years ago
1951

Television
The U.S. Federal Communications Commission urged television stations to reduce the airing of nudity, crime, and advertisements.

War
U.S.S.R. delegate to the United Nations Jacob Malik circulated a 41-page report by the International Federation of Democratic Women alleging American atrocities in Korea.

Labour
The Congress of Industrial Organizations National Maritime Union, the largest union involved in the U.S. East and Gulf Coast dock workers' strike, signed a contract providing for an 8% wage increase; reduction of the work week from 48 to 44 hours; and improved fringe benefits.

60 years ago
1961

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade): Runaway--Del Shannon (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (Record Retailer): Surrender--Elvis Presley (4th week at #1)

World events
Moise Tshombe, leader of the Congolese secessionist province of Katanga, was released from a two-month political detention on the initiative of Major General Joseph Mobutu, commander of the Congolese army. Mr. Tshombe, who said that his arrest was the result of “foreign influence and some misunderstanding,” promised to send delegates to the forthcoming session of the Congolese parliament.

50 years ago
1971

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Kvällstoppen): Funny Funny--The Sweet (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade): Chirpy Chirpy Cheep Cheep--Middle of the Road (3rd week at #1)

War
The United States Senate voted 57-42 to adopt a measure calling for the complete withdrawal of U.S. forces from Vietnam by the spring of 1972.

Health
Officials in Chad said that more than 6,000 cases of cholera had been reported, and more than 2,000 had died in the current epidemic.

40 years ago
1981

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Bette Davis Eyes--Kim Carnes (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Blue Jeans Memory--Masahiko Kondō

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Stars on 45--Stars on 45 (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Medley--Stars on 45 (5th week at #1)

Crime
At a pre-trial hearing in New York, Mark Chapman changed his plea to guilty and admitted that he had murdered John Lennon on December 8, 1980.

30 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): The Grease Megamix--Olivia Newton-John and John Travolta (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)--Crystal Waters

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): El 7 de Septiembre--Mecano (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): De Sku' Ha' No'En Bank--Brian Igen-Igen (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Senza una donna--Zucchero & Paul Young (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Désenchantée--Mylène Farmer (9th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): I Wanna Sex You Up--Color Me Badd (3rd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Gypsy Woman (La Da Dee La Da Da)--Crystal Waters
2 Wind of Change--Scorpions
3 Senza Una Donna (Without a Woman)--Zucchero & Paul Young
4 Anasthasia--T99
5 Last Train To Trancentral (Live from the Lost Continent)--The KLF
6 More than Words--Extreme
7 No Coke--Dr. Alban
8 The Shoop Shoop Song (It's in his Kiss)--Cher
9 It Ain’t Over ‘Til it’s Over--Lenny Kravitz
10 Ring Ring Ring (Ha Ha Hey)--De La Soul

Singles entering the chart were Rush Rush by Paula Abdul (#28); Quadrophonia by Quadrophonia (#29); Lost in Music by Stereo MC's (#32); Solace of You by Living Colour (#35); My Name is Not Susan by Whitney Houston (#36); and Breek de Stilte by Stef & Bob (#37).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Rush Rush--Paula Abdul (2nd week at #1)
2 I Wanna Sex You Up--Color Me Badd
3 More than Words--Extreme
4 Losing My Religion--R.E.M.
5 Love is a Wonderful Thing--Michael Bolton
6 Unbelievable--EMF
7 Power of Love/Love Power--Luther Vandross
8 Strike it Up--Black Box
9 I Don't Wanna Cry--Mariah Carey
10 Right Here, Right Now--Jesus Jones

Singles entering the chart were I Can't Wait Another Minute by Hi-Five (#77); Crazy by Seal (#83); Hard to Handle by the Black Crowes (#84); Move Right Out by Rick Astley (#85); Only Time Will Tell by Nelson (#90); Love on a Rooftop by Desmond Child (#93); 3 A.M. Eternal by the KLF (#94); Break Up to Make Up by Cynthia (#95); Let the Beat Hit 'Em by Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam (#98); and Can You Stop the Rain by Peabo Bryson (#100).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Rush Rush--Paula Abdul
2 I Wanna Sex You Up—Color Me Badd
3 More than Words—Extreme
4 Love is a Wonderful Thing--Michael Bolton
5 Unbelievable—EMF
6 Losing My Religion--R.E.M.
7 Power of Love/Love Power—Luther Vandross
8 Couple Days Off—Huey Lewis and the News
9 I Don’t Wanna Cry--Mariah Carey
10 I Like the Way (The Kissing Game)--High-Five

Singles entering the chart were Crazy by Seal (#79); Only Time Will Tell by Nelson (#82); Nights Like This by After 7 (#84); Surrender by Trixter (#87); Can You Stop the Rain by Peabo Bryson (#88); Hard to Handle by the Black Crowes (#89); and Learning to Fly by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers (#90).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 More than Words—Extreme (3rd week at #1)
2 I Don’t Wanna Cry--Mariah Carey
3 Love is a Wonderful Thing--Michael Bolton
4 Rush Rush—Paula Abdul
5 Couple Days Off—Huey Lewis and the News
6 Losing My Religion--R.E.M.
7 Walking in Memphis—Marc Cohn
8 Unbelievable--EMF
9 Rhythm of My Heart--Rod Stewart
10 Part of You, Part of Me—Glenn Frey

Singles entering the chart were Fading Like a Flower (Every Time You Leave) by Roxette (#53); Let Her Go by Gregory Hoskins (#72); Rebel Heart by Rod Stewart (#75); The Other Side of Summer by Elvis Costello (#78); Seeing Things by the Black Crowes (#82); Cry to Me by Darby Mills (#88) Blood on the Bricks by Aldo Nova (#89); After the Rain by Blue Rodeo (#90); Someone by the Rembrandts (#95); and Runaround by Glen Stace (#96).

Hockey
NHL
In the annual entry draft, the Quebec Nordiques selected centre Eric Lindros of the Oshawa Generals as the first overall choice; he had indicated in advance that he had no intention of playing for the Nordiques.

25 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees

#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Fable--Robert Miles (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Macarena--Los Del Rio (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Con te partirò--Andrea Bocelli (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Macarena--Los Del Rio (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Macarena--Los del Río (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (3rd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Tha Crossroads--Bone Thugs-N-Harmony (6th week at #1)
2 You're Makin' Me High/Let it Flow--Toni Braxton
3 Give Me One Reason--Tracy Chapman
4 Always Be My Baby--Mariah Carey
5 Because You Loved Me--Céline Dion
6 How Do U Want It/California Love--2Pac featuring K-Ci and JoJo/2 Pac featuring Dr. Dre & Roger Troutman
7 Theme from Mission: Impossible--Adam Clayton & Larry Mullen, Jr.
8 Nobody Knows--The Tony Rich Project
9 You're the One--SWV
10 Ironic--Alanis Morissette

Singles entering the chart were Twisted by Keith Sweat (#24); Blue by LeAnn Rimes (#56); Back to the World by Tevin Campbell (#57); If I Ruled the World by Nas (#65); You Said by Mona Lisa (#83); Boom Biddy Bye Bye by Cypress Hill (#87); Macarena by Los Del Mar (#92); and I Love You Always Forever by Donna Lewis (#95).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Tha Crossroads--Bone Thugs-N-Harmony (5th week at #1)
2 You're Makin' Me High/Let it Flow--Toni Braxton
3 Give Me One Reason--Tracy Chapman
4 Always Be My Baby--Mariah Carey
5 You're the One--SWV
6 Because You Loved Me--Céline Dion
7 Theme from Mission: Impossible--Adam Clayton & Larry Mullen, Jr.
8 Sweet Dreams--La Bouche
9 Why I Love You So Much--Monica
10 Fastlove--George Michael

Singles entering the chart were Let it Flow; and How Do U Want It/California Love by 2Pac (featuring KC & JoJo)/(featuring Dr. Dre & Roger Troutman) (#52).

Died on this date
Terrel Bell, 74. U.S. politician. Dr. Bell was U.S. Commissioner of Education (1974-1976) in the administration of President Gerald Ford and Secretary of Education (1981-1984) in the administration of President Ronald Reagan. He persuaded Mr. Reagan to appoint a commission to study excellence in education, which resulted in the report A Nation at Risk (1983). Dr. Bell died in his sleep of pulmonary fibrosis.

Space
Canadian Space Agency astronaut and NASA Payload Specialist Dr. Robert Thirsk, with three other crew - Dr. Jean-Jacques Favier, Dr. Charles Brady and Dr. Richard Linnehan -aboard U.S. space shuttle Columbia started the first-ever comprehensive study of sleep, 24-hour circadian rhythms and task performance in the microgravity environment of space on mission STS-78.

20 years ago
2001

Crime
British Home Secretary David Blunkett announced that the murderers of James Bulger would be released on “life licence”. Jon Venables and Robert Thompson had been jailed eight years earlier; they were each 10 years old when they tortured and murdered the toddler.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Hamilton (1-0) 29 @ Toronto (0-1) 16

10 years ago
2011

War
U.S. President Barack Obama announced that he would pull home 33,000 troops from Afghanistan by the summer of 2012. The government of Canada released 4,000 classified pages on the treatment of detainees in Afghanistan; a panel of judges and MPs had toiled for almost a year to to determine which of the 40,000 records could be released without endangering national security.

Crime
Crime boss James "Whitey" Bulger, 81, was found and arrested by federal authorities in Santa Monica, Calif. The former leader of the Winter Hill Gang of Somerville, Massachusetts, directly northwest of Boston, had been a fugitive for more than 16 years.

Football
CFL
Pre-season
Montreal (1-1) 20 @ Hamilton (1-1) 57
Saskatchewan (1-1) 6 @ British Columbia (2-0) 34