August 18, 2015

1,575 years ago
440

Died on this date
Sixtus III, 50 (?). Roman Catholic Pope, 432-440. Sixtus III was a prominent Roman clergyman before succeeding Celestine I as pope. He attempted to restore peace between patriarchs Cyril of Alexandria and John of Antioch, and defended the rights of the pope over Illyria and the position of the archbishop of Thessalonica as head of the local Illyrian church. Sixtus III was succeeded as as Pope by Leo I.

920 years ago
1095

Died on this date
Oluf I, 44 or 45 (?). King of Denmark, 1086-1095. Oluf I, a son of King Sweyn II, acceded to the throne upon the death of his elder brother Knut IV. His reign was plagued by years of crop failure and famine, and he died under mysterious circumstances. Some speculated that King Oluf I committed suicide or was sacrificed on behalf of his people. He was succeeded on the throne by his younger brother Erik I.

425 years ago
1590

Americana
John White, the governor of Roanoke Colony, returned from a supply trip to England and found his settlement deserted, and only the word "CROATOAN" carved into the palisade. The fate of the 112-121 colonists remains unknown.

250 years ago
1765

Died on this date
Francis I, 56. Holy Roman Emperor, 1745-1765. Francis I, with his wife Maria Theresa, founded the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. Francis succeeded Charles VII on the throne, although Maria Theresa effectively executed most of the powers. Francis I died suddenly in his carriage while on the way home from the opera, and was succeeded by his eldest son Joseph II.

200 years ago
1815

Died on this date
Chauncey Goodrich, 55. U.S. politician. Mr. Goodrich, a Federalist, represented Connecticut in the United States House of Representatives from 1795-1801 and in the Senate from 1807-1813. He resigned from the Senate to serve as Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut, and died in office.

125 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Walther Funk. German journalist and politician. Mr. Funk edited the newspaper Berliner Börsenzeitung from 1924-1931. He joined the Nazi Party in 1931, and was elected a Reichstag deputy in 1932. Shortly after the Nazis came to power in 1933, Mr. Funk left his position in the Reichstag to serve as State Secretary at the Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda (1933-1937). He was Reichsminister of Economics (1938-1945) and President of the Reichsbank (1939-1945). Mr. Funk was convicted of crimes against humanity by the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg in 1946, and was sentenced to life imprisonment. He was released in 1957 on grounds of ill health, and died of diabetes on May 31, 1960 at the age of 69.

100 years ago
1915

Born on this date
Max Lanier. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Lanier played with the St. Louis Cardinals (1938-1946, 1949-1951); New York Giants (1952-1953); and St. Louis Browns (1953), compiling a record of 108-82 with an earned run average of 3.01 in 327 games. His best seasons were 1943 (15-7, a National League-leading ERA of 1.90) and 1944 (17-12, 2.65 ERA). Mr. Lanier pitched in three straight World Series from 1942-1944, posting a 2-1 record, and winning the deciding game of the 1944 Series. Mr. Lanier jumped to Veracruz of the Mexican League during the 1946 season. In 2 seasons with Veracruz, Mr. Lanier posted a record of 10-5 with an ERA of 1.70. He was one of several players banned from the major leagues for jumping to the Mexican League, but the ban was lifted in 1949, and Mr. Lanier returned to the Cardinals. He died on January 30, 2007 at the age of 91.

80 years ago
1935

Weather
New Brunswickers sweltered through the province's warmest day on record, at 103 F. (39.4 C.).

Baseball
Hank Lieber hit a home run, triple, and 2 doubles to lead the New York Giants to an 8-4 win over the Cincinnati Reds before 10,000 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York. Winning pitcher Carl Hubbell added a home run to the Giants’ cause.

75 years ago
1940

Died on this date
Walter Chrysler, 65. U.S. automobile executive. Mr. Chrysler worked with General Motors as president of the Buick division, and then with Willys-Overland Motor Company, before acquiring a controlling interest in Maxwell Motor Company and reorganizing it as Chrysler Corporation. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage, two years after suffering a stroke.

War
British planes bombed German military posts and shipping along the French coast from Boulogne to Calais. Italian forces claimed the capture of Zeilha and Bulhar on the coast of British Somaliland. U.S. Ambassador to France William Bullitt told an audience in Philadelphia that the European war was coming to the Americas.

Defense
Canadian Prime Minister Mackenzie King and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt concluded their two-day conference in Ogdensburg, New York by signing the Ogdensburg Agreement, creating the Canada-US Permanent Joint Board of Defense. The Board was composed of senior officials from both countries, to deal with delivery of arms from U.S. factories to Canadian forces; exchange of defense information; and other defense matters.

Diplomacy
U.S. Navy Admiral Thomas Hart said in Shanghai that the dispute with Japan over control of the British sector was deadlocked and was to be negotiated between Washington and Tokyo.

Australian Prime Minister Robert Menzies appointed Sir John G. Latham as his country's first minister to Japan.

Politics and government
The Duke of Windsor, the former King Edward VIII, was sworn in as Governor of the Bahamas.

A Nazi party was established in Colombia.

Technology
Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation announced that it would introduce the insulation of electrical wires and furniture coverings with plastic vinylite in the spring of 1941.

70 years ago
1945

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): On the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe--Johnny Mercer and the Pied Pipers with Paul Weston and His Orchestra (Best Seller--4th week at #1; Airplay--3rd week at #1; Juke Box--3rd week at #1; Honor Roll of Hits--2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Tsunamasa Shidei, 50. Japanese military officer. Lieutenant General Shidei held various positions, but was Vice Chief of Staff of the Kwantung Army when he was killed in the crash of the same plane that carried Indian independence activist Subhas Chandra Bose.

Subhas Chandra Bose, 48. Indian politician. Mr. Bose was one of the leaders of the Indian independence movement, and was known for advocating armed struggle against the British Empire in order to gain independence. He spent time in Germany and Japanese-held Sumatra during World War II, and was sympathetic to the Axis powers. He died of third-degree burns after the overloaded Japanese plane that he was on crashed in Japanese-occupied Formosa; conspiracy theories abound.

War
Japanese Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu told his people that the nation had been defeated, and urged all Japanese to understand the terms of the Potsdam Declaration, saying, "Any wishful thinking should be avoided and the nation should calmly face realities."

Politics and government
Sukarno took office as the first President of Indonesia, following the country's declaration of independence the previous day.

Chinese Communist leader Mao Tse-tung advised Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek that he would consider a conference only after the Communists participated in Japan's surrender.

Diplomacy
The U.S. State Department informed the Bulgarian government that it did not feel that the regime of Premier Kimon Georgiev fully represented the Bulgarian people or had taken steps to ensure proper elections.

Defense
A U.S. House of Representatives Naval Affairs subcommittee urged the United States to claim full title to Pacific islands where U.S. bases were now located.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Harry Truman directed the Office of Price Administration and Secretary of Agriculture Clinton Anderson to take necessary steps to keep down prices and the cost of living.

Transportation
U.S. Defense Transportation Director J. Monroe Johnson ended the nationwide 35-miles-per-hour speed limit.

60 years ago
1955

On television tonight
Climax!, hosted by William Lundigan, on NBC
Tonight's episode: Fear Strikes Out, directed by Herbert B. Swope, Jr., and starring Tab Hunter, Mona Freeman, and John Conte

This adaptation of baseball player Jimmy Piersall's autobiography was adapted into a movie in 1957, starring Anthony Perkins.



Football
CRU
IRFU
Toronto Argonauts' intrasquad game 1
White 36 Blue 0

Gerry Doucette threw 3 touchdown passes for White as they blanked an undermanned Blue squad at East York Stadium. Don Klosterman quarterbacked the Blue squad.

Baseball
Ken Lehman pitched a 7-inning no-hitter for his 17th win of the season, retiring 21 consecutive batters, as the Montreal Royals blanked the Columbus Jets 3-0 in the first game of an International League doubleheader at Jet Stadium. The losing pitcher was Dick Hoover, who had pitched a 9-inning no-hitter for the Jets against the Richmond Virginians in his most recent start, just four days earlier at Jet Stadium. In the 9-inning second game of the doubleheader, the Jets edged the Royals 6-5.

50 years ago
1965

Music
The Beatles continued their North American tour with a performance at Atlanta Stadium.

War
Operation Starlite began as United States Marines destroyed a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in the first major American ground battle of the Vietnam War.

Baseball
The San Francisco Giants sold veteran pitcher Jack Sanford, 36, to the Los Angeles Angels. Mr. Sanford, who was in his 10th season in the major leagues and his seventh with the Giants, was 4-5 with an earned run average of 3.96 in 23 games with San Francisco in 1965.

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Fox on the Run--Sweet (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Kokoro Nokori--Takashi Hosokawa (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Bella Sin Alma--Richard Cocciante (9th week at #1)

Personal
This blogger registered to begin Grade 10 at Sir John Franklin Territorial High School in Yellowknife.

Politics and government
Canada's provincial premiers began a four-day conference in St. John's, Newfoundland, where they discussed wage and price controls and shared-cost programs.

Labour
The British government of Prime Minister James Callaghan began subsidizing companies that retained rather than laid off employees. The action ws prompted by the highest unemployment rate in 35 years.

Police and firefighters in San Francisco went on strike.

Hockey
NHL
The Los Angeles Kings traded centre Tim Young, their first pick in the 1975 amateur draft, to the Minnesota North Stars for Minnesota's second-round pick in the 1976 draft. Los Angeles general manager Jake Milford was reluctant to meet Mr. Young's high salary demands, considering the Kings' recent acquisition of centre Marcel Dionne from the Detroit Red Wings.

Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (4-1) 20 @ Winnipeg (3-2) 13

Steve Molnar rushed 14 yards for a touchdown, followed by a 2-point convert pass from Ron Lancaster to Rhett Dawson with 2:43 remaining in the game to give the Roughriders their win over the Blue Bombers before a capacity crowd of 25,210 at Winnipeg Stadium. Tom Campana scored the other Saskatchewan TD on a 59-yard pass from Mr. Lancaster 55 seconds into the 2nd quarter, while the Blue Bombers responded with their only touchdown 3 minutes and 15 seconds later on a 20-yard pass from Dieter Brock to Gord Paterson. The score was tied 10-10 at halftime, and Bernie Ruoff kicked a 46-yard field goal midway through the 3rd quarter to give Winnipeg a 13-10 lead. The Roughriders reduced the margin to 13-12 when Mr. Brock was sacked in his own end zone by Saskatchewan defensive end Jesse O'Neal for a safety touch with 7:43 remaining in the game. The Blue Bombers attempted a comeback in the last minute, but Saskatchewan defensive back Lorne Richardson intercepted one of Mr. Brock's passes on a third-down gamble in Roughrider territory. Saskatchewan fullback George Reed rushed 20 times for 102 yards. The Saskatchewan defense limited the Winnipeg offense to 11 first downs and 185 yards net offense.

Baseball
Leroy Stanton hit a 3-run home run off Tom Murphy with none out in the bottom of the 9th inning to give the California Angels a 5-4 win over the Milwaukee Brewers before 18,320 fans at Anaheim Stadium.

Dick Allen hit a 2-run home run in the top of the 2nd inning and Mike Schmidt followed with another homer as the Philadelphia Phillies beat the Atlanta Braves 6-3 before 4,320 fans at Atlanta Stadium. Mr. Schmidt hit another solo homer to lead off the 7th inning to break a 3-3 tie, and the Phillies added 2 more runs in the inning. Mr. Schmidt's home runs were his 27th and 28th of the season.

J.R. Richard pitched a 6-hitter, singled in a run, and scored a run to lead the Houston Astros over the New York Mets 4-0 before 7,351 fans at the Astrodome. New York starting pitcher Randy Tate allowed 2 hits, 4 bases on balls, and 3 runs--2 earned--in 4 innings in taking the loss. He was lifted for pinch hitter Mike Vail, making his major league debut after being recalled from the Tidewater Tides of the International League. Mr. Vail singled with 2 out in the 5th inning, but was stranded at first base.

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Into the Groove--Madonna (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Live is Life--Opus (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: We Don't Need Another Hero (Thunderdome)--Tina Turner (3rd week at #1)

Football
CFL
Winnipeg (4-2) 28 @ Hamilton (1-5) 10

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): U Can't Touch This--MC Hammer (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Un' Estate Italiana--Edoardo Bennato; Gianna Nannini (11th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Infinity (1990's...Time for the Guru)--Guru Josh (8th week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): U Can't Touch This--MC Hammer

#1 single in France (SNEP): Soca Dance--Charles D. Lewis (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): Turtle Power--Partners in Kryme (4th week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 U Can't Touch This--MC Hammer (3rd week at #1)
2 Killer--Adamski
3 Hear the Drummer (Get Wicked)--Chad Jackson
4 It Must Have Been Love--Roxette
5 Close to You--Maxi Priest
6 Dirty Cash--Adventures of Stevie V
7 Thieves in the Temple--Prince
8 Mooi Was Die Tijd--Corry Konings
9 Vision of Love--Mariah Carey
10 That's Just the Way it Is--Phil Collins

Singles entering the chart were Tom's Diner by DNA featuring Suzanne Vega (#24); Lucille by Normaal (#29); Megamix by Technotronic (#31); Blaze of Glory by Jon Bon Jovi (#34); and Dolce Vita [Nieuwe Versie] by Ryan Paris (#35).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Vision of Love--Mariah Carey (3rd week at #1)
2 Come Back to Me--Janet Jackson
3 If Wishes Came True--Sweet Sensation
4 The Power--Snap!
5 Unskinny Bop--Poison
6 Blaze of Glory--Jon Bon Jovi
7 Do Me!--Bell Biv DeVoe
8 Have You Seen Her--M.C. Hammer
9 Cradle of Love--Billy Idol
10 King of Wishful Thinking--Go West

Singles entering the chart were This is the Right Time by Lisa Stansfield (#69); All I'm Missing is You by Glenn Medeiros featuring Ray Parker, Jr. (#72); Giving You the Benefit by Pebbles (#76); I Wanna Get Back with You by Louie Louie (#94); Jealous by Gene Loves Jezebel (#95); Fly to the Angels by Slaughter (#97); Joey by Concrete Blonde (#98); and Look Into My Eyes by George LaMond (#99).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Vision of Love--Mariah Carey (2nd week at #1)
2 The Power--Snap!
3 Come Back to Me--Janet Jackson
4 If Wishes Came True--Sweet Sensation
5 Unskinny Bop--Poison
6 Cradle of Love--Billy Idol
7 Jerk Out--The Time
8 King of Wishful Thinking--Go West
9 Do Me!--Bell Biv DeVoe
10 Rub You the Right Way--Johnny Gill

Singles entering the chart were Policy of Truth by Depeche Mode (#60); Giving You the Benefit by Pebbles (#65); Summer Vacation by the Party (#68); This is the Right Time by Lisa Stansfield (#75); I Won't Give Up on You by TKA (#80); and Holding My Heart by Bang (#85).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Across the River--Bruce Hornsby (2nd week at #1)
2 Vision of Love--Mariah Carey
3 The Emperor's New Clothes--Sinead O'Connor
4 When I'm Back on My Feet Again--Michael Bolton
5 Just Came Back--Colin James
6 King of Wishful Thinking--Go West
7 Joey--Concrete Blonde
8 All the Lovers in the World--Gowan
9 She Ain't Worth It--Glenn Medeiros featuring Bobby Brown
10 Release Me--Wilson Phillips

Singles entering the chart were Girl with a Problem by the Northern Pikes (#57); Untouched by the Partland Brothers (#59); Epic by Faith No More (#66); New Language by The Pursuit of Happiness (#73); Close to You by Maxi Priest (#75); Edge of the World by Marc Jordan (#78); Are You Sending by Scott Merritt (#86); Can't Stop by After 7 (#96); and While My Guitar Gently Weeps by the Jeff Healey Band (#97).

Died on this date
B.F. Skinner, 86. U.S. psychologist. Dr. Skinner became an atheist when he was young as a result of an emotional reaction he had to something a Christian teacher told him about Hell, and his atheism influenced Dr. Skinner to become a "radical behaviourist," believing that human will was an illusion and that people behaved on the basis of reinforcement, which he called operant conditioning. His best known books were the utopian novel Walden Two (1948) and Beyond Freedom and Dignity (1971). A 2002 survey revealed Dr. Skinner as the most influential psychologist of the 20th century, which speaks volumes about psychology (and the 20th century).

Grethe Ingmann, 52. Danish singer. Mrs. Ingmann, born Grethe Clemmensen, was married to guitarist Jorgen Ingmann, who was best known for his hit single Apache (1961). As a couple, they won the 1963 Eurovision Song Contest with the song Dansevise (Dancing tune). Mrs. Ingmann died of cancer.

Crime
Three teenage Negro boys were convicted in New York City of rape, assault, and other charges relating to the April 1989 beating of a 28-year-old female investment banker who was jogging through Central Park when she was attacked by a gang of young Negro men.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Det vackraste--Cecilia Vennersten (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Country House--Blur

Defense
Just a week after winning a court case against The Citadel and four days after being admitted as the first female cadet to the defense academy in South Carolina, Shannon Faulkner announced that she was leaving the school, and said she saw no point in "killing myself just for the political point." 35 of 592 cadets dropped out during the first week.

Football
CFL
Ottawa (2-6) 11 @ Shreveport (3-6) 61
British Columbia (7-2) 6 @ Winnipeg (3-5) 11
Birmingham (5-3) 31 @ Calgary (7-1) 28
Saskatchewan (1-7) 13 @ Edmonton (6-3) 32

Martin Patton and Robert Cobb each rushed for 2 touchdowns as the Pirates routed the Rough Riders before 11,554 fans at the Independence Bowl.

Reggie Slack completed a 20-yard pass to Gerald Wilcox late in the 1st quarter for the game's only touchdown as the Blue Bombers defeated the Lions before 22,769 fans at Winnipeg Stadium in a game that was hampered by thunderstorms.

Matt Dunigan's 1-yard touchdown pass to Eddie Britton in the last minute of regulation time gave the Barracudas their win over the Stampeders before 25,129 fans at McMahon Stadium, ending the Stampeders' 27-game home winning streak. The winning touchdown came after Calgary backup quarterback Jeff Garcia had completed a 3-yard TD pass to Dave Sapunjis with 1:29 remaining. Calgary starting quarterback Doug Flutie passed 30,000 yards passing for his CFL career.

Chris Vargas threw 2 touchdown passes to Shalon Baker and 1 each to Nick Mazzoli and Lucius Floyd to lead the Eskimos over the Roughriders before 30,204 fans at Commonwealth Stadium.

10 years ago
2005

Crime
In Wichita, Kansas, District Judge Greg Waller sentenced BTK serial killer Dennis Rader to 10 consecutive life terms in prison for 10 murders in the area around Wichita from 1974-1991.

Energy
A large power blackout hit the Indonesian island of Java, affecting almost 100 million people in the one of the largest and most widespread power outages in history.

Football
CFL
Calgary (4-4) 40 @ Montreal (4-4) 37