August 23, 2015

250 years ago
1765

War
The Burmese–Siamese War began when a 20,000-strong northern Burmese army invaded northern Siam.

240 years ago
1775

Politics and government
King George III delivered his Proclamation of Rebellion to the Court of St. James', stating that the American colonies had proceeded to a state of open and avowed rebellion against Britain.

125 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Harry Frank Guggenheim. U.S. philanthropist, diplomat, and publisher. Mr. Guggenheim, the son of mining magnate Daniel Guggenheim, financed Robert Goddard's private research into liquid fuel rocketry and space flight; became president of the Daniel Guggenheim Fund for the Promotion of Aeronautics in 1926; and served on the National Advisory Committee of Aeronautics (1929-1938). He served as U.S. Ambassador to Cuba (1929-1933), and with his then-wife Alicia Patterson, founded the Long Island newspaper Newsday in 1940, serving as its publisher until 1967. Mr. Guggenheim died of cancer on January 22, 1971 at the age of 80.

Canadiana
Moncton, New Brunswick officially became a city.

110 years ago
1905

Born on this date
Constant Lambert. U.K. composer and conductor. Mr. Lambert was appointed in 1931 as the conductor and founding musical director of the Vic-Wells ballet, which later became the Royal Ballet. His compositions included the cantata The Rio Grande (1925); a piano concerto (1931); and the choral masque Summer's Last Will and Testament (1936). Mr. Lambert drank himself to death on August 21, 1951, two days before his 46th birthday.

75 years ago
1940

War
German forces completed their first mass nighttime air raid on London. Nationalist forces in China ended an eight-month lull in fighting by attacking Japanese forces at three points in northern China, severing railroad lines.

Diplomacy
The U.S. State Department delivered a note warning Japan to halt its aggression in Asia.

Defense
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt asked that Congress enact a military conscription bill within two weeks.

Politics and government
Roberto M. Ortiz submitted his resignation as President of Argentina, several weeks after delegating his powers to Vice President Ramón Castillo. Mr. Ortiz had recently fallen seriously ill with diabetes.

Medicine
The British Medical Journal reported successful experimentation with a bacillus for an anti-tuberculosis vaccination.

70 years ago
1945

Died on this date
Leo Borchard, 46. Russian-born German orchestra conductor. Mr. Borchard conducted the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra from 1933 until he was banned by the Nazi regime in 1935. He was with the anti-Nazi resistance during World War II, and resumed conducting the Berlin Philharmonic within a few weeks of the war's end. Mr. Borchard was fatally shot just before midnight by an American sentry at a military checkpoint in Berlin when his British chauffeur misinterpreted the sentry's hand signal to stop. The driver and Mr. Borchard's partner Ruth Andreas-Friedrich survived.

War
U.S.S.R. dictator Josef Stalin proclaimed complete Soviet victory in Manchuria and occupation of the entire territory. The USSR State Defense Committee issues Decree no. 9898cc "About Receiving, Accommodation, and Labor Utilization of the Japanese Army Prisoners of War." U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur ordered Japanese planes grounded; removal of all explosives from ships; and clearance of mine fields. Tokyo radio reports claimed that Allied bombing had wiped out 44 Japanese cities, with nearly 10 million people killed. U.K. Prime Minister Clement Attlee told the House of Commons that arrangements were complete for a British commander to accept the Japanese surrender in Hong Kong. U.S. President Harry Truman said that he was awaiting advice from the war and navy secretaries before deciding on a public trial to fix responsibility for the disaster when Japanese forces bombed the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on December 7, 1941.

World events
American, British, and French forces moved into their occupation zones in Vienna.

Diplomacy
Both houses of the British Parliament ratified the United Nations Charter.

Economics and finance
U.S. Office of Price Administration chief Chester Bowles suspended price controls on mercury, aluminum, and magnesium.

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Chica Ye-Yé--Conchita Velasco (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Help!--The Beatles (4th week at #1)

Canada's top 10 (RPM)
1 I Got You Babe--Sonny and Cher
2 Don't Just Stand There--Patty Duke
3 Take Me Back--Little Anthony and the Imperials
4 You were on My Mind--We Five
5 California Girls--The Beach Boys
6 Help!--The Beatles
7 Like a Rolling Stone--Bob Dylan
8 My Name is Mud--Eddie Rambeau
9 Unchained Melody--The Righteous Brothers
10 Makin' Love--Bobby Curtola

Singles entering the chart were I Don't Want to Lose You Baby by Chad & Jeremy (#29); A Little You by Freddie and the Dreamers (#30); Heart Full of Soul by the Yardbirds (#31); Give All Your Love to Me by Gerry & the Pacemakers (#32); Eve of Destruction by Barry McGuire (#33); Summer Wind by Wayne Newton (#35); Only Sixteen by Terry Black (#36); It Ain't Me Babe by the Turtles (#37); With These Hands by Tom Jones (#38); Seven Million People by George McCannon III (#39); and I'm a Happy Man by the Jive Five (#40).

Died on this date
George Black, 92. Canadian politician. Mr. Black, a Conservative, served on the Yukon Territorial Council and served as Commissioner of the Yukon Territory from 1912-1915, before representing the territory in the Canadian House of Commons from 1921-1935 and 1940-1949. He served as Speaker of the House of Commons from 1930-1935.

Football
CFL
Calgary (3-2) 20 @ Edmonton (0-5) 4

Lovell Coleman rushed for 156 yards and 2 touchdowns as the Stampeders beat the Eskimos before 17,739 fans at Clarke Stadium. Calgary quarterback Eagle Day completed 8 of 15 passes for 112 yards.

Baseball
The Pittsburgh Pirates sold third baseman Gene Freese to the Chicago White Sox. Mr. Freese was batting .263 with no home runs and 8 runs batted in in 43 games with the Pirates in 1965.

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Sabato pomeriggio--Claudio Baglioni

#1 single in the Netherlands (Veronica Top 40): The Elephant Song--Kamahl (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K.: Can't Give You Anything (But My Love)--The Stylistics (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Fallin' in Love--Hamilton, Joe Frank and Reynolds

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Get Down Tonight--K.C. & the Sunshine Band
2 Jive Talkin'--The Bee Gees
3 Someone Saved My Life Tonight--Elton John
4 Rhinestone Cowboy--Glen Campbell
5 Why Can't We Be Friends?--War
6 Fallin' in Love--Hamilton, Joe Frank and Reynolds
7 At Seventeen--Janis Ian
8 How Sweet it Is (To Be Loved by You)--James Taylor
9 I'm Not in Love--10 C.C.
10 One of These Nights--The Eagles

Singles entering the chart were Money by Gladys Knight and the Pips (#81); Miracles by Jefferson Starship (#86); I Only Have Eyes for You by Art Garfunkel (#87); If I Could Only Win Your Love by Emmylou Harris (#88); Only You Can by Fox (#89); I Get High on You by Sly Stone (#90); Mr. Jaws by Dickie Goodman (#91); House of Strangers by Jim Gilstrap (#99); and Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain by Willie Nelson (#100).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 I'm Not in Love--10 C.C.
2 Jive Talkin'--The Bee Gees
3 Someone Saved My Life Tonight--Elton John
4 How Sweet it Is (To Be Loved by You)--James Taylor
5 (I Believe) There's Nothing Stronger than Our Love--Paul Anka with Odia Coates
6 Magic--Pilot
7 Why Can't We Be Friends?--War
8 The Rockford Files--Mike Post
9 Rhinestone Cowboy--Glen Campbell
10 Midnight Blue--Melissa Manchester

Singles entering the chart were Get Down Tonight by K.C. & the Sunshine Band (#84); New Orleans by King Biscuit Boy (#88); You Gotta Love by Matt Lucas (#91); Goodtime Sally by Copperpenny (#96); Baby Wontcha Please Come Home by Trooper (#97); It Doesn't Matter Anymore by Linda Ronstadt (#98); and Run Joey Run by David Geddes (#99).

World events
Former Greek President George Papadopoulos and two others who had been involved in the 1967 military coup were sentenced to death. The sentences were later commuted by the Greek cabinet to life imprisonment.

Football
NFL
Pre-season
Kansas City (1-2) 24 @ Detroit (1-2) 27
St. Louis (1-2) 13 Chicago (2-1) 14 @ Champaign, Illinois
Miami (3-0) 20 @ New Orleans (1-2) 10
Oakland (3-0) 22 @ Atlanta (2-1) 7
Green Bay (2-1) 10 @ Cincinnati (2-2) 27
Los Angeles (2-1) 24 @ Buffalo (1-2) 31
Minnesota (1-2) 16 @ Dallas (0-3) 13
Houston (2-1) 21 @ Denver (1-2) 27

WFL
San Antonio (3-2) 19 @ Jacksonville (2-1) 26 (OT)
Southern California (3-1) 35 @ Birmingham (2-2) 25
Memphis (2-1) 18 @ Philadelphia (2-2) 22
Shreveport (2-2) 24 @ Portland (1-3) 33
Chicago (1-3) 17 @ Hawaii (2-2) 28

Baseball
Graig Nettles drove in 4 runs with a double, triple, and home run as the New York Yankees beat the California Angels 12-4 before 15,509 fans at Shea Stadium in New York. Bobby Bonds, Ed Herrmann, and Rick Bladt also homered for New York; Mr. Bladt's homer was his first in the major leagues. Larry Gura pitched a 5-hit complete game for the win.

The Detroit Tigers hit 5 home runs, and it was the second of the game for Aurelio Rodriguez that provided the winning run as they edged the Minnesota Twins 6-5 in 12 innings before 9,052 fans at Metropolitan Stadium in Bloomington. John Wockenfuss, Willie Horton, and Tom Veryzer hit the other Detroit homers.

The Cincinnati Reds scored 8 runs in the 5th inning and 4 in the 8th as they beat the Pittsburgh Pirates 12-7 before 32,068 fans at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh. The last 7 Cincinnati runs in the 5th inning were unearned because of an error by Pittsburgh second baseman Rennie Stennett on a ground ball that should have been the third out of the inning.

The Houston Astros blew a 9-0 lead, but managed to beat the Chicago Cubs 14-12 before 17,391 fans at Wrigley Field in Chicago. The Cubs scored 6 runs in the bottom of the 7th to cut the lead to 9-6, but the Astros scored 5 runs in the top of the 8th, only to have the Cubs score another 6 in the bottom of the 8th. Jose Cruz drove in 5 runs with a single, double, and home run; the 21-hit Houston total included 4 each from Wilbur Howard and Cesar Cedeno. Pinch hitter Champ Summers got Chicago on the scoreboard in the 7th with his first major league home run--a grand slam.

The San Francisco Giants scored 2 runs in the bottom of the 9th inning to defeat the New York Mets 2-1 before 8,060 fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco. Gary Thomasson led off the bottom of the 9th with a double, at which point Skip Lockwood relieved New York starting pitcher Jerry Koosman. Mr. Thomasson stole third base, and after Gary Matthews lined out to right field, Willie Montanez doubled home Mr. Thomasson with the tying run. Chris Speier was then walked intentionally, and Tom Hall releived Mr. Lockwood. Pinch hitter Bobby Murcer drew a base on balls to load the bases, and Mike Sadek drew another base on balls to force Mr. Montanez home with the winning run, ending the game. Del Unser's home run in the 4th inning had held up for a 1-0 New York lead until then. Gary Lavelle pitched the 9th inning for the Giants and was the winning pitcher, after John Montefusco had allowed just 2 hits and 1 earned run in 8 innings.

Errors by catcher Barry Foote and pitcher Steve Rogers contributed to 2 runs in the bottom of the 3rd inning as the Los Angeles Dodgers defeated the Montreal Expos 3-1 in the first game of a twi-night doubleheader before 35,050 fans at Dodger Stadium. Burt Hooton allowed 7 hits and 1 earned run in 7 1/3 innings to win the pitchers' duel over Mr. Rogers, who allowed just 4 hits and 3 runs--2 earned--in pitching a complete game. The Expos scored 3 runs off relief pitcher Mike Marshall in the top of the 8th to break a 2-2 tie and win the second game 5-2. Larry Biittner and Mike Jorgensen hit solo home runs to account for the first 2 Montreal runs.

30 years ago
1985

Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): We Don't Need Another Hero (Thunderdome)--Tina Turner (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): (I'll Never Be) Maria Magdalena--Sandra

Scandal
Hans-Joachim Tiedge, the head of West German counter-intelligence, was unmasked as an East German spy.

Football
CFL
Saskatchewan (4-3) 42 @ Edmonton (3-4) 34

Roughrider quarterback Homer Jordan had the best game of his CFL career, completing 25 of 34 passes for 375 yards and 1 touchdown, while rushing 1 yard for another touchdown. Craig Ellis, who caught Mr. Jordan’s touchdown pass, rushed 19 times for 50 yards and scored twice on short runs. Denny Ferdinand picked up 79 yards on just 4 carries for the Roughriders; his 50-yard touchdown run early in the 3rd quarter, gave Saskatchewan a 25-13 lead. Dave Ridgway added 5 converts, 2 field goals, and a single. Matt Dunigan played the entire game for the Eskimos, the first of seven straight games in which he played every down at quarterback. He completed 17 of 29 passes for 282 yards and 3 touchdowns, but gave up an interception in the 4th quarter that set up Mr. Jordan’s 14-yard scoring pass to Mr. Ellis, giving the Roughriders a 42-27 lead after the convert. Mr. Dunigan also rushed 12 times for 128 yards and a touchdown. Brian Kelly caught 3 passes for 95 yards--giving him 428 career receptions, 2 more than Tom Scott's club record--and caught 2 of Mr. Dunigan’s touchdown passes, while Neil Lumsden caught a 5-yard touchdown pass on the last play of the game. Tom Dixon added 4 converts and 2 field goals. 45,894 fans at Commonwealth Stadium saw the Eskimos cut the deficit from 25-13 early in the 3rd quarter to 28-27 early in the 4th. However, just when it seemed as though the Eskimos would complete the comeback, Jeff Treftlin fumbled a punt at his own 54-yard line, and Saskatchewan’s Scott Redl recovered, setting up Mr. Jordan’s touchdown. The Eskimos made major changes on defense after this game. The 3-4 alignment that they had been using since the beginning of the 1984 season was scrapped in favour of the more traditional 4-3. Defensive tackle Skip Hamilton was cut, replaced by James Zachery. Other changes were made in time for the Labour Day game in Calgary on September 2.



Baseball
The New York Mets released relief pitcher Joe Sambito. Mr. Sambito played with the Houston Astros from 1976-1984 and had once been one of the top relievers in baseball, but his last three seasons there had been ruined by arm problems. In 8 games with the Mets in 1985, he had a record of 0-0, allowing 21 hits and 8 bases on balls in 11 innings, with an earned run average of 12.66.

Joaquin Andujar of the St. Louis Cardinals became the major leagues’ first 20-game winner of 1985, beating the Atlanta Braves 6-2 before 19,958 fans at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium.

The Los Angeles Dodgers scored 4 runs in each of the 6th and 7th innings as they beat the Montreal Expos 8-4 before 21,124 fans at Olympic Stadium in Montreal. Pedro Guerrero's grand slam accounted for the Los Angeles runs in the 6th inning. Andres Galarraga made his major league debut with the Expos, striking out as a pinch hitter in the bottom of the 8th and making a putout in the field at first base in the 9th.



The Toronto Blue Jays swept a twi-night doubleheader from the Chicago White Sox 6-3 and 10-3 before 22,021 fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago. Jesse Barfield had 2 singles and a double for Toronto in the first game. Tom Filer pitched 5 innings to get the win, improving his 1985 record to 7-0. Toronto catcher Gary Allenson batted 0 for 4 in the 416th and last game of his 7-year major league career. Lloyd Moseby had 2 singles and a triple for the Blue Jays in the second game. Jim Acker pitched 4 innings of relief for Toronto to get the win, while Toronto starting pitcher Ron Musselman allowed 5 hits and 3 earned runs in 4+ innings in the 48th and last game of his 4-year major league career.

The Detroit Tigers scored 3 runs in each of the first 2 innings to take a 6-0 lead, but the California Angels scored 2 in the 6th and then 5 with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th to win 7-6 before 39,932 fans at Anaheim Stadium. The last 2 runs were unearned as the result of errors by Detroit center fielder Kirk Gibson and third baseman Tom Brookens. The game ended when Brian Downing came to bat with the bases loaded, and Mr. Brookens booted his ground ball, allowing Gary Pettis to score the winning run.

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Put 'Em Under Pressure--The Republic of Ireland Football Squad (13th week at #1)

Died on this date
David Rose, 80. U.K.-born U.S. songwriter and composer. Mr. Rose won four Emmy Awards for his compositions for television programs, but was best known for the single The Stripper, which reached #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 pop chart in July 1962.

World events
Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein sparked a storm of outrage when he appeared on television with a group of western--mainly British--hostages and told them that they had been detained to prevent war and that Iraq wanted to see that they were safe.

The East German parliament voted 294-62 to set October 3 as the date for reunification with West Germany. Under the West German constitution, any former German territory could declare its wish to unify, and the West German parliament was not required to take any action. The October date would fall about two months before scheduled all-German elections.

The Armenian parliament voted 183-2 to declare the republic’s independence from the U.S.S.R. and also claimed control over the disputed area Nagorno-Karabakh, located within the republic of Azerbaijan.

Economics and finance
The U.S. dollar was trading at 1.56 deutschemarks, the lowest since the mark was introduced in 1948. Meanwhile, the Dow Jones industrial average closed at 2483.42, a 14% drop over three weeks.

Baseball
The Toronto Blue Jays scored an unearned run in the bottom of the 9th inning to defeat the Boston Red Sox 4-3 before 49,918 fans in the first game of a four-game series at SkyDome in Toronto. With 1 out in the inning, Mookie Wilson singled. Boston pitcher Joe Hesketh picked him off first base, but the throw was wild, and Mr. Wilson made it to third base. Tony Fernandez was intentionally walked, and Jeff Gray came in to relieve Mr. Hesketh. Kelly Gruber then hit into a fielder's choice, with Mr. Wilson beating the throw home for the winning run to end the game. The win moved the Blue Jays to within 1 game of the American League East Division-leading Red Sox.

20 years ago
1995

Died on this date
Alfred Eisenstaedt, 96. German-born U.S. photojournalist. Mr. Eisenstaedt began his career in Germany, but moved to the United States in 1935, and joined Life magazine a year later, remaining there during its entire run as a weekly magazine from 1936-1972. He photographed 90 covers and 2,500 stories for Life.

Football
CFL
Ottawa (2-7) 16 @ Saskatchewan (2-7) 31

Warrren Jones and Darren Joseph rushed for touchdowns and Aaron Ruffin returned an interception 73 yards for another TD as the Roughriders defeated the Rough Riders before 21,615 fans at Taylor Field in Regina.

10 years ago
2005

Died on this date
Brock Peters, 78. U.S. actor. Mr. Peters, born George Fisher, was best known for playing Tom Robinson in the movie To Kill a Mockingbird (1962). His other movies included Heavens Above! (1963); The Pawnbroker (1965); Soylent Green (1973); Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986); and Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country (1991).

World events
Israeli forces evicted militant holdouts from two Jewish settlements, completing a historic withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and part of the West Bank.