August 28, 2015

450 years ago
1565

Americana
Spanish explorer Pedro Menéndez de Avilés sighted land near St. Augustine, Florida and founded the oldest continuously occupied European-established city in the continental United States.

375 years ago
1640

War
King Charles I's English army lost to a Scottish Covenanter force at the Battle of Newburn in England.

170 years ago
1845

Journalism
The first issue of Scientific American was published.

125 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Lawrence Moore Cosgrave. Canadian military officer and diplomat. Colonel Cosgrave, a native of Toronto, served with the Canadian Army in World War I, and was blinded in one eye. He served with the Canadian Trade and Commerce Department between the world wars, and was Canadian Military Attache to Australia, for the South West Pacific Area, during World War II. Col. Cosgrave was the Canadian representative at the official surrender of Japan, and signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender on behalf of Canada aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay. He worked for the Canadian Commrece Department after the war, holding various consular posts. Col. Cosgrave died in Knowlton, Quebec on July 28, 1971, a month before his 81st birthday.

75 years ago
1940

War
U.K. Royal Air Force bombers struck Berlin, killing civilians there for the first time. Italian planes bombed Port Said, Saudi Arabia for the first time. The Chinese government in Chungking announced that it would send troops into Indochina should Japanese forces enter the country under any pretext.

Diplomacy
German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler presided over an Axis conference at Berchtesgaden to plan a settlement of the dispute between Hungary and Romania.

Politics and government
Japanese Prime Minister Prince Fumimaro Konoe announced the basic principles of the new national totalitarian structure aimed at solidifying the control by the present regime.

Chinese Communist politician Chou En-lai returned to Chungking from Yenan to continue negotiations for cooperation between the Kuomintang and Communist parties.

The Argentine cabinet of President Roberto Ortiz resigned in order to facilitate a government reorganization.

Agriculture
Australia reported widespread drought, which threatened the country's entire agricultural economy.

Baseball
Ray Brown of the Homestead Grays pitched a 3-hitter in blanking the Baltimore Elite Giants for his 27th consecutive win in the Negro National League stretching back to the previous year.

70 years ago
1945

War
Japanese envoys signed a preliminary surrender to the British in Rangoon for troops in southeast Asia. Japanese forces surrendered to Allied forces on Cebu Island, Philippines.



Diplomacy
French leader General Charles de Gaulle arrived in Ottawa for talks with Canadian Prime Minister Mackenzie King.

Assistant U.S. Secretary of State for American Republics Spruille Braden accused the Argentine government of President Juan Peron of brutality and intimidation against its citizens.

Politics and government
Escorted by U.S. Ambassador to China Patrick Hurley, Chinese Communist leader Mao Tse-tung arrived in Chungking and said he hoped that Chinese unity could be achieved.

Defense
The U.S. War Department told a House of Representatives Committee that it would reduce its personnel from the present 8.05 million to 2.5 million by July 1, 1946.

60 years ago
1955

Died on this date
Emmett Till, 14. U.S. murder victim. Emmett Till was a Negro youth from Chicago who was visiting relatives in Money, Mississippi when he was accused of whistling at Carolyn Bryant, 21, a married white woman. Early the next morning, Mrs. Bryant's husband Roy and his half-brother J.W. Milam invaded the home of Emmett's great-uncle Mose Wright and kidnapped the boy. He was taken to a barn, savagely beaten, and dropped into the Tallahatchie River, where his body was found three days later. The murder of Emmett Till was a major event in the history of the American civil rights movement.

Football
CRU
IRFU
Toronto Argonauts' intrasquad game 2
Blue 30 White 5

Wilford White caught a 53-yard touchdown pass and added 4 converts and a single on a kickoff as Blue routed White before 3,500 fans at Maple Leaf Stadium.

NFL
Pre-season
Los Angeles 23 New York 17 (OT) @ Portland, Oregon

The Rams scored a touchdown to defeat the Giants at Multnomah Stadium to win the first NFL game ever to be decided in sudden-death overtime.

50 years ago
1965

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Help!/I'm Down--The Beatles (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in France: Mes Mains Sur Tes Hanches--Salvatore Adamo (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Il mondo--Jimmy Fontana (6th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Il Silenzio--Nini Rosso (8th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Help!--The Beatles (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): I Got You Babe--Sonny and Cher

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): I Got You Babe--Sonny and Cher (3rd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Help!--The Beatles
2 I Got You Babe--Sonny and Cher
3 California Girls--The Beach Boys
4 Like a Rolling Stone--Bob Dylan
5 Unchained Melody--The Righteous Brothers
6 Down in the Boondocks--Billy Joe Royal
7 It's the Same Old Song--Four Tops
8 Papa's Got a Brand New Bag (Part 1)--James Brown and the Famous Flames
9 Nothing But Heartaches--The Supremes
10 Baby, I'm Yours--Barbara Lewis

Singles entering the chart were Ride Away by Roy Orbison (#59); Baby Don't Go by Sonny and Cher (#67); You've Got Your Troubles by the Fortunes (#75); With These Hands by Tom Jones (#76); I'm Yours (#79)/(It's A) Long Lonely Highway (#96) by Elvis Presley; Mohair Sam by Charlie Rich (#81); N-E-R-V-O-U-S! by Ian Whitcomb and Bluesville (#82); Do You Believe in Magic? by the Lovin' Spoonful (#83); Two Different Worlds by Lenny Welch (#84); Too Hot to Hold by Major Lance (#86); Can't Let You Out of My Sight by Chuck Jackson and Maxine Brown (#87); Soul Heaven by Dixie Drifter (#89); 3rd Man Theme (#90)/Taste of Honey (#100) by Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass; You're the Reason by Gerry & the Pacemakers (#91); You Can't Be True, Dear by Patty Duke (#92); Just You by Sonny & Cher (#95); Roundabout by Connie Francis (#97); Liar, Liar by the Castaways (#98); Love is Strange by the Everly Brothers (#99); and These Hands (Small But Mighty) by Bobby Bland (also #100). You're the Reason was the B-side of Give All Your Love to Me, charting at #70.

Music
The Beatles continued their North American tour with a concert at Balboa Stadium in San Diego.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (3-1) 11 @ Calgary (4-2) 18

Lovell Coleman rushed for 138 yards, including a 34-yard touchdown to provide the winning margin for the Stampeders in the 4th quarter as they defeated the Tiger-Cats before 18,800 fans at McMahon Stadium.

40 years ago
1975

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): I Can't Give You Anything (But My Love)--The Stylistics

Football
NFL
Pre-season
Cincinnati (2-3) 20 @ Philadelphia (3-1) 30

Baseball
Bobby Bonds hit a 2-run home run off Ken Holtzman with 2 out in the bottom of the 8th inning to give the New York Yankees a 3-2 win over the Oakland Athletics before 16,477 fans at Shea Stadium in New York. Mr. Holtzman allowed just 3 hits in pitching a complete game and taking the loss, while winning pitcher Pat Dobson allowed just 8 hits in 3 innings, and relief pitcher Tippy Martinez pitched a hitless 9th to get the save. Billy Williams hit a 2-run homer for Oakland in the 4th inning.

Mike Cuellar pitched a 5-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Wilbur Wood, who pitched a 6-hit complete game as the Baltimore Orioles edged the Chicago White Sox 2-1 before 10,459 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore. Mr. Cuellar was 1 out away from a 3-hit shutout when Pat Kelly tripled and scored on a single by Jorge Orta before Ken Henderson grounded into a force play to end the game.

Don Gullett pitched a 5-hitter to iprove his 1975 record to 11-3 as the Cincinnati Reds shut out the St. Louis Cardinals 4-0 before 30,345 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. Cincinnati shortstop Darrel Chaney hit his second home run of the season to lead off the bottom of the 5th inning, opening the scoring.

The San Diego Padres scored 5 runs in the bottom of the 4th inning to take a 7-2 lead, only to have the Montreal Expos respond with 4 runs in the 5th and 3 in the 6th as they beat the Padres 10-8 before 6,059 fans at San Diego Stadium. Montreal first baseman Nate Colbert batted 3 for 5 with a double and home run, 3 runs, and 2 runs batted in against his former team.

30 years ago
1985

Died on this date
Ruth Gordon, 88. U.S. actress and screenwriter. Miss Gordon was a successful Broadway actress who also acted in movies and won the Academy Award for her supporting performance in Rosemary's Daughter (1968), and was also known for her co-starring role in Harold and Maude (1971). With her second husband, Garson Kanin, she was nominated for Academy Awards for screenplays for A Double Life (1947); Adam's Rib (1949); and Pat and Mike (1952). She died from a stroke.

Crime
An East German couple, Reinhard and Sonja Schulze of Cranford, Middlesex, England, appeared in a London courtroom to face charges of espionage.

25 years ago
1990

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Jos haluu saada--MC Nikke T (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Larry Jackson, 59. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Jackson played with the St. Louis Cardinals (1955-1962); Chicago Cubs (1963-1966); and Philadelphia Phillies (1966-1968), posting a record of 194-183 with an earned run average of 3.40 in 558 games. His best season was 1964, when he led the National League with 24 wins. Mr. Jackson served four terms as a Republican member of the Idaho state legislature, and died of cancer.

World events
Iraq declared recently-invaded Kuwait to be its newest province.

Protest
The Canadian Armed Forces offered a 24-hour grace period to Mohawks at the Kanasetake reserve at Oka, Quebec to dismantle barricades.

Disasters
A tornado cut a 700-foot-wide swath across towns and cornfields in Illinois 35 miles southwest of Chicago. Following an eight-mile course through Plainfield, Crest Hill, and Joliet, the tornado killed 29 people and injured 353. 50 houses and 500 apartments were destroyed. Some victims dies when the tornado’s vacuum lifted them into the sky and dropped them into nearby fields.

Football
CFL
British Columbia (2-5-1) 34 @ Ottawa (2-6) 41
Calgary (5-2-1) 37 @ Winnipeg (6-2) 39 (OT)

Damon Allen threw for 288 yards and 3 touchdowns as the Rough Riders ended a 4-game losing streak. Stephen Jones caught 2 of Mr. Allen’s touchdown tosses, with the other going to Stacey Dawsey. Gregg Stumon scored Ottawa’s other touchdown on a 21-yard interception return. The Rough Riders led 41-11 after the 3rd quarter before the Lions mounted a furious comeback behind Joe Paopao, at quarterback in relief of ineffective starter Doug Flutie. Mr. Flutie completed just 12 of 26 passes for 182 yards and 2 interceptions, but Mr. Paopao completed 20 of 33 for 313 yards and 4th-quarter touchdowns to Larry Willis, Lorenzo Graham, and Emanuel Tolbert. Kennard Martin scored B.C.’s first touchdown on a 1-yard rush on the first play of the second quarter. Ray Alexander of the Lions led all receivers with 9 receptions for 154 yards, while Mr. Willis contributed 130 on 6 catches. 22,450 were in attendance at Lansdowne Park.



Mark McLoughlin was wide on a 31-yard field goal attempt with 4 seconds remaining in the 2nd overtime period, and the resulting single point left the Stampeders 2 points short. Winnipeg had tied the game with 23 seconds remaining in the 4th quarter on a 23-yard touchdown pass from backup quarterback Danny McManus to James Murphy, converted by Trevor Kennerd. It was the second touchdown pass from Mr. McManus to Mr. Murphy in the 4th quarter. Mr. Kennerd provided the winning margin with a 16-yard field goal--his sixth field goal of the game--with 1:38 remaining in the second overtime period. Calgary quarterback Danny Barrett completed 3 touchdown passes, all to Derrick Crawford, who caught 8 passes for 193 yards. Backup quarterback Terrence Jones threw 6 yards to Darrell Wallace for Calgary’s other touchdown. Tom Burgess started at quarterback for the Blue Bombers and threw a touchdown pass to Rick House in the 1st quarter. Attendance at Winnipeg Stadium was 28,480.

Baseball
Ryne Sandberg became the first major league second baseman to post consecutive seasons of 30 or more home runs as he homered to help the Chicago Cubs beat the Houston Astros 5-2 before 12,150 fans at the Astrodome. Greg Maddux pitched an 8-hit complete game victory.

20 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy: The Colour Inside--Ti.Pi.Cal. (10th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Play this Song--2 Fabiola

#1 single in Norway (VG-lista): A Kind of Christmas Card--Morten Harket (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Germany (Media Control): Scatman's World--Scatman John (3rd week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Only Wanna Be with You--Hootie & the Blowfish (2nd week at #1)
2 Kiss from a Rose--Seal
3 I'll Be There for You--The Rembrandts
4 Can't Cry Anymore--Sheryl Crow
5 Somebody's Crying--Chris Isaak
6 This Ain't a Love Song--Bon Jovi
7 Misery--Soul Asylum
8 A Higher Place--Tom Petty
9 Waterfalls--TLC
10 Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me, Kill Me--U2

Singles entering the chart were Guns and God by Lawrence Gowan (#80); Twisted Vehicle by She Stole My Beer (#84); I'm Shattered by Barney Bentall (#85); No More Walking Away by Kim Mitchell (#89); Fall Away by My Brilliant Beast (#92); Side of the Road by Blue Rodeo (#93); J.A.R. by Green Day (#94); Stuck in the Middle with You by the Jeff Healey Band (#95); Carnival by Natalie Merchant (#96); and I Walked by Wanderlust (#98).

Business
New York City-based banks Chase Manhattan Corporation and Chemical Banking Corporation announced that they would merge. The new corporation, retaining the Chase Manhattan name, would have assets of $297 billion, $40 billion more than Citicorp, then the largest U.S. bank.

10 years ago
2005

Disasters
New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin ordered everyone in the city to evacuate ahead of Hurricane Katrina.