September 21, 2020

850 years ago
1170

War
English and Irish forces conquered Dublin, forcing Ascall mac Ragnaill, the last Norse-Gaelic king of Dublin, into exile.

425 years ago
1595

Americana
Don Juan de Oñate’s petition and contract for the conquest of New Mexico was presented to Luís de Velasco, the viceroy of Nueva Vizcaya.

375 years ago
1645

Born on this date
Louis Jolliet. Canadian explorer. Mr. Jolliet, who was born near Quebec City, was known for his expedition with Jesuit priest Jacques Marquette in 1673, when they became the first non-Natives to explore and map the Mississippi River. Mr. Jolliet explored the coast of Labrador in 1694, and left for Anicosti Island in northern New France in May 1700, but he disappeared from the historical record by the time a mass was said on his behalf on September 15, 1600, shortly before he would have turned 55.

275 years ago
1745

War
Jacobite troops led by Charles Edward Stuart defeated Hanoverian forces in the Battle of Prestonpans in Scotland.

180 years ago
1840

Born on this date
Murad V. Ottoman Sultan, 1876. Murad V succeeded to the throne of the Ottoman Empire upon the death of his uncle Abdülaziz. Murad V was deposed after 93 days and replaced by Abdülhamid II. Sultan Murad V died on August 29, 1904, 23 days before his 64th birthday.

160 years ago
1860

Born on this date
Wilson Kettle. Newfoundland mariner. Captain Kettle, a native of Grand Bay, was a mariner and fisherman who died on January 25, 1963 at the age of 102, leaving a world record 582 living descendants.

Died on this date
Arthur Schopenhauer, 72. German philosopher. Mr. Schopenhauer believed that the world was driven by a will continually seeking satisfaction. His best-known book was Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung (The World as Will and Representation) (1819). Those influenced by Mr. Schopenhauer included Friedrich Nietzsche, Richard Wagner, Thomas Mann, Albert Einstein, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Leo Tolstoy, and Joseph Campbell.

War
An Anglo-French force defeated Chinese troops in the Battle of Palikao in the Second Opium War.

140 years ago
1880

Died on this date
Manuel Montt, 71. 5th President of Chile, 1851-1861. Mr. Montt, a member of the Conservative Party until 1857 and the National Party thereafter, held various offices, including Minister of the Interior and Foreign Affairs (1840-1841, 1845-1846) and President of the Supreme Court (1850-1851) before winning two consecutive presidential elections. He was Chile's first civilian President, and instituted some reforms while still representing the country's conservative oligarchy. After serving two five-year terms as President, Mr. Montt resumed the presidency of the Supreme Court, serving until his death, 17 days after his 71st birthday. His son Pedro and nephew Jorge later served as President.

130 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Max Immelmann. German military aviator. Oberleutnant Immelmann was the first German flying ace during World War I. He was credited with 15 victories before being shot down and killed in a battle with the British Royal Air Force at the age of 25 on June 18, 1916.

Charles William Train. U.K. soldier. Sergeant Train was a corporal with the British Army at the time he engaged enemy forces near Jerusalem on December 8, 1917, killing or wounding all the enemy troops, thus earning the Victoria Cross. He died in Vancouver, British Columbia on March 28, 1965 at the age of 74.

110 years ago
1910

Born on this date
Meinrad Schütter. Swiss composer. Mr. Schütter wrote a symphony, the opera Medea, and other orchestral, choral, and chamber works. He died on January 12, 2006 at the age of 95.

90 years ago
1930

At the movies
The Sea Wolf, directed by Alfred Santell, and starring Milton Sills, Jane Keith, and Raymond Hackett, opened in theatres, six days after Mr. Sills' death from a heart attack.

Football
NFL
Newark (0-3) 6 @ Staten Island (1-0) 12
Chicago Cardinals (0-1) 0 @ Green Bay (1-0) 14
Brooklyn (0-0-1) 0 @ Chicago Bears (0-0-1) 0

80 years ago
1940

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): I'll Never Smile Again--Tommy Dorsey and His Orchestra (vocal refrain by Frank Sinatra and the Pied Pipers) (9th week at #1)

Radio
Dr. Edward Armstrong received a patent for a new FM transmitting system which increased fidelity to new peak levels.

War
British planes bombed the Norwegian coast from Trondheim to Namsos. Bulgarian forces occupied Souther Dobruja.

The Mexican government sent federal troops into the state of Chihuahua to crush a rebel uprising.

Defense
French authorites refused Japan the right to military bases in the state of Tonkin.

Politics and government
The United Australia Party-Country Party coalition, led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies, won a plurality of seats in the House of Representatives and a majority in the Senate in the Australian federal election. The coalition won 36 of 74 seats in the House, 2 short of a majority, with 23 of the 36 going to the UAP. The Labour Party, led by John Curtin, won 32 seats, while a faction of the Labour Party following the leadership of former New South Wales Premier John Lang took 4 seats, with 2 independent candidates being elected. The coalition won 16 of the 19 Senate seats up for election, and now held 19 of 36 seats.



Congo, Togoland, and Dahomey reported their opposition to the French government of Marshal Philippe Pétain.

Four members of the Saadist Party resigned their posts in the Egyptian cabinet of Prime Minister Hassan Sabry Pasha.

Crime
Marc de Tristan, Jr., the 3-year-old son of Count and Countess Marc de Tristan, was kidnapped in Hillsborough, California, and a $100,000 ransom was demanded.

Horse racing
The world's first triple dead heat for first place was recorded at Willow's Park in Victoria, British Columbia; it was the first three way photo finish in a horse race.

Baseball
Schoolboy Rowe pitched a shutout to earn his 16th win of the season as the Detroit Tigers blanked the Cleveland Indians 5-0 before 42,230 fans at Briggs Stadium in Detroit to take a 2-game lead over the Indians in the American League pennant race.

75 years ago
1945

World events
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP) in Japan General Douglas MacArthur ordered the arrest of Lieutenant General Kenji Doihara, known as "Lawrence of Manchuria," for his reputed undercover work preparatory to the Japanese conquest of Manchuria.

Defense
A purported suggestion by U.S. Commerce Secretary Henry Wallace that the stomic bomb secret be given to the U.S.S.R. was said to have been discussed by the cabinet of President Harry Truman.

Politics and government
The Working Committee of the All-India Congress Party adopted a resolution demanding independence for India, Burma, Malaya, Indochina, and the Indonesian Islands.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Social Security Board reported that claims for unemployment insurance had reached 1,479,606 in the seek ending September 15, 1945.

70 years ago
1950

War
U.S. President Harry Truman told a news conference that the United Nations rather than the United States must decid whether to pursue North Korean forces beyond the 38th Parallel.

Defense
General George Marshall took office as U.S. Defense Secretary, following his confirmation by the Senate. In his first speech in office, Gen. Marshall urged congressional approval for universal military training.

60 years ago
1960

Economics and finance
Canada announced that it would grant $22,100,000 over 10 years to an international fund to develop the Indus River in Pakistan.

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): In the Summertime--The Mixtures (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Tegami--Saori Yuki (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): In the Summertime--Mungo Jerry (2nd week at #1)

On the radio
The Challenge of Space, on Springbok Radio
Tonight’s episode: The Generation Gap

On television tonight
Monday Night Football made its debut on ABC, with the on-air crew consisting of Keith Jackson, Don Meredith, and Howard Cosell.

Space
The Soviet probe Luna 16 left the Moon to return to Earth after scooping up samples of lunar soil and rocks.

War
American military units in the United States and Europe were placed on alert after an appeal from Jordan for help in her civil war against Palestinian guerrillas. The American move seemed designed as a show of force to increase the pressure on Syria to end her intervention and as a warning to other militant Arab states contemplating intervention. Meanwhile, commandos supported by Syrian tanks captured Irbid, Jordan’s second-largest city.

Politics and government
Yugoslavian President Marshal Josip Broz Tito announced plans for the formulation of a collective leadership that would succeed him as President, but gave no indication of when the transfer of power would take place.

Health
The Center for Disease Control reported that incidences of malaria in the United States had increased almost 50% from 1968 to 1969 and that a similar sharp rise was predicted for 1969 to 1970. The Center blamed the jump on the increased number of afflicted servicemen returning from southeast Asian posts.

Economics and finance
At least 20 major banks in the United States reduced their prime interest rate on business loans to 7.5%.

Football
NFL
New York Jets (0-1) 21 @ Cleveland (1-0) 31

The Browns defeated the Jets at Cleveland Stadium in ABC's first Monday Night Football telecast ever (see video).



Baseball
Only 4,284 fans were in attendance at Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum to watch Vida Blue (2-0) pitch a no-hitter for the Oakland Athletics as they shut out the Minnesota Twins 6-0. Bert Campaneris tripled to lead off the bottom of the 1st inning and scored the winning run on a double play. Mr. Campaneris hit a 3-run home run to climax a 5-run 8th inning.

Johnny Oates led off the bottom of the 12th inning with a triple and scored on a bases-loaded single by Mark Belanger to give the Baltimore Orioles a 4-3 win over the Detroit Tigers before 5,470 fans at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore. Jim Hardin (5-5) pitched 2 scoreless innings of relief to get the win over Tom Timmermann (6-7).

The Chicago White Sox and Kansas City Royals split a doubleheader before just 672 fans at White Sox Park. The White Sox won the opener 8-4 as Bill Melton became the first White Sox player to hit 30 home runs in a season. In the second game, Jim York (1-0) made his major league debut, pitching 4.2 innings of relief to get the win as the Royals won 8-2. Mr. York allowed 3 hits and 1 run--earned--walking 1 batter and striking out 5, and batting 0 for 2.

40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Food for Thought--UB40 (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Upside Down--Diana Ross (3rd week at #1)

Politics and government
Republican Party U.S. presidential candidate Ronald Reagan and independent candidate John Anderson debated each other in Baltimore before a television audience estimated at 50 million people. The candidates disagreed on almost all issues, including abortion; tax cuts; the MX missile system; and energy.



A new 26-member civilian cabinet, including 7 retired generals, was announced in Turkey.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (4-6-1) 10 @ Montreal (6-5) 49
Ottawa (5-6) 17 @ Toronto (5-6) 41
Saskatchewan (1-10) 17 @ Edmonton (10-1) 24

Gerry Dattilio completed 17 of 23 passes for 311 yards and 5 touchdowns as the Alouettes outscored the Tiger-Cats 49-0 over the last 3 quarters before an Olympic Stadium crowd of 28,185. Keith Baker, who caught 7 passes for 138 yards, caught 3 of Mr. Dattilio’s scoring strikes, with the others going to Fred Biletnikoff and Larry Smith. Chuck McMann rushed 3 yards for the final Montreal touchdown on the last play of the game. Hamilton’s only touchdown came late in the 1st quarter on a 42-yard pass from Bruce Lemmerman to John Holland. Mr. Lemmerman completed 5 of 8 passes for 68 yards before being replaced by Dave Marler. Obie Graves of the Tiger-Cats led all rushers with 103 yards on 15 carries.

Mark Jackson, who relieved starting quarterback Tony Adams in the 2nd quarter, completed 17 of 26 passes for 232 yards and 3 touchdowns to lead the Argonauts to victory before 33,156 fans at Exhibition Stadium. Dave Newman caught 2 of Mr. Jackson’s touchdown passes, with Bob Gaddis, who led all receivers with 98 yards on 4 receptions, catching the other one. The other Toronto touchdown was scored by wide receiver Terry Greer on a 27-yard reverse. Zenon Andrusyshyn added 4 converts, 4 field goals, and a single. Terry Metcalf led the Argonauts’ rushing attack with 120 yards on 19 carries, while Ben Cowins added 61 on 14 carries. Mr. Metcalf also caught 6 passes or 51 yards. Richard Crump recovered a teammate’s fumble in the Toronto end zone for the first Ottawa touchdown and passed 20 yards to Martin Cox for the Rough Riders’ other major score.

Warren Moon completed 17 of 28 passes for 232 yards and 2 touchdowns to Brian Kelly to lead the Eskimos in front of 43,328 fans at Commonwealth Stadium. Mr. Kelly led all receivers with 5 receptions for 91 yards. John Hufnagel, who was sacked in his own end zone for a safety touch late in the 1st quarter for the game’s first points, rushed 2 yards for a touchdown early in the 2nd quarter. Mr. Hufnagel was later replaced by Joe Barnes, who passed 15 yards to Eugene Byrd for a touchdown with 45 seconds remaining in the game to make the score close. Lester Brown of the Roughriders led all rushers with 14 carries for 70 yards; he also caught 5 passes for 65.

30 years ago
1990

Died on this date
Takis Kanellopoulos, 56. Greek film director. Mr. Kanellopoulos directed 10 movies from 1960-1980.

War
Charles Taylor, leader of one of the rebel factions fighting in Liberia, declared a unilateral cease-fire.

Politics and government
U.S.S.R. President Mikhail Gorbachev asked the Supreme Soviet for sweeping new powers to govern during the transition to a market economy.

Business
Nova Corporation sold Polysar division to Bayer AG of Germany for $1.28 billion; Bayer agreed to protect 1,800 jobs in Sarnia, Ontario.

Football
CFL
Ottawa (4-8) 29 @ Edmonton (9-3) 41

Tracy Ham completed 19 of 30 passes for 363 yards and 4 touchdowns as the Eskimos amassed 595 yards net offense before a Commonwealth Stadium crowd of 30,109. Craig Ellis of the Eskimos led all receivers with 6 receptions for 205 yards and 2 touchdowns, while teammate Darrell Colbert caught 6 for 100 and 2 touchdowns. Blake Marshall, who rushed 11 times for 58 yards, ran 1 yard for the other Edmonton touchdown. Mr. Ham rushed 13 times for 88 yards. Former Eskimo quarterback Damon Allen rushed 1 yard for an Ottawa touchdown and passed to David Williams and James Ellingson for the other Rough Rider major scores. Ottawa rookie Reggie Barnes rushed 9 times for 88 yards.

25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Hard as a Rock--AC/DC

Died on this date
Rudy Perpich, 67. U.S. politician. Mr. Perpich, born Rudoph Prpic, was a member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party, and was Governor of Minnesota from 1976-1979 and 1983-1991. He was known for his efforts to promote Minnesota on the international stage. Mr. Perpich died of colon cancer.

Economics and finance
The Royal Canadian Mint issued the first Canadian $2 coins; they went into circulation on February 19, 1996.

Law
The Supreme Court of Canada struck down a seven-year-old federal ban on tobacco advertising, ruling that the law went too far and violated the industry's constitutional right to free speech.

20 years ago
2000

Law
A Quebec advisory group said that English-language signs advertising chains with trademark names (e.g., Home Depot, Burger King) didn't have to adopt French names in order to comply with the province’s language laws.

Baseball
David Wells (20-6) became the year’s first 20-game winner in the major leagues pitching a 5-hitter for the Toronto Blue Jays as they defeated the New York Yankees 3-1 before 30,074 fans at SkyDome in Toronto. Orlando Hernandez (12-12) allowed 8 hits and 3 earned runs in 7 innings to take the loss.

10 years ago
2010

Disasters
Hurricane Igor slammed into eastern Newfoundland, dumping nearly 240 millimetres of rain and causing over $150 million in damages. Military personnel were called on to respond to the state of emergency.