October 7, 2018

190 years ago
1828

War
A French expeditionary force took the city of Patras, Greece from occupying Ottoman forces.

150 years ago
1868

Academia
Cornell University opened in Ithaca, New York; the initial student enrollment was 412, the highest at any American university to that date.

130 years ago
1888

Born on this date
Henry A. Wallace. 33rd Vice President of the United States of America, 1941-1945. Mr. Wallace served as U.S. Secretary of Agriculture under President Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1933-1940 before accepting the nomination as Vice-President. He was suspected of being too liberal and friendly toward the U.S.S.R., and was replaced as Mr. Roosevelt's vice presidential nominee in the 1944 election campaign by Harry Truman. Mr. Wallace remained in the cabinet as Secretary of Commerce from 1945-1946 until he was fired by President Harry Truman over disagreements of policy toward the Soviet Union. Mr. Wallace was the presidential candidate of the Progressive Party in 1948, but his campaign was supported by, and largely taken over by, pro-Communist forces, and Mr. Wallace finished in fourth place, attracting 2.4% of the vote and winning no electoral votes. Mr. Wallace died on November 18, 1965 at the age of 77.

125 years ago
1893

Football
CRU
ORFU
Round 1 (first games of 2-game total points series)
Ottawa College 23 @ Queen's College 13
Osgoode Hall 39 @ Royal Military College 11
Ottawa Rough Riders 1 @ Toronto 32

100 years ago
1918

Born on this date
Harry V. Jaffa. U.S. political philosopher and historian. Dr. Jaffa was a neoconservative disciple of Leo Strauss, the father of neoconservatism. Dr. Jaffa's best-known book was Crisis of the House Divided: An Interpretation of the Issues in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1959). He died on January 10, 2015 at the age of 96.

Died on this date
Bun Troy, 30. German-born U.S. baseball pitcher. Robert Gustave Troy, born Bad Wurzach, pitched in 1 game with the Detroit Tigers, pitching 6 scoreless innings before allowing 4 runs in the 7th for an earned run average of 5.40, taking the loss against the Washington Nationals and Walter Johnson on September 15, 1912. He spent at least 5 years in the minor leagues, winning 23 games with the Adrian Lions of the Southern Michigan League. Mr. Troy was killed in combat while serving with the U.S. Army in the Argonne Forest in France during World War I.

Health
The influenza epidemic, brought to Canada by returning veterans from World War I, claimed its first victim in Montréal.

90 years ago
1928

Europeana
A syndicate of Paris and Strasbourg financiers bought the Republic of Andorra, in the Pyrenees between France and Spain, for the purpose of turning it into a mountain Monte Carlo.

Religion
Evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson opened a revival in London.

Disasters
Airplane crashes killed five people in Detroit, three in Denver, and one in Cincinnati.

Baseball
World Series
New York Yankees 7 @ St. Louis Cardinals 3 (New York led best-of-seven series 3-0)

Lou Gehrig hit a solo home run in the 2nd inning and a 2-run inside-the-park homer in the 4th to lead the Yankees as they came back from an early 2-0 deficit to defeat the Cardinals before 39,602 fans at Sportsman's Park.

75 years ago
1943

War
U.S.S.R. units crossed the Volkhov River and captured Kirishi, 60 miles southeast of Leningrad. The Soviet Red Army established three bridgeheads on the west bank of the Dnieper River: north of Kiev; south of Pereyaslav; and southeast of Kremenchug. Allied forces in Italy seized Capua, 20 miles north of Naples, reaching the Volturno River along a 17-mile front. The reinforced British 8th Army made gains in fierce fighting near Termoil on the Adriatic coast. U.K. Royal Navy Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten arrived in New Delhi to assume his post as Allied commander-in-chief in Southeast Asia. Niels Christensen, leader of a German spy ring that radioed news to Axis submarines of ship departures from Brazil, was sentenced with 13 associates to prison in Rio de Janeiro.

Politics and government
Former Minnesota Governor Harold Stassen, now in the U.S. Navy, entered his name in the Nebraska primary, becoming the first candidate to formally enter the race for the 1944 Republican Party U.S. presidential nomination.

Society
The U.S. House of Representatives Immigration Committee voted to report a bill repealing the Chinese Exclusion Act and granting China a quota.

Oil
U.S. Petroleum Administrator Harold Ickes ended his regulation of the operating hours of gasoline stations.

Labour
The International Association of Machinists, which had left the American Federation of Labor on May 27, returned to the organization at the convention in Boston, raising AFL membership to 6,564,141.

Baseball
World Series
St. Louis Cardinals 2 @ New York Yankees 6 (New York led best-of-seven series 2-1)

The Yankees, trailing 2-1, erupted for 5 runs in the bottom of the 8th inning to win the game before 69,990 fans at Yankee Stadium. 3 of the 6 New York runs were unearned as the result of 2 errors by St. Louis third baseman Whitey Kurowski and another by center fielder Harry Walker. Hank Borowy pitched the first 8 innings for the Yankees and was credited with the win, with Johnny Murphy pitching the 9th inning to get the save. Al Brazle pitched 7 1/3 innings for St. Louis before being knocked out of the box and relieved by Howie Krist and then Harry Brecheen.



70 years ago
1948

On television today
A live broadcast of the second game of the baseball World Series from Braves Field in Boston was shown aboard the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's Marylander passenger train travelling between Washington, D.C. and New York City, using a receiver operated by Bendix Corporation technicians.

Diplomacy
Western delegates to the United Nations Political Committee rejected the U.S.S.R.'s proposals for gradual nuclear disarmament without specific provisions for arms control and inspection.

Politics and government
The cabinet of Japanese Prime Minister Hitoshi Ashida resigned in the midst of a bribery scandal involving upper-level government officials and Showa Denko, Japan's largest chemical and fertilizer company.

A U.S. federal circuit court of appeals in Atlanta set aside Justice Hugo Black's stay of an injunction barring Representative Lyndon Johnson from the Texas ballot as the Democratic Party nominee for the U.S. Senate.

Academia
Brandeis University officially opened in Boston in a ceremony attended by university President Dr. Abram Sacher.

Baseball
World Series
Cleveland Indians 4 @ Boston Braves 1 (Best-of-seven series tied 1-1)

The Indians scored 2 runs in the 4th inning and another in the 5th as they overcame an early 1-0 deficit before 39,633 fans at Braves Field, with Bob Lemon winning the pitchers' duel over Warren Spahn.



60 years ago
1958

At the movies
The Old Man and the Sea, directed by John Sturges and starring Spencer Tracy, opened in theatres in New York City.

Space
The U.S. manned space-flight project was renamed Project Mercury. Roy Johnson, director of the U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency, announced plans "to have a man in space inside of 24 to 36 months."

Politics and government
Pakistani President Iskander Mirza proclaimed martial law throughout Pakistan, dissolved Parliament and all political parties, and annulled the constitution. He then named General Mohammed Ayub Khan, Army commander-in-chief, as administrator of a martial law government.

U.A.R. President Gamal Nasser announced the formation of a centralized 21-member cabinet to replace the dual government system formerly used to rule the Egyptian and Syrian regions of the United Arab Republic.

Law
U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower gave Judge Potter Stewart of the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals a recess appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court, replacing the retired Harold Burton.

Economics and finance
James K. Vardaman, Jr. resigned as a member of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board.

Boxing
Sonny Liston (20-1) knocked out Frankie Daniels (34-16-2) at 2:22 of the 1st round of their heavyweight bout at Miami Beach Auditorium.

50 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Koi no Kisetsu--Pinky and the Killers (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Get on Your Knees--Los Canarios (2nd week at #1)

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Hey Jude--The Beatles (2nd week at #1)
2 Fire--Arthur Brown
3 Hush--Deep Purple
4 I've Gotta Get a Message to You--The Bee Gees
5 Harper Valley P.T.A.--Jeannie C. Riley
6 Midnight Confessions--The Grass Roots
7 My Special Angel--The Vogues
8 On the Road Again--Canned Heat
9 Time Has Come Today--The Chambers Brothers
10 The Fool on the Hill--Sergio Mendes & Brasil '66

Singles entering the chart were I'm in a Different World by the Four Tops (#70); Court of Love by the Unifics (#77); Quick Joey Small (Run Joey Run) by the Kasenetz-Katz Singing Orchestral Circus (#81); Keep on Lovin' Me Honey by Marvin Gaye & Tammi Terrell (#86); 1432 Franklin Pike Circle Hero by Bobby Russell (#89); There was a Time by Gene Chandler (#91); Ride My See-Saw by the Moody Blues (#93); Destination: Anywhere by the Marvelettes (#94); Cinnamon by Derek (#95); A Message from Maria by Joe Simon (#96); Oh Lord, Why Lord by Los Pop Tops (#97); Fire by 5 x 5 (#99); and Ride with Me by Mars Bonfire (#100).

On television tonight
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Peter Cushing and Nigel Stock, on BBC 1
Tonight's episode: The Hound of the Baskervilles: Part Two



Movies
The Motion Picture Association of America adopted a film rating system.

Protest
Students occupied Collège Lionel Groulx in Ste-Thérèse de Blainville, Québec, demanding job programs and new French-language courses. Other provincial colleges struck, but all CÉGEPs re-opened by October 28.

Terrorism
FLQ terrorists stole dynamite from a store in Chomedey, Québec.

Disasters
More than 2,000 people died in four days of floods caused by torrential rains in the eastern Himalayas.

Baseball
World Series
St. Louis Cardinals 3 @ Detroit Tigers 5 (St. Louis led best-of-seven series 3-2)

The Tigers scored 2 runs in the 4th inning and 3 in the 7th to overcome a 3-0 1st-inning deficit as they averted elimination before 53,634 fans at Tiger Stadium. With 1 out in the top of the 5th and the Cardinals leading 3-2, Lou Brock attempted to score on a single by Julian Javier, but was thrown out at home plate by Detroit left fielder Willie Horton, and that may have been the turning point of the Series.





40 years ago
1978

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Ti Avrò--Adriano Celentano (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: You're the One that I Want--John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland: Summer Nights--John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Summer Nights--John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Kiss You All Over--Exile (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Grease--Frankie Valli (2nd week at #1)
2 Hopelessly Devoted to You--Olivia Newton-John
3 Three Times a Lady--Commodores
4 You're the Greatest Lover--Luv'
5 Summer Nights--John Travolta, Olivia Newton-John & Cast
6 The Eve of the War--Jeff Wayne
7 Summer Night City--ABBA
8 Follow Me--Amanda Lear
9 Rasputin/Painter Man--Boney M.
10 I'm Gonna Love You Too--Blondie

Singles entering the chart were Hot Shot by Karen Young (#23); Give Love a Second Chance by Luisa Fernandez (#24); Tell Me Your Plans by the Shirts (#27); Andy (For Love it Takes Two) by Girlie (#28); and Ik Zal Geen Traan Meer Om Je Laten by De Wiko's (#35).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Kiss You All Over--Exile
2 Boogie Oogie Oogie--A Taste of Honey
3 Summer Nights--John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John
4 Reminiscing--Little River Band
5 Hot Child in the City--Nick Gilder
6 Hopelessly Devoted to You--Olivia Newton-John
7 Don't Look Back--Boston
8 You Needed Me--Anne Murray
9 Whenever I Call You "Friend"--Kenny Loggins
10 Three Times a Lady--Commodores

Singles entering the chart were This is Love by Paul Anka (#85); On the Shelf by Donny and Marie (#87); I'm Every Woman by Chaka Khan (#88); The Power of Gold by Dan Fogelberg/Tim Weisberg (#89); Hold the Line by Toto (#90); Louie, Louie by John Belushi (#95); There'll Never Be by Switch (#96); New York City by Zwol (#97); When You Feel Love by Bob McGilpin (#98); and Martha (Your Lovers Come and Go) by Gabriel (#99).

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Hopelessly Devoted to You--Olivia Newton-John
2 Boogie Oogie Oogie--A Taste of Honey
3 Summer Nights--John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John
4 Hot Child in the City--Nick Gilder
5 You Needed Me--Anne Murray
6 Don't Look Back--Boston
7 Reminiscing--Little River Band
8 Whenever I Call You "Friend"--Kenny Loggins
9 Break it to Them Gently--Burton Cummings
10 An Everlasting Love--Andy Gibb

Singles entering the chart included Double Vision by Foreigner (#95); Crazy Feeling by Jefferson Starship (#96); A Little Lovin' (Keeps the Doctor Away) by the Raes (#97); Searching for a Thrill by Starbuck (#98); and Listen to Her Heart by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers (#99).

Football
CFL
Toronto (3-9) 16 @ Calgary (5-4-3) 22

The Argonauts trailed the Stampeders 22-3 in the 4th quarter before quarterback Alvin White passed to M.L. Harris for a touchdown and rushed 15 yards for another TD to make the game close. Chuck Ealey started at quarterback for Toronto, but left with a broken rib, while defensive end Wayne Smith and linebacker Rick Sowieta suffered season-ending knee injuries. For Mr. Ealey, the game before 26,190 fans at McMahon Stadium was the last of his 7-year CFL career. Rookie linebacker Anthony "Champ" Dickerson, who had played 2 games with the Stampeders earlier in the season, played with the Argonauts, and recovered a Calgary fumble; it was his only game in a Toronto uniform, and his third and last CFL game.

CIAU
Acadia (3-1) 31 Prince Edward Island (1-3) 14
New Brunswick (2-2) 14 Mount Allison (1-3) 8
St. Francis Xavier (3-1) 7 St. Mary's (2-2) 0
Carleton (3-1) 39 Quebec @ Trois Rivieres (0-5) 0
Bishop's (3-1) 29 McGill (3-2) 14
Western Ontario (4-1) 15 Wilfrid Laurier (4-1) 9
York (4-1) 17 McMaster (1-4) 16
Windsor (3-2) 27 Toronto (1-4) 24

CIAU-U.S. university
Exhibition
British Columbia 28 Puget Sound 7

Baseball
American League Championship Series
Kansas City 1 @ New York 2 (New York won best-of-five series 3-1)

George Brett led off the game with a triple and Hal McRae followed with a single to drive him home, but Ron Guidry allowed just 5 more hits in getting the win before 56,356 fans at Yankee Stadium. Graig Nettles hit a home run in the 2nd inning to tie the score, and Roy White homered in the 5th for the eventual winning run. Mr. Guidry was relieved by Goose Gossage after Amos Otis led off the 9th with a double, and retired the Royals in order to preserve the Yankees' third straight pennant.



National League Championship Series
Philadelphia 3 @ Los Angeles 4 (10 innings) (Los Angeles won best-of-five series 3-1)

With 2 out and nobody on base in the bottom of the 10th inning before 55,124 fans at Dodger Stadium, Ron Cey drew a base on balls and advanced to second base when center fielder Garry Maddox dropped Dusty Baker's soft line drive for an error. Bill Russell then singled, and the ball went by Mr. Maddox as Mr. Cey came home with the run that gave the Dodgers their second straight pennant.



30 years ago
1988

Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Hand in Hand--Koreana (2nd week at #1)

Edmontonia
Shirley Benson began work as the city's--and western Canada's--first professional female firefighter.

Environment
A hunter discovered three gray whales trapped under the ice near Alaska; the situation became a multinational effort to free the whales.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (7-7) 21 @ British Columbia (7-7) 25

Rookie quarterback Rickey Foggie relieved Matt Dunigan in the 4th quarter and completed a 17-yard touchdown pass to Scott Lecky to enable the Lions to defeat the Tiger-Cats before 28,019 fans at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver.



25 years ago
1993

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Go West--Pet Shop Boys (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Cyril Cusack, 82. S.A.-born Irish actor. Mr. Cusack appeared in numerous plays, films, and television programs in a career spanning more than 70 years. He died of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Disasters
The Great Flood of 1993 ended at St. Louis, Missouri 103 days after it began, as the Mississippi River fell below flood stage.

Baseball
National League Championship Series
Atlanta 14 @ Philadelphia 3 (Best-of-seven series tied 1-1)

The Braves scored 2 runs in the 1st inning and erupted for 6 in the 3rd to take an 8-0 lead as they routed the Phillies before 62,436 fans at Veterans Stadium.



20 years ago
1998

Baseball
American League Championship Series
Cleveland 4 @ New York 1 (12 innings) (Best-of-seven series tied 1-1)

Errors by pitcher Jeff Nelson and first baseman Tino Martinez helped the Indians score 3 runs to break a 1-1 tie in the top of the 12th inning before 57,128 fans at Yankee Stadium.





National League Championship Series
San Diego 3 @ Atlanta 2 (10 innings) (San Diego led best-of-seven series 1-0)

Ken Caminiti hit a solo home run in the top of the 10th inning to break a 2-2 tie as the Padres won before 42,117 fans at Turner Field.



10 years ago
2008

Space
Asteroid 2008 TC3 impacted the Earth over Sudan, the first time an asteroid impact was detected prior to its entry into earth's atmosphere.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Federal Reserve Board announced a radical plan to buy massive amounts of short-term debt, known as commercial paper, to get credit markets moving again.