October 5, 2018

875 years ago
1143

Europeana
King Alfonso VII of León and Castile recognized Portugal as a Kingdom.

225 years ago
1793

Religion
Christianity was disestablished in France.

180 years ago
1838

Abominations
18 Texian settlers, including Isaac Killough, Sr. and his extended family, were massacred and/or kidnapped by Indians in Cherokee County in Texas.

100 years ago
1918

Died on this date
Eddie Grant, 35. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Grant was a third baseman with the Cleveland Naps (1905); Philadelphia Phillies (1907-1910); Cincinnati Reds (1911-1913); and New York Giants (1913-1915), batting .249 with 5 home runs and 277 runs batted in in 990 major league games. He became a captain in the U.S. Army during World War I, and was killed by an exploding shell while searching for the "Lost Battalion" in France.

Roland Garros, 29. French military aviator. Mr. Garros began flying in 1909 and joined the French Army at the outbreak of World War I in 1914. He was downed and taken prisoner in April 1915, but escaped in February 1918, and rejoined the French Army as part of Escadrille 26. Mr. Garros claimed two combat victories on October 2, bringing his total for the war to four. He was shot down and killed--probably by German ace Hermann Habich--near Vouziers, France, the day before his 30th birthday. The tennis stadium Stade Roland Garros in Paris is named in his honour.

90 years ago
1928

World events
Several uprisings against the government of Mexican President Plutarco Elías Calles ended before firing squads, as leaders of the San Luis Potosi movement were executed simultaneously. They had taken up arms in the name of "Reconstruction" and had captured and sacked the town of Rayon, and planned further pillage.

Diplomacy
Peru and Chile reopened embassies in each other's countries after a 17-year interruption of relations.

Disasters
2.5 million people in a 5,000-square-mile area of China were reported to be facing starvation because of crop failure caused by drought and grasshoppers.

Baseball
World Series
St. Louis Cardinals 3 @ New York Yankees 9 (New York led best-of-seven series 2-0)

The Yankees scored a run in the bottom of the 2nd inning to break a 3-3 tie and then scored 4 in the 3rd, coasting to victory before 60,714 fans at Yankee Stadium. New York first baseman Lou Gehrig opened the scoring in the bottom of the 1st inning with a 3-run home run, but the Cardinals responded with 3 runs in the top of the 2nd.

80 years ago
1938

At the movies
Mr. Wong, Detective, directed by William Nigh and starring Boris Karloff and Grant Withers, opened in theatres. It was the first in a series of movies based on the fictional detective created by Hugh Wiley.



Abominations
In Nazi Germany, Jews’ passports were invalidated, and those who needed a passport for emigration purposes were given one marked with the letter J (Jude – Jew).

Baseball
World Series
New York Yankees 3 @ Chicago Cubs 1 (New York led best-of-seven series 1-0)

The Yankees scored 2 runs in the top of the 2nd inning and Red Ruffing pitched a 9-hitter to win the pitching duel over Bill Lee before 43,642 fans at Wrigley Field.



75 years ago
1943

Died on this date
Leon Roppolo, 41. U.S. musician. Mr. Roppolo was a clarinetist with the New Orleans Rhythm Kings in the 1920s. He also played violin, saxophone, and guitar. Mr. Roppolo spent most of his later years in a mental hospital after being committed because of increasingly erratic behaviour.

War
Soviet troops cleared German forces from the east bank of the Dnieper River along a 400-mile stretch from Dnepropetrovsk north to the confluence of the Dnieper and Sozh Rivers. Allied forces in Italy captured Aversa and Maddaloni north of Naples and crossed the Calore River. A U.S. Navy task force attacked Japanese-held Wake Island at dawn.

Abominations
98 American prisoners of war were executed by Japanese forces on Wake Island.

Defense
The U.S. Navy's Martin JRM Mars, the world's largest flying boat, successfully completed an endurance test in a flight of 32 hours 17 minutes.

Crime
A U.S. federal grand jury in Newark, New Jersey indicted the German-American Vocational League, Inc., its subsidiary Recreation Resort of Pompton Lakes, New Jersey, and its officers and members as German agents. Meanwhile, Laura Ingalls, the American aviatrix who had been imprisoned since February 1942 for failing to register as a German agent, was released from Alderson Women's Reformatory in Alderson, West Virginia.

Labour
The U.S. National War Labor Board ordered the striking American Federation of Labor Milk Wagon Drivers Union to return to work in the New York metropolitan area by October 6.

Baseball
World Series
St. Louis Cardinals 2 @ New York Yankees 4 (New York led best-of-seven series 1-0)

The Yankees, down 1-0 after 3½ innings, scored 2 runs in each of the 4th and 6 innings, and Spud Chandler won the pitchers' duel over Max Lanier before 68,676 fans at Yankee Stadium.



70 years ago
1948

Diplomacy
U.S. President Harry Truman called State Secretary George Marshall, Senator Tom Connally, and other advisers to the White House, and proposed sending Supreme Court Chief Justice Fred Vinson to Moscow for a conference on major East-West differences. Mr. Marshall strongly opposed the project, claiming that it might be misunderstood by America's allies as a ploy in the U.S. presidential campaign.

Defense
Officials in the Soviet occupation zone of Germany announced the formation of a 400,000-man militia force to resist "alarming civil war preparations" in the West.

U.S. President Truman appointed Massachusetts Institute of Technology President Karl Compton to succeed Vannevar Bush as chairman of the Defense Department's Research and Development Board.

Politics and government
The Canadian government of Prime Minister Mackenzie King announced that it had issued a Canadian citizenship certificate to Igor Gouzenko, the former cypher clerk who had defected from Soviet embassy in 1945 with files that showed Communist spy rings operating in Canada.

Peruvian President Jose Luis Bustamante y Rivero outlawed the Apra Party, following the suppression of the October 3 revolt in the port of Callao.

Medicine
Pittsburgh immunologist Dr. Bettina Carter announced the development of RH hapten, a blood extract which could save the lives of rh babies whose blood type was different from that of the mother.

Disasters
An earthquake struck near Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, killing between 10,000-110,000 people.

A hurricane caused 11 deaths and $10 million damage in Cuba, and $6 million in crop damage near Miami.

60 years ago
1958

On television tonight
Alfred Hitchcock Presents, on CBS
Tonight's episode: Poison, starring Wendell Corey and James Donald

This was the first episode of the season, and was directed by Mr. Hitchcock.

Died on this date
William F. Buckley, Sr., 77. U.S. oil executive. A native of Texas, Mr. Buckley moved to Mexico in 1908 and established himself as a lawyer, representing major American and European oil companies working in Mexico. He founded the Tampico-based Pantepec Oil Company in 1913, and lobbied for the removal from the Mexican Constitution of 1917 of restrictions on individual American ownership of land and oil rights. Mr. Buckley's lobbying activity resulted in his expulsion from Mexico in 1921; the expulsion was rescinded in 1924, but Mr. Buckley transferred his company to Venezuela, and continued his career in oil exploration. He suffered a stroke while sailing from Paris to New York City, and died in hospital in New York shortly after arrival. Mr. Buckley was the father of noted writer William F. Buckley, Jr. and U.S. Senator James Buckley.

Franciana
The Fifth Republic formally came into existence, the day after the adoption of the Constitution of the Fifth Republic.

Canadiana
Boundary Museum opened in Grand Forks, British Columbia.

Protest
Striking Panamanian students barricaded themselves in the National Institute and fired on National Guardsmen trying to oust them on orders of President Ernesto de la Guardia.

Terrorism
Explosions of dynamite nearly destroyed Clinton High School in Clinton, Tennessee, two years after the school had been racially integrated.

Football
CRU
ORFU
Exhibition
Kitchener-Waterloo 13 @ Detroit 8

Baseball
World Series
Milwaukee Braves 3 @ New York Yankees 0 (Milwaukee led best-of-seven series 3-1)

Warren Spahn pitched a 2-hitter to win the pitchers' duel over Whitey Ford before 71,563 fans at Yankee Stadium. The Braves scored runs in each of the 6th, 7th, and 8th innings, with two of the runs scoring after New York left fielder Norm Siebern lost sight of fly balls in the sunlight.





50 years ago
1968

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Hey Jude/Revolution--The Beatles

#1 single in France: Those were the Days--Mary Hopkin (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Simon Says--1910 Fruitgum Company

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Hey Jude--The Beatles

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Hey Jude--The Beatles (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Hey Jude--The Beatles (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Hey Jude--The Beatles (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Hey Jude--The Beatles (4th week at #1)
2 Those were the Days--Mary Hopkin
--Sandie Shaw
3 Rain and Tears--Aphrodite's Child
4 I Say a Little Prayer--Aretha Franklin
5 Don't You Cry for a Girl--The Shoes
6 On the Road Again--Canned Heat
7 I've Gotta Get a Message to You--The Bee Gees
8 Street Fighting Man--The Rolling Stones
9 People Got to Be Free--The Rascals
10 Dong-Dong-Di-Ki-Di-Gi-Dong--Golden Earrings

Singles entering the chart were Michaela by De Dominos (#32); Ciao Baby by Group Check (#38); Waiting for You by BZN (#39); and Born to Be Wild by Steppenwolf (#40).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Hey Jude--The Beatles (3rd week at #1)
2 Harper Valley P.T.A.--Jeannie C. Riley
3 Fire--The Crazy World of Arthur Brown
4 Hush--Deep Purple
5 Midnight Confessions--The Grass Roots
6 I've Gotta Get a Message to You--The Bee Gees
7 The Fool on the Hill--Sergio Mendes & Brasil '66
8 My Special Angel--The Vogues
9 On the Road Again--Canned Heat
10 Girl Watcher--The O'Kaysions

Singles entering the chart were I'm in a Different World by the Four Tops (#65); Keep on Lovin' Me Honey by Marvin Gaye & Tammi Terrell (#68); There was a Time by Gene Chandler (#77); Ride My See-Saw by the Moody Blues (#81); I Love You Madly by the Fantastic Four (#84); Message from Maria by Joe Simon (#85); Quick Joey Small (Run Joey Run) by the Kasenetz-Katz Singing Orchestral Circus (#86); 1432 Franklin Pike Circle Hero by Bobby Russell (#89); Destination: Anywhere by the Marvelettes (#91); Oh Lord, Why Lord by Los Pop Tops (#93); Almost in Love by Elvis Presley (#95); Greenburg, Glickstein, Charles, David Smith & Jones by the Cryan' Shames (#97); Peace of Mind by Nancy Wilson (#98); and Fire by Five by Five (#100). Almost in Love was the B-side of A Little Less Conversation, charting at #67, and was also from the movie Live a Little, Love a Little (1968).

Calgary's Top 10 (Glenn's Music)
1 Revolution--The Beatles (3rd week at #1)
2 I've Gotta Get a Message to You--The Bee Gees
3 Over You--Gary Puckett and the Union Gap
4 Harper Valley P.T.A.--Jeannie C. Riley
5 Milk Train--The Everly Brothers
6 San Francisco Girls (Return of the Native)--Fever Tree
7 Happy Feeling--The Happy Feeling
8 1,2,3, Red Light--1910 Fruitgum Company
9 On the Road Again--Canned Heat
10 Do it Again--The Beach Boys
Pick hit of the week: Beyond the Clouds--The Poppy Family

Music
The single Porpoise Song/As We Go Along by the Monkees was released on Colgems Records in the United States and on RCA Victor Records in Canada. Both songs were from the movie Head (1968).

Protest
A Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association march in Londonderry, Northern Ireland was violently suppressed by police.

Golf
Gay Brewer won the Alcan Golf Tournament in Southport, England with a total score of 283. First prize money was $55,000.

Football
CFL
The Edmonton Eskimos released tight end E.A. Sims prior to their game at home against the British Columbia Lions. Mr. Sims was in his seventh season with the team. He was originally a tight end before being moved to defensive end, where he was an All-Star from 1965-1967. Mr. Sims was moved back to tight end in 1968, and was second on the team in receptions, with 22 for 318 yards, an average of 14.5 yards per reception, with no touchdowns, in 11 games in 1968. Head coach Neill Armstrong denied that Mr. Sims' release was connected with his being a witness to a murder in the Grand Hotel earlier in the year. Mr. Sims was reportedly sitting in a stall in the men's room when a man was murdered in the next stall. The Grand Hotel was said to be "off limits" to Eskimos players. The release of Mr. Sims was reported on the front page of The Edmonton Journal--a rare occurrence for the Eskimos in those days.

Winnipeg (2-9) 13 @ Hamilton (6-4) 23
British Columbia (2-8-1) 5 @ Edmonton (5-6-1) 13

Tommy-Joe Coffey caught 5 passes for 67 yards and scored 17 points to help the Tiger-Cats defeat the Blue Bombers before 18,123 fans at Civic Stadium. Mr. Coffey's last reception was the 466th of his CFL career, breaking the record formerly held by Dick Shatto of the Toronto Argonauts.

Charlie Fulton sneaked 1 yard for the game's only touchdown late in the 2nd quarter as the Eskimos defeated the Lions before 16,551 fans at Clarke Stadium. The TD was set up by Jerry Griffin's interception of a Paul Brothers pass. The game marked the return to Edmonton of B.C. quarterback Jackie Parker, who had starred with the Eskimos from 1954-1962; it was his last game there as a player.

CIAU
WCIAA
Alberta (2-0) 33 @ Calgary (1-1) 21

The Golden Bears scored 2 touchdowns in the last 12 minutes of the game to defeat the Dinosaurs before almost 4,000 fans at McMahon Stadium. Calgary came back from an early 13-0 deficit to tie the game 13-13 at halftime and take leads of 15-13 in the 3rd quarter and 21-20 in the 4th. Dan McCaffery, entering the game as a halfback, threw a touchdown pass to Gary Schielke to open the scoring in the 1st quarter, and rushed 5 yards for a touchdown on a third-down gamble late in the 3rd quarter while playing quarterback. Alberta starting quarterback Terry Lampert drove his team 100 yards in the 4th quarter, and handed off to Bill Jenner for the winning touchdown with 6 minutes remaining. Val Schneider scored the other Alberta TD in the 1st half when he blocked a punt, dribbled the ball into the Calgary end zone, and fell on it for a touchdown.

Baseball
World Series
St. Louis Cardinals 7 @ Detroit Tigers 3 (St. Louis led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Tim McCarver hit a 3-run home run to climax a 4-run 5th inning and Orlando Cepeda hit a 3-run homer in the 7th as the Cardinals overcame a 2-0 deficit to defeat the Tigers before 53,634 fans in the first World Series game at Tiger Stadium since 1945. Al Kaline hit a 2-run homer to open the scoring in the 3rd inning.





40 years ago
1978

Politics and government
John Buchanan took office as Premier of Nova Scotia, 16 days after leading his Progressive Conservatives to victory over the governing Liberals of Premier Gerald Regan.

The U.S. House of Representatives voted to sustain President Jimmy Carter's veto of the $10.1-billion public works appropriation bill, which Mr. Carter had attacked as "inflationary and wasteful, "absolutely unacceptable," and a classic example of "pork-barrel" legislation.

Labour
The New York Post resumed publication after reaching agreement with 10 unions representing 11,000 workers, ending a 56-day strike. The strike continued against The New York Times and New York Daily News.

Baseball
National League Championship Series
Los Angeles 4 @ Philadelphia 0 (Los Angeles led best-of-five series 2-0)

Tommy John pitched a 4-hitter and Dave Lopes hit his second home run in as many games as the Dodgers shut out the Phillies before 60,642 fans at Veterans Stadium.

30 years ago
1988

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Hand in Hand--Koreana

Politics and government
A national plebiscite in Chile on whether President Augusto Pinochet should be allowed to continue in office for another 8 years resulted in a 55.99% "No" vote, resulting in General Pinochet continuing in power for another year, with an election to be held three months before the end of his term.

U.S. vice presidential candidates Dan Quayle (Republican) and Lloyd Bentsen (Democrat) met in a nationally-televised debate in Omaha, Nebraska. Mr. Quayle had been accused of being too young and inexperienced to be vice-president, but he said that he was as experienced as John F. Kennedy had been when he had been elected president in 1960. Senator Bentsen replied, "I knew Jack Kennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy."



Vadim Medvedev, newly-appointed Soviet cabinet minister for ideology and propaganda, gave a speech in which he rejected the idea of a struggle against the West. He said that Communism was facing crises around the world, and called for development of a new concept of socialism that would borrow ideas from other socialist countries and even from capitalist countries.

The Brazilian Constitution was ratified by the Constituent Assembly.

Health
The United States Energy Department admitted that 25 workers at recently-closed Savannah River Plant in South Carolina had been accidentally exposed to radiation at the nuclear power plant.

Economics and finance
The United States Labor Department reported that the national unemployment rate had dropped slightly in September to 5.3%.

Baseball
National League Championship Series
New York 3 @ Los Angeles 6 (Best-of-seven series tied 1-1)

The Dodgers scored a run in the 1st inning and 4 in the 2nd as they beat the Mets before 55,780 fans at Dodger Stadium. Tim Belcher was the winning pitcher and David Cone took the loss.

American League Championship Series
Oakland 2 @ Boston 1 (Oakland led best-of-seven series 1-0)

Rick Honeycutt, who relieved starting pitcher Dave Stewart in the 7th inning, was the winning pitcher, while Bruce Hurst pitched a 6-hit complete game in taking the loss before 34,104 fans at Fenway Park.



25 years ago
1993

Baseball
American League Championship Series
Toronto 7 @ Chicago 3 (Toronto led best-of-seven series 1-0)

The Blue Jays amassed 17 hits and scored 2 runs in the 4th inning, 3 in the 5th, and 2 in the 7th before 46,246 fans at Comiskey Park.

10 years ago
2008

American League Division Series
Tampa Bay 3 @ Chicago 5 (Tampa Bay led best-of-five series 2-1)
Los Angeles 5 @ Boston 4 (12 innings) (Boston led best-of-five series 2-1)

National League Division Series
Philadelphia 6 @ Milwaukee 2 (Philadelphia won best-of-five series 3-1)