October 26, 2020

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Sveta!

1,260 years ago
760

Died on this date
Cuthbert. English clergyman. Cuthbert was Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury from 740 until his death. He held church councils, built a new church in Canterbury, and oversaw the elevation of the Diocese of York to an archbishopric. Cuthbert was succeeded as Archbishop of Canterbury by Bregowine.

380 years ago
1640

Diplomacy
The Treaty of Ripon was signed, restoring peace between Scotland and King Charles I of England. The issue was whether episcopacy--favoured by the Crown--or presbyterianism--favoured by the Scottish Covenanters--would be the form of church government.

220 years ago
1800

Born on this date
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder. Prussian military officer. Graf Generalfeldmarschall Moltke had a military career that spanned almost 70 years. He modernized the Ottoman Army in the mid-late 1830s, and was Chief of the Prussian General Staff, and later the Imperial German General Staff from 1857-1888. Graf Moltke was a disciple of Carl von Clausewitz and regarded strategy as a practical art of adapting means to ends. He planned and led the successful Prussian campaigns in the Austro-Prussian War (1866) and Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871). Graf Moltke died after a short illness on April 24, 1891 at the age of 90. He's referred to as "the Elder" to distinguish him from his nephew Helmuth von Moltke, who commanded the German Army at the outbreak of World War I.

160 years ago
1860

War
The Expedition of the Thousand ended when Giuseppe Garibaldi presented his conquests to King Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia.

130 years ago
1890

Born on this date
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi. Indian journalist and politician. Mr. Vidyarthi was an advocate of Indian independence from British rule who founded the revolutionary Hindi weekly Pratap in 1913 to express his views. He joined the non-cooperation movement led by Mohandas Gandhi in 1916, and as a member of the Indian National Congress Party, represented Kanpur on the United Provinces Legislative Council (1925-1929). Mr. Vidyarthi served several jail sentences for his activities, and died 16 days after being released from prison. While on his way to Karachi to attend an Indian National Congress Session on March 25, 1931, he came across communal rioting between Hindus and Muslims in Kanpur. Mr. Vidyarthi, 40, saved the lives of many Hindus and Muslims from the violence, but was stabbed to death by rioting Muslims, and his body wasn't identified until several days later.

Died on this date
Carlo Collodi, 63. Italian journalist and author. Mr. Collodi, whose real name was Carlo Lorenzini, founded the satirical newspaper Il Lampione in 1853. He was best known for his children's novel The Adventures of Pinocchio, which was serialized in 1881-1882 and published in book form in 1883. Mr. Collodi died suddenly, 29 days before his 64th birthday.

125 years ago
1895

Football
CRU
ORFU
Second Round
Osgoode Hall 5 @ Queen's College 21 (Queen's College won 2-game, total points series 36-20)
Hamilton 15 @ University of Toronto 14 (University of Toronto won 2-game, total points series 30-27)

120 years ago
1900

Born on this date
Karin Boye. Swedish authoress and poetess. Miss Boye is best known in her native Sweden for her poetry, but elsewhere she's best known for her dystopian novel Kallocain (1940). Miss Boye was a lesbian who committed suicide with an overdose of sleeping pills on April 24, 1941 at the age of 40.

Ibrahim Abboud. Prime Minister and President of Sudan, 1958-1964. General Abboud was a career military officer who became commander in chief of Sudan's military forces upon Sudan gaining her independence in 1956. He led a coup d'état that toppled the civilian government of President Abdullah Khalil in November 1958, and took the offices of Prime Minister and President. Gen. Abboud achieved diplomatic success, but opposition to his regime within southern Sudan forced his resignation in November 1964. He lived in Britain for several years, but eventually returned to Sudan, and died in Khartoum on September 8, 1983 at the age of 82.

110 years ago
1910

Born on this date
John Krol. U.S. clergyman. Cardinal Krol was Roman Catholic Archbishop of Philadelphia from 1961-1988, and was named a cardinal in 1967. He held conservative views on church doctrine and sexual morality, but was liberal on such issues as nuclear disarmament. Cardinal Krol was criticized for helping to cover up the sexual assaults of priests against children. He died on March 3, 1996 at the age of 85.

90 years ago
1930

Football
NFL
Providence (4-2) 0 @ New York (6-1) 25
Staten Island (3-3-1) 6 @ Newark (1-9-1) 0
Frankford (2-9) 7 @ Chicago Bears (3-3-1) 13
Portsmouth (4-2-1) 13 @ Chicago Cardinals (3-4-2) 23
Minneapolis (1-3-1) 0 @ Green Bay (6-0) 19

80 years ago
1940

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Only Forever--Bing Crosby with John Scott Trotter and his Orchestra (2nd week at #1)

War
The unescorted Canadian troopship Empress of Britain under Captain Charles Sapsworth, en route from Capetown to Liverpool, was strafed and struck by two 250-kilogram bombs from a German Fw200 Condor bomber piloted by Oblt Bernhard Jope, 70 miles northwest of Aran Island, County Donegal, Ireland. The ship caught fire, but most of the 416 crew members, 2 gunners, and 205 passengers (military personnel and families) were picked up by HMS Echo, anti-submarine trawler HMS Cape Arcona, and ORP Burza. The following morning, tugs arrived to take the ship in tow. Reports from Tokyo indicated that Japan was willing to make concessions to the U.S.S.R. in order to remove Soviet pressure from the Far East.

Diplomacy
The Italian government of Duce Benito Mussolini accused Grece of sponsoring armed attacks on the Albanian border and terrorist plots in Porto Edda. French Prime Minister Marshal Henri Petain announced the Vichy regime's support, in principle, of German Fuehrer Adolf Hitler's aims in a European peace. Meanwhile, Marchal Petain's Vice-President of the Council of Ministers, Pierre Laval, met with Italian Foreign Minister Count Ciano at Vichy to discuss Mr. Hitler's "Pan-European bloc" and plans to force the United Kingdom to make peace.

Defense
The North American Aviation P-51 Mustang fighter plane made its maiden flight.

Journalism
The government of India announced a ban on the publication of any statements opposing the British war effort.

Football
CRU
IRFU
Hamilton (1-3) 12 @ Montreal (1-3) 7
Ottawa (3-1) 9 @ Toronto (3-1) 11

NFL
Brooklyn (4-2) 21 @ Philadelphia (0-7) 7

Baseball
Hank Greenberg of the Detroit Tigers was named the Most Valuable Player in the American League for 1940; the left fielder batted .340 in 148 games, leading the AL in home runs (41), runs batted in (150), and slugging (.670) as he helped the Tigers edge out the Cleveland Indians and New York Yankees for the pennant. Cleveland pitcher Bob Feller, who led the AL in wins (27), earned run average (2.62), games pitched (43), starts (37), complete games (31), inings pitched (320), and strikeouts (261), was second in the voting.

75 years ago
1945

At the movies
Pursuit to Algiers, starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, opened in theatres.





War
British Indian troops repelled a heavy attack by Annamese forces on Saigon.

Academia
The Association of Colleges and Universities of New York asked U.S. President Harry Truman for selective service deferment for science and engineering students to alleviate shortages.

70 years ago
1950

Radio
La Société Radio-Canada (SRC) extended French-language programming as far west as Calgary and Edmonton.

Defense
Canada and the U.S.A. signed a six-point agreement in Washington for joint defense production, with free trade in arms and equipment.

Baseball
New York Yankees’ shortstop Phil Rizzuto was named the Most Valuable Player in the American League for 1950. "Scooter" batted .324 with 7 home runs and 66 runs batted in in 155 games, helping the Yankees win their second straight AL pennant and World Series. Billy Goodman of the Boston Red Sox finished a distant second in the voting after leading the AL in batting (.354) in 110 games.

Branch Rickey resigned as president of the Brooklyn Dodgers, to be succeeded by Walter O’Malley. Mr. Rickey had joined the Dodgers in 1942, and had fashioned the team that won National League pennants in 1947 and 1949, and almost winning pennants in 1946 and 1950. His most notable accomplishment in Brooklyn was the beginning of racial integration of the major leagues with the signing of Jackie Robinson, who joined the Dodgers in 1947.

60 years ago
1960

Died on this date
Toshizō Nishio, 78. Japanese military officer. General Nishio joined the Imperial Japanese Army in 1902, and commanded forces in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) and the Second Sino-Japanese War from 1937 until 1941, when he was appointed to the Supreme War Council, serving until his retirement in 1943. Gen. Nishio governed the Tokyo Metropolis from 1944 until the end of World War II; he was arrested by American authorities and was accused of unnamed war crimes, but was never formally charged, and was later released. Gen. Nishio died five days before his 79th birthday.

50 years ago
1970

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): (They Long to Be) Close to You--Carpenters (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): The Lovers of the World (男の世界)--Jerry Wallace (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Yellow River--Christie

Diplomacy
Turkey and the United States received protests from the Soviet Union over the violation of Soviet air space by a U.S. Army plane the previous week. The protest indicated that the plane’s incursion was not accidental, and it termed the act a "hostile" one that could have grave consequences. There was no hint whether the plane and the four men in it, including two generals, would be returned.

Politics and government
The Progressive Conservative Party, led by Richard Hatfield, unseated the governing Liberal Party of Premier Louis Robichaud, taking 32 of 58 seats in the Legislative Assembly in the New Brunswick provincial election. The Liberals, who received 48.6% of the vote to 48.4% for the PCs, won the remaining 26 seats.

Crime
Former California state heavyweight boxing champion Roger Rischer was found wounded in a hotel in Oakland after being shot five times with a .22‐caliber pistol. He died on November 14 at the age of 37.

Transportation
Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere and Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda cohosted a ceremony in the Tanzanian capital of Dar es Salaam marking the beginning of construction of the 1,116-mile Tanzania-Zambia railroad.

Economics and finance
Professor Paul Samuelson of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Science for 1970 for his efforts in raising "the level of scientific analysis in economic theory."

Boxing
Former world heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali (30-0), in his first fight in 3½ years, scored a technical knockout over Jerry Quarry (37-5-4) at City Auditorium in Atlanta when the fight was stopped at the end of the 3rd round because of a cut over Mr. Quarry's left eye. On the undercard, Eddie "Bossman" Jones (19-8-1) scored a TKO of Willis Earls (12-11-2) at 2:47 of the 7th round; Bunky Akins (5-0) knocked out Richard Pittman (0-16-2) at 2:55 of the 4th round; and Mr. Ali's younger brother Rahman (5-0) scored a technical knockout of Junior Grant (4-12-1) at 2:40 of the 3rd round, all in heavyweight bouts.



Jose "King" Roman (35-6-1) won a 10-round decision over Manuel Ramos (23-14-3) in a a heavyweight bout in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

NFL
Los Angeles (4-2) 3 @ Minnesota (5-1) 13



40 years ago
1980

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand (RIANZ): Upside Down--Diana Ross (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Upside Down--Diana Ross (8th week at #1)

War
Tehran radio reported that an Iraqi missile attack had killed 100 people at Dizful, Iran.

Track and field
Alberto Salazar won the New York City Marathon in 2 hours, 9 minutes, 41 seconds.



Auto racing
CART
Rick Mears won the Primera Copa Copa México 150 at Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City. Bobby Unser finished second and Al Unser third in the 25-car field.

Football
CFL
British Columbia (7-7-1) 20 @ Toronto (6-9) 38
Montreal (8-7) 25 @ Winnipeg (10-5) 26
Calgary (8-7) 34 @ Edmonton (12-3) 25

The Argonauts scored 32 of their 38 points with a 30 miles-per-hour wind at their backs in the 1st and 4th quarters. Toronto quarterback Mark Jackson completed 12 of 19 passes for 176 yards and touchdowns to Paul Pearson and Dave Newman, and rushed 6 times for 40 yards and a touchdown. Terry Metcalf also rushed for an Argonaut touchdown. Zenon Andrusyshyn added 4 converts, 3 field goals, and a single. Larry Key, who led all rushers with 80 yards on 14 carries, rushed 9 yards for the only B.C. touchdown early in the 2nd quarter. Lui Passaglia converted and added 3 field goals, a punt single, and 3 singles on missed field goals. Elliott Walker, in his first CFL game, led the Toronto ground attack with 63 yards on 15 carries. Mr. Pearson led all receivers with 124 yards on 7 receptions. Attendance at Exhibition Stadium was 30,175.

Trevor Kennerd missed an 11-yard field goal attempt with 38 seconds remaining in the game, but it went through the end zone for a single to give the Blue Bombers their 9th win their last 10 games. The winning point was set up by Paul Bennett’s 35-yard punt return to the Montreal 15-yard line. The Blue Bombers jumped to a 14-0 lead with just over 11 minutes gone on a 3-yard touchdown rush by William Miller and a 10-yard pass from Dieter Brock to Mike Holmes, both converted by Mr. Kennerd. Tom Cousineau blocked a Bob Cameron punt, and Gene Belliveau returned it 11 yards for an Alouette touchdown on the last play of the 1st quarter. Gerry McGrath converted and kicked a single on the kickoff to open the 2nd quarter. The teams then exchanged touchdowns: Skip Walker rushed 5 yards for Montreal, and Mr. Brock threw another 10-yard pass, this one to Rick House. Gerry Dattilio completed a 37-yard touchdown pass to David Green early in the 3rd quarter, and Mr. McGrath’s convert put the Alouettes ahead 22-21 after 3 quarters. Mr. Kennerd missed a 12-yard field goal for a single early in the 4th quarter to tie the game, but connected from 35 yards to put Winnipeg ahead 25-22 at 6:03. Exactly 3 minutes later the game was tied again when Mr. McGrath kicked a 15-yard field goal; the Alouettes had just inches to go on third down from the Winnipeg 8-yard line, but elected to go for the field goal. Mr. Green led all rushers with 92 yards on 19 carries, and added 87 yards on 5 pass receptions. Mr. Miller led the Blue Bombers with 18 rushes for 83 yards. Mr. Holmes led the Winnipeg receivers with 65 yards on 6 receptions. Mr. House caught 6 for 53, and Larry Douglas, playing his first CFL game, caught 4 for 57. Mr. Dattilio completed 12 of 22 passes for 214 yards, but gave up interceptions to James Reed, Reggie Pierson, Charles Williams, and Mr. Bennett. Mr. Brock completed 16 of 30 passes for 170 yards and an interception. 26,352 fans were in attendance at Winnipeg Stadium.



The Eskimos took an early 17-0 lead over the Stampeders before 43,346 fans at snow-covered Commonwealth Stadium but then went to sleep and allowed the Stampeders to score 34 of the next 35 points as they became the first visiting team to win 2 games in that stadium in the same season. Quarterback Ken Johnson directed the comeback, finishing with 16 completions in 32 passes for 293 yards and touchdowns of 28 yards to Willie Burden, 50 yards to Willie Armstead, and 11 yards to Ron Robinson. Mr. Johnson also rushed 4 times for 23 yards and a touchdown. J.T. Hay converted all 4 major scores and added 2 field goals. Mr. Armstead’s touchdown, which put the Stampeders ahead to stay in the 3rd quarter, was the big play of the game, coming on a third down and 1 yard-to-go gamble. Dave Cutler kicked an early field goal to begin the scoring and then quarterback Warren Moon completed touchdown passes to Tom Scott and Danny Buggs before being relieved by Tom Wilkinson. The veteran was mostly ineffective, and the Eskimos didn’t score another point until Mr. Cutler kicked a single on a missed field goal in the 4th quarter. Mr. Wilkinson completed a 35-yard touchdown pass to Mr. Buggs with 3 seconds remaining in the game. Mr. Cutler converted all 3 touchdowns. Mr. Scott led all receivers with 100 yards on 5 receptions. Mr. Armstead led the Stampeders with 75 yards on 3 receptions. Edmonton offensive tackle Mike Wilson suffered a serious knee injury during the game, and never played in the CFL again. His injury forced the Eskimos to play with an all-Canadian offensive line, which soon became the norm throughout the league.

Baseball
Ralph Houk was named manager of the Boston Red Sox. He had managed the New York Yankees (1961-1963, 1966-1973) and Detroit Tigers (1974-1978), leading the Yankees to American League pennants in his first three seasons and World Seris championships in his first two years.

Nippon Series
Kintetsu Buffaloes 9 @ Hiroshima Toyo Carp 2 (Kintetsu led best-of-seven series 2-0)

30 years ago
1990

Died on this date
William S. Paley, 89. U.S. broadcaster. Mr. Paley took over the small network of radio stations that his father Samuel had purchased in 1927, and over the next several decades turned the Columbia Broadcasting System into a major media empire in radio, television, and recordings. He had a keen sense of popular taste, and a business model that emphasized the importance of advertisers and sponsors. Mr. Paley died of kidney failure, four weeks after his 89th birthday.

World events
A report published by the Israeli commission investigating the October 8 shooting of Palestinian demonstrators by Israeli police at Jerusalem’s Temple Mount criticized Israeli commanders for not having prepared for the possibility of trouble. The commission blamed the tragedy on the Palestinians who had "deviated from the intended purpose of the holy place," even though it acknowledged that the Jewish Temple Mount Faithful worshippers, who had declared their intention to raze the Dome of the Rock--a Muslim holy site--had long since fled the scene before police opened fire. The report was attacked by critics as a whitewash.

Business
Michael Davies sold the Kingston Whig-Standard to Southam Press.

Hockey
NHL
Wayne Gretzky of the Los Angeles Kings became the first National Hockey League player to reach 2,000 career points, with an assist in a game against the Winnipeg Jets.



25 years ago
1995

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Lucky Love--Ace of Base (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Fathi Shaqaqi, 44. Palestinian terrorist leader. Mr. Shaqaqi, co-founder and Secretary-General of Islamic Jihad, was assassinated in front of the Diplomat Hotel in Sliema, Malta by two gunmen with the Israeli intelligence agency Mossad.

Politics and government
Results of a referendum on Québec secession by the Cree and Inuit First Nations of Nouveau-Québec were released. The Cree voters were asked: "Do you consent, as a people, that the Government of Quebec separate the James Bay Crees and Cree traditional territory from Canada in the event of a Yes vote in the Quebec referendum?"; 96.3% of the Cree voted in favour of retaining the relationship with Canada. Of 6,380 eligible voters, 77% participated in the Cree referendum.

Hockey
NHL
Mario Lemieux of the Pittsburgh Penguins scored his 500th career goal, in a game against the New York Islanders at Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale.



Football
CFL
Edmonton (13-5) 25 @ Memphis (9-9) 14

The Eskimos scored 2 touchdowns in the 4th quarter to clinch their victory over the Mad Dogs before 12,078 fans at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium, eliminating Memphis from playoff contention. Edmonton led 11-8 after 3 quarters, with the only touchdown coming on a 7-yard pass from Chris Vargas to Chris George with 29 seconds left in the 1st half. For Mr. George, it was the only touchdown of his brief CFL career. In the 4th quarter, Mr. Vargas pitched out to receiver Eddie Brown, who threw downfield to Jim Sandusky for a 78-yard touchdown. Mr. Vargas later passed 2 yards to Marc Tobert for the game's final touchdown. Nick Mystrom kicked 4 field goals and 2 singles for the Mad Dogs. Gerry Collins, in his first game as an Eskimo after being released by the Ottawa Rough Riders, rushed 12 times for 54 yards, caught 4 passes for 11 yards, and returned 3 kickoffs for 37 yards. It was the last CFL game ever played in Memphis, and the last game ever played by the Mad Dogs.



Baseball
World Series
Atlanta Braves 4 @ Cleveland Indians 5 (Atlanta led best-of-seven series 3-2)

Albert Belle hit a 2-run home run in the 1st inning, and Jim Thome hit a solo homer in the 8th to provide the winning margin as the Indians held off a 2-run 9th-inning rally to defeat the Braves before 43,595 fans at Jacobs Field. Orel Hershiser allowed 5 hits and 2 runs--1 earned--in 8 innings to win the pitchers' duel over Greg Maddux, who allowed 7 hits and 4 runs--all earned--in 7 innings,



Nippon Series
Orix BlueWave 1 @ Yakult Swallows 3 (Yakult won best-of-seven series 4-1)

Yakult third baseman Tom O'Malley hit his second home run of the Series to help the Swallows defeat the BlueWave before 33,112 fans at Meiji Jingu Stadium in Shinjuku, Tokyo, and was named the Most Valuable Player of the Nippon Series.

20 years ago
2000

Health
Lord Phillips’ report into the spread in Britain of mad cow disease and its human equivalent criticized officials, scientists, and government ministers.

Baseball
World Series
New York Yankees 4 @ New York Mets 2 (Yankees won best-of-seven series 4-1)

Luis Sojo drove in 2 runs with a single in the top of the 9th inning to give the Yankees the win over the Mets before 55,292 fans at Shea Stadium. Bernie Williams and Derek Jeter each hit solo home runs for the Yankees. Andy Pettitte started on the mound for the Yankees and was relieved in the 8th inning by Mike Stanton, who was credited with his second win of the Series. Mariano Rivera pitched the 9th inning to earn his second save of the Series. Al Leiter started for the Mets and gave up only the 2 home runs until he lost his effectiveness with 2 out in the 9th and nobody on base, and was charged with the loss. Mr. Jeter, who hit .409 (9 for 22) with 2 home runs, was voted the Most Valuable Player of the World Series. The Series set a record for the lowest television ratings ever for a World Series, since few people outside New York cared who won.



Nippon Series
Yomiuri Giants 2 @ Fukuoka Daiei Hawks 1 (Yomiuri led best-of-seven series 3-1)

10 years ago
2010

Scandal
A U.S. appeals court overturned two of the three fraud charges against former Canadian newspaper magnate Conrad Black, while upholding his convictions on one count of fraud and obstruction of justice.

Weather
A severe three-day snowstorm began in the Canadian Prairies; heavy snow caused school closures in eastern Saskatchewan and western Manitoba, while strong northwest winds whipped up large waves and caused flooding on the shores of Lakes Winnipeg and Manitoba.