November 13, 2016

160 years ago
1856

Born on this date
Louis Brandeis. Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, 1916-1939. Justice Brandeis was a lawyer who advocated progressive public causes and became the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court of the United States; he was known for his opinions in defense of freedom of speech and the right to privacy. Justice Brandeis died on October 5, 1941 at the age of 84.

150 years ago
1866

Born on this date
Abraham Flexner. U.S. educator. Mr. Flexner founded an experimental school in Louisville, Kentucky that rejected standard educational practices such as standard curriculum, exams, and grades. The school produced successful students, and Mr. Flexner then devoted his efforts to the reform of higher education. He published the Flexner Report in 1910, which had the effect of revolutionizing medical education in the United States. Mr. Flexner founded--and led from 1930-1939--the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He died on September 21, 1959 at the age of 92.

120 years ago
1896

Environment
Te Maari, a crater at the northern end of Mount Tongariro in New Zealand's Tongariro range, erupted spectacularly at 12:40 P.M.; it continued to erupt sporadically for nearly a year.

100 years ago
1916

Politics and government
Australian Prime Minister Billy Hughes and 24 other pro-conscription Members of Parliament formed the National Labour Party, two months after Mr. Hughes had been expelled from the Labour Party over his support for conscription.

90 years ago
1926

Football
CRU
ORFU
Camp Borden (3-3) 8 @ Hamilton (0-6) 2
Toronto Balmy Beach (6-0) 4 @ University of Toronto II (3-3) 1

Canadian university
Toronto (2-2) 1 @ Queen's (2-2) 3

10,000 fans at Richardson Stadium in Kingston saw the Tricolor defeat Toronto. McGill had already finished the season with a 2-2 record, and Queen's won a draw for a bye into the final on November 27, with Toronto and McGill to play a semi-final on November 20.

WCRFU
Semi-final
University of Alberta 21 Victoria 2 @ Vancouver

Walter Selnes scored 2 touchdowns and Hank Gowda added another as the Golden Bears defeated Victoria to advance to the Western final at home against the Regina Roughriders, who tied their semi-final game against (Winnipeg) St. John's College with a single point in the dying seconds of regulation time and then scored 8 points in overtime.

75 years ago
1941

War
The German comnmand announced that its troops were attacking the Kerch fortifications on the eastern tip of Crimea. A German U-boat torpedoed the U.K. Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal, which sank in the Mediterranean Sea the next day. A Chinese spokesman in Chiungking said that 130-140 Japanese warships and more than 100 troop transports had been massed at Hainan Island, presumably for an attack on Indochina.

Abominations
German Propaganda Minister Josef Goebbels said that Jews in Germany "are suffering no injustices in the treatment we bestow on them--they more than earned it...In this historical showdown, every Jew is our enemy."

Defense
The U.S. House of Representatives voted 212-194 to accept the Senate's amendments to the Neutrality Act, permitting U.S. merchant ships to be armed and to enter combat zones or belligerent ports. U.S. Navy Secretary Frank Knox said that the Navy was ready to supply guns and trained crews for arming merchant ships. U.S. Army General George Marshall announced that the Army was seeking 10,000 regular troops to relieve U.S. Marines and British soldiers in Iceland.

Politics and government
U.S. Representatives E.E. Cox (Democrat--Georgia) and Howard W. Smith (Democrat--Virginia), members of the House Rules Committee, announced that they would block further legislation from the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt unless an anti-strike bill was introduced.

New York Governor Herbert Lehman appointed Michael Hughes (Democrat) as Mayor of Lackawanna, following the resignation of John Aszkler, who had been convicted of conspiring to defraud the city.

Journalism
NBC and MBS cancelled the radio broadcasts of their Berlin correspondents on the grounds that undue Nazi censorship deprived their news reports of any value.

70 years ago
1946

Terrorism
Bombs planted by Zionist terrorists in raliway stations and streetcars in Palestine killed 19 soldiers and policemen in the fourth day of intensified violence.

Politics and government
South African Prime Minister Jan Smuts told the United Nations Trusteeship Council that his country rejected any trusteeship plan for South-West Africa and would continue to administer the territory even if the General Assembly voted against the proposed annexation.

The U.S.A. and U.K. began talks in Washington on unified economic administration of their German occupation zones.

Technology
Vincent Schaefer produced artificial snow from a natural cloud for the first time at Mount Greylock in Massachusetts.

Economics and finance
The Swedish parliament ratified the Soviet trade and credit agreements that had been concluded on October 7.

Disasters
Earthquakes continuing for the third day in the mountainous area of northern Peru caused over 500 deaths, the total destruction of two towns, and extensive damage in more than 20 towns.

60 years ago
1956

War
The British War Office reported that 32 vessels had been sunk in the Suez Canal during the recent fighting in Egypt, with 20 of the craft going down in Port Said Harbour at the waterway's northern entrance.

World events
Reports from Hungary said that deportation of captured anti-Communist guerrillas to Siberia was already underawy.

Society
The Supreme Court of the United States unanimously upheld a lower court decision striking down Alabama state and Montgomery city laws calling for racial segregation on buses, thus ending the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Politics and government
The Polish government announced Soviet Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky's resignation as deputy premier and defense minister.

The Argentine federal court barred the Communist Party from participating in that year's national elections.

U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower accepted the resignation of Arthur Burns as chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers. The White House announced that council member Raymond Saulnier would assume the chairmanship and that Paul McCracken would be appointed to the vacant position.

Crime
The U.S. Supreme Court declined to review the conviction of Dr. Sam Sheppard, who was serving a life sentence for the murder of his wife Marilyn in 1954.

Journalism
A special advisory commission headed by former U.S. Assistant Defense Secretary Charles Coolidge recommended in a report to Defense Secretary Charles Wilson that reporters who published information damaging to national security should be brought before a grand jury if they refused to divulge their sources.

50 years ago
1966

Space
Gemini 12 Pilot Buzz Aldrin completed his second successful space walk in as many days, this one lasting 2 hours 6 minutes.

War
In response to Fatah raids against Israelis near the West Bank border, Israeli forces launched an attack on the Jordanian village of As-Samu.

Football
CFL
Eastern Finals
Ottawa 30 @ Hamilton 1 (First game of 2-game total points series)

Western Finals
Winnipeg 7 @ Saskatchewan 14 (Saskatchewan led best-of-seven series 1-0)

Russ Jackson completed 21 of 29 passes for 309 yards and Jim Dillard, Ted Watkins, and Bo Scott scored touchdowns for the Rough Riders as they routed the defending Grey Cup champion Tiger-Cats before 22,387 fans at Civic Stadium. Moe Racine converted all 3 touchdowns and added 2 field goals and 3 singles. Hamilton quarterback Joe Zuger punted for a single for the Tiger-Cats' lone point. The Rough Riders made 24 first downs to only 6 for the Tiger-Cats.

Ron Lancaster completed a touchdown pass to Gord Barwell and Jack Abendschan converted and added 2 field goals and a single as the Roughriders defeated the defending Western champion Blue Bombers before 14,013 fans at Taylor Field in Regina. Saskatchewan led 11-0 after the 1st quarter, and maintained the lead. Billy Cooper scored the Winnipeg touchdown on a pass from Kenny Ploen. Saskatchewan running back Paul Dudley suffered a career-ending neck injury.

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Margherita--Riccardo Cocciante (9th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (Veronica Top 40): Heaven Must Be Missing an Angel--Tavares

#1 single in the U.K (New Musical Express).: If You Leave Me Now--Chicago (2nd week at #1)

Rhodesia's Top 10 (Lyons Maid)
1 Don't Go Breaking My Heart--Elton John and Kiki Dee (5th week at #1)
2 Why Did You Do It--Stretch
3 Heart on My Sleeve--Gallagher & Lyle
4 Arms of Mary--Sutherland Brothers & Quiver
5 Kiss and Say Goodbye--The Manhattans
6 Let Your Love Flow--Bellamy Brothers
7 (Shake, Shake, Shake) Shake Your Booty--K C & the Sunshine Band
8 Wish I was a Blue Job--John Edmond
9 If You Love Me--Mary Hopkin
10 In Zaire--Johnny Wakelin

Singles entering the chart were In Zaire; and Wild One by Thin Lizzy (#20).

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Tonight's the Night (Gonna Be Alright)--Rod Stewart

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald--Gordon Lightfoot
2 Muskrat Love--Captain and Tennille
3 Rock'n Me--Steve Miller Band
4 Disco Duck (Part 1)--Rick Dees and his Cast of Idiots
5 Tonight's the Night (Gonna Be Alright)--Rod Stewart
6 More than a Feeling--Boston
7 Beth--Kiss
8 Love So Right--Bee Gees
9 If You Leave Me Now--Chicago
10 Fernando--ABBA

Singles entering the chart were Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da by the Beatles (#82); Whispering/Cherchez la Femme/Se Si Bon by Dr. Buzzard’s Original “Savannah” Band (#83); 9,999,999 Tears by Dickey Lee (#84); I Like Dreamin' by Kenny Nolan (#87); Every Face Tells a Story by Olivia Newton-John (#90); Enjoy Yourself by the Jacksons (#91); Baby, Baby I Love You by Terry Cashman (#92); I Don't Wanna Lose Your Love by the Emotions (#93); I Kinda Miss You by the Manhattans (#95); Living it Down by Freddy Fender (#96); Torn Between Two Lovers by Mary MacGregor (#98); Shake Your Rump to the Funk by the Bar-Kays (#99); and Peter Gunn by Deodato (#100). Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da and its B-side, Julia, had originally been released on the album The Beatles (1968), but had never previously been released as a single.

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Rock'n Me--Steve Miller Band
2 The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald--Gordon Lightfoot
3 Disco Duck (Part 1)--Rick Dees and his Cast of Idiots
4 Fernando--ABBA
5 Love So Right--Bee Gees
6 That'll Be the Day--Linda Ronstadt
7 (Don't Fear) The Reaper--Blue Oyster Cult
8 New York to L.A.--Patsy Gallant
9 More than a Feeling--Boston
10 Beth--Kiss

Singles entering the chart were Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word by Elton John (#95); If I Only Could by the Rowans (#96); Flight '76 by the Walter Murphy Band (#97); Catfish by the Four Tops (#98); Do What You Want, Be What You Are by Daryl Hall and John Oates (#99); and Mademoiselle by Styx (#100).

Theatre
The Citadel Theatre in Edmonton opened the first phase of its new complex, with its Shoctor and Rice Theatres and Zeidler Hall.

Hockey
NHL
Vancouver 0 @ Toronto 3

Football
CFL
Eastern Semi-Final
Montreal 0 @ Hamilton 23

Joe Harris recovered 2 fumbles for touchdowns as the Tiger-Cats scored 22 points in the 2nd quarter and coasted to victory over the Alouettes before 25,107 fans at Ivor Wynne Stadium in the most recent post-season shutout in the CFL. Mr. Harris's first touchdown came on the recovery of a fumble by Montreal's Johnny Rodgers, who was attempting to return a punt out of his end zone at 9:09 of the 2nd quarter. Just 1:19 later, Mr. Harris returned another fumble 20 yards for a TD. Hamilton quarterback Jimmy Jones completed a 52-yard pass to Terry Evanshen for the final touchdown with 2:22 remaining in the 1st half. Ken Clark opened the scoring with a 70-yard punt single at 6:03 of the 2nd quarter, converted all 3 touchdowns, and scored a single on a missed 39-yard field goal with 3:09 remaining in the 3rd quarter. Mr. Rodgers caught 7 passes for 78 yards in the final game of his 4-year Canadian Football League career; he signed with the San Diego Chargers of the National Football League after the season. Montreal running back Andy Hopkins rushed 13 times for 79 yards and caught 4 passes for 24 yards. Jimmy Edwards rushed 15 times for 50 yards for the Tiger-Cats, while Angelo Santucci rushed for 50 yards on 9 carries. Mr. Jones completed just 4 of 12 passes for 57 yards, with Mr. Evanshen catching 2 for 59. The Alouettes managed just 12 first downs and 192 yards net offence, while the Tiger-Cats made just 9 first downs and 186 yards net offence.

CIAU
Atlantic Bowl @ Huskies Stadium, Halifax
Ottawa 16 @ Acadia 18

Forest City Bowl @ J.W. Little Memorial Stadium, London
British Columbia 8 @ Western Ontario 30

Bob Cameron's 4-yard touchdown pass to Don Ross in the 4th quarter provided the winning margin for the Axemen as they upset the defending Vanier Cup champion Gee Gees. Mark Chernenko scored the first Acadia touchdown on a 4-yard rush in the 1st quarter. Bob Stracina converted both touchdowns and added a 26-yard field goal early in the 2nd quarter. Fullback Mike Murphy scored both Ottawa touchdowns on rushes of 22 yards in the 1st quarter and 89 yards in the 3rd quarter. He converted both TDs, but came up short late in the game, when, with a chance to tie the score, missed a field goal, settling for a single point to leave the Axemen ahead 18-16.

Rick Scarborough rushed for 2 touchdowns and Murray Watson blocked a punt and returned it for another TD as the Mustangs took a 25-0 lead in the 1st quarter and coasted to victory over the Thunderbirds on a muddy field. Paul Ford converted all 3 touchdowns and added a field goal and a single in the 1st quarter, and kicked a field goal and another single in the 3rd quarter, while Frank McKay punted for a single on the final play of the game. The only B.C. touchdown came in the 2nd quarter on a 17 yard pass from Greg Gardiner to Evan Jones. Gary Metz converted and added a single on a missed 15-yard field goal later in the quarter. Mr. Scarborough rushed 21 times for 106 yards and caught 3 passes for 36 yards before leaving with a knee injury in the 4th quarter.

30 years ago
1986

Asiatica
The Compact of Free Association became law, granting the Federated States of Micronesia and the Marshall Islands independence from United Nations trusteeship (administered by the United States Navy from 1951-1986).

25 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Good Vibrations--Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch (featuring Loleatta Holloway) (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
Paul-Émile Léger, 87. Canadian clergyman. Cardinal Léger was Roman Catholic Archbishop of Montreal from 1950-1968, and was named a cardinal by Pope Pius XII in 1953.

Europeana
The Republic of Karelia, an autonomous republic of Russia, was formed from the former Karelian A.S.S.R.

20 years ago
1996

Died on this date
June Gale, 85. U.S. actress. Miss Gale, born June Gilmartin, entered show business as one of the Gale Sisters dancing act with her identical twin sister Jane and younger identical twins sisters Jean and Joan. The sisters appeared on Broadway in Flying High (1930) and George White's Scandals (1931). June appeared in minor roles in about three dozen movies from 1933-1940. She married musician Oscar Levant in 1939, and they remained wed until his death in 1972 despite numerous troubles. Mrs. Levant co-hosted her husband's television talk show in the late 1950s, and hosted her own talk show a few years later. She was married to screenwriter Henry Ephron from 1978-1982, and died of pneumonia.

Bill Doggett, 80. U.S. musician. Mr. Doggett was a jazz and rhythm and blues pianist and organist who had a number of hit singles on the rhythm and blues charts from 1945 -1961, but was best known for Honky Tonk (Parts 1 and 2), which reached #1 on the Billboard Rhythm and Blues chart and #2 on the pop chart in 1956.