November 22, 2016

125 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Edward Bernays. Austrian-born U.S. publicist. Mr. Bernays, a nephew of psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, has been called "the father of public relations" and one of the most influential Americans of the 20th century. He was born in Vienna, and moved with his family to New York City when he was an infant. Mr. Bernays worked with the U.S. Committee on Public Information's Bureau of Latin-American Affairs during World War I, and then worked as a "public relations counsel" in New York from 1919-1963 on behalf of businesses and governments. His advertising campaigns included the "Torches of Freedom" project in the 1920s to induce women to smoke cigarettes, and work on behalf of the United Fruit Company in the 1950s in connection with the Central Intelligence Agency's overthrow of the Guatemalan government of President Jacobo Arbenz. Mr. Bernays' books included Crystallizing Public Opinion (1923); Propaganda (1928); and Public Relations (1945). Mr. Bernays died on March 9, 1995 at the age of 103.

120 years ago
1896

Died on this date
George Ferris, Jr., 37. U.S. engineer. Mr. Ferris invented the Ferris Wheel for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. He died of typhoid fever.

110 years ago
1906

Communications
"S-O-S" was adopted as a distress signal at the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in Berlin.

100 years ago
1916

Died on this date
Jack London, 40. U.S. author and journalist. Mr. London, born John Griffith Chaney, was one of the first writers to achieve fame and fortune just as a result of his fiction. He spent time at sea and in the Klondike during the gold rush of the late 1890s, and his experiences inspired novels such as The Call of the Wild (1903); The Sea-Wolf (1904); and White Fang (1906), as well as numerous short stories. Mr. London also served as a war correspondent during the Russo-Japanese War in 1904-1905, and covered the heavyweight boxing championship fights of Jack Johnson against Tommy Burns and Jim Jeffries. Mr. London was an atheist, socialist, and animal welfare advocate, and died of kidney failure exacerbated by heavy drinking.

75 years ago
1941

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Piano Concerto in B Flat--Freddy Martin and his Orchestra (8th week at #1)

Died on this date
Werner Mölders, 28. German military aviator. Oberst (Colonel) Mölders was the leading German air ace during the Spanish Civil War, and the first flying ace to claim 100 victories in combat. He was killed in the crash of a plane in which he was a passenger on the way from Crimea to Germany to attend the funeral of his superior, Ernst Udet, who had committed suicide on November 17.

Diplomacy
U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull conferred in Washington with Viscount Halifax (U.K.); Dr. Hu Shih (China); Richard Casey (Australia); and Dr. A. Loudon (Netherlands) on the Far Eastern situation.

Defense
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order authorizing the Office of Production Management to seize property required for national defense.

Politics and government
Chilean Interior Minister Leonardo Guzman and Defense Minister Carlos Valdovinos resigned.

The Panamanian government banned the circulation of anti-democratic propaganda.

Medicine
Dr. Leslie Chambers and Werner Henle of the University of Pennsylvania showed the first photographs of influenza virus type A, which were taken with an electron microscope and showed the virus to be 4 ten-millionths of an inch in diameter.

Labour
Congress of Industrial Organizations United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis and the UMW policy committee accepted U.S. President Roosevelt's appointment of a three-man commission to arbitrate the union's demand for a closed shop, and ordered striking coal miners to return to work immediately. The Congress of Industrial Organizations convention in Detroit adjourned after adopting resolutions scoring the Federal Bureau of Investigation as "political police" and the National Labor Relations Board as biased aganst CIO unions.

Football
CRU
Eastern Final
Hamilton (ORFU) 2 @ Ottawa (IRFU) 7

Bert Haigh's touchdown, converted by Eric Chipper, provided all the scoring the Rough Riders needed to defeat the Wildcats at Lansdowne Park to advance to the Grey Cup. Arnie McWatters punted for a single for the other Ottawa point. Scotty Wright punted for 2 singles to account for the Wildcats' scoring.

70 years ago
1946

Died on this date
Otto Georg Thierack, 57. German jurist and politician. Mr. Thierack joined the Nazi Party in 1932 and rose to the rank of President of the People's Court (Volksgerichtshof). He was Reich Minister of Justice from August 20, 1942-April 30, 1945. Mr. Thierack handed convicts over to the SS for punishment during World War II, was arrested at the conclusion of the war. He committed suicide in prison by poisoning before he could be tried at Nuremberg for war crimes.

Politics and government
Bulgarian Communist leader Georgi Dimitrov became Premier and named a cabinet that included 10 Communists, five Peasant Party members, and two Socialists.

Bolivia's governing Liberal Party nominated former Ambassador to the United States Luis Gernando Guachalla as President.

Law
A U.S. district court in Washington dismissed charges against 26 surviving defendants of the 1942 mass indictments for sedition, saying that another trial would be a "travesty on justice."

Labour
Congress of Industrial Organizations United Mine Workers of America President John L. Lewis returned to Washington to appear before U.S. district court in the current mining dispute, while 3,000 striking hard coal miners resumed work.

The annual CIO convention ended in Atlantic City after re-electing Philip Murray as President and United Auto Workers leaders Walter Reuther and R.J. Thomas as Vice Presidents.

Baseball
The Baseball Writers Association of America named Stan Musial of the St. Louis Cardinals as the National League's Most Valuable Player for 1946. "Stan the Man" played 156 games--114 games at first base and 42 in left field--leading the NL in batting percntage (.365); slugging percentage (.587); at bats (624); runs (124); hits (228); doubles (50); and triples (20), and was third in runs batted in (103) as the Cardinals defeated the Brooklyn Dodgers in a two-game playoff to win the NL pennant and then defeated the Boston Red Sox 4 games to 3 in the World Series.

60 years ago
1956

Hit parade
#1 single in France (IFOP): Au revoir Rome--Lucienne Delyle (8th week at #1)

At the movies
La adúltera, written and directed by Tulio Demicheli, and starring Victor Junco, Luis Aldás, Silvia Pinal, and Ana Luisa Peluffo, opened in theatres in Mexico.



Died on this date
Theodore Kosloff, 74. Russian-born U.S. actor, dancer, and choreographer. Mr. Kosloff, born Fyodor Mikhailovich Kozlov, toured internationally as a ballet dancer before moving to the United States in 1909. He choreographed Broadway musicals, and acted in silent movies, usually as a foreign lover.

War
Canadian Army General E.L.M. Burns arrived in Egypt and took command of the United Nations Emergency Force, setting up temporary headquarters in Cairo.

Crime
The U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in San Francisco granted convicted robber, kidnapper, and rapist Caryl Chessman a stay of execution in order to allow him to make another appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.

Disasters
121 deaths were reported following a cholera outbreak in Dacca, East Pakistan.

Olympics
The Summer Olympic Games opened in Melbourne. Earlier, nine students at St. John's College at the University of Sydney had perpetrated a hoax using a fake Olympic flame, using a torch made of a chair leg painted silver, topped by a plum pudding tin containing a pair of undershorts set on fire. The final person in the relay to Sydney, veterinary student Barry Larkin, arrived ahead of the real relay and presented the fake torch to Mayor Pat Hills, who at first thought it was real.





Football
NFL
Green Bay (3-6) 24 @ Detroit (7-2) 20

Baseball
The Baseball Writers Association of America named Brooklyn Dodgers' pitcher Don Newcombe as the National League's Most Valuable Player for 1956. Mr. Newcombe posted a record of 27-7 with an earned run average of 3.06, 18 complete games, and 5 shutouts in 38 games, leading the NL in wins and winning percentage (.794), while batting .234 with 2 home runs and 16 runs batted in in 52 games as the Dodgers won the NL pennant.

50 years ago
1966

On television tonight
The Fugitive, starring David Janssen, on ABC
Tonight's episode: Nobody Loses All the Time, with guest stars Joanna Moore and Philip Pine

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Money, Money, Money--ABBA (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Japan (Oricon Singles Chart): Abayo--Naoko Ken (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): O Tú, O Nada--Pablo Abraira (2nd week at #1)

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Notorious--Duran Duran (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Don't Leave Me This Way--The Communards (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Don't Leave Me This Way--The Communards (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Take My Breath Away--Berlin (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Take My Breath Away--Berlin (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Human--Human League

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Amanda--Boston (3rd week at #1)
2 Human--Human League
3 True Blue--Madonna
4 You Give Love a Bad Name--Bon Jovi
5 The Next Time I Fall--Peter Cetera with Amy Grant
6 Take Me Home Tonight--Eddie Money
7 Word Up--Cameo
8 Hip to Be Square--Huey Lewis and the News
9 The Way it Is--Bruce Hornsby and the Range
10 The Rain--Oran "Juice" Jones

Singles entering the chart were War by Bruce Springsteen (#44); Two People by Tina Turner (#71); Thorn in My Side by Eurythmics (#78); Heartache Away by Don Johnson (#81); Keep Your Hands to Yourself by the Georgia Satellites (#83); Talk to Me by Chico Debarge (#84); Stranglehold by Paul McCartney (#85); Tasty Love by Freddie Jackson (#86); Every Beat of My Heart by Rod Stewart (#87); French Kissin' by Debbie Harry (#88); Suburbia by Pet Shop Boys (#89); and Best of Both Worlds by Van Halen (#90).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 True Blue--Madonna
2 Human--Human League
3 The Lady in Red--Chris de Burgh
4 Two of Hearts--Stacey Q
5 True Colors--Cyndi Lauper
6 Spirit in the Sky--Doctor and the Medics
7 Amanda--Boston
8 The Next Time I Fall--Peter Cetera with Amy Grant
9 Rumors--Timex Social Club
10 When I Think of You--Janet Jackson

Singles entering the chart were Shake You Down by Gregory Abbott (#90); Two People by Tina Turner (#91); Will You Still Love Me? by Chicago (#92); Victory by Kool and The Gang (#94); and Too Much or Nothing by General Public (#98).

Died on this date
Elzire Dionne, 77. Canadian mother. Mrs. Dionne had 14 children from 1926-1946, and gave birth to quintuplet sisters Yvonne, Annette, Cécile, Émilie, and Marie on May 28, 1934 near Callander, Ontario. They were born two months premature, and were the first quintuplets on record to survive. Émilie died in 1954, Marie died in 1970, Yvonne died in 2001, and Annette and Cécile are still alive.

Scatman Crothers, 76. U.S. musician and actor. Benjamin Sherman Crothers played a variety of instruments in various jazz bands, and acquired his nickname by developing the skill of scat singing. He provided voices for cartoons and appeared as a supporting actor in numerous movies and television programs, but was perhaps best known for playing garbageman Louie Wilson in the television comedy series Chico and the Man (1974-1978). Mr. Crothers was a heavy smoker and battled lung cancer for years before dying of pneumonia.

Boxing
Mike Tyson (28-0) scored a technical knockout of Trevor Berbick (31-5-1) at 2:35 of the 2nd round to win the World Boxing Council world heavyweight championship at Caesar's Palace in Las Vegas, becoming the youngest fighter to win the world heavyweight title.



Hockey
NHL
Vancouver 2 @ Edmonton 5

Wayne Gretzky scored his 500th career National Hockey League goal to help the Oilers beat the Canucks. He reached the mark in a record-setting 575 games, becoming the 13th NHL player to score 500 goals.

Football
CIAU
Vanier Cup @ Varsity Stadium Toronto
British Columbia 25 Western Ontario 23

Backup quarterback Eric Putoto, inserted into the game in the 4th quarter to relieve starter Jordan Gagner, mounted a 62-yard drive in the last 2 minutes of regulation time, finishing with a 4-yard touchdown pass to slotback Rob Ros with 9 seconds remaining to give the Thunderbirds the victory over the Mustangs before 17,847 fans at Varsity Stadium. It was the second touchdown of the game for Mr. Ros, who had scored earlier on a pass from Mr. Gagner. The Thunderbirds led 17-1 at halftime, but the Mustangs dominated the 2nd half, as Blake Marshall rushed for one touchdown and Dave Sapunjis and Andy Filipiuk caught touchdown passes from quarterback Steve Samways.



25 years ago
1991

At the movies
An American Tail: Fievel Goes West opened in theatres. Among the actors using their voices in this animated film was James Stewart, and it was his final movie role.



20 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Breathe--The Prodigy

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Rat Trap--Dustin (2nd week at #1)

Died on this date
María Casares, 74. Spanish-born French actress. Miss Casares was the daughter of a member of the Republican government in Spain in the 1930s, and fled to Paris with her mother at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936. She became a renowned stage actress in France, and appeared in films such as Les Enfants du paradis (Children of Paradise) (1945); Les Dames du Bois de Boulogne (The Ladies of the Bois de Boulogne) (1945); and La Lectrice (The Reader) (1988), receiving a César Award nomination for her supporting performance in the latter. Miss Casarès died of colon cancer, the day after her 74th birthday.

Mark Lenard, 72. U.S. actor. Mr. Lenard, born Leonard Rosenson, was a character actor who was best known for playing Sarek, the father of Mr. Spock, in three Star Trek television series and five movies from 1966-1991. He died from multiple myeloma.

10 years ago
2006

Died on this date
John Allan Cameron, 67. Canadian musician. Mr. Cameron, a native of Inverness County, Nova Scotia, was a folksinger who earned the nickname of "The Godfather of Celtic Music" in Canada, and recorded and performed regularly on television from the late 1960s thorugh the early 1980s. He died of cancer, 24 days before his 68th birthday.

Pat Dobson, 64. U.S. baseball pitcher. Mr. Dobson played with the Detroit Tigers (1967-1969); San Diego Padres (1970); Baltimore Orioles (1971-1972); Atlanta Braves (1972); New York Yankees (1973-1975); and Cleveland Indians (1976-1977), compiling a record of 122-129 with an earned run average of 3.54 in 414 games. He was a member of the Tigers' World Series championship club in 1968, and had his best season in 1971, when he was 20-8 with a 2.90 ERA, finishing the season with 12 straight wins and joining Dave McNally, Mike Cuellar, and Jim Palmer as the Orioles had four 20-game winners. On a post-season tour of Japan, Mr. Dobson pitched a no-hitter as the Orioles defeated the Yomiuri Giants in Tokyo on November 2, 1971. After his playing career, Mr. Dobson was a pitching coach with the Milwaukee Brewers (1982-1984); Padres (1988-1990); Kansas City Royals (1991); and Orioles (1996). He died of leukemia.

Politics and government
The Conservative government of Prime Minister Stephen Harper introduced a motion in the House of Commons to recognize the Quebecois as a nation within Canada.