July 20, 2016

425 years ago
1591

Baptized on this date
Anne Hutchinson. English-boen American religious figure. Mrs. Hutchinson and her husband William were Puritans who emigrated to Massachusetts Bay in 1634, and became members of the First Church in Boston, pastored by John Cotton, who had been their minister in England. She began hosting Bible studies for women at her home; her claim to receive direct revelation from God and her "free grace" views eventually put her in conflict with the local authorities, whom she regarded as preaching a covenant of works. Mrs. Hutchinson was convicted of "enthusiasm," and was imprisoned before being banished from the colony. She and her family went to Rhode Island, where they established the settlement of Portsmouth, and then moved to New York after her husband died. Mrs. Hutchinson, six of her children, and other household members were killed by Siwanoy Indians in August 1643, when she was 52.

150 years ago
1866

Died on this date
Bernhard Riemann, 39. German mathematician. Dr. Riemann made significant and lasting contributions to analysis, number theory, and differential geometry. He died of tuberculosis.

120 years ago
1896

Politics and government
George Murray took office as Premier of Nova Scotia, replacing retiring Liberal Premier William Fielding.

110 years ago
1906

Politics and government
Treaty No. 10 was signed by representatives of the Crown with Indians of northern Saskatchewan and the Northwest Territories.

Baseball
Mal Eason pitched a no-hitter for the Brooklyn Dodgers as they blanked the St. Louis Cardinals 2-0 at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis.

75 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Lew Fields, 74. U.S. comedian. Mr. Fields, born Moses Schoenfeld, teamed with Joe Weber to form the comedy team Weber and Fields, who were popular from the 1880s to the 1900s.

Movies
Will Hays, President of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America, said that "the great function of the entertainment screen is to entertain" and not to spread propaganda.

Politics and government
The cabinet of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was shuffled, with Information Minister Alfred Duff Cooper becoming Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster; he was replaced as Information Minister by Brendan Bracken.

U.S.S.R. Vice-Premier Lavrenti Beria was put in charge of the Soviet secret police force NKVD.

World events
Former Bolivian Finance Minister Victor Paz Estenssoro was arrested in Tarija on a charge of being connected with a proposed "Nazi putsch." Several newspapers were suspended, while the government claimed to have proof that the German embassy had sought to interfere in Bolivia's internal affairs.

Defense
Colombian President Eduardo Santos declared that Colombia would make certain that the Panama Canal would never be attacked "from our territory."

Labour
Congress of Industrial Organizations United Federal Workers Secretary-Treasurer Eleanor Nelson charged that U.S. government employees were undergoing a "virtual reign of terror in which Gestapo methods are being used" to ferret out suspected subversives.

CIO United Auto Workers official Loren Houser wrote a letter to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt urging him to order the government seizure of the strike-bound Bendix, New Jersey plant of Air Associates, Inc.

70 years ago
1946

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): The Gypsy--The Ink Spots (Best Seller--9th week at #1; Juke Box--8th week at #1); Prisoner of Love--Perry Como with Russ Case and his Orchestra (Airplay--1st week at #1); The Gypsy--The Ink Spots; Dinah Shore (Honor Roll of Hits--9th week at #1)

War
The report of the U.S. Senate committee investigating the December 7, 1941 Japanese attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii was released. The Democratic majority section accused Army General Walter Short and Navy Admiral Husband Kimmel of errors of judgement, while the Republican minority section blamed members of the cabinet of President Franklin D. Roosevelt for failing "to perform the responsibilities...essential to the defense of Pearl Harbor."

Defense
The U.S. House of Representatives passed and sent to the Senate the amended version of the MacMahon atomic energy control bill, providing for military representation on the proposed control commission and allowing the Army and Navy to manufacture nuclear weapons without supervision. In their final report to U.S. President Harry Truman, members of the Strategic Bombing Survey suggested the creation of an air arm having equal status with the Army and Navy.

Politics and government
Bolivian President Gualberto Villaroel named a three-man military cabinet after a three-day uprising of students and workers in which 100 had been reported killed.

Scandal
U.S. military authorities in Frankfurt revealed that they were investigating two more cases of art looting by American officers in Germany, one involving a Rubens painting valued at $20,000.

Economics and finance
General Joseph McNary of the U.S. military government in Germany told the Allied Control Council in Berlin that the U.S. would join any other occupying power in treating their zones as a single economic unit.

Disasters
33 people were killed when a cyclone struck the Rimini beach area in Italy.

60 years ago
1956

Hit parade
#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Why Do Fools Fall in Love--Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers

Diplomacy
Yugoslavian President Marshal Josip Tito, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, and Egyptian President Gamal Nasser concluded their talks on the Adriatic islands of Brioni and Vanga with a joint communique reaffirming their faith in "collective security on a world basis" and attacking French "colonial domination" of Algeria.

Defense
The West German Bundesrat voted final approval of the first post-World War II German military conscription bill.

10,000 U.S. federal employees began a three-day test of civil defense preparedness in 75 target areas within a 250-mile radius of Washington, D.C.

Politics and government
New York Governor Averell Harriman began a western trip to seek support for his campaign for the 1956 Democratic Party nomination for President of the United States.

Energy
The British Foreign Office announced the cancellation of a $14-million Aswan High Dam grant.

50 years ago
1966

At the movies
The Wild Angels, produced and directed by Roger Corman, and starring Peter Fonda, Nancy Sinatra, Bruce Dern, and Diana Ladd, opened in theatres.





Space
Gemini 10 Pilot Michael Collins carried out his second extravehicular activity (EVA), using a nitrogen-powered hand-held maneuvering unit to perform a space walk from the spacecraft to the Agena target vehicle. The EVA lasted 39 minutes.

40 years ago
1976

Space
The U.S. probe Viking 1 landed on Mars and transmitted photographs of the surface back to Earth.

Football
CFL
Calgary (0-1) 22 @ Edmonton (1-0) 24

Bruce Lemmerman relieved Tom Wilkinson at quarterback and directed the Eskimos to 2 touchdowns in the 4th quarter as they came back from a 21-10 deficit at Clarke Stadium. Keith Barnette, playing his first CFL game, rushed 1 yard for a touchdown to begin the comeback, and Mr. Lemmerman connected with George McGowan for the winning score. The Stampeders had a chance to tie the game on the final play, but Cyril McFall's field goal attempt was wide for a single point. It was also the first CFL game for Calgary middle linebacker Tom Higgins.

Baseball
George Scott and Hank Aaron hit consecutive home runs in the bottom of the 7th inning to help the Milwaukee Brewers defeat the California Angels 6-2 before 10,134 fans at County Stadium in Milwaukee. Mr. Aaron's homer, off Dick Drago, was his 10th of the season and the 755th and last of his major league career.

Phil Garner tripled home 3 runs with 2 out in the top of the 9th inning to climax a 4-run rally as the Oakland Athletics beat the Cleveland Indians 7-4 before 11,315 fans at Cleveland Stadium.

Bobby Grich drove in 5 runs with a home run, triple, and bases-loaded walk to help the Baltimore Orioles defeat the Kansas City Royals 10-3 before 16,145 fans at Royals Stadium. Lee May hit 2 solo homers for Baltimore, the first of which followed a home run by Reggie Jackson.

The Chicago White Sox took a 7-0 lead after 1 inning, but the New York Yankees answered with 7 in the top of the 2nd and went on to win 14-9 before 19,776 fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago in a game that was called because of rain with 1 out in the bottom of the 8th. New York catcher Thurman Munson had 3 hits and 4 runs batted in, while second baseman Bill Stein led the White Sox with a single, double, home run, 3 runs, and 3 RBIs. Ken Holtzman started on the mound for New York but allowed 5 hits and 7 runs--6 earned--in 1/3 inning before being relieved by Jim York, who allowed 6 hits and 2 runs--1 earned--in 7 innings to get the 16th and last win of his seven-year major league career.

The Montreal Expos scored all their runs in the first 3 innings and held on for a 4-3 win over the Atlanta Braves before 10,423 fans at Jarry Park in Montreal in a game that was interrupted by two lengthy rain delays. Don Carrithers pitched a 6-hit complete game to win the pitchers' duel over Andy Messersmith, who also pitched a complete game.

The Pittsburgh Pirates scored 6 runs in the bottom of the 1st inning and coasted to a 9-5 win over the Houston Astros in the first game of a doubleheader before 11,922 fans at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh. Enos Cabell tripled to lead off the top of the 9th inning of the second game and scored on a sacrifice fly by Ed Herrmann to give the Astros a 4-3 win. Bo McLaughlin made his major league debut on the mound with Houston in the second game, allowing 6 hits and 3 runs--1 earned--in 6 innings, striking out 4 batters and walking none. Ken Forsch pitched 3 scoreless innings and got the win. Rick Langford started for Pittsburgh, allowing 5 hits and 3 runs--2 earned--in 6 1/3 innings.

All the runs were scored in the 1st inning as the New York Mets edged the Cincinnati Reds 2-1 before 37,020 fans at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. Jerry Koosman pitched a 5-hit complete game to improve to 11-6 for the season, while Gary Nolan dropped to 8-5.

Randy Jones pitched a 4-hit shutout to improve his record for the season to 17-4 and the San Diego Padres scored all their runs in the 4th inning as they blanked the Philadelphia Phillies 3-0 before 20,499 fans at San Diego Stadium in a game that was played in 1 hour 31 minutes. Steve Carlton allowed 4 hits and 3 earned runs in 5 innings to drop to 10-4.

Davey Lopes' solo home run with 1 out in the 2nd inning provided the deciding run as the Los Angeles Dodgers held on to edge the St. Louis Cardinals 3-2 before 20,629 fans at Dodger Stadium. Doug Rau pitched a 5-hit complete game to win the pitchers' duel over Lynn McGlothen.

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Sailing Away--All of Us (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Venus--Bananarama (2nd week at #1)

Auto racing
CART
Bobby Rahal won the first Toronto Molson Indy.



Golf
Greg Norman won the British Open at Turnberry Golf Resort, Scotland with an even-par score of 280, 5 strokes ahead of Gordon Brand. First prize money was £70,000.





25 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Australian Music Report): Read My Lips--Melissa (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)--Crystal Waters (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)--Crystal Waters (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): The Shoop Shoop Song (It's in his Kiss)--Cher

#1 single in Flanders (Ultratop 50): Gypsy Woman (She's Homeless)--Crystal Waters (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): La Zoubida--Lagaf'

#1 single in the U.K. (CIN): (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams (2nd week at #1)

Netherlands Top 10 (De Nederlandse Top 40)
1 Driver's Seat--Sniff 'n' the Tears
2 More than Words--Extreme
3 I Wanna Sex You Up--Color Me Badd
4 Burbujas de Amor--Juan Luis Guerra y 4;40
5 Mooi Man--Mannenkoor Karrespoor
6 Gypsy Woman (La Da Dee La Da Da)--Crystal Waters
7 La Cumbia--Sailor
8 The Shoop Shoop Song (It's in his Kiss)--Cher
9 Rush Rush--Paula Abdul
10 Kozmik--Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers

Singles entering the chart were Now that We Found Love by Heavy D and the Boyz (#23); Send Me an Angel by the Scorpions (#26); Chocolate Cake by Crowded House (#28); You and Your Sister by This Mortal Coil (#32); Unforgettable by Natalie Cole with Nat 'King' Cole (#36); and Gonna Catch You by Lonnie Gordon (#37).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 Unbelievable--EMF
2 Rush Rush--Paula Abdul
3 Right Here, Right Now--Jesus Jones
4 (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams
5 P.A.S.S.I.O.N.--Rythm Syndicate
6 I Wanna Sex You Up--Color Me Badd
7 Piece of My Heart--Tara Kemp
8 Place in this World--Michael W. Smith
9 Summertime--D.J. Jazzy Jeff & the Fresh Prince
10 Here I Am (Come and Take Me)--UB40

Singles entering the chart were The Promise of a New Day by Paula Abdul (#40); Things that Make You Go Hmmmm... by C + C Music Factory featuring Freedom Williams (#49); It Hit Me Like a Hammer by Huey Lewis and the News (#80); Good Vibrations by Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch (featuring Loleatta Holloway) (#82); Something to Talk About by Bonnie Raitt (#83); Everybody Plays the Fool by Aaron Neville (#87); Latin Active by Lighter Shade of Brown featuring Teardrop & Shiro (#92); There She Goes by the La's (#94); Gotta Have You by Stevie Wonder (#98); and Wanna Dance by Yasmin (#99).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Unbelievable—EMF (2nd week at #1)
2 Right Here, Right Now--Jesus Jones
3 Place in this World--Michael W. Smith
4 Rush Rush--Paula Abdul
5 P.A.S.S.I.O.N.--Rythm Syndicate
6 I Wanna Sex You Up—Color Me Badd
7 More than Words—Extreme
8 Here I Am (Come and Take Me)--UB40
9 Lily was Here--David A. Stewart introducing Candy Dulfer
10 Piece of My Heart--Tara Kemp

Singles entering the chart were The Promise of a New Day by Paula Abdul (#43); It Hit Me Like a Hammer by Huey Lewis and the News (#61); Things that Make You Go Hmmmm... by C + C Music Factory featuring Freedom Williams (#82); and The Sound of Your Voice by 38 Special (#88).

Canada’s Top 10 (RPM)
1 Rush Rush—Paula Abdul (3rd week at #1)
2 More than Words—Extreme
3 A Better Love--Londonbeat
4 Unbelievable--EMF
5 (Everything I Do) I Do it for You--Bryan Adams
6 Walking in Memphis—Marc Cohn
7 Fading Like a Flower--Roxette
8 It Ain't Over 'Til It's Over--Lenny Kravitz
9 Chocolate Cake--Crowded House
10 The Rhythm of Your Love--Glass Tiger

Singles entering the chart were The Motown Song by Rod Stewart (with the Temptations) (#59); 3 A.M. Eternal by KLF (#67); P.A.S.S.I.O.N. by Rythm Syndicate (#90); Honest Man by Electric Light Orchestra (#92); Hey Stoopid by Alice Cooper (#96); Call Me by Acosta-Russell (#97); Monkey Business by Skid Row (#98); and Rollin' On by the Doobie Brothers (#99).

Died on this date
Earl Robinson, 81. U.S. musician. Mr. Robinson trained as a violinist, violist, and pianist before composing films scores and songs. He wrote the music for songs such as The House I Live In; Ballad for Americans; Black and White; and Joe Hill. Mr. Robinson was a member of the Communist Party, which led to him being blacklisted in Hollywood in the late 1940s; during his blacklist period, he wrote and sang songs for the soundtrack of the short documentary film Muscle Beach (1948). Mr. Robinson was killed in a car accident, 18 days after his 81st birthday.

20 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (ARIA): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (Hit Parade Italia): Summer is Crazy--Alexia (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Flanders (VRT): Macarena--Los Del Rio (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Wallonia (Ultratop 40): Macarena--Los Del Rio (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in France (SNEP): Tic, Tic Tac--Carrapicho (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (BMRB): Forever Love--Gary Barlow

U.S.A. Top 10 (Billboard)
1 How Do U Want It/California Love--2Pac featuring K-Ci and JoJo/2 Pac featuring Dr. Dre & Roger Troutman (2nd week at #1)
2 You're Makin' Me High/Let it Flow--Toni Braxton
3 Give Me One Reason--Tracy Chapman
4 Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)--Los Del Rio
5 Tha Crossroads--Bone Thugs-N-Harmony
6 Twisted--Keith Sweat
7 I Can't Sleep Baby (If I)--R. Kelly
8 C'mon N' Ride It (The Train)--Quad City DJ's
9 Change the World--Eric Clapton
10 Because You Loved Me--Céline Dion

Singles entering the chart were Change the World; Mint Car by the Cure (#58); Maria by Ricky Martin (#90); Paparazzi by Xzibit (#91); Waiting for Wednesday by Lisa Loeb & Nine Stories (#93); and Never Too Busy by Kenny Lattimore (#94).

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 You're Makin' Me High/Let it Flow--Toni Braxton (2nd week at #1)
2 How Do You Want It/California Love--2Pac (featuring KC and JoJo)/(featuring Dr. Dre and Roger Troutman)
3 Tha Crossroads--Bone Thugs-N-Harmony
4 C'mon n' Ride It (The Train)--Quad City DJ’s
5 Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)--Los Del Rio
6 Give Me One Reason--Tracy Chapman
7 Twisted--Keith Sweat
8 Why I Love You So Much--Monica
9 Always Be My Baby--Mariah Carey
10 Theme from Mission: Impossible--Adam Clayton & Larry Mullen, Jr.

Singles entering the chart were It's a Party by Busta Rhymes (featuring Zhane) (#48); One by One by Cher (#57); All Along by Blessid Union of Souls (#77); Where Do We Go from Here by Vanessa Williams (#80); and The Things that You Do by Gina Thompson (#89).

Terrorism
35 people were killed when a bomb exploded in Reus, Spain. Two more bombs exploded in Spanish resort towns, but warnings had left time for evacuation, while a fourth bomb was defused.

Abominations
330 Tutsi civilians from Rwanda were massacred, the day after the beginning of forced repatriation from refugee camps in Burundi.

Disasters
Torrential rains struck Québec's Saguenay and North Shore regions; up to 277 millimetres fell around the Réserve faunique des Laurentides, bursting dams, dikes and embankments, killing 10 people, destroying 22,488 homes and leaving 10,000 homeless. An inquiry later reported that the region's system of dams was poorly maintained.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (3-1) 22 @ Calgary (4-0) 40

10 years ago
2006

Died on this date
Robert Cornthwaite, 89. U.S. actor. Mr. Cornthwaite was a character actor in numerous films and television programs, often playing scientists or lawyers. His movies included The Thing from Another World (1951) and The War of the Worlds (1953).

Football
CFL
Hamilton (1-5) 38 @ Montreal (5-0) 41



Winnipeg (3-2) 25 @ Edmonton (2-3) 22

In one of the most shocking endings to a game in CFL history, Winnipeg quarterback Kevin Glenn completed a 100-yard touchdown bomb to Milt Stegall on the last play of the game to give the Blue Bombers their win over the Eskimos before 37,611 fans at Commonwealth Stadium. The Eskimos had taken a 22-19 lead with just 15 seconds remaining in regulation time on a 9-yard pass from Ricky Ray to Jason Tucker and a 5-yard pass from Mr. Ray to Richard Alston for a 2-point convert. 4 seconds remained when the Blue Bombers scrimmaged on second down from their own 10-yard line. Winnipeg led 7-4 at halftime, and Mr. Glenn rushed 1 yard for the game's first touchdown in the 3rd quarter, converted by Troy Westwood, who added a single on the kickoff to make the score 14-4. The first Edmonton touchdown came on a 32-yard pass from Mr. Ray to Mr. Tucker later in the 3rd quarter. Mr. Glenn completed 20 of 35 passes for 374 yards. Mr. Ray completed 26 of 38 passes for 342 yards, while Ed Hervey led Edmonton receivers with 93 yards on 6 receptions. The disastrous ending did nothing to endear Edmonton head coach Danny Maciocia to the local fans, and the play did as much as anything to finish the Eskimos' long reign as a powerhouse.