July 25, 2016

1,000 years ago
1016

Born on this date
Casimir I. Duke of Poland, 1038-1058. Casimir the Restorer was the son of King Mieszko II, who died in 1034 under suspicious circumstances. Casimir was de facto ruler of Poland--with several interruptions--until his death on November 28, 1058 at the age of 42.

250 years ago
1766

War
Pontiac, chief of the Ottawa Indians, made a formal treaty with British Superintendent of Indian Affairs Sir William Johnson at Fort Ontario, New York; the Treaty of Oswego marked the end of the uprising that had begun in 1763.

225 years ago
1791

Died on this date
Isaac Low, 56. American politician. Mr. Low was a merchant in New York City who initially supported the American patriot cause, and was a delegate from New York to the First Continental Congress in 1774 and the New York Provincial Congress in 1775. He advocated a moderate approach to relations with Britain, and became a Loyalist after the Declaration of Independence in 1776. Mr. Low was imprisoned for treason in New Jersey, but was freed after intervention by George Washington. Mr. Low emigrated to England in 1783 and died there.

180 years ago
1836

Transportation
The Champlain and St. Lawrence Railway opened for business; the 17-mile portage road running from La Prairie, opposite Montréal, to St-Jean, Québec on the Richelieu River, was Canada's first public railway line.

150 years ago
1866

Defense
The United States Congress passed legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant became the first to be promoted to this rank.

120 years ago
1896

Born on this date
Elizabeth MacKintosh. U.K. authoress and playwright. Miss MacKintosh wrote novels under the name Josephine Tey and plays under the name Gordon Daviot. She was best known for the novel The Daughter of Time (1951), a detective work investigating the role of Richard III of England in the death of the Princes in the Tower. Miss MacKintosh's best-known play was probably her first, Richard of Bordeaux (1932). She died of liver cancer on February 13, 1952 at the age of 55.

Jack Perrin. U.S. actor. Mr. Perrin began appearing in silent movies in 1917, and was best kown for starring in low-budget Westerns in the 1930s. He appeared in small roles in several television programs in later years, and died of a heart attack on December 17, 1967 at the age of 71.

100 years ago
1916

Born on this date
Fred Lasswell. U.S. cartoonist. Mr. Lasswell began apprenticing under Billy DeBeck on the comic strip Barney Google and Snuffy Smith in 1934, and took over the strip upon Mr. DeBeck;s death in 1942, writing and drawing it until he died in his sleep on March 4, 2001 at the age of 84. He was awarded the National Cartoonists Society's Reuben Award in 1963 as the year's outstanding cartoonist.

80 years ago
1936

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Louis Hector and Harry West, on MBS
Tonight’s episode: The Noble Bachelor

Theatre
The Federal Theatre Project's production of Macbeth, produced by John Houseman and starring Orson Welles, finished its five-night run at the Park Theatre in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

Baseball
Frankie Hayes hit 4 doubles, the last with the bases loaded in the 9th inning, to lead the Philadelphia Athletics to a 15-12 win over the Cleveland Indians at League Park in Cleveland.

The Boston Red Sox scored 6 runs in the 2nd inning and 12 more in the 5th to rout the Detroit Tigers 18-3 before 22,000 fans at Navin Field in Detroit. Doc Cramer led the Red Sox with 4 hits. Lefty Grove pitched a complete game for the victory, improving to 12-6 for the season; Tommy Bridges took the loss, dropping to 12-7.

The Chicago Cubs scored 4 runs in each of the 3rd, 5th, and 8th innings as they routed the Philadelphia Phillies 17-4 before 6,000 fans at Baker Bowl in Philadelphia.

The New York Giants rallied for 3 runs with 2 out in the bottom of the 9th inning to defeat the Cincinnati Reds 5-4 before 10,316 fans at the Polo Grounds in New York. Burgess Whitehead singled in 2 runs to tie the game and advanced to third base on an error by Cincinnati right fielder Kiki Cuyler; after an intentional walk to Mel Ott, Hank Leiber singled home Mr. Whitehead. Losing pitcher Bill Hallahan hit a home run in the top of the 9th to give Cincinnati a 4-2 lead.

75 years ago
1941

Died on this date
John Ford, 78. U.S. politician and judge. Mr. Ford sat in the New York State Senate from 1896-1900 and on the New York Supreme Court from 1907-1932. He founded the Clean Books League, and died three days before his 79th birthday.

War
The Soviet Air Force attacked the Romanian ports of Constante and Sulina.

U.S. Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles wired the foreign ministers of Peru and Ecuador, urging them to stop their border conflict so that the U.S.A., Argentina, and Brazil could aid in mediating the dispute.

Diplomacy
The German Transocean Press Service was convicted of failing to register in the United States as an agent of the German government, and was fined $1,000.

Technology
Radio Corporation of America announced the development of a high-voltage electron microscope, making it possible to magnify objects 100,000 times.

Scandal
Enoch Johnson, Republican Party leader of Atlantic County, New Jersey, was found guilty of evading payment of $38,716 in federal income taxes on money he received from the numbers racket.

Economics and finance
The U.S. ordered a freeze on all Japanese assets in the United States; Chinese assets were also frozen, at Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek's request, "to prevent the liquidation...of assets obtained by duress or conquest."

Labour
Over 3,000 Panamanian and Latin American workers in the Gatun area of the Canal Zone fought against labourers imported from the West Indies.

Chess
Reuben Fine retained his U.S. Chess Federation open title, defeating George Sturgis in St. Louis.

Baseball
Lefty Grove (7-4) went the distance for his 300th and last career major league win, allowing 12 hits and 5 earned runs, as the Boston Red Sox beat the Cleveland Indians 10-6 before 10,000 fans at Fenway Park in Boston. Jim Tabor hit 2 home runs for the Red Sox, and Ted Williams hit a 2-run homer to break a 6-6 tie. Al Milnar (8-13) took the loss for the Indians in relief of Mel Harder.

The New York Yankees scored 5 runs in the 4th inning and 3 in the 8th as they blanked the Chicago White Sox 8-0 before 8,109 fans at Yankee Stadium. Spud Chandler (3-3) pitched a 3-hit shutout without striking out a batter, while Tommy Henrich and Charlie Keller each hit 3-run home runs. All 8 runs were unearned.

The Philadelphia Athletics scored 6 runs in the 7th inning and 3 in the 8th as they defeated the Detroit Tigers 11-5 at Shibe Park in Philadelphia. The Tigers scored 4 runs in the top of the 8th.

The Boston Braves scored 3 runs in the 1st inning and 5 in the second as they coasted to an 8-0 win over the St. Louis Cardinals before 22,933 fans at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis. Jim Tobin (7-5) pitched a 3-hit shutout, while Paul Waner hit his first home run of the season, a 3-run blast in the 2nd inning.

70 years ago
1946

Humour
At Club 500 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis staged their first show as a comedy team.

War
Chinese Nationalist forces drove the Communists northward from the Nanking-Shanghai area in the province of Kiangsu.

Defense
As part of Operation Crossroads, the United States detonated an atomic bomb underwater in the lagoon of Bikini Atoll; it was the first such test to take place underwater, falling in the midst of 75 warships and sinking 10.

Diplomacy
An Anglo-American cabinet committee proposed a division of Palestine into Jewish and Arab sectors, with overall control resting with British authorities, which would directly administer Jerusalem, Bethlehem, and the Negev.

Abominations
A mob of 20 white men forced four Negroes out of acar near Monroe, Georgia and killed them for allegedly stabbing a white man.

Politics and government
U.S. President Harry Truman named Jesus Pinero as Governor of Puerto Rico, succeeding Rexford Tugwell.

Agriculture
The governments of Canada and the United Kingdom announced a trade agreement calling for the sale of 600 million bushels of Canadian wheat to Britain for the next four years.

Scandal
A U.S. War Department report affirmed that defective mortar shells had killed American combat soldiers, but denied that faulty parts were made by the armaments firm under investigation in the Senate. U.S. House of Representatives Military Affairs Committee Chairman Andrew May (Democrat--Kentucky) claimed that he was unable to attend the Senate war profits inquiry due to a heart attack, after previously agreeing to testify.

Economics and finance
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in Japan General Douglas MacArthur approved a plan to decentralize economic power in Japan by liquidating the zaibatsu combines.

U.S. President Truman "reluctantly" signed the bill extending the Office of Price Administration through June 30, 1947, stating that he would call a special session of Congress if this new law failed to stem inflation. Mr. Truman issued an executive order shifting the Office of Economic Stabilization to the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion, making John Steelman temporary stabilization chief.

60 years ago
1956

Diplomacy
Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion said in a published interview that if the United Nations did not stop the Arab states' "policy of terrorism," Israel would act alone to "punish" the "perpetrators of these crimes."

Disasters
The Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria collided with the MS Stockholm in heavy fog 45 miles south of Nantucket Island. The Andrea Doria sank the next day; 46 passengers aboard the Andrea Doria and 5 crewmen of the Stockholm perished.



Boxing
World light heavyweight champion Archie Moore (159-20-8) scored a technical knockout of British Empire heavyweight champion James J. Parker (28-6-4) of Toronto at 2:02 of the 9th round of a heavyweight bout before 19,832 fans at Maple Leaf Stadium in Toronto, earning Mr. Moore Canadian recognition as world heavyweight champion. The title had been officially vacant since the retirement of champion Rocky Marciano three months earlier.



50 years ago
1966

Hit parade
#1 single in Spain (PROMUSICAE): Juanita Banana--Luis Aguilé (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): More Than Yesterday--Gregory and the Cadets

Canada's Top 10 (RPM)
1 Hanky Panky--Tommy James and the Shondells
2 The Pied Piper--Crispian St. Peters
3 Little Girl--Syndicate of Sound
4 Land of Milk and Honey--The Vogues
5 Please Tell Me Why--The Dave Clark Five
6 Strangers in the Night--Frank Sinatra
7 Pretty Flamingo--Manfred Mann
8 Along Comes Mary--The Association
9 I Saw Her Again--The Mamas and the Papas
10 Popsicle--Jan and Dean

Singles entering the chart were Summer in the City by the Lovin' Spoonful (#66); I Couldn't Live Without Your Love by Petula Clark (#77); You You You by Mel Carter (#78); Almost Persuaded by David Houston (#80); The Joker Went Wild by Brian Hyland (#85); Wouldn't it Be Nice by the Beach Boys (#86); 5 D (Fifth Dimension) by the Byrds (#87); Sunny Afternoon by the Kinks (#89); Bus Stop by the Hollies (#93); Livin' Above Your Head by Jay & the Americans (#94); Whatcha Gonna Do About It by the Modbeats (#95); Sunshine Superman by Donovan (#96); Alfie by Cilla Black (#98); I Guess I'll Always Love You by the Isley Brothers (#99); and Petticoat White (Summer Sky Blue) by Bobby Vinton (#100).

Politics and government
Lieutenant General Suharto was named Chairman of the Presidium in a new cabinet in Indonesia.

Baseball
Orlando Cepeda hit 2 home runs and drove in 3 runs to help the St. Louis Cardinals defeat the Minnesota Twins 7-5 in the annual Hall of Fame Game at Doubleday Field in Cooperstown, New York. Steve Carlton allowed just 1 earned run in pitching a complete game victory.

40 years ago
1976

Space
The U.S. probe Viking 1 took the famous "face on Mars" photograph.

Olympics
In his first international competition, Edwin Moses of the United States set a world record of 47.64 seconds in the 400-metre men's hurdles as he won the gold medal at the Montreal Olympics.

Jim Montgomery of the United States became the first swimmer in history to crack the 50-second barrier in the 100-metre men's freestyle as he won the gold medal at the Montreal Olympics in 49.99 seconds.

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Lessons in Love--Level 42 (3rd week at #1)

Died on this date
Vincente Minnelli, 83. U.S. movie director. Mr. Minnelli was best known for directing musicals, and won the Academy Award as Best Director for Gigi (1958). His other movies included Meet Me in St. Louis (1944); An American in Paris (1951); and The Band Wagon (1953). He was married to Judy Garland from 1945-1951, and the two were the parents of actress Liza Minnelli.

Football
CFL
British Columbia (4-1) 36 @ Hamilton (1-4) 21

25 years ago
1991

Hit parade
#1 single in Ireland (IRMA): Everything I Do (I Do it for You)--Bryan Adams (4th week at #1)

Died on this date
Lazar Kaganovich, 97. U.S.S.R. politician. Mr. Kaganovich was a Bolsehevik Communist who helped Josef Stalin seize power in the Soviet Union, and remained loyal to him. Mr. Kaganovich played a large role in the Ukrainian famine of 1932-1933, and even refused to defend his brother, also a Communist, when he was accused of disloyalty. Mr. Kaganovich gradually lost influence within the Communist Party after the death of Mr. Stalin in 1953, and was expelled from the party in 1961. He was the last surviving Old Bolshevik.

Football
CFL
Winnipeg (1-2) 16 @ Toronto (3-0) 30



Edmonton (2-1) 36 @ British Columbia (2-1) 37

Edmonton kicker Ray Macoritti missed 2 field goal attempts in the last minute, enabling the Lions to escape with a victory over the Eskimos at B.C. Place Stadium in Vancouver.



20 years ago
1996

Hit parade
#1 single in Finland (Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Denmark (Nielsen Music Control & IFPI): Killing Me Softly--The Fugees (2nd week at #1)

World events
In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre Buyoya, a Tutsi, deposed President Sylvestre Ntibantunganya, a Hutu.

Business
Toronto-based publisher Coach House Press announced that it would cease operations, blaming Ontario government cutbacks. It reopened in 1997 with a focus on electronic editions.

Olympics
Canadian swimmer Curtis Myden won his second bronze medal of the Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, in the 200-metre men's individual medley.

Football
CFL
Edmonton (3-2) 34 @ Ottawa (1-4) 18

Danny McManus completed 17 of 36 passes for 406 yards and touchdowns of 27 yards to Eddie Brown and 16 yards to Shalon Baker as the Eskimos defeated the Rough Riders at Frank Clair Stadium. Eric Blount rushed 8 yards for the other Edmonton TD, while Frank Jagas, in his fifth and last game as an Eskimo, added 3 converts, 4 field goals, and a single. Mr. Brown caught 4 passes for 159 yards, while teammate Marc Tobert caught 4 for 128--including a 60-yard gain--for the first 100-yard game of his CFL career. Edmonton defensive back Darian Hagan had a 73-yard interception return.